WO2015029424A1 - 高炉操業方法 - Google Patents
高炉操業方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015029424A1 WO2015029424A1 PCT/JP2014/004380 JP2014004380W WO2015029424A1 WO 2015029424 A1 WO2015029424 A1 WO 2015029424A1 JP 2014004380 W JP2014004380 W JP 2014004380W WO 2015029424 A1 WO2015029424 A1 WO 2015029424A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- blast furnace
- pulverized coal
- combustion
- lance
- gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
- C21B7/163—Blowpipe assembly
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/16—Arrangements of tuyeres
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/18—Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier
- F27D2003/185—Conveying particles in a conduct using a fluid
Definitions
- the present invention blows a solid reducing material such as pulverized coal from a blast furnace tuyere and a flammable reducing material such as LNG (Liquefied ⁇ ⁇ Natural Gas) or a combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen.
- a solid reducing material such as pulverized coal from a blast furnace tuyere
- a flammable reducing material such as LNG (Liquefied ⁇ ⁇ Natural Gas) or a combustion-supporting gas such as oxygen.
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a blast furnace which is intended to improve productivity and reduce a reducing material ratio by increasing temperature.
- Patent Document 1 in order to improve the combustibility of pulverized coal blown as a reducing material, a burner for blowing the reducing material from the tuyere is a double pipe, and LNG is blown from the inner pipe of the double pipe, It has been proposed to blow pulverized coal through the gaps in the outer tube.
- the nozzle for blowing the reducing material from the tuyere is a double pipe, pulverized coal is blown from the inner pipe of the nozzle of the double pipe, and LNG is blown from the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. It has been proposed.
- Patent Document 3 two lances for blowing the reducing material are used, the lance for blowing the pulverized coal as the solid reducing material has a double pipe structure, and the pulverized coal is blown from the inner pipe of the double pipe lance, and the inner pipe and the outer pipe. It has been proposed to blow oxygen through the gap and LNG from the other lance.
- Patent Document 4 proposes improving the combustibility of pulverized coal itself by increasing the proportion of pulverized coal having a particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less.
- Japanese Patent No. 3176680 Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-289847 JP 2013-40402 A Japanese Patent No. 4980110
- Patent Document 4 proposes to improve the combustibility of the pulverized coal itself by increasing the ratio of the particle diameter of 20 ⁇ m or less. It is considered that there is room for further improvement in the combustibility of the solid reducing material (pulverized coal) in the invention of Patent Document 4.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to the problems as described above, and aims to provide a blast furnace operating method capable of further improving the combustion temperature and reducing the reducing material ratio. is there.
- the gist of the present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
- Hot air is blown into the blast furnace from the tuyere of the blast furnace, and at least one of the flammable reducing material and the flammable gas and the powdered solid reducing material are blown from the tuyere into the blast furnace through the lance.
- a blast furnace operating method wherein the solid reducing material contains 65 mass% or less of particles having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more.
- the combustion-supporting gas has an oxygen concentration of 50 vol% or more, and a part of oxygen enriched in the hot air is blown from the lance.
- the blast furnace operating method of the present invention when a powdery solid reducing material, at least one of a flammable reducing material and a combustion-supporting gas is blown from a single lance, particles having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more.
- a powdery solid reducing material at least one of a flammable reducing material and a combustion-supporting gas is blown from a single lance, particles having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a blast furnace.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a combustion state when only pulverized coal is blown from the lance of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the combustion mechanism of the pulverized coal of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a combustion mechanism when pulverized coal, LNG, and oxygen are blown.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the specifications of the lance used in the experiment.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the pulverized coal flow when the particle size of the pulverized coal is 75 ⁇ m or more.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a blast furnace.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a combustion state when only pulverized coal is blown from the lance of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the combustion mechanism of the pulverized coal of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the pulverized coal flow when the particle size of the pulverized coal is less than 75 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a combustion experimental apparatus.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the pulverized coal particle diameter and the combustion rate of pulverized coal as a result of the combustion experiment.
- FIG. 1 is an overall view of a blast furnace.
- coke and ore are charged from the top of the furnace, and the ore is reduced and melted to generate pig iron.
- a tuyere 3 formed at the bottom of the blast furnace 1 is connected to a blower pipe (blow pipe) 2, and a lance 4 is inserted into the blower pipe 2 so as to penetrate the side wall.
- blower pipe blow pipe
- lance 4 is inserted into the blower pipe 2 so as to penetrate the side wall.
- coke is deposited in the lower part of the blast furnace 1 to form a coke deposit layer.
- Hot air is sent to the tuyere 3 through the blower tube 2 and pulverized coal is sent from the lance 4.
- a combustion space called a raceway 5 is formed in the coke accumulation layer ahead of the hot air flow direction at the tuyere 3, and a reducing material such as pulverized coal or coke burns mainly in this combustion space, and the reducing material gas Is done.
- a reducing material such as pulverized coal or coke burns mainly in this combustion space, and the reducing material gas Is done.
- FIG. 1 only one lance 4 is inserted into the blower pipe 2 on the left side of the blast furnace 1, but either the blower pipe 2 or the tuyere 3 arranged circumferentially along the side wall of the blast furnace 1. It is possible to insert the lance 4 as well.
- the number of lances 4 per tuyere 3 is not limited to one, and two or more lances 4 can be inserted.
- the form of a lance can also be applied to a double pipe lance, a triple pipe lance, or a lance in which a plurality of blowing pipes are bundled.
- FIG. 2 shows a combustion state when only pulverized coal 6 is blown from the lance 4 as a solid reducing material.
- the hot air velocity in the direction in which the hot air from the tuyere 3 is sent (air blowing direction) is about 200 m / second, and the region where O 2 exists in the raceway 5 from the tip of the lance 4 is about 0.3 to 0.5 m. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the temperature rise of the pulverized coal particles and the contact efficiency (dispersibility) with O 2 at a level of substantially 1/1000 second.
- FIG. 3 shows a combustion mechanism when only pulverized coal (PC: Pulverized Coal in the figure) 6 is blown into the blow pipe 2 from the lance 4.
- the pulverized coal 6 is injected together with a carrier gas (carrier gas) such as N 2 .
- carrier gas carrier gas
- the pulverized coal 6 blown into the raceway 5 from the tuyere 3 is first heated by the convection heat transfer from the air blow, and further the particle temperature rapidly increases due to the radiant heat transfer and conduction heat transfer from the flame in the raceway 5.
- carrier gas carrier gas
- the above-described char 8 is obtained. Since the char 8 is mainly fixed carbon, a reaction called a carbon dissolution reaction occurs along with a combustion reaction. At this time, the increase in the volatile content of the pulverized coal blown from the lance 4 into the blower pipe 2 promotes the ignition of the pulverized coal, and the increase in the combustion amount of the volatile component increases the heating rate and the maximum temperature of the pulverized coal.
- the rate of char reaction increases due to the dispersibility of pulverized coal and an increase in temperature. That is, it is considered that the pulverized coal is dispersed with the vaporization and expansion of the volatile matter, the volatile matter is combusted, and the pulverized coal is rapidly heated and heated by this combustion heat. Burns.
- FIG. 4 shows a combustion mechanism when LNG 9 that is a flammable reducing material and oxygen O 2 that is a combustion-supporting gas are blown into the blower pipe 2 from the lance 4 together with the pulverized coal 6.
- Blowing method with pulverized coal 6 and LNG9 and oxygen O 2 represents the case that simply parallel crowded blowing.
- the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 4 has shown the particle temperature at the time of blowing only the pulverized coal shown in FIG. 3 with reference.
- FIG. 5 shows the specifications of an example of the lance 4 in which pulverized coal, LNG, and oxygen are simultaneously blown.
- the lance 4 is a triple pipe lance comprising an inner pipe I, an intermediate pipe M, and an outer pipe O.
- a stainless steel pipe having a nominal diameter of 8A and a nominal thickness schedule of 10S is used for the inner pipe I
- a stainless steel pipe having a nominal diameter of 15A and a nominal thickness schedule of 40 is used for the intermediate pipe M
- a nominal diameter of 20A for the outer pipe.
- a stainless steel pipe having a nominal thickness schedule of 10S was used.
- the specifications of each stainless steel pipe are as shown in the figure.
- the gap between the inner tube I and the middle tube M was 1.15 mm, and the gap between the middle tube M and the outer tube O was 0.65 mm.
- FIG. 6 and 7 show a mixed state of pulverized coal and gas corresponding to the particle diameter of the pulverized coal when LNG 9 and oxygen are blown into the blast pipe 2 together with the pulverized coal 6 using such a lance 4.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where the pulverized coal particle diameter is 75 ⁇ m or more
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the pulverized coal particle diameter is less than 75 ⁇ m.
- Pulverized coal particles with a particle size of 75 ⁇ m or more advance by the inertial force when being blown into the furnace by the carrier gas, while LNG, oxygen, and other gases immediately follow the flow of the surrounding air, so pulverized coal is a gas Get away from the flow.
- the combustion experimental device is a device that simulates the interior space of the tuyere at the blast furnace 1, and includes an experimental furnace 11 filled with coke, a blower pipe 12 connected to the tuyere formed in the experimental furnace 11, Have The blower pipe 12 is configured so that hot air is sent to it, and a combustion burner 13 is connected to the hot air generated in the combustion burner 13 in a predetermined amount. 11, the raceway 15 is formed at the tip of the tuyere. Further, a lance 4 is inserted into the air duct 12.
- One or more of pulverized coal, LNG, and oxygen can be blown into the blower pipe 12 from the lance 4, and the oxygen enrichment amount of hot air blown into the experimental furnace 11 can be adjusted.
- the experimental furnace 11 is provided with a viewing window, and the inside of the raceway 15 can be observed from the viewing window.
- a separation device 16 called a cyclone is connected to the upper portion of the experimental furnace 11 through a pipe.
- the exhaust gas generated in the experimental furnace 11 is separated into exhaust gas and dust by the separation device 16, and the exhaust gas is an auxiliary combustion furnace or the like.
- the exhaust gas treatment equipment is supplied and dust is collected in the collection box 17.
- lance 4 three types are used: a single-pipe lance, a double-pipe lance, and a triple-pipe lance.
- a double-pipe lance is used.
- pulverized coal is blown from the inner pipe of the heavy pipe lance and LNG is blown from the gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe
- pulverized coal from the inner pipe of the triple pipe lance LNG from the gap between the inner pipe and the middle pipe
- LNG from the gap between the inner pipe and the middle pipe
- the middle pipe and outer pipe For each of the cases where oxygen was blown from the gap, unburned char was sampled at a lance tip of 300 mm, and the combustion rate was calculated.
- Unburnt char was collected from behind the raceway with a probe and subjected to chemical analysis of ash.
- the burning rate was calculated by the ash tracer method.
- the char ash content was assumed to be unchanged before and after the reaction, and the char combustion rate ⁇ (%) was calculated by the following formula (1) from the change in the ash content.
- ash 0 is the ash content ratio (mass%) at the initial stage (before combustion) of pulverized coal
- ash is the ash content (mass%) of the collected char.
- the specifications of the pulverized coal are fixed carbon (FC) 77.8 mass%, volatile matter (VM) 13.6 mass%, ash (Ash) 8.6 mass%, and the blowing condition is 51.0 kg. / H (corresponding to 150 kg / t in ironmaking base unit).
- the LNG blowing conditions were 3.6 kg / h (5 Nm 3 / h, equivalent to 10 kg / t in the ironmaking base unit).
- the blowing conditions are: a blowing temperature of 1200 ° C., a flow rate of 350 Nm 3 / h, a flow rate of 80 m / s, O 2 enrichment +3.7 vol% (oxygen concentration of 24.7 vol%, air oxygen concentration of 21 vol%, 3.7 vol%) Enrichment).
- the evaluation of the experimental results was carried out by evaluating each of the double-pipe lance and the triple-pipe lance with reference to the combustion rate when only pulverized coal was blown from the single-pipe lance (using N 2 as the carrier gas).
- N 2 as the carrier gas
- O 2 a part of oxygen enriched in blowing was used so that the total amount of O 2 to be injected into the furnace was not changed.
- the atmosphere can also be used as the combustion-supporting gas.
- the combustion-supporting gas has an oxygen concentration of 50 vol% or more. This is because if the oxygen concentration is at least 50 vol%, it is possible to burn substances other than the combustion-supporting gas.
- FIG. 9 shows the result of the combustion experiment described above.
- a double pipe lance and a triple pipe lance can improve the combustibility.
- the double tube lance and the triple tube lance have improved combustibility.
- the mass ratio of the pulverized coal having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more exceeds 65 mass%, the flammability of the pulverized coal is rapidly deteriorated. I understand.
- the pulverized coal flow does not leave the gas flow of LNG or oxygen, and is combustible by simultaneous injection. It is thought that the improvement effect was secured.
- the mass ratio of pulverized coal having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more is more preferably 20 mass% or less. As can be seen from FIG. 9, as the mass ratio increases, the combustion rate of pulverized coal tends to decrease. However, if it is 20 mass% or less, the combustion rate of pulverized coal has a high value with almost no decrease. Maintained.
- the flammable reducing material is not limited to LNG alone.
- the flammable reducing material is preferably hydrogen, city gas, propane gas, converter gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, or shale gas.
- Shale gas is a natural gas collected from the shale layer, which is equivalent to LNG, and is produced from a place that is not a conventional gas field, so it is called an unconventional natural gas resource.
- Combustible reducing materials such as city gas are very ignited and burned quickly, and those with high hydrogen content have high combustion calories, and flammable reducing materials do not contain ash, unlike pulverized coal. Is also advantageous for the air permeability and heat balance of the blast furnace.
- the solid reducing material according to the present invention is not limited to only pulverized coal.
- the solid reducing material for example, a pulverized waste plastic can be used.
- the particles of the pulverized coal 6 having a particle diameter of 75 ⁇ m or more are set to 65 mass% or less of the total amount of the pulverized coal, so that at least one of LNG 9 and oxygen blown from the lance 4 is efficient with the pulverized coal 6 Mix well, the reaction between pulverized coal 6 and oxygen is promoted, or the temperature of pulverized coal 6 is greatly increased by the combustion heat of LNG9, which increases the combustion speed of pulverized coal 6 and greatly increases the combustion temperature.
- the ratio of reducing material can be reduced.
Abstract
Description
(1)高炉の羽口から熱風を高炉へ吹き込むとともに、易燃性還元材及び支燃性ガスのうちの少なくとも一つと粉状の固体還元材とを、前記羽口からランスを通じて高炉へ吹込む高炉操業方法であって、前記固体還元材は、粒子径75μm以上の粒子を65mass%以下含有する高炉操業方法。
(2)前記支燃性ガスは、50vol%以上の酸素濃度を有し、前記熱風に富化される酸素の一部を前記ランスから吹込む上記(1)に記載の高炉操業方法。
(3)前記固体還元材が微粉炭である上記(1)または上記(2)に記載の高炉操業方法。
(4)前記易燃性還元材が、水素、都市ガス、LNG、プロパンガス、転炉ガス、高炉ガス、コークス炉ガス、シェールガスの何れかである上記(1)ないし上記(3)のいずれか1つに記載の高炉操業方法。
2 送風管
3 羽口
4 ランス
5 レースウエイ
6 微粉炭(固体還元材)
7 コークス
8 チャー
9 LNG(易燃性還元材)
11 実験炉
12 送風管(燃焼実験装置の)
13 燃焼バーナ
15 レースウエイ(実験炉に形成される)
16 分離装置
17 捕集箱
Claims (4)
- 高炉の羽口から熱風を高炉へ吹き込むとともに、
易燃性還元材及び支燃性ガスのうちの少なくとも一つと粉状の固体還元材とを、前記羽口からランスを通じて高炉へ吹込む高炉操業方法であって、
前記固体還元材は、粒子径75μm以上の粒子を65mass%以下含有する高炉操業方法。 - 前記支燃性ガスは、50vol%以上の酸素濃度を有し、前記熱風に富化される酸素の一部を前記ランスから吹込む請求項1に記載の高炉操業方法。
- 前記固体還元材が微粉炭である請求項1または請求項2に記載の高炉操業方法。
- 前記易燃性還元材が、水素、都市ガス、LNG、プロパンガス、転炉ガス、高炉ガス、コークス炉ガス、シェールガスの何れかである請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれか1つに記載の高炉操業方法。
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RU2016111184A RU2674374C2 (ru) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-26 | Способ работы доменной печи |
CA2917759A CA2917759C (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-26 | Method for operating a blast furnace |
US14/915,300 US20160208349A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-26 | Method for operating a blast furnace |
JP2015533995A JPWO2015029424A1 (ja) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-26 | 高炉操業方法 |
EP14839408.3A EP3040426A4 (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2014-08-26 | METHOD OF OPERATING A HIGH STOVE |
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EP3418400B1 (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2020-03-11 | Subcoal International B.V. | Process of making pig iron in a blast furnace using pellets containing thermoplastic and cellulosic materials |
DE102021202698A1 (de) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-09-22 | Küttner Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Einblasen eines pulverförmigen Ersatzreduktionsmittels und eines Reduktionsgases in einen Hochofen |
CN115449573B (zh) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-09-29 | 云南曲靖钢铁集团呈钢钢铁有限公司 | 一种节能环保型高炉及高炉炼铁工艺 |
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- 2014-08-26 EP EP14839408.3A patent/EP3040426A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-08-26 CA CA2917759A patent/CA2917759C/en active Active
- 2014-08-26 RU RU2016111184A patent/RU2674374C2/ru active
- 2014-08-26 WO PCT/JP2014/004380 patent/WO2015029424A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2016111184A (ru) | 2017-10-03 |
US20160208349A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
CA2917759A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
EP3040426A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CA2917759C (en) | 2018-01-23 |
EP3040426A4 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
JPWO2015029424A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
RU2674374C2 (ru) | 2018-12-07 |
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