WO2014162959A1 - 低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル - Google Patents
低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014162959A1 WO2014162959A1 PCT/JP2014/058673 JP2014058673W WO2014162959A1 WO 2014162959 A1 WO2014162959 A1 WO 2014162959A1 JP 2014058673 W JP2014058673 W JP 2014058673W WO 2014162959 A1 WO2014162959 A1 WO 2014162959A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
- H02K3/38—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation around winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor used for a low-voltage inverter drive motor driven by an inverter power source under a low voltage of less than 700 V AC.
- a motor used in automobiles, industrial equipment, and the like includes a coil formed by winding an insulated wire having a conductive wire and an insulating coating layer (insulator) provided by coating resin around the conductive wire. ing.
- a partial discharge is generated mainly between the wires (between the insulating coating layer and the insulating coating layer) or between the ground (between the insulating coating layer and the conductive wire) depending on the applied voltage. If there is a minute gap in the insulating coating layer of the insulated wire or between the conductive wire and the insulating coating layer, the partial discharge occurs when the electric field concentrates in the gap and the electric field strength in the gap increases.
- the charged particles collide with the insulating coating layer, resulting in molecular chain scission of the insulating coating layer and heat generation of the insulating coating layer.
- the insulating coating layer is thinned by erosion of the insulating coating layer.
- the insulating coating layer deteriorates.
- the insulated wire may eventually lead to dielectric breakdown.
- motors also referred to as inverter drive motors or inverter control motors
- inverter drive motors or inverter control motors
- inverter control motors motors used in automobiles and industrial equipment. Things are increasing.
- the motor is exposed to a high voltage pulse with a short rise time, and thus a steep overvoltage (inverter surge voltage) may be applied to the insulated wire or coil.
- This inverter surge voltage increases the electric field strength in the above-mentioned air gap, and partial discharge may occur in the insulated wire or coil.
- the insulated wire may cause dielectric breakdown.
- the insulated electric wire of the coil used for the inverter drive motor is required to have resistance (hereinafter referred to as “surge resistance”) that dielectric breakdown hardly occurs when the motor is driven using the inverter power supply. .
- Surge resistance is closely related to the life of the motor and is an important characteristic for ensuring motor quality.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 2
- a predetermined impulse voltage is applied to the rotating machine to inspect and diagnose whether partial discharge occurs.
- a voltage at which partial discharge occurs is measured while gradually increasing the impulse voltage applied to the rotating machine, and an inspection diagnosis is performed to determine whether this voltage is higher than the operating voltage of the rotating machine.
- coils such as motor coils used in automobiles (vehicles), to which the standards disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2 are not applied at present.
- the insulation performance of the coil used in the motor is designed based on the same idea as the standards disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2. It is considered a thing.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a coil having an insulation performance that does not allow partial discharge in the coil until the motor warranty period elapses is designed. That is, even when impulse voltage is applied repeatedly or after the combined deterioration assumed throughout the life of the motor, partial discharge must not occur in the coil, or the part of the insulated wire that forms the coil This is a coil design having an insulation performance in which the discharge start voltage must not drop below the operating voltage of the rotating machine.
- a coil is designed that has an insulation performance that allows a predetermined partial discharge or that the partial discharge start voltage may be lower than the operating voltage of the rotating machine by a predetermined amount. That is, Non-Patent Document 2 is a design of a coil having an insulation performance that allows a weak partial discharge to such an extent that an insulated wire does not cause dielectric breakdown even within the warranty period of the motor.
- a coil used for a motor driven by an inverter power supply of less than AC 700 V (hereinafter also referred to as “low voltage inverter drive motor”) has an insulating performance based on Non-Patent Document 1. That is, normally, the coil for a low voltage inverter drive motor used for the low voltage inverter drive motor is designed to have an insulation performance in which partial discharge does not occur until the guarantee period of the motor elapses.
- the coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor will be increasingly required to have an insulation performance that does not cause a dielectric breakdown even if a partial discharge occurs under unexpected conditions within the warranty period of the motor. is expected.
- the present invention provides a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor that solves the above-described problems and has an insulation performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown even when partial discharge occurs within the warranty period of the motor. Objective.
- the present invention is configured as follows.
- a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor used for a low-voltage inverter drive motor driven by an inverter power supply under a low voltage of less than 700 V AC, which is formed using an insulated wire.
- a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor is provided in which the total discharge charge amount until the guarantee period elapses is less than 10 C / mm 2 .
- the insulated wire includes a conductive wire and an insulating coating layer that is disposed so as to cover the conductive wire and is made of a resin containing inorganic fine particles.
- the coil for low voltage inverter drive motors of the aspect is provided.
- the insulated wire is a conductive wire, an insulating coating layer that is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the conductive wire, and is made of a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor according to a first aspect is provided.
- a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor is provided.
- the coil for the low-voltage inverter drive motor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the insulating coating layer has a thickness of 5 ⁇ m or more when the guarantee period has elapsed. Is provided.
- a coil for a low-voltage inverter drive motor having an insulation performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown even when partial discharge occurs within the guarantee period of the motor.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a motor coil using a low-voltage inverter drive motor coil according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2 disclose an insulation inspection diagnostic method using an impulse voltage as an international standard indicating an index of surge resistance of a coil.
- a coil for a low voltage inverter drive motor used in a low voltage inverter drive motor has been designed to have an insulation performance based on Non-Patent Document 1.
- Non-Patent Document 2 uses a coil using inorganic insulated wires such as glass winding and mica winding, and is driven at a high voltage of AC 700 V or higher (hereinafter referred to as “high voltage drive motor”). It is also a standard that assumes.
- Non-Patent Document 2 is a standard that assumes a high-voltage drive motor. However, even with a low-voltage inverter drive motor, the motor drive is maintained until the motor life, that is, the warranty period of the motor elapses. If possible, it conforms to the insulation performance of the standard of Non-Patent Document 2. That is, in the coil for a low voltage inverter drive motor, even if a partial discharge occurs in the coil before the guarantee period of the motor has passed, if the insulated wire used for the coil does not cause dielectric breakdown, It conforms to the standard of Non-Patent Document 2.
- the low-voltage inverter drive motor has motor usage conditions (for example, the temperature, humidity, and pressure of the motor installation atmosphere, temperature rise during motor drive, motor drive years and degree of deterioration, motor fouling, etc.), inverter power supply Due to the difference in the drive voltage condition applied to the motor, the usage shape of the insulated wire, etc., the occurrence situation and frequency of partial discharge will change.
- the low-voltage inverter drive motor has the inverter power supply performance such as the switching operation of the inverter power supply and the rising speed of the output pulse, the motor installation environment (for example, the cable length from the inverter power supply to the motor, grounding conditions, etc. ), The inverter surge voltage etc. are likely to change depending on the coil formation method.
- the present inventors paid attention to the charge amount of the coil for the low-voltage inverter drive motor. That is, if the total discharge charge amount of the coil until the coil warranty period elapses is within a desired range, even if a partial discharge occurs in the coil within the motor warranty period, Then, it has been found that the coil can be predicted to have an insulation performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown. As a result, it has been found that the low-voltage inverter drive motor coil can be easily adapted to the standard of Non-Patent Document 2.
- the present invention is based on the above findings found by the present inventors.
- the coil of this embodiment is used for a low-voltage inverter drive motor (hereinafter also simply referred to as “motor”) that is driven by an inverter power source under a low voltage of less than AC 700V.
- the coil of this embodiment can be used as, for example, a motor coil as shown in FIG.
- each coil used for the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase is composed of one coil, but it may be composed of a plurality of coils.
- the plurality of coils can be connected in series or in parallel.
- the coil connection form may be a delta connection.
- the coil is formed using an insulated wire.
- the coil is formed by winding an insulated wire.
- the coil may be formed by joining ends of a plurality of insulated wires. That is, the coil is formed by bending a plurality of insulated wires having a predetermined length (for example, 10 cm to 20 cm) into U-shapes and then aligning and inserting the ends of the plurality of insulated wires to each other. May be formed.
- the coil is configured to be supplied with current by an inverter power supply.
- the coil has a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 , preferably less than 10 C / mm 2 and 1 mC / mm 2 or more until the motor warranty period elapses.
- the total discharge charge amount is due to the fact that an inverter surge voltage higher than the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire is applied to the insulated wire within the guaranteed period of the motor. This is the total amount of charges of partial discharge generated in the coil.
- the partial discharge is a partial discharge generated between the insulated wires forming the coil (between the insulating coating layer and the insulating coating layer).
- the coil of this embodiment can be applied to a low-voltage inverter drive motor that conforms to the standard of IEC 60034-18-42. That is, the partial discharge charge generated in the coil due to the fact that the coil is applied with an inverter surge voltage higher than the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire within the guaranteed period of the low-voltage inverter drive motor. Even if a partial discharge occurs in the coil within the warranty period of the low-voltage inverter drive motor by having an insulation performance such that the total amount, so-called total discharge charge amount is less than 10 C / mm 2 Within the guaranteed period of the low-voltage inverter drive motor, it is possible to suppress the insulated wire forming the coil from causing dielectric breakdown. That is, the coil has an insulation performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown within the guarantee period of the motor even when partial discharge occurs within the guarantee period of the motor.
- the coil of this embodiment can also perform selection of the motor in which this coil is used easily. In other words, excessive prediction of the occurrence status and frequency of partial discharge generated in the coil due to differences in motor usage conditions, drive voltage conditions applied to the motor, coil formation method, insulated wire usage shape, etc. It is possible to select a motor in which a coil is used without performing the above.
- the coil of this embodiment can be used for motors used in products such as industrial robots, home appliances, and automobiles.
- the coil estimates the operating time and operating conditions according to the product in which the coil (motor) is used, and the total discharge charge amount of the coil until the warranty period of the motor elapses is less than 10 C / mm 2. What is necessary is just to have such insulation performance.
- the coil used for an industrial robot is good to have an insulation performance in which the insulated wire does not cause dielectric breakdown and the motor does not break down for a long time exceeding the warranty period.
- coils used in industrial robots are estimated so that the amount of partial discharge per unit time is low, and the total discharge charge amount of the coil until the motor warranty period elapses is less than 10 C / mm 2. What is necessary is just to have such insulation performance.
- the coil is used in a vehicle such as an automobile or a truck.
- the coil has an insulating performance so that the total discharge charge amount within the warranty period is less than 10 C / mm 2 by estimating the travel distance, average speed, etc. of the vehicle. Good.
- the partial discharge generation amount per unit time may be set to a relatively high value.
- the guarantee period of the motor is a period in which the travel distance of a vehicle such as a private car is 100,000 km.
- the motor drive time is only about 10,000 hours in consideration of the average speed of the vehicle.
- the time during which the overload running in which partial discharge can occur is further shortened.
- the partial discharge generation amount per unit time may be set to a relatively high value.
- the travel distance is larger than that of an automobile or the like. Even in such a case, the coil takes into account the average travel distance of the business vehicle. It is sufficient that the coil has an insulation performance such that the total discharge charge amount of the coil until the warranty period of the motor is less than 10 C / mm 2 .
- the total discharge charge amount of the coil is measured by integrating and calculating the charge amount of the partial discharge generated in the coil until the guarantee period of the motor elapses.
- the method for measuring the total discharge charge amount is not particularly limited.
- the residual charge method using the series capacitor described in P21 of IEEJ Technical Report No. 1218 “Partial Discharge Measurement and Inverter Surge Insulation in Repetitive Impulse”. Can be used.
- a capacitor is connected in series between the coil (insulated wire) and ground, the terminal voltage of the capacitor is continuously detected, the detected terminal voltage is converted into a partial discharge charge, and the converted partial discharge
- the total discharge charge amount may be measured by integrating the charge amount.
- the total discharge charge amount may be converted into the charge amount in a period equivalent to 10,000 hours).
- the measurement of the charge amount of partial discharge is not particularly limited.
- the partial discharge charge amount can be measured, for example, when an inverter surge voltage higher than the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire forming the coil is applied to the coil.
- a measuring device capable of calibrating the discharge charge amount in accordance with IEC60270. That is, first, the partial discharge generated in the coil until the motor warranty period elapses is indirectly calibrated using a discharge charge measuring device. Thereafter, the partial discharge generated in the coil can be measured by measuring the partial discharge calibrated by the discharge charge measuring device with the partial discharge measuring device.
- IEC60270 is a standard partial discharge measurement method that detects a partial discharge in synchronization with the phase of an AC voltage, and a charge amount calibration method based on a low frequency component in the kHz band is standardized.
- the insulated wire includes a conductive wire and an insulating coating layer having a predetermined thickness (for example, 10 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m) provided by applying an insulating material so as to cover the periphery of the conductive wire.
- the cross-sectional shape of the insulated wire can be, for example, a circular shape or a rectangular shape.
- the conducting wire for example, a strand containing copper or aluminum can be used.
- the method for applying the insulating material is not particularly limited. For example, extrusion coating, electrodeposition coating, UV coating, or the like can be used with an extruder.
- a resin containing inorganic fine particles that is, a resin in which inorganic fine particles are dispersed in a base resin
- a base resin for example, polyurethane, polyester, polyesterimide, polyamideimide, polyimide, or the like can be used.
- the inorganic fine particles for example, metal oxide-based fine particles such as silica, alumina, titania and zirconia can be used. Further, as the inorganic fine particles, fine particles having semiconductivity such as indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, tin oxide, carbon (for example, carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, etc.) are used. May be.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- CNT carbon nanotube
- the inorganic fine particles for example, a conductive polymer such as polyaniline may be used.
- the shape of the inorganic fine particles is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a spherical shape, a layer shape, a column shape, a chain shape, a hollow shape or a porous shape.
- An insulated wire having an insulating coating layer obtained from the above-described insulating material is selected, and a coil is formed so that the total discharge charge amount before the warranty period of the motor is less than 10 C / mm 2 . Thereby, even if a partial discharge occurs, the coil has an insulation performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown within the warranty period of the motor.
- a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or higher may be used as the insulating material. That is, the insulating coating layer may be provided by covering the periphery of the conductor with a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or higher. An insulated wire having an insulating coating layer obtained from such an insulating material may be selected, and the coil may have a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the motor warranty period elapses. As a result, the coil has an insulating performance that does not cause dielectric breakdown within the warranty period of the motor even when partial discharge occurs in the coil. In addition, when the insulating coating layer is made of a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of less than 200 ° C., the insulation performance may be reduced due to thermal deterioration, and the total discharge charge amount of the coil may change. .
- thermoplastic resin examples include thermoplastic polyimide (Tm: 338 ° C.), polyether ether ketone (Tm: 334 ° C.), polyether ketone (Tm: 373 ° C.), polyphenylene sulfide (Tm: 285 ° C.).
- Engineering plastics such as polybutylene naphthalate (Tm: 243 ° C), polybutylene terephthalate (Tm: 224 ° C), polyethylene naphthalate (Tm: 269 ° C), polyethylene terephthalate (Tm: 258 ° C), super engineer plastics, etc. Can be used.
- the coil has a superior insulating performance with a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the warranty period of the motor elapses.
- the insulating coating layer is preferably formed so as to have a relative dielectric constant of 3.5 or less.
- the coil has a superior insulation performance with a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the motor warranty period elapses.
- the dielectric constant of the insulating coating layer is greater than 3.5, the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire is lowered. From this, compared with the insulated wire which has an insulation coating layer whose relative dielectric constant is 3.5 or less, the coil has a total discharge charge of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the insulated wire reaches dielectric breakdown. In some cases, it does not have such insulation performance.
- the film thickness (residual film thickness) of the insulating coating layer when the motor guarantee period elapses is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the coil has a superior insulation performance with a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the motor warranty period elapses.
- the remaining film thickness of the insulating coating layer is the thickness of the thinnest portion of the insulating coating layer included in the insulated wire forming the coil.
- an insulating coating layer is formed by extruding an insulating material made of a thermoplastic resin with an extruder or the like around a conducting wire that is an element wire such as copper or aluminum to form an insulated wire.
- an insulating material made of an insulating paint is applied around the above-described conductive wire with a coating apparatus, and then baked in a baking furnace to form an insulating coating layer, thereby forming an insulated wire.
- the insulating material it is preferable to use an insulating paint in which a resin in which inorganic fine particles are dispersed in a base resin is dissolved in a solvent, a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or higher, and the like.
- a coil is formed using an insulated wire.
- an insulated wire is wound around an iron core a predetermined number of times to form a coil that is a wound body of the insulated wire.
- the wires are aligned and inserted into the slots, and the ends of the plurality of insulated wires are joined to each other to form a coil. May be formed.
- the wound body of the insulated wire is impregnated and cured with, for example, an unsaturated polyester varnish, a polyimide varnish, a varnish obtained by dispersing silica sol in an unsaturated polyester, and the total discharge charge amount is 10C.
- a coil having an insulation performance of less than / mm 2 is formed. Thereby, the manufacturing process of the coil for low voltage inverter drive motors which permits the partial discharge according to the present embodiment is completed.
- a coil for a low voltage inverter drive motor used for a low voltage inverter drive motor driven by an inverter power source under a drive voltage of less than AC 700 V is formed using an insulated wire, and the warranty period has elapsed. Insulation performance with a total discharge charge of less than 10 C / mm 2 until As a result, the coil conforms to the standard of IEC 60034-18-42. That is, even if partial discharge occurs in the coil within the warranty period of the motor, it is possible to suppress the coil from causing dielectric breakdown within the warranty period of the motor.
- the coil of this embodiment can also perform selection of the motor in which this coil is used easily. In other words, excessive prediction of the occurrence status and frequency of partial discharge generated in the coil due to differences in motor usage conditions, drive voltage conditions applied to the motor, coil formation method, insulated wire usage shape, etc. It is possible to select a motor in which a coil is used without performing the above.
- the insulated wire includes a conductive wire and an insulating coating layer that is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the conductive wire and is made of a resin containing inorganic fine particles.
- the insulated wire includes a conductive wire and an insulating coating layer that is disposed so as to cover the periphery of the conductive wire and is made of a thermoplastic resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or higher.
- the coil has a superior insulation performance with a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the motor warranty period elapses.
- the remaining film thickness of the insulating coating layer when the insulated wire reaches dielectric breakdown is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the coil has a superior insulation performance with a total discharge charge amount of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the motor warranty period elapses.
- Example 1 In Example 1, an insulating material is applied around an electric wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm and baked to form an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m, and the finished outer diameter is 1.1 mm.
- an insulating coating material in which polyesterimide is used as a base resin as an insulating material and silica is dispersed as inorganic fine particles in the base resin is used. That is, as an insulated wire, a surge resistant enameled wire (product number: KMKED-20E: silica-containing polyesterimide nanocomposite / polyamideimide double-coated wire) manufactured by Hitachi Cable, Ltd. was used.
- This insulated wire produced the twisted wire (twisted pair twisted wire) which twisted together two insulated wires.
- the twisted-pair twisted wire was wound a plurality of times by a distributed winding method to form a wound body of an insulated wire. And the wound body of the insulated wire was impregnated in the unsaturated polyester varnish, the insulated wire was fixed, and the coil was produced. This was used as the sample of Example 1.
- Example 2 In Example 2, an insulating paint in which a resin made of polyesterimide is dissolved in a solvent is applied around a lead wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and baked to form a layer made of polyesterimide. An insulating coating in which a resin made of polyamideimide is dissolved in a solvent is applied around the layer to be formed and baked to form a layer made of polyamideimide to form an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m. An insulated wire having a diameter of 1.3 mm was used. That is, a double-coated enameled wire of EI / AIW (polyesterimide / polyamideimide) was used as an insulated wire. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 2.
- EI / AIW polyesterimide / polyamideimide
- Example 3 An insulating coating layer having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m is formed by extrusion coating an insulating material made of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) resin around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and the finished outer diameter is 1 An insulated wire having a thickness of 3 mm was used. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 3.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- Example 4 In Example 4, an insulating paint in which a polyamic acid having an imide group concentration of 36% or less after heating imidization was dissolved in a solvent was applied around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and baked to obtain a thickness. An insulated coating layer made of polyimide having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was formed, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.2 mm was used. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 4.
- Example 5 In Example 5, an insulating paint in which a resin made of polyesterimide is dissolved in a solvent is applied around a lead wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and baked to form a layer made of polyesterimide. An insulating coating in which a resin made of polyamideimide is dissolved in a solvent is applied around the layer to be formed, and baked to form a layer made of polyamideimide to form an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m. An insulated wire having a diameter of 1.1 mm was used. That is, a double-coated enameled wire of EI / AIW (polyesterimide / polyamideimide) was used as an insulated wire.
- EI / AIW polyesterimide / polyamideimide
- Example 5 a twisted pair twisted wire produced by twisting two insulated wires is used to form a wound body of the insulated wire, and the wound body is impregnated with an unsaturated polyester varnish filled with inorganic fine particles to insulate The electric wire was fixed to produce a coil. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 5.
- Example 6 In Example 6, an insulated wire having a thickness of 38 ⁇ m was formed around a conductor having a diameter of 1.024 mm, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.784 mm was used. That is, an enameled wire (US Plus wire) manufactured by Essex Group Inc. was used as the insulated wire. And the twisted pair twisted wire produced by twisting two insulated wires was wound a plurality of times by the concentrated winding method to form a wound body of insulated wires. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 6.
- Example 7 an insulating paint in which polyamideimide is used as a base resin and silica is dispersed as inorganic fine particles is applied around a conductor having a diameter of 1.0 mm and baked to a thickness of 40 ⁇ m. A certain insulating coating layer was formed, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.08 mm was used. That is, as the insulated wire, a surge resistant enameled wire (product number: KMKED-22A) manufactured by Hitachi Cable, Ltd. was used. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Example 7.
- a surge resistant enameled wire product number: KMKED-22A
- Comparative Example 1 In Comparative Example 1, an insulating wire having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was formed around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.1 mm was used. That is, a double-coated wire of EI / AIW (polyesterimide / polyamideimide) was used as the insulated wire. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as a sample of Comparative Example 1.
- EI / AIW polyesterimide / polyamideimide
- Comparative Example 2 In Comparative Example 2, an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 38 ⁇ m was formed around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.076 mm was used. That is, an AIW (polyamideimide) wire was used as the insulated wire. And the twisted pair twisted wire produced by twisting two insulated wires was wound a plurality of times by the concentrated winding method to form a wound body of insulated wires. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as a sample of Comparative Example 2.
- AIW polyamideimide
- Comparative Example 3 In Comparative Example 3, an insulated wire having a thickness of 38 ⁇ m was formed around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.076 mm was used. That is, an AIW (polyamideimide) wire was used as the insulated wire. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as the sample of Comparative Example 3.
- Comparative Example 4 In Comparative Example 4, an insulating coating layer having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was formed around a conducting wire having a diameter of 1.0 mm, and an insulated wire having a finished outer diameter of 1.06 mm was used. That is, as an insulated wire, an enameled wire (product number: KMKED-20E) of Hitachi Cable, Ltd. was used. Other than this, a coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 described above. This was used as a sample of Comparative Example 4.
- an enameled wire product number: KMKED-20E
- Table 1 summarizes the configurations of the insulated wires and coils of the samples of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 described above.
- the measurement of the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire was performed as follows. That is, first, two 500 mm long samples were cut out from the insulated wires used for the samples of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, respectively. The two samples cut out from each insulated wire were twisted together while applying a tension of 14.7 N (1.5 kgf) to produce a twisted pair of stranded wires. The stranded wire was prepared so as to have nine twisted portions in the range of 120 mm at the center in the length direction of the sample of the insulated wire. Ten such stranded wires were produced from each insulated wire. And the insulation coating layer from the one edge part of each twisted wire to the position of 10 mm was peeled using the abisofix apparatus.
- each twisted wire is kept in a desiccator until the temperature of each twisted wire becomes room temperature. Left for 18 hours. Thereafter, the partial discharge starting voltage of each stranded wire was measured using a partial discharge automatic test system (DACPD-3, manufactured by Soken Denki Co., Ltd.). The partial discharge starting voltage is measured by charging each twisted wire while increasing the sine wave voltage of 50 Hz at a rate of 10 to 30 V / s in an atmosphere at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity (RH) of 50%. I went there.
- DACPD-3 partial discharge automatic test system
- produced 50 times in 1 second to each twisted wire was measured. This measurement was repeated three times, the average value of the three measurements was calculated, and this value was used as the partial discharge start voltage for each stranded wire. And the average value of the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire used for each sample is obtained from the partial discharge start voltage of each of the ten stranded wires produced from each insulated wire, and this average value is obtained as the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire. It was.
- the measurement of the partial discharge start voltage of the coil was performed as follows. First, each coil as a sample of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was held in a thermostatic bath at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then left in a desiccator for 18 hours until the temperature of each coil reached room temperature. And dried. And the partial discharge start voltage of each sample was measured using the partial discharge automatic test system (the Soken Denki KK make, DACPD-3). The partial discharge start voltage is measured by charging each sample while increasing the sine wave voltage of 50 Hz at a rate of 10 to 30 V / s in an atmosphere having a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity (RH) of 50%. went. And the voltage when 100 pC discharge generate
- RH relative humidity
- a three-phase induction motor was manufactured using the coil which is the sample of Example 1. And the motor (coil) and the inverter power supply were connected with the cable of 50m. Then, a current was applied to the coil by an inverter power source under a voltage of AC 650 V to drive the motor. At this time, the surge voltage (Vp) applied to the insulated wire forming the coil was 1800V. Here, the surge voltage is the maximum value of the surge voltage measured at the terminal portion of the motor. The maximum potential difference of this motor was 1450V. Here, the maximum potential difference is a voltage actually applied to the coil with respect to the surge voltage.
- Three-phase induction was performed in the same manner as in the case of using the coil that was the sample of Example 1, using the coil that was the sample of Examples 2 to 5, Example 7, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4. Each motor was produced. And the motor (coil) and the inverter power supply were connected with the cable of 50m.
- a current was applied to the coil by an inverter power source under the voltage of a three-phase induction motor AC400V using the coil that is the sample of Example 7 and Comparative Example 3, and the motor was driven.
- the surge voltage (Vp) applied to the insulated wire forming the coil was 1300V.
- the maximum potential difference was 1050V.
- three-phase PM motors were produced using the coils that are the samples of Example 6 and Comparative Example 2, respectively. And the motor (coil) and the inverter power supply were connected with the cable of 50m. These three-phase PM motors were driven by applying current to the coils with an inverter power supply under a voltage of AC 400V. At this time, the surge voltage (Vp) applied to the insulated wire forming the coil was 1300V. The maximum potential difference was 845V.
- the warranty period was measured as follows. That is, in an environment where the temperature is 23 ° C. and the relative humidity (RH) is 50%, partial discharge of each coil shown in Table 1 is started on the coils that are the samples of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4. A voltage (frequency: 100 kHz) was applied, and the time until the coil reached dielectric breakdown was measured. And the time obtained by converting the time obtained by measurement into the time when the frequency is 1 kHz was defined as the guarantee period. Note that when 100,000 hours were reached in terms of a value converted when the frequency was 1 kHz, the application of voltage to each sample was terminated, and the evaluation was “100,000 hours or more”.
- the total discharge charge amount of the coil was measured as follows. That is, first, a voltage applying device for applying a voltage was connected to each sample of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, and a capacitor was connected in series between each sample and ground. Then, in an environment where the temperature is 23 ° C. and the relative humidity (RH) is 50%, a partial discharge start voltage (surge voltage) (frequency: 100 kHz) is applied between the coils of each sample from the power application device. . And the terminal voltage of the capacitor
- Calculation of the remaining film thickness of the insulating coating layer was performed as follows. That is, after applying a voltage from the voltage applying device to each sample and the warranty period has elapsed, or after each sample has reached dielectric breakdown, the cross section of the coil that is each sample is observed with an electron microscope. The thickness of the insulating coating layer included in the insulated wire constituting a certain coil was measured. And the minimum value of the measured thickness was made into the remaining film thickness value.
- the coil according to each sample from Comparative Examples 1 to 4 formed using an insulated wire having an insulation performance with a total discharge charge of 10 C / mm 2 or more, that is, a total discharge charge of 10 C / mm 2 It was confirmed that the motor using the coil having the above insulation performance has a short warranty period. Therefore, when such a motor is used in, for example, industrial robots, home appliances, automobiles, etc., the coil is subject to dielectric breakdown within the warranty period of industrial robots, home appliances, automobiles, etc. It was confirmed that the motor might not drive.
- the total discharge charge amount until the guarantee period (100,000 hours) passed was 2.30 C / mm 2 .
- the total discharge charge amount until the guarantee period (100,000 hours) passed was 8.70 C / mm 2 .
- the total discharge charge amount until the coil reached dielectric breakdown was 16.7 C / mm 2 .
- the time required for the coil to break down was 92,500 hours.
- the total discharge charge amount until the coil reached dielectric breakdown was 23.2 C / mm 2 . That is, before the guarantee period (100,000 hours) elapses, the coil has undergone dielectric breakdown.
- a coil having an insulation performance that is formed by winding an insulated wire and has a total discharge charge of less than 10 C / mm 2 until the warranty period elapses is applied to the coil within the warranty period of the motor. Even when partial discharge occurs, it is possible to prevent the coil from causing dielectric breakdown within the warranty period of the motor. That is, the coil conforms to the standard of IEC 60034-18-42.
- the coil of the present invention is useful for motors used in products such as industrial robots, home appliances, and automobiles.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の第1の態様によれば、インバータ電源によりAC700V未満の低電圧下で駆動される低電圧インバータ駆動モータに用いられる低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイルであって、絶縁電線を用いて形成され、保証期間が経過するまでの総放電電荷量が10C/mm2未満である低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイルが提供される。
まず、本発明の実施形態の説明に先立ち、本発明者等が得た知見について説明する。
まず、本発明の一実施形態における低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル(以下では、単に「コイル」とも言う。)の構成について説明する。
本実施形態のコイルは、例えば、図1に示されるようなモータコイルとして使用可能である。図1においてU相、V相、W相に用いられる各コイルは1つのコイルからなるが、複数のコイルからなるものであっても良い。当該複数のコイルは、直列又は並列に結線することができる。また、コイルの結線形式は、図1に示されるスター結線の他にデルタ結線であってもよい。
続いて、本発明の一実施形態における低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイルの製造方法について説明する。
本実施形態は、以下の効果を有する。
実施例1では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、絶縁材料を塗布し、焼付けして厚さが50μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.1mmである絶縁電線を用いた。なお、絶縁材料としてポリエステルイミドをベース樹脂とし、このベース樹脂に無機微粒子としてシリカを分散させた絶縁塗料を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、日立電線株式会社製の耐サージ性エナメル線(品番:KMKED-20E:シリカ含有ポリエステルイミドナノコンポジット/ポリアミドイミドダブルコート線)を用いた。この絶縁電線は、2本の絶縁電線を撚り合わせた撚線(ツイストペアの撚線)を作製した。このツイストペアの撚線を、分布巻方式で複数回巻回して絶縁電線の巻回体を形成した。そして、絶縁電線の巻回体を、不飽和ポリエステルワニスに含浸して、絶縁電線を固着し、コイルを作製した。これを実施例1の試料とした。
実施例2では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、ポリエステルイミドからなる樹脂を溶媒に溶解させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けしてポリエステルイミドからなる層を形成し、さらにポリエステルイミドからなる層の周囲に、ポリアミドイミドからなる樹脂を溶媒に溶解させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けしてポリアミドイミドからなる層を形成して厚さが150μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.3mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、EI/AIW(ポリエステルイミド/ポリアミドイミド)のダブルコートエナメル線を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例2の試料とした。
実施例3では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、ポリフェニレンサルファイド(PPS)樹脂からなる絶縁材料を押出被覆して厚さが150μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.3mmである絶縁電線を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例3の試料とした。
実施例4では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、加熱によるイミド化後のイミド基濃度が36%以下のポリアミック酸を溶媒に溶解させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けして、厚さが100μmであるポリイミドからなる絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.2mmである絶縁電線を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例4の試料とした。
実施例5では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、ポリエステルイミドからなる樹脂を溶媒に溶解させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けしてポリエステルイミドからなる層を形成し、さらにポリエステルイミドからなる層の周囲に、ポリアミドイミドからなる樹脂を溶媒に溶解させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けしてポリアミドイミドからなる層を形成して厚さが50μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.1mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、EI/AIW(ポリエステルイミド/ポリアミドイミド)のダブルコートエナメル線を用いた。そして、2本の絶縁電線を撚り合わせて作製したツイストペアの撚線を用いて絶縁電線の巻回体を形成し、巻回体を、無機微粒子を充填した不飽和ポリエステルワニスに含浸して、絶縁電線を固着し、コイルを作製した。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例5の試料とした。
実施例6では、直径が1.024mmである導線の周囲に、厚さが38μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.784mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、エセックス・グループ・インコーポレイテッド製のエナメル線(US Plus線)を用いた。そして、2本の絶縁電線を撚り合わせて作製したツイストペアの撚線を、集中巻方式で複数回巻回して絶縁電線の巻回体を形成した。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例6の試料とした。
実施例7では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、ポリアミドイミドをベース樹脂とし、このベース樹脂に無機微粒子としてシリカを分散させた絶縁塗料を塗布し、焼付けして厚さが40μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.08mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、日立電線株式会社製の耐サージ性エナメル線(品番:KMKED-22A)を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを実施例7の試料とした。
比較例1では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、厚さが50μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.1mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、EI/AIW(ポリエステルイミド/ポリアミドイミド)のダブルコート線を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを比較例1の試料とした。
比較例2では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、厚さが38μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.076mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、AIW(ポリアミドイミド)線を用いた。そして、2本の絶縁電線を撚り合わせて作製したツイストペアの撚線を、集中巻方式で複数回巻回して絶縁電線の巻回体を形成した。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを比較例2の試料とした。
比較例3では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、厚さが38μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.076mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、AIW(ポリアミドイミド)線を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを比較例3の試料とした。
比較例4では、直径が1.0mmである導線の周囲に、厚さが30μmである絶縁被覆層を形成し、仕上がり外径が1.06mmである絶縁電線を用いた。すなわち、絶縁電線として、日立電線株式会社線のエナメル線(品番:KMKED-20E)を用いた。この他は、上述の実施例1と同様にしてコイルを作製した。これを比較例4の試料とした。
次に、実施例1~7及び比較例1~4の各試料を用い、表2に示す構成でモータを作製した。そして、各試料であるコイルの絶縁性能を評価した。
Claims (5)
- インバータ電源によりAC700V未満の低電圧下で駆動される低電圧インバータ駆動モータに用いられる低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイルであって、
絶縁電線を用いて形成され、保証期間が経過するまでの総放電電荷量が10C/mm2未満である低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル。 - 前記絶縁電線は、導線と、前記導線の周囲を被覆して配設され、無機微粒子を含有する樹脂から構成された絶縁被覆層とを備える、請求項1に記載の低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル。
- 前記絶縁電線は、導線と、前記導線の周囲を被覆して配設され、融点が200℃以上である熱可塑性樹脂から構成された絶縁被覆層とを備える、請求項1に記載の低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル。
- 前記絶縁電線は、前記保証期間が経過するまでの間の前記総放電電荷量が、1mC/mm2以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル。
- 前記保証期間が経過した際の前記絶縁被覆層の膜厚が、5μm以上である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル。
Priority Applications (4)
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US14/781,380 US20160036283A1 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-03-26 | Coil for low-voltage inverter drive motor |
JP2015510035A JPWO2014162959A1 (ja) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-03-26 | 低電圧インバータ駆動モータ用コイル |
CN201480019252.7A CN105122603A (zh) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-03-26 | 低电压逆变器驱动电机用线圈 |
EP14778135.5A EP2983275A4 (en) | 2013-04-02 | 2014-03-26 | COIL FOR A DRIVE MOTOR WITH LOW VOLTAGE CHANGE |
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JP2013-076622 | 2013-04-02 | ||
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JP3496636B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-16 | 2004-02-16 | 日立電線株式会社 | 耐部分放電性エナメル線用塗料及び耐部分放電性エナメル線 |
JP2004055185A (ja) * | 2002-07-17 | 2004-02-19 | Toshiba Aitekku Kk | エナメル線 |
US6845563B2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2005-01-25 | Precision Drilling Technology Services Group, Inc. | Method and device for the measurement of the drift of a borchole |
JP4677764B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-08 | 2011-04-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | パルス幅変調信号駆動機器の制御装置 |
JP4904989B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-24 | 2012-03-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 回転電機,巻線機,回転電機システム,ハイブリッド自動車,燃料電池自動車、及び電気自動車 |
JP4473916B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-09 | 2010-06-02 | 日立マグネットワイヤ株式会社 | ポリアミドイミド樹脂絶縁塗料及びそれを用いた絶縁電線 |
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See also references of EP2983275A4 |
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EP2983275A4 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
JPWO2014162959A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US20160036283A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
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