JP6153125B2 - 抗ウイルス剤 - Google Patents
抗ウイルス剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6153125B2 JP6153125B2 JP2012275838A JP2012275838A JP6153125B2 JP 6153125 B2 JP6153125 B2 JP 6153125B2 JP 2012275838 A JP2012275838 A JP 2012275838A JP 2012275838 A JP2012275838 A JP 2012275838A JP 6153125 B2 JP6153125 B2 JP 6153125B2
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- hiv
- cancer
- dimethyl
- pyrano
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- YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N sodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2-[(2s,3s,4r,5r,6r)-6-[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2- Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 YWIVKILSMZOHHF-QJZPQSOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGMJQSFLQWGYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,6-dichloro-n-phenylaniline;acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O.ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 JGMJQSFLQWGYMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LZKJPWJJSTWQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;[4-[[2-[2-(3-chloro-5-cyanobenzoyl)phenoxy]acetyl]amino]-3-methylphenyl]sulfonyl-propanoylazanide Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC(S(=O)(=O)[N-]C(=O)CC)=CC=C1NC(=O)COC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=CC(C#N)=C1 LZKJPWJJSTWQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AGHLUVOCTHWMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium;gold(3+);2-sulfanylbutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Au+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(S)C([O-])=O AGHLUVOCTHWMJV-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010356 sorbitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003329 sulfinpyrazone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinpyrazone Chemical compound O=C1N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)C1CCS(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MBGGBVCUIVRRBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000000596 systemic lupus erythematosus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001685 tacrine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940033134 talc Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N taxol Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@]2(C[C@@H](C(C)=C(C2(C)C)[C@H](C([C@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@H]3OC[C@]3([C@H]21)OC(C)=O)=O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RCINICONZNJXQF-MZXODVADSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004556 tenofovir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004693 tenofovir disoproxil fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005922 tert-pentoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003433 thalidomide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001984 thiazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002053 thietanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004149 thio group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001166 thiolanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005505 thiomorpholino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[6-(trimethylazaniumyl)hexyl]azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C GBXQPDCOMJJCMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940121358 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005483 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODVKSTFPQDVPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N urinastatin Chemical compound C1C=CCCC11COC(C=2OC=CC=2)OC1 ODVKSTFPQDVPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010088854 urinastatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229940044950 vaginal gel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000029 vaginal gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229960004295 valine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004528 vincristine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-XQKSVPLYSA-N vincristine Chemical compound C([N@]1C[C@@H](C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C=3C(=CC4=C([C@]56[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]7(CC)C=CCN([C@H]67)CC5)(O)C(=O)OC)N4C=O)C=3)OC)C[C@@](C1)(O)CC)CC1=C2NC2=CC=CC=C12 OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-XQKSVPLYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vincristine Natural products C1C(CC)(O)CC(CC2(C(=O)OC)C=3C(=CC4=C(C56C(C(C(OC(C)=O)C7(CC)C=CCN(C67)CC5)(O)C(=O)OC)N4C=O)C=3)OC)CN1CCC1=C2NC2=CC=CC=C12 OGWKCGZFUXNPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004355 vindesine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N vindesine Chemical compound C([C@@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(N)=O)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1N=C1[C]2C=CC=C1 UGGWPQSBPIFKDZ-KOTLKJBCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011534 wash buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000016261 weight loss Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229950004227 zaltoprofen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940052255 ziagen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004933 β-carbolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D201/00—Preparation, separation, purification or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- AIDS & HIV (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
[1]下記一般式(I):
R1は、水素、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、置換基を有していてもよい複素環基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基、アルコキシ基、アルキルカルボニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリールカルボニル基、置換基を有していてもよい複素環カルボニル基、シクロアルキルカルボニル基、シクロアルケニルカルボニル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、置換基を有していてもよいカルボキシル基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノカルボニル基又は一般式(1):
R16、R17及びR18は同一又は異なって水素、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、置換基を有していてもよい複素環基、ジアルキルアミノ基、又は置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基を意味する]
で表される構造を意味し;
R2は、水素、アルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、シクロアルキル基、アルキルカルボニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリールカルボニル基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、チオール基、アルキルチオ基、置換基を有していてもよいアリールチオ基、アルキルスルホニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリールスルホニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノカルボニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノスルホニル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリールオキシカルボニル基、アミノ基、アルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、アシルアミノ基、アルキルスルホニルアミノ基又は置換基を有していてもよいアリールスルホニルアミノ基、或いはOR2a(式中、R2aは、水素、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基又は置換基を有していてもよいアリール基を意味する)を意味し、OR2aはR1とともに一般式(2):
で表される環を形成し;
R3は、水素、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、アルコキシ基、又はアリール基を意味し;
R4は、水素又はOR4a(式中、R4aは、水素、アルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基又はアリール基を意味する)を意味し、OR4aはR3とともに一般式(2):
で表される環を形成し;
R4が水素である場合R2はOR2aであり、
R4がOR4aである場合R2はOR2aではない;
式:
式(a):
式(b):
式(c):
式(d):
式(e):
その薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する抗ウイルス剤。
[2]一般式(I)で表される化合物が、下記一般式(II)で表される化合物である、[1]記載の抗ウイルス剤:
R1’は、水素、複素環基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基、複素環カルボニル基、シクロアルキルカルボニル基、シクロアルケニルカルボニル基又は一般式(1’):
R16’、R17’及びR18’は同一又は異なって水素、アルキル基又は置換基を有していてもよいアリール基を意味する]
で表される構造を意味し;
R2’は、アルコキシ基を意味し;
R3’は、水素又はアルキル基を意味し;
R4’は、OR4a’(式中、R4a’はアルキル基を意味する)を意味し、OR4a’はR3’とともに一般式(2’):
で表される環を形成し;
式:
式(a’):
式(b’):
[3]一般式(I)で表される化合物が、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−(2−メチルブタノイル)−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−(2−メチルブタノイル)−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
4−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)ブタン酸、
4−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)−N,N−ジメチルブタンアミド、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−[4−オキソ−4−(4−ピリジン−2−イルピペラジン−1−イル)ブチル]−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−10−プロピル−2,7−ジヒドロ−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]キノリン−8−オン、
6−アセチル−5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−ペンタノイル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−イソブチリル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
10−(3−ブロモフェニル)−5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)プロピオン酸エチルエステル、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)プロピオン酸、
5−ヒドロキシ−8,8−ジメチル−4−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−2−オン、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)−N,N−ジメチルプロパンアミド、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−(3−オキソ−3−ピロリジン−1−イルプロピル)−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、又は
6−シクロペンチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン
である、[1]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[4]一般式(I)で表される化合物が、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、又は
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン
である、[1]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[5]一般式(I)で表される化合物が、下記構造式を有する、5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オンである、[1]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[7]レトロウイルスがHIVである、[6]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[8]少なくとも一種の他の抗HIV剤を含む[1]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[9]他の抗HIV剤が、逆転写酵素阻害剤、プロテアーゼ阻害剤、インテグラーゼ阻害剤、DNAポリメラーゼ阻害剤及びDNA合成阻害剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である[8]記載の抗ウイルス剤。
[10]HIV感染患者におけるHIV複製を阻害するための薬剤を製造するための、[1]〜[4]記載の化合物の使用。
[11]患者ががん、他の感染症又は免疫疾患を患っている、[10]に記載の使用。
[12]がんが、急性骨髄性白血病、急性リンパ性白血病、カポジ肉腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、平滑筋肉腫、絨毛癌、多発性骨髄腫、軟部腫瘍、小細胞肺癌、慢性骨髄性白血病、甲状腺癌、骨肉腫、頭頸部癌、食道癌、非小細胞肺癌、乳癌、大腸癌、胃癌、胆道癌、脳腫瘍、悪性黒色腫、腎臓癌、膵臓癌、肝臓癌、子宮頚癌、睾丸癌、皮膚癌又は肛門癌からなる群より選択される[11]に記載の使用。
本明細書中の「置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基」とは、置換可能な位置に1から5個、好ましくは1から3個の置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基を意味する。このような置換基としては、例えばカルボキシル基、ジアルキルアミノカルボニル基(例、ジメチルアミノカルボニル)、置換基を有していてもよい複素環カルボニル基(後述)、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基(後述)、アルキルオキシカルボニル基(例、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル)、アルケニルカルボニルオキシ基(例、イソブテニルカルボニルオキシ)等が挙げられる。
本明細書中の「置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基」としては、置換可能な位置に1から5個、好ましくは1から3個の置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基を意味する。このような置換基としては、例えばヒドロキシ基、ジアルキルアミノ基(後述)、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基(後述)等が挙げられる。
本明細書中の「置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基」とは、置換可能な位置に1から5個、好ましくは1から3個の置換基を有していてもよいアルキニル基を意味する。このような置換基としては、例えばヒドロキシ基等が挙げられる。
本明細書中の「置換基を有していてもよいアリール基」とは、置換可能な位置に1から5個、好ましくは1から3個の置換基を有していてもよいアリール基を意味する。このような置換基としては、例えばハロゲン(例、臭素、塩素)、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ヒドロキシ基、アミノカルボニル基、アセチル基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基(後述)、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基(後述)、アルコキシ基(後述)、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基(前述)等が挙げられる。
「芳香族複素環基」としては、例えば、フリル、チエニル、ピロリル、オキサゾリル、イソオキサゾリル、チアゾリル、イソチアゾリル、イミダゾリル、ピラゾリル、1,2,3−オキサジアゾリル、1,2,4−オキサジアゾリル、1,3,4−オキサジアゾリル、フラザニル、1,2,3−チアジアゾリル、1,2,4−チアジアゾリル、1,3,4−チアジアゾリル、1,2,3−トリアゾリル、1,2,4−トリアゾリル、テトラゾリル、ピリジル、ピリダジニル、ピリミジニル、ピラジニル、トリアジニル等の単環式芳香族複素環基;およびベンゾフラニル、イソベンゾフラニル、ベンゾ[b]チエニル、インドリル、イソインドリル、1H−インダゾリル、ベンゾイミダゾリル、ベンゾオキサゾリル、ベンゾ[d]イソオキサゾリル、ベンゾチアゾリル、ベンゾ[d]イソチアゾリル、1H−ベンゾトリアゾリル、キノリル、イソキノリル、シンノリニル、キナゾリニル、キノキサリニル、フタラジニル、ナフチリジニル、プリニル、プテリジニル、カルバゾリル、α−カルボリニル、β−カルボリニル、γ−カルボリニル、アクリジニル、フェノキサジニル、フェノチアジニル、フェナジニル、フェノキサチイニル、チアントレニル、フェナトリジニル、フェナトリジニル、フェナントロリニル、インドリジニル、ピロロ[1,2−b]ピリダジニル、ピラゾロ[1,5−a]ピリジル、イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピリジル、イミダゾ[1,5−a]ピリジル、イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピリダジニル、イミダゾ[1,2−a]ピリミジニル、1,2,4−トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピリジル、1,2,4−トリアゾロ[4,3−b]ピリダジニル等の縮合芳香族複素環基;が挙げられる。
「非芳香族複素環基」としては、例えば、アゼチジニル、オキセタニル、チエタニル、ピロリジニル、テトラヒドロフリル、チオラニル、イミダゾリジニル、ピラゾリジニル、オキサゾリジニル、チアゾリジニル、ピペリジル、テトラヒドロピラニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、ピペラジニル等の単環式非芳香族複素環基;およびイソクロマニル、ジヒドロベンゾピラニル、ジヒドロキノリル、イソクロメニル、クロメニル(2H−クロメニル、4H−クロメニル)、1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロイソキノリル、1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロキノリル、2,3−ジヒドロベンゾフラニル、ベンゾ[1,3]ジオキソリル等の縮合非芳香族複素環基;が挙げられる。
「置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基」の具体例としては、メチルアミノ、エチルアミノ、プロピルアミノ、イソプロピルアミノ、ブチルアミノ、イソブチルアミノ、sec−ブチルアミノ、tert−ブチルアミノ、ペンチルアミノ、イソペンチルアミノ、ネオペンチルアミノ、tert−ペンチルアミノ、ヘキシルアミノ等のC1−C6アルキルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、N−エチル−N−メチルアミノ等のジ(C1−C6)アルキルアミノ基、フェニルアミノ、1−ナフチルアミノ、2−ナフチルアミノ、トリフルオロフェニルアミノ等のC6−C14アリールアミノ基、ジフェニルアミノ、ジナフチルアミノ等のジ(C6−C14)アリールアミノ基、フェニルアミノカルボニル、ブテニルカルボニル、ベンゾジオキソリルカルボニル等が挙げられる。
「アルケニルカルボニル基」は、好ましくはC2−C6アルケニル−カルボニル基であり、具体的には、ビニルカルボニル、1−プロペニルカルボニル、2−プロペニルカルボニル、2−ブテニルカルボニル、3−ブテニルカルボニル等が挙げられる。
「アルコキシカルボニル基」は、好ましくはC1−C6アルコキシ−カルボニル基であり、具体的には、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、n−プロポキシカルボニル、イソプロポキシカルボニル、n−ブトキシカルボニル、イソブトキシカルボニル、sec−ブトキシカルボニル、tert−ブトキシカルボニル等が挙げられる。
「シクロアルキルカルボニル基」は、好ましくはC3−C6シクロアルキル−カルボニル基であり、具体的には、シクロプロピルカルボニル、シクロブチルカルボニル、シクロペンチルカルボニル、シクロヘキシルカルボニル、シクロヘプチルカルボニル、シクロオクチルカルボニル等が挙げられる。
「置換基を有していてもよいアリールカルボニル基」は、好ましくは、C6−C14アリール−カルボニル基であり、具体的には、ベンゾイル、1−ナフトイル、2−ナフトイル等が挙げられる。
本明細書中において、「置換基を有していてもよいアミノカルボニル基」とは、例えばアルキルアミノ基(好ましくはC1−C6アルキルでモノ又はジ置換されたアミノ基)あるいはアリールアミノ基(好ましくはC6−C14アリール基でモノ又はジ置換されたアミノ基)で置換されたカルボニル基を意味し、具体的には、メチルアミノカルボニル、エチルアミノカルボニル、n−プロピルアミノカルボニル、イソプロピルアミノカルボニル、n−ブチルアミノカルボニル、イソブチルアミノカルボニル、tert−ブチルアミノカルボニル、n−ペンチルアミノカルボニル、イソペンチルアミノカルボニル、ヘキシルアミノカルボニル、ジメチルアミノカルボニル、ジエチルアミノカルボニル、ジn−プロピルアミノカルボニル、ジイソプロピルアミノカルボニル、ジn−ブチルアミノカルボニル、ジイソブチルアミノカルボニル、ジtert−ブチルアミノカルボニル、ジn−ペンチルアミノカルボニル、ジイソペンチルアミノカルボニル、ジヘキシルアミノカルボニル、フェニルアミノカルボニル、ナフチルアミノカルボニル等が挙げられる。
本明細書中の「置換基を有していてもよい複素環カルボニル基」とは、カルボニル基の他に、置換可能な位置に1〜3個の置換基を有していてもよい複素環カルボニル基を意味する。そのような置換基としては、ハロゲン(上述)、アルキル基(上述)、アラルキル基(例、ベンジル)、複素環基(上述)、アルコキシ基(後述)等が挙げられる。
「アルキルチオ基」は、好ましくは、C1−C6アルキルチオ基であり、具体的には、メチルチオ、エチルチオ、n−プロピルチオ、イソプロピルチオ、n−ブチルチオ、イソブチルチオ、tert−ブチルチオ等が挙げられる。
「置換基を有していてもよいアリールチオ基」は、好ましくは、置換基を有していてもよいC6−C14アリールチオ基であり、具体的には、フェニルチオ、ナフチルチオ等が挙げられる。
「アルキルスルホニル基」は、好ましくは、C1−C6アルキルスルホニル基であり、具体的には、メチルスルホニル、エチルスルホニル、n−プロピルスルホニル、イソプロピルスルホニル、n−ブチルスルホニル、イソブチルスルホニル、tert−ブチルスルホニル等が挙げられる。
「置換基を有していてもよいアリールスルホニル基」は、好ましくは、置換基を有していてもよいC6−C14アリールスルホニル基であり、具体的には、フェニルスルホニル、ナフチルスルホニル等が挙げられる。
式(1)中、R16は好ましくは、水素又はアルキル基であり、R17及びR18は、好ましくは、同一又は異なって、水素、アルキル基、置換基を有していてもよいアリール基、置換基を有していてもよい複素環基、ジアルキルアミノ基又は置換基を有していてもよいアルケニル基である。
式(2)中、R19及びR20はアルキル基であることが好ましく、R21及びR22は水素であることが好ましい。
OR2aがR1とともに置換基を有していてもよい一般式(2)で表される環を形成する場合には式(I)で表される化合物は下記一般式で表される化合物である。
式(I)中、R3は、好ましくは、水素、アルキル基又はアルコキシ基である。
式(I)中、R4は、好ましくは、水素、ヒドロキシ基又はアルコキシ基である。さらにR4がOR4a(式中、R4aは、上述と同義)である場合は、R3とともに置換基を有していてもよい一般式(2)で表される環を形成する。ただし、R4が水素である場合R2はOR2a(式中、R2aは上述と同義)であり、R4がOR4aである場合R2はOR2aではない。
式(2)中、R19及びR20はアルキル基であることが好ましく、R21及びR22は水素であることが好ましい。
OR4aがR3とともに置換基を有していてもよい一般式(2)で表される環を形成する場合には式(I)で表される化合物は下記一般式で表される化合物である。
式(a)において、X1は好ましくはO又はNHであり、R5a及びR5bは好ましくは、同一又は異なって水素、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基、又は置換基を有していてもよいアリール基である。
式(b)において、R6及びR7は好ましくは、同一又は異なってアルキル基を意味する。C−R6R7がC=Oを形成することも又好ましい。R8は好ましくはオキソ基又はアルキル基であり、
式(c)において、R9は好ましくは水素であり、R10は好ましくは水素であり、R11は好ましくは置換基を有していてもよいアリールカルボニル基である。
式(d)において、X2は、好ましくはNであり、R12は好ましくは置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基である。
式(e)において、R13は好ましくはアリール基であり、R14は好ましくはアルキル基である。
R1’は、水素、複素環基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基、複素環カルボニル基、シクロアルキルカルボニル基、シクロアルケニルカルボニル基又は一般式(1’):
R16’、R17’及びR18’は同一又は異なって水素、アルキル基又は置換基を有していてもよいアリール基を意味する]
で表される構造を意味し;
R2’は、アルコキシ基を意味し;
R3’は、水素又はアルキル基を意味し;
R4’は、OR4a’(式中、R4a’はアルキル基を意味する)を意味し、OR4a’はR3’とともに一般式(2’):
で表される環を形成し;
式:
式(a’):
式(b’):
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(GUT-70)、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−(2−メチルブタノイル)−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−1)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−(2−メチルブタノイル)−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−2)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−3)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−4)、
4−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)ブタン酸(BNS−6)、
4−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)−N,N−ジメチルブタンアミド(BNS−8)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−[4−オキソ−4−(4−ピリジン−2−イルピペラジン−1−イル)ブチル]−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−9)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−10−プロピル−2,7−ジヒドロ−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]キノリン−8−オン(BNS−10)、
6−アセチル−5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−12)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−ペンタノイル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−13)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−イソブチリル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−14)、
10−(3−ブロモフェニル)−5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−15)、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)プロピオン酸エチルエステル(BNS−16)、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)プロピオン酸(BNS−18)、
5−ヒドロキシ−8,8−ジメチル−4−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−2−オン(BNS−19)、
5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−20)、
3−(5−ヒドロキシ−2,2−ジメチル−8−オキソ−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−10−イル)−N,N−ジメチルプロパンアミド(BNS−21)、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−10−(3−オキソ−3−ピロリジン−1−イルプロピル)−6−プロピオニル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−24)、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−26)、
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−27)、及び
6−シクロペンチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン(BNS−29)等が挙げられ、好ましくは
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、及び
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン
であり、特に好ましくは下記構造式を有する化合物5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オンである。
また、静脈内滴下、皮膚用パッチ剤、皮下ポンプ、ポリマーインプラント;あるいはナノスフェア製剤を使用した投与のように、治療的に効果的な任意の長さの時間中、連続して実行され得る形態にて投与されても良い。
無痛化剤の好適な例として、例えばベンジルアルコール等が挙げられる。
抗酸化剤の好適な例として、例えば亜硫酸塩、アスコルビン酸等が挙げられる。
着色剤の好適な例として、例えばタール色素、カラメル、三二酸化鉄、酸化チタン、リボフラビン類等が挙げられる。
甘味剤の好適な例として、ブドウ糖、果糖、転化糖、ソルビトール、キシリトール、グリセリン、単シロップ等が挙げられる。
投与量は対象疾患、症状、投与対象、投与方法等によって異なるが、例えば、本発明化合物を1日量約0.1〜100mg/kg(体重)程度、好ましくは約1〜10mg/kg(体重)程度、更に好ましくは約1〜3mg/kg(体重)程度を1回又は2ないし3回に分けて投与するのが好ましい。
)、FP−21399、PRO−542、エンフビルチドなどであり得る。IL−2作動薬または拮抗剤は、インターロイキン−2、イムネース(登録商標)、プロロイキン(登録商標)、ムルチキン(Multikine)(登録商標)、オンタック(登録商標)などであり得る。TNF−α拮抗剤は、サロミド(登録商標)(サリドマイド)、レミケード(登録商標)(インフリキシマブ)、カードラン硫酸などであり得る。α−グルコシダーゼ阻害剤は、ブキャスト(Bucast)(登録商標)などであり得る。
例えば試験化合物を、本発明化合物と組み合わせて、HIV感染細胞培養物中に添加し、細胞培養物中のレトロウイルスの複製を測定し、標準サンプル(例、試験化合物を含まないサンプル、試験化合物のみ含むサンプル、または他のそれらのバリアント)と比較することができる。結果の比較によって、例えば本発明化合物との併用治療において有益に用いられ得る試験化合物が示される。さらに同様の手法で、本発明化合物と他の薬剤との併用治療において有益に用いられる試験化合物を得ることもできる。
T細胞株Molt−4(RIKEN CELL BANKより入手)、T細胞株HUT78、T細胞株Jurkat−HXBc2及びJurkat−522F/Y(いずれもNIH AIDS Research & Reference Reagent Programより入手)、HIV−1潜伏細胞株U1(NIH AIDS Research & Reference Reagent Programより入手)、TZM−bl細胞(NIH AIDS Research & Reference Reagent Programより入手)を使用した。
HIV−1株NL4−3(NIH AIDS Research & Reference Reagent Programより入手)を使用した。
GUT−70(佐賀大学から提供)、PMA(SIGMA−ALDRICH,ST.Louis,MO)及びTNF−α(Pepro Tech)を使用した。
Molt−4細胞は、RPMI−1640(和光純薬)に10%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS,Thermo Scientific HyClone,South Logan, Utah, USA)を添加した培地で培養した。
T細胞株HUT78は、RPMI−1640(和光純薬)に10%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS,Thermo Scientific HyClone,South Logan, Utah, USA)、100U/mL ペニシリン及び50μg/mL ストレプトマイシンを添加した培地で培養した。
Jurkat−HXBc2細胞及びJurkat−522F/Y細胞は、RPMI−1640(和光純薬)に10%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS,Thermo Scientific HyClone,South Logan, Utah, USA)、200μg/mL G418、200μg/mL ハイグロマイシン及び1μg/mL テトラサイクリンを添加した培地で培養した。
U1細胞は、RPMI−1640(和光純薬)に10%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS,Thermo Scientific HyClone,South Logan, Utah, USA)、100U/mL ペニシリン及び100μg/mL ストレプトマイシンを添加した培地で培養した。
TZM−bl細胞は、DMEM(和光純薬)に10%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS,Thermo Scientific HyClone,South Logan, Utah, USA)、100U/mL ペニシリン及び100μg/mL ストレプトマイシンを添加した培地で培養した。
T細胞株Molt−4に、spinoculation法(J.Virol.,vol.74, p.10074−10080,2000)で、HIV−1株NL4−3を感染させた。12穴マイクロプレートに1×105個/ウエルに前記細胞を播種し3日間培養した。前記細胞にGUT−70を、0、10μM添加した。さらに前記細胞を4−7日間培養し、FITC標識抗p24抗体(Beckman−Coulter社、以下同様)で定法通り染色し、LSR−II flow cytometer(BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA、以下同様)を用いてp24の発現細胞の割合を解析した。p24抗原はHIV−1ウイルスの構造タンパク質であり、当該タンパク質を検出することによりHIV−1の複製の程度を測定することができる。結果を図1に示す。図中、mockは、(HIV−1及びGUT−70添加なし)、conは(HIV−1添加あり、GUT−70添加なし)を示す。GUT−70添加により、HIV−1の複製は抑制された。さらに、それを裏付けるために、前記培養7日目の細胞培養上清中のp24 Gagタンパク質量をELISA法により、HIV−1 p24 antigen ELISA kit(Tropical Technology Center, Okinawa, Japan)を使用して定量した。結果を図1−3に示す。
GUT−70の細胞膜の流動性に対する効果を検討した。T細胞HUT78(2.5×106個)を、最終濃度2×10−6M DPH(1,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−ヘキサトリエン;和光純薬)で標識し、37℃で培養後、30分間遮光した。DPHでの標識後、PBSで当該細胞を洗浄し、PBSで2.5×106cells/mLとなるよう調製した。当該細胞に、最終濃度が、0、10、50μMとなるようにGUT−70を添加し、添加から10分間の蛍光偏光を分光蛍光光度計(F4500;日立)により測定した。結果を図2に示す。仮に、蛍光分子の回転が大きく、細胞膜の流動性が高い場合、蛍光偏光P値は低くなり、逆に、蛍光分子の回転が小さく、細胞膜の流動性が低い場合、蛍光偏光P値は高くなる。当該T細胞では、容量依存的にGUT−70の添加により、細胞膜の流動性が低下した。
GUT−70の細胞膜融合に対する抑制効果を検討した。テトラサイクリン存在下で培養しておいたT細胞株Jurkat−HXBc2及びJurkat−522F/YをPBS洗浄によりテトラサイクリンを除去し、3日間培養した。2×106個のJurkat−HXBc2及びJurkat−522F/Y細胞をPKH 26 Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit(SIGMA−ALDRICH,ST.Louis,MO)を用いて染色し、対照となるT細胞株(Molt−4)をPKH 67 Green Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit(SIGMA−ALDRICH,ST.Louis,MO) を用いて染色した(Cytometry, vol.47, p.100−106,2002)。
GUT−70のHIV−1感染に対する阻害効果を検討した。T細胞HUT78(5×106cells/mL)に、GUT−70を、0、10、30、50μM添加して、37℃で1時間培養した。当該細胞にHIV−1株NL4−3(HIV−1 gag タンパク質 p24濃度;200ng/mL)を感染させ、1時間後、PBSで洗浄し、さらに前記細胞を48時間培養した。当該細胞をFITC標識抗p24抗体(Beckman−Coulter社、以下同様)で定法通り染色し、LSR−II flow cytometer(BD Bioscience, San Jose, CA、以下同様)を用いて、GUT−70処理後の細胞内p24を検出した。結果を図5−1及び図5−2に示す。同様の手法で、TZM−bl細胞(3.5×106cells/mL)にHIV−1株NL4−3(HIV−1 gag タンパク質 p24濃度;50ng/mL)を感染させ、前記同様のGUT−70処理後の細胞内p24を検出した。結果を図5−3及び図5−4に示す。
6穴マイクロプレートに1×106個/ウエルにU1細胞を播種し、100ng/mLのPMA及び10ng/mLのTNF−αを添加して24時間培養し、HIV−1産生を誘導した(J.Immunol.,vol.140,p.1117−1122,1988、Biol.Pharm.Bull.,vol.31,p.2334−2337,2008)。本系に、最終濃度1、3、10μMになるようにGUT−70を添加した。結果を図6−1及び図6−2に示す。GUT−70の容量依存的にHIV−1の産生が抑制された。さらに、それを裏付けるために、前記細胞培養上清中のp24 Gagタンパク質量を、上述同様、HIV−1 p24 antigen ELISA kit(Tropical Technology Center, Okinawa, Japan)を使用して定量した。結果を図6−3に示す。
6穴マイクロプレートに1×106個/ウエルにU1細胞を播種し、TZM−bl細胞(HeLa細胞株にCD4とCCR5とを遺伝子導入し、更にHIV−1プロモーター下にルシフェラーゼ及びβ−ガラクトシダーゼ遺伝子を別々に遺伝子導入した細胞株)に、前処理として0.2時間後に10μMのGUT−70を添加した。spinoculation法(J.Virol.,vol.74, p.10074−10080,2000)により、2ng/mL又は10ng/mLのHIV−1株NL4−3を感染させ、24穴マイクロプレートに前記細胞を播種した。前記細胞がサブコンフルエントな状態で、0.5μgのNF−kappaB ルシフェラーゼ レポータープラスミド(Stratagene, La Jplla, CA, U.S.A.)及び0.05μgのRenilla ルシフェラーゼ構築物を、HilyMax(Dojindo)を用いて遺伝子導入し、24時間後にルシフェラーゼ活性を公知の手法により測定した(Biol.Pharm.Bull.,vol.31,p.2334−2337,2008)。GUT−70添加により、HIV−1感染は著しく抑制された。結果を図7−1に示す。さらに、GUT−70によるHIV−1の転写抑制効果を裏付けるために、Tat−Revに対するプライマー(配列番号1:atggcaggaa gaagcggag、配列番号2:attccttcgg gcctgtcg)を用いて、定量RT−PCRを行った(Nat Immunol. 2010;11(5):419-426)。TNF−α添加によりHIV−1産生が誘導されたHIV−1潜伏細胞株U1に、10μM GUT−70、10μM Bay 11−7085、又は、20nM Bortezomib(いずれもNF−κB阻害剤)を添加し、24時間培養後のTat−Rev mRNAを定量RT−PCRで測定した。GUT−70及びNF−κB阻害剤の添加により、Tat−Rev転写が阻害された。結果を図7−2に示す。加えて、HIV−1株NL4−3を感染させたMolt−4細胞に、GUT−70有/無で24時間培養後のTat−Rev mRNAを定量RT−PCRで測定した。GUT−70の添加により、Tat−Rev転写が阻害された。結果を図7−3に示す。
HIV−1のLTR領域には、2カ所のNF−kappaB結合領域が存在することが知られている。そこで、実施例3と同様の方法でHIV−1潜伏感染細胞株U1を調製した。前記細胞に、10μMのGUT−70を添加し、GUT−70添加(+)及び非添加(−)後の細胞から、それぞれ核抽出液を分離し、10%SDS−ポリアクリルアミドゲルに10μgの核タンパク質をロードして電気泳動で分離後、ゲルをPVDF膜に転写した。該膜を、抗p−65モノクローナル抗体(Santa Cruz,CA)、抗pp−65モノクローナル抗体(Santa Cruz,CA)、抗HSC70抗体(Santa Cruz,CA)で反応させ、0.5、2、4、6、12、24時間後のNF−kappaBの活性化を検出した(Biol.Pharm.Bull.,vol.31,p.2334−2337,2008)。GUT−70は、10ng/mLのTNF−α添加によるNF−kappaBの活性化(リン酸化)を抑制した。結果を図8に示す。
実施例5と同様の方法で、HIV−1潜伏感染細胞株U1を調製し、10ng/mLのTNF−α及び10μMのGUT−70を添加した。0.5、1時間、4時間後、GUT−70添加(+)及び非添加(−)後のU1細胞から、それぞれ核抽出液を分離し、NF−kappaBのDNA結合活性をゲルシフトアッセイにより検出した(Int.J.Cancer,vol.125,p.1464−1472,2009)。さらに、2、4時間後の前記細胞の転写活性を実施例4と同様に、ルシフェラーゼアッセイで測定した(Biol.Pharm.Bull.,vol.31,p.2334−2337,2008)。GUT−70は、NF−kappaBのDNA結合を阻害し、転写を抑制することが示唆された。結果を図9に示す。
Claims (11)
- 下記一般式(II)で表される化合物、又はその薬学的に許容される塩を有効成分として含有する抗ウイルス剤:
{式(II)中、
R1’は、水素、複素環基、置換基を有していてもよいアミノ基、複素環カルボニル基、シクロアルキルカルボニル基、シクロアルケニルカルボニル基又は一般式(1’):
[式(1’)中、
R16’、R17’及びR18’は同一又は異なって水素、アルキル基又は置換基を有していてもよいアリール基を意味する]
で表される構造を意味し;
R2’は、アルコキシ基を意味し;
R 4’は、OR4a’(式中、R4a’はアルキル基を意味する)を意味し、OR4a’はR3’とともに一般式(2’):
[式中、R19’及びR20’は、同一又は異なってアルキル基を意味し、破線は、ベンゼン環との縮合部分を示す]
で表される環を形成し;
式:
で表される基が、
式(a’):
(式中、R5a’及びR5b’は同一又は異なって、水素又は置換基を有していてもよいアルキル基を意味する)で表される基を意味するか、又は
式(b’):
(式中、R8’はアルキル基を意味する)で表される基を意味する}。 - 一般式(II)で表される化合物が、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、又は
6−シクロペンチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン
である、請求項1記載の抗ウイルス剤。 - 一般式(II)で表される化合物が、
5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、
6−シクロブチルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン、又は
6−シクロヘキシルカルボニル−2,2−ジメチル−5−メトキシ−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オン
である、請求項1記載の抗ウイルス剤。 - 一般式(II)で表される化合物が、下記構造式を有する、5−メトキシ−2,2−ジメチル−6−[(2E)−2−メチルブテ−2−ノイル]−10−プロピル−2H,8H−ピラノ[2,3−f]クロメン−8−オンである、請求項1記載の抗ウイルス剤。
- ウイルスがレトロウイルスである、請求項1記載の抗ウイルス剤。
- レトロウイルスがHIVである、請求項5記載の抗ウイルス剤。
- 少なくとも一種の他の抗HIV剤を含む請求項1記載の抗ウイルス剤。
- 他の抗HIV剤が、逆転写酵素阻害剤、プロテアーゼ阻害剤、インテグラーゼ阻害剤、DNAポリメラーゼ阻害剤及びDNA合成阻害剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である請求項7記載の抗ウイルス剤。
- HIV感染患者におけるHIV複製を阻害するための薬剤を製造するための、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項記載の化合物の使用。
- 患者ががん、他の感染症又は免疫疾患を患っている、請求項9記載の使用。
- がんが、急性骨髄性白血病、急性リンパ性白血病、カポジ肉腫、ホジキンリンパ腫、非ホジキンリンパ腫、平滑筋肉腫、絨毛癌、多発性骨髄腫、軟部腫瘍、小細胞肺癌、慢性骨髄性白血病、甲状腺癌、骨肉腫、頭頸部癌、食道癌、非小細胞肺癌、乳癌、大腸癌、胃癌、胆道癌、脳腫瘍、悪性黒色腫、腎臓癌、膵臓癌、肝臓癌、子宮頚癌、睾丸癌、皮膚癌又は肛門癌からなる群より選択される請求項10記載の使用。
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