WO2015074401A1 - 微型扬声器模组和增强其频率响应的方法以及电子设备 - Google Patents

微型扬声器模组和增强其频率响应的方法以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015074401A1
WO2015074401A1 PCT/CN2014/079266 CN2014079266W WO2015074401A1 WO 2015074401 A1 WO2015074401 A1 WO 2015074401A1 CN 2014079266 W CN2014079266 W CN 2014079266W WO 2015074401 A1 WO2015074401 A1 WO 2015074401A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound source
frequency
active sound
diaphragm
amplitude
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PCT/CN2014/079266
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯康
Original Assignee
歌尔声学股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔声学股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority to JP2015548187A priority Critical patent/JP6216803B2/ja
Priority to KR1020147030659A priority patent/KR101493958B1/ko
Priority to US14/397,844 priority patent/US9485566B2/en
Priority to EP14786118.1A priority patent/EP2947896A4/en
Publication of WO2015074401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015074401A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H04R1/2857—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of communication acoustics, in particular to a micro-speaker module, a method for enhancing the frequency response of a micro-speaker module and an electronic device.
  • the use of an enhanced algorithm in a microspeaker module can cause an increase in the temperature of the voice coil and the back cavity when amplifying the amplitude of the electrical signal, which brings hidden dangers to system reliability.
  • the existing closed design usually only has a small leaky sound port, which can not play the role of heat dissipation.
  • the heat is generally exported through a large metal basin frame or a heat conductive sheet, and the metal heat dissipation method generally applies to the peripheral circuit of the device, especially the antenna. The design is harmful.
  • the present invention has been made in order to provide a method, a microspeaker module and an electronic device for enhancing the frequency response of a microspeaker module that overcomes the above problems or at least partially solves the above problems.
  • a method of enhancing a frequency response of a miniature speaker module comprising:
  • An inverted phase tube is added to the rear cavity of the microspeaker module to form a second sound source in the inverted tube when the active sound source is working, and the second sound source is radiated together with the active sound source;
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm of the active sound source has a local low valley of the amplitude below the resonance frequency point F0, and the lowest point of the local valley corresponds to the Fb frequency point;
  • the input signal of the active sound source is matched and enhanced according to the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm of the active sound source of the microspeaker module after the inverter tube is added.
  • the micro-speaker module is designed for positive sound, and the second sound source formed in the inverted tube and the active sound source are independently radiated;
  • the micro-speaker module is designed for side sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source are independently radiated;
  • the microspeaker module is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source share the front cavity to radiate together.
  • the matching enhancement processing on the input signal of the active sound source according to the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm of the active sound source of the microspeaker module after the addition of the inverted tube includes:
  • the first frequency point is a frequency point lower than Fb, to filter out the signal in the frequency band below Fb that exceeds the allowable range of the active sound source diaphragm;
  • the signal above the second frequency point higher than F0 is subjected to high-pass filtering and enhanced processing, and the medium-high frequency output is further enhanced by the characteristics of the diaphragm of the active sound source having a small amplitude in the middle and high frequency bands.
  • the method further includes:
  • Adjusting Fb by changing the length and diameter of the pipe of the inverter tube; and/or adjusting F0 by changing the properties of the active sound source diaphragm and the quality of the voice coil;
  • one or more parameters of the filter are adjusted in the matching enhancement process: Q value, order, band attenuation parameter, and cutoff frequency.
  • a microspeaker module comprising: a cavity and an active sound source disposed in the cavity, an inverter tube, and a matching enhancement unit;
  • the inverter tube is disposed in the rear cavity such that a second sound source is formed in the inverter tube when the active sound source operates, and the second sound source is radiated together with the active sound source;
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm of the active sound source has a local low valley of the amplitude below the resonance frequency point F0, and the lowest point of the local valley corresponds to the Fb frequency point;
  • the matching enhancement unit performs matching enhancement processing on the input signal of the active sound source according to the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm of the active sound source of the microspeaker module after the inverter tube is added.
  • the micro-speaker module is designed for positive sound, and the second sound source formed in the inverted tube and the active sound source are independently radiated;
  • the micro-speaker module is designed for side sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source are independently radiated;
  • the microspeaker module is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source share the front cavity to radiate together.
  • the matching enhancement unit includes:
  • the very low frequency filtering unit filters out the signal below the first frequency point, and the first frequency point is a frequency point lower than Fb, so as to filter out the signal in the frequency band below Fb that exceeds the allowable range of the active sound source diaphragm;
  • a low-frequency enhancement unit that performs band-pass filtering and enhancement processing on signals in a certain frequency band with Fb as a center frequency point to achieve low-frequency dive and bass enhancement;
  • the low-frequency reduction unit performs notch filtering on a signal in a certain frequency band with F0 as a center frequency point to prevent the diaphragm of the active sound source from being excessively large in the vicinity of F0;
  • the high-frequency enhancement unit performs high-pass filtering and enhancement processing on signals above the second frequency point higher than F0, and further enhances the medium-high frequency output by utilizing the characteristics of the diaphragm of the active sound source having a small amplitude in the middle and high frequency bands.
  • adjusting Fb by changing the length and diameter of the pipe of the inverter tube; and/or adjusting F0 by changing the properties of the active sound source diaphragm and the voice coil;
  • one or more parameters of the filter are adjusted in the matching enhancement process: Q value, order, band attenuation parameter, and cutoff frequency.
  • an electronic device comprising a microspeaker as described above.
  • the electronic device is a mobile phone, a tablet, a flat-panel television or a notebook computer.
  • the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube is radiated together with the active sound source, so that the low-frequency response of the micro-speaker module is improved;
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm of the active sound source has a local low valley of the amplitude below the resonance frequency point F0, and the lowest point of the local valley corresponds to the Fb frequency point, according to the micro-speaker module after the addition of the inverted tube
  • the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm of the active sound source, the technical scheme of matching enhancement processing on the input signal of the active sound source, and the matching processing according to the amplitude characteristic of the active sound source so that the frequency response of the entire frequency band of the micro speaker module Both have been improved very well; at the same time, by adding an inverted tube in the micro-speaker module, the heat in the back cavity can be well exported, effectively improving system
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing a method of enhancing the frequency response of a microspeaker module according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a comparison between a frequency response curve of a microspeaker module of the present invention that does not perform a matching enhancement process on a signal input to an active sound source of a microspeaker; and a frequency response curve of a conventional closed box design microspeaker module;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the impedance curve of the microspeaker module of the present invention and the impedance curve of the conventional closed box design microspeaker module when the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker is not matched and enhanced;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the comparison between the film vibration amplitude curve and the film vibration amplitude curve of the conventional closed box design microspeaker module when the microspeaker module of the present invention does not perform the matching enhancement processing on the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker. ;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a matching enhancement processing algorithm designed for the amplitude characteristic shown in FIG. 4 of a microspeaker module in which an inverter tube is added;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific processing of a matching enhancement processing algorithm for a micro-speaker module with an inverted inverter tube in different frequency bands according to FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of specific processing of a matching enhancement processing algorithm for a micro-speaker module with an inverted phase-in-tube designed in different frequency bands according to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram showing a matching enhancement unit included in the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of enhancing the frequency response of a miniature speaker module in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method of this embodiment includes:
  • an inverted phase tube is added to the rear cavity of the active sound source of the microspeaker module, so that the diaphragm of the active sound source squeezes the air of the back cavity while the active sound source is working, and forms the first in the inverted tube.
  • the two sound sources, the second sound source and the active sound source radiate together to improve the low frequency response of the microspeaker module.
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm of the active sound source is a local low valley of the amplitude below the resonance frequency point F0, and the lowest point of the local valley corresponds to the Fb frequency point.
  • S200 Perform matching enhancement processing on the input signal of the active sound source according to the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm of the active sound source of the micro-speaker module after the inverter tube is added.
  • step S200 specifically includes: processing the input signal of the active sound source by bandpass filtering and enhancing the signal in a certain frequency band with the Fb as the center frequency to achieve low frequency dive and bass enhancement. .
  • step S200 specifically includes: processing an input signal of the active sound source by filtering a signal below the first frequency point, where the first frequency point is a frequency lower than Fb, to filter out the frequency band below Fb A signal that causes the amplitude to exceed the allowable range of the active source diaphragm.
  • Signals in a certain frequency band with Fb as the center frequency band are band-pass filtered and enhanced to achieve low frequency dive and bass boost.
  • the signal in a certain frequency band with F0 as the center frequency is notch-filtered to avoid the amplitude of the diaphragm of the active sound source being too large near F0.
  • the signal above the second frequency point higher than F0 is subjected to high-pass filtering and enhanced processing, and the medium-high frequency output is further enhanced by the characteristics of the diaphragm of the active sound source having a small amplitude in the middle and high frequency bands.
  • the signal below the first frequency point is called the very low frequency signal, and the amplitude of the diaphragm in this frequency band is larger than the allowable range of the active sound source diaphragm (close to/reach/exceeds the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm).
  • the filtering of the very low frequency signal is generally implemented by a high-pass filter.
  • the filtering cutoff frequency, that is, the first frequency point is determined by the amplitude curve of the diaphragm of the active sound source and the nature of the diaphragm itself. For example, the amplitude curve can be selected to vibrate.
  • the frequency point at which the film allows amplitude is the first frequency point.
  • the micro-speaker module obtained by adding the inverter tube by using the method shown in FIG. 1 has the frequency response of the micro-speaker module being improved in the low frequency band below F0 due to the addition of the inverter tube, and further enhanced by matching enhancement processing.
  • the frequency response of the entire frequency band of the microspeaker module has been greatly improved.
  • the method shown in Figure 1 effectively enhances the frequency response of the microspeaker module, provides sufficient low frequency dive and loudness, and can be widely used in the field of micro electro-acoustics, such as mobile phones, tablets, flat-panel TVs, and notebook computers. .
  • the microspeaker module is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted tube and the active sound source are independently radiated (as shown in FIG. 8).
  • the microspeaker module is designed for side sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted tube and the active sound source are each independently radiated (as shown in FIG. 10).
  • the microspeaker module is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source share the front cavity to radiate together (as shown in FIG. 11).
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the frequency response curve of the microspeaker module of the present invention when the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker is not matched and the frequency response curve of the conventional closed box design microspeaker module.
  • the horizontal axis is the frequency
  • the solid line is the frequency response curve when the micro-speaker module of the invention does not perform the matching enhancement processing on the signal of the active sound source of the input micro-speaker
  • the dotted line is the traditional closed box design micro-speaker module. Frequency response curve.
  • the microspeaker module obtained by the step S100 is in the frequency band below the low frequency resonance frequency F0 (refer to FIG. 5, about 600 Hz) (for example, 300 Hz to 500 Hz in FIG. 2).
  • the low frequency sensitivity has at least 2dB improvement compared to the existing closed box design microspeaker module. That is, the low frequency response of the microspeaker module is improved by the second sound source formed in the inverter tube radiating together with the active sound source.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison between the impedance curve of the microspeaker module of the present invention and the impedance curve of the conventional closed box design microspeaker module when the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker is not matched and enhanced.
  • the horizontal axis is the frequency
  • the solid line is the impedance curve when the micro-speaker module of the invention does not perform the matching enhancement processing on the signal of the active sound source of the input micro-speaker
  • the dotted line is the traditional closed box design micro-speaker module. Impedance curve.
  • the amplitude of the voice coil vibration in the low frequency band is limited due to the second sound source formed in the inverter tube, so that the microspeaker module of the present invention does not perform the input signal of the active sound source.
  • a local low point appears in the impedance enhancement process in the matching enhancement process (in the present embodiment, around 420 Hz, the 420 Hz frequency point is referred to as Fb).
  • Fb the 420 Hz frequency point is referred to as Fb.
  • 4 is a view showing a comparison between a film vibration amplitude curve of a microspeaker module of the present invention and a film vibration amplitude curve of a conventional closed box design microspeaker module when the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker is not matched and enhanced.
  • the horizontal axis is the frequency
  • the solid line is the film vibration amplitude curve when the micro-speaker module of the invention does not perform the matching enhancement processing on the signal of the active sound source of the input micro-speaker
  • the dotted line is the traditional closed box design micro-speaker mode.
  • the film's vibration amplitude curve It can be clearly seen that in the low frequency band, due to the second sound source formed in the inverter tube, the microspeaker module of the present invention does not exist at the low frequency when the signal of the active sound source of the input microspeaker is not matched and enhanced. Local minimum point Fb of amplitude (420Hz). According to such characteristics, a matching enhancement processing algorithm as shown in FIG. 5 is designed in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a matching enhancement processing algorithm designed for the amplitude characteristic shown in FIG. 4 of the microspeaker module in which the inverter tube is added.
  • the matching enhancement processing algorithm is specifically:
  • the first frequency point is a frequency lower than Fb.
  • the signal below the first frequency point is called a very low frequency signal, and the amplitude of the diaphragm in this frequency band is larger than the allowable range of the active sound source diaphragm (close to / Reach / exceed the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm).
  • the filtering of the very low frequency signal is generally implemented by a high-pass filter.
  • the filtering cutoff frequency is determined by the amplitude curve of the diaphragm of the active sound source and the nature of the diaphragm itself; for example, the filtering cutoff frequency is the first frequency point, which can be selected below Fb, and the frequency point of the active sound source amplitude curve of the micro-speaker module after the addition of the inverted tube reaches the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm is the first frequency point and the filter cut-off frequency.
  • the frequency band signal is enhanced, thereby realizing the low frequency dive and bass enhancement, while still maintaining the vibration amplitude of the film within the necessary range (this implementation)
  • the necessary range of the vibration amplitude of the film is determined according to the component size of the microspeaker module; wherein, Fb is the active sound source amplitude curve of the microspeaker module after the addition of the inverter tube is below the low frequency of F0.
  • the frequency point corresponding to the lowest point of the amplitude (Fb is 420 Hz in this embodiment), the above-mentioned frequency band with Fb as the center frequency point, can pass the preset threshold value and the active sound source of the micro-speaker module after adding the inverter tube Depending on the amplitude curve, for example, the active sound source amplitude curve of the microspeaker module after the addition of the inverter tube can be selected to reach a preset threshold (the threshold value is set as needed, for example, can be the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm 60)
  • the two frequency points of % or 70%) are the two endpoints of the band.
  • F0 is the low-frequency resonance point of the micro-speaker module after adding the inverter tube (in this case)
  • F0 is 600 Hz.
  • the above-mentioned certain frequency band with F0 as the center frequency can be determined by a preset threshold value and an active sound source amplitude curve of the micro-speaker module after adding the inverter tube.
  • the micro-speaker after the addition of the inverter tube can be selected.
  • the active sound source amplitude curve of the module reaches a preset threshold (the threshold is set as needed, for example, 40% or 60% of the amplitude allowed by the diaphragm).
  • the two frequency points are the two endpoints of the frequency band.
  • the film has a small amplitude in the mid-high frequency band and enhances the mid-high frequency response. Since the amplitude of the diaphragm is small in the high frequency band, the high frequency signal is enhanced here.
  • the second frequency point is a frequency point higher than F0. According to the amplitude characteristic, the amplitude of the diaphragm decreases with increasing frequency at a frequency higher than F0.
  • the second frequency point higher than F0 can be selected, wherein
  • the amplitude of the diaphragm corresponding to the frequency above the second frequency point is less than a preset threshold (the threshold can be set as needed, for example, can be 20% or 30% or 40% of the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm),
  • the medium-high frequency response can be enhanced by high-pass filtering and enhancing the signal at a frequency higher than the second frequency.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching enhancement processing algorithm for a microspeaker module with an additional phase inversion tube designed according to FIG.
  • the signals of the active sound source of the microspeaker module to which the inverter tube of the present invention is added are sequentially processed as follows: filtering out the very low frequency signal, enhancing the frequency band near the Fb, and performing notch filtering on the frequency band near the F0; Filter enhancement is performed in the high frequency region.
  • the steps of the four blocks shown in FIG. 6 are not limited to the current sequence shown in FIG. 6. In other embodiments of the present invention, the steps of the four blocks may be performed in any order.
  • Fb can be adjusted by changing the length and diameter of the pipe of the inverter tube;
  • F0 is adjusted by changing the properties of the active sound source diaphragm and the quality of the voice coil.
  • one or more parameters of the filter are adjusted in the matching enhancement process: Q value (quality factor), order, band attenuation parameter, and cutoff frequency.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of specific processing of the matching enhancement processing algorithm for the micro-speaker module with the added inverter tube in different frequency bands according to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .
  • the matching enhancement processing algorithm is specifically:
  • the F1 frequency point is a frequency point at which the active sound source amplitude curve of the micro-speaker module after the addition of the inverter tube reaches the allowable amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • the signal in a certain frequency band with Fb as the center frequency band is band-pass filtered and enhanced; the signal in the certain frequency band is a signal in the frequency range of F2 to F3.
  • the F2 and F3 frequency points are respectively two frequency points for the active sound source amplitude curve of the micro-speaker module after the addition of the inverted tube reaches a preset threshold.
  • the signal in a certain frequency band with F0 as the center frequency is subjected to notch filtering processing; the signal in the certain frequency band is a signal in the F3 to F4 frequency band.
  • the F3 and F4 frequency points are respectively two frequency points for the active sound source amplitude curve of the micro-speaker module after the addition of the inverted tube reaches a preset threshold.
  • the signal of the frequency above the F4 frequency point is high-pass filtered and enhanced; wherein the amplitude of the diaphragm corresponding to the frequency above the F4 frequency point is less than a preset threshold.
  • the specific values of the frequency points F1, F2, Fb, F3, F0 and F4 are determined according to the specific parameters of the microspeaker.
  • Fb is adjusted by changing the length and diameter of the pipe of the inverter tube
  • F0 is adjusted by changing the properties of the active source diaphragm and the quality of the voice coil.
  • the parameters such as Q value, order, band attenuation and cutoff frequency of the filter used can be determined by those skilled in the art according to actual needs and existing parameters of the microspeaker module (amplifier performance, speaker diaphragm and voice coil properties, etc.) Determine and simultaneously consider the electrical and mechanical properties of the system to adjust the upper limit of the algorithm compensation to prevent damage caused by excessive drive, which will not be detailed here.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • the microspeaker module includes a cavity 10 and an active sound source 20 disposed within the cavity 10, an inverter tube 30 and a matching enhancement unit 40.
  • the inverter tube 30 is disposed in the rear cavity 11 of the microspeaker module.
  • the rear cavity 11 of the present embodiment is the portion of the cavity 10 on the rear side of the active sound source 20, and the intake of the inverter tube 30 of the present invention.
  • the port 32 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the active sound source 20 in the rear cavity 11 such that the diaphragm of the active sound source 20 presses the air in the cavity 11 while the active sound source 20 is operating.
  • a second sound source is formed, and the second sound source and the active sound source 20 radiate together to improve the low frequency response of the microspeaker module.
  • the air flow in the inverter tube 30 can well derive the heat in the rear chamber 11, thereby effectively improving the reliability and power ceiling of the microspeaker module.
  • the microspeaker module of this embodiment is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverter tube 30 and the active sound source 20 are each independently radiated. More specifically, referring to FIG. 8, in the microspeaker module of the first embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet 32 of the inverter tube 30 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the active sound source 20 in the rear cavity 11.
  • the sound outlet 31 is provided at a position facing the sounding direction of the inverter tube 30, and the sound outlet 21 is provided at a position facing the sounding direction of the active sound source 20.
  • the sound outlet 31 and the sound outlet 21 are spaced apart from each other on the sound emitting side of the microspeaker.
  • the microspeaker module of the embodiment is small in size, and is particularly suitable for mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers. Therefore, the sound outlet of the inverter tube 30 of the embodiment is located at the sound outlet of the active sound source 20. The same side of the microspeaker module (ie, the sounding side).
  • the matching enhancement unit 40 is configured to perform matching enhancement processing on the input signal of the active sound source 20 according to the amplitude characteristic of the diaphragm (the diaphragm of the active sound source 20) of the microspeaker module after the addition of the inverter tube 30.
  • the matching enhancement unit 40 is an audio processing chip connected to the active sound source 20, and can of course be an audio processing circuit integrated in the active sound source 20.
  • the matching enhancement unit 40 of the present invention has A variety of implementations, can be implemented in software or hardware, can be implemented as analog or digital signals, but the core framework of the implementation should conform to Figure 5 and Figure 6, especially the Fb-centered bass enhancement.
  • the characteristics of the matching enhancement unit 40 of the present embodiment are based on the specific parameters of the active sound source 20. It should be further noted that, in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the frame of the active sound source outside 20 (ie, the frame outside the horn shape icon) indicates the position of the active sound source 20, and cannot be understood as the active sound source. There are closed boxes or other understandings outside the 20th.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the matching enhancement unit included in the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • the matching enhancement unit 40 includes a low frequency enhancement unit 42 that performs band pass filtering and enhancement processing on signals in a certain frequency band with Fb as a center frequency to achieve low frequency dive and bass enhancement; wherein Fb is after adding the phase inversion tube 30
  • the vibration amplitude curve of the microspeaker module of the micro-speaker module corresponds to a frequency at a low frequency corresponding to a frequency lower than a low-frequency resonance frequency (refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5), and performs a signal in a certain frequency band with Fb as a center frequency point.
  • Bandpass filtering and enhancement processing to enhance the low frequency response of the microspeaker module while still maintaining the vibration amplitude of the film within the necessary range further enhances the low frequency response of the microspeaker module.
  • the matching enhancement unit 40 further includes a very low frequency filtering unit 41, a low frequency reducing unit 43, and a high frequency enhancing unit 44.
  • the low-frequency filtering unit 41 filters out the signal below the first frequency point, and the first frequency point is a frequency lower than Fb, so as to filter out the signal in the frequency band below Fb that exceeds the allowable range of the active sound source diaphragm. .
  • the low frequency reducing unit 43 performs notch filtering on a signal in a certain frequency band having F0 as a center frequency point to prevent the diaphragm of the active sound source from being excessively large in the vicinity of F0.
  • the high-frequency enhancement unit 44 performs high-pass filtering and enhancement processing on signals above the second frequency point higher than F0, and further enhances the medium-high frequency output by utilizing the characteristics of the diaphragm of the active sound source having a small amplitude in the middle and high frequency bands. Therefore, the microspeaker module of the present invention increases the low frequency sensitivity through the inverter tube 30, and the frequency response of the microspeaker module over the entire frequency band is improved by the matching enhancement unit 40.
  • the very low frequency filtering unit 41 receives the signal input to the active sound source 20 of the micro speaker module and transmits the signal after filtering the signal below the first frequency point to the low frequency augment unit 42.
  • the low frequency enhancement unit 42 receives a signal from the very low frequency filtering unit 41 and transmits a signal subjected to band pass filtering and enhancement processing on a signal in a certain frequency band having Fb as a center frequency point to the low frequency reducing unit 43, and the low frequency reducing unit 43
  • the signal is received from the low frequency enhancement unit 42 and the signal after notch filtering the signal in a certain frequency band having F0 as the center frequency point is sent to the high frequency enhancement unit 44, and the high frequency enhancement unit 44 receives the signal from the low frequency reduction unit 43.
  • the signal above the second frequency point higher than F0 is subjected to high-pass filtering and enhanced processing to complete the matching enhancement processing of the signal input to the active sound source 20 of the micro-speaker module.
  • the signal connection relationship of the very low frequency filtering unit 41, the low frequency enhancing unit 42, the low frequency reducing unit 43, and the high frequency enhancing unit 44 can be adjusted as needed instead of the one shown in FIG.
  • the connection relationship is limited.
  • the microspeaker module shown in Figures 8, 10 and 11 of the present invention is capable of adjusting Fb by changing the length and diameter of the pipe of the inverter tube; and/or by adjusting the properties of the active source diaphragm and the quality of the voice coil. And, according to the values of Fb and F0 and the system power amplifier and diaphragm amplitude characteristics, adjust one or more parameters of the filter in the matching enhancement process: Q value, order, band attenuation parameter and cutoff frequency.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • the microspeaker module of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the microspeaker module of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the micro-speaker module of the second embodiment is designed for side sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted tube and the active sound source are independently radiated.
  • the intake port 32 of the inverter tube 30 is disposed in the rear chamber 11 and is provided with a sound outlet 31 at a position facing the inverter tube 30 and in a sound direction perpendicular to the active sound source 20.
  • the sound outlet 21 is provided at the position.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the microspeaker module of the present invention.
  • the microspeaker module of the third embodiment is substantially the same as the microspeaker module of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the microspeaker module of the third embodiment is designed for positive sounding, and the second sound source formed in the inverted phase tube and the active sound source share the front cavity to radiate together. More specifically, the intake port 32 of the inverter tube 30 is disposed at a position within the rear chamber 11 that is a predetermined distance from the active sound source 20, and is disposed at a position facing the sounding direction of the active sound source 20 The shared sound outlet 21 is provided.
  • the structural design of the third embodiment is simpler by the positive sounding design and the phase difference between the inverter tube 30 and the active sound source 20.
  • the invention further discloses an electronic device comprising the microspeaker module described in any of the preceding embodiments.
  • the electronic device of the present invention is an electronic device that is small in size and easy to carry.
  • the electronic device disclosed in the present invention is a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a flat panel television or a notebook computer.

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Abstract

一种增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法、微型扬声器模组和电子设备，用于提升微型扬声器模组的频率响应，增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法包括：在微型扬声器模组的后腔体（11）中增设倒相管（30），使得主动声源（20）工作时在倒相管（30）中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射；根据增设倒相管（30）后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。

Description

微型扬声器模组和增强其频率响应的方法以及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯声学领域，具体涉及一种微型扬声器模组、增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法和电子设备。
发明背景
目前通讯声学领域，尤其是移动终端设备（如手机、PAD、笔记本电脑等）的声学领域中，绝大多数的微型动圈类扬声器模组采用封闭式后腔设计，声学驱动组件被壳体包裹，整个扬声器模组后腔是封闭的。由于受后腔大小和产品体积所限，微型扬声器模组的低频谐振点F0高，无法提供足够低的低频下潜。相关的均衡器（EQ，equalizer）以及低音增强算法都是基于此种封闭箱微扬声器设计，在F0以下频带，由于受现有振膜振动幅度和元件尺寸的限制，无法实现真正物理意义上的低音增强且响度不足。
再者，一般而言，在微型扬声器模组中使用增强算法在放大电信号幅度时都会导致音圈和后腔温度升高，给系统可靠性带来隐患。现有的封闭式设计通常只有一个小的漏声口，无法起到散热的作用，热量一般通过大的金属盆架或导热片导出，而采用这种金属散热方式一般对设备周边电路特别是天线设计是有害的。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的一种增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法、微型扬声器模组和电子设备。
为达到上述目的本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
依据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法，该方法包括：
在微型扬声器模组的后腔体中增设倒相管，使得主动声源工作时在倒相管中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射；
其中，微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下频带出现振幅局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点；
根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。
可选地，所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
或者，
所述微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
或者，
所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射。
可选地，所述根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理包括：
滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号；
对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强；
对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大；
对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；和/或，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0；
以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种微型扬声器模组，该微型扬声器模组包括：腔体和设置在腔体内的主动声源、倒相管和匹配增强单元；
所述倒相管设置在后腔体中，使得主动声源工作时在倒相管中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射；
其中，微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下频带出现振幅局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点；
所述匹配增强单元，根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。
可选地，所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
或者，
所述微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
或者，
所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射。
可选地，所述匹配增强单元包括：
甚低频滤除单元，滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号；
低频增强单元，对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强；
低频削减单元，对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大；
高频增强单元，对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。
可选地，通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；和/或，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0；
以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及系统功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括如上所述的微型扬声器。
可选地，该电子设备为手机、平板电脑、平板电视或笔记本电脑。
根据本发明的技术方案，通过在微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管，令倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共同辐射使得微型扬声器模组的低频响应得以提升；型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下频带出现振幅局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点，根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理的技术方案，根据主动声源的振幅特性进行匹配的增加处理，使得微型扬声器模组的整个频带的频率响应都得到了很好的提升；同时通过在微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管能够将后腔中的热量很好地导出，有效提高系统可靠性和功率上限。
附图简要说明
图1示出了本发明一个实施例的增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法的流程图；
图2示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的频率响应曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的频率响应曲线的对比示意图；
图3示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的阻抗曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的阻抗曲线的对比示意图；
图4示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的薄膜振动幅度曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的薄膜振动幅度曲线的对比示意图；
图5是针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的如图4所示的振幅特性设计的匹配增强处理算法的示意图；
图6是根据图5设计的针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的匹配增强处理算法在不同频段的具体处理的示意图；
图7是根据图5和图6设计的针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的匹配增强处理算法在不同频段的具体处理的示意图；
图8示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第一实施例的示意图；
图9示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组所包括的匹配增强单元的框图；
图10示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第二实施例的示意图；以及
图11示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第三实施例的示意图。
实施本发明的方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
图1示出了本发明一个实施例的增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法的流程图。本实施例的方法包括：
S100、在微型扬声器模组的后腔体中增设倒相管，使得主动声源工作时在倒相管中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射。
具体地，通过在微型扬声器模组的主动声源后侧的后腔体中增设倒相管，使得主动声源工作时主动声源的振膜挤压后腔空气而在倒相管中形成第二声源，第二声源与主动声源共同辐射使得微型扬声器模组的低频响应得以提升。
在微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下的一段频带会出现振幅的局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点。
S200、根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。
本实施例中，步骤S200具体包括对主动声源的输入信号进行如下处理：对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强。
或者，本实施例中，步骤S200具体包括对主动声源的输入信号进行如下处理：滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的使振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号。对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强。对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大。对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。
本实施例中第一频点以下信号称为甚低频信号，指在此频带内振膜的振幅较大，超出主动声源振膜的允许范围（接近/达到/超过振膜允许的幅度）。滤除甚低频信号一般采用高通滤波器来实现，滤波截止频率，即第一频点，由主动声源的振膜的振幅曲线和振膜本身的性质决定，例如，可以选择使振幅曲线达到振膜允许的幅度的频率点为第一频点。
使用图1所示的方法增设倒相管所得到的微型扬声器模组，由于增设倒相管使得微型扬声器模组的频率响应在F0以下的低频段有了提升，且进一步通过匹配的增强处理使得微型扬声器模组的整个频带的频率响应都得到了很大的提升。图1所示的方法有效增强了微型扬声器模组的频率响应，提供了足够的低频下潜和响度，可广泛地应用于微电声领域，如手机、平板电脑、平板电视，和笔记本电脑等。
较佳地，所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射（如图8所示）。或者，所述微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射（如图10所示）。或者，所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射（如图11所示）。
图2示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的频率响应曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的频率响应曲线的对比示意图。其中，横轴为频率，实线为本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的频率响应曲线，点划线为传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的频率响应曲线。由图2可知，经过步骤S100处理（即增设倒相管）得到的微型扬声器模组，在低频谐振频率F0（参阅图5，约为600Hz）以下频段（例如，图2之中的300Hz~500Hz），低频灵敏度相比现有的封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组，有至少2dB的提升。即通过倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共同辐射使得微型扬声器模组的低频响应得以提升。
图3示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的阻抗曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的阻抗曲线的对比示意图。其中，横轴为频率，实线为本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的阻抗曲线，点划线为传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的阻抗曲线。可以很明显地看到在低频段，由于倒相管中形成的第二声源，在低频段的音圈振动幅度被限制，使得本发明的微型扬声器模组未对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理时在阻抗曲线上出现局部低点(在本实施例中为420Hz周围，将420Hz频率点称为Fb)。图4示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的薄膜振动幅度曲线与传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的薄膜振动幅度曲线的对比的示意图。其中，横轴为频率，实线为本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时的薄膜振动幅度曲线，点划线为传统封闭箱设计微型扬声器模组的薄膜振动幅度曲线。可以很明显地看到在低频段，由于倒相管中形成的第二声源，使得本发明的微型扬声器模组未对输入微型扬声器的主动声源的信号进行匹配增强处理时在低频处存在振幅的局部最低点Fb (420Hz)。根据这样的特性，在本发明的实施例中设计了如图5所示的匹配增强处理算法。
图5是针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的如图4所示的振幅特性而设计的匹配增强处理算法的示意图。参见图5，该匹配增强处理算法具体为：
S1、通过滤除第一频点以下的信号（图5之中的低频大振幅区域的信号，即频率小于350Hz的信号）以滤除Fb以下频带中的会使振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号。
第一频点是低于Fb的频点，这里将第一频点以下信号称为甚低频信号，指在此频带内振膜的振幅较大，超出主动声源振膜的允许范围（接近/到达/超过振膜允许的幅度）。滤除甚低频信号一般采用高通滤波器来实现，滤波截止频率由主动声源的振膜的振幅曲线和振膜本身的性质决定；例如，令滤波截止频率为第一频点，可以选择低于Fb，并且使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到振膜允许的幅度的频率点为第一频点和滤波截止频率。
S2、对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号（图5之中的包括420Hz的一个频带内的信号）进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强。
利用如图5所示的Fb区域振膜振幅出现低谷的特点，对此频带信号进行增强，由此实现低频下潜和低音增强，同时仍能够令薄膜振动幅度维持在必要的范围内（本实施例的薄膜振动幅度所维持在的必要的范围根据微型扬声器模组的元件尺寸而定）；其中，Fb为增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线在F0以下低频处的振幅最低点对应的频率点（在本实施例中Fb为420Hz），上述以Fb为中心频点的一定频带，能够通过预设的阈值和增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线而定，例如，可以选择使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到预设的阈值（阈值根据需要进行设定，例如，能够是振膜允许的幅度的60%或70%）的两个频率点为频带的两个端点。
S3、对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号（图5之中的包括600Hz的一个频带内的信号）进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大。
由于F0附近的振膜振幅较大，处理上不宜过度增强，因此此处进行陷波滤波，防止振幅过大；其中，F0为增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的低频谐振点（在本实施例中F0为600Hz）。上述以F0为中心频点的一定频带，能够通过预设的阈值和增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线而定，例如，可以选择使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到预设的阈值（阈值根据需要进行设定，例如，能够是振膜允许的幅度的40%或60%）的两个频率点为频带的两个端点。
S4、对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号（图5之中的高频小振幅区域的信号，即频率大于1KHz的信号）进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，以利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，增强中高频响应。由于在高频段振膜振幅较小，因此此处对高频信号进行增强处理。第二频点是高于F0的频点，根据振幅特性可知高于F0的频率下，振膜的振幅随频率增大而减小，因此，可以选择高于F0的第二频点，其中第二频点以上的频率所对应的振膜的振幅小于一个预设的阈值（所述阈值能够根据需要进行设定，例如，能够是振膜允许的幅度的20%或30%或40%），通过对频率高于第二频点的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理能够增强中高频响应。
因此借助如图5所示的算法，整个系统的频率响应有很大的提升。
图6是根据图5设计的针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的匹配增强处理算法的示意图。参见图6，依次对输入本发明的增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的信号进行如下处理：滤除甚低频信号、Fb附近频带进行增强滤波、F0附近频带进行陷波滤波以及在高频区进行滤波增强。需要说明的是图6所示4个方框的步骤不限于目前图6所示的顺序，在本发明的其他实施例中，这4个方框的步骤可以按照任意次序进行。
进一步地，可以通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0。以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值（品质因数）、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
本发明中的匹配增强处理和滤波放大方式有多种实现方式。可以软件或者硬件实现，可以模拟或者数字信号实现，但实现的核心框架都应符合图5和图6，特别是以Fb为中心低音增强的部分。
图7是根据图5和图6设计的针对增设倒相管的微型扬声器模组的匹配增强处理算法在不同频段的具体处理的示意图。参见图7，在本实施例中，匹配增强处理算法具体为：
滤除F1频率点以下频率的信号；以滤除Fb以下频带中的会使振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号。其中，F1频率点为使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到振膜允许的幅度的频率点。
对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理；所述一定频带内的信号，为F2～F3频带范围内的信号。其中，F2和F3频率点分别为使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到预设的阈值的两个频率点。
对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波处理；所述一定频带内的信号，为F3～F4频带范围内的信号。其中，F3和F4频率点分别为使增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源振幅曲线达到预设的阈值的两个频率点。
对F4频率点以上频率的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理；其中，F4频率点以上的频率所对应的振膜的振幅小于一个预设的阈值。
其中，F1 < F2 < Fb < F3 < F0 < F4；
各频率点F1、F2、Fb、F3、F0和F4的具体取值根据微型扬声器的具体参数而定。
例如，通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量对F0进行调节。而采用的滤波器的Q值、阶数、频带衰减和截止频率等参数，本领域的技术人员可以根据实际需求以及微型扬声器模组的已有参数（放大器性能、扬声器振膜和音圈性质等）确定，同时综合考虑系统电气和机械性能来调整算法补偿的上限，防止过分驱动对器件造成损害，这里不再详述。
图8示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第一实施例的示意图。该微型扬声器模组包括腔体10和设置在腔体10内的主动声源20，倒相管30和匹配增强单元40。
倒相管30设置在微型扬声器模组的后腔体11中，本实施例的后腔体11为腔体10的在主动声源20后侧的部分，本发明的倒相管30的进气口32设置在后腔体11内与主动声源20相距预设距离的位置，使得主动声源20工作时主动声源20的振膜挤压后腔体11中的空气而在倒相管30中形成第二声源，第二声源与主动声源20共同辐射使得微型扬声器模组的低频响应得以提升。而且倒相管30内的气流可以将后腔11中的热量很好地导出，从而有效提高微型扬声器模组的可靠性和功率上限。
本实施例的微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管30中形成的第二声源与主动声源20各自独立辐射。更具体地，参阅图8，本发明第一实施例的微型扬声器模组中，倒相管30的进气口32设置在后腔体11内的与主动声源20相距预设距离的位置，并在正对倒相管30的出声方向的位置设置有出声口31，在正对主动声源20的出声方向的位置处设置有出声口21。出声口31与出声口21在微型扬声器的发声侧相间隔地设置。
较佳地，本实施例的微型扬声器模组元件尺寸小，尤其适用于手机、平板电脑等移动设备，因此本实施例的倒相管30的出声口与主动声源20的出声口位于微型扬声器模组的同一侧（即发声侧）。
匹配增强单元40，用于根据增设倒相管30后的所述微型扬声器模组的振膜（主动声源20的振膜）的振幅特性，对主动声源20的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。本实施例中，匹配增强单元40为连接主动声源20的音频处理芯片，当然也能够是集成在主动声源20中的音频处理电路，需要进一步说明的是，本发明的匹配增强单元40有多种实现方式，可以软件或者硬件实现，可以模拟或者数字信号实现，但实现的核心框架都应符合图5和图6，特别是以Fb为中心低音增强的部分。本实施例的匹配增强单元40的特性是根据主动声源20的具体参数而定的。需要进一步说明的是，在图8、图10和图11中，主动声源外20的边框（即喇叭形状图标外的边框）表示的是主动声源20的位置，而不能理解为主动声源20外有封闭框或者其它的理解。
图9示出了本发明的微型扬声器模组所包括的匹配增强单元的框图。匹配增强单元40包括低频增强单元42，对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强；其中Fb为增设倒相管30后的所述微型扬声器模组的振膜振动幅度曲线在低频处的波谷对应的小于低频谐振频率的频率（参阅图4、图5），在对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理以提升微型扬声器模组的低频响应的同时，仍能够令薄膜振动幅度维持在必要的范围内，进一步提升微型扬声器模组的低频响应。
进一步地，匹配增强单元40还包括甚低频滤除单元41、低频削减单元43和高频增强单元44。
其中，甚低频滤除单元41，滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号。低频削减单元43，对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大。高频增强单元44，对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。因此本发明的微型扬声器模组，通过倒相管30使得低频灵敏度提高，以及通过匹配增强单元40使微型扬声器模组在整个频带的频率响应都得到了提升。
进一步地，本实施例中，甚低频滤除单元41接收输入所述微型扬声器模组的主动声源20的信号并将滤除第一频点以下的信号之后的信号发送至低频增强单元42，低频增强单元42自甚低频滤除单元41接收信号并将对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理之后的信号发送至低频削减单元43，低频削减单元43自低频增强单元42接收信号并将对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波处理之后的信号发送至高频增强单元44，高频增强单元44自低频削减单元43接收信号并对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理从而完成对输入所述微型扬声器模组的主动声源20的信号的匹配增强处理。
然而，本领域技术人员应了解的是，甚低频滤除单元41、低频增强单元42、低频削减单元43和高频增强单元44的信号连接关系可以根据需要进行调整而不以图9所示的连接关系为限。
在本发明图8、图10和图11中所示的微型扬声器模组能够通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；和/或，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0；以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及系统功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
图10示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第二实施例的示意图。第二实施例的微型扬声器模组与如图8所示的第一实施例的微型扬声器模组大致相同。其中，第二实施例的微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射。更具体地，倒相管30的进气口32设置在后腔11内，并在正对倒相管30的位置处设置有出声口31以及在垂直于主动声源20的出声方向的位置处设置有出声口21。通过侧出声设计，以及出声口31和出声口21相邻，有利于元件的轻薄化。
图11示出了本发明微型扬声器模组的第三实施例的示意图。第三实施例的微型扬声器模组与如图8所示的第一实施例的微型扬声器模组大致相同。其中，第三实施例的微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射。更具体地，倒相管30的进气口32设置在后腔11内的与主动声源20相距预设距离的位置，并在正对主动声源20的出声方向的位置处设置有一个共用的出声口21。通过正出声设计并且倒相管30和主动声源20共用前腔，第三实施例的结构设计更加简单。
本发明进一步公开了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括前述任一个实施例中所述的微型扬声器模组。其中，本发明的电子设备为尺寸较小、易携带的电子设备。较佳地，本发明公开的电子设备为手机、平板电脑、平板电视或笔记本电脑。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种增强微型扬声器模组频率响应的方法，其中，该方法包括：
    在微型扬声器模组的后腔体中增设倒相管，使得主动声源工作时在倒相管中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射；
    其中，微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下频带出现振幅局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点；
    根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，
    所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
    或者，
    所述微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
    或者，
    所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理包括：
    滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号；
    对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强；
    对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大；
    对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；和/或，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0；
    以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
  5. 一种微型扬声器模组，该微型扬声器模组包括：腔体和设置在腔体内的主动声源，其中，该微型扬声器模组还包括：倒相管和匹配增强单元；
    所述倒相管设置在后腔体中，使得主动声源工作时在倒相管中形成第二声源，该第二声源与主动声源共同辐射；
    其中，微型扬声器模组中增设倒相管后，主动声源的振膜的振幅在谐振频点F0以下频带出现振幅局部低谷，该局部低谷的最低点对应Fb频点；
    所述匹配增强单元，根据增设倒相管后的微型扬声器模组的主动声源的振膜的振幅特性，对主动声源的输入信号进行匹配增强处理。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的微型扬声器模组，其中，
    所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
    或者，
    所述微型扬声器模组为侧出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源各自独立辐射；
    或者，
    所述微型扬声器模组为正出声设计，倒相管中形成的第二声源与主动声源共用前腔共同辐射。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的微型扬声器模组，其中，所述匹配增强单元包括：
    甚低频滤除单元，滤除第一频点以下的信号，第一频点是低于Fb的频点，以滤除Fb以下频带中的振幅超出主动声源振膜允许范围的信号；
    低频增强单元，对以Fb为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行带通滤波并进行增强处理，以实现低频下潜和低音增强；
    低频削减单元，对以F0为中心频点的一定频带内的信号进行陷波滤波，以避免主动声源的振膜在F0附近振幅过大；
    高频增强单元，对高于F0的第二频点以上的信号进行高通滤波并进行增强处理，利用主动声源的振膜在中高频段振幅较小的特性，进一步增强中高频输出。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的微型扬声器模组，其中，
    通过改变倒相管的管道长度和口径调节Fb；和/或，通过改变主动声源振膜性质和音圈质量调节F0；
    以及，根据Fb和F0的取值以及系统功率放大器和振膜振幅特性，在匹配增强处理中调节滤波器的如下一项或多项参数：Q值、阶数、频带衰减参数和截止频率。
  9. 一种电子设备，其中，该电子设备包括如权利要求5至8任一项所述的微型扬声器模组。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电子设备，其中，该电子设备为手机、平板电脑、平板电视或笔记本电脑。
PCT/CN2014/079266 2013-11-19 2014-06-05 微型扬声器模组和增强其频率响应的方法以及电子设备 WO2015074401A1 (zh)

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