WO2014124552A1 - N-取代的氨基丁内酯衍生物及其用途 - Google Patents
N-取代的氨基丁内酯衍生物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014124552A1 WO2014124552A1 PCT/CN2013/001597 CN2013001597W WO2014124552A1 WO 2014124552 A1 WO2014124552 A1 WO 2014124552A1 CN 2013001597 W CN2013001597 W CN 2013001597W WO 2014124552 A1 WO2014124552 A1 WO 2014124552A1
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- Prior art keywords
- hydroxy
- hydrocarbyl
- group
- hydroxybenzoyl
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- 0 C*(CC1=C)*C1=O Chemical compound C*(CC1=C)*C1=O 0.000 description 2
- SAIHVLPYQAPBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(NC(COC1O)C1=C)=O Chemical compound CC(NC(COC1O)C1=C)=O SAIHVLPYQAPBRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D307/66—Nitrogen atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compounds of formula I and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof for use in the treatment of cancer, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications, infections, cardiovascular diseases and defective reperfusion injury. Background technique
- NF-KB nuclear factor-kappa B
- NF-KB nuclear factor-kappa B
- septic shock neurodegenerative diseases
- AT dysregulated telangiectasia
- arthritis asthma
- inflammatory bowel disease and other inflammatory conditions.
- Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide activates NF- ⁇ to produce septic shock, because NF- ⁇ overactivates transcription of many cytokines and modified enzymes, and their prolonged expression can adversely affect key organs such as the heart.
- liver function Arcaroli et al., 2006; Niu et al., 2008).
- autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus
- NF- ⁇ transcription factors are essential for proper dendritic cell maturation, and their loss is a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (Kalergis et al., 2008; Kurylowicz and Nauman, 2008).
- Amyloid beta peptides result in the production of reactive oxygen intermediates and indirectly activate gene expression via NF- ⁇ sites (Gi et al., 2005).
- RA rheumatoid arthritis
- Periodontal disease is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately 1.0% of American adults. The ratio of female to male is 2.5 to I (Lawrence et al., 1998). Its sign is the progressive joint destruction that leads to the main morbid state.
- Periodontal disease is very common, affecting up to 90% of the world's population. It is known to be the main source of tooth loss in adults (Pihlstrom et al., 2005). Although very common, the mechanism of periodontal bone erosion is still unclear, although it appears that the host's response to pathogenic microorganisms present in the mouth triggers the process.
- pro-inflammatory cytokines driven by constitutive activation of the NF- ⁇ pathway in inflamed tissues.
- cytokines i.e., TNF-0 IL-1 and IL-6, which in turn are involved in osteoclast differentiation signaling and bone resorption activity. Therefore, inflammatory osteolysis is caused by the recruitment and activation of osteoclasts promoted by NF- ⁇ -driven pro-inflammatory cell rafts in inflamed tissues.
- IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
- Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis which differ in their unique histopathological properties and immune response (Atreya et al., 2008; Bouma and Strober, 2003).
- Current treatments have limited efficacy and may have side effects that make patients and physicians eager to control new forms of chronic relapsing inflammatory properties of these diseases.
- NF- ⁇ NF- ⁇ DNA-binding activity accompanied by increased production of interleukin (IL) 1, IL6, and tumor necrosis TNFa (Neurath et al., 1998).
- IL interleukin
- IL6 interleukin 6
- TNFa tumor necrosis TNFa
- NF- ⁇ plays a key role in the activation of T helper 1 (Thl) and T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, both of which are required to promote and maintain snoring (Barnes, 1997). Due to the central role of NF- ⁇ in IBD, considerable efforts have been made to develop therapeutics that target this pathway.
- NF- ⁇ is shown to be constitutively expressed in many cancer-derived cell lines from breast, ovary, colon, pancreas, thyroid, prostate, lung, head and neck, bladder and skin tumors (Calzado et al., 2007).
- B-cell lymphoma Hodgkin's disease
- T-cell lymphoma adult T-cell leukemia
- acute lymphocytic leukemia multiple myeloma
- chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia
- NF- ⁇ is a key mediator of normal inflammation as part of a defensive response; however, chronic inflammation can lead to cancer, diabetes and many of the other diseases mentioned above.
- pro-inflammatory gene products have been identified as key mediators in carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, invasion, and tumor cell metastasis.
- These gene products are members of TNF- ⁇ and its superfamily, IL-lo IL-1 D, IL-6, IL-8, IL-18, chemokines, MMP-9, VEGF, COX-2 and 5 -LOX.
- the expression of all these genes is mainly regulated by the transcriptional H NF- ⁇ , which is constitutively active in most tumors and is caused by carcinogens (such as cigarette smoke), tumor promoters, and oncogenic viral proteins (HIV-tat, KHSV).
- influenza virus protein hemagglutinin also activates NF- ⁇ , which leads to viral induction of cellular K and some influenza-related symptoms (Flory et al., 2000; Pahl and Baeue R'e, 1995).
- Oxidative lipids of atherosclerosis-associated LDL-activated NF-KB which then activate other genes, such as inflammatory cytokines (Liao et al., 1994).
- atherosclerotic susceptible mice show NF- ⁇ activation when fed an atherogenic diet because of their association with lipid peroxidation product accumulation, inflammatory gene induction, and activation of NF- ⁇ transcription factor. Sclerosing lesion formation is sensitive (Liao et al., 1994).
- Another important cause of atherosclerosis is thrombin, which stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through NF- ⁇ activation (Maruyama et al., 1997).
- ⁇ repressor protein has been shown to be a cause of ionizing radiation hypersensitivity, which is defective in the regulation of DNA synthesis in constitutive levels of NF- ⁇ -activated dysregulated telangiectasia (AT) cells ( Jung et al., 1995).
- AT NF- ⁇ -activated dysregulated telangiectasia
- This mutation in ⁇ of AT cells shows repressor inactivation leading to constitutive activation of the NF- ⁇ pathway.
- abnormal activation or expression of NF- ⁇ is clearly associated with various pathological conditions.
- NF- ⁇ regulates CCR 5 as a key receptor for H1V-1 Expression (Liu et al., 1998).
- Deletion analysis of the CCR-5 promoter demonstrated that loss of the 3'-distal NF-KB/AP-1 locus reduced transcription by >95% (Liu et al., 1998). It is suggested that constitutive expression of NF- ⁇ leads to a sharp decrease in CCR-5 receptor information.
- CCR 5 Since the expression level of CCR 5 on the surface of target T-cells affects the entry kinetics of HIV-1 (Ketas et al., 2007; Piatt et al., 1998) Reeves et al., 2002), Down-regulation of CCR 5 can constrain the spread of a large number of infected cell populations that produce a viral pool. It has also been reported that NF- ⁇ affects CXCR 4 expression (Helbig et al., 2003), suggesting that NF- ⁇ inhibitors may be equally Effective for anti-infective sputum 4-tropic isolates.
- NF- ⁇ promotes the expression of more than 150 target genes in response to inflammatory stimuli.
- genomics include interleukin-1, -2, -6 and tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF-R) (these receptors mediate apoptosis and act as inflammatory regulators) and encode immunoreceptors Molecules and enzymes, such as the gene for cyclooxygenase-II and inducible-nitric oxide ribozyme (iNOS) (Karin, 2006; Tergaonkar, 2006). It also plays a key role in the progression of viral infections, such as HCV and HIV-1 related diseases.
- iNOS inducible-nitric oxide ribozyme
- NF- ⁇ family include RelA/p65, RelB, c-ReK p50/pl 05 (NF-KB1)$I p52/pl00 (NF-KB2) (Hayden and Ghosh, 2004; Hayden et al., 2006a; Hayden et al. ., 2006b).
- Members of the Rel family act as homodimers or heterodimers with different specificities for cis-binding elements located within the promoter domain of the NF- ⁇ -regulatory gene (Bosisio et al., 2006; Natoli et al. , 2005; Saccani et al., 2004).
- NF- ⁇ composed of RelAlp65 and p50 heterodimers, is the most well-studied form of NF-KB (Burstein and Duckett, 2003; Hayden and Ghosh, 2004) and references therein).
- classical NF- ⁇ Prior to cell stimulation, classical NF- ⁇ resides in the cytoplasm as an inactive complex that binds to the ⁇ inhibitory protein.
- NF- ⁇ such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory cell ganglion or HIV-1 Vpr protein
- NF- ⁇ bacterial lipopolysaccharide, inflammatory cell ganglion or HIV-1 Vpr protein
- ⁇ ⁇ -kinase complex
- Phosphoric acid of ⁇ is labeled for subsequent ubiquitination and by 26S egg! Free NF- ⁇ dimers are translocated into the nucleus, stimulating their target gene transcription in the nucleus.
- DHMEQ racemic dehydroxymethyl epoxiconomycin
- DHMEQ The molecular design of racemic dehydroxymethyl epoxiconomycin
- DHMEQ is a racemate synthesized from 2,5-dimethoxyaniline in five steps. Separation of the enantiomers using a chiral column yields the (+) and (-) enantiomers. (-) - Enantiomers show inhibition of NF-KB over the (+)-enantiomer (Umezawa et al. 2004). DHMEQ was identified as specifically inhibiting the translocation of NF- ⁇ into the nucleus (Ariga et al. 2002).
- DHMEQ covalently modifies a specific cysteine residue in p65 and other Rel homologous proteins at a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 (Yammamoto et al. 2008).
- DHMEQ As an NF- ⁇ inhibitor, DHMEQ has been extensively tested in animal models of various diseases, demonstrating broad-spectrum efficacy including caring for solid tumors, hematological malignancies, arthritis, intestinal ischemia, and atherosclerosis (Watanabe) Etc. 2006). Therefore, DHMEQ can be used as a treatment for cancer and inflammation (Takeuchi et al. 2003). Summary of the invention
- the present invention aims to provide a new class of therapeutically active agents for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, diabetes and diabetes complications, infections, cardiovascular diseases and defective reperfusion injuries.
- R' is selected from:
- Each R 3 is independently hydrogen; CF 3; phenyl optionally substituted with the following groups: cyano, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, (C r C 6 )alkyl, (C,-C 6 )hydrocarbyl-OH, (C C6) alkoxy, COR 4 , NR 5 R 6 or NHCO (-)hydrocarbyl); cyano; halogen; nitro; hydroxy; (C,-C 6 )hydrocarbyl; (C 3 -C 6 ) Hydrocarbyl; (C,-C 6 )hydrocarbyl-OH; -hydrocarbyl-NR 5 R 6 ; difluoromethyl; (C r C 6 )alkoxy; (( ⁇ -(: 6 ) thiodecyloxy; Phenoxy; COR 4 ; NR 5 R 6 ; NHCO(C,-C 6 )hydrocarbyl; S0 3 H; S0 2 (C,-C 6 )
- R 2 is H, R 7 , COR 7 , CONHR 7 , COOR 7 , C OCOR 7 , P(0)(OH) 2 , P(0)(0(Ci-C 6 )hydrocarbyl) 2 , POXOC OCC dQ hydrocarbon group 2 ), PCOXOHXOCHsOCO-Q hydrocarbyl), POXOHXOd-Cs) hydrocarbyl), or PiOXOHXd-Cs) hydrocarbyl), P OXO -Ci hydrocarbyl) 2 , POXOCHzOCO Ci- )hydrocarbyl) 2 , P(0)(OH)(OCH 2 ) An inorganic salt of OCO(C , -C 6 )hydrocarbyl), P(0)(OH)(OC,-C 6 )hydrocarbyl) or hydrazine (0)( ⁇ )(0 ⁇ 6 )hydrocarbyl), or a glycosyl group ( removing the hemiacetal form of
- R 4 is independently hydroxy, (C) alkoxy, phenoxy or -NR 5 R 6 .
- R 5 and R 6 are each independently hydrogen; ( )hydrocarbyl or (C r C 6 )cycloalkyl; or R 5 and R 6 may be optionally combined with a nitrogen atom to form a heteroatom containing a hetero atom selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur.
- a compound of formula I according to the invention wherein R 2 H, R 7 , COR 7 , CONHR 7 , COOR 7 , CH 2 OCOR 7 , P(0)(OH) 2 , P(0)(0(C,-C) 6 ) hydrocarbyl) 2 , P(0) (OCH 2 OCO(C r C 6 )hydrocarbyl) 2 , P(0)(OH) (OCH 2 OCO(C r C 6 )hydrocarbyl), POXOHXOC, -C 6 ) Hydrocarbyl), or P(0)(OH)(C, -C 6 )hydrocarbyl), P(0)(0(C , -C 6 )hydrocarbyl) 2 , P(0)(OCH 2 OCO(C , - An inorganic salt of a C 6 )hydrocarbyl) 2 , PiOXOHXOCF OC C!-Ce)hydrocarbyl), P(0)(OH)(OC r C 6 )hydrocar
- R 7 is a -C 6 hydrocarbon group, a trifluoromethyl group, a (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group or a phenyl group, wherein benzene
- the group is substituted with 0-4 groups selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, difluoromethyl, (C,-C 4 )alkyl, (-)alkoxy, phenylmethyl, by Substituted phenylmethyl: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, (C r C 4 ) hydrocarbon Base, (-C4)nonyloxy, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl.
- a compound of formula I according to the invention which is a compound of the formula la:
- a compound of formula I according to the invention which is a compound of the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, prodrug, isomer thereof
- R' is selected from the group consisting of: 2-hydroxy-4-(difluoromethyl)benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-benzoyl, 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl Benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl, 3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-naphthalene Formyl, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 7-bromo-3 -hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, 3,4-difluoro-2-methoxybenzoyl, 2-hydroxy-6-is
- a compound of formula I according to the invention which is a compound of the formula: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, prodrug, isomer thereof -
- R 1 is selected from the group consisting of: 2-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-benzoyl, 4-chloro-2-light-benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl Benzoyl, 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl, 3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl , 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl, 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2- Naphthoyl, 2-hydroxy-p-naphthoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, 7-bromo-3 -hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, 3,4-difluoro-2-methoxybenzoyl, 2-hydroxy-6-is
- the invention further relates to a pharmaceutical composition
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula I or la or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester, prodrug, isomer thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the invention also relates to a method of treating or preventing cancer, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, diabetes and diabetic complications, infection, cardiovascular disease and ischemia-reperfusion injury, comprising administering to a mammal in need of such treatment, such as human therapy
- a mammal in need of such treatment, such as human therapy
- the carbon atom content of the various hydrocarbon-containing moieties herein may be represented by a prefix specifying the lowest and highest number of carbon atoms in the moiety, for example, the prefix (Ca-Cb) hydrocarbyl group represents an integer "a" to "b” carbon atoms.
- Hydrocarbyl moiety for example, (-C 6) hydrocarbyl means a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- alkyl denotes a straight or branched carbon atom wherein only A has a substituent of a hydrogen atom, wherein said carbon chain optionally contains one or more double or triple bonds, or a combination of double and triple bonds .
- hydrocarbon groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, propenyl, propynyl, hexadienyl and the like.
- a hydrocarbyl group refers to a saturated indenyl group, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, and the like.
- alkoxy refers to a straight or branched, monovalent, saturated aliphatic carbon chain wherein one of the carbon atoms is replaced by an oxygen atom.
- alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.
- cycloalkyl refers to a saturated and optionally unsaturated monocyclic or bicyclic aliphatic chain.
- cyclic hydrocarbon groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexene.
- the cyclic hydrocarbon group may also optionally be fused with an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene to form a fused cyclic hydrocarbon group such as an indanyl group or the like.
- a cycloalkyl group refers to a saturated cycloalkyl group, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and the like.
- halogen means chloro, bromo, fluoro or iodo.
- substituted means that a hydrogen atom on a molecule is replaced by a different atom or molecule.
- An atom or molecule that replaces a hydrogen atom is referred to as a "substituent.”
- terapéuticaally effective amount refers to 1 that treats or prevents a particular disease, condition or disorder, (ii) attenuates, alleviates or eliminates one or more symptoms of a particular disease, condition or disorder, or (iii) prevents or delays a particular disease, The amount of a compound that develops one or more symptoms of the condition.
- phrases "pharmaceutically acceptable” means that the specified carrier, carrier, diluent, excipient, and/or salt are generally chemically and/or physically compatible with the other ingredients that make up the formulation, and physiologically compatible with the recipient thereof. Compatible.
- mammal refers to each animal that is a member of the taxonomic mammalian class. Examples of mammals include, but are not limited to, humans, dogs, cats, horses, and cattle. In the present invention, the preferred mammal is a human.
- the compound of the present invention has a structure represented by the formula la, wherein R 1 is as defined for the compound of the above formula I.
- R 1 is as defined for the compound of the above formula I.
- These compounds can be resolved into their pure enantiomers by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example to form diastereomeric salts which can be separated, for example by crystallization; formation can be by, for example, crystallization, gas-liquid or liquid chromatography Separate diastereomeric derivatives or complexes; selectively reacting one enantiomer with an enantiomerically specific preparation, such as enzymatic esterification; or in a chiral environment, such as a chiral scaffold, such as The silica is combined with a chiral ligand or in the presence of a chiral solvent for gas-liquid or liquid chromatography.
- the step of releasing the desired enantiomeric form is also required.
- the specific stereoisomers are synthesized by optically active starting materials, by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one stereoisomer to another by asymmetric transformation.
- a racemic mixture may be present in the intermediate during the synthesis, which may be resolved by methods known to those skilled in the art, for example, to form diastereomeric salts which may be separated by, for example, crystallization; formation may be by, for example, crystallization, gas-liquid Or diastereomeric derivatives or complexes separated by liquid chromatography; selectively reacting one enantiomer with an enantiomerically specific preparation, such as enzymatic etherification; or in a chiral environment, such as by hand
- a sexual support such as silica incorporating a chiral ligand, or gas-liquid or liquid chromatography in the presence of a chiral solvent.
- stereoisomer is converted to another chemical entity by one of the above separation methods, the step of releasing the desired enantiomeric form is also required.
- specific stereoisoforms can be synthesized by utilizing optically active starting materials, by asymmetric synthesis using optically active reagents, substrates, catalysts or solvents, or by converting one stereoisomer to another by asymmetric transformation. Structure.
- the compounds of the present invention and salts thereof may be unsolvated and may be present in a solvated form with a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent such as water, ethanol or the like.
- the selected compounds of formula I and their salts and solvates may exist in a variety of crystalline forms.
- the polymorph of the compound forms part of the present invention and can be prepared by crystallizing the compound of formula I under various conditions. For example, different solvents or solvent mixtures are used for recrystallization; crystallization at different temperatures; and various forms of cooling during crystallization, from very fast to very slow cooling.
- the polymorph can also be obtained by heating or melting the compound of formula I followed by gradual or rapid cooling.
- the presence of polymorphs can be determined by solid state NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, powder X-ray diffraction or other such techniques.
- the invention also includes isotopically labeled compounds which are identical to the compounds of formula I, but wherein one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number common in nature.
- isotopes which may be incorporated into the compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and fluorine, for example, 3 H, 13 C, ' 4 C, 15 N, 18 0, 17 0, 35 S, respectively. , 36 C1, 125 I, 129 I and ' 8 F.
- Compounds of the invention and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of such compounds containing the above isotopes and/or other isotopes of other atoms are within the scope of the invention.
- isotopically-labeled compounds of the invention such as those incorporating isotopes such as 2 H ( ⁇ ), may be therapeutically advantageous due to greater metabolic stability, such as increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements, and thus in some cases Medium is preferred.
- isotopically labeled compounds of formula I of the present invention, and salts and solvates thereof can generally be prepared by substituting a readily available isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent by carrying out the procedures described below and/or in the Examples.
- Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention as used herein include pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic and organic salts of the compounds. These salts can be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or the compounds can be reacted separately with a suitable organic or inorganic acid and the salt so formed formed.
- Representative salts include but are not limited ⁇ ⁇ : hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, sulfate, bisulfate, nitrate, acetate, trifluoroacetate, oxalate, benzene Formate, camphor sulfonate, palmitate, malonate, stearate, laurate, malate, borate, benzoate, lactate, phosphate, hexafluorophosphate Salt, besylate, tosylate, formate, citrate, maleate, fumarate, succinate, tartrate, naphthate, methanesulfonate, glucoheptonate, Lactose aldehyde and lauryl sulfonate and the like.
- the compounds of the invention may also react with pharmaceutically acceptable metals and amine cations formed from organic and inorganic bases to form salts.
- pharmaceutically acceptable metal cation includes positively charged metal ions derived from white sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron, zinc, and the like.
- pharmaceutically acceptable amine cation includes positively charged cations derived from hinges and organic nitrogenous bases which are sufficiently strong to form such cations.
- Bases which can be used to form pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic base addition salts of the compounds of the invention constitute classes which are well known to those skilled in the art for their limitations (see, for example, Berge et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts"" J Pharm.
- the invention also includes prodrugs of the compounds of formula I.
- Prodrugs of the compound of formula 1 can be formed using conventional methods, using functional groups of the compound, such as amino, hydroxyl or carboxyl groups.
- the term "prodrug” means a compound which is capable of being converted in vivo to form a compound of formula (I) and formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of the compound. The transformation can be carried out by various mechanisms, such as by hydrolysis in blood.
- prodrug applications see T. Higuchi and W. Stella, "Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems” in the ACS Forum Series, Vol. 14, Hexi” Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design "(Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design), edited by Edward B.
- a hydrogen atom of the alcohol group can be substituted with a group to form a prodrug, such as a COR 7 group to provide an ester prodrug; CONHR 7 to provide a carbamate prodrug; COOR 7 To provide a carbonate prodrug; CH20COR 7 to provide a hydrocarbylcarbonyloxymethyl prodrug; P(0)(OH) 2 to provide a phosphate or ester prodrug; PODXC C) hydrocarbyl) 2 to provide a phosphate or ester P DXOCl ⁇ OCC CrC ⁇ hydrocarbyl) 2 to provide a phosphate or ester prodrug; P ⁇ XOHXOCHsOCC CrCs) hydrocarbyl) to provide a phosphate or ester prodrug; P(0)(OH)(OC, -C 6 ) a hydrocarbyl group to provide a phosphate or ester prodrug; P(0)(OH)(OC, -C 6 ) a hydrocarbyl group
- R 1 is
- R 2 , R 3 , n and p are as defined above.
- R 1 is
- R 2 , R 3 , n and p are as defined above.
- R' is
- R 2 , R 3 , n and p are as defined above.
- R 1 is
- R 2 , R 3 and m are as defined above.
- R is , or Inventive formula A compound wherein each symbol is as described herein. Alternatively, it can be similarly derived from suitable starting materials.
- 133 hydrochloride a salt thereof such as a hydrochloride salt
- 133 hydrochloride a salt thereof such as a hydrochloride salt
- compositions of the present invention comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, carrier, diluent or excipient.
- Preferred pharmaceutical compositions of the invention comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula la or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, carrier, diluent or excipient. It is not difficult to administer pharmaceutical compositions of various dosage forms by mixing the compound of the present invention with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, carrier or diluent, such as tablets, powders, lozenges, syrups, injectable solutions and the like. If desired, these pharmaceutical compositions contain additional ingredients such as flavoring agents, binders, excipients and the like.
- tablets containing various excipients such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate may be combined with various disintegrating agents such as starch, alginic acid and/or certain complex silicic acid. Salts are used together with binders such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and/or gum arabic. In addition, lubricants such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often used for tabletting purposes. Similar type of solid The composition can also be used as a filler in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules. Preferred materials for this include lactose and hydrazine molecular weight polyethylene glycol.
- the active pharmaceutical agent can be a variety of sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring materials or dyes, and softening or suspending agents (if necessary) and diluents, such as water, Mixing with ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and/or combinations thereof.
- solutions of the compounds or compositions of the invention may be formulated with sesame oil or peanut oil, aqueous propylene or a sterile aqueous solution.
- aqueous solutions may be suitably buffered if desired, and liquid diluents containing sufficient saline or glucose are first rendered isotonic.
- liquid diluents containing sufficient saline or glucose are first rendered isotonic.
- These particular aqueous solutions are especially suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration.
- the sterile aqueous medium of Ffl is readily obtained by standard techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- the pharmaceutical formulation is in unit dosage form.
- the preparation is subdivided into unit doses containing the appropriate amount of active ingredient.
- the unit dosage form can be a packaged preparation such as a packaged tablet, capsule and powder in a vial or ampule.
- the unit dosage form can also be a capsule, sachet, or tablet itself, or it can be a suitable quantity of any such package.
- Example 1C The method of Reference Example 1A was carried out, except that the racemates of Compound 132 and Compound 133 were used as raw materials. Prepare the compound of the formula ⁇ .
- Example 2 R is 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-benzoic acid.
- Example 3 is 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid.
- Example 4 is 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid.
- Example 5 is 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid.
- Example 6 R is 3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 3-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 7 is 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
- Example 8 R is 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, racemate.
- the starting material is 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
- Example 9 R is 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 10 R is 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 1 1 R is 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-naphthoyl, racemate. The starting material was 3-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2-naphthoic acid.
- Example 12 R is 2-hydroxy- 1 -naphthoyl, racemate. The starting material is 2-hydroxy-l-naphthoic acid.
- Example 13 R is 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, racemate. The starting material was 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid.
- Example 14 R is 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoyl, racemate. The starting material was 5-bromo-2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid.
- Example 15 R is 7-bromo-3-ylyl-2-naphthoyl, racemate. The starting material was 7-bromo-3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
- Example 16 R is 3,4-difluoro-2-methoxybenzoyl, racemate. The starting material was 3,4-difluoro-2-methoxybenzoic acid.
- Example 17 R is 2-hydroxy-6-isopropyl-3-methylbenzoyl, racemate. The starting material was 2-hydroxy-6-isopropyl-3-methylbenzoic acid.
- Example 18 is 4-(dimethylamino)-2-heptylbenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 19 is 4-(dimethylamino)benzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material is 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid, which increases the step of forming difluoroacetate.
- Example 20 R is 4-(dimethylamino)-2-methoxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 4-(dimethylamino)-2-methoxybenzoic acid.
- Example 21 R is 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-naphthoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.
- different materials were used instead of salicylic acid, and the compoundes 132 and 133 of the compound 133 were used.
- R is as described in the examples - Example 22: R is 4-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate. The starting material was 4-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 23 R is 4,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 4,5-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 24 R is 3,6-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 3,6-dichloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 25 R is 2,3,5-trichloro-6-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 2,3,5-dichloro-6-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 26 R is 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid.
- Example 27 is 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoyl, racemate.
- the starting material was 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzoic acid.
- Test Example 1 The compound of Example 10 inhibits NF-KB in cells
- the ability of the compound of Example 10 to inhibit NF-KB-driven transcription was determined using two reporter gene cell assays.
- the first assay utilized a 293-cell assay that stably integrated the pNF-KB-luc reporter plasmid containing three NF-KB promoter elements.
- the second assay was a 293-cell assay that stably integrated the pTRHI-NF-KB-dscGFP reporter plasmid containing four NF- ⁇ promoter elements. Cells were treated with 0, 0.2, 1, 10, 20 and 40 ⁇ of the compound of Example 10 for 2 hours and then induced with 20 ng/ml TNF- ⁇ for 18 hours.
- Test Example 2 TransAM NF- ⁇ family DNA binding ELISA
- TransAM NF-KB family binding ELISA TransAM NF-KB family binding ELISA (Active Motii) Binding activity of the subunits.
- 3-5 ⁇ ⁇ TNFa activates nuclear extracts of Hela or Raji cells (active motif company) or 20 ng of purified recombinant protein (p65 and p50 of active motifs, Santa Cruz) Biotech's p52) was incubated with 20 ⁇ of the drug compound diluted in complete lysis buffer without DTT for 1 hour. The treated sample was then transferred to the NF-KB consensus oligonucleotide pre-coated microplate wells.
- Controls include non-specific binding (NSB) wells (background) containing lysis buffer without any extract or recombinant protein, containing nuclear extracts or recombinant proteins treated with DMSO only Wells (maximum binding), and wells containing extract/protein plus 20 picomoles of free wild-type NF-KB oligonucleotide as competitor or 20 picomoles of free mutant F-KB oligonucleotide as control Specificity. Plates are incubated at room temperature 1 Hour and gently shake, then wash 3 times with 200 ⁇ 1 ⁇ Wash Buffer.
- NBS non-specific binding
- NF- ⁇ p65 binding to the plate was detected with a specific primary antibody of this subunit (diluted 1:1000 with lx antibody buffer). P50, p52, RelB or c-Rel Subunit. The plates were incubated for 1 hour at room temperature and then washed 3 times with 200 ⁇ M wash buffer. Then ⁇ ⁇ conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody (diluted 1:1000 with lx disruption buffer) was added to each well. The plates were incubated for 1 hour at room temperature and then washed 4 times with 200 ⁇ x wash buffer. Add ⁇ room temperature developer to each well.
- the reaction is developed for 2-10 minutes until a medium dark blue color is produced (depending on the subunit activity in the extract lot or recombinant protein lot used) and then quenched with ⁇ stop solution to yield a yellow color.
- the absorbance at 450 nm was recorded using a BD (Becton-Dickinson) DTX 880 multi-function detector, and the reference wavelength of 620 nm was subtracted.
- Test Example 3 Inhibition of IL-6 and PGE2 expression in RAW264.7
- RAW 264.7 cells were seeded at 4 ⁇ 10 4 cells per well in a complete growth medium in a clear-bottom 96-well white TC plate, and assayed one day later. After a large, wash the cells once and add ⁇ fresh growth medium. Cells were pretreated with 6 point 200 ⁇ serial dilutions of test compounds in 0.5 ⁇ DMSO for 2 hours. After pretreatment with the drug, 5 L 2 ( ⁇ g/mL of LPS solution (Sigma) was added to induce an inflammatory response. The cells were incubated for 20-24 hours in the presence of the drug and ⁇ g/mL LPS. Thereafter, the total DMSO is typically 0.05% of the culture volume.
- the final concentration of the compound is about 40, 20, 10, 1, 0.2, and 0 ⁇ .
- Reaction curve without change of % DMSO Samples were treated with two or three replicate wells, including treatment of control wells with and without LPS-stimulated DMSO.
- Actively known drugs such as parthenolide or (-)-DHMEQ Experimental Controls After 20-24 hours of LPS activation, the culture supernatant of the cells was collected and replaced with fresh medium. The supernatant samples were clarified by centrifugation at 10,000 xg for 5 minutes, transferred to fresh storage plates, and stored frozen at -30 Torr.
- the level of mIL-6 in the supernatant was quantified using the QuantikineTM Mouse iL-6 immunoassay (R&D Systems) according to the manufacturer's protocol. 50 ⁇ L of the supernatant diluted with the calibration diluent (Calibrator Diluent) was added to the 5 ( ⁇ L test diluent) (Assay Diluent) of the anti-mouse IL-6 capture antibody pre-coated microtiter plate well.
- the highest activity obtained without inhibitors (DMSO + LPS treatment wells) was set to a value of 100%; similarly, the lowest activity with no stimuli (no LPS) was set to a value of 0%.
- the sigmoidal dose response curve was fitted to (1 (3 ⁇ 410) ⁇ concentration and % inhibition with the aid of the SigmaPlot macro to determine inhibition.
- Effective concentration of 50% mIL-6 cytokine release (IC 5Q ). If the compound does not reach the highest inhibition at the test concentration, the forced maximum (100%) and lowest (0%) values are used to aid the curve fit. This technique obtains an objective value for IC 5Q as long as the test concentration reaches 50% inhibition.
- the control included non-specific binding (NSB) wells containing the check diluent but no primary antibody and recombinant PGE2 standard serial dilutions (40-5000 pg/mL).
- NBS non-specific binding
- the plate was incubated for 2 hours with shaking at room temperature and then washed 5 times with 400 ⁇ L ⁇ lx wash buffer.
- An equal volume of chromogenic reagents A and B was mixed and 200 ⁇ of this HRP substrate solution was added to each well of the plate. Blue development was carried out for 30 minutes, and then the reaction was terminated with 50 uL of the stop solution to give a yellow color.
- the absorbance at 450 nm was recorded using a BD (Becton-Dickinson) DTX 880 multi-function detector with a reference wavelength of 595 nm.
- the sigmoidal dose response curve was fitted to the ( ⁇ ) ⁇ concentration and % inhibition with the aid of a SigmaPlot macro to determine the effective concentration (IC 5 ) that inhibits 50% PGE2 release. If the compound does not reach the highest inhibition at the test concentration, the forced maximum (100%) and lowest (0%) values are used to aid the curve fit. This technique obtains an objective value for IC 5Q as long as the test concentration reaches 50% inhibition.
- Test Example 4 Compound 10 inhibits the growth of multiple myeloma:
- Frozen preserved RPMI 8226 and U266B1 cells (ATCC, Manassas, Virginia) were thawed and cultured as recommended by the merchant. The cells were seeded at a concentration of 2 X 10 5 cells/ml (0.1 ml/L) on 96-well white-wall tissue culture plates, 37, and cultured overnight under humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere. Compounds of the indicated concentrations (0.5 ⁇ 200x DMSO stock) were added to each well and incubated with cells for 48 hours. Cell viability was measured by adding ⁇ CellTiter-Glo reagent from Promega, Madison, WI, to each well, mixing with a pipette tip, and incubating for 10 minutes at room temperature.
- Luminescence values were read using a DTX 880 multi-function detector from Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA. Data was analyzed using SigmaPlot 1 1 software from Systat Software, San Jose, Calif. In this experimental model, the 50% inhibition of the growth of the compound of Example 10 on RPMI8226 multiple myeloma cells and U266BI multiple myeloma cells was
- the 50% inhibition values of the compounds of the other examples above for both tumor cells are in the range of 0.1 to 5 ⁇ , for example, Example 1, Example 1 A, Example 6, Example 13, implementation
- the values of the compound of Example 19 for U266B1 tumor cells were 0.7 ⁇ , 0.2 ⁇ , 3.4 ⁇ , 1.7 ⁇ , 2.5 ⁇ , respectively.
- Example 1 For the parameter NF-KB/293/GFP ⁇ € 50 ( ⁇ ) measured by the method of Test Example 1, the values of the compounds of the above examples are all in the range of 0.4-13 ⁇ , for example, Example 1, Example 1 A, The values of Example 1, B, Example 5, and Example 12 were 4 ⁇ , 0.8 ⁇ , 3 ⁇ , 11 ⁇ , and 6 ⁇ , respectively.
- Example 1 Example 1 ⁇
- Example 1 C Example 6
- Example 10 Example 1 ⁇
- Example 1 C Example 1 C
- Example 6 Example 10
- the EC 5 was released for the parameter RAW264.7 PGE2 measured by the method of Test Example 3. M), the values of the compounds of the above examples are all in the range of 1-6 ⁇ , for example, the values of Example 1, Example 1, ⁇ , Example 4, Example 9, and Example 27 are 2 ⁇ , 1.1 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ , respectively. , 1 ⁇ , 2 ⁇ .
- the values of parthenolide and DHMEQ were 15 ⁇ and 1 1.5 ⁇ , respectively.
- the values of the compounds of the above examples are all in the range of 3-40 ⁇ , for example, the values of Example 1, Example 1, ⁇ , Example 4, Example 7, and Example 24 are 21 ⁇ , 4 ⁇ , respectively. 1 1 ⁇ , 23 ⁇ , 14 ⁇ .
- the compound of each embodiment of the present invention is placed in an open container and placed under a condition of 40% relative humidity of 65% for 3 months for stability treatment, and the percentage of the target substance in each compound before and after such treatment is determined.
- the relative percentage (%;) of the target substance relative to the unstable treatment amount after the above stability treatment was calculated.
- the results show that the relative percentages of the compounds of the various examples of the invention are all at 95 ° /. Between ⁇ 99%, for example, the relative percentages of the compounds of Example 1, Example 1 A, Example 1 B, Example 8, and Example 22 after 3 friends were 97.5%, 98.2%, 97.6%, respectively. 95.7%, 96.4%. After the same treatment, the relative percentages of other compounds after 3 months were determined.
- the content determination method is HPLC method, and the measurement conditions are as follows: chromatography with octadecylsilane-bonded silica as a filler: methanol-water (60:40) as a mobile phase, detection wavelength of 254 nm, according to conventional HPLC Method determination.
- Atreya I Atreya R, Neurath MF (2008) NF-kappaB in inflammatory bowel disease. J Intern Med 263(6): 591 -596.
- the IKK complex an integrator of all signals that activate NF-kappaB? Trends Cell Biol 10(4): 129-133.
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Abstract
本发明涉及N-取代的氨基丁内酯衍生物及其用途。具体地,本发明涉及式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂合物、酯、前药、异构体,其中各符号如说明书所述。本发明化合物及其药学上可接受的盐可用于治疗或预防癌症、炎症、自身免疫疾病、糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、感染、心血管疾病和缺陷再灌注损伤。
Description
N-取代的氨基丁内酯衍生物及其 ffl途 技术领域
本发明涉及式 I所示化合物及其药学上可接受的盐以供治疗癌症、 炎症、 自身免疫疾病、 糖尿病 和糖尿病并发症、 感染、 心血管疾病和缺陷再灌注损伤。 背景技术
核因子 KB(NF-KB , Nuclear factor-kappa B)活化参与各种疾病, 包括癌症、 糖尿病、 心血管疾病、 自身免疫疾病、 病毒复制、 脓毒性休克、 神经变性疾病、 运动失调性毛细血管扩张症 (AT)、 关节炎、 哮喘、 炎性肠病和其它炎性病症。 例如, 革兰氏阴性细菌脂多糖 (LPS)活化 NF-κΒ可产生脓毒性休克, 因为 NF-κΒ过度激活许多细胞因子和修饰酶的转录, 它们的表达延长可不利地影响关键器官, 例如心 脏和肝脏的功能 (Arcaroli等., 2006; Niu等., 2008)。
类似地, 自身免疫疾病, 例如全身性红斑狼疮也可能涉及 NF-κΒ的活化。 NF-κΒ转录因子对于适 当的树突细胞成熟至关重要, 其丧失是全身性红斑狼疮的标志 (Kalergis 等., 2008; Kurylowicz 和 Nauman, 2008), 此外, 在慢性阿尔茨海默病中, 淀粉样蛋白 β肽导致反应活性氧中间体的产生, 通 过 NF-κΒ位点间接活化基因表达 (Gi 等., 2005)。
骨的破坏性侵蚀或骨质溶解是炎性病症, 例如类风湿性关节炎 (RA)、 牙周病和假体周围骨质溶解 的主要并发症。 RA是影响约 1.0%美国成年人的自身免疫疾病, 女性和男性之比是 2.5到 I (Lawrence 等., 1998)。 其标志是导致主耍病态的渐进性关节破坏。 牙周病非常普遍, 影响全球高达 90%的人口。 众所周知其是成年人牙齿丧失的主要原芮 (Pihlstrom等., 2005)。 尽管很普遍, 但牙周骨侵蚀的发生机 制仍不清楚, 虽然看来是宿主对口腔中存在的病原微生物的反应触发该过程。 外源性植入物器件周围 的慢性骨再吸收作用导致假体周围骨质溶解, 直至丧失固定作用 (Harris, 1995), 据信其是针对磨损碎 片颗粒的先天免疫反应所致, 获得性免疫系统影响不人 (Goldring等., 1986)。
虽然这些病症由不同原因引发, 通过各种途径而进展, 但这些病症的病理性过程中的重要共同 W 素是发炎组织中 NF-κΒ途径的组成型活化驱动的促炎性细胞因子过度产生。 与全身性、 激素调控昀骨 病理状况, 例如骨质疏松症不同, 这些病症中发现的骨侵蚀大多定位于发炎的组织。 在许多这些疾病 中发现, 这些发炎组织还产生促炎细胞因子, 即, TNF-0 IL-1 和 IL-6, 这些促炎细胞因子进而参与 破骨细胞分化信号传导和骨再吸收活性。 因此, 炎性骨质溶解是发炎组织中 NF-κΒ驱动促炎细胞闵子 推动的破骨细胞募集和活化增强所致。
炎性肠病 (IBD)包括涉及胃肠道的许多慢性复发性炎性疾病。 [BD的两种最常见的形式是克罗恩病 和溃疡性结肠炎, 二者的区别在于独特的组织病理学特性和免疫应答 (Atreya等., 2008; Bouma和 Strober, 2003)。 目前的治疗疗效有限, 还可能有副作用使得患者和医生渴望能控制这些疾病的慢性复 发性炎症性质的新疗法。
虽然导致克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎的确切病冈尚未知, 但通常认为是粘膜免疫系统对正常肠菌群 的不当和正进行的活化导致 (Tilg等., 2008)。 因此, 驻留型巨噬细胞、 树突细胞和 T细胞活化并开始 主要分泌 NF-κΒ-依赖性趋化 H子和细胞因子。 NF-κΒ介导关键促炎介质的过度产生导致人 IBD和结
肠炎动物模型的启动和进展 (Neurath等., 1998; Wirtz和 Neurath, 2007)。 具体地说, IBD患者的巨 噬细胞表现出高水平的 NF-κΒ DNA结合活性并伴有白介素 (IL)1、 IL6和肿瘤坏死冈子 TNFa的产生增 加 (Neurath等., 1998)。 此外, NF-κΒ在活化 T辅助细胞 1 (Thl)和 T辅助细胞 2(Th2)细胞因子中起到 关键作用, 二者是促进和维持炙症所需 (Barnes, 1997)。 由于 NF-κΒ在 IBD中起到的核心作用, 人们 付出大量努力试图开发靶向该途径的疗法。
NF-κΒ显示在来自乳腺、 卵巢、 结肠、 胰腺、 甲状腺、 前列腺、 肺、 头颈、 膀胱和皮肤肿瘤的许 多癌症衍生细胞系中组成型表达 (Calzado等., 2007)。 B-细胞性淋巴瘤、 霍奇金病、 T-细胞性淋巴瘤、 成人 T细胞白血病, 急性淋巴细胞性白血病、 多发性骨髓瘤、 慢性淋巴细胞性白血病和急性骨髓性白 血病中也观察到。 NF-κΒ作为防御性应答的一部分是正常炎症的关键介质; 然而, 慢性炎症可导致癌 症、 糖尿病和许多上述其它疾病。 己鉴定了几种促炎基因产物在致癌过程、 血管发生、 侵袭和肿瘤细 胞转移中介导关键作用。这些基因产物有 TNF-α及其超家族的成员, IL-lo IL-1 D、 IL-6、 IL-8、 IL-18、 趋化因子、 MMP-9、 VEGF、 COX-2禾 Π 5-LOX。 所有这些基因的表达主要由转录 H子 NF-κΒ调控, 其 在大多数肿瘤中有组成型活性并由致癌物 (例如香烟的烟)、 肿瘤促进剂、 致癌性病毒蛋白 (HIV-tat、 KHSV、 EBV-LMP HTLVl-tax, HPV、 HCV禾 II HBV)、 化疗剂和 γ射线诱导 (Aggarwal等., 2006)。 这些观察结果暗示抑制 NF-κΒ的抗炎剂应该可能用于预防和治疗癌症。
流感病毒蛋白血凝素还活化 NF-κΒ,该活化可导致细胞 K子的病毒诱导和一些流感相关症状 (Flory 等., 2000; Pahl和 BaeueR'e, 1995)。
动脉粥样硬化相关的低密度脂蛋白的氧化脂质活化 NF-KB, 然后活化其它基因, 例如炎性细胞因 子 (Liao等., 1994)。 此外, 动脉粥样硬化易感小鼠在喂食致动脉粥样硬化饮食时显示 NF-κΒ活化, 因为它们对脂质过氧化产物累积、炎性基因诱导和 NF-κΒ转录因子活化相关的动脉粥样硬化病损形成 敏感 (Liao等., 1994)。 动脉粥样硬化的另一重要原因是凝血酶, 其通过 NF-κΒ活化而刺激血管平滑 肌细胞增殖 (Maruyama等., 1997)。 ΙκΒ阻遏蛋白的截短形式 (ΙκΒα)显示是电离辐射超敏性的原因, 在 组成型水平 NF-κΒ-活化的运动失调性毛细血管扩张症 (AT)细胞中其对 DNA合成调控有缺陷 (Jung等., 1995)。 AT细胞的 ΙκΒα中的该突变显示导致 NF-κΒ途径组成型活化的阻遏蛋白灭活。 鉴于所有这些 发觋, NF-κΒ的异常活化或表达明显与各种病理学状况相关。
人单核细胞中, HIV-1的感染和生命周期与 NF-κΒ途径紧密相连。 病毒感染导致 NF-κΒ活化, 从 而产生 AIDS标志性的 T细胞过度刺激和最终耗尽 (综述见 (Argyropoulos和 Mouzaki, 2006)。 例如, NF-κΒ调节作为 H1V-1关键受体的 CCR5的表达 (Liu等., 1998)。 CCR-5启动子的缺失分析证明 3'-远 端 NF-KB/AP-1位点的丧失使得转录降低 >95%(Liu等., 1998)。 这些研究提示 NF-κΒ的组成型表达导 致 CCR-5受体信息急剧降低。由于靶 T-细胞表面上 CCR5的表达水平影响 HIV-1进入动力学特性 (Ketas 等., 2007; Piatt等., 1998; Reeves等., 2002), 下调 CCR5可约束大量产生病毒库的感染细胞群扩 散。 还有报道说 NF-κΒ影响 CXCR4表达 (Helbig等., 2003), 提示 NF- κΒ抑制剂可能同样有效抗感染 后期期间出现的 Χ4-向性分离物。整合的 DNA-前-病毒的转录需要 NF-κΒ (Baba, 2006; lordanskiy等., 2002; Mukerjee等., 2006; Palmieri等., 2004; Rizzi等., 2004; Sui等., 2006; Williams等., 2007)。 事实上, 缺乏 NF-κΒ 活化导致具有潜伏病毒的细胞群产生, 这是消除受感染患者的病毒的主要障碍
(Williams等., 2006)。
NF-κΒ促进超过 150种靶基因对炎性刺激物起反应而表达。 这些基冈包括白介素 -1、 -2、 -6和肿 瘤坏死因子受体 (TNF-R) (这些受体介导凋亡并起到炎症调节剂的作用)以及编码免疫受体、绌胞粘附分 子和酶, 例如环加氧酶 -II和诱生型 -氧化氮核酶 (iNOS)的基因 (Karin, 2006; Tergaonkar, 2006)。 其还 在病毒感染, 例如 HCV和 HIV-1相关疾病的进展中起关键作用。
NF-κΒ家族的成员包括 RelA/p65、 RelB、 c-ReK p50/pl 05 (NF-KB1)$I p52/pl00 (NF-KB2) (Hayden 和 Ghosh, 2004; Hayden等., 2006a; Hayden等., 2006b)。 Rel家族成员作为同源二聚体或异源二聚 体起作用,对位于 NF-κΒ-调节基因的启动子结构域内的顺式结合元件的特异性不同 (Bosisio等., 2006; Natoli等., 2005; Saccani等., 2004)。 经典 NF-κΒ-由 RelAlp65和 p50异源二聚体构成, 是 NF-KB 研究得最清楚的形式 (Burstein和 Duckett, 2003; Hayden和 Ghosh, 2004)和其中的参考文献)。 细胞刺 激前, 经典 NF-κΒ驻留在细胞质中作为与 ΙκΒα抑制蛋白结合的无活性复合物。 NF-κΒ的诱导剂, 例 如细菌脂多糖、 炎性细胞冈子或 HIV-1 Vpr蛋白通过活仳磷酸化 ΙκΒα的 ΙκΒ-激酶复合物 (ΙΚΚ)而从细 胞质复合物释放活性 NF-κΒ (Greten和 Karin , 2004; Hacker和 Karin, 2006; Israel, 2000; Karin, 1999; Scheidereit, 2006)。 ΙκΒ的磷酸为随后的泛素化和通过 26S蛋! ^酶体降解提供了标记。 游离 NF-κΒ二 聚体移位进入核, 在核中刺激它们的靶基因转录。
外消旋脱羟基甲基环氧醌霉素 (DHMEQ)的分子设计是依据从拟无枝菌酸菌 (Amycolatopsis)分离的 抗生素环氧醌霉素 C(Chaicharoenpong等. 2002)。 DHMEQ是釆用五步骤从 2,5-二甲氧基苯胺合成的 外消旋物。 利用手性柱分离对映体产生 (+)和 (-)对映体。 (-) -对映体显示抑制 NF-KB 强于 (+)-对映体 (Umezawa等. 2004)。 DHMEQ经鉴定为特异性抑制 NF-κΒ移位入核 (Ariga等. 2002)。 具体地说, 其 以 1 : 1的化学计量比共价修饰 p65和其它 Rel同源蛋白中的特定半胱氨酸残基 (Yammamoto等 . 2008)。 作为 NF-κΒ抑制剂, 在各种疾病的动物模型中广泛测试了 DHMEQ, 证明包括洽疗实体瘤、 血液恶性 肿瘤、 关节炎、 肠缺血和动脉粥样硬化在内的广谱效力 (Watanabe等. 2006)。 因此, DHMEQ可用作 癌症和炎症的治疗 (Takeuchi等. 2003)。 发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一类新的治疗活性剂, 其可供 疗癌症、 炎症、 自身免疫疾病、 糖尿病和糖 尿病并发症、 感染、 心血管疾病和缺陷再灌注损伤。
一方面, 提供了以下式 I化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体, 其中
其中 m=0-4, n+p=0-4
各 R3独立为氢; CF3;任选用以下基团取代的苯基:氰基、卤素、硝基、羟基、(CrC6)烃基、 (C,-C6) 烃基 -OH、 (C C6)垸氧基、 COR4、 NR5R6或 NHCO ( - )烃基); 氰基; 卤素; 硝基; 羟基; (C,-C6) 烃基; (C3-C6)环烃基; (C,-C6)烃基 -OH; -烃基 -NR5R6; 二氟甲基; (CrC6)烷氧基; ((^-(:6)硫代 垸氧基; 苯氧基; COR4; NR5R6; NHCO(C,-C6)烃基; S03H; S02(C,-C6)烃基或 S02NR5R6。
R2是 H、 R7、 COR7, CONHR7、 COOR7、 C OCOR7、 P(0)(OH)2、 P(0)(0(Ci-C6)烃基 )2、 POXOC OCC d-Q 烃基)2、 PCOXOHXOCHsOCO -Q 烃基)、 POXOHXOd-Cs)烃基)、 或 PiOXOHXd-Cs)烃基), P OXO -Ci烃基 )2、 POXOCHzOCO Ci- )烃基 )2、 P(0)(OH)(OCH2OCO(C , -C6) 烃基)、 P(0)(OH)(OC,-C6)烃基)或 Ρ(0)(ΟΗ)(0< 6)烃基)的无机盐, 或糖基 (除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合 物的羟基所得基团), 其中 R7是 CrC6烃基、 三氟甲基、 (C3-C6)环烃基、 环己基甲基或苯基, 其中苯 基被 0-4个选自以下的基团取代: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 三氟甲基、 ( - )烃基、 ( -C4)烷氧基, 苯基 甲基, 被以下取代的苯基甲基: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 二氟甲基、 (C,-C4)烃基、 ( - )烷氧基、 2-、 3- 或 4-吡啶基、 2-、 4-或 5-嘧啶基。
R4独立地为羟基、 (C )烷氧基、 苯氧基或 -NR5R6。
R5和 R6各自独立为氢;( )烃基或 (CrC6)环烃基; 或者 R5和 R6可任选与氮原子组合形成含有 选自氮、 氧或硫的杂原子的六元环, 其中该环任选被 (C,-C6)烃基或 (C3-C6)环烃基)取代。
m=0至 IJ4, 例如 m为 0、 1、 2、 3、 4; n+p=0到 6, 例如 n+p为 0、 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6。
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其中 R'是
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其中 R2 H、 R7、 COR7、 CONHR7、 COOR7、 CH2OCOR7、 P(0)(OH)2、 P(0)(0(C,-C6)烃基 )2 、 P(0)(OCH2OCO(CrC6)烃基)2、 P(0)(OH)(OCH2OCO(CrC6)烃基)、 POXOHXOC, -C6)烃基)、或 P(0)(OH)(C , -C6)烃基), P(0)(0(C , -C6)烃基 )2、 P(0)(OCH2OCO(C , -C6)烃基 )2、 PiOXOHXOCF OC C!-Ce)烃基)、 P(0)(OH)(OCrC6)烃基)或 POXOHX - )烃基)的无机盐, 或糖基
(除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合物的羟基所得基团), 其中 R7是 -C6烃基、 三氟甲基、 (C3-C6)环烃基、 环己基甲基或苯基, 其中苯基被 0-4个选自以下的基团取代: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 二氟甲基、 (C,-C4) 烃基、 ( - )烷氧基, 苯基甲基, 被以下取代的苯基甲基: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 三氟甲基、 (Cr C4)烃
基、 ( -C4)垸氧基、 2-、 3-或 4-吡啶基、 2-、 4-或 5-嘧啶基。
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其为以下式 la化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体, 其中 R1具有如本文针对式 I化合所定义 的含义。
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其为下文各实施例制备所得化合物。
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构
其中 R'选自: 2-羟基 -4- (二氟甲基)苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 4-氯 -2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4- 甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -2- 萘甲酰基、 1 -羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 5-溴- 2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -7-甲 氧基 -2-萘甲酰基、 2-羟基 - 1 -萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 7-溴 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 3,4-二氟 -2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨 基) -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 7-氯 -3-羟基 -2-萘 甲酖基、 4-叔丁基 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4,5-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3,6-二氯 -2 基苯甲酰基、 2,3,5-三氯 -6-羟基苯甲酰基、 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酰基。
根据本发明的式 I化合物, 其为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构 体-
其中 R1选自: 2-羟基 -4- (三氟甲基)苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 4-氯 -2-轻基 -苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4- 甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基- 4-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -2- 萘甲酰基、 1 -羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -7-甲 氧基 -2-萘甲酰基、 2-羟基-卜萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 7-溴 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 3,4-二氟- 2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨
基) -2-轻基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 7-氯 -3-羟基 -2-萘 甲酰基、 4-叔丁基 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4,5-一氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3,6-一氯 -2- 基苯甲酰基、 2,3,5-三氯 -6-羟基苯甲酰基、 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酰基。
本发明还涉及一种药物组合物,其中包含式 I或 la化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂合物、酯、 前药、 异构体, 以及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明还涉及治疗或预防癌症、 炎症、 自身免疫疾病、 糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、 感染、 心血管疾 病和缺血-再灌注损伤的方法, 包括给予需耍此类治疗的哺乳动物, 例如人治疗有效量的式 I 或式 la 所示化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体。
用于描述本发明的术语具有以下意义。本发明的化合物和中间体可按照 IUPAC (国际理论和应用化 学联合会)或 CAS (化学文摘服务部)命名体系命名。
本文的各种含烃部分的碳原子含量可以通过指定该部分中最低和最高碳原子数的前缀来表示, 例 如前缀 (Ca-Cb)烃基表示具有整数" a"到" b"个碳原子的烃基部分。 因此, 例如 ( -C6)烃基指包含 1 -6个 碳原子的烃基。 术语"烃基 (alkyl)"表示仅 A有氢原子取代基的直链或支链碳原子, 其中所述碳链任选 含有一个或多个双键或三键, 或双键和三键的组合。 烃基的例子包括但不限于: 甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 异丙基、 丙烯基、 丙炔基、 己二烯基等。 在一个实施方案中, 烃基是指饱和的垸基, 例如甲基、 乙基、 丙基、 异丙基、 正丁基、 叔丁基等。
术语"烷氧基 "指直链或支链、 单价、 饱和脂族碳原子链, 其中所述碳原子之一被氧原子替代。 烷 氧基的例子包括但不限于 ·: 甲氧基、 乙氧基和异丙氧基。
术语"环烃基 "指饱和和任选不饱和的单环或双环脂族链。 环烃基的例子包括但不限亍: 环丙基、 环丁基、 环戊基和环己烯 (基)。 环烃基还可任选与芳族烃, 例如苯稠合以形成稠合环烃基, 例如茚满 基等。 在一个实施方案中, 环烃基是指饱和的环烷基, 例如环丙基、 环丁基、 环戊基等。
术语"卤素"指氯、 溴、 氟或碘。
术语"取代的 "指某分子上的氢原子被不同的原子或分子替代。替代氢原子的原子或分子称为"取代 基"。
短语"治疗有效量"指①治疗或预防特定疾病、 病情或病症, (ii)减弱、 缓解或消除特定疾病、 病情 或病症的一种或多种症状, 或 (iii)防止或延缓特定疾病、 病情的一种或多种症状发作的化合物量。
短语"药学上可接受的"表示指定的载体、 运载体、 稀释剂、 赋形剂和 /或盐总体上与构成制剂的其 它成分化学和 /或物理学相容, 并与其受者在生理学上相容。
术语"哺乳动物"指作为分类学哺乳纲成员的各动物, 哺乳动物的例子包括但不限于: 人、 狗、 猫、 马和牛等。 在本发明中, 优选的哺乳动物是人。
在示范性实施方式中, 本发明化合物具有式 la所示结构, 式中 R1如以上式 I所示化合物的定义。 可通过本领域技术人员己知的方法将这些化合物拆分成它们的纯对映体, 例如形成可通过例如结 晶分开的非对映体盐; 形成可通过例如结晶、 气-液或液相色谱分开的非对映体衍生物或复合物; 将一 种对映体与对映体特异性制剂选择性反应, 例如酶促酯化作用; 或在手性环境中, 例如用手性支架, 如结合有手性配体的二氧化硅, 或在有手性溶剂存在下作气-液或液相色谱。应该知道如果通过上述分 离方法之一将所需立体异构体转换成另一化学实体, 还需要释放所需对映体形式的步骤。 或者, 可利
用光学活性起始材料, 通过利用光学活性试剂、 底物、 催化剂或溶剂的不对称合成, 或通过不对称转 化将一种立体异构体转换成另一种而合成具体的立体异构体。
如果所述化合物含有一个或多个附加的立体中心, 本领域技术人员应知道本文所示和讨论的所有 非对映体和非对映体混合物属于本发明的范围。 可通过本领域技术人员己知的方法分离这些非对映异 构体, 例如通过结晶、 气-液或液相色谱。 或者, 合成期间的中间体可存在外消旋混合物, 可通过本领 域技术人员己知的方法拆分, 例如形成可通过例如结晶分开的非对映体盐; 形成可通过例如结晶、气- 液或液相色谱分开的非对映体衍生物或复合物; 将一种对映体与对映体特异性制剂选择性反应, 例如 酶促醚化作用; 或在手性环境中, 例如用手性支持物, 如结合有手性配体的二氧化硅, 或在有手性溶 剂存在下作气-液或液相色谱。应该知道如果通过上述分离方法之一将所需立体异构体转换成另一化学 实体, 还需要释放所需对映体形式的步骤。 或者, 可利用光学活性起始材料, 通过利用光学活性试剂、 底物、 催化剂或溶剂的不对称合成, 或通过不对称转化将一种立体异构体转换成另一种而合成具体的 立体异构体。 这些方法在诸如" 《手性药物》(Chiral Drugs)", Cynthia A . Challener (编), Wiley, 2002 或"手性药物分离 (Chiral Drug Separation)" Bingyunh Li和 Donald T. Haynia,刊于"《化学加工百科全书》 (Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing)"Sunggyu Lee和 Lee Lee(编), CRC出版社, 2005等教材中有更 详细描述。
本发明化合物及其盐可以非溶剂化以及含有药学上可接受的溶剂, 例如水、 乙醇等的溶剂化形式 存在。
选择的式 I化合物和它们的盐及溶剂化物可存在多种晶型。 式!化合物的多晶型构成本发明的一 部分, 可在不同条件下结晶式 I化合物来制备。 例如, 利用不同溶剂或溶剂混合物作重结晶; 在不同 温度下结晶; 和结晶过程中各种形式的冷却, 从极快到极慢冷却。 还可通过加热或熔化式 I化合物, 然后逐步或快速冷却以获得多晶型。 可通过固态 NMR光谱法、 IR光谱法、 差示扫描量热法、 粉末 X- 射线衍射或其它此类技术测定多晶型是否存在。
本发明还包括同位素标记的化合物, 它们与式 I化合物相同, 但一个或多个原子被原子量或质量 数不同于自然界中常见原子量或质量数的原子替代。可掺入本发明化合物的同位素的例子包括氢、碳、 氮、 氧、 硫和氟的同位素, 例如分别为 、 3H、 13C、 '4C、 15N、 180、 170、 35S、 36C1、 125I、 129I和' 8F。 含有上述同位素和 /或其它原子的其它同位素的本发明化合物和所述化合物的药学上可接受的盐属于 本发明的范围。 本发明的某些同位素标记化合物, 例如掺入诸如 2H (氘)等同位素的那些能因更大的代 谢稳定性而在治疗上具有优势, 例如体内半衰期增加或剂量需求降低, 因此在一些情况中是优选的。 通常可通过实施以下方案和 /或实施例所述的方法,用易得同位素标记的试剂取代非同位素标记的试剂 来制备同位素标记的本发明式 I化合物及其盐和溶剂化物。
本文所用的本发明化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括所述化合物的药学上可接受的无机和有机盐。 这些盐可在化合物的最终分离和纯化期间原位制备, 或将所述化合物单独与合适的有机或无机酸反应 并分离如此形成的盐。 代表性的盐包括但不限 Τ·: 氢溴酸盐、 盐酸盐、 氢碘酸盐、 硫酸盐、 硫酸氢盐、 硝酸盐、 乙酸盐、 三氟乙酸盐、 草酸盐、 苯甲酸盐、 樟脑磺酸盐、 棕榈酸盐、 丙二酸盐、 硬脂酸盐、 月桂酸盐、 苹果酸盐、 硼酸盐、 苯甲酸盐、 乳酸盐、 磷酸盐、 六氟磷酸盐、 苯磺酸盐、 甲苯磺酸盐、 甲酸盐、 柠檬酸盐、 马来酸盐、 延胡索酸盐、 琥珀酸盐、 酒石酸盐、 萘酸盐、 甲磺酸盐、 葡庚糖酸盐、
乳糖醛酸盐和月桂基磺酸盐等。 本发明化合物还可与药学上可接受的金属和有机和无机碱形成的胺阳 离子反应形成盐。 术语"药学上可接受的金属阳离子 "包括衍生白钠、 钾、 钙、 镁、 铝、 铁、 锌等的带 正电荷的金属离子。 术语"药学上可接受的胺阳离子"包括衍生自铰和足够强从而能形成此类阳寓子的 有机含氮碱的带正电荷阳离子。 可用于形成本发明化合物的药学上可接受的无毒碱加成盐的碱构成本 领域技术人员不难知道其局限性的类别 (参见,例如 Berge等., "药物盐 (Pharmaceutical Salts)" J. Pharm.
本发明还包括式 I化合物的前药。 可采用常规方法, 利用化合物的官能团, 例如氨基、 羟基或羧 基形成式 1化合物的前药。 术语"前药"表示能在体内转化形成式 (I)和式 (II)所示化合物或该化合物的药 学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物的化合物。 所述转化可通过各种机制进行, 例如通过在血液中水解。 前药 应用的讨论见 T. Higuchi和 W. Stella, "作为新型递送系统的前药 (Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems)" A. C. S. 论坛丛书, 第 14卷, 禾 Π"药物设计中的生物可逆载体 "(Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design), Edward B. Roche编, 美国医学协会和佩格蒙出版社 (American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press), 1987。例如,如果本发明化合物含有醇官能团,可用以下基团替代该醇基团的氢原子形成前药, 例如 COR7基团以提供酯前药; CONHR7 以提供氨基甲酸酯前药; COOR7 以提供碳酸酯前药; CH20COR7以提供烃基羰基氧基甲基前药; P(0)(OH)2以提供磷酸盐或酯前药; PODXC C )烃基 )2 以提供磷酸盐或酯前药; P DXOCl^OCC CrC^烃基) 2 以提供磷酸盐或酯前药; P^XOHXOCHsOCC CrCs)烃基)以提供磷酸盐或酯前药; P(0)(OH)(OC,- C6)烃基)以提供磷酸盐或酯前 药; 或 P DXOHK -C^烃基)以提供膦酸盐或酯前药, 和磷酸盐或酯及膦酸盐或酯前药的相应无机盐, 或糖基 (除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合物的羟基得到的基团), 其中 R7是 C C6经基、三氟甲基、 环丙基、 环己基、 环己基甲基、 苯基, 用氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 三氟甲基、 (d-C4)烃基、 (C,-C4)烷氧基取代的苯 基, 苯基甲基、 用以下取代的苯基甲基: 氟、 氯、 溴、 ¾基、 二氟甲基、 ( -c烃基、 (d-C4)烷氧基, 2-、 3-或 4-吡啶基, 2-、 -4-或 5-嘧啶基。
在一个示范性实施方式中, R1是
其中 R2、 R3、 n和 p如上定义。
在一个示范性实施方式中, R1是
其中 R2、 R3、 n和 p如上定义。
其中 R2、 R3、 n和 p如上定义。
在一个示范性实施方式中, R1是
其中 R2、 R3和 m如上定义。
一般通过反应流程 1和 2所概述的通用合成方法制备 R代表本文所述下示部分的本发明化合物
【反应流程 1】
式 RHN' 化合物, 其中各符号如本发明所述。或者, 还可以类似地从适宜的起始原料起得到 R
【反应流程 2】
其中, 在 0°C下, 向 H H2N °的 DMF溶液中依次加入水杨酸 (即其中 R为 ¾(R , 其中 m=0)、 HOBt, EDCI和二异丙基乙胺, 搅拌使反应, 将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释, 然后用水和 盐水洗涤。将合并的有机层用硫 滤, 再在真空下浓縮,。将残余物通过柱色谱法在硅胶上
化合物 Η2Μ 还可 的光学
异构体形式使用,或者以 合物的
本发明的药物组合物包含治疗有效量的式 I 化合物或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载 体、 运载体、 稀释剂或赋形剂。 优选的本发明药物组合物包含治疗有效量的式 la化合物或其药学上可 接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体、 运载体、 稀释剂或赋形剂。 虽然不难给予各种剂型的通过混合本发 明化合物和药学上可接受的载体、 运载体或稀释剂形成的药物组合物, 例如片剂、 粉末剂、 锭剂、 糖 浆、 可注射溶液等。 如果需耍, 这些药物组合物含有附加成分, 例如调味剂、 粘合剂、 赋形剂等。
因此, 为口服给药, 含有各种赋形剂, 例如柠檬酸钠、碳酸钙和 /或磷酸钙的片剂可与各种崩解剂, 例如淀粉、 藻酸和 /或某些复合硅酸盐以及粘合剂, 例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 蔗糖、 明胶和 /或阿拉伯胶 一起使用。 此外, 润滑剂, 例如硬脂酸镁、 月桂基硫酸钠和滑石粉常用于压片目的。 相似类型的固体
组合物也可用作软和硬填充明胶胶囊中的填充剂。 为此的优选材料包括乳糖和髙分子量聚乙二醇。 如 果需要口服给予酏剂的水性悬液, 其中的活性药物试剂可 各种甜味剂或调味剂、 着色物质或染料, 和软化剂或悬浮剂 (如果需耍的话)以及稀释剂, 例如水、 乙醇、 丙二醇、 甘油和 /或它们的组合混合。
对于胃肠外给药, 可利用芝麻油或花生油、 水性丙—醇或无菌水溶液配制的本发明化合物或组合 物的溶液。如果需要, 可适当缓冲此类水性溶液, 含充足盐水或葡萄糖的液体稀释剂首先赋予等渗性。 这些特定的水性溶液尤其适合静脉内、 肌肉内、 皮下和腹膜内给药。 就此而言, 通过本领域技术人员 己知的标准技术不难获得所 ffl的无菌水性介质。
在一个示范性实施方式中, 药物制剂是单位剂型。 在此类剂型中, 该制剂再分成单位剂量, 其中 含有合适量的活性成分。 单位剂型可以是包装的制剂, 例如小瓶或安瓿中的包装片剂、 胶囊和粉末。 单位剂型还可以是胶囊、 扁囊剂或片剂本身, 或者其可以是适当数量的任何这些包装形式。
本领域技术人员己知制备含有一定量活性成分的各种药物组合物的方法。 制备药物组合物的方法 的例子可参见通过 《雷明顿: 药学科学和实践》 (Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy). Lippincott, Williams和 Wilkins, 第 21版. (2005), 其在此全文引用作为参考。 具体实施方式
本发明可通过下列实施例得到进一步说明, 但这些实施例子不意味着对本发明的任何限制。 A . 制备本发明化合物的实施例部分
在 25-mL圆底烧瓶中, 将 2-羟基 -4- (二氟甲基)苯甲酸 (309mg, 1.5mmol)溶解于二氯甲烷 (6.0mL)。 将溶液冷却至 0°C , 用氮气吹扫。 向溶液中依次加入草酰氯 (209mg, 1.65mmol)和二甲基甲酰胺 (2滴)。 (TC , 搅拌反应 20分钟, 然后升温至室温。 一旦溶液变得澄清, 通过旋转蒸发除去挥发物。 在 25-mL 圆底烧瓶中, 将化合物 132 ( 1.5mmol)溶解于四氢呋喃 (4mL)。 将溶液冷却至 -78°C, 氮气下搅拌。 10 分钟后, 加入叔丁醇锂 (0.81mL, 1.80mmol , 1.0M, 四氢呋喃配制), -78'C搅拌混合物 20分钟。 将以 上所得酰氯 (1.5mmol)溶解丁 · SmL四氢呋喃, 经插管转移至反应混合物。 用四氢呋喃 (2x0.5mL)洗涤含 有酰氯的圆底烧瓶。 - 78Ό搅拌反应混合物 30分钟, 然后在室温下搅拌。 一旦通过 TLC (判断)反应完 全, 用乙酸乙酯和饱和氯化铵水溶液稀释混合物。 分离各层, 用盐水洗涤有机层, 硫酸钠干燥, 过滤 并浓縮得到残余物,其是标题化合物粗品。将该粗品溶解于甲醇:水 (8: 1, 5.4mL)中,加入碳酸钾 (28mg, 0.2mmol)。 通过 LC/MS监测反应, 加入更多的碳酸钾 (70mg, 0.5mmol)。 通过 LC/MS (判断)反应完全,
用乙酸乙酯稀释反应, 用饱和的碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤。 分离有机层, 盐水洗涤, 硫酸钠干燥, 过滤并 浓縮。 硅胶层析纯化粗制物得到类白色粉末的标题化合物 (收率 57%)。
Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5(ppm) 4.28 (dd, J=4.5, 10.2 Hz, 1H), 4.74 (dd, J=7.4, 10.2 Hz, 1H), 5.40 (m, 1H), 6.03 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.83 (m, 1H), 7.12 (m, 1H), 7.46-7.54 (m, 2H), 11.82 (s, 1H)
13C NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5(ppm) 47.2, 71.6, 112.8, 119.3, 126.4, 126.9, 128.3, 129.1, 130.6, 136.2, 142.5, 163.2, 169.7
HRMS (ESI, M+Na+) C13H10F3NO4Na, 计算值 324.2087, 实测值 324.2083。
合物:
其中, 在 0°C下, 向化合物 132盐酸盐 (7.4mg, 0.0495mmol)的 DMF(165 l)溶液中依次加入水杨 酸 (6.8mg, 0.0495mmol)、 HOBt(6.7mg, 0.0495mmol)、 EDCI(15.4mg, 0.099mmol)和二异丙基乙胺 (26μ1, 0.149mmol), 在室温下搅拌使反应进行 15hr, 将反应混合物用乙酸乙酯稀释, 然后依次用水和盐水洗 涤。 将合并的有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥, 过滤, 再在真空下浓缩。 将残余物通过柱色谱法在硅胶上纯 化 (乙酸乙酯;), 再进行 PTLC纯化 (正乙烷 /乙酸乙酯 =1/1), 得到标题化合物为类 A色无定形粉末 (收率 41%)。
[a]2 D 2-19.9 (c=0.25, CHC13);
TLC Rf=0.73 (AcOEt)
Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5(ppm) 4.25 (dd, J=4.5, 10.2 Hz, 1H), 4.76 (dd, J=7.4, 10.2 Hz, 1H), 5.41 (m, 1H), 6.06 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (m, 1H), 6.89 (t, J=7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.41 -7.48 (m, 2H), 11.9 (s, 1 H)
13C NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 5(ppm) 46.0, 71.7, 113.2, 118.7, 125.5, 126.3, 127.0, 129.4, 135.0, 141.2, 161.6, 169.2
HRMS (ESI, M+Na+)C13H„N04Na, 计算值 256.2106, 实测值 256.2109。
实施例 IB: 参考实施例 1A的方法, 不同的是使用化合物 133为原料, 制备得到下式化合物:
实施例 1C: 参考实施例 1A的方法, 不同的是使用化合物 132和化合物 133的消旋物为原料, 制
备得到下式化合物^^ 。
在以下各实施例中, 使用不同的原料替代 2-羟基 -4- (三氟甲基)苯甲酸, 并使 ffl化合物 132和化合
实施例 2: R为 4-氯 -2-羟基 -苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4-氯 -2-羟基-苯甲酸。
实施例 3 : R为 2-羟基 -4-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -4-甲基苯甲酸。
实施例 4: R为 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酸。
实施例 5 : R为 2-羟基 -4-甲氧基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -4-甲氧基苯甲酸。
实施例 6: R为 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 7: R为 3-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 3-羟基 -2-萘甲酸。
实施例 8: R为 1 -羟基 -2-萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 1 -羟基 -2-萘甲酸。
实施例 9: R为 5-溴 -2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 5-溴 -2-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 10: R为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲 酸。
实施例 1 1 : R为 3-羟基 -7-甲氧基 -2-萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 3-羟基 -7-甲氧基 -2-萘甲酸。 实施例 12: R为 2-羟基 - 1 -萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -1 -萘甲酸。
实施例 13 : R为 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酸。 实施例 14: R为 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酸。 实施例 15: R为 7-溴 -3-径基 -2-萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 7-溴 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酸。
实施例 16: R为 3,4-二氟 -2-甲氧基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 3,4-二氟 -2-甲氧基苯甲酸。 实施例 17: R为 2-羟基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯 甲酸。
实施例 18: R为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-轻基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲 酸。
实施例 19: R为 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酸, 增加形成 二氟乙酸盐的步骤。
实施例 20: R为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基 苯甲酸。
实施例 21 : R为 7-氯 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 7-氯 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酸。
在以下各实施例中, 使用不同的原料替代水杨酸, 并使用化合物 132和化合物 133的消旋物, 采
实施例 23 : R为 4,5-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 4,5-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 24: R为 3,6-二氯- 2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 3,6-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 25 : R为 2,3,5-三氯 -6-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2,3,5-二氯 -6-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 26: R为 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酸。
实施例 27: R为 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酰基, 外消旋物。 原料为 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酸。
以上实施例 2-27各终产物通过 1H NMR、 13C NMR和 HRMS证实产物结构与标题化合物相同-
B . 生物学活性试验部分
试验例 1 : 实施例 10的化合物抑制细胞中的 NF-KB
采用两个报道基因细胞试验测定实施例 10的化合物抑制 NF-KB驱动转录的能力。 第一试验是利 用稳定整合了含有 3个 NF-KB启动子元件的 pNF-KB-luc报道质粒的 293-细胞试验。 第二试验是稳定 整合了含有 4个 NF-κΒ启动子元件的 pTRHI-NF-KB-dscGFP报道质粒的 293-细胞试验。 用 0、 0.2、 1、 10、 20和 40μΜ实施例 10的化合物处理细胞 2小时, 然后用 20ng/ml TNF-α诱导 18小时。 诱导后, 利用 BC (Beckman-Coulter) 2300酶标仪定量测定发光或荧光。 绘制发光和荧光数据产生的剂量应答曲 线。 观察到实施例 10的化合物以剂量依赖性方式抑制萤光素酶基因表达, 中值 IC5。(50%抑制浓度)为 5.4μΜ。 实施例 10的化合物还以剂量依赖性方式抑制绿色荧光蛋白基因表达, 中值 ICM为 3.2μΜ。 全 部数值是从 3个独立实验得到的中值均值。 作为对照, 比较 0.5% DMSO处理和未处理细胞以验证实 施例 10的化合物对萤光素酶的表达或试验读数没有影响。 DMSO处理群体中试验的输出值略有降低, 但在统计学上不显著。 作为对照的结果, 比较与 DMSO对照样品相比药物处理样品中活性的降低。
试验例 2: TransAM NF-κΒ家族 DNA结合 ELISA
采用 TransAM NF-KB家族结合 ELISA (活性基序公司 (Active Motii )评估与药物组分接触的活化核 提取物或纯化的重组 NF-KB蛋白的 NF-KB异源二聚体或同源一聚体亚单位的结合活性。 室温下, 将 3-5μ§ TNFa活化 Hela或 Raji细胞的核提取物 (活性基序公司)或 20ng纯化的重组蛋白 (活性基序公司的 p65和 p50, 圣克鲁斯生物技术公司的 p52)与用不含 DTT的完全裂解缓冲液稀释的 20μί药物化合物 温育 1小时。 然后将处理的样品转移至 NF-KB共有寡核苷酸预包被的微量板孔的 30μί完全结合缓冲 液 (含 DTT)。 对照包括含有裂解缓冲液而不含任何提取物或重组蛋白的非特异性结合 (NSB)孔 (背景), 含有仅用 DMSO处理的核提取物或重组蛋白的孔 (最大结合), 和含有提取物 /蛋白加上 20皮摩尔游离 野生型 NF-KB寡核苷酸作为竞争物或 20皮摩尔游离突变型 F-KB寡核苷酸作为对照的孔来测定特异 性。 平板在室温下温育 1小时并温和振荡, 然后用 200μί 1 χ洗涤缓冲液洗涤 3次。 用 ΙΟΟμΙ^该亚单位 的特异性一抗 (用 lx抗体缓冲液作 1 : 1000稀释)检测与平板结合的 NF-κΒ p65、 p50、 p52、 RelB或 c-Rel
亚单位。 室温下温育平板 1小时, 然后用 200μ χ洗涤缓冲液洗涤 3次。 然后将 ΙΟΟμί ΗΙ Ρ偶联的山 羊抗家兔抗体 (用 lx扰体缓冲液作 1 : 1000稀释)加入各孔。 室温下温育平板 1小时, 然后用 200μί lx 洗涤缓冲液洗涤 4次。 将 Ι ΟΟμί室温显影液加入各孔。 反应显影 2-10分钟直至产生中等深蓝色 (取决 于所用提取物批次或重组蛋白批次中的亚单位活性), 然后用 ΙΟΟμί终止液终止反应, 产生黄色。利用 B-D (Becton-Dickinson) DTX 880多功能检测器记录 450nm的吸光度, 扣除 620nm的参比波长。
试验例 3 : 抑制 RAW264.7中的 IL-6和 PGE2表达
在测试前一天, 将 RAW 264.7细胞以每孔 4 X 104个细胞接种在透明底的 96-孔白色 TC平板中的 完全生长培养基中, 一天后进行测定。 随后一大, 洗涤细胞一次, 加入 Ι ΟΟμί新鲜的生长培养基。 用 0.5μί的 DMSO配制的测试化合物的 6点 200χ连续稀释液中预处理细胞 2小时。 用药物预处理后, 加入 5 L 2(^g/mL的 LPS溶液 (西格玛公司 (Sigma))诱导炎性反应。 有药物和 ^g/mL LPS存在下再温 育细胞 20-24小时。 处理后, 总的 DMSO通常是培养体积的 0.05%. 根据各化合物的分子量, 化合物 的终浓度是约 40、 20、 10、 1、 0.2和 0μΜ。 视需要制备改进的连续稀释液以获得充足的剂量反应曲线 而不改变% DMSO。 样品作两复孔或三复孔处理, 包括用和不用 LPS刺激的 DMSO处理对照孔。 活 性己知的药物, 例如小白菊内酯或 (-) -DHMEQ用作实验对照。 LPS活化 20-24小时后, 收集细胞的培 养上清液,用新鲜培养基替换。以 l OOOxg离心 5分钟来澄清上清液样品,转移至新鲜的储存平板, -30Ό 冷冻储存。
实验确定合适的上清液稀释度后,按照生产商的方案,利用 Quantikine™小鼠 iL-6免疫测定 (研发 系统公司 (R&D Systems))定量测定上清液中的 mIL-6 水平。 将校验稀释剂 (Calibrator Diluent)稀释的 50μL上清液加入抗 -小鼠 IL-6捕捉抗体预包被的微量滴定板孔的 5(^L试验稀释剂 (Assay Diluent)中。 对照包括校验阳性 IL-6 对照样品、 含有校验稀释剂但不含 IL-6 的非特异性结合 (NSB)孔和重组小鼠 -6标准连续稀释液(10-100(^§/1111^。 室温下振荡温育平板 2小时, 然后用 400μί lx洗涤缓冲液洗涤 5次。 将 ΙΟΟμί HRP-偶联的抗 -小鼠 IL-6抗体加入各孔以检测平板上捕捉的 IL-6。 室温下温育平板 2 小时, 然后用 400μί lx洗涤缓冲液洗涤 5次。 混合等体积的显色试剂 A和 B , 将 ΙΟΟμί该 HRP底物 溶液加入平板的各孔。 蓝色显影 30分钟, 然后利用 ΙΟΟμί终止溶液终止反应, 产生黄色。 利用 B-D (Becton-Dickinson) DTX 880多功能检测器记录 450nm的吸光度, 扣除 620nm的参比波长。
曲线拟合 mIL-6标准吸光度数据并乘以稀释倍数来测定未知样品中 mIL-6的浓度。 没有抑制剂存 在下 (DMSO+LPS 处理孔)获得的最高活性设定为 100%的数值; 类似地, 没有刺激物存在下 (无 LPS) 的最低活性设定为 0%的数值。 相对于 DMSO+LPS处理的对照细胞中的最高活化程度, 计算药物处理 孔中 mIL-6细胞因子释放量的抑制作用(即, 抑制%= 100- (药物 +LPS处理) /(DMSO+LPS处理))。 利用 剂量应答曲线, 借助 SigmaPlot宏将 S形剂量应答曲线拟合成 (1(¾10)μΜ浓度与抑制%, 从而确定抑制
50% mIL-6细胞因子释放的有效浓度 (IC5Q)。如果化合物在测试浓度未达到最高抑制,用强制最高 (100%) 和最低 (0%)值辅助曲线拟合。 该技术获得 IC5Q的客观值, 只要测试浓度下达到 50%抑制。
实验确定合适的上清液稀释度后, 按照生产商的方案, 利用 Parameter TM PGE2免疫测定 (研发系 统公司)定量测定上清液中的 PGE2水平。将校验稀释剂稀释的 Ι ΟΟμί上清液和 50μί单克隆抗 -PGE2 - 抗加入山羊抗 -小鼠 IgG捕捉抗体预包被的微量滴定板孔。 然后加入 5(^L HRP偶联的 PGE2竞争剂。 对照包括含有校验稀释剂、 但不含一抗的非特异性结合 (NSB)孔和重组 PGE2 标准连续稀释液
(40-5000pg/mL)。 室温下振荡温育平板 2小时, 然后用 400μL· lx洗涤缓冲液洗涤 5次。 混合等体积的 显色试剂 A和 B , 将 200μί该 HRP底物溶液加入平板的各孔。 蓝色显影 30分钟, 然后利用 50uL终 止溶液终止反应, 产生黄色。 利用 B-D (Becton-Dickinson) DTX 880多功能检测器记录 450nm的吸光 度, 参比波长为 595nm。
曲线拟合 PGE2标准吸光度数据并乘以稀释倍数来测定未知样品中 PGE2的浓度。 没有抑制剂存 在下 (DMSO+LPS处理孔)获得的最高活性设定为 100%的数值; 类似地, 没有刺激物存在下 (非 LPS处 理细胞)的最低活性设定为 0%的数值。 相对于 DMSO+LPS处理的对照细胞中的最高活化程度, 计算 药物处理孔中 PEG2释放量的抑制作用 抑制%= 100- (药物 +LPS处理) /(DMSO+LPS处理):)。利用剂 量应答曲线,借助 SigmaPlot宏将 S形剂量应答曲线拟合成 (Ιο^Ο)μΜ浓度与抑制%,从而确定抑制 50% PGE2释放的有效浓度 (IC5。)。 如果化合物在测试浓度未达到最高抑制, 用强制最高 (100%)和最低 (0%) 值辅助曲线拟合。 该技术获得 IC5Q的客观值, 只要测试浓度下达到 50%抑制。
试验例 4: 化合物 10抑制多发性骨髓瘤生长:
按照商家的推荐, 解冻并培养冷冻保藏的 RPMI 8226和 U266B1细胞 (ATCC , 马纳萨斯, 弗吉尼 亚洲)。 将细胞以 2 X 105个细胞 /毫升 (0. 1毫升 /?L)的浓度接种在 96-孔白色壁组织培养平板上, 37 , 在加湿的 5% C02气氛下培养过夜。 将所示浓度 (0.5^ 200x DMSO储备液)的化合物加入各孔, 与细胞 温育 48小时。 将威斯康星州麦迪逊市普罗迈格公司(Promega, Madison, WI)的 Ι ΟΟμΙ CellTiter-Glo试 剂加入各孔、 用枪头混合, 并在室温下温育 10分钟来检测细胞活力。 用加利福尼亚州富勒敦 BC公司 (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton , CA)的 DTX 880多功能检测器读取发光值。 用加利福尼亚州圣何塞西塔 特软件公司 (Systat Software, San Jose, CA)的 SigmaPlot 1 1软件分析数据。 在该试验模型中, 实施例 10 的化合物对 RPMI8226 多发性骨髓瘤细胞和 U266BI 多发性骨髓瘤细胞生长的 50%抑制值分别为
1.4μΜ和 0.9μΜ, 上文各其它实施例化合物对两种瘤细胞的 50%抑制值均在 0.1~5μΜ范围内, 例如实 施例 1、实施例 1 A、实施例 6、实施例 13、实施例 19化合物对 U266B1瘤细胞的值分别为 0.7μΜ、0.2μΜ、 3.4μΜ、 1.7μΜ、 2.5μΜ。
除了实施例 10的化合物, 还对本发明其它化合物进行了测定。 结果显示, 对于用试验例 1方法 测得的参数 293 NF-KB-IUC ΕΟ50(μΜ), 上文各实施例化合物的值均在 1 -19μΜ范围内, 例如实施例 1、 实施例 1Α、 实施例 4、 实施例 8、 实施例 17的值分别为 7μΜ、 2μΜ、 4μΜ、 ΠμΜ、 5μΜ。
对于用试验例 1 方法测得的参数 NF-KB/293/GFP Ε€50(μΜ) , 上文各实施例化合物的值均在 0.4-13μΜ范围内,例如实施例 1、实施例 1 A、实施例 1 B、实施例 5、实施例 12的值分别为 4μΜ、 0.8μΜ、 3μΜ、 11 μΜ、 6μΜ。
对于用试验例 3方法测得的参数 RAW264.7 IL-6释放 Ε<:5()(μΜ), 上文各实施例化合物的值均在
0.2-4μΜ范围内,例如实施例 1、实施例 1 Α、实施例 1 C、实施例 6、实施例 10的值分别为 4μΜ、 0.3μΜ、 2.3μΜ、 1 μΜ、 3μΜ。
对于用试验例 3方法测得的参数 RAW264.7 PGE2释放 EC5。 M), 上文各实施例化合物的值均在 1-6μΜ范围内, 例如实施例 1、 实施例 1 Α、 实施例 4、 实施例 9、 实施例 27的值分别为 2μΜ、 1.1 μΜ、 2μΜ、 1 μΜ、 2μΜ。 小白菊内酯和 DHMEQ的值分别为 15μΜ、 1 1.5μΜ。
对于用试验例 2方法测得的参数 Ρ65结合 Ι< 5。(μΜ), 上文各实施例化合物的值均在 2-45μΜ范围
内, 例如实施例 1、 实施例 1 A、 实施例 4、 实施例 5、 实施例 22的值分别为 23μΜ、 12μΜ、 42μΜ、 21 μΜ、 33μΜ。
对于用试验例 2 方法测得的参数 5μΜ 的 c-Rel 结合 :5。(μΜ), 上文各实施例化合物的值均在 3-40μΜ范围内, 例如实施例 1、 实施例 1 Α、 实施例 4、 实施例 7、 实施例 24的值分别为 21 μΜ、 4μΜ、 1 1 μΜ、 23μΜ、 14μΜ。
对于用试验例 2方法测得的参数 5μΜ的 RelB结合 :5ο(μΜ) ,上文各实施例化合物的值均在 1 -30μΜ 范围内,例如实施例 1 Α、实施例 5、实施例 13、实施例 16、实施例 25的值分别为 3μΜ、 14μΜ、 21 μΜ、 13μΜ、 26μΜ。
另外, 将本发明各实施例的化合物置于开口容器中, 在 40°C相对湿度 65%条件下放置 3个月进 行稳定性处置, 测定如此处置前后各化合物中的目标物质的百分含量, 对于某一化合物, 计算其经上 述稳定性处置后相对于未经稳定性处置量目标物质的相对百分含量(%;)。结果显示,它们本发明各实施 例化合物的相对百分含量均在 95°/。~99%之间, 例如实施例 1、 实施例 1 A、 实施例 1 B、 实施例 8、 实 施例 22化合物在 3个朋后的相对百分含量分别为 97.5%、 98.2%、 97.6%、 95.7%、 96.4%。 经同样的 方式处置,测定其它化合物在 3个月后的相对百分含量,结果显示,(-) -DHMEQ为 78%, CN 102439000A 中实施例 1 -27化合物均在 55%~83%范围内。 含量测定方法为 HPLC法, 测定条件为: 以十八烷基硅 垸键合硅胶为填料的色谱杵:, 以甲醇-水 (60:40)为流动相, 检测波长为 254nm, 按照常规的 HPLC法测 定。
无需进一步描述, 本领域普通技术人员相信采用以上描述和以下示范性实施例可制备和利用本发 明化合物并实施本发明方法。 虽然参考各种具体的材料、 方法和实施例描述和说明了本发明, 但应该 知道本发明不限于为该目的而选择的材料和方法的特定组合。 本领域技术人员应知道此类细节提示有 多种变化。 本申请通篇引用的所有专利、 专利中请和其它参考文献通过引用全文纳入本文。
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Claims
权利要求
1.
或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药 异构体, 其中
R)选自 :
其中 m=0-4, n+p=0-4;
各 R3独立为氢; CF3;任选用以下基团取代的苯基:氰基、卤素、硝基、羟基、(CrC6)烃基、 (C,-C6) '烃基 -OH、 (d- )垸氧基、 COR4、 NR5R6或 NHCO (d-Q烃基); 氰基; '素; 硝基; 羟基; (C,-C6) 烃基; (CrC6)环烃基; ( -Q烃基 -OH; (C,-C6)-烃基 -NR5R6 ; 二氟甲基; (C C^)烷氧基; (C,-C6)硫代 垸氧基; 苯氧基; COR4: NR5R6 ; NHCO(C,-C6)烃基; S03H; SO -C^jg基或 S02NR5R6 ;
R2是 H、 R7、 COR7, CONHR7 > COOR7、 CH2OCOR7、 P(0)(OH)2、 PiOXOC C^)烃基 )2、 POXOCHzOCO -Cs)烃基)2、 PCOXOHXOCFbOCOd-^)烃基)、 POXOHXOd- )烃基)、 或 P(0)(OH)(C】-C6)烃基), POXO - )烃基 )2、 POXOCHaOCCX - )烃基 )2、 P(0)(OH)(OCH2OCO(CrC6) 烃基)、 P(0)(OH)(OCrC6)烃基)或 PiOXOHX -Q经基)的无机盐, 或糖基 (除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合 物的羟基所得基团), 其中 R7是 CrC6'J¾基、 二氟甲基、 (CrC6)环烃基、 环己基甲基或苯基, 其中苯 基被 0-4个选自以下的基团取代: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 二氟甲基、 ( -C 烃基、 ( -C4)烷氧基, 苯基 甲基, 被以下取代的苯基甲基: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 三氟甲基、 ( -C4)烃基、 垸氧基、 2-、 3- 或 4-吡啶基、 2-、 4-或 5-嘧啶基;
R4独立地为羟基、 ( Q烷氧基、 苯氧基或 -NR5R6;
R5和 R6各自独立为氢;(d-Q烃基或 (C3-C6)环烃基; 或者 R5和 R6可任选与氮原子组合形成含有 选 Θ氮、 氧或硫的杂原子的六元环, 其中该环任选被 (C,-C6)烃基或 (CrC^)环烃基)取代;
m=0到 4;
n+p=0到 6。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2的式 I化合物, 其中 R2是H。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2的式 I化合物, 其中 R2是 R7、 COR7、 CONHR7、 COOR7、 CH2OCOR7、 P(0)(OH)2、 P(0)(0(C,-C6)烃基 )2、 POXOCF OCOd-C^烃基 )2、 PiOXOHXOCl^OCOd-Co)烃基)、 PiOXOHXOd-Cs)烃基)、或 P(0)(OH)(C,-C6)烃基), P(0)(0(CrC6)烃基 )2、 POXOC ^OCC Cr )烃基 )2、 PiOXOHXOC OCC d-Ci烃基)、 Ρ^ΧΟΗΧΟΙ^-Ο烃基)或 PCOXOHXC Cs)烃基)的无机盐, 或糖基 (除去半缩醛形式的碳水化合物的羟基所得基团), 其中!^是^-^烃基、 三氟甲基、 (C3- )环烃基、 环己基甲基或苯基, 其中苯基被 0-4个选自以下的基团取代: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 三氟甲基、 ( -C4) 烃基、 (C C^)烷氧基, 苯基甲基, 被以下取代的苯基甲基: 氟、 氯、 溴、 羟基、 二氟甲基、 ( C4)烃 基、 (Cr )垸氧基、 2-、 3-或 4-吡啶基、 2-、 4-或 5-嘧啶基。
5. 根据权利要求 1或 2的式 I化合物, 其中各 R3独立为氢; CF3; 任选用以下基团取代的苯基: 氰基、卤素、硝基、羟基、(CrC6)烃基、(C Q烃基 -OH、( -Q烷氧基、 COR4、 NR5R6或 NHCO (C!-Q 烃基); 氰基; 卤素; 硝基; 羟基; ( C6)烃基; (CrC6)环烃基; (CrC6)烃基 -OH: (C【- C6)-烃基 -NR5R6; 三氟甲基; ( -Q烷氧基; (C )硫代垸氧基; 苯氧基; COR4; NR5R6 ; NHCO (CrC6)烃基; S03H; SCMCr^)烃基或 S02NR5R6;
R4独立地为羟基、 ( -C6)垸氧基、 苯氧基或 -NR5R6 ;
R5和 R6各自独立为氢;( -Q烃基或 (¾-( 6)环烃基: 或者 R5和 可任选与氮原子组合形成含有 选自氮、 氧或硫的杂原子的六元环, 其中该环任选被 (Cr )烃基或 (C3-C6)环烃基)取代。
合物, 其为以下式 la化合物:
la
或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体, 其中各取代基如权利要求 1所述。
其中 R1选自: 2-羟基 -4- (三氟甲基)苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 4-氯 -2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4- 甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -2- 萘甲酰基、 1-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -7-甲 氧基 -2-萘甲酰基、 2-轻基- 萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 7-溴 -3-羟基- 2-萘甲酰基、 3,4-二氟 -2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨 基) -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 7-氯 -3-羟基 -2-萘 甲酰基、 4-叔丁基 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4,5-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3,6-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2,3,5-三氯 -6-羟基苯甲酰基、 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酰基。
8. 根据权利要求 1 的化合物, 其为下式化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体:
其中 R1选自: 2-羟基 -4- (三氟甲基)苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 4-氯 -2-羟基 -苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4- 甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -4-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 3-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -2- 萘甲酰基、 1 -轻基 -2-萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-经基苯甲酰基、 3-羟基 -7-甲 氧基 -2-萘甲酰基、 2-羟基 -1 -萘甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 5-溴 -2-羟基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 7-溴 -3-羟基 -2-萘甲酰基、 3,4-二氟 -2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 2-轻基 -6-异丙基 -3-甲基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨 基 )-2- 基苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基)苯甲酰基、 4- (二甲基氨基 )-2-甲氧基苯甲酰基、 7-氯 -3-羟基- 2-萘 甲酰基、 4-叔丁基 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 4,5-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 3,6-二氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2,3,5-三氯 -6-羟基苯甲酰基、 5-氯 -2-羟基苯甲酰基、 2-羟基 -5-甲基苯甲酰基。
9. 一种药物组合物, 其中包含权利耍求 1 -8任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体, 以及药学上可接受的载体或辅料。
10. 权利要求 1-8任一项的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、 溶剂合物、 酯、 前药、 异构体在制备 用于治疗或预防癌症、 炎症、 Θ身免疫疾病、 糖尿病和糖尿病并发症、 感染、 心血管疾病和缺血 -再灌 注损伤的药物中的用途。
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