Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07K—PEPTIDES
  • C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • C07K14/475—Growth factors; Growth regulators
  • C07K14/495—Transforming growth factor [TGF]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/16—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/17—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
  • A61K38/18—Growth factors; Growth regulators
  • A61K38/1841—Transforming growth factor [TGF]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
  • A61K39/39—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the immunostimulating additives, e.g. chemical adjuvants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
  • A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
  • A61K47/60—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
  • A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
  • A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
  • A61K47/6801—Drug-antibody or immunoglobulin conjugates defined by the pharmacologically or therapeutically active agent
  • A61K47/6803—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates
  • A61K47/6811—Drugs conjugated to an antibody or immunoglobulin, e.g. cisplatin-antibody conjugates the drug being a protein or peptide, e.g. transferrin or bleomycin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/04—Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• TGF derived polypeptides and their uses
• the present invention relates to the branches of Biotechnology and Medicine. Particularly with the use of mutated variants of the TGFp molecule, antagonists of the signaling of their natural counterparts and the therapeutic application of these.
• TGFp cytokines were discovered for their ability to stimulate the formation of cell colonies (Roberts AB, and others, Proc Nati Acad Sci USA 78: 5339-43, 1981), because this process is a classic marker of cell transformation, this molecule was called Transforming Growth Factor beta.
• Today TGFp ligands (TGFpi, TGFP2, TGFP3) are recognized as the prototype of multifunctional growth factors. Almost any cell type in the body produces them and expresses its receptor complex.
• the signaling mediated by the TGF constitutes a very important regulation node.
• One of its most relevant functions is the maintenance of lymphocyte homeostasis and immunological tolerance, through the inhibition of the proliferation of virgin T cells induced by proper antigens in lymphogenic environments.
• This molecule also suppresses or alters the activation, maturation and differentiation of natural killer cells (Laouar, Y. and other Nature Immunol 6: 600-607, 2005), dendritic cells (Luo, X. and others, Proc. Nati Acad Sci. USA 104: 2821-2826, 2007; Bekeredjian-Ding, I.
• TGFP plays an essential role in the induction, differentiation and maintenance of natural and induced regulatory T cells (CD4 + Foxp3 +) and of the effector T population TCD4 + IL17 + (TH17)
• CD4 + Foxp3 + natural and induced regulatory T cells
• TH17 effector T population TCD4 + IL17 +
• Mature TGF ligands are homodimers of 112 amino acid residues. They derive of a precursor molecule formed by the latency-associated propeptide (LAP) towards the N-terminal end and the active domain towards the C-terminal end. Both domains are separated intracellularly by proteolysis, and the ligands are secreted as inactive precursors, formed by the dominance reversibly linked to the active domain, thus regulating their access to cellular receptors (Geoffrey D. Young and Joanne E. Murphy-Ullrich. JBC Vol. 279, No. 36: 38032-39, 2004). It has been postulated that the latency-associated pro-peptide is also important for mature domain secretion (Gray A. and A Mason Science 247: 1328-30, 1990).
• TGFpi TGF 2, TGF 3
• TGFpi TGF 2
• TGF 3 TGF 3
• Betaglycan is not expressed in all cell types, and although it is dispensable for signaling mediated by TGFpi and TGFP3 ligands, it constitutes a reservoir thereof when T3RII is saturated.
• T RIII complexes with the TPRI and T RH receptors presenting the ligand. These first bind to TpRH, and the TpRII / TGFp complex recruits and cooperatively activates and with high affinity, the TpRI receptor, resulting in the formation of a hetero-trimeric signaling complex.
• TGFP1 and TGFP3 can bind to TPRH with high affinity (5-30pM), while TGF-P2 can only do so in the presence of TpRIII (De Crescenzo, et al., J. Biol. Chem 279: 26013-18, 2004; De Crescenzo et al., J. Mol. Biol 328: 1173-1183, 2003; Groppe et al., Molecular Cell 29, 157-168, 2008).
• TGFpi, TGFP2 and TGFP3 ligands can bind to the other type II receptors, which are part of the same family of proteins to which TpRH belongs (Huang F and YG Chen Cell Biosc Mar 15; 2 : 9, 2012). In the meantime if they can do it with several of the type I receptors.
• ALK5 is classically described as the TpRI receptor of this subfamily of ligands. After recruitment into the TpRII / TGF-p complex, it induces phosphorylation of SMAD2 / 3 proteins (Huang F and YG Chen Cell Biosc; Mar 15; 2: 9, 2012).
• ALK1 is activated in response to the formation of the TGFp / TpRIl complex in endothelial cells, and signals by SMAD1 and SMAD5 (Goumans MJ et al., Mol Cell 12 (4): 817-28, 2003). In some epithelial cells, SMAD1 / 5 signaling is induced by the ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6 receptors (Daly AC et al., Mol Cell Biol, 28: 6889-6902, 2008). ALK2 is also associated with processes related to cardiovascular development in vivo (Olivey HE et al., Dev Dyn 235 (1): 50-9,
• TpRH and AL 5 are exclusive to the TGFpi, TGFP2 and TGFP3 family of ligands, while ALK1 / 2/6/3 are more promiscuous, also shared by bone morphogenetic activins and proteins ( Sebald W. et al., Biol Chem .; 385 (8): 697-710, 2004).
• ALK5-mediated signaling is associated with several pathogenic mechanisms in certain diseases.
• cancer for example, its role is complex and has to do with its ability to suppress or promote tumor progression. The first, mainly operates during early stages of tumorigenesis. While its role as a tumor progester occurs in advanced stages of carcinogenesis, through the induction of invasive and metastatic phenotypes, and the suppression of the antitumor immune response (Miyazono K. Nat. Rev. Cancer 10: 415-24, 2010; Miyazono K. Cancer Sci 101 (2): 306-12, 2010; Hawinkels LJ. And others, Growth Factors 29 (4): 140-52, 2011).
• TGFP also has a deleterious effect
• pathogens such as HIV, HBV, HCV, CMV, mycobacteria and the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.
• TGFp exerts a negative influence on the protective immune response, thereby benefiting the growth and survival of these intracellular pathogens (Reed GS. Microbes and Infection 1: 1313-1325, 1999).
• the overproduction of TGFp contributes to the pathological excess of fibrotic tissue, which compromises the normal function of the damaged organ.
• Some examples are pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyopathies, liver cirrhosis, systemic sclerosis, glomerular sclerosis and primary biliary cirrhosis, among others (Kopp JB and others, Microbes and Infection; 1: 1349- 1365, 1999).
• TGF signaling has been subject to multiple inhibition strategies. Most inhibitors have been evaluated in preclinical models, although some of these have begun to be tested in several types of cancer and fibrosis in clinical studies (Flavell RA. Nat Rev Immunol. 10 (8): 554-67, 2010; Connolly EC and others, Int J Biol Sci. 8 (7): 964-78, 2012; Hawinkels LJ. And others, Growth Factors 29 (4): 140-52, 2011).
• the following inhibition strategies can be found in the state of the art:
• the present invention is based on the scientific finding that mutated variants of the TGF3 family (TGFP1, TGFP2 and TGFP3) can inhibit the function of their natural counterparts.
• the inventors found for the first time in in vitro experiments that mutated variants of TGF can substantially inhibit signaling induced by native variants and thus neutralize their biological effects. This finding lays the foundation for a new strategy for modulating TGFP signaling in diseases such as cancer, fibrosis or infections. chronicles where TGFp ligands have deleterious activity.
• the present invention relates to polypeptides that share primary sequence with human TGFp, except that several amino acids have been mutated, eliminating or substantially reducing their ability to signal by the ALK5 type I receptor.
• These mutated variants of TGF maintain their binding capacity with high affinity to the TpRll and TpRIII receptor, but are unable to signal because they do not interact with the ALK5 type I receptor, negatively modulating the signaling of natural variants by competing with them for binding to the high affinity receptor TpRIl and TPRIII.
• the invention further includes the therapeutic applications of these mutated variants, alone or in combination with vaccines or other therapeutic modalities, for the therapy of diseases such as cancer, fibrosis or chronic infections where TGFp is relevant.
• the novelty of the present invention consists in providing a new therapeutic strategy to modulate TGFp signaling and thus modulate the invasive and metastatic capacity of several tumors and the activity of several cells of the immune system and connective tissue; in diseases where their functions reduce the protective immune response either natural or induced by vaccination or induce excessive tissue repair and fibrosis. None of the inhibition strategies mentioned above use muteins of TGFP ligands as signaling antagonists.
• the TGFp mutants of the present invention are practically own proteins and therefore of low immunogenicity, which minimizes the risk of antibody responses against it.
• the high specificity of the receptor system reduces unexpected toxicities (common in strategies based on small size inhibitors).
• TGF variants maintain TpRI1 receptor binding affinities at least in the order of affinity of native TGFpi and TGFP3 (6-10 pM). This affinity is difficult to overcome with inhibitor strategies of the receptor or ligand, with monoclonal antibodies or other drugs.
• the authors of the present invention found that these mutated variants of TGF retain the ability to interact with the TPRIII and TpRIl receptor, which constitutes an advantage over the TPRII-receptor antibodies, since the muteins block all possible binding sites of natural ligands to the cell surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.
• the present invention relates to polypeptides that antagonize the activity mediated by the ALK5 receptor, of the natural TGFp ligands and possess a homology greater than 90% with respect to the amino acid sequence of the natural TGFp ligands.
• the polypeptides of the present invention have at least one mutation in their primary amino acid sequence in one of the residues selected from the group consisting of Y6, W30, W32, 151, L51, Q67 and L10.
• the original amino acid residue is mutated by one of the amino acid residues that is selected from the group comprising;
• a for position 30 N, R, K, D, Q, L, S, P, V, I, G, C, T, A, E;
• the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of cancer, diseases that occur with fibrosis and chronic infectious diseases, characterized in that they contain one or a mixture of the polypeptides described in the present invention and a pharmaceutically suitable vehicle for application.
• Such polypeptides can be covalently linked to a transporter protein and this protein can be albumin or the Fe region of human immunoglobulins.
• the polypeptides of the present invention may be pegylated.
• the present invention relates to the use of the described polypeptides, for use in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition useful in the treatment of cancer, diseases that occur with fibrosis and chronic infectious diseases, as well as to enhance the cellular response and / or humoral to vaccines in substitution of native TGF especially when the vaccine to be potentiated is a therapeutic vaccine for cancer.
• the present invention relates to polypeptides of 112 amino acids in size. These polypeptides maintain a high sequence identity with the different native TGF molecules, more than 90% identity. In one area of their sequence, they include 1 to 6 mutations with respect to native TGF &. The residues that substitute the original residues are selected to possess physicochemical properties that are very different from the original amino acid, change of apolar residue by polar, loaded by not charged, large by small, acidic by basic.
• TGFP muteins polypeptides, which may also be called TGFP muteins, were designed from the three-dimensional structure of native TGF31, TGF32 and TGF 3 in complex with their TpRN and ALK5 receptors (deposited in the PDB database). Mutations were introduced only at the TGF3 positions that correspond to amino acids significantly exposed to the solvent and that are part of the ALK5 receptor binding zone but not T3RII. These residues are predicted as important in the interaction with ALK5 using public domain bioinformatics programs. The following table shows the residues of the ALK5 binding interface that are predicted as important in the interaction and the possible mutations that affect the binding. With these results, a database of theoretical muteins was prepared and those with the greatest antagonistic potency in vitro were selected. Table 1: TGFP sequence amino acids important for interaction with TPRI / ALK5 and mutations that according to the theoretical prediction should destabilize the binding.
• polypeptides of this invention can be obtained by different routes, among others, by chemical protein synthesis. They could also be obtained by genetic engineering techniques, for example by expressing them as inclusion bodies in bacteria such as E. coli or in mammalian cells such as CHO and HEK293 using any transfection protocol collected in the prior art. Point mutations at specific positions could also be obtained by directed mutagenesis techniques by polymerase chain reaction.
• polypeptides of the present invention were selected from the experiments in vitro and or in vivo to simultaneously possess the following properties:
• mutated variants of the TGFP also referred to as muteins in the present invention, maintain their ability to bind to the TpRII receptor.
• This binding capacity can be assessed directly by an ELISA assay against the commercially available TPRII receptor chain, or indirectly on receptor positive cell populations.
• the recognition levels of the TpRII receptor should be comparable with those of the native TGFP.
• TGFp ligands TGFpl, TGFP2, TGFP3
• TPRII receptor TGFp ligands
• TGFP lose or substantially reduce their ability to signal by the TpRI receptor.
• This property can be directly assessed in Western immunodetection assays by quantifying phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 levels in lysates of murine 4T1 and human MDA-MB231 murine cells treated with muteins or with native TGFP. These muteins must induce phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 at least 100 times less than the native TGF.
• the aforementioned property can also be evaluated in vitro in IL-2-induced proliferation inhibition assays in the CTLL-2 cell line. These mutants must possess an inhibitory activity that is at least 100 times lower than that of native TGF.
• TGFf ⁇ TGF ligands
• TGFfil TGF 2, TGF 3
• This property can be directly evaluated in Western immunodetection assays by quantifying phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 levels in lysates of murine 4T1 and human DA-MB231 murine cells treated with the muteins and with native TGF3.
• mutein concentrations between 50ng / mL-10pg / mL, they must exhibit an ability to inhibit at least 100 times the signaling induced by commercial ligands.
• TGF TGF-like growth factor
• mutated variants of TGF have antitumor effect in vitro. They can inhibit the migration of several tumor cell lines treated or not treated with the native ligand.
• An example of these is the murine line 4T1 and the human line MDA-MB231.
• these muteins must be able to statistically significantly inhibit the migration of tumor cells.
• TGF TGF-like growth factor
• Treg foxp3 + or TH17 phenotypes induced by their natural counterparts This property can be directly evaluated in in vitro assays of induction of Treg and TH17 cells. In a range of concentrations of the muteins between 50ng / mL- ⁇ g / mL, they must exhibit an ability to inhibit at least 100 times the signaling induced by commercial ligands.
• TGFp TGFp
• mutated variants of TGFp have antitumor effect in vivo. They can inhibit in vivo tumor growth and metastatic capacity of several tumor lines in a transplantable tumor model. This property can be evaluated using an orthotopic primary tumor model, of the 4T1 breast line in BALB / c mice and of the MDA-MB231 human tumor line in immunodeficient mice. These muteins should cause a statistically significant reduction in tumor size and the number of lung metastases compared to the control group treated with PBS.
• TGFp have the ability to increase the response in vivo Immune antitumor natural or vaccination-induced in a transplantable tumor model. This property can be evaluated using a model of orthotopic primary tumor, of the 4T1 breast line and subcutaneous of the CT26 colon tumor line, in BALB / c mice. These muteins should increase the cytolytic activity and cytokine secretion of the cells. natural killers and CD8 + T cells. They should increase the activity of dendritic cells and CD4 + TH1 standard T cells and should significantly reduce the number of regulatory T cells and myeloid suppressor cells and their protumoral activity.
• the present invention comprises additional modifications of the muteins of which they could mean producing the mature domain lacking LAP, without affecting its secretion. This implies that muteins can be obtained in their active form for interaction with JR ⁇ . What results in simplification of the productive process.
• the present invention relates to additional modifications of the TGF3 muteins that increase their half-life.
• modifications are the fusion of any of the immunomodulatory polypeptides described above to a transporter protein that may be albumin or the Fe region of human immunoglobulins, pegylation among others.
• the present invention relates to mutated variants of TGF (specific mutations referred to in Table 2) fused to a Fe fragment of a human lgG1, which has been selected to show the properties referred to above.
• the Fe region selected for coupling has a set of mutations (ala234, ala235) in the Cy2 domain that prevent it from interacting with Fe gamma receptors, except for the neonatal one, thus silencing its ability to induce immune effector mechanisms (Labrijn AF et al., Curr Opin Immunol. Aug; 20 (4): 479-85, 2008. Epub 2008 Jul 9).
• muteins include multiple amino acid substitutions that significantly reduce their ability to signal by ALK5. However, they keep intact their ability to bind to T RIl and TpRIII, gaining inhibitory abilities of native ⁇ activity.
• Table 2 Mutant constructed, referring to the mutation according to the human TGFp numbering.
• the present invention also comprises additional modifications of the TGFP muteins, either to increase their affinity for TpRIl and ⁇ 7 but without affecting or even improving their inhibitor character; or to improve your pharmacodynamics in vivo with the increase in life time.
• additional mutations could be obtained by rational design with bioinformatics tools, or using combinatorial molecular libraries of different nature (phage libraries, gene expression libraries in yeast or bacteria).
• This invention further includes pharmaceutical compositions comprising as active ingredient the TGFp muteins and their analogs or the fusion proteins disclosed by the present invention, as well as their possible therapeutic applications with the aim of modulating the invasive and metastatic capacity of various tumors and the activity of several cells of the immune system and connective tissue, in diseases where their functions reduce the protective immune response either natural or induced by vaccination or induce excessive tissue repair and fibrosis.
• the polypeptides of the present invention should be administered to a disease-bearing subject independently or in combination with other polypeptides or with other substances that facilitate or enhance their therapeutic action.
• the route of administration may be any of the routes of administration described in the prior art for parenteral drug administration. It may preferably be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intratumorally.
• the fusion polypeptides or proteins described by the present invention can also be administered as part of a pharmaceutical composition useful in the therapy of cancer, diseases that occur with fibrosis and in chronic infectious diseases.
• a pharmaceutical composition useful in the therapy of cancer, diseases that occur with fibrosis and in chronic infectious diseases.
• the present invention encompasses compositions, including pharmaceutical compositions, comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• compositions include pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
• Pharmaceutically acceptable include, but are not limited to, saline, sterile water, phosphate buffered saline, and the like.
• Other buffering agents, dispersed agents, and non-toxic inert substances suitable for delivery to a patient may be included in the compositions of the present invention.
• the compositions may be appropriate solutions for administration, and are normally sterile and free of undesirable particles.
• the present invention also relates to treatment methods comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the polypeptides, fusion proteins or compositions described in the present invention to subjects with cancer, diseases that occur with fibrosis or chronic infectious diseases.
• the subject is a human.
• the fusion polypeptides or proteins described by the present invention can also be administered in combination with traditional cancer therapies (chemotherapy and radiotherapy) as an enhancer of their effect.
• the polypeptides of the present invention should be administered at doses high enough to guarantee a concentration thereof in the lymph node or peripheral site relevant to the disease under study, which is in the range of concentrations for the which mutein shows an inhibitory effect of native TGFp.
• the dose in question should therefore be adjusted for the type of disease and route of administration under study.
• the dose must be adjusted to achieve concentrations of the mutant inside the tumor and / or in the loco-regional lymph node that guarantee its inhibitory effect.
• the dose ranges to be explored can vary between 1.25-20 mg / Kg / weekly or biweekly dose.
• the number of administrations to be applied must also adjust to the biodistribution of the mutein in question.
• the aforementioned effective concentrations must be sustained for a time ranging from 2 days to 30 consecutive days. If the mutein is coupled to a transporter protein, the frequency of administration thereof must be adjusted accordingly.
• the present invention provides, for example, simultaneous, staggered, or alternate treatment.
• the compound (s) of the invention can be administered at the same time in separate pharmaceutical compositions, and where a compound of the invention can be administered before or after the other anticancer agent, for example, with a difference of seconds, minutes, hours, days or weeks.
• Therapeutic action should be understood as the total or partial remission of the symptoms of the disease.
• the decrease in tumor volume or the increase in relapse time will be, among others, the criteria for disease remission.
• TGF3 signaling The advantages of this new therapeutic strategy with respect to other proposals to modulate TGF3 signaling would be multiple. For example: ⁇ TGF mutants are practically own proteins (except for a few mutations) and therefore of low immunogenicity. This factor minimizes the risk of antibody responses against it.
• TGF variants maintain binding affinities to the TJiRll receptor at least in the order of affinity of native TGF31 and TGF 3 (6-10 pM). This affinity is difficult to overcome with inhibitor strategies of the receptor or ligand, with monoclonal antibodies or other drugs. .
• TGF3 are smaller in size than monoclonal antibodies and that Fe-coupled receptors, which in the therapeutic scenario of cancer diseases will guarantee better tumor penetrability than the drugs described above that inhibit TGFp signaling.
• TGF variants inhibit the signaling of any ligand that signals by the TpRII T3RI receptor system (ALK5), which is a theoretical advantage over pan-ligand antibodies, since these are directed only to known TGFp isoforms, if if there are other these antibodies may not inhibit them.
• ALK5 TpRII T3RI receptor system
• Binding to a Fe fragment increases the half-life of the muteins, which would give it an advantage over small drugs, since the doses and their frequency would be lower. This reduces unexpected toxicities.
• FIG. 1 Western immunodetection assay of mutein G_M1 and native TGF.
• the SDS-PAGE of these proteins was performed under non-reducing and reducing conditions and stained with a human 8 ⁇ - ⁇ 1 antibody.
• the first band corresponds to a low molecular weight pattern
• the second band to the G_M1 mutein
• the third band corresponds to the native TGF31 and the fourth to the irrelevant hR3 antibody.
• FIG. 1 Evaluation by ELISA assay of the recognition of the TpRll receptor by the G_M1 mutein.
• the irrelevant hR3 antibody was used as a negative control.
• G_M1 mutein retains its ability to bind to the TpRI receptor, which is similar to that of native TGF i.
• FIG. 3 Proliferation inhibition assay in the IL-2-dependent cell line, CTLL-2, induced by mutated or native TGF3. It is shown that the ability of mutein to inhibit the proliferation of the CTLL-2 cell line is much less than that of native human TGF and i. The Data were expressed as mean percent inhibition of 3 independent experiments.
• Figure 4. Assay to evaluate the ability of the G_M1 mutein to neutralize the inhibition of the IL-2-dependent cell line, CTLL-2, induced by native TGFpi. The figure shows the average percentage of cell proliferation of 3 independent experiments.
• Mutein G_M1 inhibits the migration of the 4T1 tumor line in vitro. Photos of the healing were taken at different time intervals as indicated in the figure which shows that the healing is less at each time point when the cells are treated with the mutein. Figure 6. Mutein G_M1 inhibits the differentiation / conversion of virgin CD4 + CD25-Foxp3-T cells to the CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory cell phenotype induced by native TGF. The percentage of regulatory T cells recovered from the T cell culture is reduced to almost completely decreases when the cells are incubated with 500 ng / ml of the mutein. This concentration is only 30 times higher than that of the recombinant human TGFpi that is used for the induction of the conversion. EXAMPLES
• the muteins were computationally designed, based on bioinformatics techniques, using as a basis the reported structure of the ternary complex of human TGF 1 and TGF33 with the TGFp receptor.
• the binding energy of native isoforms and all possible mutated variants was determined using public domain bioinformatic programs.
• the G_M1 mutein was expressed in CHO-K1 cells from a genetic construct in the plW lentiviral vector and the hinge region and Cy2 and Cy3 domains of a human lgG1 and a histine tail were included at the C-terminal end. .
• G_M1 was purified by affinity chromatography with protein A ( Figure 1) and a high purity (> 95%) was obtained.
• Example 3 The G_M1 mutein has a reduced ability to signal through the T RI receptor (ALK5) and therefore to mimic the biological activity of the native TGF.
• the inhibition of IL-2-dependent CTLL-2 cell line proliferation induced by mutant or native TGF was compared. 5000 cells / well of the CTLL-2 line were stimulated with 50 U / ml of commercial IL-2 and certain concentrations of commercial rTGF or mutein G_M1 for 48 hours. Later, the alamar blue reagent was added to the culture and the reduction was measured at 540 and 630 nm. The G_M1 mutein was unable to inhibit the proliferation of the CTLL-2 line, at least at 200 times higher concentrations than the commercial ⁇ used as a positive control of the experiment ( Figure 3), so that the ability of said mutein to inhibit the Proliferation of inhibiting cell proliferation of the CTLL-2 line is much smaller than that of commercial TGFpi.
• Example 4 Mutein G_M1 is an antagonist of TGFp signaling in vitro.
• the neutralizing effect caused by mutein is similar to that obtained by antibody 3 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1, which was used as a positive control of the experiment.
• Example 5 Mutein G_ 1 has anti-tumor effect in vitro.
• the ability of the G_M1 mutein to inhibit the migration of the murine tumor line 4T1 was evaluated in an in vitro assay, using the wound method in the monolayer of adherent cells (Liang CC et al., Nat Protoc. 2 (2)): 329-33, 2007).
• the confluent cells were injured by scraping the monolayer with a sterile pipette and the G_M1 mutein or commercial TQFP1 (negative control), were added to the well.
• Figure 5 shows that the closing speed is significantly reduced (p ⁇ 0.05 Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn post-test at each time point) when the cells are treated with the mutein.
• Example 6 The G_M1 mutein inhibits the differentiation of conventional virgin T cells.
• the population of CD4 + CD25-GITR- virgin cells from the spleen of 4 C57 / BL6 mice was purified by flow cytometry. 5x10 4 of these cells were stimulated with 5 ng / mL of IL-2 and 5 ng / mL of TGF, in the presence of 3 pg / mL of anti-C03 attached to the plate and 3 pg / mL of soluble anti-CD28. Mutein was evaluated at concentrations of 250 and 500 ng / mL. Under these conditions the conversion rate to induced regulatory T cells was 55.6%. The percentage of Foxp3 + regulatory T cells recovered in the presence or absence of the mutein was measured. Figure 6 shows how the percentage of regulatory T cells recovered in the T cell culture is reduced to almost 0 in the presence of the G_M1 mutein.

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