WO2014103212A1 - 電動自転車 - Google Patents
電動自転車 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014103212A1 WO2014103212A1 PCT/JP2013/007272 JP2013007272W WO2014103212A1 WO 2014103212 A1 WO2014103212 A1 WO 2014103212A1 JP 2013007272 W JP2013007272 W JP 2013007272W WO 2014103212 A1 WO2014103212 A1 WO 2014103212A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- bearing
- cylinder
- crank
- torque sensor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/45—Control or actuating devices therefor
- B62M6/50—Control or actuating devices therefor characterised by detectors or sensors, or arrangement thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
- B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
- B62J45/41—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by the type of sensor
- B62J45/411—Torque sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62J—CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; AUXILIARY DEVICES OR ACCESSORIES SPECIALLY ADAPTED TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS OR CYCLE PROTECTORS
- B62J45/00—Electrical equipment arrangements specially adapted for use as accessories on cycles, not otherwise provided for
- B62J45/40—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof
- B62J45/42—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting
- B62J45/421—Sensor arrangements; Mounting thereof characterised by mounting at the pedal crank
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M3/00—Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot
- B62M3/003—Combination of crank axles and bearings housed in the bottom bracket
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M6/00—Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
- B62M6/40—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor
- B62M6/60—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts
- B62M6/65—Rider propelled cycles with auxiliary electric motor power-driven at axle parts with axle and driving shaft arranged coaxially
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric bicycle capable of traveling by adding an auxiliary driving force generated by an electric motor to a human driving force generated by a pedaling force from a pedal.
- the torque sensor is disposed near the crankshaft and the like, and the crankshaft (also referred to as a front sprocket or crank gear) is connected to the crankshaft.
- a method for detecting the force transmitted to the rear wheel via the chain by a torque sensor and a method for detecting the force transmitted to the rear wheel via a chain.
- the force is detected via the force transmission path of the chain or the like. As the direction and amount are changed or lost, it is not possible to directly measure the force to depress the pedal, and the correspondence with the pedaling force may be lowered.
- the force to depress the pedal can be measured relatively well because it does not pass through a transmission path such as a chain.
- a torque sensor when the force transmitted from the crankshaft to the crank gear is detected by a torque sensor, conventionally, for example, a lower pipe (also called a main pipe), a vertical pipe (also called a seat tube), and a chain Below the hanger (also referred to as a bottom bracket) that connects the stay, a motor unit that also incorporates an electric motor is disposed via a bracket, and the torque sensor is disposed at a front portion of the motor unit. It was. Specifically, the crankshaft is rotatably supported at the front portion of the motor unit disposed below the hanger, and the rotation of the crankshaft is transmitted to the crank gear on the outer periphery of the crankshaft coaxially with the crankshaft. A torque detection cylinder is disposed, and a torque sensor is attached to the torque detection cylinder (Patent Document 1, etc.).
- the structure is such that the crankshaft is rotatably supported at the place where the hanger is provided, so that the crank is supported by the motor unit or the like disposed below the hanger as described above.
- the frame structure is different from that of a general bicycle, resulting in a sense of incongruity and an increase in manufacturing cost.
- the hanger to which the lower pipe is connected must be placed on the upper side, so the lower pipe is also placed on the upper side. As a result, when riding or getting off the electric bicycle, it was difficult to remove the foot from above the lower pipe.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 and the like disclose that a crankshaft is rotatably supported at a place where a hanger is provided in the same manner as a general bicycle, and a torque sensor is installed inside the hanger. Disposed electric bicycles are disclosed. According to this configuration, the frame structure is similar to that of a general bicycle, and it is possible to suppress a sense of incongruity and to suppress an increase in manufacturing cost to some extent. Moreover, since the position of the hanger and the lower pipe is the same as that of a general bicycle, it is not difficult to remove the foot from above the lower pipe.
- the torque from the left pedal or the right pedal may be input unevenly, and it may be stepped on the left pedal or the right pedal. Since the end of the crankshaft receives a downward force depending on the body weight, there is a risk of being greatly affected by a force that bends the crankshaft downward in addition to the torque in the rotational direction with respect to the crankshaft. Therefore, in general, a crankshaft and a torque detection cylinder disposed on the outer periphery of the crankshaft are engaged via an engagement portion such as a serration portion, so that the configuration of the torque sensor is provided on the outer periphery of the torque detection cylinder. Parts are arranged. The crankshaft and the torque detection cylinder are engaged in the vicinity of a portion (a portion adjacent to the bearing) that is rotatably supported by a bearing on the crankshaft away from the crank gear.
- the components of the torque sensor are disposed not on the crankshaft but on the torque detection cylinder disposed on the outer periphery of the crankshaft, the components of the torque sensor are disposed on the outer periphery of the crankshaft. Compared with the case where it arrange
- crankshaft diameter cannot be made too large according to the hanger diameter, so it is more susceptible to bending moments. There is also a risk.
- bearings 74 and 75 that rotatably support an engagement portion (serration portion) 73 between the crankshaft 71 and the torque detection cylinder 72 and the crankshaft 71 are rotatable. It can be considered to be disposed at a position close to the intermediate portion between the two.
- the torque detecting cylinder 72 provided with the components (magnetostrictive portion) of the torque sensor 76 and the engaging portion 73 between the crankshaft 71 can be provided at positions away from the bearings 74 and 75.
- the influence of the bending moment acting on the crankshaft 71 can be minimized.
- the wiring portion 77 and the wiring joint portion 78 of the torque sensor 76 can be satisfactorily disposed using the space between the torque detection cylinder 72 and the bearing 75.
- the crankshaft 71 is disposed inside the hanger 70 together with the torque detection cylinder 72 and the torque sensor 76, and at one side of the crankshaft 71 (the end on the side supported by the bearing 75).
- the torque detection cylinder 72 is fitted to the outer periphery from the left side of the crankshaft 71 and further inserted into the bearing 75. Accordingly, the diameter of the crankshaft 71, in particular, the portion 71a inserted into the bearing 75 of the crankshaft 71 and the diameter of the portion 71b on the side where the torque detection cylinder 72 is inserted during assembly cannot be made too large.
- a portion 71b between the portion (supported portion) 71a supported by the bearing 75 in the crankshaft 71 and the engaging portion 73 where the serration portion is formed is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the small diameter portion of the serration portion. Since it has a round bar shape, the portion 71b may be damaged or deformed when a large downward force is applied from the crank arm 79.
- the present invention solves the above-described problems, and in a structure in which a crankshaft, a torque detection cylinder, and a torque sensor are arranged in a hanger, it can detect a human driving force as a rotational force based on a pedaling force from a pedal. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric bicycle that can prevent the crankshaft from being damaged or deformed.
- the present invention is an electric bicycle that can travel by adding an auxiliary driving force generated by an electric motor to a human driving force generated by a pedaling force from a pedal, and is coupled to a lower end portion of a standing pipe.
- a crankshaft and a torque detecting cylinder that is engaged with the crankshaft and transmits a manpower driving force and has a magnetostrictive portion of the torque sensor formed on the outer periphery are disposed inside the hanger.
- the engaging portion with the torque detection cylinder is disposed at an intermediate portion between the first bearing on the crank gear side and the second bearing on the non-crank gear side, which rotatably supports the crankshaft, respectively.
- a serration extension portion in which a cylindrical body is fitted on a portion between the portion supported by the bearing and the engagement portion, or the serration portion forming the engagement portion is extended along the axial direction. Shape Then, the cylindrical body or the serration extension is brought into contact with the second bearing, and the second bearing is moved toward the engagement portion along the axial direction by the cylindrical body or the serration extension. It is characterized by being restricted.
- the position of the second bearing is restricted by the cylindrical body and the serration extension, so that the second bearing does not move along the axial direction.
- the portion between the portion of the crankshaft supported by the second bearing and the engaging portion has a bending strength or the like because a cylindrical body is externally fitted or a serration extension portion is formed. Will increase.
- the crankshaft may be divided into a crankshaft main body having a torque sensor disposed on the outer peripheral side and a crank auxiliary shaft connected to one side of the crankshaft main body,
- the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank arm in the auxiliary shaft and the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank arm in the crankshaft body are formed larger than the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank auxiliary shaft in the crankshaft body. It is characterized by. According to this configuration, the diameter of the coupling portion between the crank auxiliary shaft and the crank arm of the crankshaft main body can be increased, and good rigidity can be maintained.
- a metal inner cylinder in which the first bearing and the second bearing are arranged on the inner sides of the left and right ends is disposed inside the hanger.
- the magnetostrictive portion of the torque sensor covers a torque detection cylinder formed on the outer periphery and a region between both bearings in the crankshaft.
- the middle cylinder can prevent the rainwater from flowing into the portion where the torque sensor is disposed.
- the metal inner cylinder can prevent external noise and the like from entering the signal line of the torque sensor. Further, since the crankshaft and the torque sensor can be unitized in a portion covered with the middle cylinder, assembly work on a hanger can be performed relatively easily and efficiently.
- an auxiliary cylinder is fitted into the inner circumference of one side of the hanger, the tip of the middle cylinder is fitted into the inner circumference of the auxiliary cylinder, and an annular elastic member is interposed between the auxiliary cylinder and the middle cylinder. Is provided.
- a tubular body is externally fitted or a serration extension is formed between the portion of the crankshaft supported by the second bearing and the engaging portion, and the tubular body or
- the second bearing is prevented from moving along the axial direction.
- the portion between the portion of the crankshaft supported by the second bearing and the engaging portion has an increased bending strength or the like because a cylindrical body is externally fitted or a serration extension is formed. To do.
- the portion of the crankshaft supported by the second bearing and the engaging portion may be damaged or deformed. Can be prevented and reliability is improved.
- crankshaft is divided into a crankshaft main body having a torque sensor disposed on the outer peripheral side and a crank auxiliary shaft connected to one side of the crankshaft main body, and the crank arm in the crank auxiliary shaft is configured.
- the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank arm in the crankshaft body and the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank auxiliary shaft in the crankshaft body are formed larger than the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank auxiliary shaft.
- the diameter of the connecting portion with the crank arm of the shaft body can be increased, and good rigidity can be maintained as the connecting portion, and as a result, the reliability of the electric bicycle can be improved.
- crankshaft body having the same diameter as the conventional crankshaft is used, and a torque sensor of the same size and type as the conventional torque shaft is used. Since it can be used, it is possible to use a compact crankshaft and torque sensor (and thus a hanger) (which suppresses enlarging), and it is possible to use a conventional torque sensor, so the manufacturing cost is low. It becomes possible to suppress to.
- a metal middle cylinder in which the first bearing and the second bearing are arranged inside the left and right ends is disposed inside the hanger.
- the middle cylinder provides a torque sensor and a magnetostrictive portion of the torque sensor. Even if rainwater flows into the hanger through the standing pipe by covering the torque detection cylinder formed on the outer periphery and the region between the two bearings in the crankshaft, the rainwater is introduced into the portion where the torque sensor is disposed by the middle cylinder. As a result, the reliability is improved.
- the metal inner cylinder can prevent external noise and the like from entering the signal line of the torque sensor, which also improves the reliability.
- the crankshaft and the torque sensor can be unitized into a portion covered with the middle cylinder, assembly work and the like can be performed relatively easily and efficiently.
- a perspective view showing a crankshaft and a cylindrical body of the electric bicycle The figure explaining the bending moment which acts on the crankshaft of the electric bicycle
- Enlarged view of the main part of the engaging part of the electric bicycle Longitudinal sectional view of hanger and vicinity of hanger of electric bicycle according to another embodiment of the present invention Longitudinal sectional view of the hanger and the vicinity of the hanger of the electric bicycle according to another embodiment of the present invention Longitudinal sectional view of a conventional electric bicycle hanger and the vicinity of the hanger
- the electric bicycle 1 includes a head pipe 2a, a front fork 2b, a lower pipe (also referred to as a lower pipe 2c) 2c, a standing pipe (also referred to as a seat tube) 2d, a chain stay 2e, a seat stay 2f, and a hanger (bottom bracket).
- a metal frame also referred to as a vehicle body frame 2 made of 2g, etc.
- a front wheel 3 rotatably attached to the lower end of the front fork 2b, and a rear end of the chain stay 2e.
- electric motor 10 for generating auxiliary driving force (assist force), and various electric controls including electric motor 10.
- a control unit (not shown), a battery 12 made of a secondary battery that supplies driving electric power to the electric motor 10, and a hand operation unit (see FIG.
- a crank gear (not shown) attached to a position on one side of the crank 7 so as to rotate integrally with the crank 7 (more precisely, the torque detection cylinder 24 and the torque transmission cylinder 27 described later).
- a rear sprocket (so-called rear wheel gear) 14 as a rear wheel attached to a hub (also referred to as a rear hub) of the rear wheel 4, a crank gear 13 and a rear sprocket. 14 is provided with a chain 15 as an endless driving force transmission member that is stretched over 14 and a chain cover 21 that covers the chain 15 and the like from the side.
- the electric motor 10 is disposed inside a hub (also referred to as a front hub) 16 of the front wheel 3, and a control unit (not shown) is disposed near the mounting portion of the battery 12.
- the control unit may be disposed in other places such as the hand operation unit.
- the battery 12 is an example of a capacitor, and a secondary battery is preferable.
- another example of the capacitor may be a capacitor.
- the electric motor 10 may be arranged inside the rear hub instead of being arranged inside the front hub 16.
- the hanger 2g includes a rear end portion of the lower pipe 2c, a lower end portion of the standing pipe 2d, and a bracket 19 for battery mounting connected to the front end portion of the chain stay 2e, Are arranged in a connected state.
- the crankshaft 17 is rotatably disposed inside the hanger 2g, and a torque sensor 23 for detecting a force corresponding to the pedaling force (manual driving force) is disposed. It is installed.
- a torque sensor 23 for detecting a force corresponding to the pedaling force (manual driving force) is disposed. It is installed.
- FIG. 3 only the portion of the crank gear 13 that supports the gear portion 13 a in the crank gear 13 that is also called a spider is shown as the crank gear 13.
- the crankshaft 17 includes a crankshaft body 17A in which a torque sensor 23 is disposed on the outer peripheral side, and a crank connected to one side (the left side in this embodiment) of the crankshaft body 17A.
- the crankshaft body 17 ⁇ / b> A and the crank auxiliary shaft 17 ⁇ / b> B are connected to each other by a connecting bolt 25.
- the crankshaft main body 17A is disposed on the right side and is connected to the right crank arm 18 (18A) and the like, and the crankshaft body 17A is disposed on the center and the left side and is narrower than the large diameter portion 17Aa. And a small diameter portion 17Ab.
- crank auxiliary shaft 17B is coupled to the left end portion of the small diameter portion 17Ab of the crankshaft body 17A, and the diameter D1 of the coupling portion 17Ba with the left crank arm 18 (18B) of the crank auxiliary shaft 17B is
- the shaft main body 17A is formed to be larger than the diameter D2 of the connecting portion (a part of the small diameter portion 17Ab) 17Ac with the crank auxiliary shaft 17B.
- the diameter D3 of the connecting portion 17Ad with the right crank arm 18 (18A) in the crankshaft body 17A is also the diameter of the connecting portion (part of the small diameter portion 17Ab) 17Ac with the crank auxiliary shaft 17B in the crankshaft body 17A. It is formed larger than D2.
- 4, 34 is a locking bolt for locking the crank arm to the crankshaft 17, and 2gc and 2gd are holes formed for discharging rainwater or the like entering from the standing pipe 2d to the outside (downward). Part.
- the torque detection cylinder (sensing pipe) 24 includes an engagement portion 24a formed of a tooth-shaped serration portion formed on an inner periphery of one end of the torque detection cylinder 24, and a first bearing 29A on the crank gear side of the crankshaft 17.
- the engaging portion 17Aba which is disposed near the intermediate portion between the second bearing 29B on the side opposite to the crank gear and is formed on the outer periphery of the small-diameter portion 17Ab of the crankshaft main body 17A, is formed of a tooth-like serration portion. Are engaged with each other so as to rotate integrally with the crankshaft 17. Further, as shown in FIG.
- a rotational force transmission cylinder 27 is rotatably fitted to the large diameter portion 17 ⁇ / b> Aa of the crankshaft 17.
- the rotational force transmission cylinder 27 is formed with a tooth-like engagement part (serration part) 27a on the inner periphery of the left end, and the tooth-like engagement part (serration part) 27a of the rotational force transmission cylinder 27 is a torque detection cylinder.
- the rotation of the torque detection cylinder 24 is transmitted to the rotational force transmission cylinder 27 and integrally rotates with the torque detection cylinder 24 by meshing with a tooth-like engagement portion (serration portion) 24 b formed on the outer periphery of the right end portion of 24. .
- a magnetostrictive portion 23 a is formed in a part of the outer peripheral portion of the torque detection cylinder 24, whose magnetic permeability is changed by application of the pedal force transmitted to the torque detection cylinder 24 via the crankshaft 17.
- a search coil 23b is provided for reading a change in magnetic permeability as a change in magnetic flux with a slight gap from the magnetostrictive portion 23a.
- the magnetostrictive portion 23a and the search coil 23b constitute a torque sensor 23 that detects a pedaling force based on the torsional force of the torque detecting cylinder 24.
- the search coil 23 b and the coil holder 23 c that holds the search coil 23 b are externally fitted to the torque detection cylinder 24 while being rotatable with respect to the torque detection cylinder 24.
- the crank gear 13 and the rear sprocket 14 are each constituted by a three-speed gear, and the crank gear 13 is assembled with a gear portion 13a having a large diameter, a medium diameter, and a small diameter.
- the gear position can be switched by changing the position of the chain 15 with the derailleur 22 (only the derailleur 22 on the rear wheel side is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the crank gear 13 is externally fitted so as to rotate integrally with the torque transmission cylinder 27.
- tooth-like engagement portions (serration portions) 13b and 27b are formed on the inner periphery of the crank gear 13 (the inner periphery of the spider) and the outer periphery on the right side of the rotational force transmission cylinder 27, respectively.
- the engagement portions (serration portions) 13 b and 27 b mesh with each other, whereby the rotation of the rotational force transmission cylinder 27 is transmitted to the crank gear 13 and the crank gear 13 rotates integrally with the rotational force transmission cylinder 27.
- a metal middle cylinder 28 is screwed inside the hanger 2, and the middle cylinder 28 holds left and right bearings 29 (29 ⁇ / b> A, 29 ⁇ / b> B) from the outer peripheral side.
- the first bearing 29A on the right side that is, the side where the crank gear 13 is disposed (crank gear side) is assembled between the inner peripheral surface of the right end portion of the middle cylinder 28 and the outer peripheral surface of the left end portion of the rotational force transmitting cylinder 27. Is fixed.
- the second bearing 29B on the left side that is, the side opposite to the side on which the crank gear 13 is provided (on the side opposite to the crank gear) has an inner peripheral portion that is narrower than the crankshaft body 17A.
- the inner periphery of the left end portion which is assembled in the vicinity of the connecting portion with the crank auxiliary shaft 17B in the diameter portion 17Ab, has a small diameter in the middle cylinder 28, and is assembled and fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the second bearing 29B.
- Each bearing 29 (29A, 29B) has a seal portion (not shown in FIG. 4) on the side surface, and water or the like passes through the space where the ball portion of the bearing 29 is disposed. So as not to enter the installation space.
- a male screw portion 28a is formed on the outer periphery on the right end side of the middle cylinder 28 following the flange portion 28b, and is screwed into a female screw portion 2ga formed on the inner periphery on the right end portion side of the hanger 2g.
- the left end side of the middle cylinder 28 is inserted and assembled to the inner periphery of the hanger 2g on the left end side via the auxiliary cylinder 30.
- a male screw portion 30b formed subsequent to the flange portion 30a of the auxiliary cylinder 30 is screwed and assembled to the female screw portion 2gb formed on the inner periphery of the left end portion side of the hanger 2g.
- the middle cylinder 28 When the middle cylinder 28 and the auxiliary cylinder 30 are assembled to the hanger 2g, the middle cylinder 28 covers the torque sensor 23, the torque detection cylinder 24, and the region between the two bearings 29 in the crankshaft main body 17A. ing.
- an annular groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the auxiliary cylinder 30, and an annular elastic member 42 that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 28 is disposed in the groove.
- a groove portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the middle cylinder 28 and the elastic member 42 is disposed, and the elastic member 42 is brought into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the auxiliary cylinder 30. May be.
- the left end portion of the middle cylinder 28 extends in the radial direction from a position in contact with the inner periphery of the auxiliary cylinder 30 to a position in contact with the outer periphery of the second bearing 29B.
- the wiring guide member 31 is disposed between the second bearing 29B and the inner surface of the outer peripheral portion of the left end of the middle cylinder 28 at the cutout portion.
- the wiring guide member 31 is made of a material having elasticity such as rubber, and the torque sensor connection wiring 32 connected to the torque sensor 23 is passed through the wiring guide member 31 to the side to pass through the hanger 2g. It is taken out to the outside.
- a wiring cap 33 having an annular shape when viewed from the side is provided at a position facing the left side surface portion of the middle cylinder 28.
- the wiring cap 33 covers a portion of the torque sensor connection wiring 32 that extends to the side from the hanger 2g. Further, a part of the outer peripheral portion of the wiring cap 33 is cut out, and the torque sensor connection wiring 32 is taken out from the cutout portion 33a of the wiring cap 33.
- a terminal holding member 38 that holds the torque sensor connection side terminal (torque sensor connection portion) of the torque sensor connection wiring 32 is connected to the coil holding body 23c of the torque sensor 23.
- the terminal holding member 38 has an annular shape having a protrusion 38a on a part of the circumferential direction (in the case shown in this embodiment, the upper part as shown in FIG. 6).
- the protrusion 38a is positioned in a recess 28e formed at the upper end of the middle cylinder 28, and is connected to the coil holder 23c.
- the search coil 23b and the coil holder 23c of the torque sensor 23 are attached in a state where the search coil 23b has a slight gap with respect to the magnetostrictive portion 23a formed on the outer periphery of the torque detection cylinder 24.
- the search coil 23b and the coil holding body 23c of the sensor 23 are about to rotate together with the torque detection cylinder 24, the protrusion 38a of the terminal holding member 38 comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the recess 28e of the middle cylinder 28, thereby generating torque.
- the position of the search coil 23b and the coil holder 23c of the sensor 23 is restricted with respect to the circumferential direction.
- crank gear 13 as the manpower driving force output wheel body having a plurality of gear portions 13 a for shifting is prevented from moving toward the inner side of the hanger 2 g with respect to the axial direction of the crankshaft 17. And is externally fitted to the rotational force transmission cylinder 27 in a state where the position is restricted.
- the crank gear 13 is assembled in a state in which the position is restricted by the mounting ring 35 screwed into the outer periphery of the left end portion of the crank gear 13 so as not to move outward in the axial direction of the crankshaft 17.
- crankshaft 17 and the torque sensor 23 are assembled into a unit by being incorporated in the middle cylinder 28, and the unitized crank unit is incorporated in the hanger 2g.
- a shaped body 40 is externally fitted.
- the cylindrical body 40 has one end (right end in FIG. 4) abutted on one end (left end in FIG. 4) of the torque detection cylinder 24 and the other end (right end in FIG. 4). Part) is in contact with one end face (the right end face in FIG. 4) of the second bearing 29B. Thereby, the cylindrical body 40 restricts the second bearing 29B from moving to the engaging portion 17Aba side (on the crank gear 13 side, right side in FIG. 4) along the axial direction.
- the second bearing 29B has one end face (right end face in FIG. 4) abutting against the end part (right end part in FIG. 4) of the crank auxiliary shaft 17B.
- the movement of 29B toward the counter crank gear 13 side (left side in FIG. 4) along the axial direction is restricted.
- the engagement portions (serration portions) 17Aba, 24a between the crankshaft 17 and the torque detection cylinder 24 are interposed between the bearings 29A, 29B that rotatably support the crankshaft 17. It is arrange
- the engaging portions 17Aba, 24a between the torque detection cylinder 24 and the crankshaft 17 in which the components (magnetostrictive portion 23a) of the torque sensor 23 are disposed are positioned away from the first bearing 29A and the second bearing 29B.
- the influence of the bending moment acting on the crankshaft 17 can be minimized. That is, as schematically shown in FIG.
- torque sensor connection wiring 32 and the torque sensor connection side terminal can be satisfactorily disposed using the space between the torque detection cylinder 24 and the second bearing 29B.
- the cylindrical body 40 is externally fitted between the part supported by the 2nd bearing 29B in the crankshaft 17, and the engaging part 17Aba of the torque detection cylinder 24.
- the second bearing 29B since the position of the second bearing 29B is regulated by the tubular body 40, the second bearing 29B does not move along the axial direction. As a result, even when a large downward force is applied to the end of the crankshaft 17 by the pedaling force, the portion of the crankshaft 17 that is received by the second bearing 29B can be prevented from being damaged or deformed. Reliability is improved.
- the tubular body 40 is externally fitted between the portion of the crankshaft 17 supported by the second bearing 29B and the engaging portion 17Aba, the bending strength and the like increase. As a result, even when a large downward force is applied to the end portion side of the crankshaft 17, the portion between the portion supported by the second bearing 29B on the crankshaft 17 and the engaging portion 17Aba is damaged or deformed. Reliability can be improved.
- the part supported by the 2nd bearing 29B in the crankshaft 17 and the location which has fitted the cylindrical body 40 can make a diameter the same dimension, and a level
- the engaging portions 17Aba, 24a are engaged with one or both of the engaging portions 17Aba, 24a with which the crankshaft 17 and the torque detecting cylinder 24 are engaged.
- a narrow portion 41a that is narrower than the width of the engaging portions 17Aba and 24a and an inclined surface portion 41b that is inclined and spreads on both sides from the narrow portion 41a are formed so as to be easily fitted to each other. Also good. According to this, engagement operation (insertion operation of the torque detection cylinder 24 to the crankshaft 17) between the crankshaft 17 and the torque detection cylinder 24 can be easily and efficiently performed.
- the crankshaft 17 is divided into the crankshaft body 17A in which the torque sensor 23 is disposed on the outer peripheral side and the crank auxiliary shaft 17B connected to one side of the crankshaft body 17A.
- the diameter D1 of the coupling portion with the crank arm 18B in the crank auxiliary shaft 17B and the diameter D3 of the coupling portion 17Ad with the right crank arm 18 (18A) in the crankshaft main body 17A are defined as the crank axis in the crankshaft main body 17A.
- the connecting portion 17Ad of the crankshaft main body 17A with the right crank arm 18 (18A) has a thickness close to the large diameter portion 17Aa of the crankshaft main body 17A, so that good rigidity can be maintained as the connecting portion.
- crankshaft 17 is divided into the crankshaft body 17A and the crank auxiliary shaft 17B, even if the torque sensor 23 is attached to the narrow diameter portion of the crankshaft body 17A, the crankshaft body 17A is thereafter attached.
- the crank auxiliary shaft 17B By connecting the crank auxiliary shaft 17B to the hanger 2g, the assembly operation of the crankshaft 17 and the torque sensor 23 in the hanger 2g can be performed without any trouble.
- the same diameter and the same type as the conventional torque sensor 23 can be used by making the narrow diameter portion 17Ab, which is the location where the torque sensor 23 is mounted, in the crankshaft body 17A. Can do.
- a hanger 2g pressing enlarging
- a metal middle cylinder 28 in which bearings 29 (29A, 29B) for rotatably supporting the crankshaft body 17A are arranged on the inner sides of the left and right ends is arranged. Even if rainwater flows into the hanger 2g through the vertical pipe 2d by covering the torque sensor 23, the torque detection cylinder 24, and the region between the two bearings 29 (29A, 29B) in the crankshaft main body 17A, Since the rainwater is prevented from flowing into the portion where the torque sensor 23 is disposed by the cylinder 28, the reliability is improved. Further, the metal inner cylinder 28 can prevent external noise and the like from entering the signal line (torque sensor connection wiring 32) of the torque sensor 23, which also improves the reliability. Further, since the portion where the crankshaft 17 and the torque sensor 23 are disposed can be unitized into a portion covered with the middle cylinder 28, the assembly work to the hanger 2g can be performed relatively easily and efficiently. it can.
- the auxiliary cylinder 30 is fitted on the inner circumference of one side (left side in FIG. 4) of the hanger 2g, and the tip of the middle cylinder 28 is fitted on the inner circumference of the auxiliary cylinder 30.
- An annular elastic member 42 is disposed between the inner cylinder and the middle cylinder.
- rainwater or the like flows into the hanger 2g through the standing pipe 2d, and further passes through the gap between the auxiliary cylinder 30 and the middle cylinder 28 from the end side of the middle cylinder 28 (for example, the arrangement of the second bearing 29B). Even when rainwater or the like is about to flow into the installation portion), such inflow of rainwater is blocked by the elastic member 42.
- the cylindrical body 40 is externally fitted at a position between the portion of the crankshaft 17 supported by the second bearing 29B and the engaging portion 17Aba has been described. is not.
- the serration portion that forms the engaging portion 17Aba of the crankshaft 17 is extended along the axial direction (to the left in FIG. 10).
- a serration extension 43 is formed.
- 44 in FIG. 10 is a washer fitted in the groove between the engaging portion 17Aba consisting of the serration portion and the serration extension portion 43, and restricts the torque detection cylinder 24 from moving in the axial direction. .
- the position of the second bearing 29B is restricted by the serration extension 43, and the second bearing 29B does not move along the axial direction.
- the portion of the crankshaft 17 that is received by the second bearing 29B can be prevented from being damaged or deformed. Reliability is improved.
- the serration extension part 43 is formed in the part between the part supported by the 2nd bearing 29B in the crankshaft 17, and the engaging part 17Aba, compared with the case where the serration extension part 43 is not formed. As a result, bending strength increases. As a result, even when a large downward force is applied to the end portion side of the crankshaft 17, the portion between the portion supported by the second bearing 29B on the crankshaft 17 and the engaging portion 17Aba is damaged or deformed. Reliability can be improved.
- the crankshaft 17 includes the crankshaft body 17A in which the torque sensor 23 is disposed on the outer peripheral side, and the crank auxiliary shaft 17B connected to one side of the crankshaft body 17A.
- the present invention is not limited to this. Even when the crankshaft 17 is only the crankshaft body 17A as shown in FIG. 17 (crankshaft 17) may be externally fitted to the cylindrical body 40, or the serration extension 43 may be formed, and the same effect on the cylindrical body 40 and the serration extension 43 can be obtained. Of course.
- a mechanism that does not transmit rotational force such as a one-way clutch, is not included in the path that transmits the manual driving force between the crankshaft 17 and the crank gear 13, so the pedal is operated in the reverse direction.
- a coaster brake that is operated by rotating it to the rear wheel hub is provided, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a general brake such as a drum brake that is operated by a brake lever provided on a handlebar. This is also applicable when the
- the chain 15 is used as the driving force transmission body that transmits the pedaling force from the pedal 8 to the rear wheel 4 .
- An attached belt may be used.
- a toothed belt a belt with a driving force transmission tooth
- a driving front gear is used in place of the crank gear 13 as a manpower driving force output wheel body that outputs a manpower driving force.
- a rear gear may be used in place of the rear sprocket 14 as a rear ring provided in the hub.
- the present invention can be applied to various electric bicycles that can travel by adding an auxiliary driving force generated by an electric motor to a human driving force generated by a pedaling force from a pedal.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1、図2において、1は電動自転車である。この電動自転車1は、ヘッドパイプ2a、前フォーク2b、下パイプ(下パイプ2cとも称される)2c、立パイプ(シートチューブとも称される)2d、チェーンステー2e、シートステー2f、ハンガ(ボトムブラケットとも称される)2gなどからなる金属製のフレーム(車体フレームとも称される)2と、前フォーク2bの下端に回転自在に取り付けられた前輪3と、チェーンステー2eの後端に回転自在に取り付けられた後輪4と、前輪3の向きを変更するハンドル5と、サドル6と、クランク軸17と一対のクランクアーム18とからなるクランク7と、クランクアーム18の端部に回転自在に取り付けられたペダル8と、補助駆動力(アシスト力)を発生させる電動モータ10と、電動モータ10を含めた各種の電気的制御を行う制御部(図示せず)と、電動モータ10に駆動用の電力を供給する二次電池からなるバッテリ12と、ハンドル5などに取り付けられて、乗車者などが操作可能な手元操作部(図示せず)と、クランク7(正確には、クランク7および、後述するトルク検知筒24や回転力伝達筒27)と一体的に回転するようにクランク7の片側の位置に取り付けられたクランクギヤ(前スプロケットやチェーンリングとも称される)13と、後輪4のハブ(後ハブとも称する)に取り付けられた後部輪体としての後スプロケット(いわゆる後輪ギヤ)14と、クランクギヤ13および後スプロケット14に掛け渡された無端状駆動力伝達体としてのチェーン15と、チェーン15などを側方から覆うチェーンカバー21などを備えている。なお、この実施の形態では、電動モータ10が前輪3のハブ(前ハブとも称する)16の内部に配設され、制御部(図示せず)がバッテリ12の装着部近傍箇所などに配設されているが、制御部は、手元操作部などの他の箇所に配設されていてもよい。また、バッテリ12は蓄電器の一例であり、二次電池が好適であるが、蓄電器の他の例としてはキャパシタなどであってもよい。また、電動モータ10は、前ハブ16の内部に配設される代わりに、後ハブの内部に配設されていてもよい。
右側、すなわちクランクギヤ13が配設されている側(クランクギヤ側)の第1軸受29Aは、中筒28の右端部内周面と回転力伝達筒27の左端部外周面との間に組み付けられて固定されている。また、左側、すなわちクランクギヤ13が配設されている側とは反対側に配設されている側(反クランクギヤ側)の第2軸受29Bはその内周部が、クランク軸本体17Aの細径部17Abにおけるクランク補助軸17Bとの連結部近傍箇所に組み付けられ、中筒28における細径となっている左端部内周が第2軸受29Bの外周部に組み付けられて固定されている。なお、何れの軸受29(29A、29B)も側面部にシール部(図4では省略している)を有しており、軸受29のボール部の配設空間などを通して、水などがトルクセンサ23の配設空間に侵入しないようになっている。
Claims (4)
- ペダルからの踏力による人力駆動力に、電動モータにより発生する補助駆動力を加えて走行可能である電動自転車であって、
立パイプの下端部に結合されたハンガの内部に、クランク軸と、このクランク軸に係合されて人力駆動力が伝達されるとともにトルクセンサの磁歪部が外周に形成されたトルク検知筒とが配設され、
クランク軸とトルク検知筒との係合部が、それぞれクランク軸を回転自在に支持するクランクギヤ側の第1軸受と反クランクギヤ側の第2軸受との間の中間部に配置され、
クランク軸における前記第2軸受により支持された部分と前記係合部との間の箇所に、筒状体が外嵌され、または前記係合部をなすセレーション部が軸心方向に沿って延長されたセレーション延長部が形成されて、前記第2軸受に前記筒状体または前記セレーション延長部が当接され、
前記筒状体または前記セレーション延長部により、前記第2軸受が軸心方向沿って前記係合部側に移動することが規制されている
ことを特徴とする電動自転車。 - 前記クランク軸が、トルクセンサが外周側に配設されているクランク軸本体と、このクランク軸本体の片側に連結されるクランク補助軸とに分割されて構成され、
前記クランク補助軸におけるクランクアームとの結合部の直径と、前記クランク軸本体におけるクランクアームとの結合部の直径とが、クランク軸本体におけるクランク補助軸との連結部の直径よりも大きく形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電動自転車。 - ハンガの内側に、前記第1軸受と前記第2軸受とがその左右両端部内側に配設された金属製の中筒が配設され、
前記中筒は、トルクセンサと、トルクセンサの磁歪部が外周に形成されたトルク検知筒と、クランク軸における両軸受間の領域とを覆っている
ことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電動自転車。 - ハンガの片側の内周に補助筒が嵌めこまれ、この補助筒の内周に中筒の先端部が嵌めこまれ、補助筒と中筒との間に環状の弾性部材が配設されている
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電動自転車。
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JP2014554105A JP5938646B2 (ja) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-11 | 電動自転車 |
CN201380061523.0A CN104837722B (zh) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-11 | 电动自行车 |
EP13867130.0A EP2939916B1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-11 | Electric bicycle |
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PCT/JP2013/007272 WO2014103212A1 (ja) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-11 | 電動自転車 |
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JP (1) | JP5938646B2 (ja) |
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WO2016045181A1 (zh) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | 苏州工业园区同盛车业有限公司 | 电动自行车中置电机及其力矩传感装置 |
JP2020199878A (ja) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-12-17 | 株式会社シマノ | 人力駆動車用のドライブシステム |
FR3128263A1 (fr) * | 2021-10-14 | 2023-04-21 | Mavic Group | Motoréducteur et cycle associé |
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JP7219013B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-06 | 2023-02-07 | 株式会社シマノ | 人力駆動車用コンポーネント |
CN109131710B (zh) * | 2018-09-08 | 2022-11-18 | 钟德斌 | 助力与健身一体自行车之中轴扭矩传感器和轮毂电机 |
CN109506815B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-12-01 | 重庆理工大学 | 一种悬挂式电动自行车力矩传感器 |
NO20191502A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-21 | Ca Tech Systems As | Pedally propelled vehicle drive system |
DE102021110725B4 (de) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-12-22 | Porsche Ebike Performance Gmbh | Antriebsvorrichtung für ein Elektrofahrrad und Elektrofahrrad |
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JPWO2014103212A1 (ja) | 2017-01-12 |
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EP2939916A4 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
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EP2939916B1 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
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