WO2014097919A1 - ポリエーテルイミド多孔質体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ポリエーテルイミド多孔質体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014097919A1 WO2014097919A1 PCT/JP2013/082981 JP2013082981W WO2014097919A1 WO 2014097919 A1 WO2014097919 A1 WO 2014097919A1 JP 2013082981 W JP2013082981 W JP 2013082981W WO 2014097919 A1 WO2014097919 A1 WO 2014097919A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/28—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/26—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1046—Polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1067—Wholly aromatic polyimides, i.e. having both tetracarboxylic and diamino moieties aromatically bound
- C08G73/1071—Wholly aromatic polyimides containing oxygen in the form of ether bonds in the main chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/04—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by the elimination of a liquid or solid component, e.g. precipitation, leaching out, evaporation
- C08J2201/046—Elimination of a polymeric phase
- C08J2201/0464—Elimination of a polymeric phase using water or inorganic fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/02—Foams characterised by their properties the finished foam itself being a gel or a gel being temporarily formed when processing the foamable composition
- C08J2205/026—Aerogel, i.e. a supercritically dried gel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/044—Micropores, i.e. average diameter being between 0,1 micrometer and 0,1 millimeter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
- C08J2207/06—Electrical wire insulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polyetherimide porous body having fine bubbles, a low relative dielectric constant and excellent heat resistance, and a method for producing the same.
- the polyetherimide porous body of the present invention is useful as, for example, an insulating sheet incorporated in an automobile or industrial motor with inverter control.
- plastic films have high insulation properties, they are used for components or members that require reliability, for example, electrical devices such as circuit boards or motors, or electronic components.
- motors and industrial motors are widely used that have a structure in which inverter control can be performed at a high voltage as electronic and electric devices become smaller and have higher performance.
- the insulator is required to have high reliability.
- Measures against surge voltage include lowering the dielectric constant of the insulator in addition to improving the reliability of insulation.
- Conventional methods for producing a general porous body include a dry method and a wet method, and the dry method includes a physical method and a chemical method.
- a general physical method is to form bubbles by dispersing a low boiling point liquid (foaming agent) such as chlorofluorocarbons and hydrocarbons in a polymer and then volatilizing the foaming agent by heating.
- a porous material is obtained by forming a cell with a gas generated by adding a foaming agent to a polymer and thermally decomposing the foaming agent.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for producing a foam having a low density and a high mechanical strength by applying the foaming method to polyetherimide.
- Patent Document 2 the foaming method is applied to a styrene resin having a syndiotactic structure to obtain a foam having a cell size of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m, and this is used as an insulator for an electric circuit board. It has been proposed.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a low dielectric constant plastic insulating film including a porous plastic having a porosity of 10 vol% or more, a heat resistant temperature of 100 ° C. or more, and a dielectric constant of 2.5 or less. Has been.
- a component constituting the discontinuous phase is selected from evaporation and decomposition from a polymer solution having a microphase separation structure in which a discontinuous phase having an average diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m is dispersed in a continuous phase of a polymer.
- a method for producing a porous body which is removed by at least one kind of operation and an extraction operation to make it porous.
- the bubbles in the porous body may not be sufficiently small depending on the drying conditions or the manufacturing conditions such as the film thickness, and it is difficult to obtain a porous body having a high dielectric breakdown voltage. was there.
- JP-A-6-322168 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-45936 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-130033 JP 2001-81225 A
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a polyetherimide porous body having a fine bubble structure, a low relative dielectric constant and a high dielectric breakdown voltage, and a method for producing the same. It is in.
- the present invention relates to a polyetherimide porous body (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “porous body”) including a crosslinked body obtained by ring-opening crosslinking a polyetherimide having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula 1 with a polyamine compound.
- a polyetherimide porous body (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “porous body”) including a crosslinked body obtained by ring-opening crosslinking a polyetherimide having a repeating structural unit represented by the following formula 1 with a polyamine compound.
- ⁇ Formula 1> In formula 1, X contains at least one chemical structure shown in the following formula 2, and Y contains at least one chemical structure shown in the following formula 3. However, the benzene ring of the chemical structure shown in the formulas 2 and 3 is used. May have a substituent.)
- ⁇ Formula 2> ⁇ Formula 3>
- the inventors of the present invention can form a porous body by forming a porous body with a crosslinked body obtained by ring-opening cross-linking of the above polyetherimide with a polyamine compound, whereby the porous body can be made into fine bubbles, thereby having a low relative dielectric constant and a dielectric breakdown voltage. It has been found that a porous body having a high thickness can be obtained.
- the polyamine compound is preferably a diamine compound, and in particular, the diamine compound is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic diamines, alicyclic diamines, and siloxane diamines. Since these diamine compounds have high basicity and high reactivity with imide groups, they are preferably used as crosslinking agents. Moreover, when these diamine compounds are used, the formation of fine bubbles in the porous body is improved.
- the porous body preferably has an average cell diameter of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m and a dielectric breakdown voltage of 30 kV / mm or more.
- the average cell diameter is less than 0.1 ⁇ m, the rigidity of the porous body is increased, so that it becomes difficult to bend the porous body, and even if it is bent, it is easy to return to the original shape when the external force is removed. Therefore, it becomes difficult to attach a porous body (insulating sheet) to a motor or the like, and the attachment accuracy tends to be lowered.
- the average bubble diameter exceeds 10 ⁇ m, it is difficult to lower the relative dielectric constant, or the mechanical strength tends to be lowered.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage is 30 kV / mm or more, dielectric breakdown due to surge voltage can be effectively prevented when the porous body is used as an insulating sheet for a motor or the like.
- the porous body preferably has a gel fraction of 10% or more.
- the gel fraction is less than 10%, the cracking resistance of the porous body is lowered, and when the porous body is bent, cracking is likely to occur, so that the dielectric breakdown voltage tends to be lowered.
- the porous body of the present invention is suitably used as an insulating sheet for a motor.
- the present invention also relates to an insulating laminated sheet for a motor having a sheet material on at least one side of the polyetherimide porous body.
- the present invention applies a polymer solution containing a polyetherimide having a repeating structural unit represented by the above formula 1, a phase separation agent for phase separation from the polyetherimide, and a polyamine compound on a substrate, and then dried.
- a method for producing a polyetherimide porous body comprising: a step of producing a phase separation structure having a microphase separation structure; and a step of removing a phase separation agent from the phase separation structure to produce a porous body.
- the porous body of the present invention is formed of a crosslinked product obtained by ring-opening crosslinking of polyetherimide with a polyamine compound, and has a fine cell structure, so that the dielectric breakdown voltage is high, and heat resistance and insulation are excellent. Further, there is a feature that the relative dielectric constant is low. Therefore, the porous body of the present invention is suitably used as an insulating sheet incorporated in an automobile or industrial motor with inverter control.
- a polyetherimide having a repeating structural unit mainly represented by the following formula 1 is opened with a polyamine compound. A crosslinked product is used. Since the polyetherimide contains a plurality of aromatic rings in the molecule, the strength of the porous body can be remarkably improved. Only 1 type may be used for the polyetherimide of following formula 1, and it may use 2 or more types together.
- ⁇ Formula 1> In formula 1, X contains at least one chemical structure shown in the following formula 2, and Y contains at least one chemical structure shown in the following formula 3. However, the benzene ring of the chemical structure shown in the formulas 2 and 3 is used. May have a substituent.) ⁇ Formula 2> ⁇ Formula 3>
- substituent on the benzene ring examples include a halogen group, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (which may contain a hetero atom and / or a halogen atom), and the like.
- polyetherimide having the functional groups X and Y improves the dimensional stability of the porous body at high temperatures.
- the number average molecular weight of the polyetherimide of the above formula 1 is not particularly limited, but is usually about 5000 to 50000.
- polyetherimides can be synthesized by a known method.
- examples of commercially available products of these polyetherimides include trade names “Ultem1000-1000” and “UltemXH-6050” manufactured by SABIC “Innovative” Plastics.
- polyamide polycarbonate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyamideimide, polyimide, etc. You may use together as a raw material.
- the polyamine compound can be used without any particular limitation as long as the imide group of the polyetherimide is opened to form an intermolecular crosslink of the polymer.
- examples of such polyamine compounds include iminobispropylamine, bis (hexamethylene) triamine, 1,3,6-trisaminomethylhexane, polymethylenediamine, trimethylhexamethylenediamine, polyether diamine, 1,3- Aliphatic polyamines such as bis (3-aminopropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane; isophoronediamine, menthanediamine, N-aminoethylpiperazine, 3,9-bis (3-aminopropyl) 2,4,8,10-tetraoxa And alicyclic polyamines such as spiro (5,5) undecane adduct, bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane, and bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane; amino-modified
- a diamine compound is preferably used as the polyamine compound, more preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic diamines, alicyclic diamines, and siloxane diamines, and particularly aliphatic diamines having a high basicity. It is preferable to use it. These may contain an aromatic ring or a hetero atom in the molecule.
- aliphatic diamine examples include a compound represented by the following formula 4.
- n is usually an integer of 1 to 50. When n is too small, the reactivity is low, and when it is too large, the amount of addition increases. Therefore, n is preferably an integer of 4 to 30, more preferably an integer of 6 to 20.
- n is usually an integer of 1 to 50.
- n is preferably an integer of 4 to 30, more preferably an integer of 6 to 20.
- the amount of the polyamine compound added is preferably such that the amino group is 0.001 to 2 molar equivalents, more preferably 0.005 to 0.5 molar equivalents, relative to 1 molar equivalent of the imide group.
- the amino group is less than 0.001 equivalent, the ring-opening reaction of the imide group does not proceed sufficiently, so that the intended polyetherimide crosslinked product tends to be difficult to obtain.
- the amino group exceeds 2 molar equivalents, film formation becomes difficult because the mixture gels when the raw materials are mixed.
- Examples of the chemical structure of a crosslinked product obtained by ring-opening crosslinking of polyetherimide with a diamine compound include the chemical structure of the following formula 8. ⁇ Formula 8> In Formula 8, Z is a residue of a diamine compound.
- the phase separation agent is a component that constitutes a discontinuous phase of a microphase separation structure and is capable of forming a microphase separation structure when the polymer is mixed and can be extracted with an extraction solvent.
- polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; one end or both end methyl blockade of the polyalkylene glycol, or one end or both end (meth) acrylate blockade; urethane prepolymer; phenoxy polyethylene glycol (meth) (Meth) acrylates such as acrylate, ⁇ -caprolactone (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa (meth) acrylate, urethane (meth) acrylate, epoxy (meth) acrylate, oligoester (meth) acrylate, etc. ) Acrylate compounds. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the molecular weight of the phase separation agent is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight is preferably 10,000 or less (for example, about 100 to 10,000), more preferably 100 to 2000, because the extraction and removal operation is facilitated.
- the weight average molecular weight is less than 100, it is difficult to phase separate from the cured polymer.
- the weight average molecular weight exceeds 10,000, the microphase separation structure becomes too large, or it becomes difficult to extract and remove the phase separation agent from the phase separation structure.
- an oligomer is often used.
- the addition amount of the phase separation agent can be appropriately selected according to the combination of the phase separation agent and the polymer, but is a porous body having an average cell diameter of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m and a volume porosity of 20 to 90%. Is preferably used in an amount of 20 to 300 parts by weight, more preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.
- the polymer solution is prepared by mixing the polymer, the phase separation agent and the solvent.
- the solvent include amides such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide, and N, N-dimethylformamide.
- the amount of the solvent used is about 150 to 2000 parts by weight, preferably 150 to 400 parts by weight, and more preferably 300 to 350 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer.
- additives include tackifier resins, flame retardants, antioxidants, inorganic fillers, cell nucleating agents, crystal nucleating agents, thermal stabilizers, light stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, plasticizers, lubricants, pigments, and crosslinking agents. , Crosslinking aids, and silane coupling agents.
- the polymer solution is applied onto a substrate and dried to produce a phase separation structure (for example, a sheet or film) having a microphase separation structure.
- the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it has a smooth surface.
- Examples of the continuous application method include a wire bar, kiss coat, and gravure.
- Examples of the batch application method include an applicator, a wire bar, and a knife coater.
- phase separation structure in which the phase separation agent is microphase separated can be obtained.
- the temperature at which the solvent is evaporated (dried) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately adjusted depending on the type of the solvent used, but is usually 60 to 200 ° C.
- the microphase separation structure usually has a sea-island structure in which the polymer is the sea and the phase separation agent is the island.
- phase separation agent that has undergone microphase separation is removed from the phase separation structure to produce a porous body.
- the method for removing the phase separation agent from the phase separation structure is not particularly limited, but a method of extracting with a solvent is preferred.
- the solvent must be a good solvent for the phase separation agent and does not dissolve the polymer.
- water organic solvents such as toluene, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and heptane; liquefied carbon dioxide
- Examples include carbon dioxide fluids such as critical carbon dioxide and supercritical carbon dioxide. Since the carbon dioxide fluid easily penetrates into the phase separation structure, the phase separation agent can be efficiently removed. Moreover, it can also extract using water or an organic solvent, and a carbon dioxide fluid together.
- a pressure vessel When using carbon dioxide fluid as the extraction solvent, a pressure vessel is usually used.
- the pressure vessel for example, a batch type pressure vessel, a pressure vessel equipped with a pressure-resistant sheet feeding and winding device, or the like can be used.
- the pressure vessel is usually provided with carbon dioxide fluid supply means including a pump, piping, valves, and the like.
- the extraction of the phase separation agent may be performed by continuously supplying and discharging the carbon dioxide fluid to and from the pressure vessel containing the phase separation structure.
- the carbon fluid may not be moved out of the container.
- subcritical carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide swelling of the phase separation structure is promoted, and phase separation is efficiently separated from the phase separation structure by improving the diffusion coefficient of the insolubilized phase separation agent.
- the agent is removed.
- liquefied carbon dioxide is used, the diffusion coefficient decreases, but the permeability into the phase separation structure is improved, so that the phase separation agent is efficiently removed from the phase separation structure.
- the temperature and pressure when extracting the phase separation agent with the carbon dioxide fluid may be any temperature and pressure at which carbon dioxide is in each state (liquid, subcritical or supercritical). It is 7.3 to 100 MPa, preferably 25 to 200 ° C. and 10 to 50 MPa.
- the extraction time needs to be appropriately adjusted depending on the temperature and pressure at the time of extraction, the blending amount of the phase separation agent, the thickness of the phase separation structure, etc., but is usually 1 to 15 hours, preferably 2 to 15 hours. It is.
- Examples of the extraction method using water or an organic solvent include a method of immersing a phase separation structure in water or an organic solvent, a method of spraying water or an organic solvent on the phase separation structure, and the like.
- the immersion method is preferable from the viewpoint of the removal efficiency of the phase separation agent.
- the phase separation agent can be efficiently removed by exchanging water or the organic solvent several times or performing extraction while stirring.
- phase separation agent is extracted and removed to produce a porous body
- a drying treatment or the like may be performed.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has an average cell diameter of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 5 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.1 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has a volume porosity of 20 to 90%, more preferably 30 to 80%, and further preferably 35 to 70%.
- the volume porosity is less than 20%, the rigidity of the porous body becomes high. Therefore, it becomes difficult to bend the porous body, and even if the porous body is bent, it is easy to return to the original shape when the external force is removed. Therefore, it becomes difficult to attach a porous body (insulating sheet) to a motor or the like, and the attachment accuracy tends to be lowered. In addition, it is difficult to reduce the relative dielectric constant.
- the volume porosity exceeds 90%, the mechanical strength tends to decrease.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has a dielectric breakdown voltage of 30 kV / mm or more, more preferably 40 kV / mm or more.
- the upper limit of the dielectric breakdown voltage is usually about 200 kV / mm.
- the porous body of the present invention preferably has a gel fraction of 10% or more, more preferably 30% or more, and further preferably 40% or more.
- the porous body of the present invention has a relative dielectric constant of about 1.4 to 2.5, preferably 1.4 to 1.8.
- the shape of the porous body can be appropriately changed depending on the application, but in the case of a sheet or film, the thickness is usually 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 250 ⁇ m, more preferably 30 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the porous body of the present invention is suitably used as an insulating sheet for a motor.
- the motor insulating laminated sheet of the present invention has a sheet material on at least one side of the porous motor insulating sheet.
- the shape of the insulating laminated sheet for motor is not particularly limited, and may be a sheet shape or a tape shape, may be punched into a necessary shape, or may be three-dimensionally bent.
- the sheet material examples include non-woven fabric, paper, and film, but it is preferable to use non-woven fabric, paper, or a film having heat resistance in order to improve the heat resistance of the insulating laminated sheet for motors.
- the thickness of the sheet material is not particularly limited, but is usually 5 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 5 to 50 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the sheet material is less than 5 ⁇ m, it will be difficult to give strength to the insulating laminated sheet for motors, and if it exceeds 100 ⁇ m, the number of turns of the coil wire will decrease and the motor output will decrease, or the insulating laminated sheet for motors It becomes difficult to reduce the relative dielectric constant of the sheet.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage of the porous body was measured by a method based on the standard of JlS C2110.
- the boosting speed was 1 kV / sec.
- the complex dielectric constant at a frequency of 1 GHz was measured by the cavity resonator perturbation method, and the real part was taken as the relative dielectric constant.
- the measuring instrument uses a cylindrical cavity resonator (“Network Analyzer N5230C” manufactured by Agilent Technologies, “Cavity Resonator 1 GHz” manufactured by Kanto Electronics Application Development Co., Ltd.), and a strip-shaped sample (sample size 2 mm ⁇ 70 mm length). And measured.
- Example 1 To a 1000 ml four-necked flask, 730 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was added and heated to 70 ° C. Thereto, 189 g of a polyetherimide (PEI) resin (SABIC Innovative Plastics, UItem 1000-1000) and 81 g of PEI resin (SABIC Innovative Plastics, UItem XH-6050) were added and stirred for 5 hours, and the PEI resin solution (I )
- PEI polyetherimide
- PEI resin solution (I) polypropylene glycol having a weight average molecular weight of 400 is added to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of PEI resin, and 0.04 mole equivalent of amino groups to 1 mole equivalent of imide groups of the PEI resin.
- An amount of 1,4-butanediamine was added and stirred to obtain a transparent uniform PEI resin solution (II).
- the PEI resin solution (II) was applied onto a PET film by a comma direct method, and then dried at 130 ° C. for 8 minutes to evaporate and remove NMP, thereby producing a phase separation structure having a microphase separation structure.
- the phase separation structure was placed in a 30 L pressure vessel, carbon dioxide was injected in an atmosphere of 35 ° C., pressurized to 30 MPa, and held for 60 minutes while maintaining the pressure. Thereafter, the carbon dioxide fluid was injected and discharged at a flow rate of about 90 kg / hr until the total amount used reached 180 kg, and the remaining solvent and polypropylene glycol were extracted. Then, while setting the atmospheric temperature to 85 ° C. and raising the temperature of the carbon dioxide fluid, 320 kg of carbon dioxide fluid was further injected and discharged to perform an extraction process, thereby producing a PEI porous body.
- Example 2 A PEI porous material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1,6-hexanediamine was used instead of 1,4-butanediamine.
- Example 3 A PEI porous material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1,10-decanediamine was used instead of 1,4-butanediamine.
- Example 4 Instead of adding 1,4-butanediamine in an amount of 0.04 molar equivalents of amino groups to 1 molar equivalent of imide groups of PEI resin, 0.02 amino groups relative to 1 molar equivalent of imide groups of PEI resin.
- a PEI porous material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a molar equivalent amount of both-end amine-modified dimethylsiloxane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd., KF-8010) was added.
- Example 5 Instead of adding 1,4-butanediamine in an amount of 0.04 molar equivalents of amino groups to 1 molar equivalent of imide groups of PEI resin, 0.02 amino groups relative to 1 molar equivalent of imide groups of PEI resin.
- a PEI was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that both terminal amine-modified dimethylsiloxanes (X-22-9409, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Silicone Co., Ltd.) in which a part of the side chain in a molar equivalent amount was substituted with phenyl groups were added. A porous body was produced.
- Comparative Example 1 A PEI porous material was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1,4-butanediamine was not added.
- the porous body of the present invention is useful as an insulating sheet incorporated in an automobile or industrial motor with inverter control.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
〈式1〉
(式1中、Xは下記式2に示す化学構造の少なくとも1種を含み、Yは下記式3に示す化学構造の少なくとも1種を含む。ただし、式2及び3に示す化学構造のベンゼン環は置換基を有していてもよい。)
〈式2〉
〈式3〉
〈式1〉
(式1中、Xは下記式2に示す化学構造の少なくとも1種を含み、Yは下記式3に示す化学構造の少なくとも1種を含む。ただし、式2及び3に示す化学構造のベンゼン環は置換基を有していてもよい。)
〈式2〉
〈式3〉
〈式4〉
式4中、nは通常1~50の整数である。nが小さすぎると反応性が低く、大きすぎると添加量が多くなるため、nは好ましくは4~30の整数であり、より好ましくは6~20の整数である。
〈式6〉
式6中、nは通常1~50の整数である。nが小さすぎると反応性が低く、大きすぎると添加量が多くなるため、nは好ましくは4~30の整数であり、より好ましくは6~20の整数である。
式7中、p及びqは通常1~25の整数である。p及びqが小さすぎると反応性が低く、大きすぎると添加量が多くなるため、p及びqは好ましくは1~15の整数であり、より好ましくは2~10の整数である。pとqの割合は、p/q=1/9~5/5程度であり、好ましくは2/8~4/6である。
(平均気泡径)
多孔質体を液体窒素で冷却し、刃物を用いてシート面に対して垂直に切断して評価サンプルを作製した。サンプルの切断面にPd-Pt蒸着処理を施し、該切断面を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)(日本電子社製「JSM-6510LV」)で観察した。その画像を画像処理ソフト(ナノシステム社製「NanoHunter NS2K-Lt」)で二値化処理し、気泡部と樹脂部とに分離して気泡の最大水平弦長を測定した。気泡径の大きいほうから40個の気泡について平均値をとり、その値を平均気泡径とした。
電子比重計(アルファーミラージュ社製、MD-300S)を用いて多孔質体の比重と無孔体の比重を測定し、下記式により体積空孔率を計算した。
体積空孔率(%)={1-(多孔質体の比重)/(無孔体の比重)}×100
JlS C2110の規格に準拠した方法により、多孔質体の絶縁破壊電圧を測定した。昇圧速度は1kV/secとした。
多孔質体(0.5g)を樹脂フィルム(日東電工株式会社製、TEMISH NTF1133)で包んで容器内に入れ、そこに溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドンを約50ml添加し、スターラー撹拌を24時間行った。その後、樹脂フィルムの溶媒を拭き取り、240℃で3時間加熱乾燥させた後にゲル体の重量を測定した。ゲル分率は、下記式により算出した。
ゲル分率(%)=(ゲル体の重量 /多孔質体の重量)×100
空洞共振器摂動法により、周波数1GHzにおける複素誘電率を測定し、その実数部を比誘電率とした。測定機器は、円筒空洞共振機(アジレント・テクノロジー社製「ネットワークアナライザ N5230C」、関東電子応用開発社製「空洞共振器1GHz」)を用い、短冊状のサンプル(サンプルサイズ2mm×70mm長さ)を用いて測定した。
1000m1の4つ口フラスコに、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)730gを加えて70℃に加熱した。そこにポリエーテルイミド(PEI)樹脂(SABIC Innovative Plastics社製、UItem1000-1000)189gとPEI樹脂(SABIC Innovative Plastics社製、UItemXH-6050)81gとを加え、5時間撹拌してPEI樹脂溶液(I)を得た。
1,4-ブタンジアミンの代わりに、1,6-ヘキサンジアミンを用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法でPEI多孔質体を作製した。
1,4-ブタンジアミンの代わりに、1,10-デカンジアミンを用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法でPEI多孔質体を作製した。
PEI樹脂のイミド基1モル当量に対してアミノ基0.04モル当量になる量の1,4-ブタンジアミンを添加する代わりに、PEI樹脂のイミド基1モル当量に対してアミノ基0.02モル当量になる量の両末端アミン変性ジメチルシロキサン(信越シリコーン社製、KF-8010)を添加した以外は実施例1と同様の方法でPEI多孔質体を作製した。
PEI樹脂のイミド基1モル当量に対してアミノ基0.04モル当量になる量の1,4-ブタンジアミンを添加する代わりに、PEI樹脂のイミド基1モル当量に対してアミノ基0.02モル当量になる量の側鎖の一部がフェニル基に置換された両末端アミン変性ジメチルシロキサン(信越シリコーン社製、X-22-9409)を添加した以外は実施例1と同様の方法でPEI多孔質体を作製した。
1,4-ブタンジアミンを添加しなかった以外は実施例1と同様の方法でPEI多孔質体を作製した。
Claims (8)
- ポリアミン化合物はジアミン化合物である請求項1記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体。
- ジアミン化合物が脂肪族ジアミン、脂環族ジアミン、及びシロキサンジアミンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種である請求項2記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体。
- 平均気泡径が0.1~10μm、かつ絶縁破壊電圧が30kV/mm以上である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体。
- ゲル分率が10%以上である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体。
- モーター用の絶縁シートとして用いられる請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体。
- 請求項6に記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体の少なくとも片面にシート材を有するモーター用絶縁積層シート。
- 上記式1にて示す繰り返し構造単位を有するポリエーテルイミド、当該ポリエーテルイミドと相分離する相分離化剤、及びポリアミン化合物を含有するポリマー溶液を基板上に塗布し、乾燥させてミクロ相分離構造を有する相分離構造体を作製する工程、相分離構造体から相分離化剤を除去して多孔質体を作製する工程を含む請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のポリエーテルイミド多孔質体の製造方法。
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CN201380065938.5A CN104884514A (zh) | 2012-12-17 | 2013-12-09 | 聚醚酰亚胺多孔体及其制造方法 |
EP13864343.2A EP2933288A4 (en) | 2012-12-17 | 2013-12-09 | POROUS POLYETHERIMID BODY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
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US20130020117A1 (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2013-01-24 | Daicel Corporation | Laminated body comprising porous layer and functional laminate using same |
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JP5919184B2 (ja) | 2016-05-18 |
EP2933288A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 |
EP2933288A4 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
JP2014118488A (ja) | 2014-06-30 |
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