WO2014080827A1 - ポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物 - Google Patents
ポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014080827A1 WO2014080827A1 PCT/JP2013/080761 JP2013080761W WO2014080827A1 WO 2014080827 A1 WO2014080827 A1 WO 2014080827A1 JP 2013080761 W JP2013080761 W JP 2013080761W WO 2014080827 A1 WO2014080827 A1 WO 2014080827A1
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- NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1ccc(C)c(O)c1 Chemical compound Cc1ccc(C)c(O)c1 NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/022—Quinonediazides
- G03F7/023—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders
- G03F7/0233—Macromolecular quinonediazides; Macromolecular additives, e.g. binders characterised by the polymeric binders or the macromolecular additives other than the macromolecular quinonediazides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/075—Silicon-containing compounds
- G03F7/0757—Macromolecular compounds containing Si-O, Si-C or Si-N bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/80—Siloxanes having aromatic substituents, e.g. phenyl side groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2383/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2383/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08J2383/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positive photosensitive siloxane composition, and more specifically, is optically transparent, resistant to high temperatures, capable of forming a pattern having high chemical resistance and environmental resistance, and development.
- Flattening for thin film transistor (TFT) substrates used for backplanes of displays such as liquid crystal display elements and organic EL display elements, with reduced pattern defects due to re-deposition of development residues, undissolved layers, or hardly soluble materials Suitable for use in various elements such as solid-state imaging devices, antireflection films, antireflection plates, optical filters, high-intensity light-emitting diodes, touch panels, solar cells, and optical waveguides, as well as interlayer insulation films for films and semiconductor elements
- the present invention relates to a positive photosensitive siloxane composition.
- the present invention also relates to a cured film formed from the positive photosensitive siloxane composition.
- Patent Document a method of increasing the aperture ratio of a display device by forming a transparent planarizing film on a TFT element and forming a pixel electrode on the planarized film.
- the structure of the organic EL device is the same as the method of depositing a light emitting layer on a transparent pixel electrode formed on a substrate and taking out light emission from the substrate side (bottom emission).
- a method for improving the aperture ratio in the same manner as in a liquid crystal display has been proposed by adopting a method (top emission) in which light emitted from the transparent pixel electrode and the light emitting layer on the transparent pixel electrode is taken out to the side opposite to the TFT element (Patent Literature). 2).
- Non-Patent Document 1 a solution to the problem of signal delay has been proposed by increasing the wiring thickness (see Non-Patent Document 1).
- the capacity can be reduced by increasing the film thickness, for example, but a uniform coating film with a film thickness of, for example, 5 microns or more is formed on a large glass substrate by a slit coating method or the like. It is generally difficult to do this, and the amount of material used increases, so it is not preferable to increase the film thickness.
- silsesquioxane is known as a material having high heat resistance and high transparency.
- Silsesquioxane is a polymer composed of a trifunctional siloxane structural unit RSi (O 1.5 ), and is chemically intermediate between inorganic silica (SiO 2 ) and organic silicone (R 2 SiO).
- RSi trifunctional siloxane structural unit
- R 2 SiO organic silicone
- the cured product is a specific compound exhibiting high heat resistance characteristic of inorganic silica while being soluble in an organic solvent.
- a siloxane skeleton polymer is generally expected to be a material for a transparent insulating film having a low dielectric constant and a low dielectric constant as compared with an organic polymer.
- the polysiloxane As a component of the photosensitive composition, the polysiloxane needs to be soluble in a developer such as an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution. Therefore, an acrylic copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a silsesquioxane compound having an acrylic group added to a specific cage-type silsesquioxane, an unsaturated carboxylic acid, an epoxy group-containing unsaturated compound, and an olefinic unsaturated compound. And a photosensitive composition comprising a quinonediazide compound (see Patent Document 5) have been proposed.
- photosensitive compositions based on these complicated systems have a high organic compound content, so the heat resistance of the cured product is not sufficient due to the thermal deterioration of organic compounds other than polysiloxane, and problems due to discoloration and generation of decomposition gases. Cannot be ignored.
- a photosensitive composition composed of polysiloxane and quinonediazide for example, a combination of a polysiloxane insoluble in a developer and a soluble polysiloxane and a quinonediazide compound is combined.
- a photosensitive composition that prevents any “pattern” that causes a pattern to flow, resulting in a decrease in resolution (see Patent Document 6).
- a development pattern defect may be caused by redeposition of the undissolved material after development and the hardly soluble material that has dissolved out.
- Patent Document 7 As a method of maintaining solubility in a developing solution other than silanol groups, a method of acylating a part of phenyl groups of phenylpolysiloxane (see Patent Document 7) and a method of using a cage silsesquioxane compound having a quinonediazide structure ( Patent Document 8) has been proposed.
- These siloxanes have stable developer-soluble groups even if silanol groups react during development, and therefore problems such as formation of insoluble layers and undissolved residues are reduced.
- such a polysiloxane cured product is not resistant to a chemical solution such as a photoresist stripping solution, which limits the applications that can be used.
- a photosensitive siloxane composition in which a diazonaphthoquinone derivative is used as a dissolution inhibitor and a developing solution is a 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- a 2.38 wt% TMAH aqueous solution of polysiloxane is used. If the dissolution rate in the film is 100 liters / second or more, a practical positive pattern can be formed by exposure-development.
- a polysiloxane soluble in a TMAH aqueous solution having a silanol group is a polymer having a relatively low molecular weight, and a “pattern” is usually generated in the process of heat curing.
- Polysiloxane becomes high molecular weight by dehydration condensation reaction of silanol group by heat. This reaction proceeds faster as the temperature increases, but at high temperatures the viscosity of the polysiloxane temporarily decreases, making it difficult to control who the “pattern” is.
- This “pattern” can be suppressed by increasing the molecular weight of the polysiloxane.
- Patent Document 6 when the molecular weight of the polysiloxane is increased, it becomes difficult to dissolve in a 2.38 wt% TMAH aqueous solution. For this reason, problems such as a decrease in resolution due to unmelted residue after development, low sensitivity, and pattern defects after development are caused.
- a low molecular weight product can be obtained by synthesizing a polysiloxane having a low dissolution rate in the presence of a basic catalyst among at least two types of polysiloxanes having different alkali dissolution rates.
- Patent Document 9 A method of suppressing “pattern” is proposed (see Patent Document 9).
- the dissolution rate of the polysiloxane mixture in the 2.38 wt% TMAH aqueous solution is adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the polysiloxanes having different dissolution rates to form a highly sensitive positive photosensitive composition. Is possible.
- the present invention has been made on the basis of the circumstances as described above, and has high sensitivity, high resolution, high heat resistance, high chemical resistance, and high transparency. It is an object of the present invention to provide a photosensitive siloxane composition capable of forming a cured film with reduced pattern defects due to reattachment.
- Another object of the present invention is to form a solid-state imaging device, an antireflection film, an antireflection plate, an optical filter, a high-intensity light emitting diode, a touch panel, a solar cell, an optical waveguide, etc., formed from the photosensitive siloxane composition.
- the object is to provide a planarizing film such as an optical device or a semiconductor element, or a cured film such as an interlayer insulating film.
- the present inventors have determined that at least two types of polysiloxane, diazofunnaphthoquinone derivative and solvent containing a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having different dissolution rates in an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution as a polysiloxane.
- the present invention relates to the following positive photosensitive siloxane composition.
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- n represents 0 or 1.
- a film after prebaking obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing a silane compound represented by the formula (5) in the presence of a basic catalyst is 5 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “5% TMAH”).
- B 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide (hereinafter referred to as “the pre-baked film”) obtained by hydrolysis and condensation of the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst. It may be abbreviated as “2.38% TMAH”.
- the polysiloxane (II) having a tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group other than the silanol is a polysiloxane having a dissolution rate in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of the prebaked film of 50 to 1,000 kg / sec.
- a positive photosensitive siloxane composition characterized by the above.
- the polysiloxane (Ib) is a silane compound represented by the general formula (1) (wherein R 1 is an arbitrary methylene represented by oxygen. A linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may be substituted, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in which any hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine, n is 0 or 1 , R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms) obtained by hydrolysis / condensation in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, and at least the pre-baked film dissolved in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution
- a positive photosensitive siloxane group comprising polysiloxane (Ib ′) having a viscosity of not less than 3,000 ⁇ / second and / or polysiloxane (Ib ′′) having a molecular weight of 200 to 3,000 ⁇ /
- the positive photosensitive siloxane composition according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the polysiloxane (II) having a tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group is at least one of the following general formulas:
- the pre-baked membrane obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing the silane compound represented by the formula (2) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst has a dissolution rate in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of 50 to 1,000 kg /
- a positive photosensitive siloxane composition characterized in that it is a polysiloxane of at least 2 seconds.
- R 3 represents a group having a group (R 3 a) soluble in at least one 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution
- R 3 a represents a phenolic hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, Acid anhydride, sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, thiol, cyano, or —CO—R 7
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkoxy group
- R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or an alkoxy group
- M Is a cyclic alkyl group, a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof, a carboxylic acid anhydride, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a thiol, or a group selected from cyano
- M is a phenyl group or a naphthalene group
- a plurality of R 3 a may be substituted with M;
- R 3 a may be the same or different.
- R 5 represents a methyl group or a phenyl group, and n is 0 to 10 (provided that one —CH 2 — of the alkylene group is —CH ⁇ CH—, —O—, —CO—). , —COO— may be substituted.
- R 5 represents a methyl group or a phenyl group
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms
- n is 0 to 10 (provided that One —CH 2 — of the alkylene group may be replaced by —CH ⁇ CH—, —O—, —CO—, —COO—.)
- X and y are copolymerization ratios (mol%).
- X: y 10: 90 to 90:10)
- the amount of the polysiloxane (II) is 0 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polysiloxane (I).
- the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention has high sensitivity and high resolution, and the obtained cured film is excellent in heat resistance, transparency and residual film ratio, and development residue and undissolved residue during development. Pattern defects due to re-adhesion of hardly soluble materials are reduced.
- it since it has excellent flatness and electrical insulation characteristics, it is a flattening film for thin film transistor (TFT) substrates used for display backplanes such as liquid crystal display elements and organic EL display elements, and an interlayer insulating film for semiconductor elements.
- TFT thin film transistor
- Various film forming materials such as insulating films and transparent protective films in solid-state imaging devices, antireflection films, antireflection plates, optical filters, high-intensity light emitting diodes, touch panels, solar cells, and optical devices such as optical waveguides Can be suitably used.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of a 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern after development of a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having a thickness of 0.5 microns obtained in Example 5.
- FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of a 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern after development of a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having a thickness of 0.5 microns obtained in Comparative Example 2. is there.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of a 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern after development of a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having a thickness of 0.5 microns obtained in Comparative Example 2. is there.
- FIG. 1 is a SEM photograph of a 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern after development of a 2.38% TMAH
- FIG. 3 is a SEM photograph of a 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern of a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having a thickness of 2 microns obtained in Example 7 after development with an aqueous 2.38% TMAH solution.
- FIG. 4 is an SEM photograph of a line and space (L / S) pattern of a positive photosensitive siloxane composition having a thickness of 2 microns obtained in Comparative Example 4 after development with a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution.
- the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention comprises polysiloxane (I) composed of at least two types of polysiloxanes having different dissolution rates in an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution, and tetramethylammonium other than silanol. It contains polysiloxane (II) having an aqueous hydroxide-soluble group, a diazofunnaphthoquinone derivative (III), and a solvent (IV).
- the polysiloxane, diazofunnaphthoquinone derivative, and solvent used in the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention will be described in detail sequentially.
- Polysiloxane composed of at least two types of polysiloxanes having different dissolution rates in an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution The present invention provides at least two types of polysiloxanes (I) having different dissolution rates in an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution.
- the above polysiloxane that is, a polysiloxane having a low dissolution rate in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution and a polysiloxane having a relatively high dissolution rate in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution are combined.
- R 1 n Si (OR 2 ) 4- of the general formula (1) is hardly soluble in the 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution.
- a polysiloxane obtained by hydrolysis / condensation of a silane compound represented by n in the presence of a basic catalyst, the pre-baked film is soluble in a 5% TMAH aqueous solution, and the dissolution rate is 1,000 kg / Polysiloxane (Ia) is used which is less than a second.
- polysiloxane (Ia) 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) is used, which is hydrolyzed in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst.
- Polysiloxane (Ib) having a dissolution rate in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of the pre-baked film obtained by condensation is 200 kg / sec or more is used.
- this polysiloxane (Ib) 1 type may be used and 2 or more types may be used together.
- (Ib) is a silane compound represented by the general formula (1) (wherein R 1 is an arbitrary methylene group).
- R 1 is an arbitrary methylene group.
- R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms) obtained by hydrolysis / condensation in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst, and dissolved in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution after pre-baking.
- the dissolution rate in the 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution of at least two kinds of polysiloxane mixtures having different dissolution rates in the TMAH aqueous solution is 50 to 1,000 kg / sec
- the 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution is used as the developer.
- a photosensitive polysiloxane composition can be constructed.
- the at least two types of polysiloxanes specifically, polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib), or (Ia), (Ib ′), or (Ia), (Ib ′), (Ib ′′ ), Or (Ia), (Ib ′′) in consideration of the film thickness to be applied and the solubility characteristics of the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib), (Ib ′′) used.
- the dissolution rate with respect to the 38% TMAH aqueous solution is set so as to satisfy the above 50 to 1,000 kg / second.
- the “steaming” phenomenon of the “pattern” is alleviated, so that the blending amount of the polysiloxane (Ia) containing the hardly soluble component can be reduced.
- ') And (Ib ") are preferably 30 moles or less.
- a coating film is formed by applying the positive photosensitive siloxane composition on a substrate, followed by development after exposure, After development, in order to form a cured film, the film is preferably heated at a temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, but the pattern after development may flow at this time.
- the weight ratio of polysiloxane (Ia) to (Ib) is preferably 30/70 to 70/30.
- the weight ratio of the total weight of the polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib ′) to the polysiloxane (Ib ′′) is preferably from 95/5 to 50/50. If the ratio of “)” is 5 parts by weight or less, the development residue is not sufficiently prevented. On the other hand, at 50 parts by weight or more, the ratio of polysiloxane (Ia) in the polysiloxane mixture is not sufficient, and the problem of heat flow becomes significant.
- polysiloxane synthesized using a basic catalyst as the polysiloxane (Ib) because a photosensitive siloxane composition having an excellent “pattern” dripping prevention effect is formed.
- polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib) This will be described in more detail, including a method for synthesizing the above polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib).
- the polysiloxane (Ia) is obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) in the presence of a basic catalyst.
- polysiloxane (Ib) is obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst.
- Polysiloxanes (Ib ′) and (Ib ′′) having different dissolution rates with respect to an aqueous solution of TMAH are obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst.
- the difference in dissolution rate can be adjusted by adjusting the reaction time for acid catalyst materials and by increasing or decreasing the amount of water charged during the reaction for alkali catalyst materials.
- polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib) can be produced in the same manner according to the following procedure, and therefore, in the following description, the distinction between polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib) If there is no need to do this, it may be simply referred to as “polysiloxane”.
- 4-n of R 1 is, carbon atoms which may be any methylene is replaced by oxygen 1-20 A linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in which arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced by fluorine, and R 2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- n is 0 or 1. Two or more of these silane compounds of the general formula (1) may be used in combination.
- examples of the linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which any methylene of R 1 may be replaced with oxygen include, for example, methyl group, ethyl group, n -Propyl group, isopropyl group, t-butyl group, n-hexyl group, n-decyl group, trifluoromethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, cyclohexyl Groups and the like.
- examples of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in which arbitrary hydrogen may be replaced with fluorine include a phenyl group and a tolyl group.
- methyl groups are readily available as raw materials, have high film hardness after curing, have high chemical resistance, and phenyl groups increase the solubility of the polysiloxane in the solvent, and the cured film has Since it becomes difficult to crack, it is a preferred compound, and a methyl group is particularly preferred.
- examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms of R 2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and an n-butyl group.
- R 2 may be the same or different, and when the silane compound of the general formula (1) is composed of a plurality of compounds, R 2 in the plurality of compounds may be the same or different.
- the ratio of the silane compound in which R 1 in the general formula (1) in the polysiloxane (I) is a methyl group is preferably 20 mol% to 80 mol%. Also, in each of the polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib), at least one of these is the ratio of the silane compound in which R 1 in the general formula (1) used for producing the polysiloxane is a methyl group.
- the polysiloxane (Ia) and (Ib) of the two types of polysiloxane mixtures also have a silane compound ratio in which at least R 1 of the mixture is a methyl group. 20 mol% to 80 mol% is preferable. Further, in each of the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib), and further (Ib ′), (Ib ′′), the ratio of the silane compound in which R 1 is a methyl group is 20 mol% to 80 mol%. More preferably.
- R 1 is a silane compound of the general formula (1) composed of a plurality of compounds
- R 1 in the plurality of compounds may be the same or different. If the silane compound containing a methyl group as R 1 is used, it is preferred to use together with the silane compound R 1 is a phenyl group as a silane compound other formula (1).
- the weight average molecular weights (Mw) of the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib) and (Ib ′), (Ib ′′) are preferably 5,000 or less, more preferably about 1,000 to 3,000. When the average molecular weight (Mw) is smaller than 1,000, the effect of preventing “pattern” dripping is small.
- the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib), specifically (Ib ′), (Ib ′′) are generally a silane represented by the general formula (1) in a mixed solution of an organic solvent, a catalyst and water. It can be synthesized by dropping a mixed solution of compounds to cause hydrolysis and condensation reaction, and if necessary, purifying by neutralization or washing, or substituting with a desired organic solvent by concentration.
- the organic solvents used in the reaction can be used alone or in combination.
- the solvent include hydrocarbon solvents such as hexane, toluene, xylene and benzene, ether solvents such as diethyl ether and tetrahydrofuran, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and butanol.
- ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone, and the amount used is 0.1 to 10 times by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2 times by weight that of the silane compound mixture. .
- the dropping and reaction temperature of the mixed solution of the silane compound is 0 to 200 ° C., preferably 10 to 60 ° C., and the dropping temperature and the reaction temperature may be the same or different.
- the reaction time varies depending on the substituent R 2 of the structure of the silane compound represented by the general formula (1), but is usually from several tens of minutes to several tens of hours.
- Various conditions in the hydrolysis and condensation reaction are as follows: Considering the reaction scale, the size and shape of the reaction vessel, for example, by setting the amount of catalyst, reaction temperature, reaction time, etc., physical properties suitable for the intended application can be obtained.
- Examples of the basic catalyst include triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine, trioctylamine, diethylamine, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, an organic base such as alkoxysilane having an amino group, Examples thereof include inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, anion exchange resins, and quaternary ammonium salts such as tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
- the amount of catalyst is preferably 0.0001 to 10 moles per mole of the silane compound mixture.
- the degree of hydrolysis can be adjusted by the amount of water added.
- the amount of water to be added varies depending on the type and amount of the silane compound used, generally, when polysiloxane (Ia) is synthesized, the hydrolyzable alkoxy of the silane compound represented by the general formula (1) It is desirable to react water at a ratio of 0.01 to 10 mole times, preferably 0.5 to 0.9 mole times to the group.
- polysiloxane (Ib) is synthesized, the general formula (1 It is desirable to react water at a ratio of 0.01 to 10 mol times, preferably 0.9 to 2.0 mol times, with respect to the hydrolyzable alkoxy group of the silane compound represented by
- the reaction solution may be neutralized or neutralized using an acidic compound as a neutralizing agent.
- acidic compounds include phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and other inorganic acids, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, acrylic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid.
- organic acids such as carboxylic acids and their anhydrides, sulfonic acids such as p-toluenesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid, and cation exchange resins.
- the amount of the neutralizing agent is appropriately selected according to the pH of the reaction solution containing the polysiloxane, but is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mole times, more preferably 1 to 1 mol with respect to the basic catalyst. 1.1 mole times.
- examples of the acidic catalyst include hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, formic acid, polyvalent carboxylic acid or anhydride thereof, and ion exchange resin.
- the addition amount of the catalyst is preferably 0.0001 to 10 mol times with respect to the mixture of silane compounds, although it depends on the strength of the acid.
- the degree of hydrolysis can generally be adjusted by the stirring time, although it varies depending on the type and amount of the silane compound used.
- the stirring time is preferably 1 to 12 hours, and when synthesizing polysiloxane (Ib ′′) having a high dissolution rate, the stirring time is preferably 5 to 12 hours. .
- reaction solution may be neutralized in the same manner as when a basic catalyst is used.
- a basic compound is used as a neutralizing agent.
- basic compounds used for neutralization include triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, and trihexyl.
- Organic bases such as amine, triheptylamine, trioctylamine, diethylamine, triethanolamine and diethanolamine
- inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, anion exchange resins, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide And quaternary ammonium salts such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
- the amount of the neutralizing agent is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 mol times, more preferably 1 to 1.1 mol times with respect to the acidic catalyst.
- the neutralized solution may be washed and purified according to the necessity of coating film or storage stability.
- at least polysiloxane is dissolved in the hydrophobic organic solvent by adding a hydrophobic organic solvent and water as necessary to the neutralizing solution, mixing and contacting them.
- a hydrophobic organic solvent a compound that dissolves polysiloxane and is immiscible with water is used. “Immiscible with water” means that water and a hydrophobic organic solvent are sufficiently mixed and then allowed to stand to separate into an aqueous layer and an organic layer.
- Preferred hydrophobic organic solvents include ether solvents such as diethyl ether, ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, alcohol solvents such as butanol, ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, and aromatic solvents such as toluene and xylene.
- a solvent etc. are mentioned.
- the hydrophobic organic solvent may be the same as or different from the reaction solvent used in the reaction, and a mixture of two or more types may be used.
- the basic catalyst, acid catalyst, neutralizing agent and their salts, and most of the reaction by-products such as alcohol and water are contained in the aqueous layer by washing and are substantially removed from the organic layer. However, the number of times of washing is appropriately set according to the required properties such as coating properties or storage stability.
- the temperature for washing is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 ° C to 70 ° C, more preferably 10 ° C to 60 ° C.
- the temperature at which the aqueous layer and the organic layer are separated is also not particularly limited, but is preferably 0 ° C. to 70 ° C., and more preferably 10 ° C. to 60 ° C. from the viewpoint of shortening the liquid separation time.
- the solution of the hydrophobic solvent used for washing including polysiloxane, may be used as it is.
- the solvent and remaining reaction by-products such as alcohol and water are removed by concentration.
- the concentration may be changed or other solvent may be substituted.
- Concentration can be carried out under normal pressure (atmospheric pressure) or reduced pressure, and the degree of concentration can be arbitrarily changed by controlling the amount of distillation.
- the temperature at the time of concentration is 30 to 150 ° C., preferably 40 to 100 ° C.
- the solvent can be replaced by adding a desired solvent at appropriate times and further concentrating so as to obtain a target solvent composition.
- polysiloxanes (Ia) and (Ib), more specifically (Ib ′) and (Ib ′′) used in the siloxane resin composition of the present invention can be produced, and by mixing them, Polysiloxane (I) is obtained.
- TMAH Tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group other than silanol
- a desired 2.38% TMAH is obtained from a polysiloxane that is soluble in a 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution and an insoluble polysiloxane by a silanol group. It mix
- silanol groups promote a dehydration condensation reaction in the presence of TMAH to produce an alkali-insoluble substance.
- This is assumed to be a development residue. Therefore, the development residue can be reduced by the polysiloxane (II) having a tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group having low reactivity with the silanol of the polysiloxane (I).
- Such a compound is obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing a polysiloxane having high compatibility with polysiloxane (I), particularly a silane compound represented by the following general formula (2) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst. Polysilsesquioxane compounds are preferred.
- R 3 represents a group having a group (R 3 a) other than a silanol group soluble in at least one 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution
- R 3 a represents a phenolic hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid, or Its salt, carboxylic acid anhydride, sulfonic acid or its salt, thiol, cyano or —CO—R 7 (wherein R 7 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, alkenyl group or alkoxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms) And R 4 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
- Carboxylic acid or salt thereof, carboxylic acid anhydride, sulfonic acid or salt thereof, thiol, cyano or —CO—R 7 (wherein R 7 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, Or an alkoxy group, and when M is a cyclic alkyl group, it is a group selected from carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, carboxylic anhydride, sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, thiol, and cyano, and M is a phenyl group Or In the case of a naphthalene group, it represents a group selected from a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a carboxylic anhydride, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a thiol, and a cyano.
- M is a phenyl group.
- the following groups are preferable.
- m represents an integer of 1 or 2
- A represents a hydrogen atom or an ammonium ion.
- the polysiloxane (II) having a tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group other than silanol is produced using at least one silane compound represented by the general formula (2), and 2.38 of the film after prebaking.
- the dissolution rate with respect to an aqueous solution of% TMAH is 50 to 1,000, preferably 100 to 1,000 kg / second.
- at least one silane compound represented by the above general formula (2) and at least one kind It is a polysiloxane obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing a silane compound having no tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution-soluble group represented by the following general formula (3) in the presence of an acidic or basic catalyst. More preferred.
- polysiloxane (II) produced from the silane compound represented by the general formula (2) and the silane compound represented by the general formula (3) a polysilsesquioxane compound having the following structure is used. It is mentioned as preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a compound in which M is a phenyl group is particularly preferable.
- Typical examples of the compound in which M is a phenyl group include those represented by the following formula.
- R 3 a is —C (O) —R 7 (wherein R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkoxy group).
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, or an alkoxy group.
- R 5 is a methyl group or a phenyl group
- R 7 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group
- n represents an alkylene group having 0 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 7 represents an alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, an alkenyl group such as a vinyl group, or methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy, Alkoxy groups such as n-pentoxy, isopropoxy and isobutoxy are preferred. These groups may be substituted with an alkyl group or the like.
- Polysiloxane (II) can be produced by the same method as (Ia) and (Ib) of polysiloxane (I).
- the compounding amount of polysiloxane (II) is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of polysiloxane (I).
- the dissolution rate of polysiloxane (Ib) and polysiloxane (II) was set in the above range.
- the dissolution rate of polysiloxane (Ib) and polysiloxane (II) is the same as that of the above-mentioned 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution. If it is made to become the same range as the melt
- an inorganic alkaline aqueous solution such as sodium hydroxide other than TMAH is used as the developer.
- the dissolution rate of the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib) and polysiloxane (II), and their mixture in the TMAH aqueous solution is measured and calculated as follows.
- polysiloxane is diluted and dissolved in propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) so as to be about 35% by weight.
- PMEA propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate
- This solution is spin-coated on a silicon wafer so as to have a dry film thickness of about 2 to 3 ⁇ m, and then the solvent is further removed by heating on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 60 seconds.
- the film thickness of the coating film is measured with a spectroscopic ellipsometer (Woollam).
- the polysiloxane (Ia) a 5% TMAH aqueous solution, a polysiloxane (Ib) and (II), a mixture of polysiloxane (Ia) and (Ib), a polysiloxane (II) And about this and the mixture of this and polysiloxane (I), it immerses in 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution at room temperature (25 degreeC), and measures time until a film
- the dissolution rate is determined by dividing the initial film thickness by the time until the film disappears. When the dissolution rate is remarkably slow, the film thickness is measured after being immersed for a certain time, the amount of change in film thickness before and after the immersion is divided by the immersion time, and the dissolution rate is calculated.
- the diazonaphthoquinone derivative used in the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention is a compound in which naphthoquinonediazidesulfonic acid is ester-bonded to a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group, and the structure is not particularly limited. An ester compound with a compound having at least one phenolic hydroxyl group is preferred.
- the naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid or 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid can be used.
- 4-naphthoquinonediazide sulfonic acid ester compound has absorption in the i-line (wavelength 365 nm) region, it is suitable for i-line exposure. Further, the 5-naphthoquinonediazide sulfonic acid ester compound has absorption in a wide wavelength range and is therefore suitable for exposure in a wide wavelength range. It is preferable to select a 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester compound or a 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester compound depending on the wavelength to be exposed. A 4-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester compound and a 5-naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid ester compound may be mixed and used.
- the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group used for forming the diazonaphthoquinone derivative of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
- Examples of such a compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group include the following compounds.
- the names given to the following exemplary compounds are trade names except for bisphenol A, and are manufactured by Honshu Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- the amount of diazonaphthoquinone derivative added varies depending on the esterification rate of naphthoquinone diazide sulfonic acid, or the physical properties of the polysiloxane used, and the required sensitivity / dissolution contrast between exposed and unexposed areas.
- the amount is 3 to 20% by weight, more preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib) and (II).
- the addition amount of the diazonaphthoquinone derivative is less than 3% by weight, the dissolution contrast between the exposed area and the unexposed area is too low, and the photosensitivity is not realistic.
- 8% by weight or more is preferable.
- the addition amount of the diazonaphthoquinone derivative is more than 20% by weight, whitening of the coating film occurs due to poor compatibility between the polysiloxane and the quinonediazide compound, or coloring due to decomposition of the quinonediazide compound that occurs during thermal curing is remarkable. Therefore, the colorless transparency of the cured film may be lowered.
- the heat resistance of diazonaphthoquinone derivatives is inferior to that of polysiloxane, so if the amount added is increased, thermal decomposition causes deterioration of the electrical insulation of the cured product and outgassing, resulting in problems in subsequent processes. There is.
- the resistance to a photoresist stripping solution in which the cured product is mainly composed of monoethanolamine or the like may be lowered.
- solvent examples include ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and diethylene glycol dipropyl ether.
- ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers such as ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, and diethylene glycol dipropyl ether.
- Diethylene glycol dialkyl ethers such as diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, ethylene glycol alkyl ether acetates such as methyl cellosolve acetate and ethyl cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA), propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol Propylene glycol alkyl ether acetates such as benzene monopropyl ether acetate, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, ethanol, propanol, butanol And alcohols such as hexanol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerin, esters such as ethyl 3-
- the proportion of the solvent in the photosensitive siloxane composition is 90% by weight or more, but in the case of slit coating used for a large substrate, it is usually 60% by weight or more, preferably 70% by weight. That's it.
- the characteristics of the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention do not vary greatly depending on the amount of the solvent.
- the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention may contain a surfactant as necessary.
- the surfactant is added for the purpose of improving coating properties, developability and the like.
- examples of the surfactant that can be used in the present invention include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- nonionic surfactant examples include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether and polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, and polyoxyethylene fatty acids.
- Acetylene glycol derivatives such as diesters, polyoxy fatty acid monoesters, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymers, acetylene alcohol, acetylene glycol, polyethoxylates of acetylene alcohol, polyethoxylates of acetylene glycol, fluorine-containing surfactants such as Fluorado (Brand name, manufactured by Sumitomo 3M Co., Ltd.), Mega Fuck (Brand name, manufactured by DIC Corporation), Sulflon (Brand name, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.), MA The organosiloxane surfactants such as KP341 (trade name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.) and the like.
- acetylene glycol examples include 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol, 2,4, 7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexyne-3-ol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol, 2,5 -Dimethyl-2,5-hexanediol and the like.
- Anionic surfactants include alkyl diphenyl ether disulfonic acid ammonium salt or organic amine salt, alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonic acid ammonium salt or organic amine salt, alkylbenzene sulfonic acid ammonium salt or organic amine salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate. And ammonium salts and organic amine salts of alkyl sulfates.
- amphoteric surfactants include 2-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolium betaine, lauric acid amidopropyl hydroxysulfone betaine, and the like.
- surfactants can be used alone or in admixture of two or more, and the blending amount thereof is usually 50 to 2,000 ppm, preferably 100 to 1, based on the photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention. 000 ppm.
- a sensitizer can be added to the photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention as necessary.
- Sensitizers preferably used in the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention include coumarins, ketocoumarins and their derivatives, thiopyrylium salts, acetophenones, etc., specifically p-bis (o-methylstyryl) benzene.
- Formation of the coating film of the photosensitive siloxane composition in the present invention is a general coating method, that is, dip coating, roll coating, bar coating, brush coating, spray coating, doctor coating, flow coating, spin coating, slit coating, etc. It can be performed by any method known as a conventional method for applying a photosensitive siloxane composition. Moreover, arbitrary base materials, such as a silicon substrate, a glass substrate, and a resin film, are mentioned as a base material in which a coating film is formed. When the substrate is a film, gravure coating is also possible. If desired, a coating film drying step can be provided separately. A coating film can be made into a desired film thickness by applying it once or twice or more as necessary.
- pre-bake heat treatment
- the pre-baking step is generally performed at a temperature of 70 to 150 ° C., preferably 90 to 120 ° C., for 10 to 180 seconds, preferably 30 to 90 seconds when using a hot plate, and 1 to 30 minutes when using a clean oven. be able to.
- the pattern forming method of the positive photosensitive siloxane composition of the present invention will be described.
- the desired pattern is formed by forming a coating film of the positive photosensitive siloxane composition, pre-baking, and then irradiating the coating film with light in a pattern.
- a light source a lamp such as a high pressure mercury lamp, a low pressure mercury lamp, a metal halide, or xenon, a laser diode, an LED, or the like can be used.
- irradiation light ultraviolet rays such as g-line, h-line and i-line are usually used.
- light of 360 to 430 nm (high pressure mercury lamp) is generally used for patterning of several ⁇ m to several tens of ⁇ m.
- light of 430 nm is often used.
- the energy of irradiation light depends on the light source and the initial film thickness, but is generally 10 to 2,000 mJ / cm 2 , preferably 20 to 1,000 mJ / cm 2 .
- the irradiation light energy is lower than 10 mJ / cm 2 , the composition is not sufficiently decomposed.
- overexposure may occur and halation may occur.
- a general photomask may be used to irradiate in a pattern, and such a photomask is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the environment for irradiation may be an ambient atmosphere (in the air) or a nitrogen atmosphere.
- the pattern film includes the case where the film is formed on the entire surface.
- the arbitrary developing solutions conventionally used for image development of a known photosensitive siloxane composition can be used.
- Preferred developers include tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, choline, alkali metal hydroxide, alkali metal metasilicate (hydrate), alkali metal phosphate (hydrate), aqueous ammonia, alkylamine, alkanolamine, Examples include an alkaline developer that is an aqueous solution of an alkaline compound such as a heterocyclic amine, and a particularly preferred alkaline developer is an aqueous tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution.
- alkaline developers may further contain a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol and ethanol, or a surfactant, if necessary.
- a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol and ethanol
- surfactant if necessary.
- bleaching exposure By performing bleaching exposure, the unreacted diazonaphthoquinone derivative remaining in the film is photodegraded, and the light transparency of the film is further improved.
- an entire surface is exposed to about 100 to 2,000 mJ / cm 2 (converted to a wavelength of 365 nm exposure amount) using an ultraviolet-visible exposure machine such as PLA.
- the coating film is cured by heating the pattern film.
- the heating condition may be any temperature at which the coating film can be cured, and is usually 150 to 400 ° C., preferably 200 to 350 ° C. Below 150 ° C., unreacted silanol groups remain and do not exhibit sufficient chemical resistance. Moreover, the polarity of the silanol group induces a high dielectric constant. Therefore, when lowering the dielectric constant, it is preferable to cure at 200 ° C. or higher.
- the crosslinked cured film thus obtained has a heat resistance of 400 ° C. or higher, and has a light transmittance of 95% or higher and a relative dielectric constant of 4 or lower, preferably 3.3 or lower. For this reason, it has light transmittance and relative dielectric constant characteristics that are not found in acrylic materials, such as flat panel displays (FPD), flattening films of various elements as described above, interlayer insulating films, transparent protective films, etc. Furthermore, it can be suitably used in various fields as an interlayer insulating film for low-temperature polysilicon or a buffer coat film for IC chips. Moreover, hardened
- FPD flat panel displays
- cured material can also be used as an optical device material.
- the mixed solution was dropped into the flask at 10 ° C., stirred at the same temperature for 3 hours, and neutralized by adding a 10% HCl aqueous solution.
- a 10% HCl aqueous solution 400 ml of toluene and 100 ml of water were added, and the mixture was separated into two layers. The resulting organic layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and propylene was added to the concentrate so that the solid concentration was 40% by weight.
- Glycol monomethyl ether acetate (PGMEA) was added and adjusted.
- the weight average molecular weight (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “Mw”) was 2,200.
- the obtained resin solution is applied to a silicon wafer by a spin coater so that the film thickness after pre-baking is 2 ⁇ m, and the dissolution rate in a 5% TMAH aqueous solution after pre-baking (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “ADR”).
- ADR dissolution rate in a 5% TMAH aqueous solution after pre-baking
- the toluene solution was transferred to a 1 L four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a distillation tower, a cooler, and a thermometer, placed in an oil bath, and gradually heated to distill off the toluene. After the toluene was distilled off, the temperature was further raised and the mixture was aged at 200 ° C. for 2 hours to synthesize 36.6 g of a p-methoxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw: polystyrene conversion) is 5,240
- the dispersity (Mw / Mn: polystyrene conversion) is 1.76
- the ADR for 2.38% TMAH aqueous solution with a film thickness of 3 microns. was 740 kg / sec.
- Table 1 summarizes the reaction catalyst, Mw, and ADR of the resulting polysiloxane for these synthesis examples.
- Example 1 positive photosensitive siloxane composition
- the polysiloxane mixture was It was adjusted to a 30% PGMEA solution and a 2.0 mol modified form of 4-4 ′-(1- (4- (1- (4-hydroxyphenol) -1-methylethyl) phenyl) ethylidene) bisphenol diazonaphthoquinone ( (Hereinafter abbreviated as “PAC”) was added in an amount of 12% by weight based on the polysiloxane.
- PAC bisphenol diazonaphthoquinone
- polysiloxane (II-1) p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer
- KF-53 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. was added in an amount of 0.3% by weight to the polysiloxane to obtain a photosensitive siloxane composition.
- This photosensitive siloxane composition was applied onto a silicon wafer by spin coating, and after application, pre-baked on a hot plate at 100 ° C. for 90 seconds to adjust the film thickness to 1 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 (positive photosensitive siloxane composition)> Polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) is converted to (II-2) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / phenylsilsesquioxane copolymer). Except for the above, a photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and coating, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation confirmed that the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern were left without any residue.
- Example 3 (positive photosensitive siloxane composition)> Photosensitive as in Example 1, except that 2.0% by weight of p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer was added to polysiloxane and the exposure was performed at 140 mJ / cm 2. A functional siloxane composition was obtained, and coating, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation confirmed that the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern were left without any residue.
- Example 4 (positive photosensitive siloxane composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained and applied in the same manner as in Example 2 except that p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / phenylsilsesquioxane copolymer was added in an amount of 1.5% by weight based on the polysiloxane. Exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation confirmed that the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern were left without any residue.
- Example 5 positive photosensitive siloxane composition
- the polysiloxane mixture was adjusted to an 18% PGMEA solution, and 9% by weight of PAC was added to the total amount of polysiloxane (Ia) and (Ib ′′ -1).
- FIG. 1 shows an SEM photograph of line and space (L / S).
- a photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was 1.5% by weight, and coating, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. By performing the observation, it was confirmed that the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern were left without any residue.
- Example 7 positive photosensitive siloxane composition
- the polysiloxane mixture was adjusted to a 35% PGMEA solution and 12% by weight of PAC was added to the polysiloxane.
- the polysiloxane (II-1) p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane) was added.
- Copolymer was added in an amount of 0.7% by weight based on the total amount of polysiloxanes (Ia), (Ib′-1) and (Ib ′′ -1). After adjusting the film thickness to 2.0 ⁇ m, the experiment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 with an exposure amount of 180 mJ / cm 2 . Thereafter, SEM observation confirmed that the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern were left without any residue.
- FIG. 3 shows an SEM photograph of line and space (L / S).
- Example 8 positive photosensitive siloxane composition
- the polysiloxane mixture was adjusted to a 35% PGMEA solution and 12% by weight of PAC was added to the polysiloxane.
- the polysiloxane (II-1) p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane) was added.
- Example 1 (Positive Photosensitive Siloxane Composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) was removed from Example 1. Application, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation was performed, and development residues were confirmed for both the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern.
- II-1 p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer
- Example 2 (Positive Photosensitive Siloxane Composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5, except that polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) was removed from Example 5. Application, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation was performed, and development residues were confirmed for both the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern.
- FIG. 2 shows an SEM photograph of line and space (L / S).
- Example 3 (Positive Photosensitive Siloxane Composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6, except that polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) was removed from Example 6. Application, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation was performed, and development residues were confirmed for both the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern.
- II-1 p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer
- Example 4 (Positive Photosensitive Siloxane Composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) was removed from Example 7. Application, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation was performed, and development residues were confirmed for both the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern.
- FIG. 4 shows an SEM photograph of line and space (L / S).
- Example 5 (Positive Photosensitive Siloxane Composition)> A photosensitive siloxane composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8, except that polysiloxane (II-1) (p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer) was removed from Example 8. Application, exposure, development, and rinsing were performed. Thereafter, SEM observation was performed, and development residues were confirmed for both the 5 ⁇ m line and space (L / S) pattern and the contact hole (C / H) pattern.
- II-1 p-hydroxybenzylsilsesquioxane / methylsilsesquioxane copolymer
- Table 2 shows a summary of the positive photosensitive siloxane compositions of Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5.
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Abstract
Description
(A)一般式(1):
で表されるシラン化合物を塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるプリベーク後の膜が5重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(以下「5%TMAH」と略記することがある。)水溶液に可溶であり、その溶解速度が1,000Å/秒以下であるポリシロキサン(Ia)と、
(B)前記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物を酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるプリベーク後の膜の2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(以下「2.38%TMAH」と略記することがある。)水溶液に対する溶解速度が200Å/秒以上であるポリシロキサン(Ib)
との混合物であって、該混合物の2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度が50~1,000Å/秒であるポリシロキサンであり、
また前記シラノール以外のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン(II)が、プリベーク後の膜の2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度が50~1,000Å/秒であるポリシロキサンであることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
上記したように、本発明のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物は、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度の異なる少なくとも2種類以上のポリシロキサンからなるポリシロキサン(I)と、シラノール以外のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン(II)と、ジアゾフナフトキノン誘導体(III)と、溶剤(IV)とを含有することを特徴とするものである。以下、本発明のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物で使用される、これらポリシロキサン、ジアゾフナフトキノン誘導体、および溶剤について、順次詳細に説明する。
本発明は、ポリシロキサン(I)として、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度の異なる少なくとも2種類以上のポリシロキサン、すなわち、2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度の低いポリシロキサンと2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度の比較的高いポリシロキサンを組み合わせることを特徴とするものである。本発明で用いられる2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度の低いポリシロキサンとしては、2.38%TMAH水溶液に難溶解性である、一般式(1)のR1 nSi(OR2)4-nで示されるシラン化合物を塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合により得たポリシロキサンであって、プリベーク後の膜が5%TMAH水溶液に可溶であり、その溶解速度が1,000Å/秒以下であるポリシロキサン(Ia)が用いられる。ポリシロキサン(Ia)は1種が用いられてもよいし、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記したように、ポリシロキサン(Ia)は、前記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物を、塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られる。一方、ポリシロキサン(Ib)は、前記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物を、酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られる。TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度が異なるポリシロキサン(Ib’)、(Ib”)は、一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物を、酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られが、溶解速度の違いは、酸触媒の材料については、反応時間の長短によって、また、アルカリ触媒の材料については、反応時に仕込む水の量を増減することにより調整できることから、反応時間や水の量を適宜調整する以外は、ポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib)は、以下に示す手順で同様に製造することができる。したがって、以下の説明において、ポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib)の区別をする必要がない場合は、単に「ポリシロキサン」ということもある。
本発明では、シラノール基によって2.38%TMAH水溶液に可溶なポリシロキサンと不溶なポリシロキサンを所望の2.38%TMAH水溶液への溶解速度に配合し(ポリシロキサン(I))、ジアゾナフトキノン誘導体の光反応による溶解速度の差を利用してポジ型のパターン形成を行う。しかしながら、シラノール基はTMAH存在下で脱水縮合反応を促し、アルカリ不溶性物質を生成する。これが、現像残渣となっていると推察される。従って、ポリシロキサン(I)が有するシラノールとの反応性の低いテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン(II)によって、現像残渣を軽減することができる。このような化合物としては、ポリシロキサン(I)と相溶性の高いポリシロキサン、特に下記一般式(2)で示されるシラン化合物を酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるポリシルセスキオキサン化合物が好ましい。
本発明においては、ポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib)およびポリシロキサン(II)、更にこれらの混合物のTMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度は、次のようにして測定、算出される。
本発明のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において用いられるジアゾナフトキノン誘導体は、フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物にナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸がエステル結合した化合物であり、特に構造について制限されないが、好ましくはフェノール性水酸基を1つ以上有する化合物とのエステル化合物であることが好ましい。ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸としては、4-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸、あるいは5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸を用いることができる。4-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物はi線(波長365nm)領域に吸収を持つため、i線露光に適している。また、5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物は広範囲の波長領域に吸収が存在するため、広範囲の波長での露光に適している。露光する波長によって4-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物、5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物を選択することが好ましい。4-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物と5-ナフトキノンジアジドスルホン酸エステル化合物を混合して用いることもできる。
溶剤としては、例えばエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルなどのエチレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル類、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジプロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテルなどのジエチレングリコールジアルキルエーテル類、メチルセロソルブアセテート、エチルセロソルブアセテートなどのエチレングリコールアルキルエーテルアセテート類、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテルアセテートなどのプロピレングリコールアルキルエーテルアセテート類、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素類、メチルエチルケトン、アセトン、メチルアミルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノンなどのケトン類、エタノール、プロパノール、ブタノール、ヘキサノール、シクロヘキサノール、エチレングリコール、グリセリンなどのアルコール類、3-エトキシプロピオン酸エチル、3-メトキシプロピオン酸メチルなどのエステル類、γ-ブチロラクトンなどの環状エステル類などが挙げられる。かかる溶剤は、それぞれ単独でまたは2種以上を組み合わせて用いられ、その使用量は塗布方法や塗布後の膜厚の要求によって異なる。
先ず、本発明のポリシロキサンの合成例を以下に示す。なお、測定にあたって、次の装置を用いた。
GPC:HLC-8220GPC(東ソー製)
スピンコーター:MS-A100(ミカサ製)
撹拌機、温度計、冷却管を備えた2Lのフラスコに、25重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド(TMAH)水溶液36.5g、イソプロピルアルコール(IPA)800ml、水2.0gを仕込み、次いで滴下ロートにフェニルトリメトキシシラン39.7g、メチルトリメトキシシラン34.1g、テトラメトキシシラン7.6gの混合溶液を調整した。その混合溶液を10℃にて前記フラスコ内に滴下し、同温で3時間撹拌した後、10%HCl水溶液を加え中和した。中和液にトルエン400ml、水100mlを添加し、2層に分離させ、得られた有機層を減圧下濃縮することで溶媒を除去し、濃縮物に固形分濃度40重量%となるようにプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)を添加調整した。
撹拌機、温度計、冷却管を備えた2Lのフラスコに、35%塩酸水溶液1.6g、PGMEA300ml、水27.4gを仕込み、次いで滴下ロートにフェニルトリメトキシシラン39.7g、メチルトリメトキシシラン34.1g、テトラメトキシシラン7.6gの混合溶液を調製した。その混合物を10℃にて滴下し、同温度で3時間攪拌した後、反応液にトルエン200ml、水100mlを添加し、2層に分離させ、得られた有機層を減圧下濃縮することで溶媒を除去し、濃縮物に固形分濃度40%になるようにプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)を添加調整した。得られたポリシロキサンの分子量(ポリスチレン換算)、2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRを合成例1と同様にして測定したところ、Mw=1,590であり、2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRは、9,530Å/秒であった。
フェニルトリメトキシシラン、メチルトリメトキシシラン、テトラメトキシシランの混合溶液を滴下した後の攪拌時間を5時間とすることを除き合成例2と同様にして、ポリシロキサンを合成した。得られたポリシロキサンの分子量(ポリスチレン換算)、2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRを合成例1と同様にして測定したところ、Mw=1,890であり、2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRは、2,440Å/秒であった。
炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で洗浄し、トルエン油層を回収した。次にそのトルエン溶液を攪拌機、蒸留塔、冷却器および温度計を備えた1L四つ口フラスコに移し、オイルバスに入れ、徐々に加熱し、トルエンを留去した。トルエン留去後にさらに温度を上げ、200℃で2時間熟成しp-メトキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体36.6gを合成した。次に、撹拌機、環流冷却器、滴下ろう斗および温度計を備えた500mL4つ口フラスコに、アセトニトリル215gを仕込み、p-メトキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・9-フェナントレニルシルセスキオキサン共重合体36.0
gとヨウ化ナトリウム66.8g(0.445モル)とトリメチルクロロシラン48.4g(0.445 モル)を順次加え、65~70℃
で24時間還流した。還流後、水71.7gを滴下し、65~70 ℃ で6時間還流後に冷却し、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム水溶液で遊離ヨウ素を還元した後、15 %食塩水で2回洗浄し、油層を回収した。さらに、油層を水に落として結晶を回収し、その結晶を乾燥し、GPC分析により、重量平均分子量(Mw :ポリスチレン換算)5,340、分散度(Mw/Mn:ポリスチレン換算)1.79のp-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体36.0gを合成した。膜厚2.6ミクロンでの2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRは、550Å/秒であった。
(一般式4 n=1、x=70mol%、y=30mol%、不溶性基:フェニル基)
合成例4において、メチルトリメトキシシラン11.0gに代えて、フェニルトリメトキシシラン16.9gを仕込み、合成例4と同一条件でp-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・フェニルシルセスキオキサン共重合体41.1gを合成した。GPC分析により、重量平均分子量(Mw:ポリスチレン換算)は5,240で、分散度(Mw/Mn:ポリスチレン換算)は1.76であり、膜厚3ミクロンでの2.38%TMAH水溶液に対するADRは、740Å/秒であった。
ポリシロキサン(Ia-1):(Ib’-1):(Ib”-1)=(40重量%):(30重量%):(30重量%)の割合で混ぜた後、ポリシロキサン混合物を30%のPGMEA溶液に調整し、4-4’-(1-(4-(1-(4-ヒドロキシフェノール)-1-メチルエチル)フェニル)エチリデン)ビスフェノールのジアゾナフトキノン2.0モル変性体(以下「PAC」と略す。)を、ポリシロキサンに対して12重量%添加した。さらに、ポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)をポリシロキサンに対して1.0重量%添加した。界面活性剤として信越化学工業社製 KF-53を、ポリシロキサンに対して0.3重量%加え、感光性シロキサン組成物を得た。
ポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を(II-2)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・フェニルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)とした以外は、実施例1と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。
p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体をポリシロキサンに対して2.0重量%添加し、露光を140mJ/cm2で行った以外は、実施例1と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。
p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・フェニルシルセスキオキサン共重合体をポリシロキサンに対して1.5重量%添加した以外は、実施例2と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。
ポリシロキサンの割合を、(Ia-1):(Ib’-1):(Ib”-1)=(25重量%):(0重量%):(75重量%)の割合で混ぜた後、ポリシロキサン混合物を18%のPGMEA溶液に調整し、PACをポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib”-1)合計量に対して9重量%添加した。さらに、ポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)をポリシロキサンに対して1.5重量%添加した。0.5μmの膜厚になるように調整した後、露光量200mJ/cm2で実施例1と同様にして実験を行った。SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。図1にラインアンドスペース(L/S)のSEM写真を示す。
ポリシロキサンの割合を、(Ia-1):(Ib’-1):(Ib”-1)=(30重量%):(10重量%):(60重量%)とし、PACの量をポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib’-1)、(Ib”-1)合計量に対して9重量%添加し、ポリシロキサン(II)の量をポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib’-1)、(Ib”-1)合計量に対して1.5重量%とした以外は、実施例1と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。
ポリシロキサンの割合を、(Ia-1):(Ib’-1):(Ib”-1)=(35重量%):(35重量%):(30重量%)の割合で混ぜた後、ポリシロキサン混合物を35%のPGMEA溶液に調整し、PACをポリシロキサンに対して12重量%添加した。さらに、ポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)をポリシロキサン(Ia)、(Ib’-1)、(Ib”-1)合計量に対して0.7重量%添加した。2.0μmの膜厚になるように調整した後、露光量180mJ/cm2で実施例1と同様にして実験を行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。図3にラインアンドスペース(L/S)のSEM写真を示す。
ポリシロキサンの割合を、(Ia-1):(Ib’-1):(Ib”-1)=(30重量%):(40重量%):(30重量%)の割合で混ぜた後、ポリシロキサン混合物を35%のPGMEA溶液に調整し、PACをポリシロキサンに対して12重量%添加した。さらに、ポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を前記ポリシロキサンに対して0.7重量%添加した。3.0μmの膜厚になるように調整した後、露光量200mJ/cm2で実施例1と同様にして実験を行った。その後、SEM観察を行うことにより、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)パターンが、残渣等なく抜けていることが確認された。
実施例1からポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を除いた組成以外は実施例1と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行ったところ、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)両パターンについて、現像残渣が確認された。
実施例5からポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を除いた組成以外は、実施例5と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行ったところ、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)両パターンについて、現像残渣が確認された。図2にラインアンドスペース(L/S)のSEM写真を示す。
実施例6からポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を除いた組成以外は、実施例6と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行ったところ、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)両パターンについて、現像残渣が確認された。
実施例7からポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を除いた組成以外は、実施例7と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行ったところ、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)両パターンについて、現像残渣が確認された。図4にラインアンドスペース(L/S)のSEM写真を示す。
実施例8からポリシロキサン(II-1)(p-ヒドロキシベンジルシルセスキオキサン・メチルシルセスキオキサン共重合体)を除いた組成以外は、実施例8と同様に感光性シロキサン組成物を得て、塗布、露光、現像、リンスを行った。その後、SEM観察を行ったところ、5μmのラインアンドスペース(L/S)パターンおよびコンタクトホール(C/H)両パターンについて、現像残渣が確認された。
Claims (10)
- (I)テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度の異なる少なくとも2種類以上のポリシロキサン、(II)シラノール以外のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン、(III)ジアゾナフトキノン誘導体、および(IV)溶剤を含有するポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物であって、前記ポリシロキサン(I)が、
(A)一般式(1):
で表されるシラン化合物を塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるプリベーク後の膜が5重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に可溶であり、その溶解速度が1,000Å/秒以下であるポリシロキサン(Ia)と、
(B)前記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物を酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるプリベーク後の膜の2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度が200Å/秒以上であるポリシロキサン(Ib)
との混合物であって、該混合物の2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度が50~1,000Å/秒であるポリシロキサンであり、
また前記シラノール以外のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン(II)が、プリベーク後の膜の2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度が50~1,000Å/秒であるポリシロキサンであることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。 - 請求項1記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において、ポリシロキサン(Ib)が、前記一般式(1)で表されるシラン化合物(式中、R1は、任意のメチレンが酸素で置き換えられてもよい炭素数1~20の直鎖状、分岐状あるいは環状アルキル基、または炭素数6~20で任意の水素がフッ素で置き換えられてもよいアリール基を表し、nは0または1、R2は、炭素数1~5のアルキル基を表す)を酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られるプリベーク後の膜の2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に対する溶解速度が3,000Å/秒以上であるポリシロキサン(Ib’)および/または200~3,000Å/秒であるポリシロキサン(Ib”)を含むことを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
- 請求項1記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において、少なくとも(Ia)および(Ib”)を含み、1.5ミクロン以下の膜厚で用いられることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において、前記テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液可溶性基を有するポリシロキサン(II)が、少なくとも1種の下記一般式(2)で表されるシラン化合物を酸性あるいは塩基性触媒の存在下で加水分解・縮合させて得られる、プリベーク後の膜の2.38%TMAH水溶液に対する溶解速度が50~1,000Å/秒以上であるポリシロキサンであることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
一般式(2):
- 請求項4または5記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において、前記R3が、下記一般式(4)で表される基であることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
一般式(4):
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物において、前記ポリシロキサン(II)の配合量が、ポリシロキサン(I)100重量部に対して、0.1~5.0重量部であることを特徴とするポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のポジ型感光性シロキサン組成物から形成されたことを特徴とする硬化膜。
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