WO2015007250A1 - 一种杀真菌混合物 - Google Patents

一种杀真菌混合物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015007250A1
WO2015007250A1 PCT/CN2014/084366 CN2014084366W WO2015007250A1 WO 2015007250 A1 WO2015007250 A1 WO 2015007250A1 CN 2014084366 W CN2014084366 W CN 2014084366W WO 2015007250 A1 WO2015007250 A1 WO 2015007250A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chlorothalonil
boscalid
fungicidal mixture
fungicidal
mixture according
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PCT/CN2014/084366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴一凡
布里斯·托詹姆斯·T.
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江苏龙灯化学有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 filed Critical 江苏龙灯化学有限公司
Priority to BR112016000998-3A priority Critical patent/BR112016000998B1/pt
Priority to PL415810A priority patent/PL233667B1/pl
Priority to AU2014292554A priority patent/AU2014292554B2/en
Priority to DE112014003275.1T priority patent/DE112014003275T5/de
Priority to EP14825815.5A priority patent/EP3023007A4/en
Publication of WO2015007250A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015007250A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/34Nitriles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N2300/00Combinations or mixtures of active ingredients covered by classes A01N27/00 - A01N65/48 with other active or formulation relevant ingredients, e.g. specific carrier materials or surfactants, covered by classes A01N25/00 - A01N65/48

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fungicidal mixture, and more particularly to a fungicidal mixture comprising the active ingredient boscalid and chlorothalonil.
  • crops are exposed to a variety of fungi or bacteria, resulting in a variety of diseases, often due to a variety of pathogenic or saprophytic fungi in the soil (such as Pythium, Phytophthora, Infection damage caused by Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Botrytis, etc. and bacteria (soft rot fungi, etc.), causing rotten seeds, rotten roots, dead seedlings.
  • pathogenic or saprophytic fungi such as Pythium, Phytophthora, Infection damage caused by Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Botrytis, etc. and bacteria (soft rot fungi, etc.
  • Boscal id its chemical name 2-chloro-indole-(4'-chlorodiphenyl-2-yl)nicotinamide
  • Borazin is a niacinamide fungicide. It was first developed by BASF in Germany. It has a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity and has a preventive effect. It is active against almost all types of fungal diseases. It is good for controlling powdery mildew and gray mold. Root rot, sclerotinia and various rot diseases are very effective, are not easy to produce cross-resistance, and are also effective against other resistant bacteria. They are mainly used for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as rapeseed, grapes, fruit trees, vegetables and field crops. . The test results show that boscalid has obvious control effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease, and the rate of disease control and disease index can be up to 80%. Above, it is better than other drugs currently used for promotion.
  • Boridylamine is a mitochondrial respiratory inhibitor, a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI), which acts by inhibiting succinate coenzyme Q reductase (also known as complex II) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Its mechanism of action is similar to other amide and benzamide fungicides. It has a role in the entire growth of pathogenic bacteria, especially spore germination inhibition. It also has excellent preventive effects and good intra-leaf permeability.
  • SDHI succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor
  • the boscalid is a foliar application fungicide, which can be vertically penetrated and spread to the top of the plant leaf. It has excellent preventive effects and has certain therapeutic effects. It inhibits spore germination, germ tube elongation, and applicator formation, and is effective in all other growth stages of fungi, providing excellent resistance to rain washout and persistence.
  • Boscalid is a broad-spectrum, systemic fungicide that can effectively prevent the sterilization of alcohol inhibitors, bisimides, benzimidazoles, anilines, phenylamides and methoxyacrylates.
  • the agent produces a disease of resistance.
  • the product can be transported to the tip and leaf edge of the plant through the xylem; it also has a vertical osmosis that can be transmitted through the leaf tissue to the back of the leaf; however, the product has little redistribution in the vapor phase.
  • the boscalid is mainly used to control powdery mildew, brown rot (Monilinia spp), leaf spot disease (Mycosphaerella spp), and Alternaria alternata on grapes, lawns, fruit trees, vegetables and ornamental plants. Alternaria spp), Botrytis spp, and Sclerotinia spp. It is also used in rations for cereals, grapes, peanuts and potatoes.
  • Chlorothalonil its chemical name is tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (2, 4, 5,
  • Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum, protective fungicide that replaces benzene.
  • the mechanism of action is that it can interact with the glyceraldehyde triphosphate dehydrogenase in the fungal cell, and the cysteine-containing protein in the enzyme is completely integrated, thereby destroying the activity of the enzyme and destroying the metabolism of the fungal cell and losing vitality.
  • the chlorothalonil has no systemic conduction, but after spraying onto the plant body, it has good adhesion on the body surface and is not easily washed away by rain, so the efficacy period is longer. It is mainly used for the control of rust, anthracnose, powdery mildew and downy mildew on fruit trees and vegetables. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fungicidal mixture which, in terms of reducing the application rate and improving the activity spectrum of the known compounds, boscalid and chlorothalonil, has a reduced total active compound application, Improve the active mixture (synergistic mixture).
  • the present invention provides a fungicidal mixture, which is obtained by binary compounding of boscalid and chlorothalonil, so that the obtained mixture has a gain effect on the control effect, and expands the sterilization spectrum, thereby
  • the effect of multi-drugs is effective in slowing down or avoiding the development of resistance to pathogens.
  • the bactericidal activity of the fungicidal mixtures of the invention is significantly higher than the sum of the activities of the individual active compounds. In other words, there are unpredictable, real-life synergies, not just supplements to activity.
  • the synergistic effect is particularly pronounced when the active compound is present in the fungicidal mixture of the invention in a specific weight ratio. However, the weight ratio of active compound in the fungicidal mixture can vary within a certain range.
  • a fungicidal mixture characterized by comprising: the active ingredient boscalid and chlorothalonil, wherein the weight percentage of boscalid and chlorothalonil is 1:100-100:1, preferably 1:50-50: 1, more preferably 1: 25-25: 1.
  • a method for controlling phytopathogenic bacteria which acts on a pathogenic bacterium and/or its environment, or a plant, a plant part, a seed, a soil, a region, a material or a space.
  • a method for controlling phytopathogenic bacteria wherein boscalid and chlorothalonil are administered simultaneously, or separately, or sequentially.
  • a fungicidal mixture, boscalid and chlorothalonil mixed with a filler and/or a surfactant is provided.
  • a fungicidal mixture which can be formulated into any dosage form that is permissible in agriculture.
  • the dosage form of the fungicidal mixture is a suspending agent, a seed coating agent, a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, a microcapsule suspension agent, a zc, a coated granule, an extruded granule, an emulsifiable concentrate, a microemulsion, a water emulsion, Effervescent tablets.
  • a fungicidal mixture is used for controlling fungi on cereals, fruits, vegetables, and cash crops.
  • the fungicidal mixture is in various crop plants such as banana, cotton, vegetable varieties (such as cucumber, beans, tomato and cucurbitaceae), barley, grass, oats, coffee, potatoes, corn, fruit varieties, rice, It is especially important to control large numbers of fungi in rye, soybeans, vines, wheat, ornamental plants, sugar cane, and large quantities of seeds.
  • the fungicidal mixture of the invention has very good fungicidal properties and can be used for controlling phytopathogenic fungi, such as Rhizoctonia solae, Oomycetes, Chytrix, and fungi, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes
  • phytopathogenic fungi such as Rhizoctonia solae, Oomycetes, Chytrix, and fungi, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes
  • a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi such as genus and deuteromycetes have excellent activity.
  • a fungicidal mixture containing boscalid and chlorothalonil can be used as a foliar fungicide in crop protection as a fungicide Used for seed dressing and as a soil fungicide.
  • the fungicidal mixtures of the invention are especially suitable for controlling the following plant diseases:
  • Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea) on strawberries, vegetables, flowers and vines
  • Cochliobolus sativus on cereals e.g. Cochliobolus miyabeanus on rice
  • Venturia black star disease
  • mixtures according to the invention are suitable for controlling harmful fungi such as Paecilomyces militaris in the protection of materials such as wood, paper, paint dispersions, fibers or fabrics and in the protection of stored products.
  • harmful fungi such as Paecilomyces militaris in the protection of materials such as wood, paper, paint dispersions, fibers or fabrics and in the protection of stored products.
  • the fungicidal mixture of the invention also shows a strong stimulating effect on plants. Therefore, they are suitable for mobilizing the internal defense of plants against attack by harmful microorganisms.
  • a plant-stimulated (resistance-inducing) compound can be understood as a substance that is capable of stimulating a plant's defense system so that when the plant to be treated is subsequently inoculated with a harmful fungus, it can exhibit significant effects on these fungi. Resistance.
  • the fungicidal mixture of the present invention can be used to protect plants for a certain period of time after the treatment against the mentioned pathogen attack.
  • the period of time for which such protection is achieved is usually from 1 to 10 days, preferably from 1 to 7 days, calculated from the treatment with the active compound.
  • the fungicidal mixture of the present invention can be converted into a conventional preparation, such as a suspending agent, a seed coating agent, a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, a microcapsule suspension, a ZC, a coated granule, an extruded granule, an emulsifiable concentrate, a microemulsion. , water emulsion, effervescent tablets.
  • a suspending agent such as a seed coating agent, a wettable powder, a water-dispersible granule, a microcapsule suspension, a ZC, a coated granule, an extruded granule, an emulsifiable concentrate, a microemulsion. , water emulsion, effervescent tablets.
  • a fungicidal mixture according to the invention comprises a fungicidal mixture of boscalid and chlorothalonil.
  • the active compound of boscalid and chlorothalonil is mixed with a filler and/or a surfactant.
  • Borazin is known from EP-A 545099.
  • the boscalid can be present in different crystalline variants and in water and form (see W0 03/29219 and W0 2004/72039).
  • the term "filler” refers to a natural or synthetic organic or inorganic substance which can be combined or combined with an active compound to make it easier to apply to a subject, such as a plant, crop or grass. Compound. Therefore, the filler is preferably inert and at least agriculturally acceptable.
  • the filler may be a solid or a liquid.
  • the non-reactive medium that can be used in the present invention can be either solid or liquid, and can be used as a solid medium material, for example: vegetable powders (for example, soy flour, starch, cereal flour, wood flour, bark flour, Sawdust, walnut shell powder, bran, cellulose powder, coconut shell, corn cob and tobacco stem granules, residue after extracting plant extracts, etc.), paper, sawdust, comminuted synthetic resin, etc., synthetic clay, clay ( For example, kaolin, bentonite, acid china clay, etc., talc powder.
  • vegetable powders for example, soy flour, starch, cereal flour, wood flour, bark flour, Sawdust, walnut shell powder, bran, cellulose powder, coconut shell, corn cob and tobacco stem granules, residue after extracting plant extracts, etc.
  • paper sawdust, comminuted synthetic resin, etc.
  • synthetic clay for example, kaolin, bentonite, acid china clay, etc., talc powder.
  • Silica eg diatomaceous earth, silica sand, mica, hydrous silicic acid, calcium silicate), activated carbon, natural minerals (pumice, attapulgite and zeolite), fired diatomaceous earth, sand, plastic media, etc. (for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.), inorganic mineral powders such as potassium chloride, calcium carbonate, and calcium phosphate, chemical fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, urea, and green ammonium, and soil fertilizers.
  • the substances may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
  • liquid medium material such as water, alcohol (such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ketones (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ethers (such as diethyl ether, dioxins, methylcellulose, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (such as kerosene, mineral oil, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons Classes (eg benzene, toluene, xylene, mineral spirits, mercapto naphthalene, chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorobenzene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons, amides, sulfones, dimethyl sulfoxide, Mineral and vegetable oils, animal oils, etc.
  • alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropan
  • the surfactant may be used for emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, and/or wetting the active ingredient compound, and examples thereof include fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid ester, and poly Phosphate of oxyethylene alcohol or phenol, fatty acid ester of polyhydric alcohol, sulfonium aryl sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymer, lignosulfonate, polymer comb-shaped branched copolymer, butyl naphthalene sulfonate, A polyacrylic acid salt or a protein hydrolysate such as a mercaptoarylsulfonate, a sodium decylsulfosuccinate, a fat or oil, a fatty alcohol and an epoxy condensate, a mercaptotaurate or the like.
  • xanthan gum for stabilizing, adhering, and/or combining the active ingredient compound
  • active ingredient compound for example, xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, gelatin, starch, cellulose methyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, and natural phospholipids (such as the brain)
  • Phospholipids and lecithins and auxiliary agents such as synthetic phospholipids, bentonite, and sodium lignosulfonate.
  • antifreeze can be selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and sorbitol.
  • an auxiliary agent such as a naphthalenesulfonic acid polymer or a polymeric phosphate can be used.
  • a silicone antifoaming agent can be used as the antifoaming agent.
  • Colorants which can be used such as inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian blue; and organic pigments/dyes: alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes; and trace elements such as iron salts, manganese salts, Boron salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, molybdenum salts and zinc salts.
  • inorganic pigments such as iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian blue
  • organic pigments/dyes alizarin dyes, azo dyes and metal phthalocyanine dyes
  • trace elements such as iron salts, manganese salts, Boron salts, copper salts, cobalt salts, molybdenum salts and zinc salts.
  • additional components may also be included, such as protective colloids, binders, thickeners, thixotropic agents, penetrants, stabilizers, masking agents.
  • the formulations of the present invention can be prepared by mixing the active compounds with conventional additives in a known manner.
  • the conventional additives such as conventional extenders and solvents or diluents, emulsifiers, dispersants, and/or binders or fixatives, wetting agents, water repellents, and if desired, drier and colorants may also be included. , stabilizers, pigments, defoamers, preservatives, thickeners, water and other processing aids.
  • compositions include not only immediate application to the subject to be treated by means of suitable equipment such as spray or dusting equipment, but also concentrated commercial compositions which require dilution prior to application to the subject.
  • the fungicidal mixture containing boscalid and chlorothalonil of the present invention can also be administered in combination with other active ingredients, for example, to broaden the spectrum of activity or to prevent formation of resistance.
  • the other active ingredients are, for example, fungicides, bactericides, attractants, insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, growth regulators, herbicides, safeners, fertilizers or chemical pheromones.
  • the compound boscalid and chlorothalonil can be administered simultaneously, or separately, or sequentially, The order of application is usually unaffected by the results of the control.
  • the fungicidal mixture of the present invention can be applied by itself, in the form of its preparation or the form of use prepared therefrom. It is applied by conventional means, such as watering, spraying, misting, spreading, dusting, and as a dry powder for processing dry powder, dry mix, wet seed dressing, wet seed dressing, slurry dressing, and seed treatment.
  • the application rate of the active compound is usually from 5 to 2000 g/ha, preferably from 20 to 900 g/ha, especially from 50 to 750 g/ha.
  • the application rate of the active compound is from 1 to 1000 g / 100 kg of seed, preferably from 5 to 500 g / 100 kg of seed;
  • the application rate of the active compound is usually from 0.1 to 10000 g/ha, preferably from 1 to 5000 g/ha.
  • a method of controlling phytopathogenic bacteria is carried out by spraying or dusting a seed, a plant or a soil separately or in combination with a mixture of boscalid and chlorothalonil before or after plant sowing or before or after emergence of the plant.
  • a fungicidal mixture of the invention comprising boscalid and chlorothalonil, having synergistic effect
  • the bactericidal activity of the fungicidal mixture of boscalid and chlorothalonil of the invention is greater than the activity of each active compound And significantly higher. In other words, there are unpredictable, real-life synergies, not just supplements to activity.
  • the synergistic effect is particularly pronounced when the active compound is present in the fungicidal mixture of the invention in a specific weight ratio.
  • the good bactericidal properties of the fungicidal mixture of the present invention can be illustrated by the following examples. Although The individual active compounds are less active in their bactericidal action, but the fungicidal mixture exhibits a simple additive activity over the respective action.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention provides a fungicidal mixture which, by binary compounding boscalid and chlorothalonil, has a gain effect on the control effect of the obtained fungicidal mixture, can synergistically increase, and expands
  • the bactericidal spectrum plays a multi-effect role.
  • the action mechanism of boscalid and chlorothalonil is different, the disease-preventing effect can be improved, and the pathogenic bacteria are less likely to develop drug resistance.
  • Example 1 2% boscalid + 10% chlorothalonil suspension
  • Example 2 20% boscalid +4% chlorothalonil wettable powder
  • the proportion components are mixed and pulverized by an ultrafine pulverizer to obtain 20% boscalid + 4% chlorothalonil wettable powder.
  • Example 3 0. 2% boscalid + 20% chlorothalonil emulsion
  • N-methylpyrrolidone 15% calcium docosabenzoate 5% agricultural milk 600# 5% water to 100% Add the original drug, solvent, emulsifier together to dissolve into a uniform oil phase; The water-soluble component is mixed with water to prepare an aqueous phase; and the oil phase is mixed with the water phase under high-speed stirring to obtain 0.2% chlorpyrifos + 20% chlorothalonil water emulsion.
  • Example 4 3. 5% chlorpyrifos +1. 5% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules
  • Boscalid 3. 5% chlorothalonil 1. 5% sodium lignosulfonate 4% sodium decyl sulfate 5%
  • 5% kaolin is added to 100%.
  • the active ingredient, dispersant, wetting agent, disintegrant and filler are mixed evenly according to the formula, and pulverized into a wettable powder by air flow, and then a certain amount of water is added to mix and extrude the material. After sieving, 3.5% chlorpyrifos + 1. 5% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules were obtained.
  • Example 5 20% boscalid +0. 2% chlorothalonil suspending agent
  • chlorothalonil 0. 2% sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 10% xanthan gum 1% bentonite 1% glycerol 5% water to 100% active ingredient, dispersant, moist
  • the 2% chlorothalonil suspension agent is obtained by mixing the components of the composition of the solution of the solution of the solution of the chlorhexidine.
  • Example 6 7. 5% chlorpyrifos + 2. 5% chlorothalonil oil suspension
  • chlorothalonil 2. 5% Sodium methylnaphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 5% Xanthan gum 1% Bentonite 1% Glycerol 5% Soybean oil supplemented to 100% Proportion of ingredients such as active ingredients, dispersants, wetting agents and water The mixture was uniformly mixed, and after grinding and/or high-speed shearing, 7.5% ridopyramide + 2. 5% chlorothalonil suspension oil floatant was obtained.
  • Example 7 1% boscalid + 10% chlorothalonil wettable powder
  • Xanthan gum 0. 07% Sodium salt of sulfonated naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product 1% Fungicide 0. 2% Water to 100% Dissolve boscalid and chlorothalonil in methyl oleate, Adding polystyrene to obtain an oil phase; mixing the components according to the formula to obtain an aqueous phase; adding the oil phase to the aqueous phase under stirring to obtain a water emulsion
  • Example 10 25% boscalid +1% chlorothalonil wettable powder
  • Boscalid 25% chlorothalonil 1% sodium lignin sulfonate 4% sodium lauryl sulfate 2% highly dispersed silicic acid 1% kaolin complement to 100% The above components are mixed in proportion, ground, pulverized, prepared Into a wettable powder.
  • Boscalid 1% chlorothalonil 25% polyethylene glycol 3% highly dispersed silicic acid 1% calcium carbonate supplemented to 100% in the mixer the finely divided active ingredient is evenly applied to the polyethylene glycol Wet on the carrier. In this way, dust-free coated granules can be obtained.
  • Example 12 20% boscalid + 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder
  • the active ingredient is mixed with the auxiliaries and ground, and the mixture is wetted with water. The mixture was extruded and then dried in a stream of air.
  • Example 14 1% boscalid + 50% chlorothalonil suspension (J
  • Atlox4913 16% dispersant LFH 0. 3% defoamer 0. 16% urea 8. 4% chlorothalonil 20% water to 100%
  • the catalyst was then heated and kept at 50 ° C for 2 hours. After cooling, a microcapsule of boscalid is obtained.
  • dispersant LFH dispersant LFH
  • defoamer defoamer
  • urea urea
  • chlorothalonil water
  • Solvesso 200 30% Ethoxylated castor oil 4% Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate monosodium disodium 10% Modified calcium lignosulfonate 5% Xanthan gum 1% Bentonite 1% Glycerol 5% The water is made up to 100%. The boscalid is dissolved in Solvesso 200, and the ethoxylated castor oil is added to obtain the boswellic acid emulsifiable concentrate;
  • the chlorothalonil, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfosuccinate monosodium disodium, the above components are uniformly mixed in a ratio and sand-milled to prepare a suspension.
  • SolvessolOO is made up to 100%. Mix the above ingredients and stir until a clear homogeneous phase is obtained.
  • Example 18 5% boscalid + 5% chlorothalonil suspension seed coating
  • Boscalid 20% chlorothalonil 80% The boscalid and chlorothalonil are mixed in proportion.
  • the ratio of the above embodiment is a weight ratio of one hundred.
  • Biological test case in vitro synergistic test According to Sun Yunpei method, the virulence index of each agent and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC value) of the mixture were calculated.
  • CTC 80 the composition showed antagonistic effect.
  • 80 ⁇ CTC ⁇ 120 the composition showed additive effect.
  • CTC ⁇ 120 the composition showed synergy.
  • Measured virulence index (ATI) (standard drug EC50 / test drug EC50) *100
  • Theoretical virulence index (TTI) A drug virulence index * Percentage of A in the mixture + B virulence index * Percentage of B in the mixture
  • CTC [mixture measured virulence index (ATI) / mixed theory virulence index
  • Three pots of wheat seedlings are used for each treatment, and a potter spray tower is used to spray at 50 PSI pressure towers, about 5 mL per pot, and 12 concentration gradients are set for each medicament.
  • the bacteria were inoculated 24 hours after the treatment, and the wheat powdery mildew leaves collected from the field were uniformly shaken off the wheat seedlings to inoculate the conidia, and then the wheat seedlings were placed in a greenhouse for cultivation. After 7 days, the disease index was investigated according to the grading standard of wheat powdery mildew, and the control effect was calculated. Then, the neutral concentration EC 5 was calculated by the least squares method. Then calculate the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) according to Sun Yunpei's method.
  • CTC co-toxicity coefficient
  • Table 1 Test results of virulence test of the present invention for controlling wheat powdery mildew
  • Boscalid chlorothalonil 1:5 7.59 213.80 88.75 262.8 boscalid: chlorothalonil 1:1 8.50 190.88 93.25 240.9 boscalid: chlorothalonil 5:1 8.11 200.09 97.75 204.7 boscalid: Chlorothalonil 10:1 8.66 187.37 98.77 189.7
  • Boridylamide chlorothalonil 25:1 10.51 154.49 99.48 155.3 boscalid: chlorothalonil 5 O0:1 11.25 144.32 99.74
  • Test 2 Determination of virulence of potato gray mold
  • Boscalid chlorothalonil 1: 10 16.64 91.52 69.02 132.6 boscalid: chlorothalonil 1:50 13.23 69.32 166.1 boscalid: chlorothalonil 1:25 11.62 131.02 69.91 187.4 boscalid: 100 Bacterial Clearance 1: 10 10.16 149.91 71.55 209.5 Pyridylamine: chlorothalonil 1:5 8.52 178.82 73.93 287.9 Pyridylamine: chlorothalonil O 1:1 9.19 165.76 84.36
  • Botrytis cinerea the co-toxicity coefficient is greater than 120, indicating that the mixing of the two in this range shows a gain effect, especially when the ratio of the two is 1:5, the gain effect is particularly prominent.
  • Each pot is selected from 3 pots for test leaf seedlings, sprayed with a potter spray tower at 50 PSI pressure tower, about 5 mL per pot, and 12 concentration gradients for each potion.
  • the bacteria were inoculated 24 hours after the treatment, and the leaf spotted leaves collected from the field were uniformly shaken off the conidia above the cabbage seedlings, and then the cabbage leaf seedlings were placed in a greenhouse for cultivation.
  • the disease index was investigated according to the grading standard of cabbage leaf spot disease, and the control effect was calculated. Then, the inhibitory concentration EC 5 was calculated by the least squares method.
  • CTC co-toxicity coefficient
  • boscalid and chlorothalonil control the leaf spot of cabbage in the range of 1:10 ( ⁇ 100: 1), the co-toxicity coefficient is greater than 120, indicating that the mixing of the two in this range is The gain effect, especially when the ratio of the two is 1:10, the gain effect is particularly outstanding.
  • Test 4 Determination of virulence of downy mildew on tomatoes
  • Table 4 Virulence test results of the present invention in controlling tomato downy mildew
  • X is the activity when the active compound A is used in an amount of mg/ha or at a concentration of mppm;
  • Y is the activity when the active compound B is used in an amount of ng/ha or a concentration of nppm, expressed as a percentage of the untreated control ;
  • E is the activity when using the active compounds A and B in the amounts m and n g/ha or in the concentrations m and n ppm,

Abstract

本发明涉及的是一种杀真菌混合物,尤其涉及一种含有活性成分啶酰菌胺和百菌清的杀真菌混合物。含有活性成分啶酰菌胺和百菌清,其中啶酰菌胺与百菌清的重量配比为1:100-100:1。其中啶酰菌胺和百菌清的含量占杀真菌混合物的5-90%。本发明通过将啶酰菌胺和百菌清进行二元复配,使得得到的杀真菌混合物在防治效果上具有增益效果,并且扩大了杀菌谱,起到一药多效的作用。此外,由于啶酰菌胺和百菌清作用机理不同,因此可提高防病效果、使病菌不易产生抗药性。

Description

一种杀真菌混合物
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种杀真菌混合物, 尤其涉及一种含有活性成分啶酰菌 胺和百菌清的杀真菌混合物。
背景技术
在园艺作物和旱作生产中, 作物会遇到多种真菌或细菌的侵染而得各 种疾病, 也常因土壤里多种致病或腐生的真菌 (如腐霉、 疫霉、 立枯丝核 菌、 镰刀菌、 灰霉菌等) 和细菌 (软腐菌等) 的侵染危害, 引起烂种、 烂 根、 死苗。
啶酰菌胺(Boscal id ) , 其化学名称 2-氯 -Ν- (4 ' -氯二苯 _2_基)烟酰 胺,
结构式为
Figure imgf000002_0001
啶酰菌胺是一种烟酰胺类杀菌剂, 由德国巴斯夫公司首次研发成功, 杀菌谱较广, 具有预防作用, 几乎对所有类型的真菌病害都有活性, 对防 治白粉病、 灰霉病、 根腐病、 菌核病和各种腐烂病等非常有效, 不易产生 交互抗性, 对其他药剂的抗性菌亦有效, 主要用于包括油菜、葡萄、 果树、 蔬菜和大田作物等病害的防治。 试验结果表明, 啶酰菌胺对油菜菌核病具 有明显的防治效果,适期用药一次病株率防效和病情指数防效均可达 80 % 以上, 优于目前推广应用的其他药剂。
啶酰菌胺是一种线粒体呼吸抑制剂, 为琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(SDHI), 它通过抑制线粒体电子传递链上琥珀酸辅酶 Q还原酶 (也称为复合物 II) 而起作用, 其作用机理与其他酰胺类和苯甲酰胺类杀菌剂类似。 它对病原 菌整个生长环节均有作用, 尤其孢子发芽抑制作用更强。 它也具有出色的 预防效果和很好的叶内渗透性。
啶酰菌胺为叶面应用杀菌剂, 可以在植物叶部垂直渗透和向顶传输, 具有优异的预防作用, 并有一定的治疗效果。 它可以抑制孢子萌发、 芽管 伸长、 附着器形成, 在真菌的所有其他生长期也有效, 呈现卓越的耐雨水 冲刷性和持效性。
啶酰菌胺为广谱、 内吸性杀菌剂, 它可以有效防治对 醇抑制剂、 双 酰亚胺类、 苯并咪唑类、 苯胺嘧啶类、 苯基酰胺类和甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀 菌剂产生抗性的病害。 该产品可以通过木质部向顶传输至植株的叶尖和叶 缘; 它还具有垂直渗透作用, 可以通过叶部组织, 传递到叶子的背面; 不 过, 该产品在蒸气相再分配作用很小。 啶酰菌胺主要通过茎叶喷雾, 用于 防治葡萄、 草坪、 果树、 蔬菜和观赏植物上的白粉病、 褐腐病(Monilinia spp)、叶斑病 (Mycosphaerella spp)以及由链格孢菌 (Alternaria spp)、 灰霉菌 (Botrytis spp) 、 菌核病菌 (Sclerotinia spp) 弓 1起的病害。 也以复配制剂用于谷物、 葡萄、 花生和马铃薯等可耕作物上。
百菌清 (chlorothalonil) , 其化学名称为四氯间苯二腈 (2, 4, 5,
Figure imgf000004_0001
百菌清是取代苯类广谱、 保护性杀菌剂。 作用机理是能与真菌细胞中 的三磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶发生作用, 与该酶中含有半胱氨酸的蛋白质相结 全, 从而破坏该酶活性, 使真菌细胞的新陈代谢受破坏而失去生命力。 百 菌清没有内吸传导作用, 但喷到植物体上之后, 能在体表上有良好的黏着 性, 不易被雨水冲刷掉, 因此药效期较长。 其主要用于果树、蔬菜上锈病、 炭疽病、 白粉病、 霜霉病的防治。 发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种杀真菌混合物,就降低施用率和改善已知化合物 啶酰菌胺和百菌清的活性谱而言, 本发明在降低的活性化合物施用总量 下, 对有害真菌具有改善活性的混合物 (协同增效混合物) 。
我们已发现, 同时, 即联合或分开施用啶酰菌胺和百菌清, 或依次施 用啶酰菌胺和百菌清使得比单独施用各个化合物更好地防治有害真菌。
本发明提供了一种杀真菌混合物, 该组合物通过将啶酰菌胺和百菌清 进行二元复配, 使得得到的混合物在防治效果上具有增益效果, 并且拓展 了杀菌谱, 起到了一药多用的作用, 有效减缓或避免病菌产生抗药性。 令 人惊奇地, 本发明的杀真菌混合物的杀菌活性比各个活性化合物的活性的 加和明显更高。 换言之, 存在无法预测的、 真实存在的协同效应, 而不仅 仅是活性的增补。 当活性化合物以特定的重量比存在于本发明的杀真菌混合物中时, 协 同效应特别明显。 但是, 杀真菌混合物中的活性化合物的重量比可在一定 范围内变化。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案为:
一种杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 含有活性成分啶酰菌胺和百菌清, 其中啶酰菌胺和百菌清的重量百分比为 1 : 100-100 : 1,优选 1 : 50-50 : 1, 更 优选 1 : 25-25 : 1。
一种防治植物致病菌的方法, 将杀菌活性成分混合物作用于致病菌和 /或其环境, 或者植物、 植物部位、 种子、 土壤、 区域、 材料或空间中。
一种防治植物致病菌的方法, 将啶酰菌胺和百菌清同时施用、 或分别 施用、 或相继施用。
一种杀真菌混合物, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清与填充剂和 /或表面活性剂混 合。
一种杀真菌混合物, 可配制成农业上允许的任意剂型。 所述的杀真菌 混合物的剂型为悬浮剂、种衣剂、 可湿性粉剂、 水分散粒剂、微囊悬浮剂、 zc、 包衣颗粒剂、 挤出颗粒剂、 乳油、 微乳剂、 水乳剂、 泡腾片。
一种杀真菌混合物用于防治谷类、 水果、 蔬菜、 经济作物上真菌的用 途。
所述的杀真菌混合物在各种作物植物如香蕉、 棉花、 蔬菜品种 (例如 黄瓜、 豆类、 番茄和葫芦科植物) 、 大麦、 禾草、 燕麦、 咖啡、 土豆、 玉 米、 水果品种、 稻、 黑麦、 大豆、 葡萄藤、 小麦、 观赏植物、 甘蔗以及大 量种子中防治大量真菌尤其重要。
本发明的杀真菌混合物具有非常好的杀真菌性能, 并可被用于防治植 物致病真菌, 如根肿菌纲、 卵菌纲、 壶菌纲、 接和菌纲、 子囊菌纲、 担子 菌纲、 半知菌纲等宽范围植物病原性真菌具有极好活性。 含有啶酰菌胺和 百菌清杀真菌混合物可以在作物保护中用作叶面杀真菌剂, 作为杀真菌剂 用于拌种和用作土壤杀真菌剂。
本发明的杀真菌混合物尤其适于防治如下植物病害:
-蔬菜、 油籽油菜、 糖用甜菜和水果和稻上的链格孢(Alternaria)属, -糖用甜菜和蔬菜上的丝囊霉(Aphanomyces)属,
-玉米、 禾谷类、 稻和草坪中的平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris) 属和内脐蠕孢 (Drechslera)属,
-禾谷类上的禾白粉茵(Blumeria graminis) ( 白粉病),
-草莓、 蔬菜、 花卉和葡萄藤上的灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea) (灰霉病),
-莴苣上的莴苣盘梗霉(Bremia lactucae) ,
玉米、 大豆、 稻和糖用甜菜上的尾孢(Cercospora)属,
-玉米、 禾谷类、 稻上的旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus)属(例如禾谷类上的禾旋 孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus) , 稻上的宫部旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus miyabeanus) ) ,
-大豆和棉花上的剌盘孢(Colletotricum)属,
-禾谷类和玉米上的内脐蠕孢(Drechslera)属,
-玉米上的突脐蠕孢(Exserohilum)属,
.黄瓜上的二孢白粉菌(Erysiphe cichoracearum) 和单丝壳白粉菌
(Sphaerotheca fuliginea) ,
-各种植物上的镰孢霉(Fusarium)属和轮枝孢(Verticillium)属,
-禾谷类上的禾顶囊壳 (Gaeumanomyces graminis)属,
-禾谷类和稻上的赤霉(Gibberella) 属(例如稻上的藤仓赤霉
(Gibberella fujikuroi) ) ,
-稻上的革兰氏染色配合物(Grain staining complex),
-玉米和稻上的长蠕孢 (Helminthosporium)属,
-禾谷类上的 Michrodochium nivale,
-禾谷类、 香蕉和花生上的球腔菌(Mycosphaerella)属, -大豆上的豆薯层锈菌(Phakopsora pachyrhizi) 和山马磺层锈茵
(Phakopsara meibomiae) ,
-大豆和向日葵上的拟茎点霉(Phomopsis)属,
-土豆禾口西红柿上的致病疫霉 (Phytophthora infestans),
-葡萄藤上的葡萄生单轴霉(Plasmopara viticola),
-苹果上的苹果白粉病菌(Podosphaera leucotr icha) ,
-禾谷类上的小麦基腐病菌 (Pseudocer oospore 11a herpotr ichoides)
-啤酒花禾口萌 上的假霜霉 (Pseudoperonospora)属,
-禾谷类和玉米上的柄锈菌(Puccinia)属,
-禾谷类上的核腔菌 (Pyrenophora)属,
-稻上的稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia 0 η zae) 笹木伏革菌(Corticium sasaki i) 、 帚梗柱孢属(Sarocladium oryzae) 、 稻叶鞘腐败病
(S. attenuatum) 、 稻叶黑粉菌 (Entyloma. oryzae),
-草坪和禾谷类上的稻梨孢菌(Pyricularia grisea) ,
-草坪、 稻、 玉米、 棉花、 油籽油菜、 向日葵、 糖用甜菜、 蔬菜和其他 物上的腐霉(Pythi丽)属,
-棉花、 稻、 土豆、 草坪、 玉米、 油籽油菜、 土豆、 糖用甜菜、 蔬菜和 他植物上的丝核菌(Rhizoctonia)属,
-油籽油菜和向日葵上的核盘菌(Sclerotinia)属,
•小麦上的小麦壳针孢(Septoria tritici) 和颖枯壳多孢(St agonospt nodorum),
-葡萄藤上的葡萄钩丝壳(Erysiphe),
-玉米禾口草坪上的 Setospaeria 属,
-玉米上的丝轴黑粉菌 (Sphacelotheca reilinia),
-大豆和棉花上的根串珠霉(Thievaliopsis)属,
-禾谷类上的腥黑粉菌(Tilletia)属, -禾谷类、 玉米和糖用甜菜上的黑粉菌(Ust i lago)属,
-苹果和梨上的黑星菌(Venturia)属(黑星病)。
此外、 本发明混合物适用于在材料 (例如木材、 纸、 油漆分散体、 纤 维或织物) 保护中和储存产品保护中防治有害真菌如拟青霉。
本发明的杀真菌混合物还显示出对植物具有很强的激励作用。 因此, 它们适用于动员植物的内部防御以抵抗有害微生物的攻击。
在本文中, 植物激励 (抗性诱导) 化合物可被理解为这样的物质, 即 能够剌激植物的防御系统, 使得当被处理的植物在后来接种有害真菌时能 显示出对这些真菌的显著的抗性。
因此, 本发明的杀真菌混合物可用于在进行了针对所提及的病原菌攻 击的处理后一定时间内保护植物。 这种保护所达到的一段时间通常为从使 用活性化合物处理开始计算的 1至 10天, 优选 1至 7天。
本发明的杀真菌混合物可转化为常规制剂, 例如悬浮剂、 种衣剂、 可 湿性粉剂、 水分散粒剂、 微囊悬浮剂、 ZC、 包衣颗粒剂、 挤出颗粒剂、 乳 油、 微乳剂、 水乳剂、 泡腾片。
本发明所述的一种杀真菌混合物包含啶酰菌胺和百菌清的杀真菌混 合物。 所述的杀真菌混合物中, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清的活性化合物与填充剂 和 /或表面活性剂混合。
所述的杀真菌混合物, 其中啶酰菌胺和百菌清的活性化合物的含量占 杀真菌混合物的 5-90%。
所述的杀真菌混合物, 其中啶酰菌胺和百菌清的活性化合物的含量占 杀真菌混合物的 10-80%。
啶酰菌胺由 EP-A 545099 已知。 啶酰菌胺可以以不同的结晶变体和水 和形式存在 (参看 W0 03/29219 和 W0 2004/72039 ) 。
根据本发明, 术语 "填充剂"指可与活性化合物相组合或联合以使其 更易于施用给对象 (例如植物、 作物或草类) 的天然或合成的有机或无机 化合物。 因此, 所述填充剂优选为惰性的, 至少应为农业可接受的。 所述 填充剂可以为固体或液体。
本发明中可以使用的非活性媒介既可以是固体也可以是液体的, 可以 作为固体媒介材料使用的有例如: 植物质粉末类 (例如大豆粉、 淀粉、 谷 物粉、 木粉、 树皮粉、 锯末、 核桃壳粉、 麸皮、 纤维素粉末、 椰壳、 玉米 穗轴和烟草茎的颗粒, 提取植物精华后的残渣等) 、 纸张、 锯末, 粉碎合 成树脂等的合成聚合体、 黏土类 (例如高岭土、 皂土、 酸性瓷土等) 、 滑 石粉类。 硅石类 (例如硅藻土、 硅砂、 云母、 含水硅酸, 硅酸钙) 、 活性 炭、 天然矿物质类 (浮石、 绿坡缕石及沸石等) 、 烧制硅藻土、 砂、 塑料 媒介等 (例如聚乙烯、 聚丙烯、 聚偏二氯乙烯等) 、 氯化钾、 碳酸钙、 磷 酸钙等的无机矿物性粉末、硫酸铵、磷酸铵、尿素、 绿化铵等的化学肥料、 土肥, 这些物质可以单独使用或者 2种以上混用。
可以作为液体媒介材料使用的可以在下列材料中选择, 例如水, 酒精 类 (例如甲醇、 乙醇、 异丙醇、 丁醇、 乙二醇等) 、 酮类 (例如丙酮、 甲基乙基酮、 二异丁基甲酮、 环己酮等) 、 醚类 (例如乙醚、 二恶垸、 甲 基纤维素、 四氢呋喃等) 、 脂肪族碳氢化合物类(例如煤油、 矿物油等) 、 芳香族碳氢化合物类 (例如苯、 甲苯、 二甲苯、 溶剂油、 垸基萘、 氯代芳 烃、 氯代脂肪烃、 氯苯, 等) 、 卤化碳氢化合物类、 酰胺类、 砜类、 二甲 基亚砜、 矿物和植物油、 动物油等。
为使有效成分化合物乳化、 分散、 可溶化、 以及 /或者润湿可以使用 表面活性剂例如可以列举脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、 聚氧乙烯垸基芳基醚、 聚氧 乙烯高级脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯醇或酚的磷酸酯、 多元醇的脂肪酸酯、 垸芳 磺酸、 萘磺酸聚合物、 木质素磺酸盐、 高分子梳形的支装共聚物、 丁基萘 磺酸盐、 垸基芳基磺酸盐、 垸基磺基琥珀酸钠、 油脂、 脂肪醇与环氧乙垸 缩合物、 垸基牛磺酸盐等聚丙烯酸盐、 蛋白质水解物。 合适的低聚糖物或 聚合物,例如基于单独的乙烯单体、丙烯酸、 E0和 /或 P0或者其与例如(多 元) 醇或 (多元) 胺的结合。
为使有效成分化合物分散稳定化、 附着以及 /或者结合, 可使用例如 黄原胶、 硅酸镁铝、 明胶、 淀粉、 纤维素甲醚、 聚乙烯醇、 聚乙酸乙烯酯 和天然磷脂 (如脑磷脂和卵磷脂) 以及合成磷脂、 皂土、 木质素磺酸钠等 辅助剂。
其中防冻剂可选用乙二醇, 丙二醇, 丙三醇, 山梨醇。 作为悬浮性产 品的抗絮凝剂可以使用例如萘磺酸聚合物、 聚合磷酸盐等的辅助剂。
作为消泡剂可使用有机硅消泡剂。
可以使用的着色剂, 例如无机颜料, 如氧化铁、 氧化钛和普鲁士蓝; 以及有机颜料 /染料: 茜素染料、 偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料; 以及微量元 素, 例如铁盐、 锰盐、 硼盐、 铜盐、 钴盐、 钼盐和锌盐。
任选地, 还可包含其它附加组分, 例如保护胶体、 粘合剂、 增稠剂、 触变剂、 渗透剂、 稳定剂、 掩蔽剂。
本发明的所述制剂可通过已知方式将所述活性化合物与常规添加剂 混合而制备。 所述常规添加剂如常规增充剂以及溶剂或稀释剂、 乳化剂、 分散剂、 和 /或粘合剂或固定剂、 润湿剂、 防水剂, 如果需要, 还可以包 含催干剂和着色剂、 稳定剂、 颜料、 消泡剂、 防腐剂、 增稠剂、 水以及其 它加工助剂。
这些组合物不仅包括可借助合适的设备如喷雾或撒粉设备立即适用 于待处理的对象, 而且还包括在施用于对象之前需进行稀释的浓缩商业组 合物。
本发明的含啶酰菌胺和百菌清的杀真菌混合物还可以与其它活性成 分联合施用, 例如用于扩大活性谱或防止形成抗性。 所述其它活性成分例 如杀真菌剂、 杀细菌剂、 引诱剂、 杀昆虫剂、 杀螨剂、 杀线虫剂、 生长调 节剂、 除草剂、 安全剂、 肥料或化学信息素等。
化合物啶酰菌胺和百菌清可同时施用, 或分别施用, 或相继施用, 分 开施用时的顺序对防治的结果通常无影响。
本发明的杀真菌混合物可以其本身施用, 以其制剂形式或由其制备的 使用形式施用。通过常规方式对其进行施用, 例如进行浇灌、 喷雾、 弥雾、 撒播、 喷粉, 以及作为处理干燥种子的粉、 干拌粉、 潮湿拌种、 湿拌种、 浆液拌种剂、 处理种子的溶液剂、 处理种子的水溶性粉剂、 处理泥土的水 溶性粉剂, 或通过形成薄壳等。
当使用本发明的杀真菌混合物时或含本发明的杀真菌混合物时,
-通常处理植物部位时, 活性化合物的施用率通常为 5 至 2000g/ha, 优选为 20-900 g/ha, 尤其是 50-750 g/ha。
在种子处理中, 活性化合物的施用率为 l- 1000g/100kg种子, 优选为 5-500g/ 100kg 种子;
-对于土壤处理: 活性化合物的施用率通常为 0. 1-10000 g/ha, 优选 1-5000 g/ha。
上述剂量仅是一般性的示例性剂量, 实际施用时本领域的技术人员会 根据实际情况和需要, 尤其是根据待处理的植物或作物的性质以及病菌的 严重性调整施用率。
一种防治植物致病菌的方法通过在植物播种之前或之后或在植物出 苗之前或之后对种子、 植物或土壤喷雾或撒粉分开或联合施用啶酰菌胺和 百菌清的混合物而进行。
本发明一种杀真菌混合物, 包括啶酰菌胺和百菌清, 具有协同增效作 用, 本发明的啶酰菌胺和百菌清的杀真菌混合物的杀菌活性比各个活性化 合物的活性的加和明显更高。 换言之, 存在无法预测的、 真实存在的协同 效应, 而不仅仅是活性的增补。
当活性化合物以特定的重量比存在于本发明的杀真菌混合物中时, 协 同效应特别明显。
本发明的杀真菌混合物良好的杀菌性能可通过以下实施例说明。 虽然 单独的活性化合物在其杀菌作用方面活性较弱, 但杀真菌混合物显示出超 过各自作用的简单加和的活性。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种杀真菌混合物, 该组合物通过将啶酰菌胺和百菌清 进行二元复配, 使得到的杀真菌混合物在防治效果上具有增益效果, 可以 协同增效, 并且扩大了杀菌谱, 起到一药多效的作用, 此外, 由于啶酰菌 胺和百菌清作用机理不同,因此可提高防病效果、使病菌不易产生抗药性。 具体实施方式
为了更好的解释本发明的发明要点, 下面提供几个较佳的实施方式。 将不同农药的有效成分组合制成农药, 是目前开发和研制新农药以及 防治农业上抗性病菌的一种有效和快捷的方式。 不同品种的农药混合后, 通常表现出三种作用类型: 相加作用、 增效作用和拮抗作用。 但具体为何 种作用, 无法预测, 只有通过大量实验才能知道。 复配增效很好的配方, 由于明显提高了实际防治效果, 降低了农药的使用量, 从而大大地延缓了 病菌抗药性的产生速度, 是综合防治病害的重要手段。
发明人通过大量的筛选试验, 对啶酰菌胺和百菌清的不同配比进行了 大量试验以及效果性分析, 发现在一定的配比范围内, 所得到的新型杀菌 组合物具有增益效果, 而不仅仅是两种药剂的简单相加, 具体用以下实施 方式进行说明。 制剂实施例
实施例 1 : 2%啶酰菌胺 +10%百菌清悬浮剂
啶酰菌胺 2% 百菌清 10% 甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物 10% 黄原胶 1% 膨润土 1% 丙三醇 5% 水 补足至 100% 将活性组分、分散剂、润湿剂和水等各组分按照配方的比例混合均匀, 经研磨和 /或高速剪切后得到 2%啶酰菌胺 + 10%百菌清悬浮剂。
实施例 2 20%啶酰菌胺 +4%百菌清 可湿性粉剂
啶酰菌胺 20% 百菌清 4% 十二垸基硫酸钠 2% 木质素磺酸钠 5% 白炭黑 10% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将活性成分、 各种助剂及填料等按配方的比例成分混合, 经超细粉碎 机粉碎后, 即得到 20%啶酰菌胺 +4%百菌清可湿性粉剂。 实施例 3 0. 2%啶酰菌胺 +20%百菌清水乳剂
啶酰菌胺 0. 2% 百菌清 20%
N-甲基吡咯垸酮 15% 十二垸基苯磺酸钙 5% 农乳 600# 5% 水 补足至 100% 将原药、 溶剂、 乳化剂加在一起, 使溶解成均匀油相; 将水溶性组分 和水混合制得水相; 在高速搅拌下, 将油相与水相混合, 制得 0. 2%啶酰菌 胺 +20%百菌清水乳剂。 实施例 4 3. 5%啶酰菌胺 +1. 5%百菌清 水分散粒剂
啶酰菌胺 3. 5% 百菌清 1. 5% 木质素磺酸钠 4% 十二垸基硫酸钠 5%
5% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将活性成分、分散剂、润湿剂、崩解剂和填料按配方的比例混合均匀, 经过气流粉碎成可湿性粉剂, 再加入一定量的水混合挤压造料。 经干燥筛 分后得到 3. 5%啶酰菌胺 + 1. 5%百菌清水分散粒剂。 实施例 5 20%啶酰菌胺 +0. 2%百菌清 悬浮剂
啶酰菌胺 20% 百菌清 0. 2% 甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物 10% 黄原胶 1% 膨润土 1% 丙三醇 5% 水 补足至 100% 将活性成分、 分散剂、 润湿剂和水等各组分按配方的比例混合均匀, 经研磨和 /或高速剪切后得到 20%啶酰菌胺 +0. 2%百菌清悬浮剂。 实施例 6 7. 5%啶酰菌胺 +2. 5%百菌清 油悬浮剂
啶酰菌胺 7. 5% 百菌清 2. 5% 甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物 5% 黄原胶 1% 膨润土 1% 丙三醇 5% 大豆油 补足至 100% 将活性成分、 分散剂、 润湿剂和水等各组分按配方的比例混合均匀, 经研磨和 /或高速剪切后得到 7. 5%啶酰菌胺 +2. 5%百菌清悬油浮剂。 实施例 7 1%啶酰菌胺 +10%百菌清 可湿性粉剂
啶酰菌胺 1% 百菌清 10% 十二垸基硫酸钠 10% 木质素磺酸钠 5% 白炭黑 10% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将上述组分按比例混合, 并研磨、 粉碎, 制备成可湿性粉剂。 实施例 8 50%啶酰菌胺 +1%百菌清 悬浮剂
啶酰菌胺 50% 百菌清 1%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠 10%
改性木质素磺酸钙 5%
黄原胶 1%
膨润土 1%
丙三醇 5%
水 补足至 100% 将上述各组分按比例混合均匀, 并经砂磨, 制备成悬浮剂 实施例 9 30%啶酰菌胺 +20%百菌清 水乳剂
油相:
啶酰菌胺 30% 百菌清 20% 油酸甲酯 38% 聚苯乙烯 3. 7% 水相:
黄原胶 0. 07% 磺化的萘磺酸-甲醛缩合产物的钠盐 1% 杀菌剂 0. 2% 水 补足至 100% 将啶酰菌胺和百菌清溶解在油酸甲酯中, 加入聚苯乙烯得到油相; 按 照配方中的组分混合均匀得到水相; 在搅拌下将油相加入水相得到水乳 实施例 10 25%啶酰菌胺 +1%百菌清 可湿性粉剂
啶酰菌胺 25% 百菌清 1% 木质素磺酸钠 4% 月桂基硫酸钠 2% 高度分散的硅酸 1% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将上述组分按比例混合, 并研磨、 粉碎, 制备成可湿性粉剂。 实施例 11 1%啶酰菌胺 +25%百菌清 包衣颗粒剂 啶酰菌胺 1% 百菌清 25% 聚乙二醇 3% 高度分散的硅酸 1% 碳酸钙 补足至 100% 在混合器中, 将磨细的活性成分均匀涂布到被聚乙二醇润湿的载体 上。 以此方式可获得无尘包衣颗粒剂。 实施例 12 20%啶酰菌胺 +70%百菌清 可湿性粉剂
啶酰菌胺 20% 百菌清 70% 十二垸基硫酸钠 1% 木质素磺酸钠 1% 白炭黑 1% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将上述组分按比例混合, 并研磨、 粉碎, 制备成可湿性粉剂。 实施例 13 20%啶酰菌胺 +60%百菌清 挤出颗粒剂
啶酰菌胺 20% 百菌清 60% 木质素磺酸钠 4% 羧甲基纤维素 2% 高岭土 补足至 100% 将活性组分与助剂混合并研磨, 混合物用水润湿。 将该混合物挤出, 然后在空气流中干燥。 实施例 14 1% 啶酰菌胺 +50%百菌清 悬浮齐 (J
啶酰菌胺 1%
百菌清 50%
脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠 10%
改性木质素磺酸钙 5%
黄原胶 1%
膨润土 1%
丙三醇 5%
水 补足至 100% 将上述各组分按比例混合均匀, 并经砂磨, 制备成悬浮剂。 实施例 15 10% 啶酰菌胺 + 20%百菌清 ZC
Atlox 4913 4% 柠檬酸 0. 05% 催化剂 0. 1% 水 13% 啶酰菌胺 10%
PAPI 1. 35%
Solvesso 200 10%
Atlox4913 16% 分散剂 LFH 0. 3% 消泡剂 0. 16% 尿素 8. 4% 百菌清 20% 水 补足至 100% 将 PAPI , 啶酰菌胺和 Solvesso 100 形成的油相加入含 Atlox4913 的水溶液中, 形成乳状液。 然后加热并保温在 50°C 下加入催化剂反应 2 小时。 冷却后得到啶酰菌胺的微囊剂。
At lox 4913, 分散剂 LFH, 消泡剂, 尿素, 百菌清和水按比例混合均 匀, 并经砂磨, 制备成悬浮剂。
将得到的啶酰菌胺的微囊剂加入百菌清的水悬浮剂中, 搅拌均匀得到 10% 啶酰菌胺 +20% 百菌清 ZC。 实施例 16 5% 啶酰菌胺 +15%百菌清 悬浮乳剂
啶酰菌胺 5% 百菌清 15%
Solvesso 200 30% 乙氧基化蓖麻油 4% 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠 10% 改性木质素磺酸钙 5% 黄原胶 1% 膨润土 1% 丙三醇 5% 水 补足至 100% 将啶酰菌胺溶解在 Solvesso 200 中, 加入乙氧基化蓖麻油, 得到啶 酰菌胺的乳油;
将百菌清, 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠, 上述各组分按比 例混合均匀, 并经砂磨, 制备成悬浮剂。
将含啶酰菌胺的油相加入到含百菌清的悬浮剂中, 得到悬浮乳剂。 实施例 17 10% 啶酰菌胺 + 10% 百菌清 乳油
啶酰菌胺 10% 百菌清 10% 乙氧基化蓖麻油 5%
十二垸基苯磺酸钙 3%
SolvessolOO 补足至 100% 将上述各组分混合, 搅拌至得到透明均一相。 实施例 18 5%啶酰菌胺 +5%百菌清 悬浮种衣剂
啶酰菌胺 5% 百菌清 5% 脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠 10% 改性木质素磺酸钙 5% 黄原胶 1% 膨润土 1% 丙三醇 5%
PVP-K30 1% 水 补足至 100% 将上述各组分按比例混合均匀, 并经砂磨, 制备成悬浮种衣剂。 实施例 19 20% 啶酰菌胺 +80% 百菌清
啶酰菌胺 20% 百菌清 80% 将啶酰菌胺和百菌清按照比例混合均匀。 以上实施例配比为重量百分配比。 生物测试例 离体增效作用试验测定 依孙云沛法计算出各药剂的毒力指数及混剂的共毒系数 (CTC值) , 当 CTC 80, 则组合物表现出拮抗作用, 当 80〈CTC〈120,则组合物表现出 相加作用, 当 CTC ^ 120 , 则组合物表现出增效作用。 实测毒力指数(ATI) = (标准药剂 EC50/供试药剂 EC50) *100
理论毒力指数(TTI) =A药剂毒力指数 *混剂中 A的百分含量 +B药剂毒 力指数 *混剂中 B 的百分含量
共毒系数(CTC) = [混剂实测毒力指数(ATI) /混剂理论毒力指数
(TTI) ^IOO 试验一: 小麦白粉病的毒力测定
选自长势一致的三到四叶期小麦苗, 每个处理选用 3盆供试麦苗, 用 potter 喷雾塔在 50PSI压力塔喷雾, 每盆大约 5mL, 每个药剂设置 12个 浓度梯度。 药剂处理后 24h接菌, 将采自田间的小麦白粉病叶在小麦苗上 方均匀抖落分生孢子进行接种, 然后将麦苗放入温室中培养。 7d后按照小 麦白粉病的发病分级标准全株调査病情指数, 并计算防治效果, 然后用最 小二乘法计算抑制中浓度 EC5。, 再依孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。
表一: 本发明在防治小麦白粉病上的毒力测试结果
Figure imgf000021_0001
啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:5 7.59 213.80 88.75 262.8 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:1 8.50 190.88 93.25 240.9 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 5:1 8.11 200.09 97.75 204.7 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 10:1 8.66 187.37 98.77 189.7 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 25:1 10.51 154.49 99.48 155.3 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 5 O0:1 11.25 144.32 99.74
O 144.7 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 12.96 125.23 99.87 125.4
从表一可知, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清在 1:10(Γ100: 1 的范围内防治小麦 白粉病, 共毒系数均大于 120, 说明两者在这个范围内的混配均表现为增 益效果, 尤其是当两者的比例在 1:5 时, 增益效果尤为突出。
试验二: 马铃薯灰霉病的毒力测定
选自长势一致的马铃薯苗,每个处理选用 3盆供试叶苗,用 potter 喷 雾塔在 50PSI压力塔喷雾, 每盆大约 5mL, 每个药剂设置 12个浓度梯度。 药剂处理后 24h接菌, 将采自田间的马铃薯灰霉病叶在马铃薯苗上方均匀 抖落分生孢子进行接种, 然后将马铃薯苗放入温室中培养。 7d后按照马铃 薯灰霉病的发病分级标准全株调査病情指数, 并计算防治效果, 然后用最 小二乘法计算抑制中浓度 EC5。, 再依孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。 表二: 本发明在防治马铃薯灰霉病上的毒力测试结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1: 10 16.64 91.52 69.02 132.6 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:50 13.23 69.32 166.1 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:25 11.62 131.02 69.91 187.4 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1: 10 10.16 149.91 71.55 209.5 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:5 8.52 178.82 73.93 287.9 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 O 1:1 9.19 165.76 84.36
O 241.9 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 5:1 8.18 186.25 94.79 196.5 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 10:1 8.28 184.01 189.4 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 25:1 9.42 161.73 98.80 163.7 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 50:1 10.56 144.21 99.39 145.1 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 11.30 134.78 99.69 135.2
从表二可知, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清在 1:10(Γ100: 1 的范围内防治小马
D C
铃薯灰霉病, 共毒系数均大于 120, 说明两者在这个范围内的混配均表现 为增益效果, 尤其是当两者的比例在 1:5 时, 增益效果尤为突出。
试验三: 白菜叶斑病的毒力测定
选自长势一致的小白菜苗,每个处理选用 3盆供试叶苗,用 potter 喷 雾塔在 50PSI压力塔喷雾, 每盆大约 5mL, 每个药剂设置 12个浓度梯度。 药剂处理后 24h接菌, 将采自田间的叶斑病叶在白菜苗上方均匀抖落分生 孢子进行接种, 然后将白菜叶苗放入温室中培养。 7d后按照白菜叶斑病的 发病分级标准全株调査病情指数, 并计算防治效果, 然后用最小二乘法计 算抑制中浓度 EC5。, 再依孙云沛法计算共毒系数(CTC)。 表三: 本发明在防治白菜叶斑病上的毒力测试结果
Figure imgf000023_0001
啶酰菌胺 —— 26.13 100 1 1 百菌清 —— 38.03 68.71 1
啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1: 10 26.09 69.02 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:50 22.54 115.91 69.32 167.2 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:25 20.87 125.22 69.91 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1 O: 10 15.17 172.30 71.55
O 240.8 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:5 16.00 163.30 73.93 230.1 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 1:1 15.40 169.64 84.36 220.9 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 5:1 13.71 190.61 94.79
O
啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 10:1 14.20 184 O.01 97.16 189.4 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 25:1 17.11 152.74 98.80 154.6 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 50:1 18.12 144.21 99.39 啶酰菌胺: 百菌清 19.22 135.98 99.69 136.4
O
从表三可知, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清在 1:10(Γ100: 1 的范围内防治白菜 叶斑病, 共毒系数均大于 120, 说明两者在这个范围内的混配均表现为增 益效果, 尤其是当两者的比例在 1:10 时, 增益效果尤为突出。
试验四: 西红柿上霜霉病的毒力测定
选自长势一致的西红柿苗,每个处理选用 3盆供试叶苗,用 potter 喷 雾塔在 50PSI压力塔喷雾, 每盆大约 5mL, 每个药剂设置 12个浓度梯度。 药剂处理后 24h接菌, 将采自田间的霜霉病西红柿树苗叶子在西红柿苗上 方均匀抖落分生孢子进行接种, 然后将西红柿苗放入温室中培养。 7d后按 照西红柿叶子叶斑病的发病分级标准全株调査病情指数, 并计算防治效 果, 然后用最小二乘法计算抑制中浓度 EC5。, 再依孙云沛法计算共毒系数 (CTC)。
表四: 本发明在防治西红柿霜霉病上的毒力测试结果
Figure imgf000025_0001
从表四可知, 啶酰菌胺和百菌清在 1 : 10(Γ100: 1 的范围内防治西红 柿霜霉病, 共毒系数均大于 120, 说明两者在这个范围内的混配均表现为 增益效果, 尤其是当两者的比例在 1 : 1 时, 增益效果尤为突出。 试验 5
当活性化合物组合物的作用超过当各活性化合物单独施用时的作用 的总和时, 存在协同增效作用。 两种活性化合物的特定组合的预期作用可 使用所谓的" Colby 公式〃 (参见 S. R. Colby, "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations " , Weeds
1967, 15, 20-22) 如下计算:如果
X 是当使用用量为 mg/ha 或浓度为 mppm的活性化合物 A时的活性; Y 是当使用用量为 ng/ha或浓度为 nppm 的活性化合物 B时的活性, 表示为占未处理对照的百分率;
E 是当使用用量为 m 和 n g/ha 或浓度为 m 和 n ppm 的活性化合物 A和 B时的活性,
那么
JT-F
如果实际观察的活性(0)大于预期活性(Ε) , 那么该组合物超加和, 即具有增效作用。 以下生物测试例用以说明本发明。但是,本发明并不限于这些实施例。 表五: 对马铃薯灰霉病的防效
Figure imgf000026_0001
对马铃薯灰霉病的保护活性 (见表五) 将盆栽的马铃薯的叶子用具有以下指定的活性化合物浓度的含水悬 浮液喷雾。 第二天将处理的植物接种马铃薯灰霉病的孢子悬浮液。 然后将 盆放在 20-22oC 下的具有高大气湿度(90-95% ) 的室中 24小时。 在次期 间, 孢子发芽并且芽管渗入叶组织中。 第二天, 将测试植物返回至温室中 并在 20-22°C 和 65-70% 相对大气湿度下培育另外 7天。 然后目测叶子上 灰霉菌发展的程度。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种杀真菌混合物,其特征在于:含有活性成分啶酰菌胺和百菌清, 其中啶酰菌胺与百菌清的重量配比为 1 : 100-100 : 1。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 所述啶酰菌胺 与百菌清的重量配比为 1 : 50-50 : 1。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 所述啶酰菌胺 与百菌清的重量配比为 1 : 25-25 : 1。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 其中啶酰菌胺 和百菌清的含量占杀真菌混合物的 5-90%。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 4所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 其中啶酰 菌胺和百菌清的含量占杀真菌混合物的 10-80%。
6. 一种杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 将权利要求 1 中所述的活性化 合物与填充剂和 /或表面活性剂混合。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于: 所述杀真菌混 合物可配制成农业上允许的任意剂型。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的杀真菌混合物, 其特征在于, 所述杀真菌混 合物剂型为悬浮剂、 种衣剂、 可湿性粉剂、 水分散粒剂、 微囊悬浮 剂、 ZC、 包衣颗粒剂、 挤出颗粒剂、 乳油、 微乳剂、 水乳剂、 泡腾 片。
9. 一种防治植物致病菌的方法, 其特征在于, 将权利要求 1中的杀真 菌混合物作用于致病菌和 /或其环境, 或者植物、 植物部位、 种子、 土壤、 区域、 材料或空间中。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的方法, 其特征在于: 啶酰菌胺和百菌清 同时施用、 或分别施用、 或相继施用。
11. 根据权利要求 1 所述的杀真菌混合物用于防治真菌的用途。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的杀真菌混合物用于防治谷类、水果、蔬 经济作物上真菌的用途。
PCT/CN2014/084366 2013-07-15 2014-08-14 一种杀真菌混合物 WO2015007250A1 (zh)

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