WO2015097872A1 - タービンハウジング - Google Patents
タービンハウジング Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015097872A1 WO2015097872A1 PCT/JP2013/085143 JP2013085143W WO2015097872A1 WO 2015097872 A1 WO2015097872 A1 WO 2015097872A1 JP 2013085143 W JP2013085143 W JP 2013085143W WO 2015097872 A1 WO2015097872 A1 WO 2015097872A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exterior member
- turbine housing
- exhaust gas
- interior member
- opening
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
- F02B37/025—Multiple scrolls or multiple gas passages guiding the gas to the pump drive
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/16—Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/50—Building or constructing in particular ways
- F05D2230/54—Building or constructing in particular ways by sheet metal manufacturing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/15—Heat shield
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/94—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF]
- F05D2260/941—Functionality given by mechanical stress related aspects such as low cycle fatigue [LCF] of high cycle fatigue [HCF] particularly aimed at mechanical or thermal stress reduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a turbine housing of a turbocharger that generates charge pressure for an engine using energy of exhaust gas introduced from the engine.
- Turbochargers are known to improve output.
- the efficiency of the turbocharger affects the fuel efficiency of the engine, so in particular from the viewpoint of fuel efficiency improvement, weight reduction, cost reduction, ease of manufacturing, heat capacity reduction, etc. It is required.
- Patent Document 1 As a turbine housing made of this sheet metal, for example, in Patent Document 1, a spiral exhaust gas flow path is formed in a scroll portion formed by abutting a plate-like or plate-like sheet metal member divided into two and abutting in the circumferential direction. A formed turbine housing is disclosed (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 1). Similarly, Patent Document 2 discloses a turbine housing having a structure in which a scroll portion is divided into two by a sheet metal member, and the left and right sheet metal members are butted and welded in the circumferential direction (see Patent Document 2). See Figure 2).
- Patent Document 3 includes a scroll member manufactured from a sheet metal member and having a spiral exhaust gas flow channel formed therein, and a cover member manufactured from the sheet metal member, and the cover member is the outer periphery of the scroll member.
- a turbine housing is disclosed that is configured to enclose the U.S. Pat.
- Patent Document 4 a turbine housing (see FIGS. 1 and 2 of Patent Document) in which a sheet metal inner wall surface casted at the time of casting of the turbine housing is formed in a cast turbine housing (see FIGS.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a turbine housing (see FIG. 1 of Patent Document) in which a ceramic scroll portion is formed in a cast turbine casing at the time of casting the turbine casing.
- JP 2008-57448 A Japanese Patent Publication No. 2003-536009 JP, 2006-161573, A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-111234 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-29724
- the rigidity of the turbine housing is enhanced by forming the scroll portion in a double structure by the scroll member and the cover member, and generation of cracks and the like due to thermal stress is prevented or damaged. Shielding property (continence property) that prevents internal parts from jumping out is secured.
- the weight is increased and the temperature difference between the inner and outer members is increased, resulting in large thermal deformation, so that the weight reduction and heat capacity reduction of the turbine housing can not be achieved. There was a drawback of that.
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 solve the above-described problems by configuring the turbine housing with a cast outer part and a sheet metal or ceramic inner part. Since the interior part has to be casted when casting the exterior part, there is a problem that the manufacturing becomes complicated. In addition, since a heat insulating material is filled in between the exterior part and the interior part, the number of parts is increased and the cost is increased.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and improves the surface roughness to suppress the loss of exhaust gas, and can improve the efficiency of the turbocharger and suppress the generation of cracks due to thermal fatigue. It is an object of the present invention to provide a turbine housing capable of improving the durability and ensuring the rigidity and reliably preventing the exhaust gas leakage to the outside while facilitating the manufacture.
- the present invention incorporates a turbine wheel which rotates by exhaust gas introduced from an engine, and a turbine having a spiral scroll portion which forms a flow path of the exhaust gas on the inner peripheral side.
- a cast exterior member in which an opening is formed in which a back member disposed with a gap on the back side of the turbine wheel is provided; And a sheet metal interior member disposed inside the exterior member via a predetermined air gap and constituting the scroll portion; The interior member is detachably configured in the exterior member via the opening.
- the turbine housing includes a turbine wheel which is rotated by the exhaust gas introduced from the engine and in which a spiral scroll portion for forming a swirling flow of the exhaust gas is disposed;
- the rigidity of the turbocharger can be secured by forming a double structure with the sheet metal interior member.
- an exhaust gas flow path with an improved surface roughness can be configured, so the loss of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust gas flow path can be suppressed and the efficiency of the turbocharger can be improved.
- the interior member is configured without being divided into two, generation of cracks due to thermal fatigue can be suppressed and durability can be improved.
- the exterior member is cast and disposed with a gap between it and the interior member, the exhaust gas leaks from the interior member can be tolerated, and the outflow to the outside can be assuredly by the exterior member. It can prevent.
- the interior member is configured to be removable from the exterior member via the opening portion in which the back member removable in the axial direction of the turbine wheel is disposed, the manufacture can be facilitated.
- the interior member is A first locking portion that locks onto the opening edge of the opening; It is preferable to have the 2nd latching
- the interior member is mounted in the exterior member via a fastening member.
- the interior member can be reliably fixed to the exterior member with a simple configuration.
- the interior member is formed into a predetermined shape by bending. It is deformed by a bending stress directed inward in the radial direction when attached to and removed from the exterior member, and is fitted in the exterior member by a spring back action that is biased outward by a reaction force generated by removing the bending stress. It is characterized by
- the interior member is formed into a predetermined shape by bending, and is fitted into the exterior member by a so-called spring back action, so that a fastening member for attachment is not necessary.
- the points can be reduced, the cost can also be reduced.
- the attachment reliability of the interior member to the exterior member can be significantly improved by using the fastening member in combination.
- the interior member is characterized in that one end portion located on the opening side of the exterior member is sandwiched between the back surface member and the exterior member.
- the interior member since the interior member is sandwiched between the back surface member and the exterior member at one end located on the opening side of the exterior member, the interior member can be exterior member without the need for a separate fastening member. It is possible to reduce the number of parts and to reduce the cost. However, by using the above-described fastening member and the spring back action together, the interior member can be more reliably attached to the exterior member, and the attachment reliability can be further improved.
- the interior member constitutes the scroll portion in which a plurality of flow paths of the exhaust gas are formed in a rotational axis direction of the turbine wheel by bending.
- the scroll portion in which the inner member forms a plurality of exhaust gas flow paths by bending it is possible to suppress the occurrence of secondary flow in the swirling flow of the exhaust gas in the scroll portion. Performance can be improved.
- two flow paths for the exhaust gas it can be used as a twin scroll.
- the interior member is characterized in that a shroud portion formed to cover the outer peripheral edge portion of the turbine wheel is integrally extended from the scroll portion.
- the interior member is configured to extend from the scroll portion the shroud portion formed to cover the outer peripheral edge portion of the turbine wheel in the inner periphery of the turbine housing.
- the parts are also made of sheet metal, which can further suppress the temperature rise of the exterior member.
- a certain clearance is required between the shroud and the turbine wheel to reduce the risk of damage due to thermal deformation of the moving blade due to high temperature exhaust gas in the engine transition period.
- the shroud can be formed of an inner member that can follow thermal deformation of the moving blade, the risk of damage due to the contact of the moving blade can be significantly reduced, and the clearance as described above is the minimum necessary. As a result, it is possible to eliminate useless space during steady-state traveling, and to make the entire turbine housing compact.
- the interior member is A first locking portion that locks onto the opening edge of the opening; It is characterized by having the 3rd stop part locked to the inner skin of the inner cylinder part which forms the inner skin of the exterior member.
- the interior member includes a first locking portion that locks to the opening edge of the opening, and a third locking portion that locks to the inner circumferential portion of the inner cylindrical portion that forms the inner circumferential portion of the exterior member.
- the interior member can be stably attached to the inner peripheral portion of the inner cylindrical portion in the exterior member.
- the exterior member is characterized by being made of a material having lower heat resistance than the interior member.
- the exterior member is made of ductile cast iron
- the interior member is made of austenitic stainless cast steel.
- the exterior member constituting the turbine housing is made of ductile cast iron and the interior member is made of austenitic stainless cast steel, the scroll portion exposed to high temperature exhaust gas has heat resistance and wear resistance, etc.
- the exterior member on the outer peripheral side of the turbine housing can be made of an inexpensive material that can withstand heating by the exhaust gas leaked on the interior member side or radiation heat from the interior member. Therefore, since the amount of application of the expensive material excellent in heat resistance, abrasion resistance, etc. can be reduced remarkably, sufficient cost reduction can be achieved.
- the back member is made of sheet metal. As described above, by making the back member also made of sheet metal, it is possible to simplify the manufacture, to share parts with turbochargers of different sizes and types, and to improve assemblability. Benefit from cost savings.
- the surface roughness can be improved to suppress the loss of exhaust gas, and the efficiency of the turbocharger can be improved, and the generation of cracks due to thermal fatigue can be suppressed to improve the durability and rigidity.
- the exhaust gas leakage to the outside can be reliably prevented.
- FIG. 1st embodiment of the present invention It is a sectional view showing a turbocharger concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the principal part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the turbocharger which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the turbocharger which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the turbocharger which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the turbocharger which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification in the turbocharger of FIG.
- the turbine housing 3 is a diesel engine or gasoline (not shown) mounted on an automobile, a truck, a bus, a ship, an industrial engine, etc. It is a turbine housing of the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 attached to an engine.
- the turbocharger 1 is provided with a turbine housing 3 that rotatably accommodates a turbine wheel 2 rotated by exhaust gas G introduced from the engine, with a rotation axis K as a center. Further, the turbocharger 1 is provided with a compressor housing 5 that rotatably accommodates a compressor impeller 4 located coaxially with the turbine wheel 2. Air is introduced into the compressor housing 5 through an air cleaner (not shown), and the compressor impeller 4 is rotationally driven by the turbine wheel 2 to supercharge intake air to the engine. It has become.
- a branch passage branched on the way is formed in an exhaust passage (not shown) connected to the turbine wheel 2 of the turbocharger 1 from the engine, and a wastegate valve (not shown) is provided in the branch passage. And communicate with the downstream exhaust passage.
- subjected to waste gas G has shown the flow of waste gas G in the figure.
- the turbine housing 3 incorporating the turbine wheel 2 as described above is disposed with a gap on the back side of the turbine wheel 2 and the axially removable back surface of the turbine wheel 2 It has a cast exterior member 31 provided with an opening 30 in which a back plate 6 as a member is disposed.
- the turbine housing 3 is disposed inside the exterior member 31 on the back side of the turbine wheel 2 via a predetermined air gap 7 to form a spiral scroll portion 8 that forms a flow path of the exhaust gas G inside.
- a sheet metal interior member 32 is provided.
- the interior member 32 is removable within the exterior member 31 via the opening 30. That is, the turbine housing 3 has a double structure of a cast exterior member 31 and a sheet metal interior member 32 which is detachable from the exterior member 31.
- the interior member 32 forms an inner peripheral portion of the exterior member 31 and an end portion 32 a positioned on the side of the opening 30 as a first locking portion that locks to the opening edge of the opening 30. It is a second locking portion that locks to the end of the cylindrical portion, and has the other end 32b that is the downstream side of the exhaust gas G (see FIG. 2). As a result, the interior member 32 can be stably attached to the exterior member 31.
- the interior member 32 is substantially perpendicular to the turbine wheel 2 side along the inner cylindrical portion of the exterior member 31 from the first side 32c extending substantially parallel to the rotation axis K from the one end 32a and the first side 32c. And a third side 32e bent so as to incline toward the opening 30 along the inner cylindrical portion of the exterior member 31 from the second side 32d See Figure 2).
- the interior member 32 the one end part 32a and the other end part 32b are mounted
- the interior member 32 by mounting the interior member 32 with the one end 32a and the other end 32b in the exterior member 31 with the bolt 9, it is possible to securely fix the exterior member 31 with a simple configuration. Become.
- a shroud portion 10 forming an exhaust passage of the exhaust gas G is formed on the inner peripheral portion of the turbine housing 3 so as to cover the turbine wheel 2. Specifically, the shroud portion 10 is formed close to the outer peripheral edge portion of the moving blade portion 21 in the turbine wheel 2 with a minute clearance C therebetween. Therefore, the high temperature exhaust gas G exhausted from the combustion chamber (not shown) of the engine is swirled in the scroll portion 8 to rotate the turbine wheel 2, thereby the interior member 32 including the shroud portion 10 in the turbine housing 3. And the turbine wheel 2 is exposed to the high temperature exhaust gas G, and the temperature rises.
- the exterior member 31 on the outer peripheral side of the turbine housing 3 is made of a material (for example, ductile cast iron) having lower heat resistance than the interior member, and the interior member 32 on the inner peripheral side of the turbine housing 3 is, for example, austenite It is preferable to be made of stainless cast steel of the family.
- the interior member 32 constituting the scroll portion 8 exposed to high temperature exhaust gas can be made of an expensive material excellent in heat resistance, wear resistance and the like.
- the exterior member 31 can be made of an inexpensive material that can withstand heating by the exhaust gas leaked on the interior member 32 side or radiation heat from the interior member. Therefore, it becomes possible to remarkably reduce the application amount of the expensive material excellent in heat resistance, abrasion resistance, etc., and it becomes possible to achieve sufficient cost reduction.
- the back plate 6 is preferably made of sheet metal. As described above, by making the back plate 6 also made of sheet metal, the cost can be suppressed as compared with the case of forming by casting, and simplification of the manufacture becomes possible, and the turbine size and the scroll portion 8 are different. It is possible to share parts with types (single scroll and twin scroll, etc.) turbochargers, and has an advantage of enabling further cost reduction. Alternatively, if the exterior member 31 is also made common as a part, and the interior member 32 is merely changed according to the type of the scroll portion 8, the cost can be further reduced significantly.
- the turbine wheel 2 rotated by the exhaust gas G introduced from an engine (not shown) is incorporated, and a spiral shape forming the swirling flow of the exhaust gas G inside
- the rigidity of the turbocharger 1 can be secured by configuring the turbine housing 3 in which the scroll portion 8 is disposed by a double structure of the cast exterior member 31 and the sheet metal interior member 32.
- the scroll portion 8 as an exhaust gas flow path with improved surface roughness can be configured, so the loss of the exhaust gas G flowing through the exhaust gas flow path can be suppressed and the turbocharger 1 Improve the efficiency of
- the exterior member 31 is made of cast material and the air gap 7 is interposed between the exterior member 31 and the interior member 32, the exhaust gas leaks from the interior member 32 can be tolerated, and the exterior member 31 leaks to the outside. Can be reliably prevented.
- the interior member 32 is detachable with respect to the exterior member 31 via the opening 30, manufacturing can be facilitated.
- the interior member 32 is mounted in the exterior member 31 via the bolt 9, the interior member 32 can be reliably fixed to the exterior member 31 with a simple configuration.
- the exterior member 31 of the turbine housing 3 is made of ductile cast iron, and the interior member 32 is made of austenitic stainless steel casting, so that the scroll portion 8 exposed to the high temperature exhaust gas G has heat resistance.
- the exterior member 31 on the outer peripheral side of the turbine housing 3 can be made of an expensive material excellent in wear resistance and the like, and the exterior member 31 can withstand heating due to exhaust gas leaking from the interior member 32 side and radiation heat from the interior member 32 It can be composed of inexpensive materials. Therefore, since the amount of application of the expensive material excellent in heat resistance, abrasion resistance, etc. can be reduced remarkably, sufficient cost reduction can be achieved.
- the interior member 32 which comprises the scroll part 8 is integrally formed, without dividing
- the back plate 6 also made of sheet metal, it is possible to simplify the manufacture, make it possible to share parts with turbochargers of different sizes and types, and to improve assemblability, and further There is an advantage that enables cost reduction.
- FIG. 3 shows a turbine housing 3 of a turbocharger 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged manner.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same parts as those in the corresponding previous figures, and only different parts in the configuration will be described in detail, and the detailed description of the same parts will be omitted. .
- the interior member 32 has one end 32 a that is engaged with the opening edge of the opening 30 and the end of the inner cylindrical portion that forms the inner circumferential portion of the exterior member 31. And the other end 32b engaged with the part.
- the interior member 32 is substantially perpendicular to the turbine wheel 2 side along the inner cylindrical portion of the exterior member 31 from the first side 32c extending substantially parallel to the rotation axis K from the one end 32a and the first side 32c. And a third side 32e bent so as to incline toward the opening 30 along the inner cylindrical portion of the exterior member 31 from the second side 32d It is formed in a letter shape. In addition, in the case of the present embodiment, the interior member 32 is formed by bending with flexibility.
- the interior member 32 is inserted into the exterior member 31 from the opening 30 in the open state from which the back plate 6 is removed, with the interior plate 32 being deformed by bending stress directed radially inward at the time of attachment and detachment with respect to the exterior member 31. .
- the inner member 32 is formed into a predetermined shape by bending, and the bending stress directed inward in the radial direction is removed when the outer member 31 is attached and detached.
- One end 32a is at the opening edge of the opening 30, and the other end 32b is at the outside of the end of the inner cylindrical portion forming the inner periphery of the exterior member 31 by the reaction force generated by Since it is fitted into the exterior member 31 by the spring back action to be biased, it is possible to reduce the number of parts and cost, since the fastening member such as the bolt 9 for attachment is not necessary.
- the interior member 32 can be firmly attached to the exterior member 31 by using the bolt 9 of the turbocharger 1 of the above-described first embodiment in combination, the attachment reliability can be significantly improved. it can.
- FIG. 4 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are assigned the same reference numerals is an enlarged view of a turbine housing 3 of a turbocharger 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- one end 32 a of the interior member 32 located on the opening 30 side of the exterior member 31 is sandwiched between the back plate 6 and the exterior member 31.
- the interior member 32 can be attached to the exterior member 31 without requiring a separate fastening member such as the bolt 9 or the like.
- the other end 32 b of the interior member 32 may be attached in a state of being in contact with the end of the inner cylindrical portion forming the inner peripheral portion of the exterior member 31. Like the interior member 32 in the embodiment, it may be attached in a biased state by the spring back action.
- the back plate 6 and the exterior member are the end portion 32 a of the interior member 32 located on the opening 30 side of the exterior member 31. Since it is held between the housing 31 and the interior member 32, the interior member 32 can be attached to the exterior member 31 without the need for a separate fastening member such as a bolt 9, and the number of parts can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Can. Moreover, by using the above-described bolt 9 and the spring back function together, the interior member can be more securely attached to the exterior member, and the attachment reliability can be further improved.
- FIG. 5 shows a turbine housing 3 of a turbocharger 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged manner.
- the interior member 32 is bent by the bending process to replace the first side 32c, and the outer periphery 32f has the substantially central portion 32g as the turbine wheel 2 at the opening 30 of the exterior member 31. It is formed like a mountain towards the side.
- the inner circumferential member 32 can configure the scroll portion 8 (in this case, the scroll portion 8 formed of so-called twin scroll) in which the flow paths 81 and 82 of a plurality (two in this case) of exhaust gas G are formed. It has become.
- the scroll portion 8 in which the interior member 32 forms the flow paths 81 and 82 of a plurality (for example, two) of exhaust gases G, the swirling flow of the exhaust gases G in the scroll portion 8 is performed. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of the next flow. Moreover, by forming two flow paths 81 and 82 of the exhaust gas G, it becomes possible to utilize as a twin scroll.
- the interior member 32 forms the scroll portion 8 in which a plurality of flow paths 81 and 82 of the exhaust gas G are formed by bending. Since generation of secondary flow in the swirling flow of the exhaust gas G in the scroll portion 8 can be suppressed, the performance of the turbocharger 1 can be improved. Moreover, by forming the flow paths 81 and 82 of two exhaust gas G in the scroll part 8, it can also utilize as a twin scroll.
- FIG. 6 shows a turbine housing 3 of a turbocharger 1 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention in an enlarged manner.
- the interior member 32 has a shroud portion 10 (see FIG. 4) formed to cover the outer peripheral edge portion of the turbine wheel 2 in the inner periphery of the turbine housing 3. , And extended from the scroll unit 8.
- the interior member 32 in the fifth embodiment has an end portion 32a as a first locking portion that locks to the opening edge of the opening 30, and an inner periphery of an inner cylindrical portion that forms the inner peripheral portion of the exterior member 31. And the other end 32b as a third locking portion to be locked to the portion.
- the other end 32 b is formed by extending the third side 32 e of the interior member 32 and extending the other end 32 b to the inner peripheral portion of the inner cylindrical portion of the exterior member 31.
- the interior member 32 extends the third side 32 e to integrally configure the shroud portion 33 extended from the scroll portion 8.
- the shroud portion 33 is formed by a thin sheet metal interior member 32 made of austenitic heat-resistant stainless cast steel or the like in order to allow deformation of the turbine wheel 2. Further, between the shroud portion 33 and the inner cylinder end 31 a of the exterior member 31 facing the shroud portion 33, a gap S which extends from the gap portion 7 and is communicated is provided.
- the interior member 32 Furthermore, in the interior member 32, one end 32a is sandwiched between the back plate 6 and the exterior member 31, and the other end 32b on the downstream side of the exhaust gas G is attached to the exterior member 31. There is. At this time, the interior member 32 interposes the scroll portion 8 and the shroud portion 33 between the one end 32 a and the other end 32 b attached to the exterior member 31 respectively, and between the exterior member 31. Since the air gap 7 and the air gap S are disposed, the heat treatment can be expanded and shrunk in response to exposure to high temperature.
- the scroll portion 8 and the shroud portion 33 are similarly heated by the exhaust gas G, so that the shroud portion 33 thermally deforms outward of the scroll portion 8 and the heat of the turbine wheel 2 tries to approach it. It is a thermal deformation that tries to escape outward to the deformation. That is, the shroud portion 33 can follow the thermal deformation of the moving blade portion 21 in the turbine wheel 2. Therefore, the shroud portion 33 can effectively avoid contact with the outer peripheral edge portion of the moving blade portion 21 of the turbine wheel 2.
- the inner member 32 is formed to cover the outer peripheral edge portion of the moving blade portion 21 of the turbine wheel 2 in the inner periphery of the turbine housing 3 Since the shroud portion 33 to be formed is extended from the scroll portion 8, the shroud portion 33 is also made of sheet metal, and the temperature rise of the exterior member 31 can be further suppressed.
- a constant clearance C is provided between the shroud portion 10 and the turbine wheel 2, to reduce the risk of damage due to the thermal deformation of the moving blade portion 21 due to the high temperature exhaust gas G in the engine transition period.
- the shroud 33 can be formed by the interior member 32 capable of following the thermal deformation of the moving blade 21, the moving blade 21 is not While the risk of damage due to contact can be significantly reduced and the clearance C as described above can be minimized, waste space in steady running can be eliminated, and the entire turbine housing 3 can be made compact. it can.
- the peripheral portion 32f has a substantially central portion 32g formed in a mountain shape toward the turbine wheel 2 side of the opening 30 of the exterior member 31, and the inner peripheral member 32 flows a plurality of (in this case, two) exhaust gases G
- the scroll portion 8 (in this case, the scroll portion 8 formed by so-called twin scroll) having the paths 81 and 82 may be configured.
- the surface roughness can be improved to suppress the loss of exhaust gas, and the efficiency of the turbocharger can be improved, and the generation of cracks due to thermal fatigue As a result, the durability can be improved, and rigidity can be secured to prevent exhaust gas leakage to the outside.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the loss of the exhaust gas by improving the surface roughness while securing the rigidity and improve the efficiency of the turbocharger, and to suppress the generation of the crack due to the thermal fatigue to improve the durability. It is suitable for use in the turbine housing of a turbocharger provided in an exhaust system in industrial equipment such as vehicles, ships, or stationary engines, for example, because it .
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Abstract
Description
前記タービンホイールの背面側に隙間を存して配設される背面部材を内側に配置する開口部が形成される鋳造製の外装部材と、
前記外装部材の内部に所定の空隙部を介して配置され、前記スクロール部を構成する板金製の内装部材と、を備え、
前記内装部材は、前記開口部を介して前記外装部材内に着脱自在に構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、内装部材を板金製とすることにより、面粗度が改善された排ガス流路を構成できるので、当該排ガス流路を流れる排ガスの損失を抑制してターボチャージャの効率を向上できる。これと共に、当該内装部材が二分割されることなく構成されるため、熱疲労に起因する亀裂の発生を抑制して耐久性を向上できる。
このとき、外装部材が鋳造製であり、内装部材との間に隙間を存して配設されるため、内装部材からの排ガス漏れを許容できると共に、当該外装部材によって外部への流出を確実に防止できる。
しかも、内装部材は外装部材に対し、タービンホイールの軸方向に取外し可能な背面部材が配設される開口部を介して着脱自在に構成されているので、製造の容易化を図ることもできる。
前記開口部の開口縁に係止する第1係止部と、
前記外装部材の内周部を形成する内筒部の端部に係止する第2係止部と、を有することが好ましい。
これにより、内装部材を外装部材内に安定して取り付けることができる。
前記内装部材は、締結部材を介して前記外装部材内に装着されることを特徴とする。
このように、内装部材が締結部材を介して外装部材内に装着されるので、簡単な構成で内装部材を外装部材に対して確実に固定することができる。
前記内装部材は、曲げ加工によって所定形状に形成されてなり、
前記外装部材に対する着脱時に径方向内側に向けた曲げ応力によって変形され、当該曲げ応力が取り除かれて生じる反力によって外方に付勢されるスプリングバック作用により、前記外装部材内に嵌着されることを特徴とする。
前記内装部材は、前記外装部材の開口部側に位置する一端部が、前記背面部材と前記外装部材との間に挟持されることを特徴とする。
前記内装部材は、曲げ加工によって前記排ガスの流路が前記タービンホイールの回転軸方向に複数形成された前記スクロール部を構成することを特徴とする。
このように、内装部材が、曲げ加工によって排ガスの流路を複数形成してなるスクロール部を構成することにより、スクロール部内における排ガスの旋回流に二次流れが生じることを抑制できるので、ターボチャージャの性能を向上させることができる。
また、排ガスの流路を2つ形成することで、ツインスクロールとして活用することができる。
前記内装部材は、前記タービンホイールの外周縁部を覆うように形成されるシュラウド部を、前記スクロール部から延設して一体的に構成することを特徴とする。
また、通常、シュラウド部とタービンホイールとの間には、エンジン過渡期における高温の排ガスによって動翼部が熱変形することに起因した損傷リスクを低減するために、一定のクリアランスが必要となるが、当該シュラウド部を動翼部の熱変形に追随可能な内装部材で形成することができるので、当該動翼部の接触による損傷リスクを格段と低減できると共に、上述のようなクリアランスを必要最低限に抑えることができる分、定常走行時における無駄なスペースを排除でき、タービンハウジング全体としてコンパクト化を図ることができる。
前記内装部材は、
前記開口部の開口縁に係止する第1係止部と、
前記外装部材の内周部を形成する内筒部の内周部に係止する第3係止部とを有することを特徴とする。
前記外装部材は、前記内装部材よりも耐熱性が低い材料からなることを特徴としている。
例えば一例として、
前記外装部材は、ダクタイル鋳鉄からなり、
前記内装部材は、オーステナイト系のステンレス鋳鋼からなることを特徴とする。
前記背面部材は、板金製であることを特徴とする。
このように、背面部材も板金製とすることで、製造を簡略化できると共に、サイズやタイプの異なるターボチャージャと部品の共通化を図ることができ、組立性も向上させることが可能となり、更なるコスト削減を可能とする利点がある。
図1および図2に示すように、本発明の第1実施形態に係るタービンハウジング3は、図示省略する自動車、トラック、バス、船舶、産業用エンジン等に搭載される不図示のディーゼルエンジンまたはガソリンエンジンに装着される排気ターボチャージャ1のタービンハウジングである。
すなわち、タービンハウジング3は、鋳造製の外装部材31と、当該外装部材31に対して着脱自在な板金製の内装部材32と、による二重構造となっている。
これにより、内装部材32を外装部材31内に安定して取り付けることが可能となる。
あるいは、外装部材31も部品として共通化すればし、内装部材32をスクロール部8のタイプに応じて変更するだけで、より大幅なコスト削減を図ることができる。
また、内装部材32を板金製とすることにより、面粗度が改善された排ガス流路としてのスクロール部8を構成できるので、当該排ガス流路を流れる排ガスGの損失を抑制してターボチャージャ1の効率を向上できる。
このとき、外装部材31が鋳造製であり、内装部材32との間に空隙部7を介在しているため、内装部材32からの排ガス漏れを許容できると共に、当該外装部材31によって外部への流出を確実に防止できる。
しかも、内装部材32は外装部材31に対し、開口部30を介して着脱自在となっているので、製造の容易化を図ることもできる。
また、スクロール部8を構成する内装部材32が二分割などに分割されることなく、一体で形成されているので、熱疲労に起因する亀裂の発生を抑制して耐久性を向上できる。よって、従来のような二分割等で形成されていた場合と比較して、当該スクロール部8の剛性を向上でき、板金製の薄肉の内装部材32を採用しても高い遮蔽性(コンテインメント性)を確保することができる。
図2との対応部分に同一符号を付した図3は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るターボチャージャ1のタービンハウジング3を拡大して示すものである。なお、以下の実施形態において、対応する前出の図と同一部分については同一符号を付し、構成の異なる部分のみ詳細に説明するものとし、同一部分についての詳細な説明は割愛するものとする。
図2および図3との対応部分に同一符号を付した図4は、本発明の第3実施形態に係るターボチャージャ1のタービンハウジング3を拡大して示すものである。図4に示すように、本実施形態の場合、内装部材32は、外装部材31の開口部30側に位置する一端部32aが、バックプレート6と外装部材31との間に挟持されている。
これにより、ボルト9等の締結部材を別途必要とすることなく、内装部材32を外装部材31に対して取り付けることができるようになっている。
図4との対応部分に同一符号を付した図5は、本発明の第4実施形態に係るターボチャージャ1のタービンハウジング3を拡大して示すものである。
図5に示すように、本実施形態の場合、内装部材32は曲げ加工によって、第1辺32cに代わって、外周辺32fがその略中央部32gを外装部材31の開口部30におけるタービンホイール2側に向けて山なりに形成されている。これにより、内周部材32は、複数(この場合、2つ)の排ガスGの流路81,82が形成されたスクロール部8(この場合、所謂ツインスクロールからなるスクロール部8)を構成可能となっている。
また、スクロール部8に2つの排ガスGの流路81,82を形成することで、ツインスクロールとして活用することもできる。
図4との対応部分に同一符号を付した図6は、本発明の第5実施形態に係るターボチャージャ1のタービンハウジング3を拡大して示すものである。図6に示すように、本実施形態の場合、内装部材32は、タービンハウジング3の内周のうち、タービンホイール2の外周縁部を覆うように形成されるシュラウド部10(図4参照)を、スクロール部8から延設して構成するようにした。
また、通常、シュラウド部10とタービンホイール2との間には、エンジン過渡期における高温の排ガスGによって動翼部21が熱変形することに起因した損傷リスクを低減するために、一定のクリアランスCが必要となるが(図4など参照)、本実施形態の場合、シュラウド部33を動翼部21の熱変形に追随可能な内装部材32で形成することができるので、当該動翼部21の接触による損傷リスクを格段と低減できると共に、上述のようなクリアランスCを必要最低限に抑えることができる分、定常走行時における無駄なスペースを排除でき、タービンハウジング3全体としてコンパクト化を図ることができる。
2 タービンホイール
21 動翼部
3 タービンハウジング
30 開口部
31 外装部材
31a 内筒端部
32 内装部材
32a 一端部(第1係止部)
32b 他端部(第2係止部、第3係止部)
32c 第1辺
32d 第2辺
32e 第3辺
32f 外周辺
33 シュラウド部
6 バックプレート
7 空隙部
8 スクロール部
81,82 流路
9 ボルト(締結部材)
C クリアランス
G 排ガス
S 隙間
Claims (10)
- エンジンから導入される排ガスによって回転するタービンホイールが内蔵され、内周側に前記排ガスの流路を形成する渦巻状のスクロール部が配設されたタービンハウジングにおいて、
前記タービンホイールの背面側に隙間を存して配設される背面部材を内側に配置する開口部が形成される鋳造製の外装部材と、
前記外装部材の内部に所定の空隙部を介して配置され、前記スクロール部を構成する板金製の内装部材と、を備え、
前記内装部材は、前記開口部を介して前記外装部材内に着脱自在に構成されていることを特徴とするタービンハウジング。 - 前記内装部材は、
前記開口部の開口縁に係止する第1係止部と、
前記外装部材の内周部を形成する内筒部の端部に係止する第2係止部と、を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のタービンハウジング。 - 前記内装部材は、締結部材を介して前記外装部材内に装着されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタービンハウジング。
- 前記内装部材は、曲げ加工によって所定形状に形成されてなり、
前記外装部材に対する着脱時に径方向内側に向けた曲げ応力によって変形され、当該曲げ応力が取り除かれて生じる反力によって外方に付勢されるスプリングバック作用により、前記外装部材内に嵌着されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタービンハウジング。 - 前記内装部材は、前記外装部材の開口部側に位置する一端部が、前記背面部材と前記外装部材との間に挟持されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタービンハウジング。
- 前記内装部材は、曲げ加工によって前記排ガスの流路が前記タービンホイールの回転軸方向に複数形成された前記スクロール部を構成することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のタービンハウジング。
- 前記内装部材は、前記タービンホイールの外周縁部を覆うように形成されるシュラウド部を、前記スクロール部から延設して一体的に構成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のタービンハウジング。
- 前記内装部材は、
前記開口部の開口縁に係止する第1係止部と、
前記外装部材の内周部を形成する内筒部の内周部に係止する第3係止部と、を有することを特徴とする請求項7に記載のタービンハウジング。 - 前記外装部材は、前記内装部材よりも耐熱性が低い材料からなることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のタービンハウジング。
- 前記背面部材は、板金製であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のタービンハウジング。
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US10519850B2 (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2019-12-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Turbine housing and method of producing turbine housing |
US11162412B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2021-11-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Casing for exhaust turbocharger turbine, exhaust turbocharger turbine, and manufacturing method thereof |
JPWO2018173298A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-11-07 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | 排気ターボ過給機用タービンのケーシング、排気ターボ過給機用タービン、及び製造方法 |
CN110234855B (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2022-03-29 | 三菱重工发动机和增压器株式会社 | 排气涡轮增压器用涡轮的壳体、排气涡轮增压器用涡轮及制造方法 |
WO2018173298A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | 排気ターボ過給機用タービンのケーシング、排気ターボ過給機用タービン、及び製造方法 |
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JPWO2019064388A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-04-09 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | タービンハウジング及びこれを備えた過給機 |
WO2019064388A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | タービンハウジング及びこれを備えた過給機 |
US11221022B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2022-01-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Engine & Turbocharger, Ltd. | Turbine housing and turbocharger including the same |
JP7037634B2 (ja) | 2018-03-05 | 2022-03-16 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | ターボ過給機及び内燃機関 |
JPWO2019171431A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-05 | 2021-02-04 | 三菱重工エンジン&ターボチャージャ株式会社 | ターボ過給機及び内燃機関 |
JP2020159221A (ja) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | ターボチャージャ |
US11174868B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2021-11-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Turbocharger |
US11300041B2 (en) | 2019-03-25 | 2022-04-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Turbocharger |
JP7103286B2 (ja) | 2019-03-25 | 2022-07-20 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | ターボチャージャ |
DE102020107894B4 (de) | 2019-03-25 | 2023-05-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Turbolader |
JP7415875B2 (ja) | 2020-11-04 | 2024-01-17 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | タービンハウジング |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3088699B1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
US20160290163A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
JPWO2015097872A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
CN105793537B (zh) | 2018-07-31 |
EP3088699A1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
CN108757063A (zh) | 2018-11-06 |
CN108757063B (zh) | 2021-04-02 |
EP3088699A4 (en) | 2016-12-28 |
US10145267B2 (en) | 2018-12-04 |
JP6126246B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
CN105793537A (zh) | 2016-07-20 |
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