WO2015012354A1 - 排ガス処理方法および排ガス処理設備 - Google Patents
排ガス処理方法および排ガス処理設備 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015012354A1 WO2015012354A1 PCT/JP2014/069567 JP2014069567W WO2015012354A1 WO 2015012354 A1 WO2015012354 A1 WO 2015012354A1 JP 2014069567 W JP2014069567 W JP 2014069567W WO 2015012354 A1 WO2015012354 A1 WO 2015012354A1
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- slag
- exhaust gas
- electric furnace
- molten
- furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5294—General arrangement or layout of the electric melt shop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/001—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor
- F27D17/003—Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor of waste gases emanating from an electric arc furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
- C21C2005/5223—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace with post-combustion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment method and an exhaust gas treatment facility.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-153536 for which it applied to Japan on July 24, 2013, and uses the content here.
- Slag steel slag
- Slag steel slag
- dephosphorization decarburization refining using a converter or the like in a steelmaking process
- CaO CaO
- reusing steelmaking slag as a cement raw material, an aggregate, etc. has been restricted.
- Patent Document 1 iron, steel slag is added to the molten steel in the melting furnace, heat and reducing material are added to transform the steel slag, and Fe, Mn, and P in the steel slag are transferred to the molten steel.
- a slag treatment method comprising a first step of obtaining a metamorphic slag, and second and third steps in which Mn and P in the molten steel are oxidized and sequentially transferred to a metamorphic slag, and high Mn slag and high P slag are sequentially taken out. It is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 steel slag with an iron oxide content of more than 5 wt% is introduced into a steel bath with a carbon content of less than 1.5 wt%, and then the steel bath is carbonized by introducing carbon or a carbon carrier.
- a method is disclosed in which a steel bath with a rate of greater than 2.0 wt% is obtained and thereafter the oxide in the steel slag is reduced.
- the steel slag reacts violently with the steel bath, causing foaming of the steel slag (slag forming), or when the steel slag is ejected (overflow) from the furnace There is.
- the carbon content of the steel bath is reduced before the steel slag is introduced into the steel bath. This reduces the reaction rate between the steel slag and the steel bath when the steel slag is introduced into the steel bath. As described above, after increasing the carbon content of the steel bath in a state where the reaction rate between the steel slag and the steel bath is reduced, the steel slag is reduced.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a result of a steel slag powder, a carbon material powder, and a slag modifier powder charged in an electric furnace and subjected to a slag reduction test. Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, molten slag generated by non-ferrous refining is reduced with a carbonaceous reducing material in an open direct current electric furnace, and the molten slag is separated into a metal layer and a slag layer. A method for recovering valuable metals is disclosed.
- a modifier is added or sprayed to the low fluidity steelmaking slag accommodated in the container. Before (or after) the steelmaking slag is mechanically agitated. And after heating the mixed layer of steelmaking slag and a modifier using a heating burner to obtain molten slag, the molten slag is discharged from the container and solidified.
- a solidified cold steelmaking slag pulverized product is a processing object.
- solidified cold slag is a processing object. In order to perform the reduction treatment of the cold slag, a process for heating and melting the cold slag is necessary, so that the energy intensity increases due to the addition of such a process.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 in which hot steelmaking slag is recycled by batch processing have a problem that work efficiency and productivity of slag processing are low.
- Patent Document 3 in which cold steelmaking slag is heated and melted for recycling, there is a problem that the energy intensity required for the slag treatment increases.
- the inventors of the present application can treat the steelmaking slag in a molten state (hereinafter referred to as molten slag) generated in the steelmaking process without solidification in order to reduce the energy intensity, and work efficiency and productivity.
- molten slag a molten state generated in the steelmaking process without solidification.
- a molten slag layer (preferably an inert reduced slag layer) is formed in advance as a buffer zone on the molten iron layer in the electric furnace, and molten slag is injected into the molten slag layer from the slag holding furnace.
- occur
- the amount of exhaust gas generated in the electric furnace varies with, for example, the amount of molten slag injected or the progress of slag reduction treatment. Therefore, when the exhaust gas amount is constant, the internal pressure of the electric furnace may increase when the amount of exhaust gas generated increases, making it impossible to maintain the negative pressure. Further, when the amount of exhaust gas generated decreases, the internal pressure of the electric furnace greatly decreases, and excessive dust may be sucked into the exhaust path.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an exhaust gas treatment capable of easily adjusting the internal pressure of an electric furnace according to fluctuations in the amount of exhaust gas generated in an electric furnace that performs a reduction treatment of molten slag. It is to provide a method and an exhaust gas treatment facility.
- the present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems and achieve the object.
- molten slag generated in a steelmaking process is introduced into a slag holding furnace, and a molten slag formed on the molten iron layer and the molten iron layer from the slag holding furnace.
- Slag treatment in which the molten slag is injected into an electric furnace containing a layer, the molten slag is continuously reduced in the electric furnace, and valuable materials in the molten slag are recovered in the molten iron layer
- a method for treating exhaust gas in a process wherein the exhaust gas generated in the electric furnace is introduced into the slag holding furnace, and an oxygen-containing gas is supplied into the slag holding furnace to thereby remove combustible components in the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas after combustion is guided from the slag holding furnace to the suction device via the exhaust pipe, and outside air is introduced into the exhaust pipe from an opening provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe. Adjusting the internal pressure of the electric furnace, with the opening area varying means provided in the opening to change the area of the opening in accordance with a variation in internal pressure of the electric furnace.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe is further introduced by introducing outside air into the exhaust pipe from an external air introduction port provided between the opening and the suction device. May be cooled.
- the flow rate of the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet according to the temperature fluctuation of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe between the opening and the suction device is set. It may be changed.
- An exhaust gas treatment facility is a method in which molten slag generated in a steelmaking process is introduced into a slag holding furnace, and a molten slag formed on the molten iron layer and the molten iron layer from the slag holding furnace.
- the opening area changing means being provided around the exhaust pipe and sliding along the axial direction of the exhaust pipe. It may include a sleeve capable of covering.
- the exhaust gas treatment facility according to (4) or (5) may further include an outside air introduction port provided in the exhaust pipe between the opening and the suction device.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing a slag treatment process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- hot metal is produced using a blast furnace in the iron making process (S1), and pig iron is refined into steel using a converter or the like in the steel making process (S2).
- This steel making process (S2) includes a desulfurization process (S3), a dephosphorization process (S4), and a decarburization process (S5) for removing sulfur, phosphorus, carbon and the like in the hot metal.
- the steel making process (S2) includes a secondary refining process (S6) in which components such as hydrogen and other gases remaining in the molten steel are removed and sulfur is adjusted, and a casting process (S7) in which the molten steel is cast with a continuous casting machine. ).
- the hot metal is refined in the converter using a flux mainly composed of calcium oxide.
- the oxygen blown into the converter oxidizes C, Si, P, Mn, etc. in the hot metal to produce an oxide.
- slag is produced.
- the desulfurization step (S3), the dephosphorization step (S4), and the decarburization step (S5) slags having different components (desulfurization slag, dephosphorization slag, decarburization slag) are generated.
- Steelmaking slag also includes desulfurization slag, dephosphorization slag, and decarburization slag.
- steelmaking slag in a molten state at high temperature is referred to as molten slag, and similarly, desulfurized slag, decarburized slag, and dephosphorized slag in a molten state are respectively melted desulfurized slag, molten dephosphorized slag, And referred to as molten decarburized slag.
- the molten slag generated in the steel making step (S2) is transported from the converter to the electric furnace, and continuously subjected to reductive melting reforming in the electric furnace.
- valuable substances evaluationable elements such as Fe and P
- valuable substances in the molten slag are recovered in the molten iron layer, which is the lower layer of the molten slag layer.
- a reduction process of oxides such as Fe and P in the molten slag a process of separating granular iron (iron) from the molten slag, a process of adjusting the basicity of the molten slag, and the like are performed.
- the high-phosphorus molten iron containing phosphorus and the like separated from the molten slag is recovered, and the molten slag, which is a steelmaking slag, is reduced and reformed, and high-quality reduced slag equivalent to blast furnace slag is recovered. . Since this reduced slag has low expansibility compared to steelmaking slag, it can be effectively recycled to cement raw materials, fine aggregates, ceramic products, and the like.
- dephosphorization treatment (S11) is performed on the high-phosphorus molten iron recovered from the molten slag, and P in the high-phosphorous molten iron is oxidized and transferred to the molten slag, so that the high-phosphorous molten iron is converted into the high phosphoric acid slag. And molten iron.
- High phosphoric acid slag can be recycled as phosphoric acid fertilizer or phosphoric acid raw material. Further, the molten iron is recycled to the steel making process (S2) and is put into a converter or the like.
- molten dephosphorization slag As a processing object among various molten slags generated in the steel making step (S2).
- the molten dephosphorized slag is at a lower temperature than the molten decarburized slag, but contains a large amount of granular iron and phosphoric acid. For this reason, recovery efficiency of valuable elements (Fe, P, etc.) by this process becomes high by melt-modifying molten dephosphorization slag not by oxidation treatment but by reduction treatment. Therefore, in the following description, an example in which molten dephosphorization slag is mainly used as a processing object will be described.
- the molten slag of the present invention is not limited to molten dephosphorization slag, and any steelmaking slag generated in the steelmaking process (S2), such as molten desulfurization slag and molten decarburization slag, can be used.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of the slag treatment facility according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the slag treatment facility includes an electric furnace 1 and a slag holding furnace 2 disposed obliquely above the electric furnace 1.
- a slag pan 3 is used to introduce the molten slag 4 into the slag holding furnace 2, and this slag pan 3 is a converter (not shown) and a slag holding furnace 2 used in the steelmaking step (S2). Can be reciprocated between.
- the molten slag 4 discharged from the converter is put into the slag pan 3.
- the slag pan 3 carries the molten slag 4 from the converter to the slag holding furnace 2 and then throws the molten slag 4 into the slag holding furnace 2.
- the slag holding furnace 2 can also store and hold the molten slag 4 and injects the held molten slag 4 into the electric furnace 1 continuously or intermittently.
- the molten slag 4 held in the slag holding furnace 2 does not need to be completely melted, and may have fluidity that can be injected from the slag holding furnace 2 into the electric furnace 1. That is, even if a part of the molten slag 4 is melted and the remaining part is solidified, it is only necessary to have fluidity as a whole.
- the electric furnace 1 reduces and reforms the molten slag 4 using a reducing material such as a carbonaceous material and an auxiliary material such as a modifying material.
- the electric furnace 1 is a reduction-type electric furnace for melting and reducing the molten slag 4 as described above, and is composed of, for example, a fixed DC electric furnace.
- the outer shell of the electric furnace 1 includes a furnace bottom 11, a furnace wall 12, and a furnace lid 13.
- a slag inlet 14 for receiving the molten slag 4 from the slag holding furnace 2 is formed in the furnace lid 13.
- the electric furnace 1 has a sealed structure except for the slag inlet 14 so that the furnace space can be kept warm.
- an upper electrode 15 and a furnace bottom electrode 16 are disposed so as to face each other in the vertical direction.
- a voltage is applied between the upper electrode 15 and the furnace bottom electrode 16, and arc discharge is generated between the upper electrode 15 and the furnace bottom electrode 16, thereby reducing the molten slag 4.
- FIG. 2 by using a hollow electrode as the upper electrode 15, it is possible to input the auxiliary material into the arc spot through the inside of the hollow electrode without separately installing a material input device.
- a furnace wall 12 of the electric furnace 1 is provided with a tap outlet 17 for discharging reduced slag and a tap outlet 18 for discharging molten iron.
- the pouring gate 17 is arranged at a height position corresponding to the molten slag layer 5 on the molten iron layer 6, and the pouring gate 18 is arranged at a height position corresponding to the molten iron layer 6 on the furnace bottom side.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a case where the raw material supply devices 31, 32, and 33 are all provided in the electric furnace 1.
- the raw material supply device 31 is provided when iron-containing materials such as iron scrap and direct reduced iron (DRI) are supplied into the electric furnace 1.
- the raw material supply apparatus 33 is provided when supplying fine iron-containing material (for example, FeO powder), such as dust powder containing iron, into the electric furnace 1 through the upper electrode 15 (hollow electrode). Thereby, these iron-containing materials can be melted and recycled in the electric furnace 1.
- the raw material supply device 32 is necessary for supplying auxiliary raw materials such as a reducing material and a reforming material necessary for the reduction treatment of the molten slag 4.
- the raw material supply device 32 is supplied into the electric furnace 1 through the upper electrode 15 It is illustrated about.
- the reducing material for example, fine powdery carbon materials such as coke powder, smokeless coal powder, and graphite powder are used.
- the modifier is an auxiliary material for adjusting the concentration of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 or MgO mainly contained in the molten slag 4.
- silica sand, fly ash, MgO powder, waste refractory powder, and the like can be used.
- molten iron for example, molten iron transported from a blast furnace
- the C concentration of molten iron is usually 1.5% by mass to 4.5% by mass.
- the present inventors correlate the C concentration (mass%) of the molten iron with the total Fe concentration (T.Fe) (mass%) of the molten slag 4 (reduced slag) after the reduction treatment. It has been confirmed by experiments.
- the C concentration of the molten iron exceeds 3% by mass, the reduction of the oxide in the molten slag 4 is promoted, and the total Fe concentration of the reduced slag can be reduced to 1% by mass or less. Therefore, it is preferable to adjust the C concentration of the molten iron in the molten iron layer 6 in accordance with the total Fe concentration required for the reduced slag.
- an amount of molten slag 4 corresponding to the reduction processing capacity of the electric furnace 1 (for example, the amount of electric power supplied to the electric furnace 1 per unit time) Injection into the electric furnace 1 from the holding furnace 2.
- the molten slag 4 injected into the electric furnace 1 forms a molten slag layer 5 on the molten iron layer 6.
- the auxiliary materials such as the reducing material (carbon material) and the reforming material are continuously fed into the molten slag layer 5 in the electric furnace 1 through the upper electrode 15, for example.
- the temperature of the molten iron layer 6 is controlled to be, for example, 1400 ° C.
- the temperature of the molten slag layer 5 is, for example, 1500 ° C. to 1650 ° C.
- This temperature control can be performed by adjusting the supply amount of the molten slag 4 or adjusting the power supply amount within a range where the power supply amount per unit time is constant.
- the reduction reaction of the molten slag 4 in the molten slag layer 5 proceeds by the arc heat generated between the upper electrode 15 and the furnace bottom electrode 16 in the electric furnace 1.
- oxides (FeO, P 2 O 5, etc.) contained in the molten slag 4 are reduced by carbon of carbon in the molten slag layer 5 to generate Fe and P.
- Fe and P move from the molten slag layer 5 to the molten iron layer 6 (molten iron) on the furnace bottom side.
- the surplus carbon material C does not move to the molten iron layer 6 but is suspended in the molten slag layer 5.
- the slag component in the molten slag 4 is reformed by the modifying material.
- FeO contained in the molten slag 4 injected into the electric furnace 1 is preferentially given to C of the carbonaceous material in the molten slag layer 5 rather than C contained in the molten iron in the molten iron layer 6.
- the reaction is carried out (see the following reaction formula (1)).
- FeO + C ⁇ Fe + CO ⁇ (1) That is, the carbon material C that has been charged does not migrate to the molten iron layer 6 but is suspended in the molten slag layer 5. Is hard to get up. For this reason, the reduction reaction based on the above reaction formula (1) preferentially proceeds inside the molten slag layer 5, and the reduced iron (Fe) generated by this reduction reaction moves to the molten iron layer 6.
- the reaction between FeO and C in the molten slag layer 5 is more dominant than the reaction between FeO in the molten slag layer 5 and C in the molten iron layer 6. is there. Therefore, when the molten slag 4 is injected into the electric furnace 1, the molten slag layer 5 on the molten iron layer 6 becomes a buffer zone for the reaction between the injected molten slag 4 and the molten iron in the molten iron layer 6. It is possible to suppress the slag 4 from reacting rapidly with the molten iron.
- the FeO concentration of the injected molten slag 4 can be diluted and reduced, and the molten iron of the injected molten slag 4 and the molten iron layer 6 can be reduced. Direct contact with can be suppressed. Therefore, when the molten slag 4 is injected from the slag holding furnace 2 to the electric furnace 1, bumping phenomenon (slag forming) caused by the molten slag 4 reacting rapidly with the molten iron can be suppressed. As a result, the molten slag 4 The phenomenon of overflowing to the outside of the electric furnace 1 (overflow) can be avoided.
- the oxide contained in the molten slag 4 injected into the molten slag layer 5 in the electric furnace 1 is reduced, and Fe and P are recovered from the molten slag 4 to the molten iron layer 6.
- the slag component of the molten slag 4 is modified. Therefore, if the reduction process proceeds after the injection of the molten slag 4, the components of the molten slag layer 5 are gradually reformed from the molten slag 4 (steel slag) to reduced slag (high quality slag equivalent to blast furnace slag). Go.
- the molten slag layer 5 modified to reduced slag becomes a buffer zone having a lower FeO concentration, when newly injecting the molten slag 4 from the slag holding furnace 2 to the molten slag layer 5, the occurrence of slag forming is prevented. It can suppress more reliably.
- the layer thickness of the molten slag layer 5 is preferably 100 mm to 600 mm, more preferably 100 mm to 800 mm, from the viewpoint of expressing a function as a buffer zone. For this reason, when the molten slag 4 is injected and the thickness of the molten slag layer 5 reaches a predetermined layer thickness, the outlet 17 is opened, and the reduced slag of the molten slag layer 5 is supplied to the electric furnace 1. Discharge outside.
- the hot water outlet 18 is opened, and the molten iron (for example, high P hot metal) of the molten iron layer 6 is discharged.
- the reduced slag is intermittently discharged and collected from the tap outlet 17 of the electric furnace 1.
- molten iron is intermittently discharged and collected from the tap 18 of the electric furnace 1.
- high temperature exhaust gas containing CO, H 2, etc. is generated by reducing the oxide of the molten slag 4 using carbon of carbonaceous material.
- CO gas is generated by the reduction reaction based on the above reaction formula (1).
- the exhaust gas flows into the slag holding furnace 2 through the slag inlet 14 of the electric furnace 1 and is discharged outside through the slag holding furnace 2 as an exhaust path.
- the atmosphere in the electric furnace 1 is changed to CO gas generated by the reduction reaction, and carbonaceous material (reducing material). Is maintained in a reducing atmosphere containing H 2 as a main component. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an oxidation reaction from occurring on the surface of the molten slag layer 5.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the slag holding furnace 2 (holding posture) according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the slag holding furnace 2 (injection posture) according to the present embodiment.
- the slag holding furnace 2 is a heat-resistant container and has a function of holding a high-temperature molten slag 4 and injecting it into the electric furnace 1.
- the slag holding furnace 2 has a structure capable of holding the molten slag 4 and adjusting the injection amount of the molten slag 4 into the electric furnace 1, and also functions as an exhaust path for the exhaust gas generated in the electric furnace 1. To do.
- the slag holding furnace 2 includes a slag holding furnace main body 20 (hereinafter referred to as the furnace main body 20) for storing and holding the molten slag 4, and a spout for injecting the molten slag 4 in the furnace main body 20 into the electric furnace 1. Part 21.
- the furnace body 20 is a sealed container composed of a lower wall 22, a side wall 23, and an upper wall 24, and has an internal space for storing the molten slag 4.
- the lower wall 22 includes an iron skin 22a and a heat insulating material 22b outside the iron skin 22a, and a lining refractory 22c inside the iron skin 22a. Therefore, the lower wall 22 has excellent strength and heat resistance.
- a lining refractory is also applied to the inner surfaces of the side wall 23 and the upper wall 24.
- a gas discharge port 25 and a slag inlet 26 are provided on the upper portion of the furnace body 20 on the furnace lid 27 side.
- the gas discharge port 25 is an exhaust port for discharging the exhaust gas of the electric furnace 1 and is connected to an exhaust pipe 55 described later.
- the internal pressure of the slag holding furnace 2 is maintained at a negative pressure by a suction device such as a blower 56 connected to the exhaust pipe 55.
- the slag inlet 26 is an opening for introducing the molten slag 4 from the slag pan 3 installed above the slag holding furnace 2 into the furnace body 20.
- the slag inlet 26 is provided with an open / close type furnace lid 27.
- the furnace lid 27 When the molten slag 4 is charged from the slag pot 3 to the furnace body 20, the furnace lid 27 is opened. On the other hand, while the molten slag 4 is not charged from the slag pot 3 to the furnace body 20, the furnace lid 27 is closed and the slag inlet 26 is closed. As a result, outside air can be prevented from entering the furnace body 20, and the internal temperature of the furnace body 20 can be maintained at a constant temperature.
- the spout part 21 is a cylindrical part provided on the electric furnace 1 side of the furnace body 20.
- the internal space of the spout 21 is used as a slag injection path 28 for injecting the molten slag 4 from the furnace body 20 into the electric furnace 1.
- a spout 29 that communicates with the slag injection path 28 is provided at the tip of the spout 21.
- the length of the slag injection path 28 in the vertical direction of the slag holding furnace 2 and the length of the slag injection path 28 in the width direction of the slag holding furnace 2 (the vertical direction in FIG. 3) are compared with the internal space of the furnace body 20. It ’s getting shorter.
- the slag injection path 28 is curved downward as it goes forward in the injection direction.
- the internal space of the furnace body 20 is gradually narrowed toward the spout portion 21 side.
- the spout 21 of the slag holding furnace 2 is connected to the slag inlet 14 of the electric furnace 1.
- the slag inlet 14 of the electric furnace 1 is larger than the spout portion 21 of the slag holding furnace 2. That is, in the present embodiment, the connection where the tip of the spout portion 21 is inserted into the slag inlet 14 in a state where a gap exists between the outer wall surface of the spout portion 21 and the inner wall surface of the slag inlet 14.
- the structure is adopted.
- connection structure between the spout part 21 and the slag inlet 14 is not limited to this embodiment, The connection structure by which the spout part 21 and the slag inlet 14 were airtightly connected by the bellows etc., or A connection structure in which a filler is packed in the gap between the spout portion 21 and the slag inlet 14 can be employed.
- the suction device such as the blower 56
- the internal pressure of the slag holding furnace 2 becomes negative.
- the slag holding furnace 2 functions as an exhaust path for exhaust gas generated in the electric furnace 1. That is, the exhaust gas containing CO and H 2 generated by the reduction treatment in the electric furnace 1 passes through the slag inlet 14 of the electric furnace 1 and the spout part 21 of the slag holding furnace 2 as shown by arrows in FIG. Then, it flows into the furnace body 20 of the slag holding furnace 2 in which the internal pressure is maintained at a negative pressure.
- the exhaust gas in the electric furnace 1 is not removed from the above gap even though outside air may enter through the gap between the connecting portions of the electric furnace 1 and the slag holding furnace 2. Will not leak to the outside. Further, the exhaust gas flowing into the slag holding furnace 2 is discharged from the gas discharge port 25 through the furnace body 20. In this way, the exhaust gas discharged from the slag holding furnace 2 is processed by an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown) described later.
- a tilting device 40 is provided on the lower side of the furnace body 20 of the slag holding furnace 2.
- the tilting device 40 has a function of tilting the slag holding furnace 2 toward the pouring part 21 and injecting the molten slag 4 in the furnace body 20 into the electric furnace 1 from the pouring part 21.
- the tilting device 40 includes a cylinder 41, support members 42 and 43, a tilting shaft 44, and a carriage 45.
- the cylinder 41 is composed of, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and generates power for tilting the slag holding furnace 2.
- the upper end of the cylinder 41 is connected to a position in the lower wall 22 of the furnace body 20 that is separated from the slag holding furnace 2 so as to tilt toward the electric furnace 1 side.
- the lower end of the cylinder 41 is connected to the upper surface of the carriage 45.
- the tilting shaft 44 is provided below the spout part 21 of the slag holding furnace 2 and functions as the central axis of the tilting operation of the slag holding furnace 2.
- the support members 42 and 43 are connected to each other around the tilt shaft 44 so as to be rotatable.
- the upper end of the support member 42 is connected to the lower side of the spout portion 21.
- the lower end of the support member 43 is connected to the upper surface of the carriage 45.
- the slag holding furnace 2 is tiltably supported by the cylinder 41, the support members 42 and 43, and the tilt shaft 44.
- the posture of the slag holding furnace 2 is changed into a holding posture (FIG. 3) and an injection posture (FIG. 4). It is possible to change to either one of these.
- the attitude of the slag holding furnace 2 is maintained in the holding attitude, the molten slag 4 is held in the furnace body 20 without being injected from the slag holding furnace 2 into the electric furnace 1 as shown in FIG. .
- the posture of the slag holding furnace 2 is maintained in the pouring posture, the molten slag 4 is injected into the electric furnace 1 from the slag holding furnace 2 as shown in FIG.
- the cylinder 41 When the posture of the slag holding furnace 2 is changed from the holding posture to the pouring posture, the cylinder 41 is extended, the rear part of the furnace body 20 is lifted, and the slag holding furnace 2 is tilted about the tilting shaft 44 toward the electric furnace 1 side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the position of the spout portion 21 is relatively low with respect to the furnace body 20, so that the molten slag 4 held in the furnace body 20 is moved to the spout portion 21 side. Then, it flows from the spout 29 through the slag injection path 28 and is poured into the electric furnace 1. At this time, the amount of molten slag 4 injected can be adjusted by controlling the extension length of the cylinder 41 and adjusting the tilt angle of the slag holding furnace 2.
- the cylinder 41 is contracted to return the height of the furnace body 20 on the cylinder side to the height of the holding posture.
- the position of the spout portion 21 is relatively high with respect to the furnace body 20, and the liquid level of the molten slag 4 in the furnace body 20 is lower than the slag injection path 28.
- the molten slag 4 is held in the furnace body 20 without being injected into the electric furnace 1.
- bogie 45 supports the tilting apparatus 40 so that a movement is possible.
- the cart 45 By using the cart 45 to move the slag holding furnace 2 backward or forward, the slag holding furnace 2 can be easily inspected, replaced, or repaired.
- the tilting device 40 by tilting the slag holding furnace 2 using the tilting device 40, it is possible to inject the molten slag 4 into the electric furnace 1 intermittently or to adjust the injection amount.
- the injected amount of the molten slag 4 using the tilting device 40 is prevented so that the injected molten slag 4 reacts rapidly with the molten iron in the electric furnace 1 and overflow does not occur. It is preferable to inject the molten slag 4 intermittently while appropriately adjusting (that is, adjusting the tilt angle of the slag holding furnace 2).
- the injection speed of the molten slag 4 is too high when the molten slag 4 is injected, slag forming may occur in the electric furnace 1, and as a result, overflow may occur.
- the injection of the molten slag 4 is temporarily stopped, or the injection amount of the molten slag 4 is reduced, so that the inside of the electric furnace 1 It is preferable to suppress the reaction between the molten slag 4 and the molten iron.
- the amount of molten slag 4 injected by the slag holding furnace 2 per unit time is determined according to the reduction capacity of the electric furnace 1.
- the reduction capacity of the electric furnace 1 is consumed by the amount of power supplied to the electric furnace 1 per unit time, for example, when a voltage is applied between the upper electrode 15 and the furnace bottom electrode 16 of the electric furnace 1 and current flows.
- the injection amount of the molten slag 4 per unit time may be determined.
- the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 will be described in detail later as the configuration of the exhaust gas treatment facility.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the exhaust gas treatment facility according to the present embodiment.
- the exhaust gas treatment facility 50 includes an oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 installed in the slag holding furnace 2, an exhaust pipe 55 connected to the gas outlet 25 of the slag holding furnace 2, and an exhaust pipe 55.
- a blower 56 for sucking the exhaust gas in the slag holding furnace 2 and a dust collector 57 provided at the end point of the exhaust pipe 55 passing through the blower 56 are provided.
- the blower 56 is an example of a suction device in the embodiment of the present invention, and suction devices other than the blower 56 may be used in other embodiments.
- the exhaust gas g ⁇ b> 1 containing CO or the like generated by the iron oxide reduction reaction in the electric furnace 1 is introduced into the slag holding furnace 2 through the slag inlet 14 of the electric furnace 1.
- the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 is oxygen supply means for supplying oxygen gas into the slag holding furnace 2.
- the combustion based on the following reaction formula (2) (oxidation reaction) occurs, CO is changed to CO 2.
- the CO gas that is a combustible component in the exhaust gas g1 is completely combusted. be able to.
- the CO 2 gas generated by the complete combustion of the CO gas contained in the exhaust gas g1 is discharged from the gas discharge port 25 into the exhaust pipe 55 as the exhaust gas g2. 2CO + O 2 ⁇ 2CO 2 (2)
- an analyzer 52 is installed in the exhaust pipe 55 close to the gas outlet 25 of the slag holding furnace 2 in order to completely burn the CO gas in the exhaust gas g1.
- This analyzer 52 is connected to a concentration instruction controller 53.
- the analyzer 52 analyzes the component of the exhaust gas g2 in the exhaust pipe 55 to calculate the CO concentration and the O 2 concentration.
- the concentration instruction controller 53 controls the supply amount of oxygen gas to the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 according to the CO concentration and the O 2 concentration measured by the analyzer 52. More specifically, the concentration indication controller 53 is configured so that the CO concentration in the exhaust pipe 55 is approximately 0% and the O 2 concentration is greater than 0% and as close to 0% as possible.
- the amount of oxygen gas supplied to the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 is controlled using a valve 54 or the like.
- the concentration indication controller 53 increases the supply amount of oxygen gas to the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51, thereby causing the CO gas to flow into the slag holding furnace 2. In the exhaust pipe 55 to prevent the CO gas from flowing into the exhaust pipe 55. Further, when the O 2 concentration measured by the analyzer 52 greatly exceeds 0% and exceeds a predetermined allowable range, the concentration indication controller 53 decreases the supply amount of oxygen gas to the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51. This prevents the slag holding furnace 2 from being unnecessarily cooled by the supply of excess oxygen gas. For example, it is preferable to set the allowable range of the O 2 concentration to 5% or less.
- the concentration instruction controller 53 is preceded by The amount of oxygen gas supplied to the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 may be increased to prepare for an increase in CO gas generated in the electric furnace 1.
- Information on the injection amount of the molten slag 4 may be provided to the concentration indication controller 53 from a control means (not shown) that controls the injection amount of the molten slag 4 by controlling the tilt angle of the slag holding furnace 2, for example.
- the operator monitoring the output value of the analyzer 52 and the injection state of the molten slag 4 manually operates the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51, so that the oxygen gas as described above can be obtained. Control of the supply amount may be executed.
- the oxygen gas supplied from the oxygen gas supply nozzle 51 is an example of the oxygen-containing gas in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the oxygen-containing gas may be any gas containing oxygen.
- the oxygen-containing gas may be an oxygen gas containing only oxygen as in the present embodiment, or an oxygen gas and another gas (for example, nitrogen gas). Or a mixed gas.
- the exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1 is discharged into the slag holding furnace 2, and the exhaust gas g2 in the slag holding furnace 2 is sucked by the blower 56 through the exhaust pipe 55.
- the blower 56 sucks a sufficient amount of exhaust gas g3 at the outlet side of the exhaust pipe 55, the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 becomes negative.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is It is desirable to maintain an appropriate range of negative pressure.
- a slit 58 is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 55 as a means for adjusting the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 to an appropriate range of negative pressure under the above-described conditions.
- the slit 58 is an opening formed by cutting out the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe 55 or a part of the whole circumference into a slit shape.
- the exhaust gas g2 in the exhaust pipe 55 is in contact with the outside air. Since the inside of the exhaust pipe 55 is maintained at a negative pressure by the blower 56, outside air (symbol air 1 in FIG. 5) flows into the exhaust pipe 55 through the slit 58. Accordingly, the exhaust gas g3 sucked by the blower 56 in the exhaust pipe 55b downstream of the slit 58 flows into the exhaust gas g2 discharged from the slag holding furnace 2 and flowing through the exhaust pipe 55a upstream of the slit 58 and the slit 58. Outside air air1.
- the slit 58 is formed with a sufficiently small width (opening area) that can maintain the inside of the exhaust pipe 55 at a negative pressure.
- the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing into the exhaust pipe 55 from the slit 58 fluctuates in a complementary manner to the flow rate of the exhaust gas g2 flowing through the exhaust pipe 55a and reaching the slit 58. It has been confirmed by the experiment. For example, if the intake air amount of the exhaust gas g3 by the blower 56 is 100 Nm 3 / h, the flow rate of the exhaust gas g2 is if 80 Nm 3 / h, the flow rate of outside air air1 become 20 Nm 3 / h. Also, the same case, if the flow rate of the exhaust gas g2 is 70 Nm 3 / h, the flow rate of outside air air1 become 30 Nm 3 / h.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be maintained at a substantially constant negative pressure.
- the intake amount of the exhaust gas g2 by the blower 56 is adjusted to be constant by providing an opening such as a slit 58 in the middle of the exhaust pipe 55 and introducing the outside air air1.
- the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing from the slit 58 is automatically adjusted in accordance with the flow rate of the exhaust gas g2, so that it is not necessary to control the opening degree of the slit 58 finely.
- the slit 58 provided over the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe 55 is illustrated as an example of the opening for introducing the outside air air1 into the exhaust pipe 55 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the slit 58 is not limited.
- a hole having an arbitrary shape such as a circle or a rectangle is provided as an opening in a part of the peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 55, for example, 1/3 or 1/4 of the entire circumference. May be.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the exhaust gas treatment facility according to the present embodiment.
- a sleeve 61 is provided along with the slit 58 in the middle of the exhaust pipe 55.
- the sleeve 61 is provided around the exhaust pipe 55, and can cover at least a part of the slit 58 by sliding along the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 55.
- the width of the slit 58 becomes narrower and the area of the opening formed by the slit 58 becomes smaller.
- the sleeve 61 covering the slit 58 slides to open the slit 58, the width of the slit 58 increases and the area of the opening formed by the slit 58 increases.
- the sleeve 61 functions as an opening area changing unit that changes the area of the opening formed by the slit 58.
- the width of the slit 58 is about 300 mm. Can be illustrated. From this state, the sleeve 61 slides to gradually cover the slit 58, whereby the width of the slit 58 is adjusted within a range of 50 mm to 300 mm, for example.
- the minimum width of the slit 58 is set to 50 mm instead of 0 mm.
- the sleeve 61 may completely cover the slit 58 and the width of the slit 58 may be adjustable to 0 mm.
- the sleeve 61 is provided on the exhaust pipe 55b side, but the sleeve 61 may be provided on the exhaust pipe 55a side.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is adjusted in accordance with the variation in the amount of exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1.
- the width of the slit 58 is fixed as in the first embodiment, there is a limit to the fluctuation range of the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 that can be handled.
- the intake air amount of the exhaust gas g3 by the blower 56 is 100 Nm 3 / h
- a flow rate of the exhaust gas g2 flowing through the exhaust pipe 55a as described in the first embodiment is 70Nm 3 / h ⁇ 80Nm 3 / h about
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be automatically maintained substantially constant without changing the width of the slit 58.
- the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 fluctuates more greatly (for example, in the above assumption, the flow rate of the exhaust gas g2 decreases to about 50 Nm 3 / h due to a large decrease in the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1.
- the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing in from the slit 58 does not increase up to 50 Nm 3 / h. Therefore, when the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 greatly fluctuates, the exhaust power of the exhaust gas g1 from the electric furnace 1 becomes excessive due to the suction force of the exhaust gas g3 by the blower 56 being concentrated on the exhaust gas g2, and the electric furnace There is a problem that the internal pressure of 1 drops more than necessary.
- the width of the slit 58 is widened to temporarily increase the amount of outside air air1 (about 50 Nm 3 / h in the above example). To prevent the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 from dropping more than necessary. Thereafter, when restored to the flow rate, for example, 70Nm 3 / h ⁇ 80Nm 3 / h approximately gas g2 is narrow the width of the slit 58 is slid the sleeve 61 again, suppressing the inflow of outside air air1 from the slit 58 To do. As a result, since the exhaust capability of the exhaust gas g1 from the electric furnace 1 is maintained high, it is possible to prevent the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 from increasing.
- a pressure gauge 62 pressure detecting means is installed in the electric furnace 1 in order to realize such adjustment of the width of the slit 58.
- the pressure gauge 62 is connected to the pressure instruction controller 63.
- the pressure gauge 62 measures the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 controls the width of the slit 58 by sliding the sleeve 61 in accordance with the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 measured by the pressure gauge 62. More specifically, when the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is high, the pressure instruction controller 63 controls the driving means (not shown) to slide the sleeve 61 and narrow the width of the slit 58. . As a result, an increase in the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is suppressed.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 controls the driving means to slide the sleeve 61 and widen the width of the slit 58. As a result, a decrease in the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is suppressed.
- a detailed example of sleeve control by the pressure instruction controller 63 will be described later.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 is advanced. Then, the sleeve 61 is slid to reduce the width of the slit 58 to prepare for an increase in the exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1.
- Information on the injection amount of the molten slag 4 is provided to the pressure instruction controller 63 from a control means (not shown) that controls the injection amount of the molten slag 4 by controlling the tilt angle of the slag holding furnace 2, for example.
- the operator who monitors the measured value of the pressure gauge 62 and the injection state of the molten slag 4 may adjust the width of the slit 58 by manually operating the sleeve 61. Good.
- an outside air inlet 64 may be provided in the exhaust pipe 55 b between the slit 58 and the blower 56. Since the inside of the exhaust pipe 55b is maintained at a negative pressure by the suction force of the blower 56, the outside air (air2) also flows into the exhaust pipe 55b from the outside air introduction port 64. The outside air air2 is mixed with the exhaust gas g3 flowing through the exhaust pipe 55b, whereby the exhaust gas g3 is cooled. By such an action of the outside air inlet 64, the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 reaching the dust collector 57 via the blower 56 can be lowered to an appropriate range.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 flowing in the exhaust pipe 55b varies depending on the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 in the electric furnace 1, the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing from the slit 58, and the like.
- the amount of outside air air2 required to cool the exhaust gas g3 to an appropriate temperature also varies due to the amount of exhaust gas g1 generated, the flow rate of the outside air air1, and the like.
- a damper 65 for adjusting the flow rate of the outside air air2 is provided at the outside air introduction port 64.
- a thermometer 66 temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 in the exhaust pipe 55b is provided at the outlet of the exhaust pipe 55b on the blower 56 side.
- the opening degree of the damper 65 is controlled by a temperature indication controller 67 connected to the thermometer 66.
- the damper 65 and the temperature instruction controller 67 function as an outside air flow control means for controlling the flow rate of the outside air air2 introduced from the outside air introduction port 64 in accordance with the temperature of the exhaust gas g3.
- the temperature instruction controller 67 controls the damper 65 so that the opening degree of the damper 65 increases when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 in the exhaust pipe 55b is high. As a result, since the flow rate of the outside air air2 increases, cooling of the exhaust gas g3 is promoted. Further, the temperature instruction controller 67 controls the damper 65 so that the opening degree of the damper 65 becomes small when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is low. As a result, the flow rate of the outside air air2 is reduced, so that the cooling of the exhaust gas g3 is suppressed. Or you may stop the inflow of the external air air2 to the exhaust pipe 55b by closing the damper 65 completely.
- the temperature instruction controller 67 may prepare for an increase in the exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1 by increasing the opening degree of the damper 65 in advance.
- Information on the injection amount of the molten slag 4 is provided to the temperature indication controller 67 from a control means (not shown) that controls the injection amount of the molten slag 4 by controlling the tilt angle of the slag holding furnace 2, for example.
- the operator who monitors the measured value of the thermometer 66 and the injection state of the molten slag 4 manually operates the damper 65, thereby adjusting the opening degree of the damper 65. May be.
- a damper 68 for adjusting the suction flow rate by the blower 56 is provided at the front stage (upstream side) of the blower 56.
- the opening degree of the damper 68 is controlled by a temperature instruction controller 69 connected to the thermometer 66. More specifically, the temperature instruction controller 69 controls the damper 68 so that the opening degree of the damper 68 increases when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 in the exhaust pipe 55b rises. As a result, the suction flow rate by the blower 56 increases. Further, the temperature instruction controller 69 controls the damper 68 so that the opening degree of the damper 68 becomes small when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is lowered. As a result, the suction flow rate by the blower 56 decreases. 6 illustrates the case where the temperature instruction controller 67 and the temperature instruction controller 69 are individually installed, but may be integrated as one controller.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a control method of the pressure instruction controller 63 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the pressure instruction controller 63 adjusts the width of the slit 58 by sliding the sleeve 61 according to the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 measured by the pressure gauge 62.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 determines whether or not the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 exceeds a predetermined upper limit value (step S101).
- the pressure instruction controller 63 slides the sleeve 61 to narrow the width of the slit 58 (step S103).
- the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing from the slit 58 decreases.
- the exhaust capacity of the exhaust gas g1 is enhanced, the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be adjusted so that the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 does not exceed the upper limit value.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 determines whether or not the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is below a predetermined lower limit value (step S105).
- the pressure instruction controller 63 slides the sleeve 61 to widen the slit 58 (step S107).
- the flow rate of the outside air air1 flowing from the slit 58 increases.
- the exhaust capacity of the exhaust gas g1 is suppressed, the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be adjusted so that the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 does not fall below the lower limit value.
- step S105 When the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is not lower than the lower limit value in step S105, that is, when the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is maintained in an appropriate range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value, the pressure indication controller 63 is 61 is fixed and the width of the slit 58 is maintained.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of a control method of the temperature instruction controller 67 in the second embodiment of the present invention. As described above, the temperature instruction controller 67 adjusts the opening degree of the damper 65 provided in the outside air introduction port 64 according to the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 in the exhaust pipe 55b measured by the thermometer 66.
- the temperature instruction controller 67 determines whether or not the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 exceeds a predetermined upper limit value (step S201).
- the temperature instruction controller 67 opens the damper 65 (step S203).
- the flow rate of the outside air air2 flowing from the outside air introduction port 64 increases.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 can be adjusted so that the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 does not exceed the upper limit value.
- the opening degree of the damper 68 provided in the front stage of the blower 56 is controlled by the temperature control unit 69. growing. That is, when it is determined in step S201 that the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 exceeds the upper limit value, the opening degree of the damper 68 increases.
- the exhaust gas g3 is cooled by opening the damper 65 in step S203. That is, when it is detected by the thermometer 66 that the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is rising, the opening degree of the damper 65 is also increased by the control of the damper 65 by the temperature instruction controller 67. Note that the operator may manually operate the damper 65 so that the opening degree of the damper 65 becomes an appropriate value based on the temperature measurement result of the exhaust gas g3 obtained from the thermometer 66.
- the temperature instruction controller 67 determines whether or not the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is lower than a predetermined lower limit value (step S205).
- the temperature instruction controller 67 closes the damper 65 (step S207).
- the flow rate of the outside air air2 flowing from the outside air inlet 64 decreases.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 can be adjusted so that the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 does not fall below the lower limit value.
- step S205 when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is not lower than the lower limit value, that is, when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 is maintained in an appropriate range between the upper limit value and the lower limit value, the temperature indication controller 67 Maintain the opening.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be reduced even when the amount of generated exhaust gas g1 varies greatly. It becomes possible to adjust to an appropriate value.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is automatically adjusted with the width of the slit 58 fixed as in the first embodiment. It is possible. Therefore, the width of the slit 58 may be changed by sliding the sleeve 61 only when the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 fluctuates greatly and the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 actually starts to increase.
- the control of the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is much easier than when adjusting the intake amount of exhaust gas using a damper or the like. Further, even if the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 and the flow rate of the outside air air1 from the slit 58 fluctuate further, the exhaust gas cooled to an appropriate temperature by changing the opening degree of the damper 65 provided in the outside air introduction port 64 g3 can be exhausted from the blower 56 to the dust collector 57.
- the sleeve 61 for adjusting the width of the slit 58 provided over the entire circumference of the exhaust pipe 55 is exemplified as the opening area changing means.
- the opening area changing means is exemplified by the sleeve 61.
- a part of the peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe 55 for example, at least a part of a hole (opening) having an arbitrary shape provided in a range of 1/3 or 1/4 of the entire circumference is covered.
- a sliding lid may be provided. For example, by sliding the lid in the circumferential direction of the exhaust pipe 55 or in the axial direction of the exhaust pipe 55, the ratio of covering the hole can be adjusted.
- the concentration instruction controller 53, the pressure instruction controller 63, the temperature instruction controller 67, and the temperature instruction controller 69 are illustrated separately, but these controllers use, for example, a computer. May be integrated as a single controller.
- the slit 58 and the sleeve 61 are arranged at a position close to the slag holding furnace 2 in the exhaust pipe 55 as much as possible. Thereby, the control responsiveness of the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be improved.
- the exhaust gas g1 introduced from the slag holding furnace 2 to the exhaust pipe 55 remains at a high temperature from the slit 58 to the exhaust pipe 55. It is mixed with the introduced outside air air1. As a result, the unburned gas contained in the exhaust gas g1 can be burned inside the exhaust pipe 55.
- a plurality of slits 58 may be provided along the exhaust pipe 55. In this case, the total opening area of the plurality of slits 58 may be controlled by expanding the movable range of the sleeve 61 and controlling the position of the sleeve 61. Alternatively, a sleeve 61 may be provided for each of the plurality of slits 58, and the total opening area of the plurality of slits 58 may be controlled by controlling the position of each sleeve 61.
- a closed DC electric furnace was used as the electric furnace 1.
- molten slag 4 molten molten slag discharged from the converter was used.
- the molten slag 4 was put into the slag holding furnace 2 in a molten state having fluidity.
- a molten iron layer 6 formed of about 130 tons of pig iron and a molten slag 4 (that is, reduced slag) reduced on the molten iron layer 6 having a thickness of about 200 mm.
- the molten slag 4 was intermittently injected from the slag holding furnace 2 into the molten slag layer 5 in the electric furnace 1.
- the step of injecting 8.2 to 8.5 tons of molten slag 4 into the electric furnace 1 by changing the posture of the slag holding furnace 2 from the holding posture to the pouring posture (slag pouring step) ). And after returning the attitude
- the molten slag 4 was reduced in the electric furnace 1 by repeatedly performing the slag injection step and the interval step. As a result, it was possible to continuously and stably reduce the molten slag 4 in the electric furnace 1 without causing rapid slag forming during slag injection.
- FIG. 9A is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of exhaust gas generated (the amount of exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1) and the elapsed time in the slag injection step of this example.
- FIG. 9B is a graph showing the relationship between the slit width (the width of the slit 58) and the elapsed time in the slag injection step of this example.
- FIG. 9C is a graph showing the relationship between the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 and the elapsed time in the slag injection step of this example.
- the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 in the electric furnace 1 continued to increase from the start of processing to time t1.
- the pressure instruction controller 63 slides the sleeve 61, and as shown in FIG. 9B.
- the width (opening) of the slit 58 was reduced from 40% to 30%.
- the inflow of the outside air air1 through the slit 58 is suppressed, so that the exhaust capability of the exhaust gas g1 by the blower 56 is enhanced.
- FIG. 9A the generation amount of the exhaust gas g1 in the electric furnace 1 continued to increase from the start of processing to time t1.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 decreased from the upper limit value, and then maintained at a substantially constant value ( ⁇ 20 Pa).
- a substantially constant value ⁇ 20 Pa.
- FIG. 10A is a graph showing the relationship between the exhaust gas temperature (the temperature of the exhaust gas g3) and the elapsed time in the slag injection step of this example.
- FIG. 10B is a graph showing the relationship between the damper opening (the opening of the damper 65) and the elapsed time in the slag injection step of this embodiment.
- the width (opening) of the slit 58 was narrowed from 40% to 30% at time t1.
- the ratio of the outside air air1 contained in the exhaust gas g3 flowing through the exhaust pipe 55b is decreased, as shown in FIG. ). Therefore, as shown in FIG.
- the temperature instruction controller 67 changes the opening degree of the damper 65 from 50% to 70% at time t3.
- the exhaust gas g3 is cooled by more outside air air2 due to an increase in the flow rate of the outside air air2 flowing from the outside air introduction port 64.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 decreased from the upper limit value, and was maintained within an appropriate range of less than 90 ° C. while slightly fluctuating.
- the width of the slit 58 was increased again from 30% to 40% at time t2.
- the ratio of outside air air1 contained in the exhaust gas g3 increased. That is, the exhaust gas g3 is cooled to some extent by the outside air air1 flowing from the slit 58, and then further cooled by the outside air air2 flowing from the outside air inlet 64. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10A, the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 has greatly decreased since time t2, and has reached a predetermined lower limit (70 ° C.) at time t4. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10B, the temperature instruction controller 67 returns the opening degree of the damper 65 from 70% to 50% at the time t4.
- the exhaust gas g3 is not excessively cooled due to a decrease in the flow rate of the outside air air2.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 rose from the lower limit value and was again maintained in the appropriate range between 70 ° C. and 90 ° C.
- FIG. 11A is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of exhaust gas generated (the amount of exhaust gas g1 generated in the electric furnace 1) and the elapsed time in the interval step of this example.
- FIG. 11B is a graph showing the relationship between the slit width (the width of the slit 58) and the elapsed time in the spacing step of this example.
- FIG. 11C is a graph showing the relationship between the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 and the elapsed time in the interval step of this example. In the interval step in which the slag injection is stopped after the slag injection step, the reduction reaction in the electric furnace 1 is stabilized.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 is made substantially constant by changing the width of the slit 58 according to the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1. It was demonstrated that it can be adjusted. Further, even when the temperature of the exhaust gas g3 in the exhaust pipe 55b fluctuates due to a change in the width of the slit 58, the temperature is substantially constant by changing the opening of the damper 65 according to the temperature of the exhaust gas g3. It was proved that it can be adjusted.
- the internal pressure of the electric furnace 1 can be adjusted to be substantially constant with the width of the slit 58 fixed. It was done.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2013年07月24日に、日本に出願された特願2013-153536号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(a)流動性を有する高温の溶融スラグを、電気炉に直接投入するのではなく、電気炉に隣接配置されたスラグ保持炉に一旦保持する。そして、上記オーバーフローが発生しないように溶融スラグの注入量を調整しながら、スラグ保持炉から電気炉内に溶融スラグを徐々に注入する。
(b)電気炉内の溶鉄層上に溶融スラグ層(好ましくは、不活性な還元スラグ層)を緩衝帯として予め形成しておき、その溶融スラグ層にスラグ保持炉から溶融スラグを注入する。
(1)本発明の一態様に係る排ガス処理方法は、製鋼工程で生成された溶融スラグをスラグ保持炉に投入し、前記スラグ保持炉から、溶鉄層と前記溶鉄層上に形成された溶融スラグ層とを収容する電気炉内に、前記溶融スラグを注入し、前記電気炉にて前記溶融スラグを連続的に還元して、前記溶融スラグ中の有価物を前記溶鉄層中に回収するスラグ処理プロセスにおける排ガス処理方法であって、前記電気炉で発生した排ガスを前記スラグ保持炉内に導気するとともに、前記スラグ保持炉内に酸素含有ガスを供給することによって前記排ガス中の可燃性成分を燃焼させ、前記燃焼後の排ガスを前記スラグ保持炉から排気管を経由して吸引装置まで導気し、前記排気管の途中に設けられた開口部から前記排気管内に外気を導入することによって前記電気炉の内圧を調節し、前記開口部に設けられる開口面積変更手段を用いて、前記電気炉の内圧の変動に応じて前記開口部の面積を変更する。
[1.1.スラグ処理プロセスの概要]
まず、図1を参照して、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るスラグ処理プロセスの概要を説明する。図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るスラグ処理プロセスを示す工程図である。
続いて、図2を参照して、上記スラグ処理プロセスを実現するためのスラグ処理設備について説明する。図2は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るスラグ処理設備の全体構成を示す模式図である。
FeO+C→Fe+CO↑ …(1)
つまり、投入された炭材のCは、溶鉄層6に移行せず溶融スラグ層5に懸濁するので、溶鉄層6と溶融スラグ層5の界面で、上記反応式(1)に基づく還元反応は起きにくい。このため、溶融スラグ層5の内部で、上記反応式(1)に基づく還元反応が優先的に進行し、この還元反応によって生成された還元鉄(Fe)は溶鉄層6に移行する。
なお、溶融スラグ層5の層厚は、緩衝帯としての機能を発現させるという観点から、100mm~600mmが好ましく、100mm~800mmがより好ましい。このため、溶融スラグ4を注入して溶融スラグ層5の層厚が所定の層厚に達した場合には、出滓口17を開放して、溶融スラグ層5の還元スラグを電気炉1の外部に排出する。また、溶鉄層6の界面が出滓口17に近づいた場合には、出湯口18を開放して、溶鉄層6の溶鉄(例えば高P溶銑)を排出する。このように、電気炉1の出滓口17から還元スラグが、間欠的に排出及び回収される。また、電気炉1の出湯口18から溶鉄が、間欠的に排出及び回収される。これにより、電気炉1内では、溶融スラグ4の還元処理を、中断することなく継続することができる。
次に、図3および図4を参照して、本実施形態に係るスラグ保持炉2の構成について詳述する。図3は、本実施形態に係るスラグ保持炉2(保持姿勢)を示す縦断面図である。図4は、本実施形態に係るスラグ保持炉2(注入姿勢)を示す縦断面図である。
続いて、図5を参照して、上記スラグ処理設備に付帯する排ガス処理設備について説明する。図5は、本実施形態に係る排ガス処理設備の構成を示す模式図である。
2CO+O2→2CO2 …(2)
本実施形態では、上記のような条件下で電気炉1の内圧を適切な範囲の負圧に調節するための手段として、排気管55の途中にスリット58が設けられる。
次に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係る排ガス処理設備について説明する。なお、本実施形態の構成は、以下で説明する点を除いては上述した第1の実施形態と実質的に同一であるため、第1の実施形態と同一の構成要素については詳細な説明を省略する。
まず、図6を参照して、本実施形態に係る排ガス処理設備について説明する。図6は、本実施形態に係る排ガス処理設備の構成を示す模式図である。
(電気炉の内圧の制御)
図7は、本発明の第2の実施形態における圧力指示制御器63の制御方法の例を示すフローチャートである。上述のように、圧力指示制御器63は、圧力計62によって測定された電気炉1の内圧に応じてスリーブ61を摺動させ、スリット58の幅を調節する。
図8は、本発明の第2の実施形態における温度指示制御器67の制御方法の例を示すフローチャートである。上述のように、温度指示制御器67は、温度計66によって測定された排気管55b内の排ガスg3の温度に応じて外気導入口64に設けられたダンパ65の開度を調節する。
また、スリット58及びスリーブ61は、可能な限り、排気管55におけるスラグ保持炉2に近い位置に配置されていることが好ましい。これにより、電気炉1の内圧の制御応答性を向上させることができる。さらに、スリット58が排気管55におけるスラグ保持炉2に近い位置に配置されていれば、スラグ保持炉2から排気管55に導入される排ガスg1が、高温のまま、スリット58から排気管55に導入される外気air1と混合される。その結果、排ガスg1に含まれる未燃焼ガスを、排気管55の内部で燃焼させることができる。
また、複数のスリット58を排気管55に沿って設けてもよい。この場合、スリーブ61の可動範囲を広げて、スリーブ61の位置制御によって、複数のスリット58の総開口面積を制御してもよい。または、複数のスリット58のそれぞれに対してスリーブ61を設けて、各スリーブ61の位置制御によって、複数のスリット58の総開口面積を制御してもよい。
図9Aは、本実施例のスラグ注入工程における排ガス発生量(電気炉1における排ガスg1の発生量)と、経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。図9Bは、本実施例のスラグ注入工程におけるスリット幅(スリット58の幅)と経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。図9Cは、本実施例のスラグ注入工程における電気炉1の内圧と経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。スラグ注入工程の初期段階では、還元反応が急速に進行するため、図9Aに示すように、電気炉1における排ガスg1の発生量が処理の開始時点から時刻t1まで増加し続けた。この結果、図9Cに示すように、時刻t1の時点で電気炉1の内圧が所定の上限値(-10Pa)に達したため、圧力指示制御器63がスリーブ61を摺動させ、図9Bに示すようにスリット58の幅(開度)を40%から30%へと狭めた。これによってスリット58における外気air1の流入が抑制されるので、ブロワ56による排ガスg1の排気能力が増強される。その結果、図9Cに示すように、時刻t1以降、電気炉1の内圧は上限値から低下した後、ほぼ一定の値(-20Pa)に保たれた。このように、電気炉1の内圧が上限値に達するほどに排ガスg1の発生量が増加した場合、スリット58の幅を40%から30%に変化させることにより、電気炉1の内圧を自動的にほぼ一定の値に調節することができた。
図11Aは、本実施例の間隔工程における排ガス発生量(電気炉1における排ガスg1の発生量)と、経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。図11Bは、本実施例の間隔工程におけるスリット幅(スリット58の幅)と経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。図11Cは、本実施例の間隔工程における電気炉1の内圧と経過時間との関係を示すグラフである。上記のスラグ注入工程の後、スラグ注入が休止される間隔工程では、電気炉1内での還元反応が安定化した。ただし、この間隔工程でも還元反応が完全に均一化されるわけではないため、図11Aに示すように、電気炉1における排ガスg1の発生量には若干の変動が発生した。これに対して、図11Bに示すように、スリット58の幅(開度)は40%に固定されていた。それでも、図11Cに示すように、圧力計62によって測定される電気炉1の内圧は、-20Paでほぼ一定であった。なお、この間隔工程では、ダンパ65の開度は50%に維持されており、排ガスg3の温度も大きく変化することはなかったため、排ガスg3の温度とダンパ65の開度との関係の図示は省略する。
2 スラグ保持炉
3 スラグ鍋
4 溶融スラグ
5 溶融スラグ層
6 溶鉄層
14 スラグ注入口
15 上部電極
16 炉底電極
17 出滓口
18 出湯口
50,60 排ガス処理設備
51 酸素ガス供給ノズル
52 分析計
53 濃度指示制御器
55 排気管
56 ブロワ
57 集塵機
58 スリット
61 スリーブ
62 圧力計
63 圧力指示制御器
64 外気導入口
65 ダンパ
66 温度計
67 温度指示制御器
g1~g3 排ガス
Claims (7)
- 製鋼工程で生成された溶融スラグをスラグ保持炉に投入し、前記スラグ保持炉から、溶鉄層と前記溶鉄層上に形成された溶融スラグ層とを収容する電気炉内に、前記溶融スラグを注入し、前記電気炉にて前記溶融スラグを連続的に還元して、前記溶融スラグ中の有価物を前記溶鉄層中に回収するスラグ処理プロセスにおける排ガス処理方法であって、
前記電気炉で発生した排ガスを前記スラグ保持炉内に導気するとともに、前記スラグ保持炉内に酸素含有ガスを供給することによって前記排ガス中の可燃性成分を燃焼させ;
前記燃焼後の排ガスを前記スラグ保持炉から排気管を経由して吸引装置まで導気し;
前記排気管の途中に設けられた開口部から前記排気管内に外気を導入することによって前記電気炉の内圧を調節し;
前記開口部に設けられる開口面積変更手段を用いて、前記電気炉の内圧の変動に応じて前記開口部の面積を変更する;
ことを特徴とする、排ガス処理方法。 - さらに、前記開口部と前記吸引装置との間に設けられた外気導入口から前記排気管内に外気を導入することによって前記排気管内の排ガスを冷却することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の排ガス処理方法。
- 前記開口部と前記吸引装置との間における前記排気管内の排ガスの温度の変動に応じて前記外気導入口から導入される外気の流量を変更することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の排ガス処理方法。
- 製鋼工程で生成された溶融スラグをスラグ保持炉に投入し、前記スラグ保持炉から、溶鉄層と前記溶鉄層上に形成された溶融スラグ層とを収容する電気炉内に、前記溶融スラグを注入し、前記電気炉にて前記溶融スラグを連続的に還元して、前記溶融スラグ中の有価物を前記溶鉄層中に回収するスラグ処理プロセスに用いられる排ガス処理設備であって、
前記スラグ保持炉内に酸素含有ガスを供給する酸素供給手段と;
前記スラグ保持炉に接続された排気管と;
前記排気管を通じて前記スラグ保持炉内の排ガスを吸引する吸引装置と;
前記排気管の途中に設けられた開口部と;
前記電気炉の内圧を検出する圧力検出手段と;
前記電気炉の内圧の変動に応じて前記開口部の面積を変更する開口面積変更手段と;
を備え、
前記電気炉で発生した排ガスを前記スラグ保持炉内に導気するとともに、前記スラグ保持炉内で前記酸素含有ガスを用いて前記排ガス中の可燃性成分を燃焼させ、該燃焼後の排ガスを前記排気管を経由して排気するとともに、前記開口部から前記排気管内に外気を導入することによって前記電気炉の内圧を調節することを特徴とする、排ガス処理設備。 - 前記開口面積変更手段は、前記排気管に周設され前記排気管の軸方向に沿って摺動することによって前記開口部の少なくとも一部を覆うことが可能なスリーブを含むことを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の排ガス処理設備。
- 前記開口部と前記吸引装置との間の前記排気管に設けられる外気導入口をさらに備えることを特徴とする、請求項4または5に記載の排ガス処理設備。
- 前記開口部と前記吸引装置との間における前記排気管内の排ガスの温度を検出する温度検出手段と;
前記検出された温度に応じて前記外気導入口から導入される外気の流量を制御する外気流量制御手段と;
をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の排ガス処理設備。
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WO2021220802A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-11-04 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 冷鉄源の溶解・精錬炉、及び溶解・精錬炉の操業方法 |
JP7364899B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2023-10-19 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | スラグ還元を伴った冷鉄源の溶解方法 |
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US10612104B2 (en) | 2013-07-24 | 2020-04-07 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Exhaust gas treatment method and exhaust gas treatment facility |
JP6427829B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-11-28 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 冷鉄源の溶解・精錬炉、及び溶解・精錬炉の操業方法 |
KR101974570B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-05-02 | 주식회사 포스코 | 원료 생산 설비 및 원료 생산 방법 |
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SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF METALLURGY, vol. 32, 2003, pages 7 - 14 |
Cited By (3)
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JP2016150858A (ja) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-22 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | スラグ処理方法およびスラグ処理装置 |
JP7364899B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2023-10-19 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | スラグ還元を伴った冷鉄源の溶解方法 |
WO2021220802A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-27 | 2021-11-04 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 冷鉄源の溶解・精錬炉、及び溶解・精錬炉の操業方法 |
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KR20160021877A (ko) | 2016-02-26 |
CN105392905A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
US20160160303A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
JPWO2015012354A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
CA2918932A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
US10612104B2 (en) | 2020-04-07 |
CN105392905B (zh) | 2017-06-20 |
TR201909388T4 (tr) | 2019-07-22 |
CA2918932C (en) | 2018-03-27 |
EP3026126A1 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
EP3026126B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
EP3026126A4 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
JP6070844B2 (ja) | 2017-02-01 |
KR101728286B1 (ko) | 2017-04-18 |
EP3026126B8 (en) | 2019-07-31 |
BR112016001146B1 (pt) | 2020-03-03 |
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