WO2015020152A1 - Système d'entrainement de véhicule servant à empêcher des accidents de véhicule causés par l'enfoncement accidentel des pédales de frein/accélérateur, dispositif d'accélération et dispositif de freinage utilisés dans un tel système - Google Patents

Système d'entrainement de véhicule servant à empêcher des accidents de véhicule causés par l'enfoncement accidentel des pédales de frein/accélérateur, dispositif d'accélération et dispositif de freinage utilisés dans un tel système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015020152A1
WO2015020152A1 PCT/JP2014/070896 JP2014070896W WO2015020152A1 WO 2015020152 A1 WO2015020152 A1 WO 2015020152A1 JP 2014070896 W JP2014070896 W JP 2014070896W WO 2015020152 A1 WO2015020152 A1 WO 2015020152A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accelerator
brake
pedal
hand
handle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/070896
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一郎 大野
Original Assignee
Ono Ichiro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ono Ichiro filed Critical Ono Ichiro
Priority to JP2014551354A priority Critical patent/JP5794720B2/ja
Publication of WO2015020152A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015020152A1/fr

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K26/00Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles
    • B60K26/02Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles of initiating means or elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K26/00Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles
    • B60K26/02Arrangements or mounting of propulsion unit control devices in vehicles of initiating means or elements
    • B60K2026/029Joystick type control devices for acceleration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an automobile driving system for preventing an automobile accident that occurs due to an erroneous depression of an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal.
  • AT cars automatic transmissions
  • sudden stoppage of the car is required due to a sudden event while driving and the brake pedal is intended to stop suddenly.
  • the driver is unaware of his or her own stepping mistake, and the reason why the car does not slow down is that the pedal is not fully depressed.
  • This is thought to be due to the fact that the body is warped by the sudden acceleration of the car and instinctively stretches out.
  • the car falls into an uncontrollable state and leads to an accident. Since the 1970s, when AT cars were on the market in Japan, this type of accident has continued to occur, and many improvements have been studied as a social problem, but the accident still does not go away.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an invention in which the function of an accelerator device is hindered when the accelerator pedal is stepped on vigorously.
  • the function of the accelerator pedal may be hindered, and there is a problem in safety.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses an invention in which an alarm is sounded when an erroneous depression of an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal is detected.
  • the warning may result in a panic.
  • the alarm necessarily corrects the stepping error, and there was a problem.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses an invention as shown in FIG.
  • An accelerator pedal 52 is provided in the lateral direction of the brake pedal 51 for the driver.
  • An operation (depression) to the brake pedal is transmitted to a brake mechanism (not shown) via the brake arm 50.
  • the operation on the accelerator pedal 52 is transmitted to an accelerator mechanism (not shown) via the accelerator wire 53.
  • the direction in which the foot force is directed for the brake operation (the stepping-in direction) is the direction toward the vehicle body floor surface 54 (that is, the direction perpendicular to the vehicle body floor surface), whereas the foot force is directed for the accelerator operation.
  • the direction is the horizontal direction, and they are different in direction.
  • Patent Document 3 is a system that is effective to some extent in order to prevent an automobile accident caused by an erroneous accelerator / brake pedal depression.
  • the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal are operated with the same foot, which is based on the conventional general means of driving an automobile, so the accelerator pedal is operated continuously. Although this is not the case, a pedal depression event still occurs.
  • the brake device is operated with a foot
  • the accelerator device is operated with one hand
  • the handle is operated with one free hand.
  • accelerators that are operated by hand.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses an invention in which an accelerator controller is attached to a handle and the handle is operated with one hand, and at the same time the accelerator controller is operated with the same hand.
  • the operation amount of the operation lever is converted into an electric signal and transmitted to the electronic control unit or the like.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses an invention in which a turning knob 61 is attached to a handle 60 as shown in FIG. 7, and the handle is gripped and rotated with one hand.
  • an accelerator pedal at the position where the right foot comes when the driver sits in the driver's seat, a brake pedal on the trunk center line of the driver on the left side, the accelerator pedal in order from the right side, They are arranged in the order of brake pedals.
  • the driver usually operates both the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal only with the right foot. That is, when the accelerator pedal is depressed, the right foot is moved to the accelerator pedal located at the right end and the accelerator pedal is depressed, and when the brake pedal is depressed, the foot is moved to the position of the left brake pedal and depressed.
  • One foot is operated by changing the position of the foot.
  • the problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an automobile driving system that can completely prevent an accident caused by an erroneous accelerator / brake pedal depression.
  • the problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a vehicle driving system that can be technically easily realized at a low price so that such a vehicle driving system can be used easily.
  • the system of the present application normally operates only the brake device with the right foot and operates the accelerator device with the left hand.
  • Many automobiles equipped with an automatic transmission having such a configuration are on the market, and many people drive cars equipped with the system of the present invention, thereby accelerating the eradication of accidents caused by mistakes in pedaling. For this reason, it is an important subject of the system of the present application to make it possible to use the system of the present application technically easily and at a low price.
  • a handle device that can be operated with one hand, an accelerator device that can be operated with the other hand, and a brake device that can be operated with one foot, and only the brake device is operated by the one foot The problem is solved by an automobile driving system for preventing accidents caused by mistakes in the accelerator / brake pedal.
  • the accelerator device is configured to be operated by hand, not by foot.
  • the driver does not mistake the operation even in the case of a heel.
  • the driver can step on the brake without making a mistake. For this reason, an uncontrollable event caused by misunderstanding and continuing to depress the accelerator as in a conventional vehicle cannot occur completely.
  • One hand is, for example, the right hand, and when one hand is the right hand, the other hand is the left hand. That is, the system of this application is intended for both the case where the handle is operated with the right hand and the accelerator is operated with the left hand, and the case where the handle is operated with the left hand and the accelerator is operated with the right hand. That is, the system of the present application can be applied to both an automobile having a handle attached on the right side and an automobile having a handle attached on the left side.
  • an automobile is driven by holding the handle with both hands.
  • the handle since one hand is used to operate the accelerator device, the handle needs to be operated with the other free hand.
  • the operation of the accelerator device is not always necessary, for example, during a brake operation, and the finger can be frequently released from the accelerator lever.
  • the operation of the accelerator device is not always necessary, for example, during a brake operation, and the finger can be frequently released from the accelerator lever.
  • the steering wheel with both hands to make a sharp curve while driving
  • the rearview mirror needs to be moved, if some operation of the transmission is necessary, etc. It is necessary to release the hand holding the lever. In such a case, it is possible to deal with these events by separating the hand that holds the accelerator without any inconvenience.
  • the accelerator When the hand is released from the accelerator device, the accelerator automatically returns to the idling position by the action of the spring. Thereafter, when the hand is placed at a predetermined position in order to re-operate the accelerator lever, it is not necessary to visually observe the accelerator device, and it can be easily operated again.
  • the accelerator device since the accelerator device is operated by hand, the determination of the acceleration amount and the setting of the operation speed can be performed in more detail than the case of operating with the foot. This is because hands can do much finer work than feet.
  • the accelerator device is removed from the vehicle and the accelerator pedal is removed.
  • the accelerator device is installed at a position where the driver in the vehicle can operate with the other hand, and the driver's intention to accelerate is transmitted to the accelerator mechanism by operating the accelerator device.
  • the problem is solved by the vehicle driving system for preventing a vehicle accident caused by a mistake in stepping on the accelerator / brake pedal according to claim 1.
  • the system of the present application can be realized extremely easily and at low cost by removing the existing accelerator device and replacing it with a position where it can be operated by hand from a conventional vehicle in which the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal are operated with feet.
  • the member for operating the accelerator mechanism should be attached at a position where it can be operated by the driver's hand when purchasing a car.
  • the system of the present application can be realized. If the automobile has such a configuration from the beginning of the automobile purchase, the user can use this system without changing the accelerator pedal. This is realized by the fact that the system of the present application can be installed at the dealer factory at the request of the user at the time of purchase of the automobile. In addition, the present system is used at the time of manufacturing the automobile, and the structure of the automobile is realized using the system of the present application since the purchase of the automobile. By realizing these, the spread of the present system becomes even easier.
  • An automobile to which the present system can be mounted is suitable for a vehicle type having an electronic control accelerator system structure, for example.
  • the member for transmitting the driver's intention to accelerate by foot operation is, for example, an accelerator pedal and an accelerator pedal arm.
  • the position of the vehicle body that the driver can operate with the other hand is usually between the driver's seat and the passenger seat.
  • a transmission operation device, an air conditioner operation device, a navigation device, a travel mode selection switch, etc. are provided between the driver's seat and the passenger seat.
  • a pedestal for installing the accelerator device of the present application is separately provided at a “position that can be operated with another hand”.
  • the other hand is a hand that does not operate the handle.
  • a vehicle driving system for preventing a vehicle accident caused by a mistake in stepping on the accelerator / brake pedal, wherein the handle is provided with a handle operation knob for operating the handle with one hand.
  • the driver can operate the steering wheel by grasping and rotating the knob.
  • the handle operation knob may be, for example, a knob attached to the handle that extends from a plane including the handle toward the driver. The driver operates the steering wheel by holding the knob.
  • a footrest member for always putting a foot on the brake is provided, and the footrest member and the brake are connected by a connecting member, and an operation on the footrest member is transmitted to the brake through the connecting member. 4.
  • the brake functions so as to prevent a vehicle accident caused by a mistake in depression of an accelerator / brake pedal according to any one of claims 1 to 3. To do.
  • the system of this application is equipped with a brake that can be operated with one foot on the vehicle at all times. This is because the brake is the only object operated by the foot. It is an important feature of the system of the present application that the structure is such that one of the legs is always placed and operated.
  • the brake pedal has been operated by switching from the accelerator pedal. Therefore, when the driver intends to stop the car, the driver must first place his / her foot at any position on the brake pedal. It was necessary to do it from the movement to get on. Even if the time is very short, the car will continue to drive during that time, so it is desirable to eliminate such time in order to apply the brakes quickly. Even if the foot is put on the brake, the brake will not be in a half brake state unless the tread is intentionally stepped on, so that the stop lamp does not light up.
  • the accelerator since the accelerator is operated by hand, the operation with the foot is only the brake. As a result, it is possible to realize a configuration in which the driving foot is always put on the brake, and the brake can be applied quickly.
  • the feature of the present system that only the brake is operated by the foot is an important feature provided because the present system is a system for preventing a car accident caused by an erroneous accelerator / brake pedal depression.
  • the handle operating knob When the handle operating knob extends in a substantially horizontal direction with respect to the plane including the handle, the gripping position for rotating the handle is outside the handle, so that the handle having a substantially large radius is operated. It will be the same. Thereby, the force for operating the handle is small, which is convenient for a weak woman or an elderly person.
  • the problem is solved by the accelerator device used in the above-mentioned automobile driving system.
  • the accelerator device Since the accelerator device is operated by hand, the operation with the foot can be performed only by the brake device. As a result, it is possible to provide a system in which only the brake pedal is used and the driving foot is always put on the brake pedal. Accordingly, it is not necessary to change the pedal, the brake pedal can be instantly depressed, and the vehicle body can be stopped earlier than a conventional brake pedal vehicle.
  • the present system can be used simply by removing the accelerator device already provided on the vehicle body and replacing it with a position where it can be operated by hand. For this reason, the system of the present application can be used very easily and at a low price, and thereby the social spread of the system of the present application can be accelerated.
  • This figure shows a depression type accelerator device. This figure shows a state in which the pedal and the pedal arm are removed from the depression type accelerator device. This figure shows a finger operation type accelerator device attached to a vehicle body. This figure shows a brake pedal that can always have a foot on it. This figure shows a system comprising a handle operated with one hand, an accelerator device operated with one hand, and a brake operated with one foot. This figure shows an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal according to Patent Document 3. This figure shows a turning knob and a handle according to Patent Document 5.
  • Example 1 the system of the present application is configured by removing an existing accelerator device (a stepping-type accelerator device) of an automobile and replacing it with a position operated by hand.
  • an existing accelerator device a stepping-type accelerator device
  • a step-down accelerator device 11 is attached to the vehicle body 10 as a member operated with the right foot.
  • pedals are usually arranged in the order of the accelerator and the brake from the right (not shown) at the position where the foot comes when the driver is seated.
  • the throttle position sensor 16 When the driver depresses the accelerator pedal 12, the amount of depression is transmitted to the throttle position sensor 16 via the pedal arm 13 and the lever 14.
  • the throttle position sensor 16 In the throttle position sensor 16, the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal is converted into an electric signal, which is sent to the ECU (electric control unit) via the cable 17, and the air inflow adjustment valve and the fuel injection amount of the throttle body are controlled to control the vehicle. Accelerates (Figure 2).
  • the existing stepping type accelerator device 11 is removed from the vehicle body 10, and the pedal 12 and the pedal arm 13 are further removed from the stepping type accelerator device 11.
  • the set of the case 20, the lever 14, and the cable 17 from which the pedal 12 and the pedal arm 13 are removed is attached to a position of the vehicle body that is suitable for manual operation.
  • the “position suitable for operating by hand” means, for example, a position where a transmission operation panel, an air conditioner switch, and the like at the boundary between the driver's seat 33 and the passenger seat 34 are arranged ( 30).
  • an accelerator device base base (not shown) is manufactured and installed instead.
  • a base 31 is attached to the location indicated by 30, and a set of the case 20, the lever 14 and the cable 17 with the pedal 12 and the pedal arm 13 removed is mounted on the base 31 with screws, bolts and nuts, etc. Install.
  • the case 20 (the spring 15 and the throttle position sensor 16 are maintained in the case 20 in the same manner as before being changed to a position suitable for manual operation), the lever 14 and the cable 17.
  • a finger operation type accelerator device 18 is a finger operation type accelerator device 18.
  • the depression type accelerator device 11 includes a pedal 12, a pedal arm 13, a lever 14, a spring 15, a throttle position sensor 16, a case 20, and a cable 17.
  • the finger operation type accelerator device 18 includes a lever 14, a spring 15, a throttle position sensor 16, a case 20, and a cable 17. The operation of the accelerator device is transmitted to the accelerator mechanism (not shown) via the cable, and the automobile is accelerated. Further, the depression type accelerator device and the finger operation type accelerator device are collectively referred to as an accelerator device.
  • the accelerator operation is performed by pushing the lever 14 with a finger in the direction of arrow A or releasing the finger that pushed the lever 14.
  • the lever 14 When the lever 14 is pushed in the direction of the arrow A, it functions in the same manner as the accelerator operated with the foot. That is, when a force in the direction of arrow A is applied to the lever 14, the amount of force applied in the direction of arrow A and the speed at which the force is applied are transmitted to the throttle position sensor 16. In the throttle position sensor 16, the amount of force and the operation speed in the direction of arrow A are converted into an electrical signal, which is sent to an ECU (electric control unit) via a cable 17, and the throttle body air inflow adjustment valve and fuel injection The car will accelerate by controlling the amount.
  • ECU electric control unit
  • the moving speed and the moving amount of the lever 14 in the direction of arrow A were based on the stepping speed and the amount of stepping by the foot.
  • the moving speed and the moving amount in the direction are based on the pressing speed and the pressing amount with fingers.
  • the springs 15 are biased in a direction to return the moved lever 14 to the original position, and function as a lever returning the lever 14 to the original position. That is, when the lever 14 is moved in the direction of arrow A, the spring 15 resists the force directed in the direction of arrow A.
  • the spring 15 used on the assumption that the lever 14 is moved with the force of the foot may be too strong when the lever 14 is moved with the force of the hand. Replace with one with weak spring force.
  • the existing brake pedal 46 is removed from the vehicle body and replaced with a position on the right side of the existing position where the brake operation is easy to perform (FIG. 4).
  • the pedal arm 45 that transmits the depression of the brake pedal to the brake mechanism of the automobile does not affect the function of transmitting the depression of the brake pedal 46 to the brake mechanism of the automobile, and the crank arm is made of high-tension steel stronger than existing steel materials. Replace with a shape.
  • the mechanism that operates with the foot is arranged in the order of the accelerator pedal and the brake pedal from the right, but in the car with the accelerator pedal removed from the vehicle body, there is room on the right side, so it is more natural to operate the right foot Brake pedals can be placed at the correct positions (positions that can be operated without difficulty).
  • the pedal 46 is attached to the vehicle body floor with three or more stud bolts.
  • a spring mechanism is provided on the rear surface of the tread surface (not shown) so as to move in the direction of arrow B by pushing the pedal.
  • the pedal 46 is connected to an existing brake mechanism by a pedal arm 45 (not shown).
  • the driver operates the steering wheel with the right hand, operates the accelerator with the left hand, and operates the brake with the right foot.
  • the driver performs the accelerator operation by pushing the lever 14 of the accelerator in the direction of arrow A with the thumb.
  • the cable 17 is an electromagnetic interference prevention cable. Further, the cable 17 may be covered with the cable 17.
  • the handle 40 is provided with a turning knob 41 for turning the handle with one hand, and the handle can be operated by grasping the turning knob 41 with one hand.
  • a turning knob 41 for turning the handle with one hand
  • the handle can be operated by grasping the turning knob 41 with one hand.
  • the extending direction of the knob may extend in a direction perpendicular to the surface constituting the handle as shown in the figure, or may extend in the horizontal direction of the surface constituting the handle, although not shown. Good.
  • the driver's grasping the knob and turning the handle is substantially the same as operating the handle having a large diameter. Therefore, in this case, the force for turning the steering wheel becomes small, and it can be easily operated even by a weak driver such as an elderly person or a woman.
  • the right foot can be always placed on the brake pedal 46 during driving. When the foot is put on the pedal 46, the brake is not in a half brake state unless the driver intentionally steps on the pedal 46, and therefore the stop lamp is not turned on.
  • the accelerator device and the brake device cannot be operated at the same time, so the so-called “slope start” is performed using the accelerator and the parking brake.
  • the accelerator was operated with the parking brake applied, and the engine speed was set slightly higher than when starting on flat ground, and the vehicle was started by stepping on the accelerator while gradually releasing the parking brake.
  • the accelerator device and the brake device can be operated at the same time. Therefore, the parking brake is not used when starting on a slope. The slope can be started by loosening the brake pedal and simultaneously operating the accelerator lever with your fingers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème à résoudre par la présente invention est de fournir un système d'entraînement de véhicule avec lequel les accidents provoqués par un enfoncement accidentel d'une des pédales de frein/accélérateur ne se produisent pas. La solution selon la présente invention porte sur un conducteur qui actionne un volant de direction (40) avec la main droite (43), qui actionne un dispositif d'accélérateur avec la main gauche (47), et qui actionne un frein avec le pied droit (49). Le dispositif d'accélérateur est actionné par pression avec le pouce d'un levier d'accélérateur (14) dans la direction de la flèche A. Cette invention permet de résoudre le problème grâce à l'utilisation d'un système configuré de cette manière. Le conducteur peut maintenir, à tout moment, son pied sur la pédale de frein. De plus, la pédale de frein est disposée dans une position dans laquelle le pied droit serait situé si le conducteur était dans une posture naturelle, tout en restant assis dans un siège.
PCT/JP2014/070896 2013-08-09 2014-08-07 Système d'entrainement de véhicule servant à empêcher des accidents de véhicule causés par l'enfoncement accidentel des pédales de frein/accélérateur, dispositif d'accélération et dispositif de freinage utilisés dans un tel système WO2015020152A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014551354A JP5794720B2 (ja) 2013-08-09 2014-08-07 アクセル/ブレーキペダル踏み間違いを起因とする自動車事故防止のための自動車運転システム及び同システムで用いられるアクセル装置及び同システムで用いられるブレーキ装置

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013166069 2013-08-09
JP2013-166069 2013-08-09

Publications (1)

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WO2015020152A1 true WO2015020152A1 (fr) 2015-02-12

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104890656A (zh) * 2015-05-20 2015-09-09 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 一种判断车辆油门状态异常电路及具有该电路的电子设备
CN109050245A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-21 贵州新山地新能源汽车制造有限公司 一种电动观光车用的防错装置
CN110217104A (zh) * 2018-03-02 2019-09-10 河南许继仪表有限公司 一种汽车油门控制方法及装置、车辆
US11999228B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2024-06-04 Subaru Corporation Pedal-application-error accident preventing device

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JP5314202B1 (ja) * 2013-02-27 2013-10-16 眞平 清水 オートマチック車
JP2014048742A (ja) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-17 Naohiro Harada 踏み間違い防止装置

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JPS5936518Y2 (ja) * 1978-10-07 1984-10-08 有限会社フジオ−ト 身体障害者用自動車運転装置
JPH0665146U (ja) * 1993-02-25 1994-09-13 株式会社ニッシン自動車工業 くびれ付旋回用ノブ
JPH09277850A (ja) * 1996-04-17 1997-10-28 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 自動車のアクセル操作装置
JP2002120590A (ja) * 2000-10-13 2002-04-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd 身体障害者用車両
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JP5314202B1 (ja) * 2013-02-27 2013-10-16 眞平 清水 オートマチック車

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104890656A (zh) * 2015-05-20 2015-09-09 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 一种判断车辆油门状态异常电路及具有该电路的电子设备
CN104890656B (zh) * 2015-05-20 2018-02-06 青岛歌尔声学科技有限公司 一种判断车辆油门状态异常电路及具有该电路的电子设备
CN110217104A (zh) * 2018-03-02 2019-09-10 河南许继仪表有限公司 一种汽车油门控制方法及装置、车辆
CN110217104B (zh) * 2018-03-02 2022-03-15 河南许继仪表有限公司 一种汽车油门控制方法及装置、车辆
CN109050245A (zh) * 2018-09-20 2018-12-21 贵州新山地新能源汽车制造有限公司 一种电动观光车用的防错装置
US11999228B2 (en) 2021-03-22 2024-06-04 Subaru Corporation Pedal-application-error accident preventing device

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JPWO2015020152A1 (ja) 2017-03-02

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