WO2015008537A1 - オキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
オキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015008537A1 WO2015008537A1 PCT/JP2014/063735 JP2014063735W WO2015008537A1 WO 2015008537 A1 WO2015008537 A1 WO 2015008537A1 JP 2014063735 W JP2014063735 W JP 2014063735W WO 2015008537 A1 WO2015008537 A1 WO 2015008537A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2615—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen the other compounds containing carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
- C08G2/04—Polymerisation by using compounds which act upon the molecular weight, e.g. chain-transferring agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
- C08G2/06—Catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
- C08G2/10—Polymerisation of cyclic oligomers of formaldehyde
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2/00—Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances
- C08G2/18—Copolymerisation of aldehydes or ketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G4/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with polyalcohols; Addition polymers of heterocyclic oxygen compounds containing in the ring at least once the grouping —O—C—O—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a stable oxymethylene copolymer.
- Oxymethylene copolymers have excellent properties in mechanical properties, thermal properties, electrical properties, slidability, moldability, etc., and are used as electrical materials, automotive parts and precision components as structural materials and mechanical parts. Widely used for machine parts. In recent years, the range of use has further expanded, and the demand for cost reduction has increased along with higher performance requirements for the resin. An important issue among the required qualities is that the oxymethylene copolymer is thermally decomposed in the molding machine at the time of molding and formaldehyde is generated, which causes molding defects such as defective appearance and abnormal dimensions. In addition, the occurrence of formaldehyde from the final product has caused adverse effects on the human body, such as causing sick house syndrome.
- a method of polymerizing a monomer with reduced impurities and quenching immediately after the polymerization to deactivate the catalyst to suppress side reactions a method of directly stabilizing the end by adding water or the like to the extruder, Stabilize the terminal by polymerizing the monomer to which the hindered phenol is added, controlling the oxymethylene copolymer after polymerization to the optimum particle size, deactivating the catalyst, adding water and devolatilizing under reduced pressure under melting
- a method for performing the conversion is disclosed.
- a production method for producing an oxymethylene copolymer having a high polymerization yield and particularly a polymerization yield of 95% or more is advantageous in terms of productivity and economy.
- a large number of thermally unstable structures are produced during polymerization. Therefore, the thermal stability is poor and the amount of formaldehyde generated in the molding machine is large.
- a sterically hindered phenol having a molecular weight of 350 or more is added to the monomer in an amount of 0.001 to 2 in the monomer prior to the polymerization.
- a technique for carrying out copolymerization by adding 0.0% by mass is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- Patent Document 2 discloses that when trioxane and 1,3-dioxolane are copolymerized using a boron trifluoride ether coordination compound as a catalyst, the copolymerization is carried out in the presence of a sterically hindered phenol to perform alkali decomposition. The technique which improved the rate and the weight reduction rate by heating is disclosed.
- 1,3-dioxolane is 8 per 100 moles of trioxane. It is known that an oxymethylene copolymer obtained by copolymerization for 5 to 18 moles for 3 to 60 minutes is stabilized by a specific stabilization method (see, for example, Patent Document 5). However, there is no reference to the amount of formaldehyde generated, and it is not yet satisfactory in terms of the balance between mechanical properties and thermal stability.
- JP-A-8-325341 Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-63965 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-242652 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-269165 International Publication No. 2002/77049 Pamphlet
- the present invention provides a high yield of an oxymethylene copolymer having improved thermal stability and formaldehyde generation while maintaining excellent MD resistance (mold deposit resistance) and folding resistance. It aims to provide a method.
- the present inventors have copolymerized a monomer raw material containing trioxane and 1,3-dioxolane using boron trifluoride as a catalyst to obtain an oxymethylene copolymer.
- trioxane and a specific amount of 1,3-dioxolane are copolymerized in the presence of a specific amount of sterically hindered phenols to obtain an oxymethylene copolymer, and the polymerization yield is 92%.
- the said objective can be achieved by making the produced
- the present invention provides the following production method: A monomer raw material containing trioxane and 7.0 to 22% by mass of 1,3-dioxolane based on trioxane was mixed with 0.03 to 0.10 mmol of boron trifluoride per mole of trioxane and 0 to trioxane. A step of carrying out a copolymerization reaction in the presence of 0.006 to 2.0% by mass of a sterically hindered phenol; and, when the polymerization yield of the polymerization reaction is 92% or more, a polymerization terminator is added to the reaction system A method for producing an oxymethylene copolymer, comprising a step of stopping the polymerization.
- an oxymethylene copolymer having a high thermal stability and a small amount of formaldehyde generated can be obtained in a high yield while maintaining excellent MD resistance and folding resistance. Therefore, the industrial significance is extremely large.
- the method for producing an oxymethylene copolymer of the present invention comprises a monomer raw material containing trioxane and a specific amount of 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of a specific amount of boron trifluoride and a specific amount of sterically hindered phenol.
- the polymerization is terminated by bringing the copolymer formed at a time when the polymerization yield is 92% or more into contact with the polymerization terminator.
- the trioxane (1,3,5-trioxane) used as a monomer in the present invention is a cyclic trimer of formaldehyde, which is commercially available or can be prepared by a production method known to those skilled in the art. Is not particularly limited.
- amines are usually contained in an amount of 0.00001 to 0.003 mmol, preferably 0.00001 to 0.0005 mmol, more preferably 0.00001 to 0.0003 mmol, per mol of trioxane. If the amine content is higher than this, it may cause adverse effects such as deactivation of the catalyst, and if it is less, it may cause generation of paraformaldehyde during storage of trioxane.
- amines to be contained in trioxane primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, amine compounds having an alcoholic hydroxyl group in the molecule, alkylated melamines, and hindered amine compounds are used alone or as a mixture.
- Primary amines are n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, etc.
- Secondary amines are diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine, di-n-butylamine, piperidine, piperazine, 2-methylpiperazine , Morpholine, N-methylformoline, N-ethylformoline, etc.
- tertiary amines include triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, triisopropylamine, tri-n-butylamine, etc.
- amine-based compounds include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N-ethylethanolamine, N, N-diethylethanolamine, N- ( ⁇ -Ami Ethyl) isopropanolamine, hydroxyethyl piperazine and the mono as the alkylated melamine methoxymethyl substituents melamine, di-, tri-, tetra, penta or hexa methoxymethyl melamine, or mixtures thereof and the like are preferably used.
- hindered amine compounds include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 1,2,3, 4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) ester, poly [[6- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylenebutyl) amino-1,3,5 -Triazine-2,4-diyl] [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) imino] hexamethylene [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) imino]] 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, dimethyl succinate 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate And N, N′-bis (3-aminopropyl)
- the 1,3-dioxolane used as a comonomer in the present invention is commercially available or can be prepared by a production method known to those skilled in the art.
- the manufacturing method is not particularly limited.
- the amount of 1,3-dioxolane added is 7.0 to 22% by mass, preferably 7.4 to 18.1% by mass, more preferably 8.2 to 13.2%, based on trioxane. % By mass.
- the amount of 1,3-dioxolane used is larger than this, the polymerization rate becomes extremely slow and thermal stability is lowered, and when it is less, folding resistance is lowered.
- the boron trifluoride used in the present invention preferably uses a coordination compound thereof, which is commercially available or can be prepared by a production method known to those skilled in the art.
- a coordination compound of boron trifluoride a coordination compound with an organic compound having an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom can be given.
- the organic compound include alcohol, phenol, acid, ether, acid anhydride, ester, ketone, aldehyde, dialkyl, and sulfide.
- the coordination compound of boron trifluoride is preferably an etherate, and preferred specific examples include diethyl etherate and dibutyl etherate of boron trifluoride.
- the amount added is 0.03 to 0.10 mmol, preferably 0.03 to 0.08 mmol, more preferably 0.04 to 0.07 mmol, per mol of trioxane.
- the amount of boron trifluoride added is larger than this, the thermal stability is lowered and the polymerization rate is remarkably lowered, which is not suitable for industrial production.
- Boron trifluoride is used as is or in the form of a solution.
- examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride and ethylene dichloride.
- the sterically hindered phenol used at the time of polymerization is preferably the following sterically hindered phenol.
- sterically hindered phenol for example, dibutylhydroxytoluene, triethylene glycol-bis-3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, hexamethylene bis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,2′-methylene bis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) 3,9-bis ⁇ 2- [3- (3-t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyloxy] -1,1-dimethylethyl ⁇ -2,4,8,10-tetraoxa Spiro [5.5] undecane, N, N′-hexane
- the addition amount of the sterically hindered phenol is usually 0.006 to 2.0% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 0% with respect to trioxane. .1% by mass. If the amount of sterically hindered phenol used is larger than this, it will cause adverse effects such as lowering the molecular weight of the produced oxymethylene copolymer and lowering the polymerization yield, and if less, formic acid in the produced oxymethylene copolymer. Unstable moieties such as ester structures increase, causing adverse effects such as reduced heat or hydrolysis stability.
- a chain transfer agent can be used to control the intrinsic viscosity by adjusting the molecular weight of the oxymethylene copolymer.
- the intrinsic viscosity is adjusted to 0.5 to 5 dl / g, preferably 0.7 to 3 dl / g, and more preferably 0.8 to 2 dl / g.
- the chain transfer agent include carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride, ester, amide, imide, phenol, acetal compound and the like. In particular, phenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, methylal, and polyoxymethylene dimethoxide are preferably used. Most preferred is methylal.
- the chain transfer agent is used as is or in the form of a solution.
- examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride and ethylene dichloride.
- primary amine include n-propylamine, isopropylamine, n-butylamine, etc.
- Secondary amines include diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, diisopropylamine, di-n-butylamine, piperidine, morpholine, etc.
- Examples of amines include triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, triisopropylamine, and tri-n-butylamine.
- Examples of alkylated melamine include mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, or hexamethoxy, which are methoxymethyl substitutes of melamine. Methylmelamine or a mixture thereof is preferably used.
- hindered amine compounds include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 1,2,3, 4-Butanetetracarboxylic acid tetrakis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) ester, poly [[6- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylenebutyl) amino-1,3,5 -Triazine-2,4-diyl] [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) imino] hexamethylene [(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) imino]] 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidine, dimethyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate And N, N′-bis (3-aminopropyl) ethylene
- hindered amine compounds trivalent organic phosphorus compounds, and alkylated melamines are preferred in terms of hue.
- hindered amine compounds include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, dimethyl succinate 1- ( 2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine polycondensate, N, N′-bis (3-aminopropyl) ethylenediamine ⁇ 2,4-bis [N-butyl-N -(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) amino] -1,3,5-triazine condensate is a trivalent organophosphorus compound, triphenylphosphine as alkylated melamine Hexamethoxymethylmelamine is most preferably used.
- the solvent used is not particularly limited, but other than water and alcohols, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, xylene, Various aliphatic and aromatic organic solvents such as methylene dichloride and ethylene dichloride can be used. Among these, preferred are water, alcohols, and aliphatic and aromatic organic solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, benzene, toluene, and xylene.
- the polymerization time is usually 0.25 to 120 minutes, preferably 1 to 60 minutes, more preferably 1 to 30 minutes, and most preferably 2 to 15 minutes. If the polymerization time is longer than this, unstable parts increase, and if it is shorter, the polymerization yield may decrease.
- Impurities such as water, formic acid, methanol, and formaldehyde contained in trioxane are inevitably generated when trioxane is produced industrially, but the total amount is preferably 100 ppm or less in trioxane. Preferably it is 70 ppm or less, Most preferably, it is 50 ppm or less. In particular, water is preferably 50 ppm or less, more preferably 20 ppm or less, and most preferably 10 ppm or less.
- impurities such as water, formic acid and formaldehyde present in 1,3-dioxolane are preferably 1000 ppm or less, more preferably 200 ppm or less in total.
- the polymerization reaction may be solution polymerization carried out in the presence of an inert solvent, but bulk polymerization under substantially no solvent is preferable because the cost of solvent recovery is unnecessary and the effect of sterically hindered phenol is large.
- a solvent aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride and ethylene dichloride.
- the polymerization reaction is preferably performed using a continuous polymerization apparatus.
- the method of implementing by connecting one or two or more continuous polymerization machines in series is a suitable thing.
- a continuous polymerization machine a kneading machine having at least two horizontal rotation shafts and screw-type or paddle-type rotation blades on the rotation shafts can be mentioned as a preferable example. Specifically, it has an inner cross-section with two overlapping circles, a jacket around it, a pair of shafts in a long case, and a large number of convex lens-type paddle blades engaged with each other.
- a continuous polymerization machine capable of cleaning the inner surface of the case and the surface of the opposite convex lens type paddle blade with the tip of the convex lens type paddle blade is preferable.
- copolymerization is carried out in the presence of a sterically hindered phenol, and the sterically hindered phenol is added as it is or in the form of a solution.
- the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane and cyclohexane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; and halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene dichloride and ethylene dichloride. It is done.
- the monomer trioxane and the comonomer 1,3-dioxolane may be used as the solvent.
- the sterically hindered phenol In order to maintain the activity of the sterically hindered phenol during the polymerization reaction, it is desirable to add a part or all of the sterically hindered phenol as it is or in the form of a solution at the continuous polymerization machine inlet. It is also possible to dissolve a predetermined amount in the trioxane to be added in advance.
- a polymerization terminator is added to deactivate the catalyst (boron trifluoride). Stop the polymerization.
- a large amount of energy consumption for recovering unreacted monomers can be reduced.
- the amount of generated formaldehyde, thermal stability, storage stability, etc. are improved for all resin compositions with additive compositions optimized for various applications. The effect can be expected. Therefore, the industrial significance in the present invention is very large.
- Trioxane and 1,3-dioxolane are copolymerized in the presence of boron trifluoride and sterically hindered phenol, and the resulting oxymethylene copolymer is contacted with a polymerization terminator to terminate the polymerization.
- a polymerization terminator to terminate the polymerization.
- the amount of the unstable portion of the oxymethylene copolymer that is unstable to heat and hydrolysis having a formate structure is small.
- Significant recovery costs for unreacted monomers are required.
- the polymerization is terminated at a polymerization yield of 92% or more, the recovery cost of the unreacted monomer is reduced.
- the oxymethylene copolymer has a formate structure and is unstable to heat and hydrolysis. Is generated rapidly.
- the formic acid ester structure in the oxymethylene copolymer was obtained by the presence of a specific amount of boron trifluoride and a specific amount of sterically hindered phenol during the copolymerization and termination of polymerization at a polymerization yield of 92% or more. It has been found that the amount of unstable parts having sigma can be greatly reduced and the thermal stability can be improved.
- the polymerization reaction is stopped by bringing a polymerization terminator into contact with the oxymethylene copolymer in the reaction system.
- the contact method is to continuously add a small amount of the polymerization terminator or a solution or suspension of the polymerization terminator to the oxymethylene copolymer. It is desirable to pulverize and contact.
- a washing step such as introducing an oxymethylene copolymer into a solution or suspension of a large amount of the polymerization terminator is also carried out, so that a solvent recovery step or a solvent removal step in the subsequent stage is required.
- a method in which a small amount of a polymerization terminator is added to a reaction system containing an oxymethylene copolymer at the time of termination of polymerization is industrially more preferable.
- a mixer for adding a polymerization terminator and mixing with an oxymethylene copolymer, there is a continuous mixer such as a single or twin screw or paddle type mixer similar to the above continuous polymerizer. Can be used.
- the polymerization reaction and the polymerization termination reaction are preferably performed continuously. That is, as the apparatus, a continuous polymerization apparatus in which a continuous polymerization machine and subsequently a polymerization terminator mixer are connected in series is suitable for producing an oxymethylene copolymer.
- the stabilization method described in (1) and (2) below can be employed.
- the stabilization treatment method (1) is simpler than the method (2) and is preferable as an industrial method. That is, when the stabilization treatment method (1) is employed, the oxymethylene copolymer is melt kneaded at a temperature of 760 to 0.1 mmHg in the temperature range from the melting temperature to a temperature 100 ° C. higher than the melting temperature. It is preferable to do. When the stabilization treatment temperature is lower than the melting temperature of the oxymethylene copolymer, the decomposition reaction of the unstable portion becomes insufficient, and the stabilization effect cannot be obtained.
- the temperature is higher than the melting temperature of 100 ° C.
- yellowing occurs, the main chain of the polymer is decomposed due to heat, and at the same time, an unstable portion is generated and the thermal stability is impaired.
- a more preferable range is 170 to 250 ° C., and a most preferable range is 180 to 235 ° C.
- the pressure during the stabilization process is higher than 760 mmHg, the effect of removing the decomposition gas generated by the decomposition of the unstable portion is low, and a sufficient stabilization effect cannot be obtained.
- a more preferable range is 740 to 10 mmHg, most preferably 400 to 50 mmHg. Further, the treatment time is appropriately selected within the range of 1 minute to 1 hour.
- a single-screw extruder or a biaxial or more extruder with a vent can be used as the apparatus used for the stabilization treatment.
- a method of combining a highly degassing effect such as a WSK ZSK extruder or a ZDS extruder is a more advantageous method.
- a method of combining a surface renewal type mixer with the above-described extruder as shown in Examples described later is the most effective method.
- a stabilizer such as an antioxidant or a heat stabilizer can be added to perform the stabilization treatment.
- Antioxidants that can be used in the stabilization treatment include triethylene glycol-bis-3- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate, pentaerythrityl-tetrakis-3- ( 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2′-methylenebis (6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 3,9-bis ⁇ 2- [3- (3- t-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyloxy] -1,1-dimethylethyl ⁇ -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5.5] undecane, N, N′-hexane 1,6-diylbis [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide], 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4 One or more sterically hindered phenols, such as hydroxy benzeneprop
- heat stabilizers include amine-substituted triazines such as melamine, methylol melamine, benzoguanamine, cyanoguanidine, N, N-diarylmelamine, polyamides, urea derivatives, urethanes and the like, and inorganic substances such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and barium.
- examples include acid salts, hydroxides, and organic acid salts.
- the oxymethylene copolymer obtained by the method of the present invention described in detail has the same excellent properties as the oxymethylene copolymer obtained by the conventional method, and can be used for the same application.
- the oxymethylene copolymer produced by the method of the present invention includes a colorant, a nucleating agent, a plasticizer, a release agent, a fluorescent brightening agent, an antistatic agent such as polyethylene glycol and glycerin, and a benzophenone compound.
- Additives such as light stabilizers such as hindered amine compounds can be added as desired.
- Crude oxymethylene copolymer An oxymethylene copolymer after the termination of polymerization and before the stabilization step is referred to as a crude oxymethylene copolymer.
- Formaldehyde generation amount Using the pellets obtained after the stabilization process, using the SAV-30-30 molding machine manufactured by Yamashiro Co., Ltd., using a disk with a diameter of 50 mm and a thickness of 3 mm, molded at the cylinder temperature of 215 ° C. In accordance with the method described in German Automobile Manufacturers Association Standard VDA275 (automobile interior parts-quantitative determination of formaldehyde emission by revised flask method).
- VDA275 automobile interior parts-quantitative determination of formaldehyde emission by revised flask method.
- (I) Put 50 ml of distilled water in a polyethylene container, close the lid with the test piece suspended, and keep it in a sealed state at 60 ° C. for 3 hours.
- a test piece is taken out.
- the formaldehyde concentration absorbed in distilled water in the polyethylene container is measured by an acetylacetone colorimetric method using a UV spectrometer.
- Thermal stability Residence heat stability was measured as an index of thermal stability.
- the pellets obtained after the melt stabilization treatment were dried at 80 ° C. for 4 hours, and then 6 shots of resin were retained in an injection molding machine (Toshiba Machine IS75E) with a cylinder temperature of 240 ° C. every 12 minutes. A strip-shaped test piece was molded and evaluated by the time (minutes) until silver (silver strip) due to foaming of the resin was generated on one side of the molded piece.
- Weight reduction rate by heating The pellets obtained after the melt stabilization treatment were put in a test tube, and after the replacement with nitrogen, the weight reduction rate (mass%) before and after heating was measured at 240 ° C. for 2 hours under reduced pressure of 10 Torr. When the weight before heating is X and the weight after heating is Y, the heating weight reduction rate is calculated as (XY) / X ⁇ 100.
- MD resistance Continuous injection molding of oxymethylene copolymer using an injection molding machine having a mold clamping pressure of 7 ton at a cylinder temperature of 220 ° C., a mold temperature of 70 degrees, and a molding cycle of about 6 seconds. The number of shots until mold deposit occurred was measured.
- Folding resistance test (bending fatigue test): Measured according to JISP8115. The details are as follows.
- the test piece had a thickness of 0.8 mm, a width of 12.7 mm, and a length of 127 mm.
- Examples 1 to 12 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 As a continuous polymerization apparatus, a pair of shafts are provided in a long case having an inner cross section in which two circles partially overlap each other, a long diameter of the inner cross section being 100 mm, and having a jacket around it.
- a continuous polymerization machine in which a large number of convex lens type paddle blades meshing with each other are fitted, and the tip of the convex lens type paddle blade can clean the inner surface of the case and the surface of the opposite convex lens type paddle blade, followed by the polymerization described above as a polymerization terminator mixer
- a device having a structure similar to that of the polymerizer in which a solution containing a polymerization terminator is injected from the supply port and continuously mixed with the polymer, is connected in series to the polymerizer. Production of the polymer was carried out.
- trioxane containing 0.00025 mmol of triethanolamine per mole of trioxane as a stabilizer
- sterically hindered phenol triethylene glycol-bis-3- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate
- Table 2 A 1,3-dioxolane solution having a concentration of sterically hindered phenol of 11 wt% was supplied from a line separate from trioxane.
- 1,3-dioxolane is continuously supplied as a comonomer from the third line, and the total amount of 1,3-dioxolane supplied from the two lines is as shown in Table 2. Adjusted. In Comparative Example 7, no sterically hindered phenol was supplied. At the same time, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate in the amount shown in Table 2 was continuously fed as a catalyst. Further, methylal as a molecular weight regulator was continuously supplied in an amount necessary for the intrinsic viscosity to be 1.0 to 1.5 dl / g. Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and methylal were each added as a benzene solution.
- the total amount of benzene used was 1% by mass or less based on trioxane. Further, twice the molar amount of triphenylphosphine of the catalyst was continuously supplied from the inlet of the polymerization terminator mixer as a benzene solution to stop the polymerization reaction, and a crude oxymethylene copolymer was obtained from the outlet.
- the continuous polymerization apparatus has a continuous polymerization machine shaft rotation speed of about 35 rpm, a polymerization stopper mixing machine shaft rotation speed of about 60 rpm, a continuous polymerization apparatus jacket temperature of 85 ° C., and a polymerization stopper mixing machine jacket. The polymerization operation was performed with the temperature set at 85 ° C. The polymerization time was about 10 minutes.
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Abstract
Description
近年、益々その利用範囲が広がり、当該樹脂に対するより高度な性能要求と共に、低コスト化の要求も高くなってきている。
その要求される品質の中で重要な課題として、成形時にオキシメチレン共重合体が成形機内で熱分解してホルムアルデヒドが発生し、外観不良や寸法異常等の成形不良を引き起こすことが挙げられる。また最終製品からのホルムアルデヒドの発生により、シックハウス症候群を引き起こす等、人体への悪影響が指摘されている。厚生労働省はこのシックハウス症候群対策として、室内ホルムアルデヒド濃度指針値を0.08ppmと規定しており、最終製品に必要な優れた剛性、靭性を維持しつつ、ホルムアルデヒド発生量が限りなく低減されたオキシメチレン共重合体が要求されている。ホルムアルデヒド発生量を低減させるオキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法は現在までに種々提案されている。例えば、不純物の低減されたモノマーを重合し、さらに重合直後に急冷することにより触媒を失活せしめ副反応を抑制する方法や、押出機に直接水等を添加し末端安定化をおこなう方法、立体障害性フェノールが添加されたモノマーを重合し、さらに重合後のオキシメチレン共重合体を最適粒子径に制御し触媒失活を行い、加えて水を添加し溶融下で減圧脱揮して末端安定化をおこなう方法等が開示されている。
トリオキサンと、トリオキサンに対して7.0~22質量%の1,3-ジオキソランとを含むモノマー原料を、トリオキサン1モル当たり0.03~0.10ミリモルの三フッ化ホウ素と、トリオキサンに対し0.006~2.0質量%の立体障害性フェノールとの存在下に共重合反応を行う工程;および該重合反応の重合収率が92%以上の時点で、反応系中に重合停止剤を加えて重合を停止させる工程を含む、オキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法。
三フッ化ホウ素の添加量がこれより多い場合は熱安定性が低下し、著しく重合速度が落ちるため工業生産に適さない。
三フッ化ホウ素はそのままか、または溶液の形態で使用される。溶液で使用される場合、溶媒としては、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、シクロヘキサン等の脂肪族炭化水素;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素;メチレンジクロリド、エチレンジクロリド等のハロゲン化炭化水素が挙げられる。
(1)上記で得られたオキシメチレン共重合体を加熱溶融して、不安定部分を除去する安定化処理方法。
(2)上記で得られたオキシメチレン共重合体を水性媒体中で加水分解して、不安定部分を除去する安定化処理方法。
これらの方法により安定化した後、ペレット化し、安定化された成形可能なオキシメチレン共重合体を得ることができる。
(i)ポリエチレン容器中に蒸留水50mlを入れ、試験片をつるした状態で蓋を閉め密閉状態で60℃、3時間保持する。
(ii)その後、室温で60分間放置後、試験片を取出す。
(iii)ポリエチレン容器内の蒸留水中に吸収されたホルムアルデヒド濃度を、UVスペクトロメーターを用いてアセチルアセトン比色法で測定する。
滞留熱安定性;熱安定性の指標として、滞留熱安定性を測定した。溶融安定化処理後に得られたペレットを、80℃で、4時間乾燥した後、シリンダー温度240℃の射出成形機(東芝機械製IS75E)内に6ショット分の樹脂を滞留させ、12分毎に短冊状試験片を成形し、樹脂の発泡に起因するシルバー(銀条)が成形片一面に発生するまでの時間(分)により評価した。
加熱重量減少率;溶融安定化処理後に得られたペレットを試験管に入れ、窒素置換後10Torr減圧下で240℃、2時間加熱した際の加熱前後の重量減少率(質量%)を測定した。なお、加熱前の重量をX、加熱後の重量をYとすると、加熱重量減少率は(X-Y)/X × 100で計算される。
(i)共重合体ペレットの予備乾燥条件
ペレット3kgをステンレス製バットに入れ、90℃、2時間以上予備乾燥した。乾燥機として熱風循環式乾燥機を使用した。
(ii)テストピースの成形
予備乾燥したペレットをホッパードライヤー付属の成形機(日精樹脂工業(株)製、型式:FS160S、型締力160tf)に投入し、下記成形条件にてテストピースを成形した。テストピースの形状は、厚さ0.8mm、幅12.7mm、長さ127mmとした。
1)テストピースの状態調節
成形後のテストピースは、温度23±2℃、相対湿度50±5%の室内で48時間以上、状態を調節した後、耐折疲労試験を行った。
2)耐折性疲労試験
繰返し曲げ疲労試験は、下記条件で実施し、破断に至る回数を測定した。
試験条件:折り曲げ角度;±135度、テンション荷重;1kgf試験速度;220回/min、チャック部R;0.38mm
3)使用機器
MIT式耐折疲労試験機(製作;(株)東洋精機製作所)
重合収率=M1/M0×100
M0:アセトン処理前の質量
M1:アセトン処理、乾燥後の質量
連続重合装置として、二つの円が一部重なった内断面を有し、内断面の長径が100mmであり、周囲にジャケットを有する、長いケース内に1対のシャフトを備え、それぞれのシャフトには互いにかみ合う凸レンズ型パドル翼が多数はめ込まれ、凸レンズ型パドル翼の先端でケース内面および相手の凸レンズ型パドル翼の表面をクリーニングできる連続重合機と、それに続いて、重合停止剤混合機として前記の重合機と類似の構造を有し、供給口部分から重合停止剤を含む溶液を注入し、連続的に重合体と混合せしめる混合機を前記の重合機に直列に接続した装置を用い、オキシメチレン共重合体の製造を実施した。連続重合機の入口に、所定量のトリオキサン(安定剤としてトリオキサン1モル当たり0.00025ミリモルのトリエタノールアミンを含有する)を供給した。更に比較例7以外については、立体障害性フェノール(トリエチレングリコール-ビス-3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオネート)が表2に示す量供給されるように立体障害性フェノールの濃度が11wt%の1,3-ジオキソラン溶液をトリオキサンとは別のラインから供給した。更に、1,3-ジオキソランをコモノマーとして3つ目のラインから連続的に供給し、二つのラインから供給される1,3-ジオキソランの供給量の合計は、表2に記載の量となるように調整した。比較例7においては、立体障害性フェノールを供給しなかった。同時に触媒として表2に示す量の三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテラートを連続的に供給した。また、分子量調節剤としてメチラールを、極限粘度が1.0~1.5dl/gとなるために必要な量だけ連続的に供給した。三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテラートおよびメチラールはそれぞれベンゼン溶液として添加した。ベンゼンの合計使用量はトリオキサンに対して1質量%以下であった。また、重合停止剤混合機の入口より、触媒の2倍モル量のトリフェニルホスフィンをベンゼン溶液で連続的に供給して重合反応を停止し、出口より粗オキシメチレン共重合体を収得した。なお、連続重合装置は、連続重合機のシャフト回転数を約35rpm、重合停止剤混合機のシャフト回転数を約60rpmとし、また連続重合機のジャケット温度を85℃、重合停止剤混合機のジャケット温度を85℃に設定して重合運転を行った。重合時間は約10分であった。
Claims (7)
- トリオキサンと、トリオキサンに対して7.0~22質量%の1,3-ジオキソランとを含むモノマー原料を、トリオキサン1モル当たり0.03~0.10ミリモルの三フッ化ホウ素と、トリオキサンに対して0.006~2.0質量%の立体障害性フェノールとの存在下に共重合反応を行う工程;および
該共重合反応の重合収率が92%以上の時点で、反応系中に重合停止剤を加えて重合を停止させる工程
を含むオキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法。 - トリオキサンが、トリオキサン1モル当たり0.00001~0.003ミリモルのアミン類を含有する、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 重合停止剤が、トリフェニルホスフィン、ヒンダードアミン化合物およびアルキル化メラミンからなる群から選択される1種または2種以上である、請求項1または2に記載の製造方法。
- 重合収率が97%以上となった時点で、反応系中に重合停止剤を加えて重合を停止させる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 連続重合機と停止剤混合機を直列に接続した連続重合装置を用いて行う、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
- 立体障害性フェノールの一部または全部を、連続重合機入口で添加する、請求項5に記載の製造方法。
- 重合を停止させる工程の後に、得られたオキシメチレン共重合体を、その溶融温度から溶融温度より100℃高い温度までの範囲までの範囲の温度で、760~0.1mmHgの圧力下に溶融混練する、安定化処理する工程を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
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EP14826304.9A EP3023445A4 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-05-23 | Method for producing oxymethylene copolymer |
US14/904,552 US20160145384A1 (en) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-05-23 | Method for producing oxymethylene copolymer |
JP2015527208A JPWO2015008537A1 (ja) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-05-23 | オキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法 |
KR1020157032683A KR20160031450A (ko) | 2013-07-18 | 2014-05-23 | 옥시메틸렌 공중합체의 제조 방법 |
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DE19581289C2 (de) * | 1994-02-28 | 2001-02-01 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Acetal-Copolymeren |
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2014
- 2014-05-23 KR KR1020157032683A patent/KR20160031450A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-05-23 TW TW103118090A patent/TW201504273A/zh unknown
- 2014-05-23 JP JP2015527208A patent/JPWO2015008537A1/ja active Pending
- 2014-05-23 US US14/904,552 patent/US20160145384A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-23 EP EP14826304.9A patent/EP3023445A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-23 WO PCT/JP2014/063735 patent/WO2015008537A1/ja active Application Filing
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JPH0363965B2 (ja) | 1983-06-08 | 1991-10-03 | Polyplastics Kk | |
JPH07242652A (ja) | 1994-03-07 | 1995-09-19 | Polyplastics Co | 環状ホルマールの変質防止方法 |
JPH08325341A (ja) | 1995-05-31 | 1996-12-10 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | オキシメチレン共重合体の製造方法 |
JPH11269165A (ja) | 1999-01-28 | 1999-10-05 | Polyplastics Co | 環状ホルマ―ルの変質防止方法 |
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JP7322223B1 (ja) | 2022-03-10 | 2023-08-07 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | ポリアセタール共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2023171315A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-14 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | ポリアセタール共重合体の製造方法 |
JP2023131884A (ja) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-09-22 | ポリプラスチックス株式会社 | ポリアセタール共重合体の製造方法 |
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KR20160031450A (ko) | 2016-03-22 |
JPWO2015008537A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
US20160145384A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
EP3023445A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
TW201504273A (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
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