CN106959541A - 显示基板、显示面板和显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板、显示面板和显示装置 Download PDF

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CN106959541A
CN106959541A CN201610011930.6A CN201610011930A CN106959541A CN 106959541 A CN106959541 A CN 106959541A CN 201610011930 A CN201610011930 A CN 201610011930A CN 106959541 A CN106959541 A CN 106959541A
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display
base plate
substrate
light
display base
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高健
董学
陈小川
赵文卿
王倩
杨明
卢鹏程
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610011930.6A priority Critical patent/CN106959541A/zh
Priority to US15/532,263 priority patent/US20180314111A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/097844 priority patent/WO2017118063A1/zh
Publication of CN106959541A publication Critical patent/CN106959541A/zh
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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Abstract

本发明提供一种显示基板,所述显示基板包括衬底和设置在所述衬底一侧的偏光片,其中,所述显示基板还包括分光膜,所述分光膜设置在所述偏光片和所述衬底之间,所述分光膜朝向所述衬底的表面上形成有多个分光结构,且所述分光膜的朝向所述衬底的表面被划分为多个分光单元,每个所述分光单元内的所述分光结构均能够将射入所述分光单元的光分成波长不同、且出射方向不同的多束光。本发明还提供一种显示面板和一种显示装置。在本发明所提供的显示基板中,穿过所述分光膜射入衬底的光即为彩色光,不需要在经过滤光膜进行滤光,可以提高包括本发明所提供的显示基板的显示面板的亮度,并降低能耗。

Description

显示基板、显示面板和显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示装置领域,具体地,涉及一种显示基板、一种包括该显示基板的显示面板和一种包括该显示面板的显示装置。
背景技术
图1中所示的是一种常见的液晶显示装置的示意图,如图中所示,所述液晶显示装置包括背光源100、阵列基板200、对盒基板400和封装在阵列基板200和对盒基板400之间的液晶层300。对盒基板400上设置有彩色滤光膜,如图中所示,所述彩色滤光膜包括红色色阻块R、绿色色阻块G和蓝色色阻块B三种颜色的色阻块。
但是,这种液晶显示装置能耗较高。因此,如何降低液晶显示装置的能耗成为本领域亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种显示基板、一种显示面板和一种显示装置。所述显示装置具有较低的能耗。
为了实现上述目的,作为本发明的一个方面,提供一种显示基板,所述显示基板包括衬底和设置在所述衬底一侧的偏光片,其中,所述显示基板还包括分光膜,所述分光膜设置在所述偏光片和所述衬底之间,所述分光膜朝向所述衬底的表面上形成有多个分光结构,且所述分光膜的朝向所述衬底的表面被划分为多个分光单元,每个所述分光单元内的所述分光结构均能够将射入所述分光单元的光分成波长不同、且出射方向不同的多束光。
优选地,所述衬底的另一侧被划分为多个像素单元,每个所述分光单元对应于一个所述像素单元。
优选地,每个所述像素单元包括三个子像素单元,每个所述分光单元内的分光结构能够将入射光线分成红色光线、绿色光线和蓝色光线,所述红色光线、所述绿色光线和所述蓝色光线分别射入相应的三个子像素单元。
优选地,所述衬底的另一侧形成有像素电路。
优选地,所述显示基板还包括连接所述分光膜和所述衬底的粘结剂,所述粘结剂环绕所述衬底的边缘设置。
作为本发明的另一个方面,提供一种显示面板,所述显示面板包括第一显示基板和第二显示基板,所述第一显示基板和所述第二显示基板对盒设置,其中,所述第一显示基板为本发明所提供的上述显示基板。
作为本发明的还一个方面,提供一种显示装置,所述显示装置包括显示面板和背光源,其中,所述显示面板本发明所提供的上述显示面板,所述第一显示基板的偏光片朝向所述背光源。
优选地,所述背光源被划分为多个发光区域,每个所述发光区域内设置有至少一个发光二极管。
优选地,所述背光源与所述显示面板之间通过环绕所述显示面板的封框胶粘结在一起。
优选地,所述背光源、所述显示面板和所述封框胶共同围成密封腔室。
优选地,所述显示装置还包括背光源控制模块,所述背光源的发光区域包括发光子区域和遮挡子区域,所述发光子区域和所述遮挡子区域交替设置,所述背光源控制模块能够控制所述遮挡子区域中的发光二极管熄灭,并控制所述发光子区域中的发光二极管发光。
优选地,所述显示装置还包括人眼跟踪模块和灰阶控制模块,所述人眼跟踪模块能够获取观看者的人眼位置信息,并且所述人眼跟踪模块能够将获取到的所述人眼位置信息发送至所述灰阶控制模块,所述灰阶控制模块能够根据接收到的所述人眼位置信息生成正对所述观察者的人眼的图像。
在本发明所提供的显示基板中,穿过所述分光膜射入衬底的光即为彩色光,不需要在经过滤光膜进行滤光,可以提高包括本发明所提供的显示基板的显示面板的亮度。在相同的能耗条件下,包括本发明所提供的显示基板的显示装置的亮度大约是包括彩色滤光膜的显示装置的发光亮度的3倍。换言之,以较低的能耗即可获得具有理想亮度的显示图像,因此,本发明所提供的显示基板应用于显示装置中时可以使得所述显示装置更加节能。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中:
图1是现有的液晶显示装置的结构示意图;
图2是本发明所提供的显示基板的示意图;
图3是本发明所提供的显示基板的分光原理图;
图4是本发明所提供的显示装置的结构示意图;
图5a是观察者的人眼位于一个位置时,所述显示装置的显示原理示意图;
图5b是观察者的人眼位于另一个位置时,所述显示装置的显示原理示意图。
附图标记说明
100:背光源 110:发光二极管
200:第一显示基板 210:偏光片
220:分光膜 230:粘结剂
240:衬底 250:像素电路
251:红色像素单元 252:绿色像素单元
253:蓝色像素单元 300:液晶层
400:第二显示基板 500:封框胶
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
在图1中所示的液晶显示装置中,背光源100发出白色的光,白光通过红色色阻块R时,红色光线通过,其他颜色的光线被滤除,白光通过绿色色阻块G时,绿色光线通过,其他颜色的光线被滤除,白光通过蓝色色阻块B时,蓝色光线通过,其他颜色的光线被滤除。也就是说通过每种色阻块时,均有三分之二的光线被滤除,由此可知,利用所述彩色滤光膜会降低显示亮度,为了达到理想的亮度,需要提高背光源的亮度,从而增加了能耗。
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种显示基板,如图2所示,该显示基板包括衬底240和设置在衬底240一侧的偏光片210,其中,所述显示基板还包括分光膜220,该分光膜220设置在偏光片210和衬底240之间。分光膜220朝向衬底240的表面上形成有多个分光结构,且分光膜220朝向衬底240的表面被划分为多个分光单元,每个所述分光单元内的所述分光结构均能够将射入所述分光单元的光分成波长不同、且出射方向不同的多束光。
当本发明所提供的显示基板用于显示面板中时,所述显示基板位于所述显示面板的入光侧。背光源发出的光线射入偏光片210,由于偏光片210和衬底240之间设置了分光膜240,当白光色线偏振光透过分光膜220之后,被分成波长不同(即,颜色不同)、出射方向不同的多束线偏振光。
背光源发出的白光经过偏光片时,平行于偏光片210的偏振方向的偏振光大部分会被吸收,垂直于偏光片210的偏振方向的偏振光大部分会通过,先获得线偏振光再利用分光膜对线偏振光进行分光可以提高光线的透过率,并减少光线的损失。
每个分光单元出射的均是多种颜色不同的光,每个分光单元可以对应显示面板上的一个像素单元。容易理解的是,每个像素单元可以包括多个子像素单元,分光单元分出的多束光分别射入相应像素单元中的子像素中,从而可以实现彩色显示。
在本发明所提供的显示基板中,穿过所述分光膜射入衬底240的光即为彩色光,不需要在经过滤光膜进行滤光,可以提高包括本发明所提供的显示基板的显示面板的亮度。在相同的能耗条件下,包括本发明所提供的显示基板的显示装置的亮度大约是图1中所示的显示装置的发光亮度的3倍。换言之,以较低的能耗即可获得具有理想亮度的显示图像,因此,本发明所提供的显示基板应用于显示装置中时可以使得所述显示装置更加节能。
在本发明中个,每个分光单元内都可以包括多个分光结构。图3中示出了一种分光单元的具体实施方式,从图中可以看出,每个分光单元内设置有三个分光结构,每个分光结构的分光面均形成为阶梯状。
为了便于控制,优选地,衬底240的另一侧被划分为多个像素单元,每个所述分光单元对应于一个所述像素单元。
优选地,每个所述像素单元包括三个子像素单元,每个所述分光单元内的分光结构能够将入射光线分成红色光线、绿色光线和蓝色光线,所述红色光线、所述绿色光线和所述蓝色光线分别射入相应的三个子像素单元。
在本发明中,所述显示基板可以为阵列基板,也可以为对盒基板。需要解释的是,当所述显示基板为阵列基板时,在包括该阵列基板的显示装置中,阵列基板设置在所述背光源和所述对盒基板之间,此时,对盒基板上无需设置彩色滤光层。当所述显示件为对盒基板时,在包括该对盒基板的显示装置中,所述对盒基板设置在所述背光源和所述阵列基板之间。
在图2中所示的具体实施方式中,所述显示基板形成为阵列基板,衬底240的另一侧形成有像素电路。所述像素电路是指用于驱动液晶分子的电路。例如,所述像素电路可以包括栅线、数据线、公共电极线、像素电极、公共电极等结构。
像素电路250被划分为多个像素单元,如图3中所示,每个像素单元都包括红色像素单元251、绿色像素单元252和蓝色像素单元253。从相应的分光单元出射的光被分成朝向红色像素单元251照射的红光(参见图3中的虚线限定的区域)、朝向绿色像素单元252照射的绿光(参见图3中点划线限定的区域)和朝向蓝色像素单元253照射的蓝光(参见图3中双点划线限定的区域)。
在本发明中,分光膜220是形成在偏光片210上的,因此,可以在形成了偏光片210之后,在该偏光片210的一侧形成分光膜220,从而可以获得包括偏光片210和分光膜220的一体结构。可以利用粘结剂230将包括偏光片210和分光膜220的一体结构粘结在衬底240的一侧。需要指出的是,在粘结包括偏光片210和分光膜220的一体结构时,粘结剂不应当影响分光膜220上的分光结构。例如,可以仅在衬底240的四周涂布粘结剂230,并且粘结剂230不覆盖到分光膜220上的分光结构。
如图3中所示,分光膜220与像素单元之间存在间隙,通过合理设置分光膜与像素之间的间隙可以精确控制各个子像素单元的颜色。在本发明中,可以通过调节粘结剂230的厚度来调节分光膜220与衬底240之间的间隙。
作为本发明的另一个方面,提供一种显示面板,如图4中所示,所述显示面板包括第一显示基板200和第二显示基板400,第一显示基板200和第二显示基板400对盒设置,其中,第一显示基板200为本发明所提供的上述显示基板。
由于第一显示基板200是本发明所提供的上述显示基板,因此,第一显示基板200包括设置在偏光片210的出光侧的分光膜220,该分光膜220可以将白色的线偏振光分成多束波长不同(即,颜色不同)的线偏振光,因此,所述显示面板中无需设置彩色滤光膜。当本发明所提供的显示面板用于显示装置中时,背光源提供亮度较低的光即可显示具有理想亮度的图像,因此,本发明所提供的显示面板更加节能。
容易理解的是,本发明所提供的显示面板可以是液晶显示面板,因此,所述显示面板还包括封装在第一显示基板200和第二显示基板400之间的液晶层300。
容易理解的是,第二显示基板400的出光面上设置有偏光片,并且,第二显示基板400上的偏光片的偏振方向与第一显示基板200上的偏光片的偏振方向互相垂直。
作为本发明的还一个方面,提供一种显示装置,如图4所示,所述显示装置包括显示面板和背光源100,其中,所述显示面板本发明所提供的上述显示面板,第一显示基板200的偏光片210朝向背光源100。
由于第一显示基板200包括设置在偏光片210的出光侧的分光膜220,该分光膜220可以将白色的线偏振光分成多束波长不同(即,颜色不同)的线偏振光,因此,所述显示面板中无需设置彩色滤光膜。背光源100提供亮度较低的光即可显示具有理想亮度的图像,因此,本发明所提供的显示装置更加节能。
在本发明中,对背光源100的具体结构并没有特殊的限制,例如,背光源100可以包括发光元件和导光板、扩散板等光学膜片。
为了降低背光源100的厚度,优选地,该背光源100被划分为多个发光区域,每个所述发光区域内设置有至少一个发光二极管110。
每个发光二极管110都可以独立地进行控制,因此,可以独立地调节各个发光区域的亮度。换言之,利用包括发光二极管110的背光源100可以实现显示装置的局部调光,从而可以获得具有较优对比度的显示图像。
在本发明中,对背光源100和所述显示面板之间的连接方式也不做具体的规定。例如,可以利用前框将背光源100和所述显示面板固定连接。
作为本发明的一种优选实施方式,背光源100与所述显示面板之间通过环绕所述显示面板的封框胶500粘结在一起。
优选地,背光源100、所述显示面板和封框胶500共同围成密封腔室。如上文中所述,背光源100可以包括多个发白光的有机发光二极管110,在背光源100和所述显示面板之间形成密封腔室之后,可以防止外接水汽进入背光源100和所述显示面板之间,从而可以防止有机发光二极管110被水汽腐蚀氧化,延长显示装置的使用寿命。
优选地,所述显示装置还可以包括被光源控制模块,如图5所示,背光源100的发光区域包括发光子区域100a和遮挡子区域100b。发光子区域100a和遮挡子区域100b交替设置,所述背光源控制模块能够控制遮挡子区域100b中的发光二极管熄灭,并控制发光子区域100a中的发光二极管发光。
为了使得所述显示装置实现裸眼立体显示,优选地,在显示图像时,控制遮挡子区域100b中的发光二极管熄灭(即,不发光),控制发光子区域100a中的发光二极管发光。因此,背光源100可以形成成为光栅。为了实现裸眼立体显示,可以利用显示面板显示左眼图形和右眼图像。发光子区域100a发出的光线的一部分被分光膜220上相应的分光结构引导至显示左眼图像的像素,发光子区域100a发出的光线的另一部分被分光膜220上相应的分光结构引导至显示右眼图像的像素,并最终在显示面板的出光侧形成左眼视点和右眼视点。当观看者的眼睛分别位于左眼视点和右眼视点处时,左眼可观看到左眼图像,右眼可观看到右眼图像,左眼图像和右眼图像在观看者的人脑中重叠,形成立体图像。
本发明所提供的显示装置可以在平面显示和立体显示之间切换。为了实现平面显示,可以控制发光子区域100a的发光二极管和遮挡子区域100b的发光二极管均发光。为了实现立体显示,可以利用背光源控制模块控制遮挡子区域100b中的发光二极管熄灭,并控制发光子区域100a中的发光二极管发光。
优选地,所述显示装置还包括人眼跟踪模块和灰阶控制模块,所述人眼跟踪模块能够获取观看者的人眼位置信息,并且所述人眼跟踪模块能够将获取到的所述人眼位置信息发送至所述灰阶控制模块,所述灰阶控制模块能够根据接收到的所述人眼位置信息生成正对所述观察者的人眼的图像。无论观看者位于什么位置,均处于最佳观看位置,不会发生图像串扰。
当观看者位于图5a中所示的位置时,所述人眼跟踪模块能够获取人眼的位置信息,并且将获取到的人眼的位置信息发送至灰阶控制模块,该灰阶控制模块能够生成正对观看者人员的图像。当观看者位于图5b中的位置时,所述人眼跟踪模块能够获取人眼的位置信息,并且将获取到的人眼的位置信息发送至灰阶控制模块,该灰阶控制模块能够生成正对观看者人员的图像。
可以理解的是,以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式,然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下,可以做出各种变型和改进,这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种显示基板,所述显示基板包括衬底和设置在所述衬底一侧的偏光片,其特征在于,所述显示基板还包括分光膜,所述分光膜设置在所述偏光片和所述衬底之间,所述分光膜朝向所述衬底的表面上形成有多个分光结构,且所述分光膜的朝向所述衬底的表面被划分为多个分光单元,每个所述分光单元内的所述分光结构均能够将射入所述分光单元的光分成波长不同、且出射方向不同的多束光。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述衬底的另一侧被划分为多个像素单元,每个所述分光单元对应于一个所述像素单元。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示基板,其特征在于,每个所述像素单元包括三个子像素单元,每个所述分光单元内的分光结构能够将入射光线分成红色光线、绿色光线和蓝色光线,所述红色光线、所述绿色光线和所述蓝色光线分别射入相应的三个子像素单元。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述衬底的另一侧形成有像素电路。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述显示基板还包括连接所述分光膜和所述衬底的粘结剂,所述粘结剂环绕所述衬底的边缘设置。
6.一种显示面板,所述显示面板包括第一显示基板和第二显示基板,所述第一显示基板和所述第二显示基板对盒设置,其特征在于,所述第一显示基板为权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的显示基板。
7.一种显示装置,所述显示装置包括显示面板和背光源,其特征在于,所述显示面板为权利要求6所述的显示面板,所述第一显示基板的偏光片朝向所述背光源。
8.根据权利要求7所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述背光源被划分为多个发光区域,每个所述发光区域内设置有至少一个发光二极管。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述背光源与所述显示面板之间通过环绕所述显示面板的封框胶粘结在一起。
10.根据权利里要求9所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述背光源、所述显示面板和所述封框胶共同围成密封腔室。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任意一项所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述显示装置还包括背光源控制模块,所述背光源的发光区域包括发光子区域和遮挡子区域,所述发光子区域和所述遮挡子区域交替设置,所述背光源控制模块能够控制所述遮挡子区域中的发光二极管熄灭,并控制所述发光子区域中的发光二极管发光。
12.根据权利要求11所述的显示装置,其特征在于,所述显示装置还包括人眼跟踪模块和灰阶控制模块,所述人眼跟踪模块能够获取观看者的人眼位置信息,并且所述人眼跟踪模块能够将获取到的所述人眼位置信息发送至所述灰阶控制模块,所述灰阶控制模块能够根据接收到的所述人眼位置信息生成正对所述观察者的人眼的图像。
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