WO2015064682A1 - 金属体付きサファイア構造体、金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法、電子機器、および外装体 - Google Patents
金属体付きサファイア構造体、金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法、電子機器、および外装体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015064682A1 WO2015064682A1 PCT/JP2014/078878 JP2014078878W WO2015064682A1 WO 2015064682 A1 WO2015064682 A1 WO 2015064682A1 JP 2014078878 W JP2014078878 W JP 2014078878W WO 2015064682 A1 WO2015064682 A1 WO 2015064682A1
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- metal body
- metal
- sapphire structure
- flat surface
- sapphire
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 23
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0603—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a piezoelectric bender, e.g. bimorph
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/04—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their crystalline structure, e.g. polycrystalline, cubic or particular orientation of crystalline planes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
- G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
- G06F1/1656—Details related to functional adaptations of the enclosure, e.g. to provide protection against EMI, shock, water, or to host detachable peripherals like a mouse or removable expansions units like PCMCIA cards, or to provide access to internal components for maintenance or to removable storage supports like CDs or DVDs, or to mechanically mount accessories
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
- G06F1/20—Cooling means
- G06F1/203—Cooling means for portable computers, e.g. for laptops
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/44—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/38 - H01L21/428
- H01L21/441—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/34—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies not provided for in groups H01L21/0405, H01L21/0445, H01L21/06, H01L21/16 and H01L21/18 with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/46—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428
- H01L21/461—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/428 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/465—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/20—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators
- H10N30/204—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices with electrical input and mechanical output, e.g. functioning as actuators or vibrators using bending displacement, e.g. unimorph, bimorph or multimorph cantilever or membrane benders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sapphire structure with a metal body, a method for manufacturing a sapphire structure with a metal body, an electronic device, and an exterior body.
- Sapphire which is a single crystal of alumina, has a crystal lattice constant close to that of gallium nitride (GaN), which is a material for LED elements, and is widely used as a growth substrate for gallium nitride crystals for producing LED elements.
- GaN gallium nitride
- Sapphire also has properties such as high hardness, resistance to scratches, high thermal conductivity, high light transmission, and low dielectric loss, in addition to the fact that the crystal lattice constant is close to that of gallium nitride crystals. Development of various devices using these properties of sapphire is underway.
- Patent Document 1 describes an example of an eddy current sensor in which a patterned metal layer is provided on the surface of an insulating substrate, and a sapphire substrate is cited as an example of the insulating substrate.
- a metal layer is formed on the surface of the sapphire substrate.
- Metallization technology for forming a metal layer on the surface of a general ceramic substrate such as an alumina sintered body has been improved for a long time.
- a technology for forming a metal layer with high bonding strength on the surface of an alumina sintered substrate It has been known.
- a technique for forming a metal layer on the surface of a substrate made of sapphire that is a single crystal has not been sufficiently established, a metal layer is formed on the surface of a sapphire substrate as described in Patent Document 1 below.
- a sapphire structure having a flat surface and having a recess provided in the flat surface, and a metal body disposed inside the recess and joined to the inner surface of the recess,
- the metal body has a surface portion that is flush with the flat surface, and provides a metal-equipped sapphire structure.
- the sapphire structure coated with the metal paste is heated to evaporate the solvent contained in the metal paste and bind the metal particles to each other, and is disposed inside the recess and bonded to the inner surface of the recess Forming the metal body, and polishing the flat surface and the surface of the metal body, and in the polishing step, simultaneously polishing the surface of the metal body together with the flat surface,
- a method for producing a sapphire structure with a metal body wherein at least a part of the surface of the metal body is flush with the flat surface.
- the metal body It is difficult for the metal body to peel off from the sapphire structure, and other members can be brought into contact with the sapphire substrate surface relatively easily.
- the metal-attached sapphire structure in which the metal body is difficult to separate from the sapphire structure can be manufactured relatively easily with a small number of steps.
- (A) And (b) is a figure explaining one Embodiment of a sapphire structure with a metal body
- (a) is a schematic perspective view
- (b) is a schematic sectional drawing. It is sectional drawing of one Embodiment of the apparatus comprised using the sapphire structure with a metal body shown in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG.1 (b). It is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 3 of other embodiment of the sapphire structure with a metal body. It is sectional drawing of one Embodiment of the member with a metal pattern using the sapphire structure with a metal body.
- (A)-(e) is sectional drawing which shows one Embodiment of the manufacturing method of a sapphire structure with a metal body.
- (A) is a perspective view of a back surface side panel,
- (b) is sectional drawing. It is a figure of other embodiment of the sapphire structure with a metal body, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing.
- FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of an electronic device.
- A is a top view showing the structure of the piezoelectric vibration element
- (b) is a side view
- (c) and (d) are side views showing the state of the piezoelectric vibration element during operation.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are diagrams illustrating a sapphire structure 10 with a metal body (hereinafter also simply referred to as a structure 10 with a metal body), which is an embodiment of a sapphire structure with a metal body.
- A is a schematic perspective view
- (b) is a schematic sectional drawing.
- the structure 10 with a metal body has a flat surface 11A, a sapphire structure 11 in which a recess 12 is provided on the flat surface 11A, and a metal body 20 disposed inside the recess 12 and joined to the inner surface 13 of the recess 12.
- the metal body 20 includes a surface portion 20A that is flush with the flat surface 11A.
- the sapphire structure 11 is a plate-like body having the flat surface 11A as the first main surface, and has a second main surface 11B located on the opposite side of the flat surface 11A as the first main surface. Yes.
- Sapphire structure 11 is made of sapphire is a single crystal of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3), and includes aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) more than 75 wt%.
- the sapphire structure further contains, for example, 95% by mass or more of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ).
- Al 2 O 3 aluminum oxide
- the flat surface 11A and the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 are flush with each other means that the height difference between the flat surface 11A and the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 is less than ⁇ 500 ⁇ m.
- the difference in height between the flat surface 11A and the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 is preferably less than ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
- the difference in height is more preferably less than ⁇ 10 ⁇ m, further preferably less than ⁇ 1 ⁇ m, and further preferably less than ⁇ 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the metal body 20 is mainly composed of silver (Ag).
- the metal body 20 contains copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti).
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 that is flush with the flat surface 11A as compared with the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the flat surface 11A. Is big.
- the arithmetic average roughness of the flat surface 11A is preferably 10 nm or less, and more specifically, the arithmetic average roughness of the flat surface 11A is preferably 1 nm or less.
- the metal body 20 is disposed inside the recess 12 and joined to the inner surface 13 of the recess 12, and the metal body 20 is difficult to peel off from the structure 10.
- the arithmetic average roughness may be a value measured by a measuring method based on JIS standard B0601-2001.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an apparatus configured using the structure 10 with a metal body.
- the first device 30 and the second device 40 are mounted on the structure 10 with a metal body, and the first device 30 and the second device are used using the metal body 20 as electric wiring. 40 is electrically connected.
- the first device 30 shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, a drive circuit element having an electrode 32
- the second device 40 is, for example, an LED light emitting element having an electrode 42. Since the metal body 20 includes the surface portion 20A that is flush with the flat surface 11A, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, other members such as the first device 30 and the second device 40 are attached to the structure 10 with the metal body.
- the first device 30 and the second device are almost free from gaps due to steps. 40 can be brought into contact with the structure 10 with a metal body. Since the sapphire structure 11 is made of sapphire and has high thermal conductivity, a part of the first device 30 or the second device 40 is brought into contact with the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 with a small gap, thereby allowing the first device. 30 and the heat generated from the second device 40 can be efficiently released from the sapphire structure 11, and the operation reliability of the first device 30 and the second device 40 can be increased.
- the light transmission of the sapphire structure 11 is high, in the device 1, light emitted from the second device 40 that is an LED light-emitting element passes through the sapphire structure 11 and is wide in the lower side in FIG. Irradiation is also possible.
- the apparatus 1 since there is no extra gap between the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 and the second device 40, there is no difference in refractive index between the air layer and the sapphire structure 11 that exists when there is a gap. It is also possible to irradiate a large amount of light on the lower side in FIG. 2 while suppressing excessive reflected light.
- the first device 30 and the second device 40 may be, for example, a transmitter or a receiver for transmitting and receiving an electromagnetic wave signal wirelessly. Since sapphire has a low dielectric loss, even when such a transmitter or receiver is mounted on the sapphire structure 11, electromagnetic waves can be transmitted and received with a small loss over a wide range. Thus, there is no limitation in particular in the kind of the 1st device 30 or the 2nd device 40, It is possible to mount various devices and apparatuses.
- the use of the structure 10 with a metal body is not limited to being used by mounting other devices and equipment such as the first device 30 and the second device 40.
- the structure 10 with a metal body has a characteristic appearance, in which the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 having a high light transmittance and the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 having metallic luster are flush with each other. Yes.
- this metal-equipped structure 10 is used for a part of a housing that covers a device capable of transmitting and receiving wireless signals, the wireless signal transmission / reception sensitivity is high and the housing is high in strength and difficult to break. It is also possible to configure a transmission / reception device having an excellent design with a characteristic appearance.
- the structure 10 with a metal body can be used for various uses.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the surface portion 20A flush with the flat surface 11A is larger than the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the flat surface 11A.
- the anchor effect due to surface irregularities causes the solder layer and the metallized layer to The bonding strength with the surface portion 20A is relatively high.
- the metal body 20 is difficult to peel off from the recess 12, and when the first device 30 and the second device 40 are mounted, the first device 30, the second device 40, and the metal body 20 have a sapphire structure. 11 is difficult to peel off.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG.
- the metal body 20 has silver (Ag) as a main component.
- the metal body 20 contains silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). Since the metal body 20 contains silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), the bonding strength between the metal body 20 and the sapphire structure 11 is relatively strong.
- the metal body 20 contains copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti).
- silver (Ag) is preferable in terms of low electrical resistance and high conductivity.
- the hardness of the metal body 20 is made higher by the metal body 20 containing copper (Cu) compared with the case where it consists only of silver (Ag).
- the metal body 20 contains titanium (Ti)
- the bonding strength between the metal body 20 and the inner surface 13 of the recess 12 is relatively high.
- a bonding layer 22 containing titanium (Ti) as a main component is formed in a bonding region where the metal body 20 is bonded to the inner surface 13, and the metal body 20 and the inner surface 13 are relatively It is strongly joined.
- the inner surface 13 of the recess 12 has a bottom surface 13 ⁇ and a side surface 13 ⁇ , and further has a surface (inclined surface 13 ⁇ ) inclined with respect to the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ between the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ .
- the bottom surface 13 ⁇ is substantially parallel to the flat surface 11A
- the side surface 13 ⁇ is substantially perpendicular to the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the flat surface 11A.
- the inclined surface 13 ⁇ is connected to the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ .
- the joint portion between the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ is a corner where the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ are in perpendicular contact with each other.
- the inclined surface 13 ⁇ the inclined surface 13 ⁇ and the bottom surface 13 ⁇ are in contact with each other so as to form a gentle obtuse angle
- the inclined surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ are in contact with each other so as to form a gentle obtuse angle.
- the stress due to the thermal expansion is less likely to be concentrated on the portion that contacts at such an obtuse angle.
- stress concentration due to thermal expansion of the metal body 20 is suppressed, and breakage such as cracks is also suppressed.
- the inclined surface 13 ⁇ is inclined with respect to the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ , and the arithmetic surface roughness is larger than both the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ . Since the arithmetic surface roughness of the inclined surface 13 ⁇ is large, that is, the unevenness of the surface of the inclined surface 13 ⁇ is relatively large, the metal body 20 is relatively firmly bonded to the inclined surface 13 ⁇ by the anchor effect, and the metal body 20 Is more difficult to peel from the recess 12.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a sapphire structure with a metal body.
- the sapphire structure 11 is a plate-like body having a flat surface 11A as a first main surface, and through holes 15 having openings in the bottom surface 13 ⁇ of the recess 12 and the second main surface 11B. Have. Further, a via conductor 17 made of metal provided in the through hole 15 is provided.
- the first device 30 disposed on the flat surface 11 ⁇ / b> A side and the second device 40 disposed on the second main surface 11 ⁇ / b> B side are electrically connected through the via conductor 17 and the metal body 20. Can be made.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a member with a metal pattern using a sapphire structure with a metal body.
- a member 50 with a metal pattern shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by arranging a metal layer 24 such as gold (Au) plating on the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 of the structure 10 with a metal body.
- a metal layer 24 such as gold (Au) plating on the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 of the structure 10 with a metal body.
- Au gold
- FIGS. 6A to 6E are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of a method for producing a sapphire structure with a metal body.
- a step of applying a metal paste 19 containing metal particles 21 and a solvent 18 in the recess 12 see FIG. 6C
- heating the sapphire structure 11 coated with the metal paste 19 to form a metal.
- a step of evaporating the solvent 18 contained in the paste 19 and bonding the metal particles 21 together to form a metal body 20 disposed inside the recess 12 and joined to the inner surface 13 of the recess 12 (FIG. 6D).
- Reference) and a step of polishing the flat surface 11A and the surface 20A of the metal body 20 (FIG. 6E).
- the surface 20A of the metal body 20 is simultaneously polished together with the flat surface 11A. That by metal At least a portion of the surface 20A of 20 the flat surface 11A and flush.
- a sapphire structure 11 having a flat surface 11A for example, a substantially disc-shaped sapphire substrate having a thickness of 600 ⁇ m is prepared.
- a part of the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 is processed by, for example, milling using a so-called machining center device to form a recess 12 in the flat surface 11A.
- a portion corresponding to the concave portion 12 of the sapphire structure 11 is ground by moving a so-called diamond electrodeposition tool to which diamond abrasive grains are attached while rotating.
- the depth of the recess 12 is, for example, about 120 ⁇ m.
- Sapphire is a hard-to-process material with high hardness, and the surface after milling is not likely to be relatively flat.
- the inclined surface 13 ⁇ of the inner surface 13 of the recess 12 is less likely to hit the diamond electrodeposition tool more stably than the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ . Therefore, the inclined surface 13 ⁇ can be easily inclined and the bottom surface 13 ⁇ and the side surface 13 ⁇ The arithmetic surface roughness of the inclined surface 13 ⁇ is larger than both.
- the entire sapphire structure 11 is heated to, for example, 1650 ° C., and an annealing process is performed to maintain the temperature of, for example, 1500 to 1800 ° C. for about 3 hours. By this annealing treatment, the internal stress remaining on the inner surface 13 of the recess 12 after milling can be reduced.
- a metal paste 19 containing metal particles 21 and a solvent 18 is applied in the formed recess 12 using a brush member for applying a metal paste.
- the metal paste 19 is applied so that the surface of the metal paste 19 disposed in the recess 12 is positioned on the bottom surface 13 ⁇ side of the recess 12 with respect to the flat surface 11A.
- the metal paste 19 is applied in the recess 12 so that the thickness is 60 ⁇ m or more and less than 120 ⁇ m.
- the metal particles 21 have silver (Ag) as a main component, and the metal paste 19 further contains silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) together with a solvent.
- the metal paste 19 further includes copper (Cu) particles, and further includes titanium (Ti) particles.
- the metal paste 19 contains about 65% by mass of silver (Ag) particles, about 28% by mass of copper (Cu) particles, and titanium (Ti) particles, and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) particles and the solvent 18 are mixed. What is necessary is just to use.
- the sapphire structure 11 to which the metal paste 19 has been applied is heated to, for example, 600 ° C. to 900 ° C. to evaporate the solvent 18 contained in the metal paste 19 and the metal particles 21. They are joined together to form a metal body 20 that is disposed inside the recess 12 and joined to the inner surface 13 of the recess 12.
- the metal paste 19 contains copper (Cu)
- a compound of silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) is formed by firing, and the metal body 20 has a structure that is made of only silver (Ag). Hardness is higher.
- the metal body 20 contains titanium (Ti)
- a bonding layer 22 containing titanium (Ti) as a main component is formed in a bonding region where the metal body 20 is bonded to the inner surface 13 by firing. 13 is relatively strongly joined.
- silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) is contained in the metal paste 19, this silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) component is diffused to the sapphire structure 11 side by firing, and the metal body 20 and the sapphire structure 11 are joined. Strength is relatively strong. After firing, the whole is washed with an organic solvent or pure water as necessary.
- This polishing process includes a first stage in which the flat surface 11A is polished while the metal body 20 is not polished, and a second stage in which the flat surface 11A and the metal body 20 are simultaneously polished.
- a copper plate is used as a polishing pad, and mechanical polishing is performed using diamond abrasive grains having a grain size of about 1 to 3 ⁇ m as abrasive grains.
- the first stage only the portion of the flat surface 11A that protrudes from the surface 20A of the metal body 20 is selectively polished so that the flat surface 11A after polishing is flush with the surface 20A of the metal body 20.
- chemical mechanical polishing is performed using colloidal silica abrasive grains having a grain size of about 20 to 80 ⁇ m as abrasive grains for polishing.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- not only the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 but also the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 are simultaneously polished.
- the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 made of alumina single crystal (sapphire) is flattened with high accuracy.
- the arithmetic average roughness of the flat surface 11A of the sapphire structure 11 can be 10 nm or less, and further, the arithmetic average roughness of the flat surface 11A can be 1 nm or less.
- the metal body 20 is a layer formed by bonding the metal particles 17 in the metal paste 19 described above, and in the polishing by chemical mechanical polishing, the polishing proceeds so that the metal particles 17 are partially peeled off. . For this reason, the surface portion 20A of the metal body 20 after chemical mechanical polishing has irregularities according to the shape of the metal particles 17, and the flat surface 11A is compared with the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the flat surface 11A.
- the arithmetic average roughness (Ra) of the flush surface portion 20A is increased.
- the structure 10 with a metal body can be manufactured through the above processes, for example.
- coating the metal paste 19 in the recessed part 12 using the sapphire structure 11 in which the through-hole 15 was formed previously for example
- a step of filling the metal paste 19 in the through hole 15 may be provided.
- Other conditions are not particularly limited.
- FIGS. 7 to 11 are views showing the external appearance of an electronic device configured by using one embodiment of the above-described structure with a metal body.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view
- FIG. 8 is a front view
- FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view in an exploded state.
- FIG. 11A is a perspective view of the back panel 104 as viewed from the inside of the housing 103
- FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along a plane including the line BB.
- the electronic device 101 according to the present embodiment is a portable device such as a smartphone, for example, and can communicate with other communication devices through a base station, a server, and the like.
- the shape of the electronic device 101 is a substantially rectangular plate shape in plan view.
- An exterior 300 of the electronic device 101 includes a front panel 102, a housing 103, and a back panel 104.
- the front panel 102 is made of a hard material with transparency.
- the front panel 102 is mainly composed of sapphire.
- Sapphire has characteristics such as being hard to be scratched, hard to break, high transparency, and high thermal conductivity compared to tempered glass and the like.
- the front panel 102 includes a display area 102a and a peripheral area 102b.
- Various information such as characters, symbols, graphics, and images displayed by the display device 112 described later is visually recognized by the user through the display area 102a in the front panel 102.
- a touch panel 113 described later is attached to the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 102.
- the user can give various instructions to the electronic device 101 by operating the display area 102a of the front panel 102 with a finger or the like.
- a piezoelectric vibration element 114 and a microphone 115 are attached to the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 102.
- the housing 103 constitutes a part of the side surface portion of the electronic device 101.
- the housing 103 is mainly composed of, for example, sapphire, like the front panel 102.
- sapphire like the front panel 102.
- a metal may be a main component, or only a part may be formed of sapphire, which is not particularly limited.
- materials other than the housing 103 are not particularly limited.
- the back panel 104 is an embodiment of the sapphire structure with metal body described above.
- the back panel 104 has a flat surface (first main surface 172), a sapphire structure 140 having a flat surface (first main surface 172) provided with a concave portion 141, and a concave portion disposed inside the concave portion 141.
- 141 has a metal body 142 joined to an inner surface 143, and the metal body 142 includes a surface portion 142A that is flush with a flat surface (first main surface 172).
- the back panel 104 is plate-shaped and has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view.
- the back side panel 104 constitutes the back side of the electronic device 1.
- the back surface side panel 104 has a first main surface 172 constituting the back surface of the electronic device 101 and a second main surface 173 located on the opposite side of the first main surface 172.
- FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the electronic device 101.
- some of the components included in the electronic device 101 such as a plurality of cables (or conductors) and a piezoelectric vibration element 114 that connect the plurality of electronic components to each other are omitted.
- a bonding layer is formed between the bonding surface of the front panel 102 and the bonding surface of the housing 103, and the bonding surface of the front panel 102 and the housing 103 are bonded via the bonding layer. The surface is joined.
- a bonding layer is also formed between the bonding surface of the housing 103 and the bonding surface of the back panel 104, and the bonding surface of the housing 103 and the bonding surface of the back panel 104 are interposed via the bonding layer. Are joined.
- the exterior 300 is configured by the front side panel 102, the housing 103, and the back side panel 104 .
- the exterior 300 is configured by combining three members. It may not be an aspect.
- the exterior 300 may be configured by only one or two members, or may be configured by combining four or more members.
- a touch panel 113, a piezoelectric vibration element 114, and a microphone 115 are attached to the inner main surface 171 of the front side panel 102 with a double-sided tape or the like.
- the display device 112 is disposed to face the front side panel 102 and the touch panel 113 (more specifically, the front side panel 102 to which the touch panel 113 is attached).
- a printed circuit board 117 and a battery 116 on which various components such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 201 and a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 201 are mounted are arranged on the back side of the display device 112. Although not shown in FIG. 10, the printed circuit board 117 is electrically connected to components included in the electronic device 101 such as the touch panel 113 by a cable.
- the back side panel 104 is arrange
- the battery 116 is connected to the charging terminal 106 by a metal body 142 embedded in the back panel 104 (FIG. 11A).
- the exterior 300 constituted by the front side panel 102, the housing 103, and the back side panel 104 accommodates electronic devices such as the CPU 201 and the DSP 202.
- Devices in the exterior 300 may generate heat during operation.
- sapphire constituting the exterior 300 has higher heat dissipation than a resin often used as a material for the exterior of an electronic device. Therefore, during operation of the device, heat generated from the device can be efficiently radiated to the outside of the electronic device 101 through the exterior 300.
- a metal body 142 having a surface flush with the first main surface 172 is disposed on the back surface of the electronic device 101, and the metal body 142 includes the antenna 105 (antennas 105 a and 105 b), the charging terminal 106, and the like. Is configured. Further, a lens 107 a included in the imaging unit 107 is disposed to face the second main surface 173 of the back panel 104. Since the sapphire member has a high light transmittance, the back panel 104 is a sapphire member, so that the imaging unit 107 housed in the exterior 300 can take an image.
- the back panel 104 has a through-hole 175 having openings in the bottom surface 141 ⁇ of the recess 141 and the second main surface 173. Further, a via conductor 217 made of metal and filled in the through hole 175 is provided.
- the metal body 142 constituting the antenna 105a exposed on the back surface of the electronic device 101 includes communication circuit components and the like disposed on the second main surface 173 side, and vias. It is electrically connected through a conductor 217.
- the metal body 142 constituting the terminal 106 exposed on the back surface of the electronic device 101 is electrically connected to a power terminal (not shown) disposed on the second main surface 173 side via the via conductor 217.
- the back panel 104 has sapphire as a main component, so that the heat conductivity is high, and heat generated by various devices and electronic circuits arranged in the exterior 300 is generated from the interior of the exterior 300. Can be missed efficiently.
- sapphire has a low electrical resistance, current leakage (dark current) from the antenna 105 and the terminal 106 arranged on the back panel 104 is small, and malfunction of the electronic device 101 due to such dark current is suppressed. ing.
- the electronic device 101 has a characteristic appearance because the first main surface 172 of the light-transmissive rear panel 104 and the surface of the metallic body 142 having metallic luster are flush with each other.
- the electronic device 101 has high wireless signal transmission / reception sensitivity by the antenna 105, small malfunction due to dark current, and the exterior body 300 has high strength and is difficult to break, and has a superior design due to its characteristic appearance.
- FIG. 12 shows an embodiment different from the above in the case where the above-described sapphire structure with a metal body is used in an electronic device.
- 12A and 12B are schematic diagrams for explaining the mounting body 600, where FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view.
- the mounting body 600 has a first main surface 620A, a mounting substrate 620 provided with a recess 622 on the first main surface 620A, and a metal body 630 disposed inside the recess 622 and joined to the inner surface of the recess 622.
- the metal body 630 has a surface flush with the first main surface 620A.
- the metal body 630 contains silver (Ag) as a main component.
- the metal body 20 contains copper (Cu) and titanium (Ti).
- the mounting substrate 620 includes a through hole 625 having an opening in the bottom surface of the recess 622 and the second main surface 620B, and includes a via conductor 627 made of metal filled in the through hole 625.
- the wireless communication unit 510 and the control unit 500 are arranged on the mounting substrate 620.
- the control unit 500 includes a CPU 500a, a storage unit 500b, and the like.
- the control unit 500 is configured by mounting the CPU 500a and the storage unit 500b on the second main surface 620B.
- an antenna 510a formed of a metal body 630 and a wireless information processing unit 510b mounted on a mounting board 620 are arranged to configure the wireless communication unit 510.
- the wireless information processing unit 510b, the CPU 500a, and the storage unit 500b are devices including semiconductor elements.
- the metal body 630 constitutes the antenna 510a, and the CPU 500a, the storage unit 500b, the wireless information processing unit 510b, and the like are connected to each other using the metal body 630 and the via conductor 627 as electric wiring.
- the mounting substrate 620 is made of sapphire and has high thermal conductivity, heat generated from the wireless communication unit 510 and the control unit 500 can be efficiently released through the mounting substrate 620.
- sapphire has a small electric resistance, the dark current flowing on the surface of the mounting substrate 620 is suppressed to a small level. Therefore, the dark current of the CPU 500a, the storage unit 500b, and the wireless information processing unit 510b mounted on the surface of the mounting substrate 620 is reduced. The resulting malfunction is suppressed.
- the wireless information processing unit 510b, the CPU 500a, and the storage unit 500b are not limited to device components including semiconductor elements, and are integrated with the mounting substrate 620 by processing a compound semiconductor layer formed on the mounting substrate 620 made of, for example, sapphire. You may form in.
- a mounting body 600 illustrated in FIG. 12 can be used by being disposed, for example, inside the exterior 300 of the electronic device 101.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating an electrical configuration of the electronic device 101.
- the electronic device 101 includes a control unit 110, a wireless communication unit 111, a display device 112, a touch panel 113, a piezoelectric vibration element 114, a microphone 115, an imaging unit 107, and a battery. 116. These components provided in the electronic device 101 are housed in an exterior 300 of the electronic device 101.
- the control unit 110 includes a CPU 201, a DSP 202, a storage unit 203, and the like.
- the control unit 110 comprehensively manages the operation of the electronic device 101 by controlling other components of the electronic device 101.
- the storage unit 203 includes a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), and the like.
- the storage unit 203 includes a main program and a plurality of control programs for controlling the electronic device 101, specifically, control components of the wireless communication unit 111, the display device 112, and the like included in the electronic device 101. Application programs and the like are stored.
- Various functions of the control unit 110 are realized by the CPU 201 and the DSP 202 executing various programs in the storage unit 203.
- the wireless communication unit 111 has an antenna 105 (antennas 105a and 105b).
- the wireless communication unit 111 performs transmission / reception of a communication signal with an electronic device different from the electronic device 101 or a communication device such as a web server connected to the Internet, using the antenna 105 via a base station or the like.
- the antenna 105 may be provided on the back panel 104, and the mounting body 600 provided with the antenna 510a may be disposed in the exterior 300.
- the display device 112 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display. As described above, various types of information displayed by the display device 112 are visually recognized from the outside of the electronic device 101 through the display area 102a.
- the touch panel 113 is, for example, a projected capacitive touch panel.
- the touch panel 113 is affixed to the inner main surface 171 of the front side panel 2.
- the touch panel 113 includes two sheet-like electrode sensors arranged to face each other. When the user touches the display area 102a with an operator such as a finger, the capacitance of the part of the touch panel 113 facing the operator changes. The touch panel 113 then outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the change in capacitance to the control unit 110. As described above, the touch panel 113 can detect contact of the operation element with the display region 102a.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 and the microphone 115 are attached to the inner main surface 171 of the front side panel 102.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 is vibrated by a drive voltage supplied from the control unit 110.
- the control unit 110 generates a drive voltage based on the sound signal, and applies the drive voltage to the piezoelectric vibration element 114.
- the front panel 102 vibrates based on the sound signal.
- the reception sound is transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user.
- the volume of the received sound is such that the user can hear it properly when the user brings his ear close to the front panel 102.
- the details of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 and the received sound transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user will be described in detail later.
- the case where the reception sound is transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user by the piezoelectric vibration element 114 will be described.
- an electrical signal from the control unit 110 is used instead of the piezoelectric vibration element 114.
- a dynamic speaker that converts a sound signal into sound and outputs the sound may be used.
- a dynamic speaker When a dynamic speaker is employed, a receiver hole is provided in the exterior 300 (front panel 102, housing 103, or back panel 104). Sound output from the dynamic speaker is output to the outside through a receiver hole provided in the exterior 300.
- sapphire since sapphire is hard, it is difficult to process the exterior 300 formed of sapphire to provide a through hole such as a receiver hole.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 that does not require a receiver hole in the electronic device 101, the processing steps for providing the receiver hole in the exterior 300 can be reduced. As a result, the manufacture of the electronic device 101 can be reduced. Can be easily. Further, the strength of the exterior 300 is reduced by providing the receiver hole. However, when the piezoelectric vibration element 114 is employed, it is not necessary to provide a receiver hole in the exterior 300, so that the strength of the exterior 300 can be maintained.
- the microphone 115 converts the vibration of the front panel 102 into an electrical signal and outputs it to the control unit 110.
- the vibration of the front side panel 102 is generated by a user's voice or the like during a call or the like.
- the microphone 115 does not convert the vibration of the front side panel 102 into an electrical signal, but directly converts air vibration such as a user's voice into an electrical signal and outputs it to the control unit 110. There may be.
- a microphone hole is provided in the exterior 300 (the front side panel 102, the housing 103, or the back side panel 104). The user's voice or the like is taken into the electronic device 101 from the microphone hole and input to the microphone 115.
- the imaging unit 107 captures still images and moving images.
- the battery 116 outputs a power source for the electronic device 101. The power output from the battery 116 is supplied to each electronic component included in the control unit 110 and the wireless communication unit 111 included in the electronic device 101.
- FIG. 14A is a top view showing the structure of the piezoelectric vibration element 114
- FIG. 14B is a side view
- 14C and 14D are side views showing the state of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 during operation.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 has a long shape in one direction.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 has a long and narrow rectangular shape in plan view.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 has, for example, a bimorph structure.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 includes a first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a and a second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b that are bonded to each other via a shim material 114c.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 when a positive voltage is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a and a negative voltage is applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a extends along the longitudinal direction.
- the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b extends and contracts along the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 14C, the piezoelectric vibration element 114 bends in a mountain shape with the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a facing outside.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 when a negative voltage is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a and a positive voltage is applied to the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b, the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a is in the longitudinal direction.
- the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b extends along the longitudinal direction. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 14D, the piezoelectric vibration element 114 bends in a mountain shape with the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b facing outside.
- the piezoelectric vibrating element 114 performs flexural vibration by alternately taking the state of FIG. 14C and the state of FIG.
- the controller 110 flexures and vibrates the piezoelectric vibration element 114 by applying an alternating voltage in which a positive voltage and a negative voltage appear alternately between the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b.
- piezoelectric vibration element 114 shown in FIG. 14, only one structure including the first piezoelectric ceramic plate 114a and the second piezoelectric ceramic plate 114b bonded with the shim material 114c interposed therebetween is provided. A plurality of such structures may be stacked.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 having such a structure is disposed at the peripheral end portion of the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 102. Specifically, the piezoelectric vibration element 114 is disposed at the center portion in the short side direction (left-right direction) at the upper end portion of the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 102. Further, the piezoelectric vibration element 114 is arranged such that the longitudinal direction thereof is along the short side direction of the front panel 102. Thereby, the piezoelectric vibration element 114 performs flexural vibration along the short side direction of the front side panel 102. The center of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 in the longitudinal direction coincides with the center in the lateral direction at the upper end portion of the inner main surface 171 of the front side panel 102.
- the displacement amount is the largest at the center in the longitudinal direction. Accordingly, when the center of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 in the longitudinal direction coincides with the center of the short side direction at the upper end portion of the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 102, the displacement amount of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 due to flexural vibrations. The point where is the largest coincides with the center in the lateral direction at the upper end of the inner main surface 171 of the front panel 2.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 vibrates the front panel 102, whereby air conduction sound and conduction sound are transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user.
- the vibration of the piezoelectric vibration element 114 itself is transmitted to the front panel 102, air conduction sound and conduction sound are transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user.
- the air conduction sound is a sound that is recognized by the human brain by sound waves (air vibrations) entering the ear canal hole (so-called “ear hole”) vibrating the eardrum.
- the conduction sound is sound that is recognized by the human brain when the auricle is vibrated and the vibration of the auricle is transmitted to the eardrum and the eardrum vibrates.
- the air conduction sound and the conduction sound will be described in detail.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining air conduction sound and conduction sound.
- FIG. 15 shows the structure of the user's ear of the electronic device 101.
- a broken line 500 indicates a conduction path of a sound signal (sound information) when an airway sound is recognized by the brain.
- a solid line 510 indicates a conduction path of the sound signal when the conduction sound is recognized by the brain.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 attached to the front side panel 102 When the piezoelectric vibration element 114 attached to the front side panel 102 is vibrated based on an electrical sound signal indicating a received sound, the front side panel 102 vibrates and a sound wave is output from the front side panel 102.
- The When the user holds the electronic device 101 in his hand and brings the front panel 102 of the electronic device 101 closer to the user's auricle 400, or the front panel 102 of the electronic device 101 is moved to the user's ear.
- the sound wave output from the front panel 102 enters the ear canal hole 410. Sound waves from the front panel 102 travel through the ear canal hole 410 and vibrate the eardrum 420.
- the vibration of the eardrum 420 is transmitted to the ossicle 430, and the ossicle 430 vibrates.
- the vibration of the ossicles 430 is transmitted to the cochlea 440 and converted into an electric signal in the cochlea 440.
- This electric signal is transmitted to the brain through the auditory nerve 450, and the received sound is recognized in the brain. In this way, air conduction sound is transmitted from the front panel 102 to the user.
- the auricle 400 is vibrated by the piezoelectric vibration element 114.
- the front panel 102 is vibrated.
- the vibration of the pinna 400 is transmitted to the eardrum 420, and the eardrum 420 vibrates.
- the vibration of the eardrum 420 is transmitted to the ossicle 430, and the ossicle 430 vibrates.
- the vibration of the ossicles 430 is transmitted to the cochlea 440 and converted into an electric signal in the cochlea 440.
- This electric signal is transmitted to the brain through the auditory nerve 450, and the received sound is recognized in the brain. In this way, the conduction sound is transmitted from the front side panel 102 to the user.
- the auricular cartilage 400 a inside the auricle 400 is also shown.
- Bone conduction sound is sound that is recognized by the human brain by vibrating the skull and directly stimulating the inner ear such as the cochlea.
- a sound signal transmission path when a bone conduction sound is recognized by the brain is indicated by a plurality of arcs 520.
- the piezoelectric vibration element 114 appropriately vibrates the front side panel 102 on the front side, thereby generating air conduction sound and conduction sound from the front side panel 102 to the user of the electronic device 101.
- the user can hear the air conduction sound from the front panel 102 by bringing the ear (auricle) close to the front panel 102. Further, the user can hear the air conduction sound and the conduction sound from the front side panel 102 by bringing the ear (auricle) into contact with the front side panel 102.
- the structure is devised so that air conduction sound and conduction sound can be appropriately transmitted to the user. By configuring the electronic device 101 so that air conduction sound and conduction sound can be transmitted to the user, various merits are generated.
- the user can hear a sound when the front panel 102 is put on the ear, the user can make a call without worrying about the position where the ear is put on the electronic device 101.
- the user can make the surrounding noise difficult to hear while increasing the volume of the conduction sound by strongly pressing the ear against the front panel 102. Therefore, the user can make a call appropriately even when the ambient noise is high.
- the user recognizes the received sound from the electronic device 101 by placing the front panel 102 on the ear (more specifically, the pinna) even when the earplug or earphone is attached to the ear. be able to. Further, the user can recognize the received sound from the electronic device 101 by placing the front panel 102 on the headphones even when the headphones are attached to the ears.
- a portable electronic device such as a smartphone
- various electronic devices other than the portable electronic device such as a smartphone, such as a tablet terminal or a wristwatch, are also described in this document. Configuration can be applied.
- the electronic device 101 has been described in detail, but the above description is an example in all aspects, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the various modifications described above can be applied in combination as long as they do not contradict each other. And it is understood that the countless modification which is not illustrated can be assumed without deviating from the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
図7~11は、上述の金属体付き構造体の一実施形態を用いて構成された電子機器の外観を示す図であり、図7は斜視図、図8は前面図、図9は裏面図、図10は分解した状態での斜視図である。また、図11(a)は裏面側パネル104を筐体103の内部の側から見た斜視図であり、(b)はB-B線を含む平面による断面図である。
本実施の形態に係る電子機器101は、例えば、スマートフォン等の携帯機器であって、基地局及びサーバー等を通じて他の通信装置と通信することが可能である。電子機器101の形状は、平面視において略長方形の板状形状となっている。電子機器101の外装300は、前面側パネル102と、筐体103と、裏面側パネル104とによって構成されている。
CPU(Central Processing Unit)201、DSP(Digital Signal Processor)201などの各種部品が搭載されるプリント基板117および電池116は、表示装置112の裏側に配置される。図10では図示が省略されているが、プリント基板117は、ケーブルによって、タッチパネル113等の電子機器101が備える部品と電気的に接続される。そして、プリント基板117および電池116に対向するように、裏面側パネル104が配置される。電池116は後述するように、裏面側パネル104に埋め込まれた金属体142によって、充電用端子106と接続される(図11(a))。
図13は、電子機器101の電気的構成を示すブロック図である。図13に示されるように、電子機器101には、制御部110と、無線通信部111と、表示装置112と、タッチパネル113と、圧電振動素子114と、マイク115と、撮像部107と、電池116とが設けられている。電子機器101に設けられた、これらの構成要素は、電子機器101の外装300内に収められている。
図14(a)は、圧電振動素子114の構造を示す上面図、図14(b)は側面図である。図14(c)および(d)は、圧電振動素子114の動作時の状態について示す側面図である。図14(a)および(b)に示されるように、圧電振動素子114は一方向に長い形状を成している。具体的には、圧電振動素子114は、平面視で長方形の細長い板状を成している。圧電振動素子114は、例えばバイモルフ構造を有している。圧電振動素子114は、シム材114cを介して互いに貼り合わされた第1圧電セラミック板114a及び第2圧電セラミック板114bを備えている。
本実施の形態に係る電子機器101では、圧電振動素子114が前面側パネル102を振動させることによって、当該前面側パネル102から気導音及び伝導音が使用者に伝達される。言い換えれば、圧電振動素子114自身の振動が前面側パネル102に伝わることにより、当該前面側パネル102から気導音及び伝導音が使用者に伝達される。
11 サファイア構造体
11A 平坦面
11B 第2の主面
12 凹部
13 内面
13α 底面
13β 側面
13γ 傾斜面
17 金属粒子
18 溶媒
19 金属ペースト
20 金属体
20A 表面部分
30 第1デバイス
40 第2デバイス
Claims (20)
- 平坦面を有し、前記平坦面に凹部が設けられたサファイア構造体と、
前記凹部の内部に配置されて前記凹部の内面と接合した金属体とを有し、
前記金属体は前記平坦面と面一な表面部分を備えることを特徴とする金属体付きサファイア構造体。 - 前記金属体は銀を主成分とすることを特徴とする請求項1記載のサファイア構造体。
- 前記金属体は、二酸化珪素(SiO2)を含むことを特徴とする請求項2記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記金属体は、銅(Cu)を含むことを特徴とする請求項2または3記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記金属体は、チタン(Ti)を含むことを特徴とする請求項2~4のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記金属体は、前記内面と接合する接合領域にチタン(Ti)を主成分とする接合層を有することを特徴とする請求項5記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記凹部の前記内面は、底面と側面とを有し、前記底面および前記側面に対して傾斜した面を、前記底面と前記側面との間にさらに有することを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記平坦面を第1主面とする板状体であり、前記凹部の底面と前記第1主面の反対側に位置する第2主面とに開口を有する貫通孔を有していることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記貫通孔に設けられた、金属からなるビア導体を備えることを特徴とする請求項8記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記平坦面の算術平均粗さ(Ra)に比べて、前記平坦面と面一な前記金属体の表面部分の算術平均粗さ(Ra)が大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記平坦面の算術平均粗さが10nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 前記平坦面の算術平均粗さが1nm以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体。
- 平坦面を有するサファイア構造体の前記平坦面の一部を加工して前記平坦面に凹部を形成する工程と、
前記凹部内に、金属粒子と溶媒とを含む金属ペーストを塗布する工程と、
前記金属ペーストが塗布された前記サファイア構造体を加熱して前記金属ペーストに含まれる溶媒を蒸発させるとともに前記金属粒子同士を結合させて、前記凹部の内部に配置されて前記凹部の内面と接合した金属体を形成する工程と、
前記平坦面と前記金属体の表面とを研磨する工程とを有し、
前記研磨する工程では、前記平坦面とともに前記金属体の表面を同時に研磨することで、前記金属体の表面の少なくとも一部を前記平坦面と面一とすることを特徴とする金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法。 - 前記金属粒子は銀を主成分とし、前記金属ペーストは二酸化珪素を含むことを特徴とする請求項13記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法。
- 前記金属ペーストは銅粒子をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項13または14に記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法。
- 前記金属ペーストはチタン粒子をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項13~15のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法。
- 前記塗布する工程は、前記凹部内に配置した前記金属ペーストの表面が前記平坦面よりも前記凹部の底面側に位置するように前記金属ペーストを塗布し、
前記研磨する工程は、前記平坦面が研磨されつつ前記金属体が研磨されない第1段階と、前記平坦面と前記金属体とが同時に研磨される第2段階とを有することを特徴とする請求項13~16のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法。 - デバイスと、
前記デバイスを収容する外装とを備え、
前記外装の少なくとの一部に、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体を用いたことを特徴とする電子機器。 - デバイスと、
前記デバイスが配置される実装体とを備え、
前記実装体の少なくとの一部に、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体を用いたことを特徴とする電子機器。 - 電子機器に用いられる外装であって、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の金属体付きサファイア構造体を用いて構成されたことを特徴とする外装体。
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JP2015545292A JP6174709B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 | 2014-10-30 | 金属体付きサファイア構造体、金属体付きサファイア構造体の製造方法、電子機器、および外装体 |
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