WO2015029941A1 - 電力エネルギーの輸送システム - Google Patents

電力エネルギーの輸送システム Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015029941A1
WO2015029941A1 PCT/JP2014/072148 JP2014072148W WO2015029941A1 WO 2015029941 A1 WO2015029941 A1 WO 2015029941A1 JP 2014072148 W JP2014072148 W JP 2014072148W WO 2015029941 A1 WO2015029941 A1 WO 2015029941A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrolyte
redox battery
power
electrode electrolyte
transport
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/072148
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴之 中井
Original Assignee
一般社団法人新エネルギー支援機構
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Application filed by 一般社団法人新エネルギー支援機構 filed Critical 一般社団法人新エネルギー支援機構
Priority to CN201480045747.7A priority Critical patent/CN105493329B/zh
Publication of WO2015029941A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015029941A1/ja

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/52—Wind-driven generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/57—Charging stations without connection to power networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
    • H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
    • H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power energy transport system, and more particularly, to a power energy transport system using an all-vanadium redox battery using a vanadium electrolyte.
  • Transmission using a transmission line is performed as a means of transmitting power energy from a power plant to a power consuming area.
  • installing a transmission line requires a great deal of time and money.
  • One technique for transmitting power from a power plant to a power consumption area without installing a transmission line is a technique for transporting a storage battery.
  • Several techniques for transporting such storage batteries have been proposed so far.
  • Patent Document 1 stores energy in an energy storage in a place where an energy source exists, transports the energy storage in which energy is stored to an energy consuming area by means of transportation, and
  • the present invention relates to an energy transportation system including discharging energy in an energy storage and delivering energy to an energy consumer, and a technique relating to a moving method using the system.
  • the energy source of this technology uses, for example, various power generation means such as thermal power generation, nuclear power generation, wind power generation, solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation, and geothermal power generation using coal or gas as fuel.
  • An energy store is various energy storage means, such as a battery, a capacitor, and a mechanical energy storage device (for example, a flywheel or a compressed air storage tank).
  • the transportation means is, for example, transportation by truck, transportation by rail, transportation by ship, transportation by airplane, transportation by rocket.
  • Patent Document 2 includes a power generation unit that generates power using renewable energy in a place where the renewable energy is generated, a power storage unit that stores electrical energy produced by the power generation unit, and transports the power storage unit.
  • the present invention relates to a technology relating to a transportation system including a transportation means.
  • Renewable energy used by this technology includes sunlight, wind power, hydropower, wave power, geothermal heat, and biomass.
  • Patent Document 2 describes in detail a technology that uses biomass as an energy source.
  • Patent Document 3 is a technique for transporting electric power by sea using a ship provided with a redox flow battery. This technology charges a redox flow battery installed on a ship at a power plant installed on the sea, and transports the redox flow battery charged on a ship to a port near a power consumption area.
  • Patent Document 3 The technology described in Patent Document 3 is only proposed to be transported by sea using a redox flow battery mounted on a ship. Therefore, the technique described in Patent Document 3 does not contribute to the improvement of the technique for transporting all vanadium redox batteries other than by sea transport.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to use a vanadium redox battery using a vanadium electrolyte solution without using a power transmission line, thereby producing a large amount of power energy.
  • the object is to provide a power energy transport system that can be transported to.
  • the power energy transport system for solving the above-described problems includes an all-vanadium redox battery using a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions, and a transport that transports the all vanadium redox battery. Or a transport means for transporting the transport tank in which the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are accommodated, and the transport means transmits the power generation facility and the power generated by the power generation facility.
  • the power generation area where the charging facility for charging the vanadium redox battery is installed and the power consumption area where the discharge facility for discharging all the vanadium redox batteries is installed located in an area away from the power generation area, or It is characterized by communication between power consumption areas.
  • the all-vanadium redox battery and the transport means for transporting the all-vanadium redox battery, or the transport means for transporting the transport tank in which the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are accommodated Since it is provided, it is possible to send a large amount of electric energy without installing a transmission line between the power generation area having the power generation facility and the charging facility and the power consumption area.
  • the transport means for transporting the transport tank in which the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are accommodated includes the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte. It is characterized by including a state maintaining device for maintaining a chemical state.
  • the transportation means includes the state maintaining device that maintains the chemical state of the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte, the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte from the power generation area to the power consumption area.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte can be transported without being chemically altered.
  • the inside of the transport tank and the inside of the cells of all vanadium redox batteries in the power consuming area are connected in a state of being cut off from the outside air, and charged in the transport tank.
  • An exchange device for exchanging the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte, and the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte in the cells of all vanadium redox batteries in the power consumption area It is characterized by.
  • an exchange device that connects the inside of the transport tank and the inside of the cells of all vanadium redox batteries in the power consuming area in a state of being cut off from the outside air, and exchanges the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte. Therefore, the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are prevented from being chemically altered by contact with the outside air during the exchange of the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte in the power consumption area. be able to.
  • the transport tank includes a room for storing the positive electrode electrolyte charged in the power generation area, a room for storing the negative electrode electrolyte, and the power consumption area. And a chamber for storing the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte mixed in the above.
  • the transport tank has a chamber for mixing and storing the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte discharged in the power consumption area, the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte There is no need to separate and collect the liquid, and the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte can be recovered in a short time.
  • the transport means for connecting the power consumption places charges the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte contained in the discharged all vanadium redox batteries.
  • the power generation device or the power generation device which is collected from the discharged vanadium redox battery and charges the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte stored in the transport tank is provided.
  • the transportation means includes the above-described power generation device, the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte contained in the discharged all vanadium redox battery, or the discharged all vanadium redox battery.
  • the recovered electrolyte for positive electrode and electrolyte for negative electrode can be charged by a transportation means. Therefore, it is not necessary to return the discharged all vanadium redox battery or the transport tank containing the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte recovered from the discharged all vanadium redox battery to the power generation site each time.
  • the transport means for transporting all the vanadium redox batteries supplementally charges the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte contained in the discharged all vanadium redox batteries.
  • a supplementary charging means is provided.
  • the transportation means includes the auxiliary charging means for performing auxiliary charging with respect to the positive electrode electrolyte contained in the positive electrode cell and the negative electrode electrolyte contained in the negative electrode cell,
  • the electric power discharged from all the vanadium redox batteries can be supplemented by the auxiliary charging means.
  • the power generation area, the power consumption area, a signal transmission / reception unit that transmits and receives signals to and from the transportation means, information data about the power generation area, information data about the power consumption area, and An information management center having an information recording medium on which information data relating to transportation means is recorded, and a processing unit that performs information processing based on the signal received by the signal transmitting and receiving unit and the information recorded on the information recording medium
  • the power generation location, the power consumption location, and the transportation means each include a communication unit that transmits and receives the signal to and from the signal transmission / reception unit, and the processing unit includes the power generation location received by the signal transmission / reception unit, Based on the signal from the power consumption area and the communication unit of the transportation means and the information data recorded on the information recording medium, the shortest time
  • the power energy transportation system includes the information management center described above, and the power generation area, the power consumption area, and the transportation means each include a signal transmission / reception unit of the information management center and a communication unit that transmits and receives signals. Therefore, before all the vanadium redox batteries in the power consuming area are completely discharged, the transport tank containing the all vanadium redox batteries or the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte can be transported to the power consuming area.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte used in the all-vanadium redox battery include a high concentration electrolyte solution having a relatively high concentration and a low concentration concentration. Concentration electrolytes are prepared, and the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte of all vanadium redox batteries used in the power consuming areas are the low concentration electrolytes, and at least the high concentration electrolytes are used.
  • the all-vanadium redox battery is transported by the transport means and discharged at the power consuming area, and the low-concentration electrolyte is used for the all-vanadium redox battery.
  • a charging means for charging from all the vanadium redox batteries is provided in the transportation means or the power consumption area,
  • the charging means provided in the transport means includes the all vanadium in which the high concentration electrolyte is used in the all vanadium redox battery mounted in the transport means and in which the low concentration electrolyte is used. It can be charged from a redox battery.
  • the redox battery using the high concentration electrolytic solution having a relatively high concentration is transported by the transporting means, many relatively low low concentration electrolytic solutions distributed to the power consuming areas are used.
  • the redox battery can be charged.
  • the redox battery using the relatively low concentration electrolyte solution exchanged during the movement of the conveying means can be charged, a plurality of power consumption areas can be efficiently circulated.
  • a large amount of electric power energy can be transported by transporting the vanadium electrolyte used in all vanadium redox batteries or all vanadium redox batteries. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a transmission line between the power generation area and the power consumption area.
  • FIG. 1st Embodiment of this invention It is a conceptual diagram of the electric power energy transport system of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical perspective view of all the vanadium redox batteries used for the electric power energy transportation system of the present invention, and (A) is a perspective view in the state where the constituent elements of all the vanadium redox batteries are separated in the direction connected in series. (B) is a perspective view of a state in which all the vanadium redox batteries are assembled. It is a typical perspective view of the unit electrolysis cell which comprises all the vanadium redox batteries of FIG. It is a mimetic diagram explaining a route through which a vanadium electrolyte solution circulates inside a flow type all-vanadium redox battery.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a transport tank having an internal structure different from the electrolyte transport tank shown in FIG. 5. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline
  • Step (A) is the replacement
  • FIG. 1 It is a schematic process drawing which shows the outline
  • FIG. 1 It is a conceptual diagram of the electric power energy transport system at the time of applying the electric power energy transport system of 2nd Embodiment of this invention to the area where a power generation place and a some electric power consumption place are on land.
  • vanadium electrolyte may be simply referred to as an electrolyte.
  • the power energy transport system includes an all-vanadium redox battery using a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions, and the all-vanadium redox battery, or the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode.
  • the all-vanadium redox battery 20 contains a positive electrode cell 21a containing a positive electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions and a negative electrode electrolyte containing vanadium ions. It has the negative electrode cell 22a and the ion exchange membrane 23a arrange
  • the transportation means 10 is located in a power generation facility X where the power generation facility 1 and the charging facility 2 for charging all vanadium redox batteries 20 with the power generated by the power generation facility 1 are installed, and in a region away from the power generation facility X. It communicates with the power consumption area Y where the discharge facility 70 for discharging the vanadium redox battery 20 is installed. Alternatively, the transportation means 10 communicates between the power consumption areas Y.
  • the power energy transport system of the present invention can transport a large amount of power energy by transporting the vanadium redox battery 20 or the vanadium electrolyte used in the all vanadium redox battery 20. Therefore, it is not necessary to install a transmission line between the power generation site X and the power consumption site Y.
  • the power energy transportation system according to the present invention having such a basic configuration can be roughly divided into two forms.
  • the transport means 10 simply reciprocates between the power generation site X and the power consumption site Y to transport the entire vanadium redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40.
  • the transportation means 10 includes the power generation equipment 1 and the charging equipment 2, and the transportation means 10 charges the vanadium electrolyte solution in the vanadium redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transportation tank 40.
  • This is a form in which a plurality of power consumption areas Y are in communication.
  • the vanadium redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is transported by the transport means 10 while processing information at the information management center 150. it can.
  • This embodiment can be broadly classified as a third embodiment.
  • the electrolyte for the positive electrode and the electrolyte for the negative electrode of all vanadium redox batteries used in power consumption areas are low concentration electrolytes, and at least a high concentration electrolyte is used for the transportation means.
  • the redox battery is mounted. Also in the fourth embodiment, all vanadium redox batteries can be transported by transport means while processing information at the information management center.
  • redox battery all vanadium redox battery
  • First Embodiment of this invention is a form which the transportation means 10 reciprocates simply between the power generation place X and the power consumption place Y, as shown in FIG.
  • the transport means 10 transports the redox battery 20 itself, the transport system of the vanadium electrolyte used in the redox battery 20, and the transport of the redox battery 20 and the transport of the vanadium electrolyte are mixed.
  • a wind power generator is used as the power generation facility 1.
  • the wind power generator 1 is installed in an area where a constant wind suitable for wind power generation flows continuously, for example, a desert area inland.
  • FIG. 1 shows only one wind power generator 1, since there is a vast land where many wind power generators 1 can be installed in the desert area, the wind power generator 1 is a desert area. Many are installed.
  • the power energy transportation system of the present invention is not limited to the use of the wind power generator 1 as the power generation facility 1, but a thermal power generator, a hydroelectric power generator, a nuclear power generator, a solar power generator, and a geothermal power generator. Other power generation facilities 1 can be used.
  • the charging facility 2 includes an AC / DC converter 3 and a controller 4 that controls charging of the redox battery 20.
  • the charging facility 2 includes a connecting portion 5 to which the redox battery 20 is connected.
  • This power energy transport system is a system that includes the case of transporting vanadium electrolyte.
  • the charging facility 2 includes a redox battery 20 dedicated to charging that can store and charge the discharged vanadium electrolyte.
  • the AC / DC converter 3 converts the AC power generated by the wind power generator 1 into DC power, and supplies the converted DC power to the redox battery 20 to charge the vanadium electrolyte of the redox battery 20. Yes.
  • the controller 4 constantly monitors the voltage and current during charging, and controls so that the DC power required for charging does not exceed the limit voltage and current.
  • the connection unit 5 is a part to which a power cord for connecting to the redox battery 20 is connected, and the redox battery 20 is connected via a power cord or the like during charging.
  • the redox battery 20 discharged in the power consumption area Y is charged by being connected to the charging facility 2 in the power generation area X including the power generation facility 1 and the charging facility 2. Further, the discharged vanadium electrolyte is charged by being transferred from the transport tank 40 that has been transported to the redox battery 20 for charging of the charging facility 2.
  • the discharge facility 70 is installed in the power consumption area Y.
  • the discharge facility 70 includes a DC / AC converter 73, a controller 74 that controls discharge from the redox battery 20, and a connection portion 75 to which the redox battery 20 is connected.
  • the discharge-only redox battery 20 is provided in the discharge facility 70.
  • Such a discharge facility 70 is connected to various facilities 85 that consume power by a transmission line 81 installed by a steel tower 80.
  • the redox battery 20 can be roughly divided into two types.
  • the first type is a non-flow type battery that does not circulate the vanadium electrolyte.
  • the second type is a flow type battery in which a vanadium electrolyte is circulated.
  • the redox battery 20 includes a battery that gently circulates the vanadium electrolyte.
  • the redox battery 20 includes a plurality of unit electrolysis cells 28 connected in series via electrodes 24 that are bipolar plates. Connected and configured. Further, the current collector plates 5 are provided at both ends in the direction in which the current collector plates 5 are connected in series. The plurality of unit electrolysis cells 28 connected in series are sandwiched between end plates 26 a and 26 b arranged outside the current collector plate 5. The end plates 26 a and 26 b are fastened from both sides by a rod-like fastening jig 27.
  • the unit electrolytic cell 28 the positive electrode cell 21 a in which the positive electrode electrolyte containing a high concentration of vanadium ions was enclosed, and the negative electrode electrolyte containing the same concentration of vanadium ions were enclosed. It is a sealed cell having a negative electrode cell 22a and an ion exchange membrane 23a disposed between the positive electrode cell 21a and the negative electrode cell 22a, and is a unit cell that performs oxidation-reduction.
  • the positive electrode cell 21a and the negative electrode cell 22a constituting the unit electrolytic cell 28 are each provided with a porous internal electrode, and the porous internal electrode contacts the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte with a large surface area. , Causing an efficient redox reaction.
  • the positive electrode cell 21 a and the negative electrode cell 22 a having such a shape include a cell frame 210 having a wide opening surface and an internal electrode 211 accommodated in the cell frame 210.
  • the cell frame 210 is open on both the electrode 24 side and the ion exchange membrane 23a side. Therefore, the internal electrode 211 accommodated in the cell frame 210 is in surface contact with the electrode 24 at the opening surface on the electrode 24 side, and is in surface contact with the ion exchange membrane 23a at the opening surface on the ion exchange membrane 23a side.
  • the opening area of such an opening surface is designed in consideration of the output current, and the cell frame 210 having an opening corresponding thereto is used.
  • a plurality of holes 212 called manifolds are formed in the side portion (outer peripheral edge portion) of the cell frame 210.
  • the plurality of holes 212 called manifolds function as an inlet for containing a vanadium electrolyte and a leak port through which air can be vented.
  • the redox battery 20A including the unit electrolytic cell 28 having such a configuration becomes a non-flow type redox battery when the positive electrode cell 21a and the negative electrode cell 22a do not have a circulation mechanism for the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte.
  • the redox battery 30 can gently circulate the electrolyte inside the positive electrode cell 21a and the negative electrode cell 22a by connecting a liquid feed metering pump (not shown) to the hole 212 called a manifold.
  • the redox battery 20A uses a pipe or a hose to connect a positive electrode electrolyte tank and a liquid feeding metering pump to a hole 212 called a manifold, and also connects a negative electrode electrolyte tank and a liquid feeding metering pump.
  • a flow type battery in which an electrolyte solution is circulated which will be described below, can be obtained.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a route through which the vanadium electrolyte circulates inside the flow type redox battery.
  • the basic cell configuration of the flow type all-vanadium redox battery 20B is the same as that shown in FIGS.
  • the circulation of the vanadium electrolyte is performed by connecting the pipe 34 to the hole 212 called the manifold shown in FIG. 3 and connecting the electrolyte tanks 30 and 32 and the pumps 31 and 33 to the pipe 34.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte tank 30 for supplying and discharging the positive electrode electrolyte is connected to the positive electrode cell 21b via the pipe 34, and the negative electrode electrolyte tank 32 for supplying and discharging the negative electrode electrolyte is It is connected to the negative electrode cell 22b through a pipe 34.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte is a mixed solution of pentavalent and tetravalent vanadium ions, and the negative electrode electrolyte is a mixed solution of divalent and trivalent vanadium ions.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte is circulated between the positive electrode cell 21 b and the positive electrode electrolyte tank 30 by the pump 31, and the negative electrode electrolyte is circulated between the negative electrode cell 22 b and the negative electrode electrolyte tank 32 by the pump 33. Is done.
  • the redox battery 20 When the electrolyte is gently circulated, the redox battery 20 is not provided with the positive electrode electrolyte tank 30 and the negative electrode electrolyte tank 32, but only the pumps 31 and 33 are provided to provide the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte. And may be circulated.
  • Such a configuration is the same as the configuration in which the electrolyte solution is gently circulated inside the positive electrode cell 21a and the negative electrode cell 22a by connecting a liquid delivery metering pump (not shown) to the redox battery 20A.
  • the redox batteries 20A and 20B are charged at the power generation site X by the chemical change from the left side to the right side of the formula (1) in the positive cells 21a and 21b, and the left side of the formula (2) in the negative cells 22a and 22b.
  • the charging represented by the chemical change on the right side is performed.
  • the positive cells 21a and 21b are discharged by the chemical change from the right side to the left side of the equation (1), and the negative cells 22a and 22b are (2).
  • Discharge represented by a chemical change from the right side to the left side of the equation is performed.
  • the redox battery 20 used in this power energy transport system uses a high concentration vanadium electrolyte as the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte solution for positive electrode has a total of less than 0.4% by mass of one or more elements among aluminum, calcium, sodium, potassium, iron, silicon and chromium, and 1.5 mol / L to 4 mol / L pentavalent vanadium ion-containing sulfuric acid aqueous solution.
  • the electrolyte solution for negative electrode has a total of less than 0.4% by mass of one or more elements of aluminum, calcium, sodium, potassium, iron, silicon, and chromium, and 1.5 mol / L to 4 mol / L It is a divalent vanadium ion-containing sulfuric acid aqueous solution.
  • the vanadium electrolyte has a predetermined concentration (5 ppm or less, preferably 1 ppm or less, more preferably 0.5 ppm) of dissolved oxygen in the vanadium ion solution. Or less).
  • Such a redox battery 20 is formed such that its length, depth and height are easy to transport.
  • the redox battery 20 is formed to have the same size as a container whose size is standardized by the ISO standard or almost the same size as such a container.
  • the ISO standard defines the container length as 20 feet (6096 mm) or 40 feet (12192 mm).
  • the standard also defines a container width of 8 feet (2438 mm) and a height of 8 feet 6 inches (2591 mm).
  • the standard has recently standardized a container that is 45 feet (13716 mm) in length.
  • the redox battery 20 may be formed with a length that is the same as or similar to the length of such a container.
  • a container called a non-standard high cube container having a height of 9 feet 6 inches (2896 mm) is becoming popular.
  • the redox battery 20 may have a height corresponding to a container having such a height.
  • the redox battery 20 may be formed to have a size capable of accommodating one or more redox batteries 20 inside the container without forming the redox battery 20 to the same size as or close to the above-described container. .
  • the transport of electric power energy may be performed by transporting the charged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte.
  • 5A and 5B show two examples of the form of a transport tank 40 for transporting the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte. Note that the form of the room provided inside the transport tank is not limited to the form shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B). Further, “+” shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B represents a positive electrode electrolyte, “ ⁇ ” represents a negative electrode electrolyte, and “E” represents empty. .
  • the transport tank 40 shown in FIGS. 5 (A) and 5 (B) has the same or substantially the same outer dimensions as the container described above.
  • the interior of the transport tank 40 is partitioned into three rooms by wall surfaces.
  • the three rooms are a room for storing the charged positive electrode electrolyte, a room for storing the charged negative electrode electrolyte, and an empty room.
  • the empty room is used as a room for storing the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte.
  • the inside of the transport tank 40A shown in FIG. 5A is provided with three rooms 41A, 42A, and 43A by dividing the longitudinal direction into two wall surfaces.
  • the three rooms 41A, 42A, 43A are, for example, a room 41A provided at one end side is a room for storing the positive electrode electrolyte charged at the power generation site X, and a room 42A provided at the other end side is the power generation site. It is used as a room in which the negative electrode electrolyte charged with X is accommodated.
  • the empty room 43A provided in the center is used as a room for mixing and accommodating the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte discharged at the power consumption place Y.
  • the center in the longitudinal direction is partitioned by a wall surface. Furthermore, the right half region of the figure is partitioned so as to be divided into two equal parts in the depth direction of the transport tank 40.
  • the room 41B located on the upper side is used, for example, to store the charged electrolyte for the positive electrode, and the room 42B located on the lower side is charged. It is used as a room for accommodating the negative electrode electrolyte.
  • the room 43B provided in the left half of the figure is an empty room, and is used as a room for mixing and storing the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte after discharge is a vanadium electrolyte containing VO 2+ (tetravalent), and the negative electrode electrolyte after discharge is a vanadium electrolyte containing V3 + (trivalent). Both are vanadium electrolytes having different valences, and even if mixed, a dangerous chemical reaction does not occur, and the mixed solution does not become unusable as an electrolyte for the redox battery 20. Therefore, there is no inconvenience even if the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are mixed and accommodated in one room.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte after discharge are mixed and stored in one room and collected, the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are charged by the charging facility 2 of the power generation site X.
  • a pentavalent electrolyte solution for a positive electrode and a divalent electrolyte solution for a negative electrode are prepared again.
  • the electrolytic solution transport tank 50 may be provided with four chambers 51, 52, 53, and 54, as shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, “+” represents a positive electrode electrolyte, “ ⁇ ” represents a negative electrode electrolyte, and “E” represents empty.
  • the transport tank 50 has an outer dimension that is the same as or substantially the same as that of the container.
  • the interior of the transport tank 50 is provided with four rooms 51, 52, 53, 54 by dividing the longitudinal direction by three wall surfaces.
  • the four rooms 51, 52, 53, 54 are, for example, a room 51 provided on one end side is a room for storing a positive electrode electrolyte charged at a power generation site X, and a room 52 provided on the other end side is It is used as a room in which the negative electrode electrolyte charged in the power generation site X is accommodated.
  • the two empty rooms 53 and 54 provided in the center are used as rooms for separately storing the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte discharged at the power consumption place Y, respectively.
  • the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 may include an AC / DC converter, a DC / AC converter, and a controller that controls charging or discharging.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of a redox battery 60 with a controller in which the AC / DC conversion device 63, the DC / AC conversion device 64, and the controller 65 are integrated with the redox battery 20.
  • the AC / DC converter 63 is a device that converts AC power generated by the power generation facility 1 into DC power.
  • the DC / AC conversion device 64 is a device that converts the DC power of the redox battery 20 into AC power at the power consumption place Y.
  • the controller 65 constantly monitors the charging voltage during charging and the discharging voltage during discharging. In particular, during charging, control is performed so that the DC power required for charging does not exceed the limit voltage and limit current.
  • the transport means 10 communicates between the power generation area X and the power consumption area Y.
  • the transport means 10 uses a trailer 11, a towed vehicle 12 that pulls the trailer 11, railways 16 and 17, and the like.
  • the trailer 11 and the towed vehicle 12 are connected by a coupler that can be freely connected and disconnected.
  • the transport means 10 is not shown in addition to the trailer 11 and the railroads 16 and 17, a truck, an airplane, or the like is used.
  • a ship is used as the transportation means 10.
  • Such a transport means 10 transports the redox battery 20 itself or transports the electrolyte transport tank 40.
  • the towed vehicle 12 usually includes an alternator 95 that is a generator mounted on an engine 90.
  • the alternator 95 has a pulley 96 attached to its input shaft 97.
  • the pulley 96 is connected via a fan belt 93 and a pulley 92 integrated with a fan 91 that rotates when the rotation of the engine 90 is transmitted.
  • the alternator 95 transmits the rotation of the engine 90 to the input shaft 97 through the fan belt 93 and the pulleys 92 and 96, and generates electric power by rotating the input shaft 97.
  • Such an alternator 95 is used for auxiliary charging during transportation of the redox battery 20.
  • the redox battery 20 When the redox battery 20 is transported by the railroads 16 and 17, the redox battery 20 is transported by pulling the freight vehicle 16 on which the redox battery 20 is mounted by a locomotive 17 such as a diesel locomotive.
  • the freight vehicle 16 can be transported by connecting a plurality of vehicles and towing the locomotive 17. Therefore, it can be transported in large quantities.
  • the auxiliary charge refers to flow charge with a small current.
  • the axle generator 100 shown in FIG. 9 is used for the auxiliary charging.
  • the axle generator 100 includes a generator 101, a pulley 103 provided on a wheel shaft 104 that connects the wheels 103, and a belt 106 that connects the generator 101 and the pulley 103.
  • the generator 101 is attached to the lower part of the loading platform by a bracket 110 so as to be suspended from the loading platform of the freight vehicle 16.
  • the generator 101 is a device that generates power as the input shaft 107 rotates, and a pulley 102 is attached to the input shaft 107.
  • a pulley 105 attached to the wheel shaft 104 is provided between the wheels 103.
  • the pulley 102 and the pulley 105 are connected to each other when the belt 106 is wound.
  • the rotation of the wheel 103 is transmitted to the input shaft 107 of the generator 101 via the two pulleys 102 and 105 and the belt 106.
  • the transported state is that the charged redox battery 20 is transported from the power generation site X to the power consumption site Y only by railroad or discharged redox battery 20.
  • the transported state is that the charged redox battery 20 is transported from the power generation site X to the power consumption site Y only by railroad or discharged redox battery 20.
  • a transshipment station (not shown) is provided between the power generation site X and the power consumption site Y, and the redox battery 20 is transshipped from the railroads 16 and 17 to the trailer 11 or the truck at the transshipment station. It may be transported by transshipping to railways 16 and 17.
  • the redox battery 20 when the redox battery 20 is transported by transport means 10 such as trucks and ships other than the trailer 11 and the railroads 16 and 17, the redox battery 20 may be transported while being supplementarily charged.
  • the electrolytic solution for positive electrode and the electrolytic solution for negative electrode have a total of less than 0.4% by mass of one or more elements among aluminum, calcium, sodium, potassium, iron, silicon and chromium, and dissolved oxygen is 5 ppm or less, preferably Is 1 ppm or less, more preferably 0.5 ppm or less.
  • the transport means 10 includes an alteration preventing device (not shown) that prevents the cathode electrolyte and the anode electrolyte from being altered.
  • an alteration preventing device (not shown) that prevents the cathode electrolyte and the anode electrolyte from being altered.
  • a temperature adjustment device for adjusting the temperature in the transport tank 40, a deaeration device for preventing an increase in dissolved oxygen in the vanadium electrolyte, and the like are provided.
  • the transport tank has a sealed structure in order to prevent the stored vanadium electrolyte from coming into contact with the outside air.
  • the deaeration device which is an alteration preventing device, is not particularly limited as long as it can prevent the increase of dissolved oxygen in the liquid or remove the dissolved oxygen in the liquid, and is a device that performs various methods. Can be applied.
  • the degassing device include a vacuum degassing method in which the inside of the transport tank 40 is depressurized to remove dissolved oxygen in the solution, and an inert gas is bubbled from a nozzle introduced into the solution to dissolve oxygen in the solution.
  • Examples include a bubbling degassing method for removing oxygen, a degassing membrane method for removing dissolved oxygen using a degassing membrane, and the like.
  • the transportation means 10 is equipped with such a deaeration prevention device such as a deaeration device, the dissolved oxygen in the vanadium electrolyte solution in the transportation tank 40 is prevented from increasing during transportation, and sludge such as peroxide is transported. It can be effectively prevented from occurring inside.
  • the power energy transport system connects the inside of the transport tank 40 and the cell of the redox battery 20 in the power consuming area in a state of being cut off from the outside air, and contains the charged positive electrode electrolyte contained in the transport tank 40 and There is provided an exchange device for exchanging the negative electrode electrolyte, and the discharged positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte in the cell of the redox battery 20 in the power consuming area.
  • the exchange device is not particularly illustrated, a pipe or a hose connecting the transport tank 40 and the cell of the redox battery 20 in the power consumption area, nitrogen gas filled in the transport tank 40 or a redox battery in the power consumption area.
  • a valve is provided. The replacement of the electrolytic solution is performed as follows using such an exchange device.
  • FIG. 10 (A) to FIG. 10 (C) “DES” represents a discharged vanadium electrolyte
  • “CES” represents a charged vanadium electrolyte
  • N 2 represents nitrogen gas.
  • the transport tank 40 shown on the right side of each figure is referred to as a transport tank 401, and the transport tank shown on the left side of each figure is used.
  • the tank 40 is a transport tank 402.
  • the vanadium electrolyte is replaced by first connecting the cells of the redox battery 20 discharged at the power consumption place Y and the transport tank 401 filled with nitrogen gas by piping or the like.
  • the vanadium electrolyte solution in the cell of the redox battery 20 and the nitrogen gas in the transport tank 401 are exchanged.
  • FIG. 10B the discharged vanadium electrolyte is accommodated in the transport tank 401, and nitrogen gas is filled in the cells of the redox battery 20 installed in the power consumption area Y.
  • the cell of the redox battery 20 discharged at the power consumption area Y and the transport tank 402 containing the charged vanadium electrolyte are connected by piping or the like, and transported with the nitrogen gas in the cell of the redox battery 20.
  • the vanadium electrolyte solution in the tank 402 is replaced.
  • the charged vanadium electrolyte is accommodated in the cell of the redox battery 20 installed in the power consumption area Y, and the transport tank 402 is filled with nitrogen gas.
  • the vanadium electrolyte is replaced by sending nitrogen gas from the transport tank 40 to the cell of the redox battery 20 or sending nitrogen gas from the cell of the redox battery 20 to the transport tank 40. Therefore, the vanadium electrolyte does not come into contact with air, so that it is possible to effectively prevent the generation of sludge such as peroxide during the vanadium electrolyte exchange process.
  • each of the transport tanks 40 is filled with a charged vanadium electrolyte and filled with nitrogen gas for replacement.
  • the replacement can also be performed using the transport tanks 40A and 40B shown in FIG. 5 (A) or FIG. 5 (B).
  • the transport tank 40A shown in FIG. 5A when the transport tank 40A shown in FIG. 5A is used, the positive electrode electrolyte is accommodated in the room 41A, the negative electrode electrolyte is accommodated in the room 42A, and the nitrogen gas is accommodated in the empty room 43A. Keep it.
  • Replacement of the positive electrode electrolyte is performed using the room 41A, the redox battery BT, and the room 43A.
  • Replacement of the negative electrode electrolyte is performed using the room 42A, the redox battery BT, and the room 43A.
  • the power energy transport system shown in FIG. 11 includes a device 70a that constitutes a discharge facility installed in each power consumption area (see Y in FIG. 1), and a cartridge type that is detachably attached to the device 70a.
  • the tank 55 is provided.
  • the inside of the tank 55 is divided into two by a partition 58, and two chambers 56 and 57 are formed inside the tank 55.
  • One of the two chambers 56 and 57 is a chamber for containing the positive electrode electrolyte
  • the other chamber 57 is a chamber for containing the negative electrode electrolyte.
  • Each of the chambers 56 and 57 is filled with a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte charged at a power generation site (see X in FIG. 1).
  • Such a tank 55 is provided with a joint part 200 to be attached to and detached from the apparatus 70a at the lower part thereof.
  • the joint portion 200 of the tank 55 includes self-sealing couplers 201 and 203 for inlets and self-sealing couplers 202 and 204 for outlets provided in the rooms 56 and 57, respectively.
  • the self-seal couplers 201, 202, 203, and 204 are configured to be detachable from the self-seal couplers 206, 207, 208, and 209 that constitute a joint part 210 on the device 70a side described later.
  • the self-sealing couplers 201, 202, 203, 204 seal the outflow port and the inflow port in a state where the tank 55 exists alone, thereby preventing outside air from entering the inside of the tank 55.
  • the self-sealing couplers 206, 207, 208, and 209 on the apparatus 70a side are fitted into the self-sealing couplers 201, 202, 203, and 204 on the tank 55 side and the tank 55 is attached to the apparatus 70a,
  • the inside communicates with the cells 21b and 22b of the redox battery 20B included in the device 70a.
  • the apparatus 70a constituting the discharge facility includes a redox battery 20B, a joint part 210 to which the tank 55 is attached, and the pipes 34a and 34b connecting the positive electrode cell 21b and the negative electrode cell 22b of the redox battery 20B and the joint part 210. , 34c, 34d.
  • a pipe 31a is provided with a pump 31 for circulating the electrolytic solution between the positive electrode cell 21b of the redox battery 20B and the chamber 56 in which the positive electrode electrolytic solution of the tank 55 is accommodated.
  • a pump 33 for circulating the electrolytic solution between the negative electrode cell 22b and the chamber 57 containing the negative electrode electrolytic solution in the tank 55 is provided in the pipe 34c.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram conceptually showing one cell of the redox battery 20B included in the device 70a.
  • the redox battery 20A is formed by stacking a plurality of cells, pipes 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d and pumps 31, 33 are provided in each positive electrode cell 21a and each negative electrode cell 22a.
  • the pipes 34 a, 34 b, 34 c, 34 d of each positive electrode cell 21 a and each negative electrode cell 22 a are respectively connected at one place and communicated with the joint part 210.
  • the joint portion 210 on the device 70a side communicates with the self-sealing couplers 206 and 207 constituting the inflow portion and the outflow portion that are connected to the positive electrode cell 21b by pipes 34a and 34b, and the negative electrode cell 22b by pipes 34c and 34d.
  • Self-sealing couplers 208 and 209 constituting the inflow portion and the outflow portion.
  • the self-seal couplers 206, 207, 208, and 209 are configured to be detachable from the self-seal couplers 201, 202, 203, and 204 on the tank 55 side.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte is transferred between the chamber 56 of the tank 55 and the positive electrode cell 21b by the action of the pump 31. Circulate.
  • the discharge facility circulates the negative electrode electrolyte between the chamber 57 of the tank 55 and the negative electrode cell 22b by the action of the pump 33.
  • the case where the power generation site X is provided in a certain area of the continent and the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is transported by land to the land-consuming power consumption location Y is described as an example.
  • the ship is located between the power generation location X and the power consumption location Y.
  • the present invention can also be applied to the case where the redox battery 20 or the electrolytic solution transport tank 40 is transported by sea between them.
  • the transport means 10 includes a power generation device and a charging device (not shown), and the transport means 10 transports the redox battery 20 or the vanadium electrolyte in the transport tank 40 while charging. .
  • the transportation means 10 communicates between the power generation area X and the power consumption area Y, but also a plurality of power consumption areas Y communicate with each other.
  • the second embodiment will be described by taking as an example the case where the redox battery 20 or the electrolytic solution transport tank 40 is transported by a ship 120 in an island region composed of a plurality of islands.
  • islands to which the power energy transport system of the second embodiment is applied include an island X where the power generation facility 1 and the charging facility 2 are installed, and a power consumption area Y. It consists of three existing S islands, T islands, and U islands.
  • a wind power generator 1 is used as the power generation facility 1 installed on the X island.
  • the power generation facility 1 can use other power generation facilities such as a thermal power generator, a hydroelectric power generator, a nuclear power generator, a solar power generator, and a geothermal power generator.
  • the charging facility 2 includes an AC / DC conversion device 3, a controller 4, and a connection unit 5, similarly to the charging facility 2 of the first embodiment.
  • the power energy transport system is a system including a case where the redox battery 20 is transported and a case where the vanadium electrolyte is transported.
  • the power energy transport system is a system for transporting a vanadium electrolyte
  • the charging facility 2 is provided with a redox battery 20 dedicated to charging, which can store and charge the discharged vanadium electrolyte.
  • the discharge facilities 70 are respectively installed on the S island, the T island, and the U island that are the power consumption areas Y.
  • Each discharge facility 70 includes a DC / AC converter, a controller that controls discharge from the redox battery 20, and a connection portion to which the redox battery 20 or the discharge cell is connected.
  • Each discharge facility 70 is connected to a facility that is installed on each island and consumes various electric power by a transmission line or the like.
  • the redox battery 20 is distributed to each of the islands S, T, and U, and the redox battery 20 is connected to a discharge facility 70 to supply power.
  • the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is transported by a ship 120 as shown in FIGS.
  • the transport of the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is performed, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, in which the ship departs from the X island and calls in the order of the S island, the T island, and the U island.
  • the ship 120 that has left U Island returns to X Island again.
  • the ship 120 used for transportation includes a power generation device and a charging device, and can charge the vanadium electrolyte contained in the redox battery 20 or the transportation tank 40 during transportation.
  • As the power generation device provided in the ship 120 for example, an alternator provided in the ship 120 is used.
  • the power generation facility 1 may be provided by installing a solar power generation device having a solar power generation panel on the ship 120.
  • the transport means 10 is provided with an alteration preventing device that prevents the electrolytic solution in the transport tank 40 from being altered.
  • the second embodiment can be applied to both the case where the redox battery 20 is transported and the case where the transport tank 40 containing the electrolyte is transported.
  • the electrolyte is applied to the transport tank 40.
  • FIG. 13 is simplified for convenience of explanation, and shows a case where the ship 120 is equipped with only three transport tanks. Further, the transport tank 40 is indicated by reference signs A, B, and C in FIG. Moreover, the redox battery distributed to S island, T island, and U island is shown with the code
  • Ship 120 is equipped with three transport tanks A, B, and C for storing the electrolyte when leaving X Island.
  • the vanadium electrolyte charged in the X island is accommodated.
  • the transport tank C is empty.
  • Ship 120 first calls on S Island.
  • the discharged electrolyte solution of the redox battery BT distributed to the S island is replaced with the charged electrolyte solution transported by the ship 120.
  • the electrolytic solution accommodated in the redox battery BT on the S island is transferred to an empty transport tank C.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte solution and the negative electrode electrolyte solution are respectively transferred from the transport tank containing the charged electrolyte solution to the positive electrode cell 21 and the negative electrode cell 22 of the redox battery BT distributed to the S island.
  • the transport tank A becomes empty, and the transport tank C stores the discharged vanadium electrolyte.
  • the discharged electrolyte solution of the redox battery BT distributed to the T island is replaced with the transported charged electrolyte solution.
  • the electrolytic solution accommodated in the redox battery BT of the T island is transferred to an empty transport tank A.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are respectively transferred from the transport tank B containing the charged electrolyte to the positive electrode cell 21 and the negative electrode cell 22 of the redox battery BT.
  • the transport tank B becomes empty, and the transport tank A accommodates the discharged vanadium electrolyte.
  • the discharged electrolyte solution of the redox battery BT distributed to the U island is replaced with the transported charged electrolyte solution.
  • the electrolyte solution accommodated in the cell of the redox battery BT on the U island is transferred to an empty transport tank B.
  • the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte are respectively transferred from the transport tank C in which the electrolyte charged in the ship 120 is accommodated to the positive electrode cell 21 and the negative electrode cell 22 of the redox battery BT.
  • the transport tank C becomes empty, and the transport tank B accommodates the discharged vanadium electrolyte.
  • the route of the ship 120 illustrated in FIG. 13 is an example, and the route of the ship 120 is not limited to the route illustrated in FIG. 13.
  • the power energy may be supplied by reciprocating the ship 120 between the X island and the S island, the X island and the T island, and the X island and the U island.
  • FIG. 13 shows a case where the charged vanadium electrolyte is stored in separate transport tanks 40 and is replaced by filling with nitrogen gas.
  • the replacement can also be performed using the transport tanks 40A and 40B shown in FIG. 5 (A) or FIG. 5 (B).
  • the transport tank 40A shown in FIG. 5A when the transport tank 40A shown in FIG. 5A is used, the positive electrode electrolyte is accommodated in the room 41A, the negative electrode electrolyte is accommodated in the room 42A, and the nitrogen gas is accommodated in the empty room 43A. Keep it.
  • Replacement of the positive electrode electrolyte is performed using the room 41A, the redox battery BT, and the room 43A.
  • Replacement of the negative electrode electrolyte is performed using the room 42A, the redox battery BT, and the room 43A.
  • the second embodiment is applied to islands including a plurality of islands has been described as an example.
  • the power generation site X is provided in a certain area of the continent and the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is transported to the land-consuming power consumption location Y by land transport, the power is transported. Can also be applied.
  • FIG. 14 shows a case where the trailer 11 is used to sequentially transport the redox battery 20 from the power generation site X to the three locations of the P site, the Q site, and the R site that are the power consumption sites Y.
  • the redox battery 20 mounted on the trailer 11 is indicated by reference signs A, B, and C, and the redox battery 20 distributed to the P ground, the Q ground, and the R ground, which are the power consumption areas Y, This is indicated by the symbol BT.
  • the trailer 11 includes a power generation device and a charging device (not shown). Note that the power generator can also use an alternator provided in the towed vehicle 12 that pulls the trailer 11.
  • the trailer 11 is configured to be able to mount three redox batteries A, B, and C.
  • the trailer 11 is equipped with two redox batteries A and B when leaving the X ground.
  • the mounted redox batteries A and B are charged at the X ground.
  • the trailer 11 first stops at P.
  • the redox battery BT distributed to the P ground is replaced with a charged redox battery A that has been transported.
  • the P-ground redox battery BT is disconnected from the P-ground discharge facility and mounted in an empty space of the trailer 11. It is a redox battery in which the figure shown by the symbol C in FIG. 14 is mounted.
  • the charged redox battery A is removed from the trailer 11 and connected to the discharge facility at the P ground.
  • the trailer 11 goes to the Q ground. While the trailer 11 is moving from the P ground to the Q ground, the redox battery C mounted on the P ground is charged.
  • the redox battery BT distributed to the Q ground is exchanged for the transported charged redox battery B.
  • the redox battery BT in the Q ground is disconnected from the discharge equipment in the Q ground and mounted in the empty space of the trailer 11. It is a redox battery in which the figure indicated by the symbol A is mounted at the position of the Q ground in FIG.
  • the charged redox battery B is removed from the trailer 11 and connected to the Q ground discharge device.
  • the trailer 11 goes to the R ground. While the trailer 11 is moving from the Q ground to the R ground, the redox batteries A and C mounted on the P ground and the R ground are charged.
  • R redox battery BT distributed to the R place is replaced with a redox battery C charged during transportation.
  • R redox battery BT is disconnected from R ground discharge equipment and mounted in an empty space of trailer 11. It is a redox battery in which a figure indicated by a symbol B is mounted at the position of R in FIG.
  • the redox battery C charged during transportation is taken off from the trailer 11 and connected to the R ground discharge device. The redox battery is exchanged at the P ground, the Q ground, and the R ground through the above processes.
  • the trailer 11 After exchanging the redox battery at the R ground, the trailer 11 is loaded with two redox batteries A and B and departs toward the X ground. After the trailer 11 arrives at the X ground, the two redox batteries A and B mounted on the trailer 11 are dropped, and two new redox batteries 20 charged at the X ground are mounted on the trailer 11. The supply of electric power energy from the X site to the P site, the Q site, and the R site is performed by repeating these processes.
  • the power energy transport system manages various kinds of information necessary for the performance of the power energy transport system so that the redox battery or the electrolyte transport tank can be used as a power generation site and a power consumption location. It is embodiment transported between.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an application example of the power energy transport system according to the third embodiment, in which a plurality of transport means 10 includes two power generation locations X1, X2 and four power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3. The case where electric power energy is conveyed between Y4 is shown.
  • This power energy transport system has an information management center 150, and sends and receives information signals between the information management center 150 and power generation locations X1, X2 and power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4. ing.
  • the power energy transportation system includes a system for grasping the position of the transportation means 10, for example, a GPS (Global Positioning System).
  • This power energy transport system uses a truck 180 as the transport means 10.
  • the information management center 150 processes information based on a signal transmission / reception unit 151 that transmits and receives signals, an information recording medium 152 in which various types of information are recorded, and signals from the signal transmission / reception unit 151 and data in the information recording medium 152.
  • a processing unit 153 is provided.
  • the signal transmission / reception unit 151 communicates with the power generation locations X1, X2, the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 and the truck 180.
  • the information recording medium 152 is, for example, information about the power generation sites X1, X2, information about the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, information about the truck 180, information about the redox battery 20 and the electrolyte transport tank 40, and other information. Is recorded.
  • the power generation sites X1 and X2 include a communication unit 160 that communicates with the information management center 150 in addition to the power generation facility 1 and the charging facility 2.
  • the power generation sites X1 and X2 include, for example, the number of the charged redox batteries 20 or the transport tanks 40 in which the charged electrolyte solution is stored, the redox batteries 20 to be charged from now on, and the transport tank 40 in which the electrolyte solution is stored.
  • a signal of information such as the number of information is transmitted from the communication unit 160 to the information management center 150.
  • the controller 4 provided in the charging facility 2 calculates the time required for the charging to be completed, and a signal of the information is obtained.
  • the data is transmitted from the communication unit 160 to the information management center 150.
  • the power consumption areas Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 include a communication unit 170 that communicates with the information management center 150 in addition to the discharge facility 70.
  • the controller 74 provided in the discharge facility 70 calculates the time until the redox battery 20 finishes discharging.
  • the information signal of the result calculated by the controller 74 is transmitted from the communication unit 170 to the information management center 150.
  • the track 180 includes a transmission unit 181 that receives a signal from a satellite (not shown) and transmits a signal of the calculated position information. This position information signal is transmitted from the transmission unit 181 to the information management center 150 via a satellite (not shown).
  • the signal transmission / reception unit 151 of the information management center 150 receives signals transmitted from the power generation sites X1 and X2, the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4 and the truck 180.
  • the processing unit 153 of the information management center 150 uses the power generation locations X1, X2, the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, the signals transmitted from the truck 180 and the data recorded on the information recording medium 152 to generate power generation locations.
  • the number of redox batteries 20 or electrolyte transport tanks 40 existing in X1 and X2, the state of charging, the state of discharge of redox batteries 20 existing in the power consumption areas Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4, and the current position of the truck 180 Etc. are calculated.
  • the power energy transport system transports the charged redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 from which power generation location X1, X2. It is determined which truck 180 is used and to which power consumption place Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 by when the redox battery 20 or the electrolyte transport tank 40 is transported. For example, it is assumed that the information management center 150 receives a signal of time information from the power consumption place Y1 until the redox battery 20 finishes discharging. Further, it is assumed that the information management center 150 receives a signal of information indicating that the charged redox battery 20 has a plurality of stocks from the power generation site X1.
  • the processing unit 153 of the information management center 150 receives the signal from the power generation site X1, the signal from the power consumption location Y1, and the data of the information recording medium 152 of the information management center 150 from the power generation location X1 to the power consumption location Y1.
  • the time required to transport the redox battery 20 is calculated.
  • the information management center 150 uses which track 180 from among the plurality of tracks 180 to use the power consumption area Y1. It is selected whether the redox battery 20 can be transported from the power generation site X1 to the power consumption site Y1 before the redox battery is completely discharged.
  • the power energy transport system transmits and receives such information signals between the power generation sites X1 and X2, the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4, the truck 180, and the information management center 150, and the information management center 150 processes the information.
  • the redox battery 20 or the electrolytic solution transport tank 40 is transported from the power generation sites X1 and X2 to the power consumption locations Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4.
  • a high-concentration electrolytic solution having a relatively high concentration and a low-concentration electrolytic solution having a relatively low concentration are prepared as a positive electrode electrolytic solution and a negative electrode electrolytic solution used in a redox battery, respectively.
  • the electrolyte solution for the positive electrode and the electrolyte solution for the negative electrode of the redox battery used in the power consumption area Y is a low concentration electrolyte.
  • the transport means is equipped with a redox battery in which at least a high concentration electrolytic solution is used.
  • charging means In the transportation means or the power consumption area Y, charging means are provided.
  • the charging means charges a redox battery using a low concentration electrolytic solution discharged from a power consuming area from a redox battery using a high concentration electrolytic solution.
  • the charging means provided in the transportation means is configured so that the redox battery mounted with the transportation means and using the low concentration electrolytic solution can be charged from the redox battery using the high concentration electrolytic solution. Has been.
  • the power energy transport system according to the fourth embodiment includes a power generation facility and a charging facility at the power generation site X in the same manner as the power energy transport system according to the third embodiment.
  • Each electric power consumption place Y has a discharge facility.
  • the power generation facility, charging facility, and discharge facility provided in the power energy transport system of the fourth embodiment are the same as the power energy transport system of the first embodiment to the power energy transport system of the third embodiment. Here, these descriptions are omitted.
  • the power energy transportation system of the fourth embodiment is used both when the power generation site X and each power consumption area Y are on land and when the power generation area X and each power consumption area Y are islands. Can be applied.
  • the power generation area X and each power consumption area Y are on land, railways, trucks, trailers, and the like can be used as transportation means.
  • a ship can be used as a transportation means.
  • the case where the power generation area X and each power consumption area Y are land-continuous and a truck 180 is used as a transportation means as shown in FIG. 16 will be described as an example.
  • the track 180 is configured to be capable of mounting a plurality of redox batteries.
  • three redox batteries F, G, and H are mounted on a track 180.
  • the electrolyte solution of the redox battery F has a relatively high concentration
  • the electrolyte solutions of the redox batteries G and H have a relatively low concentration.
  • a redox battery in which a high concentration electrolyte is used is referred to as a “high concentration redox battery”
  • a redox battery in which a low concentration electrolyte is used is referred to as a “low concentration redox battery”.
  • “High concentration redox battery” means a redox battery using an electrolytic solution having a concentration of about 2.5 mol / L or more. However, the lower limit value of the concentration does not mean that it is strictly 2.5 mol / L. For example, an electrolytic solution of about 2.2 mol / L is also included in the high concentration electrolytic solution here.
  • low concentration redox battery means a redox battery having a lower concentration than a high concentration redox battery. Specifically, it means a redox battery that can be charged once or more by a high-concentration redox battery.
  • Practice charging means charging that allows a redox battery to function normally even when charging is not performed 100%. For example, even when only 50% of the total capacity is charged, it is sufficient that the redox battery can function normally.
  • the truck 180 first stops at the power consumption area Y1.
  • the process performed in the power consumption place Y1 can be roughly divided into two types.
  • the low concentration redox battery H that has been transported and the low concentration redox battery M distributed in advance to the power consumption area Y1 are exchanged.
  • the redox battery M used in the power consumption area Y1 is disconnected from the discharge facility.
  • the transported low-concentration redox battery H is removed from the truck 180.
  • the low-concentration redox battery H is connected to a discharge facility in the power consumption area Y1.
  • the redox battery M distributed in advance is mounted in the space where the redox battery H was mounted.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example in which only one redox battery is replaced in the power consumption area Y1. However, a plurality of batteries may be replaced in each power consumption area.
  • the low concentration redox battery M distributed in advance to the power consumption area Y1 is charged by the high concentration redox battery F that has been transported.
  • the high-concentration redox battery F is mounted on the track 180
  • the high-concentration redox battery F and the low-concentration redox battery M in the power consumption area Y1 are connected by the cable 190 as a charging means.
  • the low-density redox battery M is charged.
  • a plurality of batteries may be charged in each power consumption area.
  • the truck 180 moves to the next power consumption area, for example, the power consumption area Y2 after the redox battery H and the redox battery M are exchanged at the power consumption area Y1 or after the redox battery M is charged. To do.
  • the redox battery M is charged on the moving truck 180.
  • the redox battery M is charged by, for example, connecting a high-concentration redox battery F and a low-concentration redox battery M mounted on a truck 180 with a cable 190 serving as a charging unit. Since the redox battery F has a high electrolyte concentration, it has a large charge capacity. Therefore, many low concentration redox batteries can be charged.
  • the redox battery N distributed in advance to the power consumption place Y2 is replaced with the transported charged redox battery G or the redox battery F with high concentration. Is charged by.
  • the redox battery N and the redox battery G are exchanged by the same process as the first type process. Further, the charging of the redox battery N by the high-concentration redox battery F is performed by a process similar to the above-described second type process.
  • FIG. 16 shows only two places where the power consumption places are the power consumption place Y1 and the power consumption place Y2, but the power energy transportation system according to the fourth embodiment has three or more places where the power consumption place is located. It can also be applied when present.
  • the redox batteries M and N are charged at the respective power consumption points Y1 and Y2, or the redox batteries M and N are replaced, and the power with which the truck 180 is present.
  • the high concentration redox battery F is repeatedly charged to the low concentration redox batteries M and N.
  • the truck 180 charges the redox batteries M and N or replaces the redox batteries M and N in all power consumption areas, or when the high-concentration redox battery F mounted on the truck 180 is used.
  • the truck 180 returns to the power generation site X.
  • the case where the high concentration redox battery F and the low concentration redox batteries G and H are mounted and the plurality of power consumption areas Y1 and Y2 are circulated has been described.
  • the power energy transport system according to the fourth embodiment only the high-concentration redox battery F is mounted on the truck 180, and the power-consumption locations Y1, Y2 from the high-concentration redox battery F in each power-consumption location Y1, Y2.
  • the low-density redox batteries M and N can be charged.
  • a power energy transport system can be configured by providing a charging center / exchange center Z in each power consumption area.
  • a power energy transport system can also be applied when there are a plurality of power consumption places.
  • a high-concentration redox battery K is distributed in advance to the charging center / exchange center Z in the power consumption area Y3.
  • the truck 180 is equipped with a high-concentration redox battery F, and transports the high-concentration redox battery F to the charging center / exchange center Z in the power consumption area Y3.
  • the trailer equipped with the redox battery can be replaced at the charging center / exchange center Z.
  • the freight vehicle equipped with a redox battery can be replaced at the charging center / exchange center Z. Therefore, when a trailer or a railroad is used as a transportation means, the redox battery can be efficiently exchanged at the charging center / exchange center Z.
  • the high-concentration redox battery F transported by the truck 180 and the discharged high-concentration redox battery K are replaced or discharged high-concentration redox.
  • the battery K is charged by the high-concentration redox battery F conveyed by the truck 180.
  • the low-density redox batteries M1, M2, and M3 distributed in advance to the power consumption area Y3 are replaced with the redox battery F that has been replaced or the redox battery that has been charged. Charged by K.
  • the truck 180 transports the redox battery F discharged by charging the redox battery K or the redox battery K exchanged with the redox battery F from the charging center / exchange center Z of the power consumption place Y3 to the power generation place X. .
  • a state maintaining device that maintains the chemical state of the positive electrode electrolyte and the negative electrode electrolyte can be provided in the transport means.
  • the auxiliary charging means for auxiliary charging during the conveyance of the high concentration redox battery can be provided in the conveying means.
  • the power energy transport system of the fourth embodiment is necessary for the power energy transport system to perform the power energy transport system as described in the power energy transport system of the third embodiment.
  • the redox battery can be configured to be transported between the power generation site X and the power consumption site.
  • the power energy transport system of the fourth embodiment is applied to an area where a plurality of power generation sites and a plurality of power consumption sites exist.
  • the redox battery needs to be replaced at the power consumption place Y1.
  • the power energy transportation system processes information so that the redox battery is transported from a power generation area near the power consumption area Y1, or the power consumption area Y1 Or processing information to go to.
  • the power energy transportation system detects the remaining amount of high-density redox batteries mounted on each transport means with a sensor, and generates power for transportation means equipped with redox batteries that need to be charged at the power generation site. Process to send the command to return to the ground.
  • the case where the electrolyte solution is transported using a trailer, a truck, a railroad, a ship, or the like has been described as an example.
  • a power energy transport system such that the power generation site X and the power consumption site Y are connected by a pipeline and the electrolyte is conveyed by the pipeline.
  • one or a plurality of storage tanks for storing the electrolyte and a plurality of discharge facilities are connected by a pipeline to constitute a power energy transport system. Also good.
  • the storage tank that stores the electrolytic solution in the power consuming area and the discharge facility by the pipeline by installing the tank at a position where the electrolytic solution can be easily replaced, Replacement can be performed efficiently.

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WO2024019120A1 (ja) * 2022-07-20 2024-01-25 本田技研工業株式会社 情報処理装置、情報処理システム、情報処理方法、プログラム及び記憶媒体

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