WO2015029381A1 - Matériau absorbant la chaleur au moyen d'un corps poreux inorganique - Google Patents

Matériau absorbant la chaleur au moyen d'un corps poreux inorganique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015029381A1
WO2015029381A1 PCT/JP2014/004257 JP2014004257W WO2015029381A1 WO 2015029381 A1 WO2015029381 A1 WO 2015029381A1 JP 2014004257 W JP2014004257 W JP 2014004257W WO 2015029381 A1 WO2015029381 A1 WO 2015029381A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
foil
molded body
endothermic
inorganic porous
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/004257
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
中間　茂
晴子 佐々木
晃史 坂本
和樹 山本
大輔 津村
中島　孝
暁生 都竹
Original Assignee
ニチアス株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ニチアス株式会社 filed Critical ニチアス株式会社
Publication of WO2015029381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015029381A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/04—Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
    • H02G3/0406—Details thereof
    • H02G3/0412—Heat or fire protective means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/02—Details
    • H02G3/04—Protective tubing or conduits, e.g. cable ladders or cable troughs
    • H02G3/0437—Channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G3/00—Installations of electric cables or lines or protective tubing therefor in or on buildings, equivalent structures or vehicles
    • H02G3/30—Installations of cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings
    • H02G3/34—Installations of cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings using separate protective tubing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an endothermic material using an inorganic porous material and a method for producing the same.
  • the endothermic material made of the polymer absorber has no self-supporting property and no retention. Therefore, although it can respond to the construction which is wound around or pasted on the construction site, the construction which is self-supporting on the wall surface or the construction in the space is very difficult. Furthermore, such an endothermic material has to be replaced, and the cost and labor have become enormous.
  • the endothermic material using hydrate has a problem that the cable breaks before the hydrate is decomposed because the decomposition temperature of the hydrate is higher than the heat resistance temperature of the cable.
  • JP 59-102856 A JP-A-61-186256
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel endothermic material.
  • the inventors of the present invention have added water with a high heat of vaporization to the inorganic porous molded body, which is excellent as an endothermic material because of its strong endothermic action and high shape retention, and further, water has evaporated. After that, it discovered that it functions as a heat insulating material, and completed this invention.
  • An endothermic material comprising an inorganic porous molded body that has absorbed water.
  • the inorganic porous molded body is a molded body containing one or more inorganic powders selected from calcium silicate, silica, alumina, vermiculite, mica, cement, and pearlite.
  • the endothermic material according to 1 or 2 wherein the inorganic porous molded body is a molded body containing one or more inorganic fibers selected from glass fibers, rock wool, ceramic fibers, and biosoluble inorganic fibers. 4).
  • the resin is a thermoplastic resin.
  • a novel endothermic material can be provided.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fireproof structure manufactured in Example 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof structure manufactured in Example 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a fireproof structure manufactured in Example 3.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fireproof structure manufactured in Example 2.
  • the endothermic material of the present invention includes an inorganic porous molded body in which water is absorbed (impregnated).
  • the molded body to be used is a self-standing molded body such as a board, for example.
  • Examples of the inorganic porous molded body include a molded body obtained by mixing and processing one or more inorganic powders such as calcium silicate, silica, alumina, vermiculite, mica, pearlite, and cement.
  • the inorganic fiber molded object which mixed and processed 1 type or 2 types or more of inorganic fibers, such as glass fiber, rock wool, a ceramic fiber, and a biosoluble inorganic fiber, is mentioned.
  • biosoluble fibers having high heat resistance can be used.
  • the biosoluble fiber is generally composed of silica and / or alumina as a main component, alkali metal oxide (Na 2 O, K 2 O, etc.), alkaline earth metal oxide (CaO, etc.), magnesia, zirconia, titania. 1 or more selected from. Other oxides can also be included.
  • compositions can be exemplified.
  • Total of SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and TiO 2 50 wt% to 82 wt% Total of 18% to 50% by weight of alkali metal oxide and alkaline earth metal oxide
  • composition 1 70 to 82% by weight of SiO 2 CaO 1-9% by weight MgO 10-29% by weight Less than 3% by weight of Al 2 O 3
  • composition 2 70 to 82% by weight of SiO 2 CaO 10-29% by weight MgO 1 wt% or less Al than 2 O 3 3% by weight
  • a calcium silicate molded body and a ceramic fiber molded body are particularly preferable, and a calcium silicate molded body is more preferable.
  • a calcium silicate molded body is more preferable.
  • xonotlite 6CaO ⁇ 6SiO 2 ⁇ H 2 O is wollastonite CaSiO 3
  • particularly preferred is a high heat resistance xonotlite. Since the calcium silicate molded body is light and has small pores, water is easily retained uniformly.
  • the inorganic porous molded body can contain an inorganic binder, particles, and the like.
  • a manufacturing method of a calcium silicate molded object it can manufacture by the method of patent document 1,2. Specifically, silica stone, slaked lime or the like is dispersed in water to form a slurry, which is hydrothermally synthesized in a stirring pressure vessel to synthesize secondary particles of calcium silicate hydrate. This slurry can be produced by wet suction dehydration molding.
  • the inorganic fiber molded body can be manufactured by molding an inorganic fiber manufactured by a rotor method, a blowing method, a melt spinning method, or the like using a binder or the like.
  • various fibers, binders, and the like are dispersed in water to form a slurry, and this slurry can be manufactured by wet suction dehydration molding.
  • the density of the inorganic porous molded body is 40 to 400 kg / m 3 for the purpose of being lightweight, containing a large amount of water, and having a strength capable of maintaining good shape retention even after holding water. A degree is preferred. More preferably, it is 80 to 300 kg / m 3 , more preferably 100 to 200 kg / m 3 .
  • the molded body can contain water having a weight of 100 to 400% of the weight of the molded body.
  • the shaped body preferably contains 130-300%, more preferably 150-250% water.
  • the water absorbed by the inorganic porous molded body can contain various additives such as antifreeze, preservative, and pH adjuster. Since water may expand in volume and damage the packing material when frozen, it preferably contains an antifreeze. Also, depending on the environment, the pH of impregnated water may change due to trace elution components from the inorganic porous molded body due to long-term storage, which may alter the inorganic porous molded body, the packing material, and even the water itself. It is preferable that a pH adjuster is contained. The thing to include in water is not restricted to this, It can add as needed.
  • the inorganic porous molded body containing water is preferably packed with a packing material (package).
  • the sealing property of the packing material may be a level that prevents evaporation of water from the water-containing molded body in a normal state.
  • the packing material is damaged by heating, and water is evaporated. At that time, the heat is absorbed by heat of vaporization.
  • the breakage temperature due to heating is preferably the boiling point of water (below). If the boiling point is exceeded, the packing material may explode, and if it is much lower than the boiling point of water, the packing material will be damaged at an early stage, and the water will evaporate, thereby effectively obtaining an endothermic effect. Can not. Therefore, the breakage temperature of the packing material is more preferably 70 ° C to 130 ° C. More preferably, it is 80 ° C to 120 ° C, and still more preferably 90 ° C to 110 ° C. If it breaks at such a temperature, water evaporates along with the breakage, and an endothermic effect can be
  • Metal or resin can be used as a packing material for packing the water-containing inorganic porous molded body.
  • a laminate obtained by laminating a metal and a resin is preferable because of high heat resistance and strength.
  • the laminate of metal and resin is preferably a laminate of three or more layers including a resin layer, a metal layer, and a resin sealant layer.
  • Examples of the metal used include aluminum foil, copper foil, tin foil, nickel foil, stainless steel foil, lead foil, tin-lead alloy foil, bronze foil, silver foil, iridium foil, and phosphor bronze.
  • aluminum foil, copper foil, and nickel foil are preferable, and aluminum foil is more preferable.
  • thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin can be used as the resin.
  • examples thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, nylon, acrylic, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyether ether ketone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenyl sulfide, fluorine, polycarbonate, and aramid.
  • a resin that is broken at a temperature of about 100 ° C. is preferable.
  • the thickness of the packing material is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 5 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m.
  • the metal foil can be 3 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m, and the resin layer can be 2 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
  • the packing material may be partially provided with a mechanism and a structure for releasing the pressure in the package generated by heating.
  • a part that lowers the adhesive strength of the film fusion part is provided in a part of the packing material by changing the film type and structure.
  • a hole is made in a part of the film, and a film thinner than the package film is pasted or melt-formed. Thereby, when the pressure in the package rises, the packing material does not swell more than necessary, and the original dimensions can be maintained to some extent.
  • the endothermic material of the present invention can be produced by absorbing water into a porous body and wrapping it with a packing material containing one or two kinds of metal and / or resin.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an example of the endothermic material of the present invention.
  • the endothermic material 1 has a packing material 13 for packing the inorganic porous molded body 11 containing water.
  • the packing material is fused at the fusion part 15.
  • the size of the endothermic material is not limited and can be appropriately determined depending on the application.
  • FIG. 1 may be used as it is, or a plurality of endothermic materials shown in FIG. 1 may be connected as shown in FIG.
  • the two or more connected endothermic materials shown in FIG. 2 are convenient because they can be folded and rolled when being carried in a small place. Moreover, it can arrange
  • the endothermic material of the present invention functions as an endothermic material, it becomes an inorganic porous molded body free from water, and also functions as an excellent heat insulating material.
  • the endothermic material of the present invention can be used alone as a heat insulating material, but may be combined with other heat insulating materials. By combining them, a more effective heat insulation structure can be constructed, and strong heat insulation and fire resistance can be exhibited.
  • Example 1 Zonotolite calcium silicate molded product (Keical Ace Super Silica, Nippon Kayal Co., Ltd.) (density 120 kg / m 3 , thermal conductivity at 500 ° C. of 0.114 W / (m ⁇ K) or less) (length 600 mm ⁇ width 300 mm ⁇ thickness) 50 mm) was used. This molded body was cut into a size suitable for use in the examples described later, and water twice as much as the molded body (200% by weight) was included. The resulting water-containing molding is composed of a laminate of nylon (15 ⁇ m), aluminum foil (7 ⁇ m), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) (40 ⁇ m) from the surface. Got.
  • LLDPE linear low-density polyethylene
  • Example 2 (1) Assembly of fireproof structure Using the endothermic material (thickness 50 mm) manufactured in Example 1 and the following first and second heat insulating materials, the fireproof structure shown in FIGS. Carried out.
  • First heat insulating material Microporous fumed silica molded body (Roslim board GH, NICHIAS Corporation) (800 ° C. thermal conductivity 0.04 W / (m ⁇ K))
  • Second heat insulating material biosoluble fiber blanket (biosoluble fiber composition: about 73 mass% SiO 2 content, about 25 mass% CaO content, about 0.3 mass% MgO content, Al 2 O 3 Content approx. 2% by mass) (Shrinkage rate at 1000 ° C. for 24 hours 0.6%)
  • the procedure for assembling the fireproof structure 400 shown in FIG. 3 is shown below.
  • the step 105 of the cable rack was fixed to a frame attached to the cable rack, and the cable rack 103 was assembled.
  • a case (not shown) containing cables was placed on the stage 105 of the cable rack.
  • the angle of the heat insulating material casing was assembled, the inner metal panel was attached, and a rectangular parallelepiped heat insulating material casing (not shown) in which only the lower surface was released was assembled.
  • a cable rack 103 was installed in the vertical furnace 500, and a heat insulating material casing (not shown) was attached around the cable rack 103.
  • An endothermic material 401 was attached to a metal panel for the inside of the heat insulating material box.
  • One or three layers of the first heat insulating material 405 were attached to the heat absorbing material 401.
  • the second heat insulating material 403 was wound around the first heat insulating material 405.
  • a metal panel (not shown) for the outside of the heat insulating material casing was attached to the outside of the second heat insulating material 403, and the fireproof structure 400 was assembled.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a fireproof structure, and is a figure which shows the installation position of a thermocouple.
  • the thermocouple includes an outer surface of the second heat insulating material (551, 555, and 559 in FIG. 4), a space between the heat absorbing material and the first heat insulating material (555, 557, and 561 in FIG. 4), and an inner surface of the heat absorbing material. (In FIG. 4, 554, 558 and 562).
  • heating was performed for 3 hours with an ISO standard fire resistance curve by a burner, and then allowed to cool for 2 hours.
  • Table 1 shows the measured temperatures (° C.) after 1, 2, 3 and 5 hours at the respective thermocouple installation positions.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the fireproof structure 600 assembled in the third embodiment.
  • the cable rack 103 suspended from the ceiling was used.
  • the cable rack 103 has a plurality of steps, and a case containing the cables 101 is placed on the steps.
  • the heat-absorbing material 601 (thickness 25 mm) manufactured in Example 1 surrounded the periphery of the case containing the cable 101 in the step of the cable rack. Further, the periphery was surrounded by a laminated heat insulating material 603.
  • the laminated heat insulating material 603 is formed by laminating the following third heat insulating material 1 layer (20 mm) and the following second heat insulating material 3 layers (25 mm ⁇ 3) from the inner side where the cable is present, and the entire outside is made of silica cloth. Wrapped. ⁇
  • Third heat insulating material Aerogel / Inorganic fiber composite (Pyrogel, Aspen Co., Ltd.)
  • Second heat insulating material biosoluble fiber blanket (biosoluble fiber composition: about 73 mass% SiO 2 content, about 25 mass% CaO content, about 0.3 mass% MgO content, Al 2 O 3 Content about 2% by mass)
  • thermocouple was installed near the cable 101 outside the laminated heat insulating material 603, between the blanket layers of the laminated heat insulating material 603, between the laminated heat insulating material 603 and the heat absorbing material 601.
  • the mixture was heated on the ISO standard fire resistance curve for 3 hours and then allowed to cool for 2 hours.
  • Table 2 shows the measured temperatures (° C.) after 1, 2, 3 and 5 hours at the respective thermocouple installation positions.
  • the heat-absorbing material of the present invention can be used as a heat-absorbing material used in a place or facility where fire resistance is required, such as a nuclear power plant.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un matériau absorbant la chaleur (1) qui comprend un corps moulé poreux inorganique (11) qui a absorbé de l'eau.
PCT/JP2014/004257 2013-09-02 2014-08-20 Matériau absorbant la chaleur au moyen d'un corps poreux inorganique WO2015029381A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013180923A JP5905861B2 (ja) 2013-09-02 2013-09-02 無機多孔質体を用いた吸熱材
JP2013-180923 2013-09-02

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WO2015029381A1 true WO2015029381A1 (fr) 2015-03-05

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5863917B1 (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-02-17 ニチアス株式会社 耐火構造及びその使用方法
JP2016166503A (ja) * 2015-03-10 2016-09-15 清水建設株式会社 防火扉
CN108175974A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-06-19 国家电网公司 爆破式电缆线路灭火装置
CN110047620A (zh) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-23 卢文杰 复合防火电缆
CN111386628A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2020-07-07 三菱化学株式会社 分隔构件和电池组
CN111386627A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2020-07-07 三菱化学株式会社 分隔构件和电池组

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6331489B2 (ja) * 2014-03-05 2018-05-30 中国電力株式会社 原子力発電所におけるケーブルの耐火構造

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JPS5432246B2 (fr) * 1976-09-06 1979-10-13
JPS635400U (fr) * 1986-06-27 1988-01-14
JPH03130219U (fr) * 1990-12-04 1991-12-27
JPH09192162A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-29 Doukai Kagaku Kogyo Kk 蓄冷材組成物
JPH09192158A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-29 Oumi Kogyo Kk 保温及び保冷用パック
JP2000102557A (ja) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Dokai Chemical Industries Co Ltd 保冷具
JP2008302050A (ja) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-18 K-Wan:Kk 保冷体、及び、保冷体を用いた保冷用具
JP2009057811A (ja) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-19 Sukeshiro Hori 屋上保冷に最適な保水・保冷・断熱用パネル

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5432246B2 (fr) * 1976-09-06 1979-10-13
JPS635400U (fr) * 1986-06-27 1988-01-14
JPH03130219U (fr) * 1990-12-04 1991-12-27
JPH09192162A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-29 Doukai Kagaku Kogyo Kk 蓄冷材組成物
JPH09192158A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-29 Oumi Kogyo Kk 保温及び保冷用パック
JP2000102557A (ja) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-11 Dokai Chemical Industries Co Ltd 保冷具
JP2008302050A (ja) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-18 K-Wan:Kk 保冷体、及び、保冷体を用いた保冷用具
JP2009057811A (ja) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-19 Sukeshiro Hori 屋上保冷に最適な保水・保冷・断熱用パネル

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5863917B1 (ja) * 2014-09-22 2016-02-17 ニチアス株式会社 耐火構造及びその使用方法
JP2016166503A (ja) * 2015-03-10 2016-09-15 清水建設株式会社 防火扉
CN111386628A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2020-07-07 三菱化学株式会社 分隔构件和电池组
CN111386627A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2020-07-07 三菱化学株式会社 分隔构件和电池组
CN111386628B (zh) * 2017-11-30 2023-10-24 三菱化学株式会社 分隔构件和电池组
CN108175974A (zh) * 2017-12-01 2018-06-19 国家电网公司 爆破式电缆线路灭火装置
CN110047620A (zh) * 2019-05-22 2019-07-23 卢文杰 复合防火电缆

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JP2015048405A (ja) 2015-03-16

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