WO2014129348A1 - 磁石評価装置およびその方法 - Google Patents
磁石評価装置およびその方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014129348A1 WO2014129348A1 PCT/JP2014/053083 JP2014053083W WO2014129348A1 WO 2014129348 A1 WO2014129348 A1 WO 2014129348A1 JP 2014053083 W JP2014053083 W JP 2014053083W WO 2014129348 A1 WO2014129348 A1 WO 2014129348A1
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- magnet
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- magnetic field
- detection coil
- master
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/12—Measuring magnetic properties of articles or specimens of solids or fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/10—Plotting field distribution ; Measuring field distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
- G01N27/9026—Arrangements for scanning by moving the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a magnet evaluation apparatus and method for evaluating a permanent magnet, and more particularly to a magnet evaluation apparatus and method for evaluating good or defective permanent magnets by detecting eddy currents generated in the magnet.
- a magnet to be evaluated is placed in a heat-insulated sample chamber, and a temperature is measured by a thermocouple attached to the magnet to be evaluated by applying a magnetic field to the magnet to be evaluated.
- an apparatus for example, patent document 1. This conventional apparatus evaluates a magnet by capturing eddy current loss as heat generated by the loss.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a magnet evaluation apparatus capable of evaluating eddy current loss generated in a magnet with a simpler configuration, and a magnet evaluation method using this apparatus.
- a magnet evaluation apparatus includes at least one magnet piece of a magnet formed by joining a plurality of magnet pieces with an insulator interposed therebetween and another magnet piece adjacent to the one magnet piece.
- An excitation coil that generates a magnetic field having a size corresponding to a region including an insulator between the magnet, a detection coil that detects eddy currents generated in the magnet, and a plurality of magnet pieces sandwiching the insulator
- a conveying unit that conveys a magnet to be evaluated and a master magnet that is formed by bonding a plurality of magnet pieces with an insulator interposed therebetween, and the magnet to be evaluated is the magnetic field.
- a measurement value obtained by measuring the voltage or current generated in the detection coil when passing through the magnetic field is compared with a measurement value obtained by measuring the voltage or current generated in the detection coil when the master magnet passes through the magnetic field.
- An evaluation unit Characterized in that it has.
- the magnet evaluation method according to the present invention for achieving the above object includes at least one magnet piece formed by joining a plurality of magnet pieces with an insulator interposed therebetween, and another adjacent to the one magnet piece.
- An excitation coil that generates a magnetic field having a size corresponding to an area including an insulator between the magnet pieces, a detection coil that detects eddy currents generated in the magnet, and a plurality of magnet pieces that are made of the insulator
- a magnet evaluation apparatus comprising: a magnet to be evaluated that is joined by means of a magnet; and a transport unit that transports a plurality of magnet pieces and a master magnet that is joined with an insulator so as to pass through the magnetic field.
- the master magnet compares the voltage or current generated in the detection coil when passing through the magnetic field, and evaluating the evaluation target magnet.
- the present invention includes an excitation coil that applies a magnetic field to the magnet to be evaluated and a detection coil that detects eddy current generated in the magnet to be evaluated.
- the exciting coil is a region including an insulator between at least one magnet piece of a magnet to be evaluated formed by joining a plurality of magnet pieces with an insulator interposed therebetween and another magnet piece adjacent to the one magnet piece. A magnetic field having a magnitude in a range corresponding to is generated. Then, the magnet to be evaluated is transported to the excitation coil and the detection coil together with a master magnet whose eddy current loss is known in advance to be a predetermined value or less.
- the magnet to be evaluated was evaluated by measuring and comparing the voltage or current generated in the detection coil when the magnet to be evaluated and the master magnet were conveyed. For this reason, since the eddy current generated in the magnet can be directly measured and evaluated, a large sample chamber as in the prior art becomes unnecessary, and the apparatus configuration can be reduced in size.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a detection coil system. It is the schematic for demonstrating a to-be-evaluated magnet. It is a top view for demonstrating the relationship between an excitation coil and a detection coil. It is a schematic sectional drawing in the evaluation position for demonstrating the relationship between an exciting coil, a detection coil, and a to-be-evaluated magnet (master magnet). It is the schematic for demonstrating the evaluation method of the magnet using a magnet evaluation apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of an evaluation method.
- FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining the configuration of a magnet evaluation apparatus to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 1A is a front view
- FIG. 1B is a side view as viewed from the direction of arrow B in FIG.
- the holder 50 in the figure (a) is excluded)
- (c) is a block diagram of the detection coil system.
- the magnet evaluation apparatus 1 has a C-shaped yoke 11, an excitation coil 12, and a detection coil 13. Moreover, it has the conveyor 14 which conveys the to-be-evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 continuously to the C-shaped division part (evaluation position 15) of the yoke 11.
- the conveyor 14 conveys the magnet to be evaluated 51 and the master magnet 55 set on a holder 50 for aligning the magnet to be evaluated and the master magnet and continuously flowing them (details will be described later).
- a voltmeter 31 (see FIG. 1C) is connected to both ends of the coil wire of the detection coil 13. The measured value of the voltmeter 31 is input to the computer 32 (see FIG. 1C) to determine whether the magnet is good or bad.
- the computer 32 is an evaluation unit.
- the yoke 11 is for forming a magnetic path.
- the yoke 11 is an iron core, and may be one generally used as a material for forming a magnetic path such as a laminate of ferrite plates.
- the exciting coil 12 is wound around the yoke 11. By passing a high-frequency current (alternating current) through the exciting coil 12, an alternating magnetic field is also generated in the C-shaped divided portion (evaluation position 15) through the yoke 11.
- the exciting coil 12 is wound so as not to protrude from the vicinity of the C-shaped divided portion of the yoke 11 (the divided portion of the yoke 11) in order to generate a strong magnetic field as efficiently as possible at the evaluation position 15.
- the magnetic flux generated by the alternating magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 12 passes through the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55.
- an eddy current in a direction that cancels the alternating magnetic field is generated in the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55.
- the high-frequency current applied to the exciting coil 12 may be appropriately set according to the application of the magnet to be evaluated. For example, when evaluating a magnet used in a drive motor for an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, it is mounted on the motor by applying a high-frequency current having a frequency corresponding to the maximum rotation speed of the motor and a frequency corresponding to its harmonics. The eddy current loss of the magnet can be evaluated in a state close to the applied state.
- the voltage of the high-frequency current applied to the exciting coil 12, that is, the strength of the alternating magnetic field to be generated may be any value as long as the detection coil 13 can detect the eddy current (details will be described later).
- the high frequency current is continuously applied to the exciting coil 12 while the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 pass the evaluation position 15.
- the detection coil 13 includes at least one coil for detecting eddy currents generated in the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55.
- an eddy current is generated in the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55, an induced current is generated in the detection coil 13 due to the eddy current.
- the voltmeter 31 is attached to both ends of the coil wire of the detection coil 13, the voltage generated in the detection coil 13 can be measured, and the value becomes the amount of eddy current. Loss caused by eddy current (eddy current loss) becomes a heat generation phenomenon.
- the current generated in the detection coil 13 may be detected as a current value flowing through the detection coil by attaching an ammeter, for example, in addition to the voltmeter.
- a synchroscope may be connected to the detection coil 13 so that the voltage fluctuation waveform can be seen directly.
- the detection coil 13 is arranged so as to be coaxial with the excitation coil 12 while maintaining a clearance that does not prevent continuous movement of the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55.
- the conveyor 14 is a belt conveyor or the like, and continuously conveys the holder 50 set with the magnet to be evaluated 51 and the master magnet 55 at a constant speed so as to pass the evaluation position 15.
- the conveyor 14 is formed of a non-magnetic material and a non-conductive material so that at least a portion entering the magnetic field does not generate an induced current in the magnetic field. This is because if a magnetic material or a conductor enters the magnetic field, the magnetic field is disturbed by them, or measurement errors occur due to eddy currents generated from them. For this reason, as a material of a conveyor, rubber
- the holder 50 serves to hold the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 in alignment. By using this holder 50, the relative positional relationship between the magnet to be evaluated 51 and the master magnet 55 is always aligned, so that the evaluation magnet 15 and the master magnet 55 are placed in the evaluation position 15 on the conveyor 14. It is easy to bring the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 to the same position.
- the holder 50 is manufactured using a non-magnetic and non-conductive material, for example, rubber, resin, ceramics, or the like so that no induced current is generated in the magnetic field.
- the holder 50 may be omitted and the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 may be directly aligned on the conveyor. Instead of the conveyor, the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 set in the holder may be passed through the evaluation position 15 by a robot arm or the like.
- the computer 32 (evaluation unit) detects the voltage due to the current generated in the detection coil 13 and determines the quality of the magnet 51 to be evaluated. Although details of this determination method will be described later, generally, the current value detected by the master magnet 55 is set as a threshold value, and if the current by the magnet 51 to be evaluated is equal to or lower than this threshold value, the product is determined as non-defective.
- the computer 32 is provided with a display like the general computer, and can display the determination result. Further, a communication unit may be provided and connected to a host computer for process management, a server for accumulating determination results, and the like.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the magnet to be evaluated.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated is divided into a plurality of magnet pieces 101 as shown in FIG. As shown in 2 (c), the magnet is recombined on the split surface again.
- a magnet is referred to as a split bonded magnet.
- an adhesive is applied to the divided surfaces and bonded together.
- the dividing surface is oxidized to form an insulating film or an insulating material is sandwiched, and then integrated by a resin mold. Therefore, the magnet 51 to be evaluated is formed by bonding the magnet pieces between the insulators 103 on the bonding surface in both cases of adhesion and resin molding.
- the magnet after joining is also a permanent magnet.
- x indicates the total length in the length direction of the magnet 51 to be evaluated
- x1 indicates the length of one magnet side 101 (here, the plurality of magnet pieces 101 have the same length of x1. But it may be different).
- Y represents the width of the magnet 51 to be evaluated.
- Such a magnet obtained by rejoining one permanent magnet 100 after being divided is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2009-33958 and 2009-148201.
- individually formed magnet pieces were integrated through an insulator. Even a magnet can be evaluated.
- the master magnet 55 is a magnet in which a plurality of magnet pieces, which are permanent magnets, are joined together by sandwiching an insulator, similarly to the magnet 51 to be evaluated.
- a magnet whose eddy current loss is known in advance to be a predetermined value or less is used.
- the master magnet 55 is preferably in the same form as the magnet 51 to be evaluated. That is, when the magnet 51 to be evaluated is a magnet that is rejoined after splitting one permanent magnet, the master magnet 55 is also a magnet that is rejoined after splitting one permanent magnet. When the magnet 51 to be evaluated is a magnet obtained by joining a plurality of individually produced permanent magnets, the master magnet 55 is also a magnet obtained by joining a plurality of individually produced permanent magnets.
- the size of the master magnet (the total length x and the width y and the length x1 of each magnet side) is preferably the same as that of the magnet 51 to be evaluated.
- the number of magnet pieces to be joined may be different even in the same form.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated is composed of 3 or more (for example, 3, 4, 5,..., 10 or more) magnet pieces
- the master magnet 33 may be at least three magnet pieces. It is enough. The reason will be explained.
- the voltage detected by the detection coil differs between the magnet piece at the end and the magnet piece between the magnet pieces on both sides (details will be described later). For this reason, since it is necessary for the master magnet 55 to have a magnet piece at the end and a magnet piece between the magnet pieces adjacent to each other, the master magnet 55 is composed of at least three magnet pieces. become.
- the master magnet 55 is composed of at least three magnet pieces, even the evaluated magnet 51 made up of three or more magnet pieces can be evaluated. Details of the evaluation method will be described later.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view for explaining the relationship between the excitation coil, the detection coil, and the magnet to be evaluated (master magnet).
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view (excluding the conveyor 14) at the evaluation position for explaining the relationship between the excitation coil, the detection coil, and the magnet to be evaluated (master magnet).
- EC is the dimension of the exciting coil 12
- DC is the dimension of the detecting coil 13
- M is the dimension of the magnet, and in each case, the direction shown in FIG. same as y).
- G is the distance (gap) between the detection coil 13 and the magnet piece 101.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated shown in FIG. 2 will be described as an example, but the same applies to the master magnet 55.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated has a form in which a plurality of magnet pieces 101 are connected and integrated as described above.
- both the magnet under evaluation 51 and the master magnet 55 detect eddy currents for each of the plurality of magnet pieces 101 integrated.
- the exciting coil 12 is arranged in a region including the insulator 103 between at least one magnet piece 101 and the magnet piece 101 adjacent to the one magnet piece 101 in the length direction, as shown in FIG. It is set to a magnitude that generates an alternating magnetic field having a magnitude in a corresponding range.
- the dimension EC of the exciting coil 12 > the dimension M of the magnet.
- the alternating magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 12 covers a part of the magnet piece 101 to be evaluated and the magnet piece 101 adjacent thereto.
- the section of the yoke 11 (the end face of the C-shaped divided portion) is made larger than the range including the two adjacent magnet pieces 101.
- At least one magnet piece 101 to be evaluated and a part of the magnet piece 101 adjacent to the magnet piece 101 enter the alternating magnetic field and affect the evaluation target magnet piece 101 together with the magnet piece 101 to be evaluated. Eddy currents can also be generated in part of the adjacent magnet pieces 101.
- the exciting coil 12 becomes large, which hinders downsizing of the apparatus. Therefore, for example, if an alternating magnetic field having a size corresponding to the area including the two adjacent magnet pieces 101 is generated, it is ensured that one magnet piece 101 and a part of the magnet piece 101 adjacent thereto are reliably provided. This is preferable because an alternating magnetic field can be applied.
- the exciting coil necessary for generating an alternating magnetic field having a size corresponding to a region including two adjacent magnet pieces 101 one magnet piece in the direction in which the magnet pieces are arranged is used. The range is preferably 2/3 to 2 times the length of 101. This will be described with reference to FIG.
- the size of the exciting coil 12 is preferably in the range of the length x1 ⁇ 2/3 to x1 ⁇ 2 of the magnet piece 101. This is because if the size of the exciting coil 12 is less than 2/3 of the length of one magnet piece 101, the size of the magnetic field is not sufficient, and if it exceeds twice, the device becomes undesirably large. Because.
- the detection coil 13 is sized so as to detect only the eddy current of the magnet piece 101 to be evaluated among the eddy currents generated in a normal state of the magnet piece 101 to be evaluated and the magnet piece 101 adjacent thereto.
- the coil diameter of the detection coil 13 is set to be equal to or smaller than the length of one magnet piece 101 to be evaluated in the direction in which the magnet pieces are arranged (the coil diameter of the detection coil 13 is 2)
- the width of the detection coil 13 is also made smaller than the magnet piece 101 as shown in FIG.
- the magnetic field generated by the eddy current generated in each magnet piece is generated so as to spread from the magnet piece, and the magnetic field at the end of the magnet piece is uneven due to the influence of the shape of the end of the magnet piece and the adhesion part between adjacent magnet pieces. Therefore, in order to measure the magnetic field generated by the eddy current generated in the magnet in a uniform state, it is preferable to make the size of the detection coil 13 smaller than the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the magnet. That is, the dimension M of the magnet> the dimension DC of the detection coil 13 is set.
- the magnetic field generated by the eddy current generated in each magnet piece 101 is generated so as to spread from the magnet piece, the distance from the magnet piece 101, the amount of deviation from the center line c of the magnet piece 101, and the like are also detected by the detection coil 13. Affects the measured value. Therefore, it is preferable to make the distance (gap G) between the detection coil 13 and the magnet piece 101 sufficiently short.
- the center line C of the detection coil 13 and the center line c of the magnet piece 101 are matched (in FIG. 4, C and c are the same position), and the detection coil 13 and the magnet piece 101 are in an appropriate positional relationship. By doing so, the eddy current loss of a magnet can be evaluated with higher accuracy.
- the positional relationship between the center line C of the detection coil 13 and the center line c of the magnet piece 101 can be easily positioned with respect to both the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 by using the holder 50. .
- the detection coil 13 is provided on the end surface of the C-shaped divided portion of the yoke 11 so as to be on the same axis as the excitation coil 12. “On the same axis” means that the center of the coil diameter in the direction in which the magnet pieces 101 of the exciting coil 12 are arranged and the center of the coil diameter in the direction in which the magnet pieces 101 of the detection coil 13 are arranged are at the same position. is there.
- the detection coil 13 By arranging the detection coil 13 on the same axis as the excitation coil 12, the eddy current generated in the magnet piece 101 can be reliably detected. However, even if it is on the same axis, as a mechanical arrangement error, for example, if it is about the thickness of the coil wire, it is an allowable range. In actual device manufacture, for example, the position of the detection coil 13 may be moved with respect to the position of the excitation coil 12 so that the eddy current can be most detected.
- a plurality of detection coils 13 having different coil diameters may be provided in the end face of one yoke 11. Thereby, even if the size of the magnet piece 101 of the magnet 51 to be evaluated changes, it can be dealt with immediately by simply switching the detection coil 13 to be used in accordance with the size of the magnet piece 101.
- a switch is attached between the plurality of detection coils and the voltmeter, and the detection coil used corresponding to the size of the magnet piece of the magnet to be evaluated is used. It is good to switch.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a magnet evaluation method using the magnet evaluation apparatus 1.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the evaluation method.
- an evaluated magnet 51 to be evaluated and a master magnet 55 to be compared are passed through an evaluation position 15 of a magnet evaluation apparatus including a yoke 11, an excitation coil 12, and a detection coil 13. And the eddy current loss which generate
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are set on the holder 50.
- the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 are both split junction magnets as described above.
- the end magnet piece of the magnet 51 to be evaluated is referred to as an end magnet piece 101a.
- a magnet piece having magnet pieces on both sides is referred to as an intermediate magnet piece 101b.
- an end magnet piece is referred to as an end magnet piece 201a, and a magnet piece having magnet pieces on both sides is referred to as an intermediate magnet piece 201b.
- the insulator is not shown in FIG.
- the holder 50 is formed such that the centers in the width direction of the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are aligned.
- the holder 50 rises from the bottom portion 50a on which the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 are placed, and both ends of the bottom portion 50a in the width direction, and extends in the width direction of the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55. Wall members 50b for restricting both end faces are provided.
- At least one master magnet 55 may be set in one holder 50, and one or more magnets 51 to be evaluated may be set.
- the time between measuring the magnets 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 becomes long, and the environmental temperature and the like are increased. May change. If it does so, there exists a possibility that the difference in environmental temperature may affect the measurement result of these several to-be-evaluated magnets 51 and the master magnet 55.
- FIG. Therefore, it is most preferable to set one magnet 51 to be evaluated and one master magnet 55 in one holder 50. By doing in this way, the time interval which measures the to-be-evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 can be shortened, and it can always measure in the same environment.
- At least one master magnet 55 and a plurality of magnets 51 to be evaluated may be set in one holder 50.
- the evaluation is shown in FIG.
- the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 together with the holder 50 are sequentially passed through the evaluation position 15 where the yoke 11, the exciting coil 12, and the detecting coil 13 are arranged.
- an alternating magnetic field (high frequency magnetic field) h1 is applied to the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 by the exciting coil 12, and an eddy current is applied to the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55.
- An induced current flows in the detection coil 13 by the magnetic field h2 generated by the generated eddy current.
- the eddy current loss is evaluated by observing the voltage (or current) of the induced current generated in the detection coil 13.
- the evaluated magnet 51 By sequentially passing the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 through the evaluation position 15 in this way, the evaluated magnet 51 can be evaluated so that the ambient temperature and the disturbance factor are in substantially the same environment and the same conditions. It becomes possible.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are set in the holder 50 (S0).
- the holder 50 is placed at a predetermined position on the conveyor 14, and a high frequency is passed through the exciting coil 12 to generate an alternating magnetic field (S1).
- the center of the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 may be slightly shifted from the center of the excitation coil 12 and the detection coil 13. Since this evaluation method is only a comparison between the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55, if the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are shifted in the same way, the detected eddy current also increases or decreases with the same tendency. Because it does.
- the dimension EC of the exciting coil 12> the dimension M of the magnet and the dimension M of the magnet> the dimension DC of the detection coil 13 are set.
- the magnets 51 and the master magnets 55 are placed so that the centers of the widths of the magnets 51 and 55 are located at the centers of the excitation coil 12 and the detection coil 13.
- the conveyor 14 is activated, and the eddy current is measured while sequentially passing the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 in the alternating magnetic field, that is, the evaluation position 15 (S1).
- the eddy current is measured by measuring the induced current generated in the detection coil 13 with the voltmeter 31 for each magnet piece 101 while passing through the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55.
- the value of the voltmeter 31 is input to the computer 32.
- the computer 32 determines the quality of the magnet 51 to be evaluated from the value of the input voltmeter 31 (S3). This determination is performed by comparing the voltage of each magnet piece 101 of the master magnet 55 with the voltage of each magnet piece 101 of the magnet 51 to be evaluated (determination method will be described later).
- Such a flow of evaluation can be controlled by the computer 32, for example.
- the computer 32 activates the exciting coil 12 and the conveyor 14. And the computer 32 takes in the value which measured the induced current which generate
- the voltage value taken into the memory by the computer 32 is evaluated by comparing each magnet piece with the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55. The voltage value taken into the memory may be recorded as a file so that it can be output later.
- the line control device other than the computer 32 controls the activation and stop of the excitation coil 12 and the conveyor 14, and the computer 32 may capture and evaluate the value of the voltmeter 31.
- the order of conveyance into the magnetic field (evaluation position 15) is set such that the evaluated magnet 51 comes first and the master magnet 55 comes later. It is good. Even in such a case, the same evaluation can be made.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of eddy current and the amount of heat generated in the magnet.
- the vertical axis represents the amount of heat generated by the magnet (° C.), indicating that the temperature increases as it goes upward, and the horizontal axis indicates the amount of eddy current (V), indicating that the voltage increases as it goes right.
- Patent Document 1 the amount of heat generated by the magnet was measured by placing a sample magnet in a container surrounded by a heat insulating material, applying a magnetic field, and measuring the temperature with a thermocouple attached to the magnet. . At this time, an eddy current is generated by applying a magnetic field to the magnet, and when the temperature rises to some extent, it reaches the saturation temperature and does not rise any further. Therefore, this saturation temperature was used as the calorific value.
- the amount of eddy current was measured by using the same magnet as the sample magnet whose calorific value was measured using the same apparatus as this embodiment. By preparing multiple sample magnets of different sizes, the eddy currents and the amount of heat generated in each sample magnet were made different. In addition, it was confirmed that none of the sample magnets was visually defective (no cracks or defects).
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of eddy current in the magnet and the volume of the magnet.
- the vertical axis represents the amount of eddy current (V), indicating that the voltage increases as it goes upward
- the horizontal axis indicates the size (volume) of the magnet, indicating that the volume increases as it goes to the right. .
- FIG. 8 The results in FIG. 8 are obtained by measuring the amount of eddy current using a device similar to this embodiment using a plurality of sample magnets having different sizes as in FIG.
- the amount of eddy current measured by the magnet evaluation apparatus of this embodiment is correlated with the size of the magnet to be measured and the heat generated by the eddy current. Recognize. And it turns out that an eddy current loss can be measured similarly to the sample room insulated like the prior art by using the magnet evaluation apparatus of this embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the eddy current detection results in the split bonded magnet and the non-split magnet.
- the vertical axis represents the voltage (V) of the detection coil
- the horizontal axis represents time (the magnet to be evaluated is moved in the direction in which the magnet pieces are arranged).
- a is a measured value of the split bonded magnet, and is a measured value of the split bonded magnet in which a plurality of magnet pieces are bonded with an insulator interposed therebetween.
- b is a measurement value of the non-divided magnet, and is a measurement value measured so as not to be influenced by eddy currents before joining the same magnet pieces as the divided joint magnets (that is, the magnet pieces). Are measured one by one). Note that the measurement value b in the figure is actually separated from each magnet piece, so that the measurement time interval is different for each magnet piece.
- the voltage peak of the measurement value b is a split junction magnet. The measured value a is adjusted so as to be approximately at the same position.
- the measured value a of the split bonded magnet is lower than the measured value b of the non-split magnet.
- the measurement value of each magnet piece is affected by the adjacent magnet piece, and thus the measurement value is small.
- the magnet piece located at the end is an intermediate magnet piece (FIG. 5A) with the magnet pieces adjacent to each other. It can be seen that it is higher than the intermediate magnet piece 101b).
- the magnet piece at the end of the magnet to be evaluated is compared with the magnet piece at the end of the master magnet, and the intermediate magnet piece having the magnet pieces on both sides is also in the master magnet. It was decided to compare with a magnet piece with a magnet piece on both sides.
- the magnet piece 101 a at the end of the magnet 51 to be evaluated is compared with the measured value of the magnet piece 201 a at the end of the master magnet 55.
- the intermediate magnet piece 101b having the magnet pieces on both sides is compared with the measured value of the magnet piece 201b having the magnet pieces on both sides also in the master magnet 55.
- a threshold value is set for each position of the magnet piece in the master magnet 55, and the measured values of the magnet pieces of the magnet 51 to be evaluated having the same positional relationship are compared. You may do it.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the threshold value set for each position of the master magnet and the magnet to be evaluated.
- the measured value (voltage) of the magnet piece at the leading end side in the traveling direction is the first threshold value
- the measured value (voltage) of the intermediate magnet piece is the second threshold value
- the measured value of the magnet piece at the trailing end in the traveling direction Let (voltage) be the third threshold value.
- the measured value of the magnet piece of the magnet to be evaluated at the position corresponding to the first to third threshold values is compared with the first to third threshold values.
- the threshold value is set to the measured value (voltage) of the master magnet as it is for each position. Instead, the measured value (voltage) of the master magnet is used instead.
- a threshold value with a slight margin may be set. For example, when a sufficiently small magnet is selected as the master magnet for an allowable range in which eddy current loss is required, a value that is larger than the measured value and allowed as eddy current loss is set as the threshold value. . Specifically, when a magnet having an eddy current loss of 10% or more smaller than the allowable range is selected, a voltage value about 10% larger than the measured value is set as the threshold value.
- the threshold value By setting the threshold value in this way, it becomes possible to evaluate not based on the measured value of the master magnet itself but by a threshold value that is within an allowable range based on the measured value. For example, when a master magnet is selected, if an insulator having better insulation than the magnet to be evaluated is used, the eddy current loss of the master magnet is higher than a desired value. In such a case, if the measurement value of the master magnet itself is used to determine pass / fail, even if the eddy current loss of the magnet to be evaluated is a value that can be used, it may be determined to be defective. is there. Therefore, in such a case, excessive failure determination can be prevented by setting a threshold value that falls within the allowable range of eddy current loss based on the value measured by the master magnet.
- the threshold value itself may be the value measured by the master magnet. Even in this case, it is possible to evaluate the quality of the magnet to be evaluated only by comparing the threshold value and the comparison value without reading the value measured by the master magnet from the memory at the time of comparison.
- the exciting coil 12 is an alternating power having a size corresponding to an area including an insulator between at least one magnet piece 101 and the magnet piece 101 adjacent to the one magnet piece 101. Generate a magnetic field.
- the detection coil 13 for detecting the eddy current generated in the magnet piece 101 by the alternating magnetic field the coil diameter is smaller than the length of one magnet piece 101 in the direction in which the plurality of magnet pieces 101 are arranged. As a result, only the eddy current generated in one magnet piece 101 among the magnets (evaluated magnet 51 and master magnet 55) formed by joining a plurality of magnet pieces 101 with the insulator 103 interposed therebetween is directly and reliably detected. Can be detected.
- the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are continuously passed to measure the eddy currents, and the eddy currents measured for the respective magnet pieces of the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are compared.
- the evaluated magnet 51 is to be evaluated.
- the magnetic field generated by the eddy current generated in the magnet can be measured almost simultaneously with the application of the alternating magnetic field, and the quality of the evaluated magnet can be evaluated and determined in a very short time.
- the present embodiment since the present embodiment only compares the voltage value or current value caused by the eddy current generated by the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55, the measured eddy current is converted into a calorific value that causes eddy current loss. Therefore, the magnet can be evaluated very easily. Furthermore, by using this embodiment, a sample chamber covered with a heat insulating material as in the prior art becomes unnecessary, and the apparatus can be miniaturized. For this reason, apparatus cost can be reduced.
- the detection coil 13 is made smaller than one magnet piece 101 and the plurality of magnet pieces 101 are joined via the insulator 103, the eddy current generated in each magnet piece 101 can be reliably detected. Can do. For this reason, it is possible to detect a defect due to a dielectric breakdown due to a defect of an insulator between the magnet pieces and a defect due to a defect or a crack (internal damage) existing in each magnet piece 101.
- the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the end magnet piece 101a at the end of the plurality of magnet pieces 101 constituting the magnet 51 to be evaluated passes through the magnetic field
- the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the end magnet piece 201a at the end of the plurality of magnet pieces constituting the master magnet 55 passes through the magnetic field was compared.
- the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the intermediate magnet piece 101b having magnet pieces adjacent to both of the magnet pieces 101 of the magnet 51 to be evaluated passes through the magnetic field, and the master magnet 55
- the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the intermediate magnet piece 201b having the magnet pieces on both sides of the plurality of magnet pieces passed through the magnetic field was compared.
- the first threshold value, the second threshold value, and the third threshold value are set corresponding to the positions of the magnet pieces constituting the master magnet 55. That is, among the plurality of magnet pieces of the master magnet 55, the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the end magnet piece 201a at the tip in the direction of being conveyed by the conveyor 14 (conveyance unit) passes through the magnetic field. Based on the first threshold value, the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when the intermediate magnet piece 201b having magnet pieces adjacent to both of the plurality of magnet pieces of the master magnet 55 passes through the magnetic field.
- the detection coil 13 A third threshold based on a measured value of the generated voltage or current.
- the measured value of the voltage or current generated in the detection coil 13 when each magnet piece of the magnet 51 to be evaluated passes through the magnetic field is evaluated as the first to third threshold values corresponding to the positions of the magnet pieces, respectively.
- the threshold value corresponding to the position of the magnet piece constituting the master magnet 55 not only the measured value of the master magnet 55 itself but also the measured value of the master magnet 55 can be set to a predetermined allowable range. Can be set as a threshold value.
- a holder for aligning the positions of the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 is prepared, and the evaluated magnet 51 and the master magnet 55 are set in the holder and transported. For this reason, positioning when the magnet 51 to be evaluated and the master magnet 55 are conveyed becomes easy.
- the number of magnet pieces is three or more for both the magnet to be evaluated and the master magnet.
- the magnet to be evaluated that is constituted by two magnet pieces can also be evaluated.
- using a master magnet composed of three magnet pieces compare the measured value of the end magnet piece of this master magnet with the measured value of each magnet piece of the two magnet pieces to be evaluated. But it can be evaluated.
- the measured values of the magnet pieces differ depending on whether the magnet piece is only adjacent to one side or the magnet piece is adjacent to both sides.
- the measured value of the end magnet piece is the same as that of the magnet composed of two magnet pieces, so the measured value is used.
- the to-be-evaluated magnet comprised by two magnet pieces can be evaluated.
- 1 Magnet evaluation device 11 York, 12 Excitation coil, 13 detection coil, 14 conveyor, 15 evaluation position, 31 Voltmeter, 32 computers, 50 holders, 51 magnet to be evaluated, 55 Master magnet, 100 permanent magnets, 101 Magnet piece, 101a, 201a end magnet pieces, 101b, 201b Middle magnet piece.
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Abstract
Description
評価は、図5(b)に示すように、ホルダー50ごと被評価磁石51およびマスター磁石55をヨーク11、励磁コイル12、および検出コイル13が配置されている評価位置15内に順次通過させる。これにより被評価磁石51およびマスター磁石55が通過する際、励磁コイル12により交番磁界(高周波磁場)h1が被評価磁石51およびマスター磁石55に印加され、被評価磁石51およびマスター磁石55に渦電流sが発生する。発生した渦電流により生じた磁場h2により検出コイル13に誘導電流が流れる。そして、検出コイル13に生じた誘導電流の電圧(または電流)が観測されることで、渦電流損の評価が行われる。
11 ヨーク、
12 励磁コイル、
13 検出コイル、
14 コンベア、
15 評価位置、
31 電圧計、
32 コンピュータ、
50 ホルダー、
51 被評価磁石、
55 マスター磁石、
100 永久磁石、
101 磁石片、
101a、201a 端部磁石片、
101b、201b 中間部磁石片。
Claims (7)
- 複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなる磁石の少なくとも一つの磁石片と当該一つの磁石片に隣接する他の磁石片との間の絶縁物を含む領域に相当する範囲の大きさの磁界を発生させる励磁コイルと、
前記磁石に発生する渦電流を検出する検出コイルと、
複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなる被評価磁石と、複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなるマスター磁石とを、前記磁界中を通過させるように搬送する搬送部と、
前記被評価磁石が前記磁界を通過したときに前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流を測定した測定値と、前記マスター磁石が前記磁界を通過したときに前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流を測定した測定値とを比較する評価部と、
を有することを特徴とする磁石評価装置。 - 前記評価部は、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち端にある端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と、前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち端にある端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値とを比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と、前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値とを比較することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁石評価装置。 - 前記評価部は、
前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち、前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の先端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第1しきい値、
前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある前記中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第2しきい値、
前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち、前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の後端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第3しきい値、をそれぞれ設定して、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の先端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第1しきい値を比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある前記中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第2しきい値を比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の後端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第3しきい値を比較することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の磁石評価装置。 - 前記搬送部は、前記被評価磁石および前記マスター磁石の位置を揃えるホルダーにセットされた状態で前記被評価磁石および前記マスター磁石を搬送することを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一つに記載の磁石評価装置。
- 複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなる磁石の少なくとも一つの磁石片と当該一つの磁石片に隣接する他の磁石片との間の絶縁物を含む領域に相当する範囲の大きさの磁界を発生させる励磁コイルと、
前記磁石に発生する渦電流を検出する検出コイルと、
複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなる被評価磁石と、複数の磁石片を絶縁物をはさんで接合してなるマスター磁石とを、前記磁界中を通過させるように搬送する搬送部と、
を有する磁石評価装置を使用して、
前記搬送部によって前記被評価磁石と前記マスター磁石を前記磁界中を通過させて、前記被評価磁石が前記磁界を通過したときに前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流と、前記搬送部によって搬送された前記マスター磁石が前記磁界を通過したときに前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流とを比較することで、前記被評価磁石を評価することを特徴とする磁石評価方法。 - 前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち端にある端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と、前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち端にある端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値とを比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と、前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値とを比較することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の磁石評価方法。 - 前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち、前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の先端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第1しきい値、
前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある前記中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第2しきい値、
前記マスター磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち、前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の後端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値に基づいた第3しきい値、をそれぞれ設定して、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の先端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第1しきい値を比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち両隣に磁石片がある前記中間部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第2しきい値を比較し、
前記被評価磁石の前記複数の磁石片のうち前記搬送部により搬送させる方向の後端にある前記端部磁石片が前記磁界中を通過した時に前記検出コイルに発生した電圧または電流の測定値と前記第3しきい値を比較することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の磁石評価方法。
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- 2014-02-10 US US14/764,085 patent/US9625539B2/en active Active
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JP2019049767A (ja) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-28 | 東芝テック株式会社 | 磁気インク読取装置及びプリンタ |
JP2020060424A (ja) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-16 | 株式会社Soken | 鉄損測定装置及び測定制御装置 |
JP7067403B2 (ja) | 2018-10-09 | 2022-05-16 | 株式会社Soken | 鉄損測定装置及び測定制御装置 |
WO2024024821A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-29 | 2024-02-01 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 磁石モジュール、センサモジュール及び磁石モジュールの製造方法 |
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CN105026947B (zh) | 2017-09-12 |
JP5943140B2 (ja) | 2016-06-29 |
EP2960669B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
JPWO2014129348A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
CN105026947A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
EP2960669A4 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
US9625539B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
EP2960669A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
US20160011282A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
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