WO2015041236A1 - 粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 - Google Patents
粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015041236A1 WO2015041236A1 PCT/JP2014/074518 JP2014074518W WO2015041236A1 WO 2015041236 A1 WO2015041236 A1 WO 2015041236A1 JP 2014074518 W JP2014074518 W JP 2014074518W WO 2015041236 A1 WO2015041236 A1 WO 2015041236A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- powder
- surface treatment
- powdered metal
- powder metal
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
- B22F1/142—Thermal or thermo-mechanical treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/06—Jet mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/044—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by jet milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/045—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by other means than ball or jet milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2207/00—Aspects of the compositions, gradients
- B22F2207/11—Gradients other than composition gradients, e.g. size gradients
- B22F2207/13—Size gradients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/05—Light metals
- B22F2301/052—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface treatment method for a powdered metal material, and more specifically, as a material for manufacturing metal products using metal powder or forming a film, such as powder metallurgy such as sintering or thermal spraying.
- the present invention relates to a surface treatment method for powdered metal materials.
- sintering in which an aggregate of powdered metal materials is heated at a temperature lower than the melting point and hardened to obtain a sintered metal, is widely used in the manufacture of various mechanical parts such as gears.
- a powder metal material as a modeling material in a 3D printer.
- CAD CAD
- a desired three-dimensional solid model can be directly formed from a metal material from shape data such as (Non-Patent Document 1), and thus produced by sintering a powdered metal material.
- shape data such as (Non-Patent Document 1)
- sintered metal obtained by sintering powdered metal materials tends to have low density and low strength compared to melt molding due to residual pores, etc. In many cases, it cannot be put into practical use as a component.
- sintering forging in which the obtained sintered metal is forged is also performed. If parts manufactured by simple three-dimensional modeling using a printer need further sintering forging, the advantage of simplicity is lost.
- the powder metal material having a predetermined crystal structure is subjected to mechanical milling by a ball mill, and the powder metal material is concentrated and subjected to super-strong processing.
- FIG. 6 (B) in the vicinity of the surface of the powder metal material, there is a region called a shell (hereinafter referred to as “fine grain region”) formed by refining crystal grains.
- a central region called the core that maintains the original crystal grain size hereinafter referred to as a “coarse grain region” and the fine grain region that covers the coarse grain region A powdered metal material having the following is obtained.
- the sintered metal obtained by sintering the powdered metal material in which the coarse grain region and the fine grain region are formed in this manner is obtained as shown in FIG. 6C.
- a metal having a structure called “harmonic structure” in which fine-grained regions are connected to each other and a coarse-grained region is harmoniously arranged in the fine-grained regions in the present invention, .
- Such a metal is referred to as “harmonic structure metal”), and with such a harmonic structure metal, a uniform equiaxed grain obtained using a normal powder metal material not subjected to mechanical milling treatment is obtained. It has been reported that significant improvement in strength can be obtained while maintaining ductility equivalent to that of sintered metal in the structure (Non-patent Document 2).
- the manufacturing method of the “harmonic structure metal” described above has been described by taking the case of “sintering” as an example.
- the above-described powdered metal material having a fine-grain region is Even when a metal film is formed on the surface of the substrate by “thermal spraying”, the formed metal film can be formed as “harmonic structure metal”.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 when sintering is performed using a powdered metal material that has been previously agitated by a ball mill, the sintered metal obtained by sintering becomes a “harmonic structure”. As a result, a metal having excellent properties of achieving both high ductility and high strength can be obtained.
- Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3 when processing a powdered metal material with a ball mill, the processing efficiency is extremely poor.
- the processing time in Non-Patent Document 2 is 100 hours.
- the processing time in 3 is 32 hours.
- the powdered metal material used for sintering and the like is generally a fine particle having a particle size of around 100 ⁇ m, and this is put into a ball mill and stirred in the presence of air to generate frictional force and impact force. In addition, if an electrostatic discharge occurs due to friction during agitation, a dust explosion occurs.
- the lower explosive concentration of powdered metal (200 mesh (all openings: 74 ⁇ m)) is: aluminum in 35g / m 3, 45g / m 3 in the titanium, 120g / m 3 in the iron [ “of arc welding work safety and hygiene (3rd)" the Japan welding Society WE-COM magazine No. 6 ( (Extracted from October 2012)), it is possible to process only a small amount if stirring is performed below the lower explosion limit concentration, and it can be processed for small-scale production at the laboratory level in the laboratory. However, it is impossible to process a large amount of powdered metal material on a commercial basis with a ball mill.
- the powder metal materials treated by this method include surfaces such as oxide scales separated from the surface of the powder metal materials. Oxides are mixed, and this oxide hinders the bonding between powder metal materials during sintering, and impairs the increase in strength.
- powder metal materials used for sintering and thermal spraying are generally manufactured by the atomizing method.
- the molten metal is atomized by spraying / scattering, and this is rapidly quenched and solidified. Therefore, oxide scale adheres to the surface of the powder metal material.
- a powdered metal material manufactured by a method other than the atomizing method also forms an oxide film that is a surface oxide by contact with oxygen in the air to a certain extent.
- the exfoliated oxide is stirred together with the powder metal material in the ball mill, a part of the exfoliated oxide is pressed against the surface of the powder metal material by friction and impact caused by agitation. It is reattached by being embedded.
- the strength improvement is suppressed by the presence of oxides mixed in the powdered metal material.
- the powder metal material after the treatment by the ball mill is subjected to, for example, wind sorting, but in this method, in addition to the treatment by the ball mill, Furthermore, it is necessary to provide a separate step for removing the oxide, and the productivity is further reduced.
- the surface treatment of the powder metal material can be performed by a method that can also remove such a surface oxide film, it is possible to expect higher strength of the resulting harmonic structure metal.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and is used as a material for obtaining a metal product or a metal film having a harmonized structure by a method such as powder metallurgy such as sintering or thermal spraying.
- a method such as powder metallurgy such as sintering or thermal spraying.
- the above-mentioned process for forming fine-grained areas on the surface of a powdered metal material is easy and reliable to remove oxides from the surface and to remove oxides after peeling without worrying about dust explosions.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method for a powder metal material that can be performed efficiently in a relatively short time.
- a surface treatment method for a powdered metal material of the present invention comprises: In the method of surface treatment of powdered metal materials used for the production of a harmonic structure metal in which the fine grain region and coarse grain region are arranged harmoniously, Using a blasting apparatus equipped with dust collecting means for injecting the sprayed powder together with the compressed gas in the working space to collide with the impacted object, and sucking the inside of the working space to remove and collect the dust, A powder metal material having an average particle diameter of 10 to 200 ⁇ m and a medium substance having a hardness equal to or higher than that of the powder metal material are subjected to a blasting process in which the powder material is repeatedly collided at an injection speed of 100 to 300 m / sec. The surface oxide is exfoliated from the metal material, and a fine grain region having a crystal grain size smaller than the crystal grain size at the center is formed near the surface of the powder metal material. ).
- the dust collecting means is provided with a cyclone for classifying the dust and the sprayed powder (claim 2).
- the collected dust is stored together with non-combustible powder such as calcium carbonate in the dust collecting means (claim 3).
- the powder metal material may be formed with the spray powder, and the medium substance may be used as the collision object (claim 4),
- the medium substance may be used as powder to form the spray powder, and the powder metal material may be used as the collision object (Claim 5).
- the medium substance is a powder metal material having the same material and the same average particle size as the powder metal material, and both the spray powder and the colliding object are used as the powder metal material. It is good also as a thing (Claim 6).
- the material of the medium substance may be a metal having a hardness equal to or higher than that of the powder metal material, or a ceramic having a hardness equal to or higher than the hardness of the powder metal material after the surface treatment. 7).
- This blasting may be performed by using a powdered metal material as an injection powder and injecting and colliding with a medium material, or by using a medium material as an injection powder and injecting and colliding with a powdered metal material.
- powder powder and colliding object are made of powder metal material with the same average particle diameter and the same material, powder metal material is jetted and collided with powder metal material.
- both the powder metal powder used as the spray powder and the powder metal powder used as the collision object are subjected to surface treatment at the same time, so that the amount of treatment can be doubled. It was.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the blast processing apparatus used for the surface treatment method of this invention, (A) is a gravity type, (B) is a direct pressure type.
- the present invention uses a known blasting apparatus to perform a blasting process in which a powder metal material to be processed and a medium substance colliding with the powder metal material are repeatedly collided at a predetermined injection speed.
- a blasting apparatus to perform a blasting process in which a powder metal material to be processed and a medium substance colliding with the powder metal material are repeatedly collided at a predetermined injection speed.
- surface oxides such as oxide scales that hinder the strength improvement during sintering and thermal spraying are removed from the surface of the powder metal material, and the crystal grain size at the center is near the surface of the powder metal material. It is intended to form a fine grain region having a small crystal grain size.
- sintering is performed using a powdered metal material in which a coarse grain region having a relatively large crystal grain size is formed in the center and a fine grain region having a small crystal grain size is formed near the surface.
- coarse grain regions are harmoniously arranged in a network of fine grain structures formed by joining fine grain regions together. It becomes the harmonic structure metal which has the crystal structure (refer FIG.6 (C)) made, and has the outstanding characteristic that high ductility and high intensity
- the powder metal material to be treated in the present invention is a powder metal having an average particle size of 10 to 200 ⁇ m, which is used as a material for powder metallurgy and thermal spraying such as sintering, and is applicable to powder metallurgy and thermal spraying. Any material can be used as long as it is possible, and it may be composed of pure metal or alloy.
- metals commonly used in powder metallurgy include iron-based, copper-based, stainless-based, titanium-based, and tungsten-based metals. Also, as metals used for thermal spraying, Zinc, aluminum, copper, etc. are common, but in the present invention, any of these can be included in the material of the powder metal material.
- the powder metal materials used can be those produced by various methods, and spray methods represented by the atomization method, which is a method for producing powder metal materials commonly used in powder metallurgy and thermal spraying. In addition, those manufactured by various known methods such as mechanical crushing and electrolytic deposition can be used.
- the shape of the powder may be spherical, but not limited to this, various shapes can be used.
- the crystal grain size of the powdered metal material before the treatment is directly the crystal grain size of the coarse grain region as described above. Therefore, when the crystal grain size of the coarse grain region is within a predetermined range, it is appropriate.
- a powder metal material having a crystal grain size is selected.
- the average grain size of the coarse grain region is, for example, several ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m.
- Medium material As the medium substance that collides with the powder metal material, various materials can be used as long as they have a hardness equal to or higher than that of the powder metal material. Things can also be used.
- a ceramic medium material that is not work hardened it is preferable to use a ceramic material having a hardness equal to or greater than the hardness of the powder metal material after the surface treatment of the present invention. Even after the material is work-hardened, the same or higher hardness is maintained.
- the medium substance itself may be composed of the above-mentioned powdery metal material, and the above-described ultrafine grain structure may be formed in both powdery metal materials by collision between the powdery metal materials.
- the shape of the medium substance needs to be configured as a powder when the medium substance side is used as a spray powder.
- powder metal material described above as a spray powder It is not necessary to use powder, and for example, it may be configured as a plate or the like.
- a powdered metal material may be used as an injection powder, which may be injected toward a medium substance and collided. It is also possible to prepare a substance and inject and collide it as a powder to a powdered metal material. Furthermore, both the powder and the colliding object are made of the same average particle diameter and the same material. It is good also as what consists of a powdery metal material and collides powdery metal materials.
- the blasting apparatus 1 to be used a known various configuration is used as long as it is a blasting apparatus with a dust collecting function that sucks the inside of the cabinet 21 and collects the inside of the cabinet 21.
- Either a direct pressure type or a gravity type blasting apparatus may be used.
- FIG. 1A shows a configuration example of a gravity blasting apparatus 1 used for the surface treatment of the present invention
- FIG. 1B shows a configuration example of a direct pressure type.
- the surface treatment of the present invention is performed by using the blasting apparatus 1 and using the powdery metal material having the same material and the same average particle diameter for both the spray powder and the colliding object.
- the blasting apparatus 1 used in the surface treatment method of the present invention is not limited to the one shown in the figure.
- a blasting apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B includes a cabinet 21 serving as a processing chamber that accommodates an injection nozzle 22 and a workpiece and performs blasting, and a dust collector 38 that sucks the inside of the cabinet 21.
- the cyclone-type recovery tank 23 is provided between the dust collector 38 and the cabinet 21 so that the powder metal material in a state of being mixed with dust collected by sucking the cabinet 21 is recovered.
- the dust collected in the cyclone-type collection tank 23 can be collected in the dust collector 38.
- the powder metal material collected in the collection tank 23 in this way can be sprayed again from the spray nozzle 22 in the cabinet 21.
- a barrel basket 24 which is an upwardly opened container that rotates during injection of the injection powder, is provided inside the above-described cabinet 21, where the tip of the injection nozzle 22 is directed.
- a powdered metal material to be collided can be introduced.
- the barrel cage 24 is shown as a wire mesh having a large number of small holes.
- the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and the structure does not include such small holes. It's also good.
- the powder metal material Prior to performing the processing using the blast processing apparatus 1 configured as described above, the powder metal material is put into the recovery tank 23 and the powder metal material is also put into the barrel cage 24 provided in the processing chamber.
- the injection of the powder metal material is started from the injection nozzle 22 at an injection speed of 100 to 300 m / sec while rotating the barrel cage 24 in this state, the powder metal material injected from the injection nozzle 22 is rotated by the rotating barrel cage. It collides with the powdered metal material in 24.
- the injection pressure may be 100 m / sec or more in the treatment of non-ferrous powder metal materials, but is preferably 150 m / sec or more in the treatment of iron powder metal materials.
- each of the powder metal material in the barrel cage 24 and the powder metal material injected from the injection nozzle 22 receives the energy at the time of collision with each other and is powdered.
- the surface oxide, such as oxide scale, formed on the surface of the metal-like metal material is peeled off, and the surface of the collision part rapidly rises in temperature and is cooled, so that the crystal grains on the collision part surface are refined.
- a fine grain region is formed in which a crystal grain having a small diameter is formed with respect to the crystal grain in the central part.
- the refinement of the powder metal material is that when the powder metal material to be processed is less than 100 ⁇ m, it is formed on the surface of the powder metal material at a depth of about 20% at maximum with respect to the particle size. It has been empirically confirmed that when the powder metal material to be used is 100 ⁇ m or more, it is formed at a depth of about 10% at the maximum with respect to the particle size.
- the aforementioned fine grain region is formed in a range of 2 to 20 ⁇ m from the surface at the maximum according to the particle size of the powder metal material to be treated.
- the powdered metal material injected from the injection nozzle 22 collides with the powdered metal material in the barrel cage 24 and then accumulates in the barrel cage 24 except for the one ejected out of the barrel cage 24. Agitation is performed with the powdered metal material present in the barrel cage 24.
- the powder metal material in the barrel cage 24 increases, overflows from the barrel cage 24, and falls to the bottom of the cabinet 21.
- the bottom of the cabinet 21 is formed as an inverted trapezoidal hopper, and the lower end of the hopper communicates with the dust collector 38 through the exhaust passage 33 and the recovery tank 23, so that the exhaust air provided in the dust collector 38 is provided.
- the inside of the cabinet 21 is sucked by the vessel 39, the powdered metal material or dust that has fallen is sucked together with the air in the cabinet 21 and fed into the cyclone type recovery tank 23, where the dust and the powder metal The material is classified, and the powdered metal material is recovered downward in the recovery tank 23.
- the processing chamber formed in the cabinet 21 is constantly suctioned to remove dust and powdered metal material floating in the air, and is kept below the lower explosion limit concentration. In terms of form, there is no risk of dust explosion in the cabinet due to the generation of heat or static electricity due to the injection, collision, friction of the powdered metal material.
- the dust classified in the cyclone-type collection tank 23 and collected in the dust collector 38 is incombustible powder such as carbon dioxide so that the concentration of flammable dust in the air in the dust collector 38 is lower than the lower explosion limit concentration.
- the concentration of flammable dust in the air in the dust collector 38 is lower than the lower explosion limit concentration.
- the powder metal material recovered in the recovery tank 23 is again injected from the injection nozzle 22 toward the powder metal material in the barrel cage 24, and any of the powder metal materials is obtained by repeating the above-described steps.
- Surface oxides such as oxide scale are also removed from the surface of the material, and a fine grain region is formed so as to cover the entire surface.
- a powdered metal material in which a fine grain region is formed in the vicinity of the surface can be obtained by using it as a material for powder metallurgy such as sintering or for forming a metal film such as spraying.
- a harmonic structure metal in which coarse grain regions are harmoniously arranged in a network of fine grain structures formed by interconnecting portions of fine grain regions is obtained. With such a harmonic structure metal, excellent properties such as high ductility and high strength can be obtained.
- both the spray powder and the colliding object are made of a powdered metal material, and the spray powder and the colliding object are collided in the barrel cage 24 provided in the cabinet 21.
- a plate body formed of a material having a hardness equal to or higher than that of the spray powder is accommodated as a medium substance in the cabinet 21 in place of the barrel cage 24 described above, and a powder metal material is accommodated in the plate body.
- the surface treatment of the present invention may be performed by spraying and colliding as a spray powder.
- the powdered medium material is used as the spray powder, and the medium material that is the spray powder is used for the powder metal material charged in the barrel cage 24.
- the powdered metal material and the medium substance are classified and recovered after the treatment.
- Example 1 The surface treatment method of the present invention was performed on stainless steel powder (SUS304 equivalent: # 80) as the powder metal material.
- the processing conditions are shown in Table 1 below.
- the treated stainless steel powder had a clean surface with the oxide scale removed, and the hardness of the stainless steel powder from 250 to 350 HV before the treatment increased to 450 to 550 HV after the treatment. This suggests that the crystal grains near the surface are becoming finer.
- the refinement of the crystal grain size can be evaluated from the increase in the line width of the X-ray analysis peak from the Scherrer formula (1918).
- the results of X-ray analysis of untreated stainless steel powder see Fig. 2)
- the X-ray diffraction results after the processing according to the present application show that the peak line width has greatly increased, and the hardness of the powder metal material described above has increased. From the results, it was confirmed that the crystal grain size was reduced on the surface.
- Example 2 The surface treatment method of the present invention was performed on powder high-speed tool steel (SKH equivalent: # 150) as a powder metal material.
- the processing conditions are shown in Table 2 below.
- the hardness of the powder high-speed tool steel which was 650 to 750 HV before the treatment, increased to 900 to 1000 HV after the treatment.
- the powder high-speed tool steel after the treatment has a clean surface with the oxide scale removed, and the X-ray diffraction results show that the X-ray analysis peak is higher than that of the untreated one (see Fig. 4).
- the line width increased (see FIG. 5), and it was confirmed that the surface texture was refined by the treatment according to the method of the present invention (see FIGS. 4 and 5).
- Example 3 The surface treatment method of the present invention was performed on powder of alloy steel for machine structure (SCM equivalent: # 150) as a powder metal material.
- SCM equivalent: # 150 The processing conditions are shown in Table 3 below.
- the hardness of the alloy structural steel powder which was 150 to 200 HV before the treatment, increased to 300 to 350 HV after the treatment.
- the processed alloy steel powder for machine structural use is considered to have a finer structure on the surface due to the above-mentioned increase in hardness as well as the surface being cleaned by removing the oxide scale. .
- Example 4 The surface treatment method of the present invention was applied to a copper alloy powder (# 150) as a powder metal material.
- the processing conditions are shown in Table 4 below.
- the hardness of the copper alloy powder which was 160 to 200 HV before the treatment, increased to 220 to 260 HV after the treatment.
- the oxide scale is removed and the surface is clean, and a refined structure is formed on the surface due to the increase in hardness described above.
- Example 5 The surface treatment method of the present invention was performed on an aluminum alloy powder (AC8A: # 80) as a powder metal material.
- the processing conditions are shown in Table 5 below.
- a barrel basket with a number of holes of 1 mm diameter is installed in the processing chamber, and 10 kg of aluminum alloy (AC8A) powder is put into the barrel basket, and the high-speed steel shot put into the collection tank is directed into the barrel basket. The spraying process was continued for 7 hours.
- AC8A aluminum alloy
- the hardness of the aluminum alloy powder which was 120 to 140 HV before the treatment, increased to 200 to 250 HV after the treatment.
- the treated aluminum alloy powder has a clean surface with oxide scale removed, and due to the above-mentioned increase in hardness, the medium material, high-speed steel, diffuses and penetrates into the aluminum alloy powder surface. In addition, it is considered that a fine structure is formed on the surface.
- the coarse grain structure is harmonized in the network formed by interconnecting the fine grain regions.
- the surface treatment method of the present invention is capable of treating powder metal materials used for the production of a harmonic structure metal simply, in large quantities, and safely. The method was confirmed.
Abstract
Description
微細粒領域と粗大粒領域が調和的に配置された調和組織金属の製造に使用する粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法において,
作業空間内で噴射粉体を圧縮気体と共に噴射して被衝突物に衝突させると共に,前記作業空間内を吸引して粉塵を除去,回収する集塵手段を備えたブラスト加工装置を使用し,
平均粒径10~200μmの粉末状金属材料と,前記粉末状金属材料と同等以上の硬度を有する媒体物質を,噴射速度100~300m/secで繰り返し衝突させるブラスト処理を行うことにより,前記粉末状金属材料より表面酸化物を剥離すると共に,該粉末状金属材料の表面付近に,中心部の結晶粒径に対し小さな結晶粒径を有する微細粒領域を形成することを特徴とする(請求項1)。
前記粉末状金属材料を前記噴射粉体と成すと共に,前記媒体物質を前記被衝突物として行っても良く(請求項4),
前記媒体物質を粉体として前記噴射粉体と成すと共に,前記粉末状金属材料を前記被衝突物として行うものとしても良く(請求項5),
更には,前記媒体物質を前記粉末状金属材料と同一材質,及び同一の平均粒径を有する粉末状金属材料とし,前記噴射粉体と前記被衝突物のいずれ共に,前記粉末状金属材料として行うものとしても良い(請求項6)。
本発明は,既知のブラスト加工装置を使用して,処理対象とする粉末状金属材料と,前記粉末状金属材料と衝突される媒体物質とを,所定の噴射速度で繰り返し衝突させるブラスト処理を行うことで,粉末状金属材料の表面より焼結や溶射に際し強度向上を阻害する酸化スケール等の表面酸化物を除去すると共に,該粉末状金属材料の表面付近に,中心部の結晶粒径に対し小さな結晶粒径を有する微細粒領域を形成しようというものである。
本発明で処理対象とする粉末状金属材料は,焼結等の粉末冶金や溶射の際の材料として使用される平均粒径は10~200μmの粉体状金属であり,粉末冶金や溶射に適用可能な材質のものであれば各種材質のものを使用することができ,純金属,合金のいずれにより構成されるものであっても良い。
前述した粉末状金属材料と衝突する媒体物質としては,粉末状金属材料と同等以上の硬度を有するものであれば各種のものを使用することができ,金属製のもののみならず,セラミック製のものを使用することもできる。
以上で説明した粉末状金属材料と媒体物質の衝突は,ブラスト加工装置を使用したブラスト加工によって行う。
粉末状金属材料として,ステンレスの粉末(SUS304相当品:♯80)に対し,本発明の表面処理方法を実施した。処理条件を下記の表1に示す。
粉末状金属材料として,粉末高速度工具鋼(SKH相当品:♯150)に対し,本発明の表面処理方法を実施した。処理条件を下記の表2に示す。
粉末状金属材料として,機械構造用合金鋼の粉末(SCM相当品:♯150)に対し,本発明の表面処理方法を実施した。処理条件を下記の表3に示す。
粉末状金属材料として,銅合金の粉末(♯150)に対し,本発明の表面処理方法を実施した。処理条件を下記の表4に示す。
粉末状金属材料として,アルミニウム合金の粉末(AC8A:♯80)に対し,本発明の表面処理方法を実施した。処理条件を下記の表5に示す。
以上,実施例1~5として説明した本発明の表面処理方法で処理を行った粉末状金属材料を使用して放電プラズマ焼結を行った。
21 キャビネット
22 噴射ノズル
23 回収タンク(サイクロン型)
24 バレルカゴ
32 管
33 排風路
38 集塵機
39 排風器
Claims (7)
- 微細粒領域と粗大粒領域が調和的に配置された調和組織金属の製造に使用する粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法において,
作業空間内で噴射粉体を圧縮気体と共に噴射して被衝突物に衝突させると共に,前記作業空間内を吸引して粉塵を除去,回収する集塵手段を備えたブラスト加工装置を使用し,
平均粒径10~200μmの粉末状金属材料と,前記粉末状金属材料と同等以上の硬度を有する媒体物質を,噴射速度100~300m/secで繰り返し衝突させるブラスト処理を行うことにより,前記粉末状金属材料より表面酸化物を剥離すると共に,該粉末状金属材料の表面付近に,中心部の結晶粒径に対し小さな結晶粒径を有する微細粒領域を形成することを特徴とする,粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。 - 前記ブラスト加工装置の前記集塵手段が,前記粉塵と前記噴射粉体とを分級するサイクロンを備えることを特徴とする請求項1記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
- 前記ブラスト加工装置の前記集塵手段において,回収した粉塵を不燃性粉末と共に貯留することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
- 前記粉末状金属材料を前記噴射粉体と成すと共に,前記媒体物質を前記被衝突物として前記ブラスト処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~3いずれか1項記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
- 前記媒体物質を粉体として前記噴射粉体と成すと共に,前記粉末状金属材料を前記被衝突物として前記ブラスト処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~3いずれか1項記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
- 前記媒体物質を前記粉末状金属材料と同一材質,及び同一の平均粒径を有する粉末状金属材料とし,前記噴射粉体と前記被衝突物のいずれ共に,前記粉末状金属材料としたことを特徴とする請求項1~3いずれか1項記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
- 前記媒体物質の材質が,前記粉末状金属材料と同等以上の硬度を有する金属,又は,前記表面処理後の粉末状金属材料の硬度と同等以上の硬度を有するセラミックスであることを特徴とする請求項1~5いずれか1項記載の粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/895,321 US20160193658A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-14 | Surface treatment method for powdered metal material |
EP14845712.0A EP3047925B1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-17 | Surface treatment method for powdered metal material |
CN201480035621.1A CN105339112B (zh) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-17 | 粉末状金属材料的表面处理方法 |
HK16107071.9A HK1219075A1 (zh) | 2013-09-18 | 2016-06-20 | 粉末狀金屬材料的表面處理方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013-193254 | 2013-09-18 | ||
JP2013193254A JP5723942B2 (ja) | 2013-09-18 | 2013-09-18 | 粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015041236A1 true WO2015041236A1 (ja) | 2015-03-26 |
Family
ID=52688884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2014/074518 WO2015041236A1 (ja) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-17 | 粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160193658A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3047925B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5723942B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105339112B (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1219075A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015041236A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019230806A1 (ja) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 株式会社 東芝 | 3dプリンタ用金属粉、造形物、および造形物の製造方法 |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160236422A1 (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2016-08-18 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Device and method for removing powder and apparatus for fabricating three-dimensional object |
US10913206B2 (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2021-02-09 | Delavan, Inc | Systems and methods for post additive manufacturing processing |
JP6848521B2 (ja) | 2017-02-24 | 2021-03-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 金属粉末射出成形用コンパウンド、焼結体の製造方法および焼結体 |
JP6969113B2 (ja) | 2017-03-06 | 2021-11-24 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 金属粉末射出成形用コンパウンド、金属粉末成形体、焼結体の製造方法および焼結体 |
JP6961972B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-24 | 2021-11-05 | 富士フイルムビジネスイノベーション株式会社 | 立体形状成形装置、情報処理装置及びプログラム |
TWI638480B (zh) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-10-11 | 國立虎尾科技大學 | Electrode electrode chip process |
CN112055627B (zh) * | 2018-06-08 | 2023-08-11 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 粉末床材料 |
JP7164163B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-24 | 2022-11-01 | 学校法人立命館 | 炭素含有鉄合金材の製造方法及び炭素含有鉄合金材 |
WO2020059059A1 (ja) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-26 | 技術研究組合次世代3D積層造形技術総合開発機構 | 金属積層造形用粉末およびその製造方法と、積層造形装置およびその制御プログラム |
CN110284105B (zh) * | 2019-06-25 | 2024-02-09 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | 一种粉体表面金属化方法及其装置 |
JP7470963B2 (ja) * | 2020-01-27 | 2024-04-19 | 株式会社不二機販 | 焼結体のバインダ金属相強化方法 |
CN114535568A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-27 | 安徽工业大学 | 一种对还原铁粉进行高效循环表面纳米化的设备及方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63312071A (ja) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-12-20 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 亜鉛ブラストショットの製造方法 |
JP2001225270A (ja) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-21 | Fuji Seisakusho:Kk | サンドブラスト装置及びサンドブラスト装置における研掃材の分級方法及び該方法におけるダスト捕集方法 |
JP2007297651A (ja) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-15 | Fuji Wpc:Kk | 硬質金属表面における結晶粒微細化方法 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63293105A (ja) * | 1987-05-27 | 1988-11-30 | Nkk Corp | 金属粉末の製造方法 |
JPH0822504B2 (ja) * | 1987-06-10 | 1996-03-06 | 日鉱金属株式会社 | アルミダイカスト製品のシヨツトブラスト方法 |
JPH0761612B2 (ja) * | 1988-11-22 | 1995-07-05 | 株式会社不二機販 | 沸騰水型原子力発電設備の発電用タービンの洗浄方法 |
JP2754680B2 (ja) * | 1989-03-17 | 1998-05-20 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | 金属粉末の処理方法 |
JP3049165B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-15 | 2000-06-05 | 株式会社不二製作所 | 粉末合金の表面層の処理法 |
JP3379824B2 (ja) * | 1994-06-14 | 2003-02-24 | 株式会社不二機販 | 表面硬化金属ショットの製造方法 |
JP2978137B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-01 | 1999-11-15 | プラストロン株式会社 | 金属表面処理方法およびその処理を施した金属材 |
JP3730015B2 (ja) * | 1998-06-02 | 2005-12-21 | 株式会社不二機販 | 金属成品の表面処理方法 |
US20080176487A1 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-24 | Armstrong Jay T | Portable cleaning and blasting system for multiple media types, including dry ice and grit |
JP4719249B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-11 | 2011-07-06 | 株式会社不二機販 | 表面酸化耐摩耗潤滑被膜及びその形成方法 |
JP5381045B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-26 | 2014-01-08 | 新東工業株式会社 | ショットピーニング用投射材の製造方法 |
US8893538B2 (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-11-25 | Fuji Kihan Co., Ltd. | Instantaneous heat treatment method for metal product |
-
2013
- 2013-09-18 JP JP2013193254A patent/JP5723942B2/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-14 US US14/895,321 patent/US20160193658A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-09-17 CN CN201480035621.1A patent/CN105339112B/zh active Active
- 2014-09-17 WO PCT/JP2014/074518 patent/WO2015041236A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-09-17 EP EP14845712.0A patent/EP3047925B1/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-06-20 HK HK16107071.9A patent/HK1219075A1/zh unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS63312071A (ja) * | 1987-06-10 | 1988-12-20 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 亜鉛ブラストショットの製造方法 |
JP2001225270A (ja) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-21 | Fuji Seisakusho:Kk | サンドブラスト装置及びサンドブラスト装置における研掃材の分級方法及び該方法におけるダスト捕集方法 |
JP2007297651A (ja) * | 2006-04-27 | 2007-11-15 | Fuji Wpc:Kk | 硬質金属表面における結晶粒微細化方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019230806A1 (ja) | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-05 | 株式会社 東芝 | 3dプリンタ用金属粉、造形物、および造形物の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3047925B1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
JP2015059236A (ja) | 2015-03-30 |
JP5723942B2 (ja) | 2015-05-27 |
CN105339112A (zh) | 2016-02-17 |
HK1219075A1 (zh) | 2017-03-24 |
EP3047925A4 (en) | 2017-06-07 |
CN105339112B (zh) | 2017-04-19 |
US20160193658A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
EP3047925A1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5723942B2 (ja) | 粉末状金属材料の表面処理方法 | |
Fang et al. | Powder metallurgy of titanium–past, present, and future | |
Antony et al. | Processes for production of high-purity metal powders | |
Upadhyaya | Powder metallurgy technology | |
JP2014515792A5 (ja) | ||
Mahamood et al. | Characterization of laser deposited Ti6Al4V/TiC composite powders on a Ti6Al4V substrate | |
Dhiman et al. | A framework for effective and clean conversion of machining waste into metal powder feedstock for additive manufacturing | |
WO2012148984A2 (en) | Spherical molybdenum disulfide powders, molybdenum disulfide coatings, and methods for producing same | |
Saravanakumar et al. | Assessment of microstructure and wear behavior of aluminum nitrate reinforced surface composite layers synthesized using friction stir processing on copper substrate | |
Dobrzański et al. | Manufacturing powders of metals, their alloys and ceramics and the importance of conventional and additive technologies for products manufacturing in Industry 4.0 stage | |
Selvakumar et al. | Effect of particle size of B4C reinforcement on Ti-6Al-4V sintered composite prepared by mechanical milling method | |
Solonenko et al. | Effect of the microstructure of SHS powders of titanium carbide–nichrome on the properties of detonation coatings | |
WO2004106587A1 (ja) | 放電表面処理用電極、放電表面処理用電極の製造方法、放電表面処理装置および放電表面処理方法 | |
Zhou et al. | Metal Powder-Based Additive Manufacturing | |
Chesnokov et al. | Preparation of the composite powder Al–B4C by ball milling for cold spray | |
Ndaliman et al. | Formation of nitrides and carbides on titanium alloy surface through EDM | |
TWI586460B (zh) | Surface treatment of powdered metallic materials | |
JP2754680B2 (ja) | 金属粉末の処理方法 | |
RU2493938C2 (ru) | Композиционный нанопорошок и способ его получения | |
JP2015140461A (ja) | 放電表面処理用の電極及びその製造方法 | |
Ageev et al. | Composition, Structure and Properties of Hard Alloy Products from Electroerosive Powders Obtained from T5K10 Hard Alloy Waste in Kerosene | |
JP7296232B2 (ja) | 中実球状粉末の製造方法及び造形製品の製造方法 | |
Tapphorn et al. | The solid-state spray forming of low-oxide titanium components | |
Fullenwider | From Recycled Machining Waste to Useful Powders: Sustainable Fabrication and Utilization of Feedstock Powder for Metal Additive Manufacturing | |
Colella et al. | Powder production techniques for high-pressure cold spray |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 201480035621.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14845712 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14895321 Country of ref document: US |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2014845712 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014845712 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: IDP00201600717 Country of ref document: ID |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |