WO2015039467A1 - 一种阵列基板、显示面板及其显示装置 - Google Patents

一种阵列基板、显示面板及其显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015039467A1
WO2015039467A1 PCT/CN2014/079698 CN2014079698W WO2015039467A1 WO 2015039467 A1 WO2015039467 A1 WO 2015039467A1 CN 2014079698 W CN2014079698 W CN 2014079698W WO 2015039467 A1 WO2015039467 A1 WO 2015039467A1
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Prior art keywords
light
array substrate
color
display panel
layer
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PCT/CN2014/079698
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨亚锋
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015039467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015039467A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133621Illuminating devices providing coloured light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to an array substrate, a display panel, and a display device thereof.
  • the display on the existing market is usually a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFTMXD), including a display panel and a backlight module.
  • TFTMXD thin film transistor liquid crystal display
  • a display panel of a TF LCD includes: an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer filled between the array substrate and the color filter substrate.
  • the liquid crystal molecules on the liquid crystal layer are deflected, thereby changing the polarity of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer, and determining the brightness and darkness of the display pixels of the liquid crystal display through the upper and lower polarizers, and then
  • the red, green and blue colors of each pixel are formed by the color filter substrate, and the pixels capable of emitting three colors of red, green and blue constitute the image display color of the liquid crystal display.
  • the color filter substrate comprises a color filter, which is filtered by a color filter to generate only three primary colors of red, green and blue, and then the three primary colors are mixed in different proportions to produce colors of different colors, so that the liquid crystal display is presented. color.
  • the color filter is a color film substrate and a key component of the liquid crystal display, but it is also the most costly component of the liquid crystal display, and if a liquid crystal display without a color filter can be developed, , can achieve the purpose of greatly reducing costs.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an array substrate, a display panel, and a display device thereof, which are improved in structure so that the display panel does not require a color filter, and the display device can realize color image display.
  • the present invention provides an array substrate, including a substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, wherein the array substrate further includes a light splitting layer, and the light splitting layer includes a plurality of first prism units, Refraction by light to form a plurality of color rays, so that each of the pixel units is connected
  • the color and area of the light passing through the first prism unit correspond to the set color and the set area of the pixel unit.
  • each of the first prism units corresponds to one of the pixel units.
  • the pixel unit includes at least three sub-pixel units, and ffi is transmitted through the light according to a set color and a set area of at least three of the sub-pixel units of the pixel unit. Perform color refraction.
  • the pixel unit includes three sub-pixel units, and the colors of the three sub-pixel units correspond to red, green, and blue, respectively.
  • the pixel unit includes four sub-pixel units, and the colors of the four sub-pixel units correspond to red, green, blue, and white, respectively.
  • the light splitting layer is directly attached to the substrate, or a polarizer is further disposed between the light splitting layer and the substrate.
  • the present invention also provides a display panel including an upper polarizer, a lower polarizer, and a liquid crystal layer and an array substrate sequentially disposed between the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer, the array substrate including a plurality of pixel units
  • the display panel further includes a light splitting layer, including a plurality of first prism units, configured to refract the transmitted light to form a plurality of color rays, such that each of the pixel units receives the The color and area of the light of the first prism unit correspond to the set color and the set area of the pixel unit.
  • the light-splitting layer is attached to a side of the array substrate opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and the lower polarizer is attached to the light-splitting layer.
  • the lower polarizer is attached to a surface of the array substrate opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and the light splitting layer is attached to the lower polarizer.
  • the present invention also provides a display device including a backlight, and further comprising a display panel as described above.
  • the backlight includes a light source and a light refraction layer, and the light refraction layer is disposed between the light source and the display panel for transmitting light emitted by the light source. The direction is converted to be perpendicular to the lower polarizer.
  • the light refraction layer includes a plurality of second prism units.
  • At least one of the above technical solutions has the following beneficial effects: using the light splitting action of the light splitting layer, the light from the light source is refracted according to the size and area of the pixel unit on the column substrate to form a plurality of color light rays, so that After the light splitting through the first prism unit on the light splitting layer, when the light is transmitted to the array substrate, the divided color corresponds to the color of the pixel unit of the array substrate and the size of the set region, so that it is possible to make the color filter film unnecessary.
  • the display panel presents a color image display of different colors to achieve the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost of the display panel and the display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a display panel according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of color segmentation of the prism unit on the light splitting layer of the present invention to form a color corresponding to each pixel unit of the array substrate;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a prism unit on the light splitting layer
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the display panel of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a display device according to the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an array substrate comprising a substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the substrate, the array substrate further comprising a light splitting layer, the light splitting layer comprising a plurality of first prism units, The light is refracted to form a plurality of color rays, such that the color and area of light received by each of the pixel units through the first prism unit corresponds to a color and an area set by the pixel unit.
  • each of the first prism units corresponds to one pixel unit.
  • Each pixel unit includes at least three sub-pixel units, each of which corresponds to a certain color of light.
  • the three sub-pixel units may correspond to red light, green light, and blue light, respectively.
  • each pixel unit may further include four sub-pixel units, and four pixel units respectively Corresponding to red, green, blue, and white light, the prism can be directly placed in the white light to directly pass the light of the backlight, which can increase the brightness of the display.
  • the array substrate of the present invention refracts light from the light source to form a plurality of color rays according to the size and area of the pixel unit on the array substrate by providing a light splitting layer and a light splitting action of the prism, so that the light passing through the light splitting layer After the light splitting of the prism unit, when the light is transmitted to the array substrate, the formed color corresponds to the set color and the set region size of the pixel unit of the array substrate, and thus the display panel including the array substrate of the present invention is used. It is also possible to display a color image of a different color without providing a filter color film.
  • the present invention also provides a display panel including an upper polarizer, a lower polarizer, and a liquid crystal layer and an array substrate sequentially disposed between the upper polarizer and the lower polarizer, the array substrate including a plurality of pixel units
  • the display panel further includes a light splitting layer, and a plurality of first prism units are disposed, and the ffi refracts the transmitted light to form a plurality of color rays, so that each of the pixel units receives the light
  • the color and area of the first prism unit light correspond to the color and area set by the pixel unit.
  • the light from the light source is refracted according to the size and area of the pixel unit on the column substrate to form light of a plurality of colors, so that the first prism unit on the light splitting layer is split. Then, when the light is transmitted to the array substrate, the color formed corresponds to the size of the set area of the pixel unit of the array substrate, so that the color display film can be displayed without displaying the color filter film.
  • each pixel unit is composed of sub-pixel units of three colors of red R, green G, and blue B, and thus the first prism unit of the spectroscopic layer is specifically used according to three sub-pixel units.
  • the color of the pixel unit refracts the transmitted light to form a plurality of colors of light, and the transmitted light is refracted into three colors of R, G, and B, and when the light is transmitted to the column substrate, each color and one The pixel area of the sub-pixel unit corresponds.
  • the display panel in a first embodiment of the display panel of the present invention, includes an upper polarizer 10 , a lower polarizer 20 , and a liquid crystal layer 30 sequentially disposed between the upper polarizer 10 and the lower polarizer 20 .
  • the array substrate 40 wherein the liquid crystal layer 30 indicates the space occupied by it in FIG.
  • the specific structural form is not explicitly shown. Since the structure of the liquid crystal layer 30 is well known to those skilled in the art, this part of the structure is not the focus of the technical solution of the present invention and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the display panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention further includes a light splitting layer 50.
  • the light splitting layer 50 can be attached to a substrate (not shown) included in the array substrate 40.
  • the lower polarizer 20 is attached to the light splitting layer 50; and the upper polarizer 10 is attached to a glass substrate 60, wherein the glass substrate 60 is opposite to the array substrate 40, and is located on the opposite side of the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the case is configured as a liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the display panel of the structure shown in FIG. 1 provides a light source to the display panel by using a backlight.
  • the emitted natural light is transmitted to the display panel, only the direction of vibration is the same as the direction of the polarization axis of the lower polarizer 20 after passing through the lower polarizer 20.
  • the light is formed as linearly polarized light, and the linearly polarized light is emitted from the upper polarizer 10 after passing through the liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the electric field of each thin film transistor on the array substrate 40 is changed to make the liquid crystal
  • the liquid crystal molecules on the layer 30 are deflected to change the polarity of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 30, so that the display pixels of the display exhibit different light and dark states.
  • the display panel is configured to refract the linearly polarized light passing through the lower polarizer 20 to form three colors of RGB.
  • Each prism unit 51 on the light splitting layer 50 corresponds to the array substrate 40.
  • the light-splitting layer 50 may be provided in a structure capable of forming red, green, blue, and white.
  • the prism unit 51 is disposed in the corresponding region to form three colors of RGB, and the prism unit 51 is not disposed in the corresponding region, but the white light is directly transmitted and transmitted to the white corresponding region of the pixel unit on the array substrate, thereby Formed as four colors of RGBW.
  • the array substrate 40 is provided with a plurality of pixel units, each of which includes at least one thin film transistor, and the structure and working principle are the same as those of the prior art array substrate. This will not be described in detail.
  • the substrate in the array substrate 40 mentioned above refers to all the constituent parts including the glass substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed thereon.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of color refraction of the prism unit 51 (first prism unit) to form a color corresponding to each sub-pixel unit of the array substrate 40;
  • the prism unit 51 can be formed as a triangular prism, as shown in the structural diagram of FIG. 3, according to the principle that the triangular prism can generate dispersion for the complex color light.
  • the propagation speed will be different due to the action of the medium. It is smaller than the vacuum, and the speed of propagation of each monochromatic light in the medium varies depending on the wavelength.
  • the medium The refractive index increases sequentially, and the deflection angle also increases sequentially, that is, the deflection relative to the bottom surface of the triangular prism increases sequentially.
  • the incident light generated by the incident white light is refracted by the triangular prism and dispersed into seven colors of monochromatic light.
  • red light is formed at the top, and the violet light is at the bottom of the seven-color spectrum.
  • the two tilt angles a and ⁇ of the prism unit are selected (as shown in FIG. 3). And the refractive index, etc., the light of one or several colors can be obtained.
  • the distance between the prism and the moving screen is changed to move the prism closer to or away from the ground, the width of the corresponding color projected onto the moving screen can be changed.
  • the color and area of the light passing through the prism unit 51 received by each pixel unit on the array substrate 40 are constant, by setting the prism unit 51 and The distance between the pixel units of the array substrate 40, and the inclination angles ⁇ and ⁇ of the selected prism unit 51, the refractive index, etc., enable the corresponding sub-pixel unit to obtain light having a certain area and color, and between the respective colors. Separated by a black matrix on the column substrate 40.
  • the present invention further provides a display panel having the structure of the second embodiment.
  • the display panel includes the upper polarizer 10 and the lower polarizer 20, and is sequentially disposed on the same as the first embodiment.
  • the liquid crystal layer 30 and the array substrate 40 between the upper polarizer 10 and the lower polarizer 20 further include a light splitting layer 50, but unlike the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, the lower polarizer 20 is directly attached.
  • the light-splitting layer 50 is attached to the lower polarizer 20.
  • the setting of the spectroscopic layer 50 is performed, and before the natural light emitted by the light source received by the display panel is converted into linearly polarized light, the light is refracted into three colors of RGB, so that the formed After each color light is converted into linearly polarized light by the lower polarizer 20, and transmitted to the array substrate 40, each color corresponds to one sub-pixel unit, and each of the different colors is separated by a black matrix on the array substrate 40.
  • the prism unit 51 on the spectroscopic layer 50 refracts the transmitted light to form a color corresponding to each sub-pixel unit of the array substrate 40, which is the same as the first embodiment. No longer.
  • the backlight includes a light source 70 and a light refraction layer 71, wherein the light
  • the refractive layer 71 is disposed between the light source 70 and the display panel, and is configured to convert a transmission direction of the light emitted by the light source 70 to be perpendicular to the lower polarizer 20.
  • the light refraction layer 71 includes a plurality of prism units 72 (second prism units), and the light is redirected by the prisms to redirect the light after passing through the prism unit 70, before entering the lower polarizer 20 Vertically to the lower polarizer 20, the scattered light emitted by the light source 70 is concentrated as vertically as possible to make full use of the light emitted by the light source 70 for image display.
  • the display panel may also be formed as the structure of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, wherein the backlight may also include the light source 70 and the light refraction layer 71 as shown in FIG. 5. , the transmission direction of the light emitted by the light source 70 is converted to be perpendicular to the lower polarizer 20.
  • the light from the light source is refracted to form a plurality of colors according to the size and area of the pixel unit on the array substrate, so that the first layer passes through the light splitting layer.
  • the prism unit is split, when the light is transmitted to the array substrate, the color formed is exactly the same as the set color of the pixel unit of the column substrate and the size of the set region, so that the display panel can be rendered without using a filter color film.
  • the color image display of different colors is used to achieve the purpose of reducing the manufacturing cost of the display panel and the display device.

Abstract

一种阵列基板、显示面板及其显示装置。所述阵列基板包括设置在基板上的多个像素单元,其中,所述阵列基板还包括有分光层(50),所述分光层(50)包括多个第一棱镜单元(51),用于对所透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色光线,使每一所述像素单元所接收透过所述第一棱镜单元(51)光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元设定的颜色和面积对应,上述结构的阵列基板使得显示面板无需彩色滤光片,也能够使显示装置实现彩色图像显示。

Description

本发明涉及显示技术领域, 尤其是指一种阵列基板、 显示面板及其显示 装置。
现有市场上的显示器通常为薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(TFTMXD, Thin Film transistor liquid crystal display ), 包括显示面板及背光模组两咅盼。
通常 TF LCD的显示面板包括: 阵列基板、彩膜基板和填充在所述阵列 基板和所述彩膜基板之间的液晶层。 利用阵列基板上各薄膜晶体管的电场变 化, 使液晶层上的液晶分子发生偏转, 藉以改变通过液晶层光线的偏极性, 并通过上、 下偏光片决定液晶显示器的显示像素的明暗状态, 再通过彩膜基 板形成每个像素的红、 绿和蓝三色, 这些能够发出红、 绿和蓝三色的像素则 构成了液晶显示器的图像显示颜色。
其中, 彩膜基板包括彩色滤光片, 利用彩色滤光片进行滤光, 仅产生红、 绿和蓝三基色, 再将该三基色以不同比例混合而产生不同颜色的色彩, 使液 晶显示器呈现彩色。
因此, 现有技术的液晶显示器中, 彩色滤光片是彩膜基板也是液晶显示 器的关键组件, 然而却也是液晶显示器中成本最高的组件, 若能够开发出一 种无需彩色滤光片的液晶显示器, 则能够达到大大降低成本的目的。
根据以上, 本发明技术方案的目的是提供一种阵列基板、 显示面板及其 显示装置, 通过结构改进, 使显示面板无需彩色滤光片, 也能够使显示装置 实现彩色图像显示。
本发明提供一种阵列基板, 包括基板和设置在基板上的多个像素单元, 其中, 所述阵列基板还包括有分光层, 所述分光层包括多个第一棱镜单元, )¾于对所透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接 收的透过所述第一棱镜单元的光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元的设定颜色 和设定面积对应。
优选地, 上述所述的阵列基板, 其中, 每一个所述第一棱镜单元与一个 所述像素单元对应。
优选地, 上述所述的阵列基板, 所述像素单元至少包括三个子像素单元, ffi于依据所述像素单元的至少三个所述子像素单元的设定颜色和设定面积对 所透过光线进行颜色折射。
优选地, 上述所述的阵列基板, 所述像素单元包括三个子像素单元, 所 述三个子像素单元的颜色分别对应为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
优选地, 上述所述的阵列基板, 所述像素单元包括四个子像素单元, 所 述四个子像素单元的颜色分别对应为红色、 绿色、 蓝色和白色。
优选地, 上述所述的阵列基板, 所述分光层直接贴附在所述基板上, 或 者所述分光层与所述基板之间还设置有偏光片。
本发明还提供一种显示面板, 包括上偏光片、 下偏光片及依次设置在所 述上偏光片与所述下偏光片之间的液晶层及阵列基板, 所述阵列基板包括多 个像素单元, 其中, 所述显示面板还包括分光层, 包括多个第一棱镜单元, )¾于对所透过光线进行折射形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接收 的透过所述第一棱镜单元的光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元的设定颜色和 设定面积对应。
优选地, 上述所述的显示面板, 所述分光层贴附在所述阵列基板的与所 述液晶层相背对的一面上, 所述下偏光片贴附在所述分光层上。
优选地, 上述所述的显示面板, 所述下偏光片贴險在所述阵列基板的与 所述液晶层相背对的一面上, 所述分光层贴附在所述下偏光片上。
本发明还提供一种显示装置, 包括背光源, 还包括如上所述的显示面板。 优选地, 上述所述的显示装置, 所述背光源包括光源和光线折射层, 所 述光线折射层设置于所述光源和所述显示面板之间, 用于将所述光源发出的 光线的传输方向转换为垂直于所述下偏光片。
优选地, 上述所述的显示装置, 所述光线折射层上包括有多个第二棱镜 单元。 本发明具体实施例上述技术方案中的至少一个具有以下有益效果: 利用分光层的分光作用, 依据 列基板上像素单元的尺寸与面积, 将来 自光源的光进行折射以形成多种颜色光线, 使经过分光层上第一棱镜单元的 分光之后, 光线传输至阵列基板时, 所分割的颜色恰好与阵列基板的像素单 元的颜色和设定区域大小相对应, 因此无需采用滤光彩膜, 也能够使显示面 板呈现出不同颜色构成的彩色图像显示, 达到降低显示面板及显示装置制造 成本的目的。
图 1为本发明所述显示面板的第一实施例的结构示意图;
图 2为本发明利^分光层上棱镜单元进行颜色分割, 形成与阵列基板各 像素单元所对应颜色的原理示意图;
图 3为所述分光层上棱镜单元的结构示意图;
图 4为本发明所述显示面板的第二实施例的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明所述显示装置的第一实施例的结构示意图。
为使本发明的实施例要解决的技术问题、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下 面将结合險图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
本发明提供一种阵列基板, 包括基板和设置在基板上的多个像素单元, 所述阵列基板还包括有分光层, 所述分光层包括多个第一棱镜单元, )¾于对 所透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接收的透 过所述第一棱镜单元光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元设定的颜色和面积对 应。
其中, 每一个第一棱镜单元与一个像素单元对应。
每一个像素单元至少包括三个子像素单元, 每个子像素单元对应一定颜 色的光。
其中, 三个子像素单元可以分别对应红色光、 绿色光和蓝色光。
优选地, 每个像素单元还可以包括四个子像素单元, 四个像素单元分别 对应红色光、 绿色光、 蓝色光和白色光, 在白色光处可以不设置棱镜, 直接 使背光源的光通过, 以此方式可以增加显示的亮度。
本发明所述阵列基板, 通过设置分光层, 利^棱镜的分光作用, 依据阵 列基板上像素单元的尺寸与面积, 将来自光源的光进行折射以形成多种颜色 光线, 使经过分光层上第一棱镜单元的分光之后, 光线传输至阵列基板时, 所形成的颜色恰好与阵列基板的像素单元的设定颜色和设定区域大小相对 应, 因此采用包含本发明所述阵列基板的显示面板, 无需设置滤光彩膜, 也 能够呈现出不同颜色构成的彩色图像显示。
本发明还提供一种显示面板, 包括上偏光片、 下偏光片及依次设置在所 述上偏光片与所述下偏光片之间的液晶层及阵列基板, 所述阵列基板包括多 个像素单元, 其中, 所述显示面板还包括分光层, 设置有多个第一棱镜单元, ffi于对所透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接 收透过所述第一棱镜单元光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元设定的颜色和面 积对应。
本发明所述显示面板, 利用棱镜的分光作用, 依据 列基板上像素单元 的尺寸与面积, 将来自光源的光进行折射以形成多种颜色的光线, 使经过分 光层上第一棱镜单元的分光之后, 光线传输至阵列基板时, 所形成的颜色恰 好与阵列基板的像素单元的设定区域大小相对应, 因此无需采 滤光彩膜, 也能够使显示面板呈现出不同颜色构成的彩色图像显示。
通常, 在显示面板的阵列基板上, 每一像素单元由红色 R、 绿色 G和蓝 色 B三种颜色的子像素单元构成, 因此具体地所述分光层的第一棱镜单元用 于依据三个子像素单元的颜色对所透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色的光 线, 将所透过光线折射形成为 R、 G和 B三种颜色, 且当光线传输至 列基 板时, 每一颜色与一子像素单元的像素区域相对应。
以下结合图 1至图 4对本发明具体实施例所述阵列基板及显示面板的具 体结构及工作原理进行详细说明。
参阅图 1, 本发明所述显示面板的第一实施例中, 所述显示面板包括上 偏光片 10、 下偏光片 20以及依次设置于上偏光片 10与下偏光片 20之间的 液晶层 30和阵列基板 40, 其中液晶层 30在图 1中汉指示了其所占用的空间 部分, 未明确显示其具体结构形式, 由于该液晶层 30的结构为本领域技术人 员所熟知技术, ϋ该部分结构并非为本发明技术方案的重点, 在此不详细说 明。
此外, 根据图 1, 本发明第一实施例所述显示面板中, 还包括分光层 50, 具体地, 所述分光层 50可以贴 于阵列基板 40所包含的基板 (该基板未图 示) 上, 且位于与液晶层 30相背对的一面, 所述下偏光片 20贴 在分光层 50上; 另外, 上偏光片 10贴附于一玻璃基板 60上, 其中玻璃基板 60与阵 列基板 40相对盒构成为液晶层 30。
图 1所示结构的显示面板, 利用背光源向显示面板提供光源, 当所发出 的自然光传输至显示面板, 通过下偏光片 20后, 只剩下振动方向与下偏光片 20的偏光轴的方向相同的光, 形成为线偏振光, 线偏振光经过液晶层 30后 由上偏光片 10射出; 此外, 当线偏振光通过液晶层 30时, 利用阵列基板 40 上各薄膜晶体管的电场变化, 使液晶层 30上的液晶分子发生偏转, 藉以改变 通过液晶层 30的光线的偏极性, 使显示器的显示像素呈现不同的明暗状态。
进一歩地, 所述显示面板利) ¾分光层 50, 将经过下偏光片 20后的线偏 振光进行颜色折射, 形成为 RGB三色, 分光层 50上的每一棱镜单元 51对 应阵列基板 40上的一个像素单元, 在经过分光层 50之后, 光线传输至阵列 基板 40时, 每一颜色对应一个子像素单元, 且各不同颜色之间通过阵列基板 40上的黑色矩阵所分隔。
除上述实现方式之外, 当像素单元形成为 RGBW 结构时, 所述分光层 50也可以设置为能够形成红色、 绿色、 蓝色和白色的结构。 具体地, 通过在 对应区域设置棱镜单元 51而形成为 RGB三色, 通过在对应区域不设置棱镜 单元 51 , 而是使白光直接透过, 且传输至阵列基板上像素单元的白色对应区 域, 从而形成为 RGBW四种颜色。
正如本领域技术人员所熟知的, 本发明中, 所述阵列基板 40设置有多个 像素单元, 每个像素单元包括至少一个薄膜晶体管, 其结构与工作原理与现 有技术的阵列基板相同, 在此不作详细描述。上述所提及的阵列基板 40中的 基板则是指包括玻璃衬底及设置在其上的多个像素单元的所有构成部分。
所述分光层 50的结构示意图如图 1所示, 其工作原理说明如下: 如图 2所示为本发明利用棱镜单元 51 (第一棱镜单元) 进行颜色折射, 形成与阵列基板 40的各子像素单元所对应的颜色的原理示意图;
所述棱镜单元 51可形成为三棱镜, 如图 3的结构示意图, 根据三棱镜能 够对复色光产生色散作用原理: 不同波长的单色光在介质中传播时, 由于受 到介质的作用不同, 传播速度会比真空中小, 且各单色光由于波长不同在介 质中的传播速度也各不相同。在正常色散的情况下, 由柯希方程的经验公式: i a+b/λ2 (其 η为折射率, a和 b分别为与棱镜材料有关的常数, 也叫色散 常数, λ 为波长) 可知, 波长值越大, 反而在介质传输的折射率越小, 在可 见光区域中, 由于红光的波长值最大, 因而在三棱镜该介质中传输的折射率 最小, 而紫光由于波长值最小, 在三棱镜该介质中传输的折射率最大。
此外由公式 ν^λί (其中 V为光在介质中的传输速度, λ为波长, f为频率) 和]: F¾/V (其中 n为折射率, c为光在真空中的传输速度, V为光在介质中的 传输速度)也可得出, 对于同波源的一束平行光(如白光), 由于波源的频率 f由波源决定, 是相同的, 当这样的一束白光射入三棱镜时, 由于红光波长值 最大, 在三棱镜介质中的传播速度最大, 因而介质的折射率最小, 即偏向角 最小; 而紫光的波长值最小, 在三棱镜中的传播速度最小, 因而介质的折射 率最大, 偏向角最大。
而由于组成白光的各单色光的波长是按红、 橙、 黄、 绿、 蓝、 靛、 紫的 顺序依次减小, 由前面关于波长与折射率关系的分析, 依据该一原理, 介质 的折射率依次增大, 偏向角也依次增大, 即相对于三棱镜底面的偏折依次增 大, 如图 2 , 入射白光经三棱镜折射后产生的出射光线分散为七种颜色的单 色光线, 可以在移动光屏上形成红光在最上方, 紫光在最下方的七色光谱。
基于上述原理, 当设置于三棱镜前方) ¾于接收从三棱镜所射出的光线的 移动光屏距离三棱镜的距离固定时, 通过选定棱镜单元的两个倾斜角度 a和 β (如图 3所示) 和折射率等, 可以获得某一种或几种颜色的光线, 当改变 三棱镜距离移动光屏的距离而使三棱镜接近或远离地移动时, 可以改变投射 至移动光屏上相应颜色的宽度。
同理, 当将上述原理应用于本发明, 要求阵列基板 40上各像素单元所接 收的通过棱镜单元 51的光线的颜色和面积一定时, 通过设定棱镜单元 51与 阵列基板 40的像素单元之间的距离, 以及选定棱镜单元 51的倾斜角度 α和 β、折射率等, 则可以使相应的子像素单元获得具有一定面积和颜色的光线, 且各个颜色之间利用 列基板 40上的黑色矩阵分隔。
此外, 本发明还提供第二实施例结构的显示面板, 如图 4所示, 与第一 实施例相同, 第二实施例所述显示面板包括上偏光片 10、 下偏光片 20 以及 依次设置于上偏光片 10与下偏光片 20之间的液晶层 30和阵列基板 40, 此 外还包括分光层 50, 但与第一实施例不同, 第二实施例中, 所述下偏光片 20 直接贴附在所述 列基板 40的与所述液晶层 30相背对的一面上, 而所述分 光层 50贴附在所述下偏光片 20上。
在第二实施例中, 利 ffi所述分光层 50的设置, 在显示面板接收的光源所 发出的自然光被转换为线偏振光之前, 将光线进行折射, 分为 RGB三色, 使 所形成的各颜色光线经过下偏光片 20转换为线偏振光之后,传输至阵列基板 40 时, 每一颜色对应一个子像素单元, 且各不同颜色之间通过阵列基板 40 上的黑色矩阵所分隔。
其中, 第二实施例中, 利用分光层 50上的棱镜单元 51使所透过的光线 产生折射, 形成与阵列基板 40各子像素单元所对应颜色的原理, 与第一实施 例相同, 在此不再赘述。
本发明具体实施例另一方面还提供一种具有上述显示面板的显示装置, 包括背光源, 通过背光源为显示面板提供显示图像所 光线。 如图 5为本发 明所述显示装置采用第一实施例的所述显示面板时的结构示意图, 在本发明 所述显示装置中, 所述背光源包括光源 70和光线折射层 71, 其中该光线折 射层 71设置于所述光源 70和显示面板之间,)¾于将所述光源 70发出的光线 的传输方向转换为垂直于所述下偏光片 20。
具体地, 所述光线折射层 71上包括多个棱镜单元 72 (第二棱镜单元), 利用棱镜对光线的折射作用, 使经过棱镜单元 70后的光线转换方向, 在入射 至下偏光片 20之前垂直于下偏光片 20, 这样将光源 70所发出的分散光线尽 量集中竖直向上传播, 以充分利用光源 70所发出光线用于图像显示。
本领域技术人员应该了解能够使光线转换为竖直向上时棱镜单元的具体 结构, 在此不详细描述。 同样, 本发明所述显示装置中, 所述显示面板也可以形成为图 4所示第 二实施例的结构,其中所述背光源也可以包括如图 5所示的光源 70和光线折 射层 71, ^于将所述光源 70发出的光线的传输方向转换为垂直于所述下偏 光片 20。
本发明具体实施例所述显示面板和显示装置, 利用棱镜的分光作^, 依 据阵列基板上像素单元的尺寸与面积, 将来自光源的光进行折射形成多种颜 色, 这样经过分光层上第一棱镜单元的分光之后, 光线传输至阵列基板时, 所形成的颜色恰好与 列基板的像素单元的设定颜色与所设定区域大小相对 应, 因此无需采用滤光彩膜, 也能够使显示面板呈现出不同颜色构成的彩色 图像显示, 达到降低显示面板及显示装置制造成本的目的。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式, 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下, 还可以作出若干改进和 润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

1 . 一种 列基板, 包括基板和设置在基板上的多个像素单元, 其中, 所 述阵列基板还包括有分光层, 所述分光层包括多个第一棱镜单元, 用于对所 透过光线进行折射以形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接收的透过 所述第一棱镜单元的光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元的设定颜色和设定面 积对应。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的阵列基板, 其中, 每一个所述第一棱镜单元与一 个所述像素单元对应。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的阵列基板, 其中, 所述像素单元至少包括三 个子像素单元, 用于依据所述像素单元的至少三个所述子像素单元的设定颜 色和设定面积对所透过光线进行颜色折射。
4. 如权利要求 3所述的阵列基板, 其中, 所述像素单元包括三个子像素 单元, 所述三个子像素单元的颜色分别对应为红色、 绿色和蓝色。
5. 如权利要求 3所述的阵列基板, 其中, 所述像素单元包括四个子像素 单元, 所述四个子像素单元的颜色分别对应为红色、 绿色、 蓝色和白色。
6. 如权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的 列基板, 其中, 所述分光层直接 贴附在所述基板上, 或者所述分光层与所述基板之间还设置有偏光片。
7. 一种显示面板, 包括上偏光片、 下偏光片及依次设置在所述上偏光片 与所述下偏光片之间的液晶层及阵列基板,所述阵列基板包括多个像素单元, 其中, 所述显示面板还包括分光层, 包括多个第一棱镜单元, )¾于对所透过 光线进行折射形成多种颜色光线, 使每一所述像素单元所接收的透过所述第 一棱镜单元的光线的颜色和面积与所述像素单元的设定颜色和设定面积对 应。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述分光层贴 在所述 列基 板的与所述液晶层相背对的一面上, 所述下偏光片贴附在所述分光层上。
9. 如权利要求 7所述的显示面板, 其中, 所述下偏光片贴附在所述阵列 基板的与所述液晶层相背对的一面上, 所述分光层贴^在所述下偏光片上。
10. —种显示装置, 包括背光源, 其中, 还包括如权利要求 6至 8任一 项所述的显示面板。
11 . 如权利要求 10所述的显示装置, 其中, 所述背光源包括光源和光线 折射层, 所述光线折射层设置于所述光源和所述显示面板之间, 用于将所述 光源发出的光线的传输方向转换为垂直于所述下偏光片。
12. 如权利要求】 1所述的显示装置, 其中, 所述光线折射层上包括有多 I Pi - -一牧¾¾千 。
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