WO2014076304A2 - Partikuläres elektrodenmaterial mit einer beschichtung aus einem kristallinen anorganischen material und/oder einem anorganisch-organischen hybridpolymer und verfahren zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Partikuläres elektrodenmaterial mit einer beschichtung aus einem kristallinen anorganischen material und/oder einem anorganisch-organischen hybridpolymer und verfahren zu dessen herstellung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014076304A2 WO2014076304A2 PCT/EP2013/074177 EP2013074177W WO2014076304A2 WO 2014076304 A2 WO2014076304 A2 WO 2014076304A2 EP 2013074177 W EP2013074177 W EP 2013074177W WO 2014076304 A2 WO2014076304 A2 WO 2014076304A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/628—Inhibitors, e.g. gassing inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/38—Carbon pastes or blends; Binders or additives therein
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/42—Powders or particles, e.g. composition thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0416—Methods of deposition of the material involving impregnation with a solution, dispersion, paste or dry powder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1391—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/621—Binders
- H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- Particulate electrode material with a coating of a crystalline inorganic material and / or an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer and method for its production According to the invention, a particulate electrode material is provided which has a high energy density, safety and longevity (stability against degradation and material fatigue). Furthermore, the electrode material is characterized by both a high electrical and a high ionic conductivity and thereby achieves very low resistance values. Moreover, according to the invention, a method is provided for coating particulate electrode material with which the electrode material according to the invention can be produced. Finally, uses of the electrode material according to the invention are shown.
- the approach for the innovation described below is the permanent surface passivation of electrode materials in lithium batteries caused by reaction with the electrolyte. This usually follows a progressive degradation of the battery materials. It is ultimately responsible for their limited life.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a coated electrode material whose coating has a higher conductivity than the prior art.
- the object is achieved by the coated particulate electrode material according to claim 1, the method of coating particulate electrode material according to any one of claims 15, 21 and 25, the use of inorganic materials and hybrid polymers according to claim 26 and the use of the electrode material according to the invention
- a coated particulate electrode material comprising a particulate electrode material selected from the group consisting of lithium intercalating and lithium deintercalating substances, which at least partially
- the term “particulate” or the term “particles” is understood to mean not only round bodies, but also, for example, bodies in the form of leaflets, rods, wires and / or fibers.
- the term “hybrid polymer” is understood to mean that chemically covalent bonds exist between the inorganic and organic constituents (or phases) of the polymer.
- Material in the coating is that surface effects are exploited at the grain boundaries of the particles and facilitated by the there increasingly available charge carriers and free lattice sites of the charge carrier transport into the electrode material and thus improved. This makes it possible to achieve not only the previous layered properties, but also to achieve an improvement in the power density of electrode materials.
- the advantage of using an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer in the coating is that the properties of hybrid polymers can be specifically adjusted by different functional groups. This makes it possible to create a coating which is characterized by high stability, good flexibility and, in particular, high ionic conductivity. It can thus be achieved conductivity values of> 1CT 4 S / cm and high energy and power densities.
- the thermal resilience of the hybrid polymers and their chemical and electrochemical stability also improve the safety, longevity and Hochvoltfä- ability of the electrode materials coated therewith.
- Another advantage is the weight of a hybrid polymer coating, which is significantly lower than previous coatings of metal oxides or metal fluorides and thus improves the specific performance parameters of the battery.
- the hybrid polymer coating is highly elastic. It is thus particularly suitable for electrode materials with high volume expansion such as
- the advantage of using both a crystalline, particulate, inorganic material and an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer in the coating is that the coating is highly transmissive to electrons and ions.
- the reason is distinguishes the composite structure of the coating, which areas through both hard, e "-type inorganic Kristallit Schemee, and by flexible, redirecting, inorganic-organic Hybridpotymer-. The segmentation of both areas is optimized for this new coating to nanoscale , making the best possible
- this innovative coating type is particularly resistant to material fatigue. This applies both to the battery manufacturing phase and to operation. It is thus particularly suitable for electrode materials with high volume expansion, for example! Silicon (expansion: 300% - 400%). Added to this is the high thermal, chemical and electrochemical stability of both materials, which thus ensures lasting protection through this new type of coating.
- the coated particulate electrode material may be characterized in that the inorganic material has a particle size in the range from 0.5 to 500 nm, preferably from 1 to 50 nm, particularly preferably from 1 to 20 nm, in particular from 1 to 10 nm.
- the inorganic material may be a semiconducting to conductive material.
- the electrode material according to the invention may be suitable for the production of energy stores which have a power density of up to 15,000 W / kg, preferably of 1,000 W / kg to 15,000 W / kg, and / or an energy density of 150 Wh / kg to 1,000 Wh / kg.
- M Mn, Co, Ni or a combination thereof
- M Mn, Co, Ni or a combination thereof
- N Al, Ti, Fe, Cr, Zr, Mo, V, Ta, Mg, Zn, Ga, B, Ca, Ce, Y, Nb, Sr, Ba, Cd, or a combination thereof
- X F, St), LiFePO 4 ,
- the inorganic material may be selected from the group consisting of chaikogenides, halides, silicides, borides, nitrides, phosphides, arsenides, antimonides, carbides, carbonites, carbonitrides and oxnitrides of the elements Zn, Al, In, Sn, Ti, Si, Li, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Ca, Ta, Cd, Ce, Be, Bi, Sc, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Ru, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Mg, Cu, Y, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hg, S, Se, Sb, Te, B, C, and !, as well as the pure elements and mixtures or combinations thereof.
- the nanostructured inorganic coating is at least partially porous.
- the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer can be applied to cohydrolysis and
- This material properties such as the conductivity as well as the thermal, chemical and electrochemical stability, can be adjusted specifically.
- the type of organic modification used also has a significant influence on the material properties.
- the toughness and flexibility of the hybrid polymer can be influenced via unreactive groups which function as network converters, such as, for example, alkyl, phenyl, (per) fluoroalkyl, ⁇ perfluoroaryl, polyether, isocyanate or nitrile groups and organic carbonates.
- Reactive groups which serve as network formers such as, for example, vinyl, methacrylic, allyl, styryl, cyanurate or epoxy groups, can be used to build up an additional organic network via polymer ion reactions.
- the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer contains an inorganic-oxidic skeleton consisting of ion-conductive Si-O-Si bonds, this skeleton optionally additionally comprising oxidic heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of Li, B, Zr, Ai, Ti , Ge, P,
- Mg, Ca, Cr, W and / or organic substituents (bonded primarily to Si) of vinyl, alkyl, acrylic, methacrylic, epoxy, PEG, aryl, styryl, (per) fluoroalkyl, (per) fluoroaryl, nitrile, isocyanate or organic carbonates, and / or vinyl, ailyl, acrylic, methacrylic, styrenic, epoxy or cyanurate functionalities.
- Uthium salts for example, can be introduced into this network in order to achieve increased ionic conductivity.
- the hybrid polymer contains a lithium salt.
- incorporation of a lithium salt into the hybrid polymer network provides conductivity in the organic regions of the hydride polymer.
- the conductivity can be further increased.
- the lithium salt is preferably selected from the group consisting of LiClO 4 , LiAlO 4 , UAICl 4 , Lapp 6 , LiSiF 6; LiBF 4 , LiBr, LH, LiSCN, LiSbF 6 , LiAsFs, LiTfa, LiDFOB, LiBOB, LiTFSI, UCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 S0 3 , LiN ⁇ CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 ,
- the hybrid polymer coating may be a nanostructured hybrid polymer coating.
- the hybrid polymer coating comprises a lithium to ionic conductivity in the range of 10 "7 S / cm to 1 S / cm, preferably from 10" 6 S / cm to 5 10 -3 S / cm, in particular from 10 "4 S / cm to 10 ⁇ 3 S / cm, up.
- the hybrid polymer coating can have a layer thickness in the range from 1 to 500 nm, preferably from 1 to 50 nm, particularly preferably from 1 to 20 nm, in particular from 1 to 10 nm.
- the hybrid polymer coating is elastic and preferably has an E modulus of 10 kPa to 100 MPa, more preferably 10 kPa to 1 MPa. in a further preferred embodiment, only temperatures above 300 ° C. lead to a thermal decomposition of the hybrid polymer coating,
- the hybrid polymer coated electrode material may be electrochemically stable at potentials of> 5V vs. Li / Li + .
- the hybrid polymer coated electrode material may have an operating life of 100 to 100,000 cycles.
- the crystalline, particulate inorganic material is electron-conducting and / or the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer is ion-conducting. Furthermore, a first method according to the invention for coating particulate electrode material with a particulate, nanostructured
- At least one polymerisable organic substance is added; c) the solution is contacted with at least one particulate electrode material, wherein electrode material is formed with a nanostructured coating;
- the coated electrode material is isolated and tempered.
- This process is characterized by a high degree of flexibility. Thus, doping is very easily possible, whereby a further conductivity improvement can be achieved. Comparably low material costs, a low expenditure on equipment and simple scalability are further advantages of this process.
- the process of the invention may be characterized in that the polar solvent in step a) is selected from the group consisting of inorganic and organic solvents, in particular water and / or alcohol.
- step a) the at least one precursor of a metal or semimetal compound or the metal or semimetal compound is contacted with an inorganic or organic acid, preferably nitric acid.
- an acid has the advantage that the solubility of the precursor of a metal or semimetal compound in the polar solvent is significantly improved.
- the polymerisable organic substance in step b) may contain or consist of an acid, preferably an acid selected from the group consisting of consisting of organic and inorganic acids, preferably organic carboxylic acids having more than one acid functionality, in particular citric acid.
- the polymerizable organic substance in step b) may have a
- Alcohol Contain or consist of alcohol, preferably an alcohol selected from the group consisting of alcohols having more than one mecanicalistics, preferably polymeric alcohols having more than one Alkohoifunktionaitician, in particular (poly) ethylene glycol and / or ⁇ poly) propylene glycol.
- the annealing in step d) preferably comprises the following step (s): a) drying of the particles, preferably at a temperature of 80 to
- the method according to the invention can be used to produce the electrode material according to the invention.
- Hybrid polymer coating provided in the
- a sol of an organically modified, polysiloxane-containing material is provided and mixed with electrode material selected from the group consisting of lithium-intercalating and lithium-deintercalating substances, and optionally with at least one organic solvent; and
- the organic solvent is separated, wherein the electrode material is formed with a nanostructured hybrid polymer coating; and iäi) the electrode material with the nanostructured
- Hydride polymer coating is isolated, dried and cured.
- step i) Under a sun! is a colloidal dispersion in a solvent.
- step i) at least one lithium salt and / or at least one curing agent may be added.
- the organic solvent is preferably selected from the group consisting of organic solvents which dissolve the organically modified, polysiloxane-containing material.
- This inventive method can be used for the production of inventive electrode material.
- a third inventive method for coating particulate Elektrodenmateria! provided with a nanostructured coating containing a crystalline inorganic material and an inorganic-organic hydride polymer. This method comprises the steps:
- step b) carrying out the second method according to the invention with the proviso that the electrode material used in step i) of the second method is the coated electrode material from step d) of the first method.
- inorganic materials selected from the group consisting of chalcogenides, halides, silicides, borides, nitrides, phosphides, arsenides, antimonides, carbides, carbonites, carbonitrides and
- a hybrid polymer containing a sol-gel matrix which is prepared from organically substituted silanes with hydrolyzable functionalities and optionally contains lithium salt;
- particulate and / or crystalline coating proposed by particulate electrode material or Katalysatoratateriai.
- the coated electrode material according to the invention in energy stores, preferably in lithium accumulators and / or in double-layer capacitors.
- the electrode material according to the invention can be used as a catalyst material.
- the use as a catalyst material has the advantage that both the large number of active centers of minute crystal grains and the resulting high specific surface area guarantee a particularly high catalytic activity of the layer material.
- FIG. 1 shows the sectional structure of an electrode material 1 with a particulate, nano-structured coating 2.
- Figure 2 shows the TEM image of the profile of a ZnO-particulate coated Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O 2 particle.
- FIG. 3 shows the element profile (C: black, Zn: gray, Ni, Co, Mn, 0 not shown) through the surface of a ZnO-coated L ' i ⁇ Ni, Co, Mn) O 2 particles EDX line scan of a TEM lamination of "glue" (carbon) embedded particles (FIG. 3A)
- FIG. 3B Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O 2 particles are shown (FIG. 3B).
- FIG. 4 shows charge measurements (black triangle with tip up) and discharge measurements (black triangle with tip down) of FIG
- Li (Ni, Co, Mn) 0 2 which is coated with particulate ZnO (gray, upper curves) or uncoated (black, lower curves) at different C rates.
- FIG. 5 shows the modular structure of an electrode material 1 coated with hybrid polymer 2.
- Figure 6 shows the TEM image of the profile of a hybrid polymer coated Li (Ni, Co, Mn) 0 2 particle.
- FIG. 7 shows the detection of a complete hybrid polymer coating on Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O 2 by means of an ESCA depth profi le.
- FIG. 8 shows a conductivity measurement of a LiCl 4 -containing
- Hybrid polymer material (gray: measurement, black: fit the measurement).
- Figure 10 shows the DSC / TG measurements under argon atmosphere of
- FIG. 11 shows the cyclic voltammogram of a LiCl 4 -containing
- FIG. 12 shows charging measurements (triangles with tips upwards)
- Li (Mn, Ni) 2 0 discharge measurements triangles with peaks down) coated with hybrid polymer (gray, less pronounced curves) or uncoated (black, more sloping curves).
- Figure 13 shows the charging curves (top diagram) and discharge curves (bottom diagram) of Li (Mn, Ni) 2 O 4 coated with hybrid polymer (solid line gray curves) or uncoated (black Curves with dashed lines) of different cycles.
- FIG. 14 describes a particulate electrode material 1 with a nanostructured coating consisting of a crystalline, particulate inorganic material 2 and an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer 3.
- the coating has both electron-conducting and ion-conducting regions (see enlarged area).
- Example 1 experienced in making a nanostructured particulate coating on a particulate electrode material
- An example is the fine-grained zinc oxide coating on Li (Ni, Co, Mn) O 2 , consisting of tiny (d ⁇ 20 nm), almost identically sized and uniformly arranged zinc oxide crystallites.
- the preparation is possible via a modified Pechini-sol-gel process, a further development of a process for producing unstructured particle coatings:
- 1.34 g of zinc acetate are added first and then brought into solution by dropwise addition of 500 .mu.l nitric acid (10 mol / l).
- 2.57 g of citric acid and 30 g Poiyethylenglycol to set.
- Li to be coated are (Ni, Co, Mn) 0 2 in a further 100 ml of the solvent (water and ethanol in the ratio 1: 8) alternates dispersible.
- Li (Ni, Co, Mn) 0 2 particles of the coating solution to set.
- the mixture is then stirred for a further 24 hours.
- the coated particles are then centrifuged off and predried at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 hours. Thereafter, the coated particles are brought at a heating rate of 5 ° C per minute to a temperature of 600 ° C and sintered for 30 minutes.
- Example 2 Method of Making a Hybrid Polymeric Coating on a Particulate Electrode Material
- the solvent is spun off at 40 ° C and a pressure of 28 mbar.
- the flask is moved slowly on the argon-flushed rotary evaporator. After about 30 minutes at 40 ° C with the rotation started - up to a pressure of 12 mbar.
- Example 3 Process for producing a nanostructured particulate Coating and a hybrid polymer coating on a particulate electrode material
- Step 1 Synthesis of the e ⁇ -conductive coating of metal oxide crystallites
- Li ⁇ N i, Co, M n) 02 particles of the coating solution to set.
- the mixture is stirred for a further 24 hours.
- coated particles are then centrifuged off and predried at a temperature of 100 ° C. for 2 hours.
- the coated particles are brought at a heating rate of 5 ° C per minute to a temperature of 600 ° C and sintered for 30 minutes.
- Step 2 Synthesis of coating areas of Li + conductive hybrid polymer
- the solvent is evaporated off from the coating material at 40 ° C. and 28 mbar.
- Dimethyicarbonate and 0.9 g coating material! (optionally lithium salt or 0.01 g boron trifluoride ethylamine complex).
- the flask is moved slowly on the argon-purged rotary evaporator. After about 30 minutes at 40 ° C with the rotation started up to 12 mbar.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380060385.4A CN104812485A (zh) | 2012-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 具有结晶状无机材料和/或无机-有机杂化聚合物制成的涂层的微粒电极材料及其制备方法 |
| US14/442,716 US20160351909A1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | Particulate electrode material having a coating made of a crystalline inorganic material and/or an inorganic-organic hybrid polymer and method for the production thereof |
| JP2015542301A JP2016504711A (ja) | 2012-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | 結晶性無機材料及び/又は無機‐有機ハイブリッドポリマーから成るコーティングを有した粒子状電極材料及びその製造方法 |
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| DE102012022606.3A DE102012022606B4 (de) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Partikuläres Elektrodenmaterial mit einer Beschichtung aus einem kristallinen anorganischen Material und einem anorganisch-organischen Hybridpolymer und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102012022606.3 | 2012-11-19 | ||
| DE102012022604.7A DE102012022604B4 (de) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Partikuläres Elektrodenmaterial mit einer Beschichtung aus einem anorganisch-organischen Hybridpolymer und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102012022604.7 | 2012-11-19 | ||
| DE201210023279 DE102012023279A1 (de) | 2012-11-19 | 2012-11-19 | Partikuläres Elektrodenmaterial mit einer partikulären, nanostrukturierten Beschichtung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE102012023279.9 | 2012-11-19 |
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| CN105390679B (zh) * | 2015-11-27 | 2018-01-19 | 上海空间电源研究所 | 一种电容型锂离子电池正极复合材料及其制备方法 |
| US10734642B2 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2020-08-04 | Global Graphene Group, Inc. | Elastomer-encapsulated particles of high-capacity anode active materials for lithium batteries |
| DE102016208532A1 (de) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-23 | Schott Ag | Lithiumionenleitendes Verbundmaterial, umfassend wenigstens ein Polymer und lithiumionenleitende Partikel |
| KR101930130B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-12-17 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | 질소가 도핑된 탄소를 함유하는 양극 활물질층 및 보호막을 구비하는 금속-황 전지용 양극, 이의 제조방법 |
| CN106298257B (zh) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-07-24 | 深圳市贝特瑞新能源材料股份有限公司 | 一种高性能钛系氧化物、其制备方法及用途 |
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| CN101331630B (zh) * | 2006-05-23 | 2011-01-26 | 索尼株式会社 | 负极及其制造方法、以及电池及其制造方法 |
| JP2008235090A (ja) * | 2007-03-22 | 2008-10-02 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウムイオン二次電池用正極およびそれを用いたリチウムイオン二次電池 |
| EP2405510B1 (de) * | 2009-03-03 | 2015-11-25 | LG Chem, Ltd. | Lithiumsekundärbatterie mit positivelektrodenmaterialien von hoher energiedichte sowie organisch/anorganische mikroporöse verbundseparatormembran |
| DE102009036945B4 (de) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-10-11 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Mit einem organisch modifizierten (Hetero-)Kieselsäurepolykondensat beschichtete, einen metallischen, zur Wasserstoffspeicherung geeigneten Kern enthaltende Partikel, damit hergestellte Batterien sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung unter Verwendung der Partikel |
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- 2013-11-19 KR KR1020157016319A patent/KR20150088281A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-11-19 CN CN201380060385.4A patent/CN104812485A/zh active Pending
- 2013-11-19 JP JP2015542301A patent/JP2016504711A/ja active Pending
- 2013-11-19 WO PCT/EP2013/074177 patent/WO2014076304A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2013-11-19 US US14/442,716 patent/US20160351909A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US20110076556A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-31 | Deepak Kumaar Kandasamy Karthikeyan | Metal oxide coated positive electrode materials for lithium-based batteries |
| US20110111298A1 (en) | 2009-11-11 | 2011-05-12 | Lopez Herman A | Coated positive electrode materials for lithium ion batteries |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104812485A (zh) | 2015-07-29 |
| WO2014076304A3 (de) | 2014-08-07 |
| JP2016504711A (ja) | 2016-02-12 |
| US20160351909A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 |
| KR20150088281A (ko) | 2015-07-31 |
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