WO2014192391A1 - プラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置 - Google Patents
プラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014192391A1 WO2014192391A1 PCT/JP2014/058470 JP2014058470W WO2014192391A1 WO 2014192391 A1 WO2014192391 A1 WO 2014192391A1 JP 2014058470 W JP2014058470 W JP 2014058470W WO 2014192391 A1 WO2014192391 A1 WO 2014192391A1
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- mode
- capacitor
- voltage
- starter
- plug
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- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
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- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N2011/0881—Components of the circuit not provided for by previous groups
- F02N2011/0885—Capacitors, e.g. for additional power supply
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- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
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- F02N2011/0888—DC/DC converters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y10S903/93—Conjoint control of different elements
Definitions
- the voltage of the power storage unit is always controlled to be between the predetermined lower limit voltage and the predetermined holding voltage, and if the vehicle recognizes the driver by the driver authentication means, the power storage unit is fully charged.
- a power storage device having a configuration is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the second clutch 5 is a wet-type multi-plate friction clutch by hydraulic operation that is interposed between the motor / generator 4 and the left and right front wheels 10R and 10L that are driving wheels. Slip fastening / release is controlled.
- the second clutch 5 of the first embodiment uses the forward clutch 5a and the reverse brake 5b provided in the forward / reverse switching mechanism of the belt-type continuously variable transmission 6 using planetary gears. That is, the forward clutch 5 a is the second clutch 5 during forward travel, and the reverse brake 5 b is the second clutch 5 during reverse travel.
- the advance prediction 2 is a condition for predicting in advance a reverse transition to the “CD mode” based on the downhill traveling mileage during downhill traveling in the “CS mode”.
- step S1 ⁇ step S2 ⁇ step S5 ⁇ step
- step S6 the capacitor voltage is higher than the voltage b at which the deterioration does not proceed. Therefore, in the flowchart of FIG. 4, step S1 ⁇ step S2 ⁇ step S5 ⁇ step
- step S7 the capacitor voltage> the voltage b
- step S8 the process proceeds from step S7 to step S8, and as long as the capacitor voltage ⁇ voltage b is maintained, the process proceeds from step S1, step S2, step S5, step S8, and the end.
- step S1 the capacitor voltage is maintained at a voltage b or less at which deterioration does not proceed.
- the high-power battery 21 has a large amount of charge, so that it can happen that the battery SOC can be shifted to the “CD mode”.
- the starter start which is prohibited while the “CS mode” is selected is again permitted. It needs to be charged.
- the starter start permission time is shortened by recharging the capacitor 23 in advance with prior prediction. As a result, it is possible to reduce the time until the starter start permission at the time of reverse transition from the “CS mode” to the “CD mode” while suppressing the deterioration of the capacitor 23 when the ignition is on.
- the reverse transition advance prediction means an example of predicting the transition to the CD mode in advance based on the rising speed of the battery SOC of the high-power battery 21 or the downhill traveling cruising distance during traveling in the CS mode. Indicated.
- the transition to the CD mode is predicted in advance, in other words, while traveling in the CS mode, Any means capable of predicting the transition in advance may be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記強電バッテリへの外部充電が可能であるプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、エンジン始動制御手段と、走行モード選択制御手段と、を設ける。
前記エンジン始動制御手段は、前記キャパシタを電源とするスタータモータを用い、前記エンジンをクランキングしてスタータ始動する。
前記走行モード選択制御手段は、前記強電バッテリの充電容量が閾値以上のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリの電力を消費してEV走行を行うCDモードを選択し、前記強電バッテリの充電容量が閾値未満のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリの充電容量を維持するようにHEV走行を行うCSモードを選択する。
前記逆遷移事前予測手段は、前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの逆遷移を事前に予測する。
前記キャパシタ充放電制御手段は、イグニッションオン時、前記CSモードが選択されているとき、劣化が進行しない電圧以下のキャパシタ電圧を維持し、前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの逆遷移予測が成立した時点で、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧以上まで再充電する。
すなわち、CDモードでのエンジン始動は、基本的にスタータ始動で行い、CSモードでのエンジン始動は、基本的にモータ/ジェネレータを用いたM/G始動で行う。つまり、CSモードの選択中は、スタータ始動準備のためにキャパシタ電圧を高めておく必要がない。一方、CDモードの選択中は、スタータ始動に備えておく必要がある。
したがって、CSモード選択時には、劣化が進行しない電圧以下に維持する。そして、CSモードからCDモードへの逆遷移時には、CDモードへの逆遷移が完了した時点ではなく、逆遷移予測が成立した時点で、スタータ始動許可電圧以上まで再充電する。
この結果、イグニッションオン時、キャパシタの劣化進行を抑制しながら、CSモードからCDモードへの逆遷移時にスタータ始動許可までの時間を短縮することができる。
実施例1の制御装置が適用されたFFプラグインハイブリッド車両(プラグインハイブリッド車両の一例)の構成を、「駆動システム構成」、「電源システム構成」、「制御システム構成」、「キャパシタ充放電制御の詳細構成」に分けて説明する。
図1はFFプラグインハイブリッド車両の全体を示す。以下、図1に基づいて、FFプラグインハイブリッド車両の駆動システム構成を説明する。
図1はFFプラグインハイブリッド車両の全体システムを示し、図2はスタータ電源を中心とする電源システム構成を示す。以下、図1及び図2に基づいて、FFプラグインハイブリッド車両の電源システム構成を説明する。
図1はFFプラグインハイブリッド車両の全体システムを示し、図2はスタータ電源を中心とする電源システム構成を示し、図3は制御システム構成を示す。以下、図1~図3に基づいて、FFプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御システム構成を説明する。
(A)エンジン始動後からスタータ始動許可までの時間短縮制御。
(B)イグニッションオンからスタータ始動許可までの時間短縮制御。
(C)キャパシタ23の劣化進行抑制制御(実施例1)。
(D)キャパシタ23の高温/低温時対策制御。
(E)車両用補機の電圧瞬低防止制御。
図4はハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81にて実行されるキャパシタ充放電制御処理流れを示す(キャパシタ充放電制御手段)。以下、キャパシタ充放電制御処理構成をあらわす図4の各ステップについて説明する。
ここで、「スタータ始動許可電圧a」は、例えば、実施例1の満充電でキャパシタ電圧が13.5Vのキャパシタ23の場合、スタータ始動の所要時間が目標時間内になる12.5V程度に設定される。
このキャパシタ23の再充電の場合、充電電流として、キャパシタ劣化を抑える通常の電流1(例えば、15A)を選択し、電流1によるキャパシタ23の再充電を行う。
ここで、「劣化が進行しない電圧b」は、例えば、実施例1の満充電でキャパシタ電圧が13.5Vのキャパシタ23の場合、内部抵抗の増加による劣化の進行が抑えられる6.0V程度に設定される。
ここで、キャパシタ強制放電は、例えば、通常の放電電流である電流3により行われる。
ここで、「劣化が進行しない電圧b」は、ステップS5と同じ電圧値が用いられる。
ここで、事前予測1は、「CSモード」による走行中、強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCの上昇速度に基づき、「CDモード」への逆遷移を事前に予測する条件である。具体的には、強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCが上昇しているとき、現時点の上昇速度が保たれると仮定し、現時点から「CSモード」→「CDモード」のモード切り替え閾値(例えば、25%)を横切るまでに要する時間を推定する。そして、モード切り替え閾値を横切るまでの推定時間が、キャパシタ再充電に要する時間に基づく設定時間内のとき、逆遷移の事前予測条件が成立であると判断する。
事前予測2は、「CSモード」による下り坂走行中、下り坂走行航続距離に基づき、「CDモード」への逆遷移を事前に予測する条件である。具体的には、下り坂走行であると判定されたとき、現時点からの下り坂走行航続距離により、「CSモード」→「CDモード」のモード切り替え閾値(例えば、25%)を横切るか否かを推定する。そして、このまま下り坂走行を続ければモード切り替え閾値を横切ると推定されると、逆遷移の事前予測条件が成立であると判断する。なお、下り坂判定は、例えば、前後加速度センサからの前後加速度情報に基づき推定され、下り坂走行航続距離は、例えば、自車位置を示すGPS情報と道路情報に基づき取得される。
このキャパシタ23の再充電の場合、充電電流として、例えば、電流1(例えば、15A)よりも高い電流2(例えば、20A)を選択し、電流2によるキャパシタ23の再充電を行う。
ここで、「スタータ始動許可電圧a」は、ステップS3と同じ値に設定される。
実施例1のFFプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置における作用を、[キャパシタ電源回路構成による特徴作用]、[キャパシタ電源による充放電作用]、[イグニッションオン時のキャパシタ充放電制御作用]に分けて説明する。
例えば、アイドルストップ車において、スタータモータの電源を12Vバッテリとする場合、電源回路構成は、実施例1のキャパシタ電源回路構成からDLCユニット45とヒューズ40を除いた構成とされ、これを比較例とする。
上記キャパシタ電源回路に対しハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81により行われる「スタータモータ1によるエンジン始動制御作用」、「キャパシタ23への充電制御作用」、「キャパシタ23からの放電制御作用」を説明する。
したがって、スタータモータ1によるエンジン始動制御は、原則として、スタータ始動許可条件下でのスタータ始動指令によりHEV/IS/リレー60が通電されている間、キャパシタ23の電力を用いてスタータモータ1が駆動し、横置きエンジン2を始動させる。
したがって、キャパシタ23への充電制御は、充電指令が出力されている間、強電バッテリ21からの電力を用い、選択されているキャパシタ充電電流によりキャパシタ23を充電する。
したがって、キャパシタ23への強制放電制御は、強制放電指令に基づいて強制放電用スイッチ48を閉としている間、キャパシタ23の電力を抵抗熱に変換し、自然放電よりも短時間にて放電を行う。なお、キャパシタ放電電流としては、電流3を基本電流とし、例外として、電流3より大きい電流4を有する。
したがって、キャパシタ23への強制放電制御は、放電指令が出力されている間、強電バッテリ21から、選択されているキャパシタ放電電流により放電する。
上記のように、外部充電が可能なFFプラグインハイブリッド車両を高い燃費効率で走らせることを目的とし、強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCに基づいて走行モード選択制御が行われる。この走行モード選択制御では、強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCがフルSOCから設定SOC(=閾値)まで低下する間において、原則として、強電バッテリ21の電力を消費するEV走行を優先する「CDモード」が選択される。そして、強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCが設定SOC(=閾値)以下になると、原則として、強電バッテリ21の電力を維持するHEV走行を優先する「CSモード」が選択される。さらに、「CDモード」の選択中における横置きエンジン2の始動は、スタータモータ1による始動(スタータ始動)を基本とし、「CSモード」の選択中における横置きエンジン2の始動は、モータ/ジェネレータ4による始動(M/G始動)を基本とする。
すなわち、通常であれば「CSモード」では強電バッテリ21のバッテリSOCを維持するため、「CSモード」から「CDモード」への逆遷移は起こり得ない。但し、高い山から平地に向かうような長い下り坂等で回生をし続けた場合は、強電バッテリ21への充電量が大きいため、「CDモード」へ移行できるバッテリSOCまで回復することが起こり得る。こういった「CSモード」→「CDモード」の逆遷移に伴い、「CSモード」選択中においては禁止しているスタータ始動が再度許可されるため、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧aまで再充電する必要がある。しかし、「CDモード」への遷移が完了してからキャパシタ23の再充電を行ったのでは、即スタータ始動要求があっても対応できない。これに対し、事前予測をもって予めキャパシタ23を再充電しておくことで、スタータ始動許可時間が短縮される。
この結果、イグニッションオン時、キャパシタ23の劣化進行を抑制しながら、「CSモード」から「CDモード」への逆遷移時にスタータ始動許可までの時間を短縮することができる。
すなわち、「CDモード」の選択時には、スタータ始動を優先するキャパシタ電圧(スタータ始動許可電圧a以上)を維持している。
したがって、イグニッションオン時、「CDモード」が選択されているとき、スタータ始動要求に応答良く対応することができる。
すなわち、スタータ始動許可電圧a以上から劣化が進行しない電圧b以下までは、キャパシタ電圧の乖離幅が大きくなり、自然放電によりキャパシタ電圧が低下するまで待つと長時間を要する。
これに対し、「CDモード」から「CSモード」への遷移に伴い、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧a以上から劣化が進行しない電圧b以下まで低下させる際、強制放電を用いたことで、キャパシタ電圧を、劣化が進行しない電圧b以下まで早期に低下させることで、キャパシタ劣化の進行を抑えることができる。
実施例1のFFプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置にあっては、下記に列挙する効果を得ることができる。
電源システムとして、前記モータ/ジェネレータ4の電源である強電バッテリ21と、前記スタータモータ1の電源であるキャパシタ23と、前記キャパシタ23の充放電を制御するキャパシタ充放電制御手段(ハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81)と、を備え、前記強電バッテリ21への外部充電が可能なプラグインハイブリッド車両(FFプラグインハイブリッド車両)の制御装置において、
前記キャパシタ23を電源とするスタータモータ1を用い、前記エンジン(横置きエンジン2)をクランキングしてスタータ始動するエンジン始動制御手段(ハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81)と、
前記強電バッテリ21の充電容量(バッテリSOC)が閾値以上のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリ21の電力を消費してEV走行を行うCDモードを選択し、前記強電バッテリ21の充電容量(バッテリSOC)が閾値未満のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリ21の充電容量(バッテリSOC)を維持するようにHEV走行を行うCSモードを選択する走行モード選択制御手段(ハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81)と、
前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの遷移を事前に予測する逆遷移事前予測手段(図4のステップS8)と、を設け、
前記キャパシタ充放電制御手段(ハイブリッドコントロールモジュール81)は、イグニッションオン時、前記CSモードが選択されているとき、劣化が進行しない電圧b以下のキャパシタ電圧を維持し、前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの逆遷移予測が成立した時点で、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧a以上まで再充電する(図4)。
このため、イグニッションオン時、キャパシタ23の劣化進行を抑制しながら、「CSモード」から「CDモード」への逆遷移時にスタータ始動許可までの時間を短縮することができる。
このため、(1)の効果に加え、イグニッションオン時、「CDモード」が選択されているとき、スタータ始動要求に応答良く対応することができる。
このため、(1)又は(2)の効果に加え、「CDモード」から「CSモード」への遷移時、キャパシタ電圧を、劣化が進行しない電圧b以下まで早期に低下させることで、キャパシタ劣化の進行を抑えることができる。
このため、(1)~(3)の効果に加え、短い時間であるが高い回生量により強電バッテリ21の充電容量(バッテリSOC)が上昇するとき、精度良く「CDモード」への遷移を事前に予測することができる。
このため、(1)~(3)の効果に加え、強電バッテリ21の充電容量(バッテリSOC)の上昇速度は小さいが、長い時間にわたって回生が続く下り坂走行時、精度良く「CDモード」への遷移を事前に予測することができる。
Claims (5)
- 駆動系にスタータモータとエンジンとモータ/ジェネレータを有し、
電源システムとして、前記モータ/ジェネレータの電源である強電バッテリと、前記スタータモータの電源であるキャパシタと、前記キャパシタの充放電を制御するキャパシタ充放電制御手段と、を備え、前記強電バッテリへの外部充電が可能なプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、
前記キャパシタを電源とするスタータモータを用い、前記エンジンをクランキングしてスタータ始動するエンジン始動制御手段と、
前記強電バッテリの充電容量が閾値以上のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリの電力を消費してEV走行を行うCDモードを選択し、前記強電バッテリの充電容量が閾値未満のとき、原則として前記強電バッテリの充電容量を維持するようにHEV走行を行うCSモードを選択する走行モード選択制御手段と、
前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの遷移を事前に予測する逆遷移事前予測手段と、を設け、
前記キャパシタ充放電制御手段は、イグニッションオン時、前記CSモードが選択されているとき、劣化が進行しない電圧以下のキャパシタ電圧を維持し、前記CSモードから前記CDモードへの逆遷移予測が成立した時点で、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧以上まで再充電する
ことを特徴とするプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 請求項1に記載されたプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、
前記キャパシタ充放電制御手段は、イグニッションオン時、前記CDモードが選択されているとき、スタータ始動許可電圧以上のキャパシタ電圧を維持する
ことを特徴とするプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 請求項1又は2に記載されたプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、
前記キャパシタ充放電制御手段は、イグニッションオン時、前記CDモードから前記CSモードへ遷移すると、キャパシタ電圧を、スタータ始動許可電圧以上から劣化が進行しない電圧以下になるまで強制放電する
ことを特徴とするプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 請求項1から3までの何れか一項に記載されたプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、
前記逆遷移事前予測手段は、前記CSモードによる走行中、前記強電バッテリの充電容量の上昇速度に基づき、前記CDモードへの遷移を事前に予測する
ことを特徴とするプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置。 - 請求項1から3までの何れか一項に記載されたプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置において、
前記逆遷移事前予測手段は、前記CSモードによる下り坂走行中、下り坂走行航続距離に基づき、前記CDモードへの遷移を事前に予測する
ことを特徴とするプラグインハイブリッド車両の制御装置。
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- 2014-03-26 EP EP14804327.6A patent/EP3006291B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-03-26 US US14/787,556 patent/US9561792B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3006291B1 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
EP3006291A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
CN105246750B (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
US20160107635A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
CN105246750A (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
US9561792B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
EP3006291A4 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
JPWO2014192391A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
JP5967304B2 (ja) | 2016-08-10 |
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