WO2014188948A1 - ジアルキルポリスルフィド、ジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法、極圧添加剤及び潤滑流体組成物 - Google Patents
ジアルキルポリスルフィド、ジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法、極圧添加剤及び潤滑流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014188948A1 WO2014188948A1 PCT/JP2014/062935 JP2014062935W WO2014188948A1 WO 2014188948 A1 WO2014188948 A1 WO 2014188948A1 JP 2014062935 W JP2014062935 W JP 2014062935W WO 2014188948 A1 WO2014188948 A1 WO 2014188948A1
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- dialkyl polysulfide
- dialkyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
- C10M135/22—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C319/14—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides
- C07C319/16—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of sulfides by addition of hydrogen sulfide or its salts to unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C321/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
- C07C321/12—Sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides having thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C321/14—Sulfides, hydropolysulfides, or polysulfides having thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
- C10N2060/10—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by sulfur or a compound containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
Definitions
- the present invention is a dialkyl that can be suitably used as an extreme pressure additive that can be added to lubricating oils in a wide range of addition amounts, can form a metal sulfide film effectively on a metal surface, and does not easily cause corrosion on the metal surface.
- the present invention relates to a polysulfide, a method for producing the dialkyl polysulfide, an extreme pressure additive containing the dialkyl polysulfide, and a lubricating fluid composition containing the same.
- extreme pressure additives have been used in lubricating fluid compositions such as cutting oil, plastic working oil, gear oil, sliding surface oil, and grease to prevent friction between metals, wear reduction, and seizure.
- the extreme pressure additive include chlorine-containing organic compounds such as chlorinated paraffins and chlorinated fatty acid esters: sulfur-containing organic compounds such as sulfurized oils and fats, dialkyl polysulfides including sulfurized olefins, and the like. Dialkyl polysulfides are widely used because the sulfur content of the pressure additive can be increased, the solubility in the base oil is high, and more sulfur can be added to the base oil.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is an extreme pressure additive which can be added to a lubricating fluid in a wide range of addition amounts, and which forms a metal sulfide film effectively on the metal surface and hardly causes corrosion of the metal surface.
- the present invention provides a dialkyl polysulfide that can be suitably used as a dialkyl polysulfide and a method for producing the dialkyl polysulfide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an extreme pressure additive containing the dialkyl polysulfide and a lubricating fluid composition containing the same.
- the present invention provides a lubricating fluid composition comprising the extreme pressure additive.
- the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention hardly corrodes the metal surface even when added in a large amount to the lubricating fluid, and can form a metal sulfide film on the metal surface effectively even when added in a small amount. It is effective as a high-performance extreme pressure additive that can be used in an amount.
- the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention can be efficiently provided by the production method of the present invention.
- the polydialkyl sulfide of the present invention has the following general formula (1)
- the sum of the content of the compound in which n is 2 in the general formula (1) and the content of the compound in which n is 3 in the general formula (1) is the general formula (1 )
- the dialkyl monosulfide having low reactivity with the metal or the content of dialkyl tetrasulfide having high corrosivity on the metal surface is not preferable.
- the content can be used in a wide range of addition amounts, hardly cause corrosion of the metal surface, can form a metal sulfide film on the metal surface effectively even with a small amount of addition, and is easily obtained. Is preferably 100 to 100% by mass, more preferably 85 to 95% by mass, and still more preferably 90 to 95% by mass.
- examples of R 1 and R 2 include a linear alkyl group and a branched alkyl group.
- the linear alkyl group include n-butane, n-pentane, n-octane, n-decane, n-dodecane, n-hexanedecane, n-octadecane, and a mixture thereof.
- the branched alkyl group include 3-methylpentane, 4-methylheptane, 5-methylundecane, and 3,6-dimethylhexanedecane.
- the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention can be suitably obtained, for example, by the production method of the present invention including the following steps.
- First step A step of obtaining a dialkyl polysulfide (A) by reacting a linear 1-olefin compound (a) with sulfur in the presence of hydrogen sulfide.
- Second step a step of reducing the number of sulfur atoms in the polydialkyl sulfide (A) by reacting the dialkyl polysulfide compound (A) with an alkali metal sulfide.
- Examples of the branched 1-olefin having a branched structure other than the terminal include 3-methylpentene, 4-methylheptene, 5-methylundecene, 3,6-dimethylhexanedecene, and mixtures thereof.
- linear 1-olefins are preferable because they are easily available industrially and the reaction with sulfur easily proceeds.
- linear 1-olefins olefin compounds having 6 to 22 carbon atoms are preferable, and olefin compounds having 8 to 20 carbon atoms are more preferable because they have a low pour point and can maintain a liquid state at room temperature. Further, an olefin compound having 8 to 14 carbon atoms is more preferable.
- the hydrogen sulfide (a3) is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use one having a purity of 99 mol% or more from the viewpoint of obtaining the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention having a high purity.
- Dicyclohexylamine and various isomers thereof, methylenediamine, ethylenediamine, 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, etc., diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tripropylenetetramine, tetrae Renpentamine, tetrapropylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, nonaethylenedecane, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, etc., tetra (aminomethyl) methane, tetrakis (2-aminoethylaminomethyl) methane, etc
- an alkali metal hydroxide is preferable because the yield of the dialkyl polysulfide (A) is high and it can be separated and removed from the reaction system by a simple method such as distillation or aeration after the reaction.
- Sodium oxide is more preferred.
- the amount of the basic catalyst used is appropriately selected depending on the desired reaction rate, but is preferably a smaller amount within a range not deteriorating the reactivity, and the total mass of the olefin compound (a) and sulfur.
- the content is preferably 0.05 to 1.0% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by mass.
- Examples of the cyclic amides include N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylpropyleneurea, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and the like.
- Examples of the linear amides include N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, diethylformamide, tetramethylurea and the like.
- Examples of the amines include triethylamine, pyridine, tributylamine and the like.
- cyclic amides are preferable, and N-methylpyrrolidone is more preferable.
- the amount of basic solvent used in the first step is preferably 0.5 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 5% by mass, based on the olefin compound (a).
- the ratio of the olefin compound (a) and sulfur used is such that 0.5 to 2 moles of sulfur per mole of olefin (a) is a polysulfide content of tetrasulfide or higher in the dialkyl polysulfide (A). Is preferable, and 0.7 to 1.8 mol is more preferable.
- the ratio of the olefin compound (a) and hydrogen sulfide used is 0.3 to 0.8 moles of hydrogen sulfide per mole of the olefin (a). It is preferable because the amount of the reaction olefin can be reduced, and 0.4 to 0.7 mol is more preferable.
- the reaction temperature when the terminal 1-olefin compound (a) having a linear end and sulfur are reacted in the presence of hydrogen sulfide is, for example, 50 to 150 ° C., preferably 60 to 130 ° C.
- the 1-olefin compound (a) having a linear end and sulfur are reacted in the presence of hydrogen sulfide, and the amount of dialkyl monosulfide is effectively reduced by maintaining the reaction system at a high temperature.
- the temperature of the reaction system at the time of holding is preferably 150 to 250 ° C., more preferably 160 to 200 ° C.
- the holding time is preferably 1 to 72 hours and more preferably 5 to 48 hours since the content of dialkyl disulfide can be easily increased to 80% or more.
- the dialkyl polysulfide (A) obtained in the first step is reacted with an alkali metal sulfide to reduce the number of sulfur atoms in the polydialkyl sulfide (A). .
- the number of sulfur atoms is reduced from the sulfur chain in the dialkyl polysulfide (A) to obtain the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention.
- alkali metal sulfide examples include sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, sodium polysulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, and potassium hydrosulfide.
- sodium sulfide is preferable because the effect of reducing the number of sulfur-reduced atoms from the sulfur chain in the dialkyl polysulfide (A) is high and the dialkyl polysulfide of the present invention can be obtained efficiently.
- the amount of the alkali metal sulfide used is 5 with respect to 100 parts by mass of the dialkyl polysulfide (A) because the effect of reducing the number of sulfur depletion atoms from the sulfur chain in the dialkyl polysulfide (A) is high. -50 parts by mass is preferable, and 10-45 parts by mass is more preferable.
- Examples of the reaction solvent for performing the second step include alcohols, cyclic amides, linear amides and the like.
- the alcohols include methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, n-butanol, iso-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, n-pentanol, iso-pentanol, and 2-methylbutanol.
- Ethylene glycol 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 2,4-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 2,4-heptanediol, 2
- Polyhydric alcohol solvents such as ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tripropylene glycol;
- Examples of the cyclic amide include N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylpropyleneurea, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and the like.
- linear amides examples include N, N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, diethylformamide, tetramethylurea and the like.
- the solvent may be one kind or a plurality may be used in combination. Further, it may be used in combination with another solvent that dissolves the alkali metal sulfide, for example, a ketone solvent such as water or acetone, or a polar solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide.
- a ketone solvent such as water or acetone
- a polar solvent such as dimethyl sulfoxide.
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably 50 to 300% by mass, more preferably 80 to 250% by mass, based on the mass of the alkali metal sulfide.
- the dialkyl polysulfide (A) when the dialkyl polysulfide (A) is obtained by reacting the olefin compound (a) and sulfur in the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of a solvent, various methods such as distillation and washing with water are performed.
- the dialkyl polysulfide (A) can be recovered by the method, and the reaction can be carried out again in an appropriate solvent system in the second step.
- the temperature of the reaction system in the second step is preferably 40 to 120 ° C., more preferably 50 to 100 ° C., because it can effectively increase the disulfide and trisulfide contents and suppress side reactions such as decomposition.
- the reaction time is usually 1 to 36 hours, more preferably 5 to 24 hours.
- a by-product into a reaction solvent layer such as an alcohol layer by including a basic compound in the reaction system.
- the basic compound include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and aluminum hydroxide. Of these, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide are preferred because of their high solubility in alcohol solvents.
- the amount of the basic compound used is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the dialkyl polysulfide (A) because the solubility in the alcohol solvent is maintained. preferable.
- the by-product is added to a reaction solvent layer such as an alcohol layer in the same manner as when a basic compound is contained in the reaction system by using an alkali metal hydrosulfide together with an alkali metal sulfide.
- a reaction solvent layer such as an alcohol layer
- the alkali metal hydrosulfide include sodium hydrosulfide, potassium hydrosulfide, lithium hydrosulfide, rubidium hydrosulfide, and cesium hydrosulfide. Of these, sodium hydrosulfide is preferably used.
- These alkali metal hydrosulfides can be used as hydrates or aqueous mixtures, aqueous solutions or in the form of anhydrides. Further, alkali metal hydrosulfide is more preferably used in combination with a basic compound.
- the dialkylpolysulfide of the present invention that is, n in the above general formula (1) is 2, by separating by a conventional method and separating the solid content by furnace or distilling and separating the volatile matter.
- a dialkyl polysulfide is obtained when the sum of the content of the compound and the content of the compound having n of 3 in the general formula (1) is 80 to 100% by mass relative to the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (1). be able to.
- the content of compounds having different n can be determined from the peak area of a chart obtained by high performance liquid chromatograph (hereinafter abbreviated as “HPLC”) measurement.
- HPLC high performance liquid chromatograph
- the lubricating fluid composition of the present invention is characterized by containing the extreme pressure additive of the present invention and a base oil.
- the base oil is not limited in any way, and can be appropriately selected from mineral oil and synthetic oil according to the purpose of use and conditions of use.
- the mineral oil include, for example, distillate obtained by subjecting paraffin-based crude oil, intermediate-based crude oil, and naphthene-based crude oil to atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation of the residue after atmospheric distillation, or solvent purification, water
- Examples include refined oils obtained by refining such as refining, dewaxing, and clay treatment.
- Examples of the synthetic oil include low molecular weight polybutene, low molecular weight polypropylene, ⁇ -olefin oligomers having 8 to 14 carbon atoms and hydrides thereof, trimethylolpropane fatty acid ester, polyol ester such as pentaerythritol fatty acid ester, Examples include ester compounds such as dibasic acid esters, aromatic polycarboxylic acid esters, and phosphoric acid esters, alkylaromatic compounds such as alkylbenzene and alkylnaphthalene, polyglycol oils such as polyalkylene glycol, and silicone oils. It can use individually or in combination of 2 or more types as appropriate.
- the lubricating fluid composition of the present invention can be used as a grease by further containing a thickener.
- a thickener examples include soaps such as metal soaps and composite soaps, and ureas. When these thickeners are used, it is preferable to mix them with the base oil in advance and homogenize them.
- foaming agent neutral and basic sulfonate and phenate (metal salt type), succinimide, ester, benzylamine copolymer polymer, etc. as cleaning dispersant ;
- Pour point depressants include chlorinated paraffin and naphthalene or phenol.
- the lubricating fluid composition is obtained by uniformly blending the dialkyl polyolefin, the base oil, a thickener and other additives blended as necessary, and the blending method is particularly limited. However, at this time, it is possible to heat to 30 to 60 ° C. for homogenization.
- the lubricating fluid composition of the present invention can reduce the degree of swelling of a gearbox used in gear oil sealant (chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc.) as compared with conventional products. It can also be suitably used for applications that come into contact with the agent.
- gear oil sealant chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc.
- Example 1 (Preparation of dialkyl polysulfide) A 1 liter autoclave equipped with a heating device, a hydrogen sulfide blowing tube and a hydrogen sulfide absorption device was charged with 320 g of 1-decene, 73 g of powdered sulfur, 0.1 g of potassium hydroxide and 4 g of butyl carbitol. After sealing the autoclave, the inside of the reaction vessel was depressurized to ⁇ 0.1 MPa or less with a vacuum pump and vacuum deaerated. Then, it heated until internal temperature became 120 degreeC.
- Example 4 (same as above) A dialkyl polysulfide (4) of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 409 g of 1-tetradecene was used instead of 320 g of 1-decene.
- the pyrolysis temperature of was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 (same as above) A dialkyl polysulfide (6) of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 9.1 g of N-methylpyrrolidone was used together with 320 g of 1-decene.
- the pyrolysis temperature of was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
で表され、該一般式(1)中のnが2である化合物の含有率と一般式(1)中のnが3である化合物の含有率との合計が、一般式(1)で表される化合物の全量に対して80~100質量%であることを特徴とするジアルキルポリスルフィドを提供するものである。
で表され、該一般式(1)中のnが2である化合物の含有率と一般式(1)中のnが3である化合物の含有率の合計が、一般式(1)で表される化合物の全量に対して80~100質量%であることを特徴とする。
第一工程:末端が線状の1-オレフィン化合物(a)と硫黄とを硫化水素の存在下で反応させてジアルキルポリスルフィド(A)を得る工程。
第二工程:前記ジアルキルポリスルフィド化合物(A)と、アルカリ金属の硫化物とを反応させて、該ポリジアルキルスルフィド(A)中の硫黄原子数を減少させる工程。
以下、各工程について、詳細に説明する。
測定装置:株式会社島津製作所製LC-06A
カラム:INTERSIL-C8 4.5μm 250mm×4.6mm
検出器:UV210nm
溶出液:アセトニトリル/水(体積比)=85/15、流量 1ml/min
加温装置、硫化水素吹き込み管および硫化水素吸収装置を搭載した1リットルのオートクレーブに、1-デセン320g、粉末硫黄73g、水酸化カリウム0.1g及びブチルカルビトール4gを仕込んだ。オートクレーブを密閉した後、反応容器内を真空ポンプにて-0.1MPa以下まで減圧し真空脱気した。その後、内部温度が120℃になるまで加温した。ここに硫化水素ガス(純度99.9モル%)43gを圧力6kg/cm2で20時間を要して吹き込み、更に、180℃に昇温後24時間保持した。その後、40℃まで冷却してから、硫化水素吸収装置に接続した弁を開けて圧力を常圧に戻し、吹き込み管から空気を吹き込んで、残留する硫化水素を留去し、粗硫化オレフィンを得た。粗硫化オレフィン430gにエチレングリコール72g、硫化ナトリウム73g及び水酸化ナトリウム4gを加え、60℃で10時間反応させた。反応後、下層のエチレングリコール層を分液除去し上層部にある淡黄色のジアルキルポリスルフィド(1)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(1)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(1)の熱分解温度を第1表に表す。尚、熱分解温度の測定は、下記方法により行った。
測定器:株式会社リガク製熱重量分析器
昇温速度:20℃/min
1-デセン320gのかわりに1-オクテン249gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(2)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(2)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(2)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
1-デセン320gのかわりに1-ドデセン356gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(3)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(3)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(3)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
1-デセン320gのかわりに1-テトラデセン409gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(4)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(4)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(4)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
1-デセン320gのかわりに出光興産株式会社製のリニアレン168〔一般式(1)で表される化合物においてアルキル鎖〔R1-CH(CH3)-、R2-CH(CH3)-〕の鎖長が16~18である1-オレフィンの混合物〕505gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(5)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(5)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(5)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
1-デセン320gと共にN-メチルピロリドン9.1gを使用した以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(6)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(5)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(6)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
(※1):出光興産製のリニアレン168〔一般式(1)で表される化合物においてアルキル鎖(R1-CH(CH3)-、R2-CH(CH3)-)の鎖長が16~18である1-オレフィンの混合物〕
加温装置、硫化水素吹き込み管および硫化水素吸収装置を搭載した1リットルのオートクレーブに、1-デセン320g、粉末硫黄73g、水酸化カリウム0.1g及びブチルカルビトール4gを仕込んだ。オートクレーブを密閉した後、反応容器内を真空ポンプにて-0.1MPa以下まで減圧し真空脱気した。その後、内部温度が120℃になるまで加温した。ここに硫化水素ガス(純度99.9モル%)43gを圧力6kg/cm2で20時間を要して吹き込み、更に、180℃に昇温後24時間保持した。その後、40℃まで冷却してから、硫化水素吸収装置に接続した弁を開けて圧力を常圧に戻し、吹き込み管から空気を吹き込んで、残留する硫化水素を留去し、比較対照用ジアルキルポリスルフィド(1´)を得た。比較対照用ジアルキルポリスルフィド(1´)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及び比較対照用ジアルキルポリスルフィド(1´)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第2表に表す。
硫化水素吹き込み後に昇温せず直ちに40℃に冷却した以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明のジアルキルポリスルフィド(2´)を得た。ジアルキルポリスルフィド(5)中の総硫黄含有率、活性硫黄含有率、上記一般式(1)においてnが2であるジアルキルポリスルフィドとnが3であるジアルキルポリスルフィドの合計の含有量及びジアルキルポリスルフィド(2´)の熱分解温度を実施例1と同様に測定した。測定結果を第1表に表す。
40℃における粘度が11mm2/sの鉱物油に、ジアルキルポリスルフィド(1)を含有率が5質量%となるように混合し、本発明の潤滑流体組成物(1)を得た。この潤滑流体(1)を用いて、金属表面の腐食性と、金属表面への金属硫化物の被膜の形成性を下記方法に従って評価した。評価結果を第3表に示す。
JIS K2513に定める方法で銅板腐食試験を行い、銅板表面の腐食状態を確認した。試験条件は100℃3時間とした。
ASTM D-2783に定める方法に従い、シェル式四球試験機を用いて融着荷重を測定した。
第3表及び第4表に示す配合割合とした以外は実施例7と同様にして潤滑流体組成物(2)~(10)を得た。実施例7と同様の評価を行い、その結果を第3表及び第4表に示す。
第5表に示す配合割合とした以外は実施例7と同様にして比較対照用潤滑流体組成物(1´)~(6´)を得た。実施例7と同様の評価を行い、その結果を第5表に示す。
Claims (14)
- 前記一般式(1)中のnが2である化合物の含有率と一般式(1)中のnが3である化合物の含有率との合計が、一般式(1)で表される化合物の全量に対して85~95質量%である請求項1記載のジアルキルポリスルフィド。
- 前記R1、R2が、それぞれ炭素原子数4~20の直鎖状アルキル基である請求項1記載のジアルキルポリスルフィド。
- 末端が線状の1-オレフィン化合物(a)と硫黄とを硫化水素の存在下で反応させてジアルキルポリスルフィド(A)を得る第一工程と、前記ジアルキルポリスルフィド化合物(A)とアルカリ金属の硫化物とを反応させて、該ポリジアルキルスルフィド(A)中の硫黄原子数を減少させる第二工程とを含むことを特徴とするジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記末端が線状の1-オレフィン化合物(a)が、炭素原子数6~22のオレフィン化合物である請求項4記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記第一工程を塩基性溶媒の存在下で行う請求項4記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記第一工程において、末端が線状の1-オレフィン化合物(a)と硫黄とを硫化水素の存在下で反応させた後、反応系を160~200℃で、5~48時間保持する請求項4記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記第二工程をアルコール溶媒の存在下で行う請求項4記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記アルカリ金属の硫化物が硫化ナトリウムである請求項4記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記第二工程を塩基性化合物の存在下で行う請求項8記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記塩基性化合物が水酸化ナトリウムである請求項10記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 前記第二工程をアルカリ金属の水硫化物の存在下で行う請求項8記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドの製造方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載のジアルキルポリスルフィドを含有することを特徴とする極圧添加剤。
- 請求項13記載の極圧添加剤と基油を含有することを特徴とする潤滑流体組成物。
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