WO2014098302A1 - 고정형 전기로 및 용강 제조 방법 - Google Patents
고정형 전기로 및 용강 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014098302A1 WO2014098302A1 PCT/KR2012/011707 KR2012011707W WO2014098302A1 WO 2014098302 A1 WO2014098302 A1 WO 2014098302A1 KR 2012011707 W KR2012011707 W KR 2012011707W WO 2014098302 A1 WO2014098302 A1 WO 2014098302A1
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- furnace
- preheating
- molten steel
- scrap
- melting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5211—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace
- C21C5/5217—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an alternating current [AC] electric arc furnace equipped with burners or devices for injecting gas, i.e. oxygen, or pulverulent materials into the furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5252—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an electrically heated multi-chamber furnace, a combination of electric furnaces or an electric furnace arranged for associated working with a non electric furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
- C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
- F27B3/183—Charging of arc furnaces vertically through the roof, e.g. in three points
- F27B3/186—Charging in a vertical chamber adjacent to the melting chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/19—Arrangements of devices for discharging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B3/205—Burners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
- F27D13/002—Preheating scrap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
- F27D3/1509—Tapping equipment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
- C21C2005/5282—Charging of the electric furnace with organic contaminated scrap
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stationary electric furnace and a method for manufacturing molten steel, and in particular, is connected to a low-grade iron oxide preliminary reduction furnace, formed integrally with the vertical preheating furnace to enable molten steel tapping without tilting the melting furnace, continuous arcing and tapping Possible stationary furnaces and molten steel production methods.
- Furnace is a steelmaking process in which an iron source, such as scrap or DRI, is melted using electrical energy and then refined to a target component and temperature.In comparison with converter steelmaking, blast furnaces, raw material processing facilities, and sintering facilities are not required. It can be applied to stainless steel or special steel which can produce small quantity of various kinds as well as carbon steel. In addition, it is recognized as a future steel technology in that the carbon dioxide emission, which is a greenhouse gas in the steelmaking process, is very low at a quarter of that of the blast furnace, and at the same time, the amount of scrap generated in the world is increased and it is an eco-friendly facility that can dispose of waste such as scrap. .
- Scrap preheating technology is a technology such as Patent Document 1 was developed to lower the power unit unit input to the electric furnace by increasing the enthalpy of the scrap.
- the preheating furnace 2 and the melting furnace 1 are integrally formed, and the scrap 3 is preheated using the waste heat source generated in the melting furnace 1 ( 1).
- the molten steel 8 generated as the electrode 6 must be discharged through the tapping hole 14, the entire preheating furnace 2 must be tilted. Since the preheating furnace 2 and the melting furnace 1 must be tilted at once, there are structural problems for tilting and the size of the size of the preheating furnace 2 is limited.
- a method of reducing iron ore and using it as a raw material for steelmaking in an electric furnace includes a generalized method such as MIDREX and HYL.
- MIDREX and HYL a generalized method
- they take a long time to achieve the target reduction rate, there is a problem that can not be applied to a high productivity electric furnace that takes a short tap to tap time to increase productivity in conjunction with the electric furnace.
- a material containing halogen elemental components is mixed with scrap during the exhaust gas treatment process, so that dioxin, which is an environmental substance, is generated during the combustion process. need.
- Patent Document 1 JP1998-310813 A
- Patent Document 2 KR2006-7012733 A
- the present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fixed electric furnace and molten steel manufacturing method capable of continuous operation that can be melted without interruption of the power supply, and can go out in a fixed state.
- the present invention aims to reduce fuel costs by preliminarily reducing lower iron oxides and using them as alternative iron sources for scrap.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an electric furnace and molten steel manufacturing method that can remove dioxins generated while preheating scrap without a separate combustion tower.
- the present invention provides a fixed electric furnace and molten steel manufacturing method as follows to achieve the above object.
- the present invention is arranged on the side of the furnace to preheat the iron source through the exhaust gas of the furnace; Supply means for supplying the iron source preheated in the preheating furnace to the melting furnace; A melting furnace comprising an electrode for dissolving the preheated iron source; And fixed discharge means for discharging molten steel dissolved in the melting furnace, wherein the preheating furnace provides a fixed electric furnace integrally connected to the melting furnace.
- the preheating furnace is further connected, and further includes a reduction furnace for preliminarily reducing the iron oxide source to provide a melting furnace
- the carbon injector may be disposed on the wall surface of the melting furnace to directly reduce the pre-reduced reduced iron.
- the reduction furnace is connected to the exhaust gas supply pipe so that the supply of the exhaust gas passing through the preheating furnace, may include a burner for burning the unburned CO of the exhaust gas.
- the preheating furnace of the present invention is composed of a vertical preheating furnace, the upper portion of the preheating furnace side of the furnace is provided with an oxygen burner for heating the exhaust gas moved to the preheating furnace, the preheating furnace is discharged iron source temperature 600 ⁇ Can warm up to 800 degrees.
- the preheating furnace is a large preheating furnace having an internal volume of 80 to 150% of the amount of the electric furnace.
- an iron source supply port is formed above the preheating furnace, and a pusher may be disposed at the lower portion of the preheating furnace to supply the iron source preheated to the melting furnace in the preheating furnace.
- the iron source supply port of the present invention comprises a first gate for controlling the supply of the iron source; And a second gate disposed above the first gate, wherein a space is formed to temporarily store an iron source between the first gate and the second gate, and an exhaust gas outlet may be formed at a lower side of the first gate.
- the fixed discharge means may be a siphon tap (siphon) tap, the siphon tap opening is formed from the bottom of the melting furnace to the bent portion of the position higher than the bottom of the melting furnace; A bent portion connected to the molten steel introduction portion and the molten steel discharge portion; And a molten steel outlet extending downward from the bent portion and having a height of the outlet being lower than a bottom of the melting furnace, wherein the bent portion may be connected to a gas supply unit.
- siphon tap siphon
- a burner or an induction heating coil may be installed in at least one of the molten steel introduction part, the bent part, and the molten steel discharge part to prevent solidification of the molten steel passing therethrough.
- the present invention provides a method for manufacturing molten steel by mixing scrap iron oxide and scrap, wherein the scrap is loaded through a scrap charging opening of a preheating furnace, and a scrap charging step of charging the preheated scrap into a melting furnace; An iron oxide reduction step of creating a reducing atmosphere to directly and / or indirectly reduce the lower iron oxide and discharge the reduced iron oxide to the furnace; Dissolving power continuously during the steelmaking time through an electrode in scrap and reduced iron continuously charged in the preheater and the reduction furnace; It provides a molten steel manufacturing method through a fixed electric furnace comprising; step of continuously tapping the generated molten steel.
- the charging step of the scrap is temporarily stored between the first gate and the second gate, and after the preheating of the scrap in the flue gas sensible heat and CO secondary combustion heat generated in the electric furnace and then charged into the electric furnace, the iron oxide
- the reduction step there is provided a method for producing molten steel, wherein a carbonaceous material-containing briquette made by mixing carbon in dust or scale is loaded into an iron oxide inlet.
- the reducing atmosphere in the iron oxide reduction step may be formed by the exhaust gas sensible heat from the preheating furnace and the combustion heat of the burner.
- the carbon is injected by a carbon injector connected to the wall of the furnace directly reacting with the reduced iron; may further include, the scrap charging step is provided inside the preheating furnace The burner can preheat the scrap temperature to 600 to 800 degrees.
- the present invention through the above configuration, by using a low-cost iron source, such as lower iron oxide with a scrap, it is possible to reduce the cost, it is possible to remove the dioxin without using a separate combustion furnace using the exhaust gas during the reduction.
- a low-cost iron source such as lower iron oxide with a scrap
- the present invention by continuously supplying power without interruption, it is possible to generate a continuous molten steel, it is possible to tap in a flat bath state without tilting through the siphon tap hole.
- 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional electric furnace.
- FIG. 2 is another schematic diagram of a conventional electric furnace.
- FIG 3 is a schematic view of a stationary electric furnace of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view of the fixed electric furnace of the present invention.
- 5 to 7 is a flow chart sequentially showing the appearance that the scrap is supplied in the fixed electric furnace of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the siphon exit of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing arcing time and amount of power in a conventional electric furnace.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the arcing time, the amount of power in the electric furnace of the present invention.
- iron oxide supply port 164 exhaust gas exhaust port
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stationary electric furnace 100 of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a cutaway perspective view of the stationary electric furnace of the present invention.
- the fixed electric furnace 100 of the present invention is a melting furnace 110 for melting molten steel by dissolving scrap and reduced iron using the electrodes (111 ⁇ 113), this melting furnace 110 ) Is connected to one side of the preheating furnace 140 for preheating the scrap embedded in the interior utilizing the exhaust gas generated in the melting furnace 110 and the exhaust gas passing through the preheating furnace 140, such as dust or scale Reducing the lower iron oxide, and includes a reducing furnace 160 for providing a reduced iron oxide (reduced iron) to the melting furnace (110).
- Melting furnace 100 has a preheating furnace 140 is connected to one side, the other side is a fixed discharge means, for example, siphon taphole 180 is connected to the molten steel in a fixed state.
- the melting furnace 100 is formed with a reduced iron inlet 117 through which reduced iron is introduced, and a carbon injector 115 for injecting carbon into the reduced iron is disposed near the reduced iron inlet 117.
- the carbon injector 115 injects carbon into the reduced iron, and the carbon and the reduced iron react to be directly reduced.
- the melting furnace 100 melts an iron source (scrap, reduced iron oxide) inside the melting furnace through an arc of three electrodes 111, 112, and 113 in the center.
- the melting furnace 100 and the preheating furnace 140 are connected with the inclined surface 119, and along the inclined surface 119, the scrap of the preheating furnace 140 is introduced into the melting furnace 110.
- the burner 145 is disposed in the melting furnace 100 toward the scrap charging hole 118 to which the melting furnace 100 and the preheating furnace 140 are connected.
- the burner 145 Since the burner 145 is provided along the inlet of the preheating furnace 140 in the melting furnace 100, there is no scrap at the outlet of the burner 145, so that the formation of the flame is easy. In addition, at this time, the burner 145 only supplies oxygen, and since it is an exhaust gas in a high temperature state (1000 to 2300 ° C.), it reacts with unburned CO when only oxygen is supplied in this manner. In particular, since the fuel C x H y does not enter, water vapor is not generated due to the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and thus, a filter clogging phenomenon due to moisture during dust collection can be prevented.
- the preheating furnace 140 has an inclined surface 119 formed at a predetermined angle so that scrap can be supplied to the melting furnace 110 at a lower surface thereof, and has an iron source supply unit 144 thereon.
- the preheating furnace 140 is a vertical preheating furnace 140 having a preheating space 141 in the vertical direction. Since the preheating furnace 140 is not tilted in the present invention, the preheating furnace 140 is composed of a large preheating furnace 140 capable of retaining 80 to 150% of the scrap amount of the electric furnace.
- Scrap is filled in the internal space 141 of the preheating furnace 140, and the first gate 142 is disposed between the iron source supply unit 144 and the internal space 141 so that the exhaust gas does not leak while filling the internal space with scrap. ) And the second gate 143 are disposed.
- an exhaust gas outlet 150 is disposed below the first gate 142 so that the exhaust gas introduced along the inclined surface 119 of the lower surface may be discharged to the reduction furnace. Since the exhaust gas outlet 150 is disposed directly under the first gate 142 for supplying the iron source, the exhaust gas preheats all the scraps in the internal space 141 of the preheating furnace 140 and then the reduction furnace 160. Can be sent to).
- the preheating furnace 140 of the present invention preheats the scrap filled in the internal space 141 with the sensible heat of the exhaust gas flowing from the scrap charging hole 118 and the CO secondary combustion heat that is heated by the burner 145.
- the burner 145 is shown to be disposed toward the scrap charging hole 118 in the melting furnace 110, but may be disposed inside the preheating furnace 140 instead of the melting furnace 110.
- heating the inlet 118 flowing into the preheating furnace 140 is advantageous in that the overall preheating temperature can be increased.
- the lower inclined surface 119 of the preheating furnace 140 is provided with a supply means, for example a pusher 155, for pushing the scrap of the lower portion of the preheating furnace 140 into the melting furnace 110.
- the pusher 155 is connected to a driving means such as a cylinder, and is moved left and right along the inclined surface 119, and pushes the lower scrap into the melting furnace 110.
- the preheating furnace 140 is provided to the melting furnace 110 after heating the embedded scrap to 600 ⁇ 800 °C.
- the temperature of the scrap is not sufficient, and the effect of saving fuel is insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to heat the scrap to a temperature of at least 600 ° C. or more.
- the reduction furnace 160 has an iron oxide supply port 163 and an exhaust gas exhaust port 164, through which iron oxide is supplied, and a reduction iron discharge port 167 through which reduced iron is discharged, and a lower side of the preheating furnace is disposed at an upper side thereof.
- the exhaust gas inlet 161 through which the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas outlet 150 of the 140 flows into the reduction furnace 160 is disposed.
- the burner 165 is disposed on the inner side of the reduction furnace 160.
- the reduction furnace 160 passes through the preheating furnace 140, the exhaust gas having a large amount of heat and unburned CO included in the exhaust gas are heated through the burner 165.
- the reduction furnace 160 is heated to a temperature of 900 ° C or more, whereby harmful substances such as dioxins may be extinguished.
- the reduction furnace 160 is preferably heated to a temperature of 800 ⁇ 1300 °C.
- the iron oxide supply port 163 supplies carbonaceous material briquettes made by mixing carbon with lower iron oxides such as dust and scale, and doubles the carbonaceous material embedded briquettes to form a reducing atmosphere through sensible heat and burner combustion heat. Indirect reduction.
- Figures 5 to 7 in the preheating furnace 140 of the present invention is shown in order to supply the iron source, that is, scrap.
- the bucket 156 containing the scrap S is moved to the iron source supply unit 144, and then the scrap S of the bucket 156 is opened.
- the temporary space 146 between the first gate 142 and the second gate 143 is supplied.
- the second gate 143 is closed, and after the second gate 143 is closed, the first gate 142 is opened to store the scrap S stored in the temporary space 146 as the internal space 141. Can be supplied.
- the first gate 142 serves as a pedestal for temporarily storing the scrap S charged from the upper portion of the preheating furnace, and the hot exhaust gas coming from the lowering of the preheating furnace 140 exits the exhaust gas outlet 150.
- the second gate 143 is to prevent the dust and waste heat from rising as the first gate 142 is opened to prevent the scraps stored in the temporary space 146 to escape to the outside. .
- the first and second gates 142 and 143 may be provided, so that the exhaust gas of the preheating furnace 140 may exit to the exhaust gas outlet 150 without flowing out.
- Figure 8 shows the state of the siphon tap hole 180 of the present invention.
- the siphon exit 180 of the present invention is formed on the side of the melting furnace 110, the inlet inlet 181 is disposed toward the bottom of the furnace, the outlet outlet 183 is the outlet inlet Derivative portion including a lead pipe 182 positioned at a position higher than the portion 181, and tapping inlet portion 184 attached to the side of the melting furnace 110 to be connected to the lead portion connected to the lead pipe 182 And a tapping pipe including a tapping outlet part 186 disposed at a lower position than the tapping inlet part 184 and the outlet inlet part 181.
- the tapping pipe 185 and the lead-out pipe 182 is bent and connected, the gas supply unit for stopping the tapping by injecting an inert gas to the upper surface of the connection portion is connected to the tapping pipe 185 and the lead-out pipe 182 188 is connected.
- a sand supply unit 189 into which sand is injected is connected to an upper surface of the connection unit, and the sand supply unit 189 is disposed adjacent to the gas supply unit 188.
- the sand supply pipe 189 is disposed on the upper surface of the tapping pipe 185 formed vertically.
- tapping outlet 186 is provided with an opener 187 to store molten metal until tapping.
- At least one of the tapping pipe 185 and the drawing pipe 182 is mounted with an induction heating coil 190 to prevent solidification of the molten steel 121 passing therethrough.
- the heating coil 190 is illustrated only in the induction pipe 182, but may be installed only in the tapping pipe 185 or in the tapping pipe 185 and the drawing pipe 182.
- the distance Ha between the tapping inlet 184 and the tapping outlet 186 is preferably between 1000 and 2500 mm, and the lead pipe 182 and The diameter of the tapping tube 185 is preferably between 100 and 300 mm. If the diameters of the lead pipes and tapping pipes 182 and 185 are less than 100 mm, cooling of the molten steel proceeds rapidly to solidify in the tap hole. .
- the interface of the slag 121 inside the melting furnace 110 is always located at a higher position than the inlet 181 and the molten steel 121 interface.
- the height (Hc) between the inlet portion 181 it is preferable to tap the molten steel in the state more than 1.5 times the diameter of the tapping pipe 185 and the drawing pipe 182. At this time, the height between the lead-out inlet 181 and the molten steel 121 interface is measured from the top of the lead-out inlet 181.
- the siphon tap hole 180 has at least 200 mm of sand through the sand inlet 189 in a state in which a scraper is charged in the melting furnace 110 while the opener 187 of the siphon tap hole 180 is closed. After filling, the gas supply unit 188 and the sand inlet 189 are closed. Thereafter, melting and refining operations are performed in the melting furnace 110. When opening and closing the opener 187 to discharge the sand filled in the tapping pipe 185 to the outside, the molten steel flows to the tapping pipe 185.
- the opener 187 is closed while gas is supplied from the gas supply pipe, the sand is filled in the tap through the sand supplying unit 189, and the tapping tap 185 filled with sand is pressurized.
- the opener 187 is opened to discharge the sand filled in the tapping pipe 185 to the outside, so that the molten steel flows into the tapping pipe 185.
- the scrap S is charged into the preheating furnace 140 in the order of FIGS. 5 to 7. That is, the scrap S is introduced into the bucket 156 by opening the second gate 143 and stored in the temporary space 146, and then preheating the first gate 142 by opening the second gate 143.
- the scrap S is supplied to the inner space 141 of the furnace 140.
- the scrap S accumulated in the internal space 141 of the preheating furnace 140 is supplied to the dissolution unit 110 through the scrap charging hole 118 (scrap charging step). At this time, through the pusher 155, the scrap of the lower end of the preheating furnace 140 is pushed into the dissolution unit (110).
- the reduced iron pre-reduced in the reduction furnace 160 is supplied to the melting furnace 110 through the reduced iron supply unit 117.
- Reduction furnace 160 before the supply of the reduced iron to the melting furnace 110 in the form of a reducing atmosphere through the heat of exhaust of the exhaust gas passing through the preheating furnace 140 and the combustion heat of the burner 165 to the dust or scale
- a carbonaceous material-containing briquette made by mixing carbon is loaded and reduced directly or indirectly (iron oxide reduction step).
- the melting furnace 110 dissolves the iron source, scrap and reduced iron supplied from the preheating furnace 140 and the reducing furnace 160 through the electrodes (111 ⁇ 113).
- the present invention when supplying the reduced iron from the reduction furnace 160 to the melting furnace 110, by injecting carbon into the carbon injector 115 inside the melting furnace 110, it can be directly reduced (direct reduction step).
- the electrodes 111 to 113 are continuously arced to generate molten steel, and the molten steel 121 generated as the electrodes 111 to 113 is located at one side of the melting furnace 110. Discharged through 180. That is, the siphon tap hole 180 in the present invention is to discharge the molten steel in the middle of the arc is formed.
- the fixed furnace 100 has a tap to tap time of 25 to 35 minutes, and the preheating furnace 140 corresponds to the electric furnace leaving amount within this time.
- the amount of scrap S is loaded and the preheated scrap S is charged to the melting furnace 110 to balance energy.
- the bucket 156 transports the scrap to the preheating furnace 140, the upper iron source supply unit 144.
- the amount of transportation per one time is 8 to 12% of the amount of tapping per hour and the period is 2.5 to 3.5 minutes. Per capita traffic and cycles are adjusted according to the amount of tapping.
- the scrap loaded into the preheating furnace 140 is preheated by the combustion heat of the burner 145 for secondary combustion of CO in the exhaust gas sensible heat generated in the melting furnace 110 attached to the lower side of the preheating furnace.
- the preheating furnace is preheated toward the lower portion, and reaches 600 to 800 ° C. just before being charged into the electric furnace.
- the amount charged into the melting furnace 110 may be 2 to 3% of the amount of tapping per hour and the charging cycle may be 0.5 to 1.5 minutes.
- the scraps are charged during the tap-to-tap time.
- the last predetermined time does not charge the scraps.
- the preheating furnace 140 can be enlarged in the range of 80 to 150% of the tapping amount, and since it is manufactured as a single body, the outside air There is no fear of inflow or outflow of air inside.
- the present invention uses iron oxide as the iron source together with the scrap, the cost of the iron source can also be lowered, and in the reduction furnace 160 instead of the combustion furnace provided for removal of toxic substances after preheating with the exhaust gas.
- the burner 165 may remove toxic substances.
- the reduction furnace 160 forms a reducing atmosphere by the heat of combustion of the burner 165 and the heat of exhaust gas, thereby increasing energy efficiency.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
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- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- 용해로의 측면에 배치되어 용해로의 배가스를 통하여 철원(스크랩)을 예열하는 예열로;상기 예열로에서 예열된 철원을 용해로로 공급하는 공급수단;예열된 철원을 용해시키는 전극을 포함하는 용해로; 및상기 용해로에서 용해된 용강을 배출시키는 고정형 배출수단을 포함하며,상기 예열로는 상기 용해로에 일체로 연결된 고정형 전기로.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 예열로에 연결되며, 산화 철원을 예비환원시켜 용해로로 제공하는 환원로를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 용해로의 벽면에는 예비환원된 환원철을 직접 환원하도록 카본 인젝터가 배치되며,상기 환원로는 상기 예열로를 통과한 배가스가 공급가 공급되도록 배가스 공급관으로 연결되며, 상기 배가스의 미연소된 CO를 연소시키는 버너를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 3 항에 있어서,상기 예열로는 수직형 예열로로 구성되며,상기 용해로의 예열로 측 상부에는 예열로로 이동되는 배가스의 가열을 위한 산소 버너가 구비되며,상기 예열로는 배출되는 철원 온도를 600~ 800도로 예열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 예열로는 전기로 출강량의 80 ~150% 의 내부 체적을 가지는 대형 예열로인 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 예열로의 상측에 철원 공급구가 형성되며,상기 예열로에서 용해로로 예열된 철원을 공급하도록 상기 예열로의 하부에는 푸셔가 배치된 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 6 항에 있어서,상기 철원 공급구는 철원의 공급을 조절하는 제 1 게이트; 상기 제 1 게이트 상측에 배치된 제 2 게이트를 포함하며, 상기 제 1 게이트와 상기 제 2 게이트 사이에 철원을 임시보관할 수 있도록 공간부가 형성되며, 상기 제 1 게이트 하부 측면에 배가스 배출구가 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 3 항에 있어서,상기 고정형 배출수단은 사이폰(siphon) 출강구인 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 8 항에 있어서,상기 사이폰 출강구는상기 용해로의 저면으로부터 상기 용해로 저면보다 높은 위치의 절곡부로 연장 형성된 용강 도입부;상기 용강 도입부와 용강 배출부가 연결된 절곡부; 및상기 절곡부로부터 하방으로 연장되며, 배출구의 높이가 용해로 저면보다 낮은 용강 배출부;를 포함하며,상기 절곡부에는 가스 공급부가 연결된 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 용강 도입부, 절곡부 및 용강 배출부 중 적어도 하나에는 통과하는 용강의 응고를 방지하기 위한 버너 혹은 유도 가열 코일이 설치된 것을 특징으로 하는 고정형 전기로.
- 저급산화철과 스크랩을 혼입하여 용강을 제조하는 방법에 있어서,상기 스크랩이 예열로의 스크랩 장입구를 통해 적입되고, 예열된 스크랩을 용해로로 장입하는 스크랩 장입 단계;환원 분위기를 만들어 저급 산화철을 직접 및/또는 간접 환원반응시키며, 환원된 환원철을 용해로로 배출하는 산화철 환원 단계;상기 예열로와 환원로에서 장입된 스크랩과 환원철에 전극을 통해 전력을 제강시간 동안 연속 용해하는 단계;생성된 용강을 출강하는 단계;를 포함하는 고정형 전기로를 통한 용강 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 스크랩 장입 단계는 적입된 스크랩을 제 1 게이트와 제 2 게이트 사이에서 임시 저장한 후에, 스크랩을 전기로에서 발생하는 배가스 현열과 CO 2차 연소열로 예열한 후 전기로로 장입하며,상기 산화철 환원 단계에서는 더스트나 스케일에 카본을 혼합하여 만든 탄재 내장 브리킷을 산화철 공급구에 적입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용강 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 산화철 환원단계에서 상기 환원 분위기는 상기 예열로에서 나온 배가스 현열과 버너의 연소열로 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용강 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 환원철에 전기로 내에 장입되었을 때 전기로 벽체에 연결된 카본 인젝터에 의해 카본이 분사되어 환원철과 반응하는 직접 환원 단계;를 더 포함하는 용강 제조 방법.
- 제 11 항에 있어서,상기 스크랩 장입 단계는 예열로 내부에 구비된 버너를 통하여 스크랩 온도를 600~ 800도로 예열하는 것을 특징으로 하는 용강 제조 방법.
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US14/651,398 US9932649B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-28 | Fixed-type electric furnace and molten steel production method |
JP2015549236A JP6018321B2 (ja) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-28 | 固定型電気炉及び溶鋼の製造方法 |
EP12890280.6A EP2937429A4 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-28 | FIXED-TYPE ELECTRIC FURNACE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING LIQUID STEEL |
CN201280077881.6A CN104870662B (zh) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-28 | 固定式电炉和钢水的生产方法 |
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KR20120151535A KR101406503B1 (ko) | 2012-12-21 | 2012-12-21 | 고정형 전기로 및 용강 제조 방법 |
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KR101663189B1 (ko) | 2015-02-12 | 2016-10-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | 용융물 제조 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP6427829B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-11-28 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 冷鉄源の溶解・精錬炉、及び溶解・精錬炉の操業方法 |
US11680749B2 (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2023-06-20 | Cisdi Engineering Co., Ltd. | Feeder device utilized in electric arc furnace, and flue gas and temperature control method |
CN117367098A (zh) * | 2017-02-10 | 2024-01-09 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | 用于金属制造过程的炉组件 |
CN107120978B (zh) * | 2017-06-21 | 2023-04-07 | 重庆科技学院 | 一种金属冶炼倾泻防护系统 |
CN110117691B (zh) * | 2019-05-07 | 2024-08-02 | 中冶华天南京工程技术有限公司 | 双室多功能一体式精炼电炉系统及炼钢方法 |
US20240035102A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-02-01 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method for producing molten iron using electric furnace |
WO2021090654A1 (ja) | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-14 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 電気炉による溶鉄の製造方法 |
IT202000005281A1 (it) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-09-11 | Qd S R L | Apparecchiatura di alimentazione per alimentare balle di rottame di zinco ad una vasca di fusione |
NL2026572B1 (en) | 2020-09-29 | 2022-05-30 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process and system for melting agglomerates |
DE102021112781A1 (de) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-11-24 | Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Stahl in einem integrierten Hüttenwerk |
NL2029142B1 (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | Petrus Greyling Frederik | Process for smelting a metalliferous feedstock |
KR20240014775A (ko) | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-02 | 주식회사 포스코 | 전기로 설비 및 전기로 조업방법 |
KR20240014774A (ko) | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-02 | 주식회사 포스코 | 전기로 설비 및 전기로 조업 방법 |
KR20240028628A (ko) | 2022-08-25 | 2024-03-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | 전기로 설비 및 전기로 조업 방법 |
KR20240086330A (ko) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-18 | 주식회사 포스코 | 전기로 설비 및 용융 금속의 제조 방법 |
KR20240134545A (ko) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-09-10 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 전기로 조업 방법 |
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US20150344983A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
US9932649B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
JP2016509624A (ja) | 2016-03-31 |
CN104870662A (zh) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2937429A1 (en) | 2015-10-28 |
EP2937429A4 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
CN104870662B (zh) | 2019-05-03 |
JP6018321B2 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
KR101406503B1 (ko) | 2014-06-13 |
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