WO2014161252A1 - 一种棉针织物练漂、染色、皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种棉针织物练漂、染色、皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014161252A1
WO2014161252A1 PCT/CN2013/080178 CN2013080178W WO2014161252A1 WO 2014161252 A1 WO2014161252 A1 WO 2014161252A1 CN 2013080178 W CN2013080178 W CN 2013080178W WO 2014161252 A1 WO2014161252 A1 WO 2014161252A1
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Prior art keywords
low temperature
dyeing
soaping
bleaching
scouring
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PCT/CN2013/080178
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李世琪
王深喜
赵发宝
朱泉
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广东德美精细化工股份有限公司
东华大学
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Publication of WO2014161252A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014161252A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0032Determining dye recipes and dyeing parameters; Colour matching or monitoring
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/16Multi-step processes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0024Dyeing and bleaching in one process
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/58Material containing hydroxyl groups
    • D06P3/60Natural or regenerated cellulose

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a whole process low-temperature dyeing and finishing process for cotton knitwear bleaching, dyeing and soaping, in particular to a low-temperature dyeing and finishing process for cotton fiber in a high-retention conjugate, which belongs to the field of fabric dyeing and finishing.
  • the traditional dyeing and finishing concept believes that cotton fiber contains waxy, nitrogenous substances, pectin, ash, pigment and other natural commensals in addition to cellulose. These natural commensal organisms must be completely removed during the bleaching stage.
  • the bleaching process generally uses a high temperature and strong alkali chemical method to treat the fabric at a high temperature of 95-100 ° C.
  • Low temperature process is a very important development direction of cotton knitting dyeing and finishing, such as low temperature bleaching, low temperature soaping, etc. From the initial 80 °C process to the current 60 °C processing, there have been many researches, and there are more mature processes. , can achieve comparable or even better processing results than traditional processes. Through our further research, we found that the application of suitable low-temperature processing, in addition to reducing energy consumption, can also reduce emissions, while making full use of natural materials on cotton fibers, resulting in excellent hand feeling, less weight loss and The ideal cloth surface effect, the function of this whole process low temperature processing is not available in the conventional high temperature processing; only the low temperature pretreatment, the high temperature processing in the subsequent process is difficult to obtain. This result will change the development concept of the cotton fabric bleaching process.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature dyeing and finishing process for cotton knitwear bleaching, dyeing and soaping, including at least a process flow: low temperature bleaching, low temperature washing, low temperature dyeing, low temperature soaping, wherein
  • the process recipe for low temperature bleaching is:
  • Hydrogen peroxide activator DM-1430 0.5 ⁇ 5.0 g/L Solid NaOH 1.0-10.0 g/L
  • Reactive dye 5.0%, (OWF, percent by weight of fabric) Na 2 S0 4 10-50.0 g/L
  • the low temperature soaping process is:
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature dyeing and finishing process for cotton knitwear bleaching, dyeing and soaping, including at least enzymatic refining, low temperature bleaching, low temperature water washing, low temperature dyeing, low temperature soaping, wherein the enzyme is refined.
  • the process recipe for low temperature bleaching is:
  • Hydrogen peroxide activator DM-1430 0.5-5.0 g/L
  • the dyeing process is:
  • Reactive dye 5.0% (O.W.F, percent by weight of fabric),
  • the bath ratio is 1 : 5-20, 10-30 ° C into the cloth, 2 ° C / min to 40-70 ° C, holding 30-80 min, draining, cold water washing, neutralization, soaping.
  • the low temperature soaping process is:
  • Bath ratio 1 5-20, 10-3CTC into the cloth, 2 ° C / min to 40 ⁇ 70 ° C, keep warm 10 ⁇ 30min, drain, cold water wash.
  • Low-temperature bleaching is one of the most important development trends of cotton knit bleaching and bleaching process.
  • the low-temperature bleaching process included in the present invention utilizes low-temperature additives such as biological enzymes and hydrogen peroxide activators, through biological enzyme refining, low-temperature scouring and hydrogen peroxide. Techniques such as low temperature activation successfully reduced the bleaching temperature from 98 °C to 60.
  • the biological enzyme is alkaline pectinase, which can effectively hydrolyze pectin on cotton fiber under the condition of 40-7CTC, and achieve the effect of targeted impurity removal.
  • the hydrogen peroxide activator is an aminonitrile compound.
  • HOO- decomposed with hydrogen peroxide can form a peroxycarboxylic acid with a higher redox potential.
  • Peroxycarboxylic acid has stronger bleaching ability than hydrogen peroxide.
  • the bleaching is completed under low temperature conditions, so the processing conditions are mild, and the content of the co-organisms such as cotton wax on the natural cotton fiber can be reasonably retained and effectively controlled, and the energy consumption can be greatly reduced and the fabric loss can be reduced under the premise of ensuring the dyeing effect. , reduce pollution, significantly improve the feel and quality of the fabric.
  • the invention has the same advantages as the traditional process in terms of dyeing effect and fabric strength, and has obvious advantages over traditional processes in terms of energy consumption, fabric weight loss, hand feeling, COD emission, etc.
  • the specific results are as follows:
  • the low temperature process also improves the overall fabric surface.
  • the hairiness, creases and scratches on the fabric surface are reduced compared with the conventional process, which improves the hand feeling of the product.
  • the low temperature process can save a lot of cooling water because there is no need to cool down.
  • Scouring enzyme DM-8654 high concentration scouring agent DM-1361, hydrogen peroxide activator DM-1430, low temperature bleaching accelerator DM-1372, hydrogen peroxide stabilizer DM-1404, low temperature soaping agent DM-1542, anti-staining soap Agent DM-1572 (the above additives are produced by Guangdong Demei Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.), H202 CAR, content 30%), NaOH (industrial grade), Na2S04 (AR), Na2C03 (AR), the above chemicals are all Guangdong Xiqiao Chemical Co., Ltd. produces.
  • Low temperature soaping agent DM-1542 2.0 g/L Bath ratio 1:10, 30 °C into the cloth, 2 °C / min to 40 ° C, heat for 30 min, drain, cold water wash.
  • Hydrogen peroxide activator DM-1430 0.5 g/L
  • the bath ratio is 1:10, 30°C, and the temperature is raised to 70°C at 2°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 30 minutes.
  • Hydrogen peroxide activator DM-1430 0.5 g/L
  • the bath ratio is 1:10, 30°C, and the temperature is raised to 40°C at 2°C/min, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes.
  • Hydrogen peroxide stabilizer DM-1404 1.0 g/L
  • Anti-staining soaping agent DM-1572 1.0 g/L
  • Hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate (R) is calculated according to the following formula:
  • R ( ) (C initial - C) / C initial X100% 3
  • Whiteness value according to the CIE standard, measured with a ColorQuest XE spectrophotometer, source D65/10.
  • the mass M 2 after the mass treatment of the fabric before treatment was weighed by an electronic analytical balance, and the mass was measured at a temperature of 20 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C and a relative humidity of 65% ⁇ 3% before weighing the mass. After adjusting the humidity 24H, weigh the weight loss rate according to formula (1):
  • Weight loss rate (%) ( MM 2 ) / Mi X lOO ⁇ . ( 1 )
  • the instrument's method for determining chemical oxygen demand (COD) is to use a catalytic fast method.
  • the whole test is divided into two parts, the first part is the water sample pretreatment process; the second part is the water sample colorimetric process.
  • the specific process is as follows: Take the water sample, add D/E reagent, heat at 165 °C for 10 min, cool, dilute, and measure the photometric colorimetric value.
  • Dry and wet rubbing fastness according to the standard: GB/T3920-1997 Textile color fastness test Color fastness to rubbing.
  • the breaking strength is in accordance with the standard: GB/T 14800-93 Test method for the bursting strength and breaking displacement of knitted fabrics.
  • the data of Table 1 is analyzed as follows: Compared with the traditional process, the decomposition rate, whiteness and gross effect of hydrogen peroxide at 60 °C low temperature are relatively low, the weight loss of fabric is reduced by 1.9%, the wax content is retained by 64.8%, and the hand feel is better, COD The value is reduced by 35.6%; the biochemical method has a low decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, the whiteness and the gross effect are close to the traditional process, the weight loss of the fabric is reduced by 0.8%, the wax content is retained by 53.4%, the hand feel is better, and the COD value is reduced by 15.0%.
  • the low temperature process has obvious advantages over the traditional process in terms of weight loss rate, wax content, handle after treatment and COD value discharge.
  • the decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide in low temperature process is obviously lower than that of traditional technology, but from the data of whiteness
  • the effective utilization rate of hydrogen peroxide is higher than that of traditional technology, and the biochemical low temperature process is particularly obvious. In the process selection, different low temperature processes can meet the needs of different dyeing processes.
  • the low temperature process has a high wax retention during the bleaching stage. After the dyeing process, more cotton wax is washed away, so the COD value of the residual liquid is relatively high, followed by the biochemical low temperature process, and the traditional process is because of the bleaching stage. Lots of Impurities have been removed, so the COD value is lowest at this stage.
  • the cotton knit fabric treated by the low temperature process of low temperature bleaching, low temperature dyeing and low temperature soaping although the index of hydrogen peroxide decomposition rate, whiteness and hair effect may not be as good as the traditional process, can also obtain the ideal dyeing.
  • the effect, and because of the better retention of the commensal, the fabric has obvious advantages over the traditional techniques in terms of weight loss, hand feeling, wax content, and residual liquid COD value.
  • the energy consumption mainly includes: the heat energy absorbed by the medium water, the fabric and the equipment during the heating process, the heat energy lost by the equipment during the heating process, and the heat energy maintaining the constant temperature during the heat preservation process.
  • the data in Table 4 only analyzes the energy consumption of the medium water and fabric during the heating process.
  • the low temperature process reduces the energy consumption by 45.8%, and the biochemical low temperature process reduces the energy consumption by 36.0%.
  • the energy saving effect is remarkable.
  • the heat energy lost by the equipment and the constant thermal energy during the heat preservation process are directly related to the processing temperature. The higher the temperature, the greater the energy consumption required for the heat dissipation of the equipment and the constant temperature, so the energy consumption of the traditional process in this part is also It is much larger than the low temperature process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是一种棉针织物练漂、染色、皂洗的全流程低温染整加工工艺,具体的说是一种高保留共生物的棉纤维全流程低温染整加工工艺,至少包括低温练漂、低温洗水、低温染色、低温皂洗。与传统加工的结果相比,经本发明加工的织物其强力、染色深度和各项牢度相当,同时可节能45%左右,减少失重1.0%以上,COD减排10% 以上,棉蜡保留率可达40%以上,手感显著改善、擦伤和折痕明显减少。

Description

一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺 技术领域
本发明是一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗的全流程低温染整加工工艺, 具体说是关 于高保留共生物的棉纤维全流程低温染整加工工艺, 属于织物染整加工领域。
背景技术
传统的染整加工理念认为, 棉纤维除纤维素外, 还含有蜡质、 含氮物质、 果胶、 灰 分、 色素等天然共生物, 这些天然共生物在练漂阶段必须全部去除, 这样才能满足后续 染色的要求, 练漂工艺一般采用高温强碱的化学方法将织物在 95-100°C的高温中处理
30-60分钟, 通过烧碱、 表面活性剂、 双氧水等化学品的水解、 皂化、 乳化、 净洗、 增 溶、氧化以及溶解等物理化学作用将上述的天然共生物以及沾附的其他杂质去除, 在如 此强烈的化学作用下, 棉纤维上的天然共生物 (包括有益的棉蜡等)被去除殆尽, 所以 传统工艺耗能高, 织物损耗大, 排污严重, 手感粗糙, 布面折痕和擦伤非常明显, 随着 国家在能源和排污方面的政策的不断出台, 传统工艺的应用局限性越来越明显, 使用传 统工艺的染厂在能耗和环保方面的压力也越来越大, 从而促进了染整工艺逐渐向低能 耗、 低排污、 高质量、 高产量的低温加工的方向发展, 近年来, 随着棉针织加工助剂、 设备的迅猛发展, 低温加工和平幅连续式加工逐渐成为最主要的两个发展趋势。
低温工艺是棉针织染整加工的一个很重要的发展方向,例如低温练漂,低温皂洗等, 从最初 80°C工艺到现在的 60°C加工已经有很多的研究, 也有比较成熟的工艺, 可以取 得与传统工艺相当甚至更好的加工效果。通过我们进一步的研究发现, 设计应用合适的 低温加工过程, 除了降低能耗之外, 还能减少排污, 同时可使棉纤维上天然物质得到充 分利用, 进而获得优异的手感、 较少的失重和理想的布面效果, 这种全流程低温加工的 作用是常规高温处理过程无法得到的;仅用低温前处理,后续过程高温加工也难以取得。 这一结果将会改变棉织物练漂工艺的发展理念。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:提出一种棉针织物练漂、染色、皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 至少包括工艺流程: 低温练漂、 低温洗水、 低温染色、 低温皂洗, 其中,
低温练漂的工艺配方为:
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2—1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 0.5〜5.0 g/L 固体 NaOH 1.0— 10.0 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0—20.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 30〜120min, 排液, 70°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
所述的染色工艺:
活性染料 5.0 %, (O.W.F,对织物重量百分比) Na2S04 10-50.0 g/L
Na2C03 5-20.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-30°C入布, l-3 °C/min升温到 40-70°C, 保温 30-80min, 排液, 冷 水洗, 中和, 皂洗。
所述的低温皂洗工艺为:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 0.2-2.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-3CTC入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 10〜30min, 排液, 冷 水洗。
本发明的另一个目的在于提出一种棉针织物练漂、染色、皂洗全流程低温染整加工 工艺, 至少包括酶精练、 低温练漂、 低温水洗、 低温染色、 低温皂洗, 其中酶精练、 低 温练漂的工艺配方为:
A) 酶精练
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2—1.0 g/L
精练酶 DM-8654 0.3〜2.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-3CTC入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 30〜60min, 转低温练 漂;
B) 低温练漂
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2—1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 0.5—5.0 g/L
低温练漂促进剂 DM-1372 0.5—5.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 0.5—5.0 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0—20.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 30〜120min, 排液, 40〜70 °C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
同样, 所述的染色工艺为:
活性染料 5.0 % (O.W.F,对织物重量百分比),
Na2S04 10-50.0 g/L
Na2C03 5-20.0 g/L
浴比 1 :5-20, 10-30°C入布, 2°C /min升温到 40-70°C, 保温 30-80min, 排液, 冷水 洗, 中和, 皂洗。
所述的低温皂洗工艺为:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 0.2-2.0 g/L
浴比 1 :5-20, 10-3CTC入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 10〜30min, 排液, 冷 水洗。
低温练漂是目前棉针织练漂工艺最重要的发展趋势之一,本发明所包含的低温练漂 工艺是利用生物酶、 双氧水活化剂等低温助剂, 通过生物酶精练、 低温煮练、 双氧水低 温活化等技术成功的将练漂温度从 98 °C降至 60。C, 生物酶为碱性果胶酶, 在 40-7CTC 条件下可以有效水解棉纤维上的果胶, 达到针对性除杂的效果。双氧水活化剂为氨基腈 类化合物, 在碱性条件下, 可以与双氧水分解出的 HOO-生成氧化还原电位更高的过氧 羧酸, 过氧羧酸比双氧水具有更强的漂白能力, 可以在低温条件下完成漂白, 所以该工 艺加工条件温和, 可以合理保留和有效控制天然棉纤维上的棉蜡等共生物的含量, 并能 在保证染色效果的前提下, 大幅降低能耗, 降低织物损耗, 减少排污, 明显改善手感和 布面质量。
相比现有技术, 本发明在染色效果和织物强力方面与传统工艺相当, 而在能耗、 织 物失重、 手感、 COD排放等方面较传统工艺有明显的优势, 具体结果如下:
采用低温练漂工艺, 白度值 60%以上, 无毛效, 能耗降低 45.8%, 织物失重量减少 1.0%以上, 手感柔软, COD值减排 26.3% ;
生物化学法低温练漂工艺, 白度值 70%以上, 毛效 5.5cm/30min, 能耗降低 36.0%, 织物失重量减少 0.9%, 手感柔软, COD值减排 12.5% ;
低温工艺对整体的布面效果也有改善, 布面的毛羽、 折痕和擦伤较传统工艺减少, 提高产品的手感;在用水量方面,低温工艺因为无需降温,所以可以节省大量的冷却水。 具体实施方式 下面结合实施例, 对本发明做进一步的描述, 并与传统工艺的效果进行比较。 实验材料
18.3tex 精梳纯棉双面针织坯布(克重 180g/m2, 中国广州美名纺织有限公司织造)。 药品
精练酶 DM-8654、 高浓精练剂 DM-1361、 双氧水活化剂 DM-1430、 低温练漂促 进剂 DM-1372、双氧水稳定剂 DM-1404、低温皂洗剂 DM-1542、防沾色皂洗剂 DM-1572 (上述助剂均为广东德美精细化工股份有限公司生产), H202 CAR, 含量 30%), NaOH (工业级), Na2S04 (AR), Na2C03 (AR), 以上化学品均由广东西陇化工股份有限 公司生产。
仪器
全能型试色机 (厦门瑞比精密机械有限公司); 毛效测试仪 (山东省纺织科学研究 院), HunterLab ultrascan VIS (1307) 分光测色仪 (美国, HunterLab); YG026PC 型 电子织物强力机 (温州方圆仪器有限公司); 5B-6 (C) 型三参数测定仪 (连华科技)。 实施例 1
工艺流程: 低温练漂→低温洗水→低温染色→低温皂洗
低温练漂:
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 5.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 10.0 g/L
30 H2O2 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40°C, 保温 120min, 排液, 40°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
低温染色:
活性红 3BS 2.0 % (O.W.F)
Na2S04 50.0 g/L
Na2C03 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。 低温皂洗:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 2.0 g/L 浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40°C, 保温 30min, 排液, 冷水洗。
实施例 2
工艺流程: 低温练漂→低温洗水→低温染色→低温皂洗
低温练漂:
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 0.5 g/L
固体 NaOH 1.0 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 70°C, 保温 30min, 排液, 70°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
低温染色:
活性黄 3RS 1.5 % ( O.W.F)
Na2S04 50.0 g/L
Na2C03 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。 低温皂洗:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 0.2 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 70°C, 保温 10min, 排液, 冷水洗。
实施例 3
工艺流程: 酶精练→低温练漂→低温洗水→低温染色→低温皂洗
低温练漂:
A>酶精练
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2 g/L
精练酶 DM-8654 0.3 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 70°C, 保温 30min, 转低温练漂。
8>低温练漂
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 0.5 g/L
低温练漂促进剂 DM-1372 0.5 g/L 固体 NaOH 0.5 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 70°C, 保温 30min, 排液, 70°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
低温染色:
活性翠兰 KN-G 1.6 % ( O.W.F)
Na2S04 50.0 g/L
Na2C03 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。 低温皂洗:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 0.2 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 70°C, 保温 lOmin, 排液, 冷水洗。
实施例 4
工艺流程: 酶精练→低温练漂→低温洗水→低温染色→低温皂洗
低温练漂:
A>酶精练
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 1.0 g/L
精练酶 DM-8654 2.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40°C, 保温 60min, 转低温练漂。
8>低温练漂
高浓精练剂 DM-1361 1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 DM-1430 5.0 g/L
低温练漂促进剂 DM-1372 5.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 5.0 g/L
30 H2O2 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40°C, 保温 120min, 排液, 40°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
低温染色:
活性黑 KN-B 1.8 % ( O.W.F) Na2S04 50.0 g/L
Na2C03 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。 低温皂洗:
低温皂洗剂 DM-1542 2.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40°C, 保温 30min, 排液, 冷水洗。
比较实施例及传统工艺之效果
传统工艺加工流程:
98 V练漂→ 90°C洗水→ 60°C染色→ 95 °C皂洗
(1) 98°C练漂
高效精练剂 DM-1364 1.0 g/L
双氧水稳定剂 DM-1404 1.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 1.5 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 98°C, 保温 45min, 降温到 80°C, 排液, 90 °C洗水 10min, 冷水洗, 中和, 除氧。
(2) 60°C染色
活性红 3BS 2.0 % (O.W.F)
Na2S04 50.0 g/L
Na2C03 20.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。
(3) 95°C皂洗
防沾色皂洗剂 DM-1572 1.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 95°C, 保温 20min, 排液, 冷水洗。
主要测试项目及方法
① 双氧水含量测试按照标准: GB-1616-88 工业过氧化氢
② 双氧水分解率 (R) 按照以下公式计算:
R ( ) = (C初始 -C) /C初始 X100% ③ 白度值, 按照 CIE标准, 用 ColorQuest XE 分光测色仪在下测定, 光源 D65/10。
④ 毛细管效应按照标准: FZ / T 01071— 2008 纺织品 毛细效应试验方法(测试 时间: 30min)。
⑤ 织物失重测试
用电子分析天平分别称取织物处理前的质量 M^B处理后的质量 M2, 称取质量 之前先在温度为 20°C ±2°C、 相对湿度为 65% ± 3%的标准大气中调湿 24H后再 称, 失重率按公式 (1 ) 计算:
失重率 (%) = ( M M2) / Mi X lOO ·····. ( 1 )
⑥ COD用连华科技 5B-6 ( C) 型三参数测定仪测试
该仪器测定化学需氧量 (COD) 的方法是采用催化快速法。 整个的检测分为 两大部分, 第一部分为水样预处理过程; 第二部分为水样比色过程。 具体过 程如下: 取水样、 添加 D/E试剂、 165°C加热 10min、 冷却、 稀释、 光度比色检 测出值。
⑦ 蜡质含量测试
按 GB/T 6504-2008的方法测试, 以正已烷为溶剂萃取 3小时。
⑧ 手感测试
5人对布样手感进行评分, 分数越高, 手感越好, 反之, 手感越差。
⑨ K/S值和 ΔΕ ( CIELAB ) 用 ColorQuest XE 分光测色仪测定, 光源 D65/10。
⑩ 皂洗牢度按照标准: GB/T 3921.3-1997 纺织品 色牢度试验 耐洗色牢度。
干湿摩擦牢度按照标准: GB/T3920— 1997 纺织品 色牢度试验 耐摩擦色牢 度。
顶破强力按照标准: GB/T 14800-93 针织物顶破强力、 顶破位移的试验方法 测试。
结果与讨论
采用不同工艺流程处理的织物的性能差异及对比分析
分别按照实施例 1-4中任意一工艺及传统工艺流程进行练漂加工, 然后按照上述相 关的检测方法进行测试, 结果见表 1 : 表 1、 低温工艺和传统工艺练漂后性能指标对比
Figure imgf000010_0001
备注: 坯布蜡质含量 0.528%
表 1的数据分析如下: 与传统工艺相比, 60°C低温工艺双氧水分解率、 白度和毛效 相对比较低, 织物失重量减少 1.9%, 蜡质含量保留 64.8%, 手感比较好, COD值减排 35.6%; 生物化学法双氧水分解比较低, 白度和毛效与传统工艺接近, 织物失重量减少 0.8% , 蜡质含量保留 53.4%, 手感比较好, COD值减排 15.0%。
由此可见, 低温工艺在失重率、 蜡质含量、 处理后手感和 COD值排放等方面较传 统工艺有明显优势,低温工艺的双氧水分解率明显较传统工艺低,但从白度的数据来看, 双氧水的有效利用率要高于传统工艺,生物化学法低温工艺尤为明显,在工艺选用方面, 不同的低温工艺可以满足不同染色加工的需要。
将上述练漂后的布样按照实施例中的染色工艺进行处理 (不皂洗), 然后按照上述 相关的检测方法进行测试, 结果见表 2:
表 2、 低温工艺和传统工艺染色后 (皂洗前) 性能指标对比
Figure imgf000010_0002
从表 2的数据分析来看: 经染色工艺以后, 各指标发生了明显的变化, 织物的失重 量明显减少,棉纤维上的蜡质含量也进一步的降低,手感变差,但整体的趋势没有改变。
低温工艺在练漂阶段蜡质保留量很高, 经染色工艺后, 洗除的棉蜡比较多, 所以其 残液的 COD值相对比较高, 生物化学法低温工艺其次, 传统工艺因为练漂阶段大量的 杂质均已去除, 所以在该阶段其 COD值最低。
将上述染后的布样按照上述皂洗工艺进行处理,然后按照上述相关的检测方法对各 性能指标进行测试, 结果见表 3:
表 3、 低温工艺和传统工艺皂洗后性能指标对比
Figure imgf000011_0001
表 3 的数据分析如下: 与传统工艺相比, 低温工艺失重量减少 1.8%, 蜡质含量保 留 47.5%, 染色效果和顶破强力与传统工艺相当, 手感比较好, 总 COD值减排 26.3% ; 生物化学法低温工艺失重量减少 0.9%, 蜡质含量保留 42.2%, 染色效果和顶破强力与 传统工艺相当, 手感比较好, 总 COD值减排 12.5%。
由此可见, 经过低温练漂、 低温染色、 低温皂洗的全低温流程处理的棉针织物, 虽 然在双氧水分解率、 白度和毛效等指标可能不及传统工艺, 但同样可以获得理想的染色 效果, 而且由于较好的保留了共生物, 因此在织物的失重、手感、 蜡质含量、残液 COD 值等方面较传统工艺均有明显的优势。
升温能耗分析:
按照实施例与传统工艺流程来核算总的升温能耗, 具体数据见表 4: 表 4、 低温工艺与传统工艺升温过程中的总能耗分析
Figure imgf000012_0001
1. 棉比热: 1.021 (千焦 /公斤布 /°C ), 水比热: 4.184 (千焦 /公斤布 /°C ), 浴比 1 :10, 加工每公斤织物的能耗 (千焦)按公式: (1.021+4.184 X 10) X ( t s 1$-t初始) 计算。 每千克标准煤的热值为 7000千卡 (29288千焦)
在染整加工过程中, 能耗主要包括: 介质水、 织物以及设备在升温过程中所吸收的 热能、升温过程中设备损失的热能以及保温过程中维持温度恒定的热能。表 4中数据仅 分析了介质水和织物在升温过程中的能耗, 低温工艺降低能耗 45.8%, 生物化学法低温 工艺降低能耗 36.0%, 节能作用显著。 设备损失的热能以及保温过程中维持温度恒定的 热能与加工温度的高低有直接关系,温度越高设备散热以及维持温度恒定所需要的能耗 也越大, 所以传统工艺在这部分的能耗也要远大于低温工艺。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 至少包括如下工艺流程: 低温练漂、 低温洗水、 低温染色、 低温皂洗, 其中低温练漂的工艺配方为:
高浓精练剂 0.2〜1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 0.5〜5.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 1.0— 10.0 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0—20.0 g/L
浴比 1 :10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 30〜120min, 排液, 40〜 70°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其 中, 所述的高浓精练剂为 DM-1361 , 双氧水活化剂为 DM-1430。
3. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗的全流程低温染整加工的工艺, 其中, 所述的染色工艺:
活性染料 5.0 %,
Na2S04 10-50.0 g/L
Na2C03 5-20.0 g/L
上述活性染料的用量以对织物重量百分比计 浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升 温到 60°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。
4. 如权利要求 1或 2所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其 中, 所述的低温皂洗工艺为:
低温皂洗剂 0.2〜2.0 g/L
浴比 1:10, 30°C入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 10〜30min, 排液, 冷水洗。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其中, 所述的低温皂洗剂为 DM-1542。
6. 一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 至少包括如下工艺流程: 酶精练、 低温练漂、 低温水洗、 低温染色、 低温皂洗, 其中酶精练、 低温练漂的工艺配 方为:
A)酶精练 高浓精练剂 DM-1361 0.2—1.0 g/L
精练酶 DM-8654 0.3—2.0 g/L
1:5-20, 10-30°C入布 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 30〜60min, 转低温练 漂;
B)低温练漂
高浓精练剂 0.2—1.0 g/L
双氧水活化剂 0.5—5.0 g/L
低温练漂促进剂 0.5—5.0 g/L
固体 NaOH 0.5—5.0 g/L
30 H2O2 5.0—20.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-3CTC入布 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C 保温 30〜120min, 排液, 40〜70°C洗水 10min, 冷水洗。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的一种棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其 中,所述的高浓精练剂为 DM-1361 ,精练酶为 DM-8654;所述的高浓精练剂为 DM-1361 , 双氧水活化剂为 DM-1430, 低温练漂促进剂为 DM-1372。
8. 如权利要求 6或 7所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺,, 其 中, 所述的染色工艺:
活性染料 5.0 %,
Na2S04 10-50.0 g/L
Na2C03 5-20.0 g/L
上述活性染料的用量以对织物重量百分比计 浴比 1:5-20, 10-3CTC入布, 2°C/min 升温到 40-70°C, 保温 60min, 排液, 冷水洗, 中和, 皂洗。
9. 如权利要求 6所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其中, 所述的低温皂洗工艺为:
低温皂洗剂 0.2〜2.0 g/L
浴比 1:5-20, 10-3CTC入布, 2°C/min升温到 40〜70°C, 保温 10〜30min, 排液, 冷 水洗。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的棉针织物练漂、 染色、 皂洗全流程低温染整加工工艺, 其中, 所述的低温皂洗剂为 DM-1542。
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