WO2014045401A1 - 無線通信装置および無線通信システム - Google Patents
無線通信装置および無線通信システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014045401A1 WO2014045401A1 PCT/JP2012/074223 JP2012074223W WO2014045401A1 WO 2014045401 A1 WO2014045401 A1 WO 2014045401A1 JP 2012074223 W JP2012074223 W JP 2012074223W WO 2014045401 A1 WO2014045401 A1 WO 2014045401A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/715—Interference-related aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
- H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
- H04B1/715—Interference-related aspects
- H04B2001/7154—Interference-related aspects with means for preventing interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
- H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication device and a wireless communication system.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an FHSS system that realizes efficient communication by temporally dividing a frame used for transmission into a non-collision access part controlled by a base station and a random access part where a collision occurs.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for improving reliability by “continuous transmission” in which the same data as FHSS is transmitted a plurality of times.
- interference resistance can be improved in the same system or under the control of a single base station.
- an environment in which completely different systems coexist such as the ISM band.
- wireless LAN Local Area Network
- IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a wireless communication apparatus and a wireless communication system capable of realizing highly reliable communication even in an environment where an interference source exists.
- the present invention controls frequency hopping for changing a frequency channel for each predetermined switching period, and indicates hopping for instructing a frequency channel to be used for communication for each switching period.
- a control unit a carrier sense unit that performs carrier sense of a frequency channel to be used for each allocation unit obtained by dividing the switching period, and interference avoidance that determines transmission timing in the allocation unit based on the result of the carrier sense
- a timing control unit a continuous transmission control unit that duplicates transmission data to generate a plurality of identical data, and a scheduler that allocates a different communication time zone to each communication partner for each of the allocation units.
- Communication time zone allocation result, transmission timing, and hopping control unit Based on instructions and, the same data generated from the same transmission data transmitted to the communication partner, respectively in different said switching period, and notifies the allocation result to the communication partner.
- the wireless communication apparatus and the wireless communication system according to the present invention have an effect that highly reliable communication can be realized even in an environment where an interference source exists.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a wireless communication system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame format used in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the base station according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the mobile station according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relationship between interference and packet transmission from the base station.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a base station according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the FH pattern according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frequency channel selection method according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a wireless communication system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame format used in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a base station according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of frame and slot start timings of two base stations in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of transmission timing according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a first embodiment of a wireless communication system according to the present invention.
- the radio communication system according to the present embodiment includes base stations 1-1 to 1-3 that are radio communication devices installed beside a track, and trains that each have a mobile station that runs on the track and is a radio communication device. 4 and 5.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are arranged at a certain interval so that communication with a train traveling on the track can be continuously maintained.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are connected to each other via a backbone line (inter-base station network) 2 and can send and receive information via the command center 3 and the backbone line 2.
- the wireless communication system of the present embodiment constitutes a train control system, and transmits and receives information for control such as train operation.
- Each of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 performs wireless communication with a train in its own cell, transmits information received from the train to the command center 3, and transmits information transmitted from the command center 3 to the train. By doing so, information transmission between the command center 3 and the train is realized.
- the trains 4 and 5 change their positions as they travel, but maintain information transmission with the command center 3 by switching the communication partner base stations 1-1 to 1-3.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of interference sources for communication between the train 5 (mobile station mounted on the train 5) and the base stations 1-1 to 1-3.
- interference sources that use the same frequency band as the communication between the train 5 and the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are located inside the train 5, around the train 5, and around the base station 1-3. Exists and interferes with communication between the base station and the train.
- wireless LAN communication is an interference source, but the interference source is not limited to this.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frame format used in the present embodiment.
- One frame is time-divided into a downlink that is communication from the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 to the train and an uplink that is communication from the train to the base stations 1-1 to 1-3.
- the downlink and uplink are each divided into a plurality of slots (allocation units), and different information is allocated.
- Bch broadcast slot
- the downlink slot indicating the downlink time zone is composed of a broadcast slot and slots D1 to D8, and the uplink slot indicating the uplink time zone is composed of slots U1 to U8.
- the update period of train control information is longer than the frame period of wireless transmission. For this reason, it is possible to transmit a some flame
- five frames can be transmitted in one train control information update cycle.
- FIG. 2 is an example, and the number of frames that can be transmitted in one train control information update cycle is not limited to this example.
- the same train control information is transmitted multiple times in multiple frames (continuous transmission).
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which one train control information is transmitted five times (five continuous transmissions), the number of continuous transmissions is not limited to this.
- frequency hopping FH (Frequency Hopping)
- FH Frequency Hopping
- the same data is transmitted using a plurality of frequency channels.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 according to the present embodiment.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 include encoding units 11 and 13, a continuous transmission control unit 12, a timing control unit 14, a modulation unit 15, an FH control unit (hopping control unit) 16, A high frequency unit 17, an amplifier 18, a demodulation unit 19, a carrier sense unit 20, an error correction unit 21, the same packet deletion unit 22, a scheduler 23, and an antenna 24 are provided.
- Encoder 11 encodes transmission data S1 to each train in its own cell to generate encoded data S2.
- the continuous transmission control unit 12 duplicates the encoded data S2 into a plurality of transmission packets S3 and controls continuous transmission.
- the scheduler unit 23 allocates data to the time-divided uplink and downlink slots, and generates broadcast information / frame configuration information S4.
- the frame configuration information is information indicating a frame configuration, and includes data destination information for each slot.
- the encoding unit 13 encodes the broadcast information / frame configuration information S4 generated by the scheduler 23 to generate a transmission packet S5.
- the timing control unit 14 Based on the frame configuration information from the scheduler 23, the timing control unit 14 outputs the transmission packet information S6 in each slot to the transmission timing of the transmission packets S3 and S5 (output timing to the modulation unit 15) to the modulation unit 15. Further, the timing control unit 14 controls the reception timing of the received packet addressed to the own station based on the frame configuration information, and corrects the received packet S13 addressed to the own station out of the demodulated signal S12 generated by the demodulator 19. To the unit 21.
- the modulation unit 15 modulates the transmission packet information S6 in each slot, and outputs a baseband modulation signal S7 based on the carrier sense information S11 input from the carrier sense unit 11.
- the high frequency unit 17 Based on the frequency control information S8 from the FH control unit 16, the high frequency unit 17 converts the baseband modulation signal S7 into a high frequency signal S9a having an RF (Radio Frequency) frequency designated by the frequency control information S8 during transmission, At the time of reception, the high frequency signal S9b received by the antenna 24 is converted into a baseband reception signal S10.
- the amplifier 18 amplifies the high frequency signal S9a and outputs it to the antenna 24.
- the antenna 24 radiates the amplified high-frequency signal S9a as a radio wave, receives the radio wave, and outputs it as a high-frequency signal S9b to the high-frequency unit 17.
- the demodulator 19 demodulates the baseband received signal S10 to generate a demodulated signal S12.
- the carrier sense unit 20 observes the baseband received signal S10, and generates carrier sense information S11 indicating whether a signal having a strength of a predetermined value or more exists based on the observation result.
- the error correction unit 21 performs error correction on the reception packet S13 to generate reception information S14.
- the same packet deletion unit 22 deletes the redundant portion of the continuously received reception information S14 and generates a final demodulator output S15. For example, when five consecutive transmissions are made, the data that has been correctly corrected among the five identical data is selected as the demodulator output S15, the other four identical data are deleted, and the error among the five identical data is detected. When there are a plurality of corrections that have been correctly performed, one of them is used as a demodulator output S15, and the other identical data is deleted.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the mobile station according to the present embodiment.
- the mobile station of this embodiment is mounted on trains 4 and 5.
- 4, constituent elements having the same functions as those of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 shown in FIG. 3 are assigned the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
- the mobile station has a configuration in which the scheduler 23 and the encoding unit 13 are deleted from the configuration of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 in FIG. 3, and a broadcast channel analysis unit (analysis unit) 25 is added.
- the broadcast channel analysis unit 25 analyzes broadcast channel information in the demodulator output S15, generates transmission / reception timing information (communication time zone allocation result) of the own station, and FH frequency information S20, and transmits the transmission / reception timing information.
- the scheduler unit 23 performs scheduling for each train (mobile station mounted on each train) accommodated in its own cell, and determines the slot used by each train for the downlink and the acknowledgment.
- broadcast information is generated. That is, interference between mobile stations is prevented by assigning a communication time zone to each mobile station in the same cell in a time division manner.
- the broadcast information includes frequency hopping information (frequency hopping pattern and switching timing) managed by the FH control unit 16.
- the encoding unit 11 encodes the transmission data S1 for each train obtained from the command center 3 via the backbone line 2, and the continuous transmission control unit 12 performs a duplication process for continuous transmission and transmission.
- a packet S3 is generated.
- the timing control unit 14 allocates the transmission packet S3 for each train to each slot based on the frame configuration information from the scheduler 23, and sends the transmission packet information S6 to the modulation unit 15.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the relationship between interference and packet transmission from the base stations 1-1 to 1-3.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 perform carrier sense in each assigned downlink slot and confirm the end of wireless LAN transmission (carrier sense clear) before train Send information for.
- a time point when it is confirmed that there is no transmission (interference) from another station for a certain time is determined as the transmission timing of the slot. For example, after clearing the carrier sense, when it is confirmed that there is no transmission (interference) from other stations over the time length of SIFS (Short Interframe Space) or more and PIFS (PCF (Point Coordination Function) Interframe Space) or less Execute transmission of own station. This is for avoiding interference from the wireless LAN and obtaining the right to use the channel prior to other wireless LAN transmitting stations. Since the values of SIFS and PIFS differ depending on the wireless LAN system, this standby time is determined in consideration of the type of wireless LAN used in the vicinity.
- SIFS Short Interframe Space
- PIFS PCF (Point Coordination Function) Interframe Space
- the slot length is set longer than the transmission packet length.
- Non-Patent Document 2 for SIFS and PIFS. Even if the time during which a transmission packet can be transmitted in the slot (the time obtained by subtracting the time required to transmit the transmission packet from the end time of the slot) is exceeded, there is no transmission from other stations for a certain period of time. If it cannot be confirmed, transmission in that slot is not performed.
- the carrier sense unit 10 performs carrier sense and generates carrier sense information S11. Based on the carrier sense information S ⁇ b> 11, the modulation unit 15 generates a modulation signal S ⁇ b> 7 at a transmission timing that avoids interference with other systems as described above, and sends the modulation signal S ⁇ b> 7 to the high frequency unit 17.
- the FH control unit 16 manages the frequency hopping pattern and switching timing to be used for each of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3, and the switching timing is based on the managed information. Every time, frequency control information S8 for designating an RF frequency is output to the high frequency unit 17.
- the high frequency unit 17 converts the baseband modulation signal S7 into the designated high frequency band high frequency signal S9a based on the frequency control information S8.
- the high frequency signal S ⁇ b> 9 a is amplified by the amplification unit 18 and transmitted from the antenna 24.
- the modulation unit 15 has a function of obtaining transmission timing for avoiding interference with other systems as described above based on the carrier sense information S11. That is, based on the carrier sense information S11, the modulation unit 15 has a function as an interference avoidance timing control unit that obtains a transmission timing for avoiding interference with other systems as described above.
- an interference avoidance timing control unit may be provided separately from the modulation unit 15, and the modulation unit 15 may send the modulation signal S 7 to the high frequency unit 17 based on an instruction from the interference avoidance timing control unit.
- the demodulator 19 demodulates the baseband received signal S10 converted by the high frequency unit 17 and generates a demodulated signal S12.
- the timing control unit 14 determines the reception timing for the local station based on the frame configuration information, selects the reception packet S13 for the local station from the demodulated signal S12 based on the reception timing, and outputs the received packet S13 to the error correction unit 21.
- the error correction unit 21 performs error correction processing on the received packet S13 to generate reception information S14, and the same packet deletion unit 22 deletes redundant packets due to continuous transmission from the reception information S14, and the final demodulator An output S15 is generated.
- the operation of the mobile station is almost the same as that of the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 except that its own transmission / reception timing information and FH frequency information S20 are obtained from the broadcast information from the base stations 1-1 to 1-3.
- the operation is similar. That is, in the mobile station, the broadcast information from the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 is analyzed by the broadcast channel analysis unit 25, and the slot numbers assigned to the own station and the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are used. FH frequency information S20 such as an FH pattern is obtained. Based on these information, similarly to the base stations 1-1 to 1-3, interference with other systems is avoided by carrier sense, and transmission / reception with the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 is performed.
- the train control information update cycle and the number of continuous transmissions need not be the same for all trains, and may be adaptively changed for each train according to the urgency and severity of transmission information. Moreover, you may set different continuous transmission frequency for every link about the same train.
- 3 and 4 show an example in which information is continuously transmitted (replicated) after the same encoding is performed, the original transmitted information is the same for the continuously transmitted information. After the transmission information is duplicated, different coding may be applied to each duplicated transmission information, or different modulation schemes may be applied to each duplicated transmission information for transmission.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are time-shared to the mobile stations in the own cell.
- the communication time is allocated, the same transmission data is continuously transmitted, frequency hopping is performed, carrier sense is performed within the frequency hopping switching period, and transmission of the own station is performed after the carrier sense is cleared.
- uncontrollable interference such as in the ISM band
- by changing the update period and the number of continuous transmissions of the train control information to be transmitted according to the importance of the information it is possible to construct a wireless line having a plurality of reliability levels in one wireless system.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the base station according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the base station of this embodiment includes an encoding unit 11, a continuous transmission control unit 12, a timing control unit 14, a modulation unit 15, an FH control unit 16, a high frequency unit 17, a demodulation unit 19, and a carrier.
- Transmission / reception modules 30-1 to 30-3 each including a sense unit 20, an error correction unit 21, and an identical packet deletion unit 22, a scheduler 23, an encoding unit 13, a synthesis unit 26, an amplification unit 18, and an antenna 24 And comprising.
- the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are the base stations of the present embodiment
- the mobile stations mounted on the trains 4 and 5 are the mobile stations of the present embodiment. Is the same as in the first embodiment. Components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and redundant description is omitted. Hereinafter, a description will be given centering on differences from the first embodiment.
- communication is performed using a single FH pattern.
- communication capacity is increased by performing communication using a plurality of FH (frequency hopping) patterns. .
- FH patterns since three types of FH patterns are used, three transmission / reception modules are provided.
- the number of FH patterns is not limited to this, and any number of FH patterns may be used, and a module corresponding to each FH pattern may be provided.
- a highly reliable and large capacity communication system can be realized by using a plurality of FH patterns. Even when a plurality of FH patterns are used, it is possible to construct a radio line having a plurality of reliability levels by increasing or decreasing the number of continuous transmissions.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the FH pattern according to the present embodiment.
- two types of FH patterns patterns a and b, are used.
- Pattern a and pattern b are determined to use different frequency channels at the same time. In this way, if two types of FH patterns are used to transmit different transmission data in patterns a and b, the transmittable communication capacity is doubled as compared with the case of using a single FH pattern.
- the FH pattern may be determined so that different frequency channels are used at the same time, and is not limited to the example of FIG. Similarly, when there are three or more FH patterns, it is determined that different frequency channels are used at the same time.
- the scheduler unit 23 divides each frame of a plurality of FH patterns into a plurality of slots as in the first embodiment, and assigns a slot to each train in the own cell according to the amount of information and importance necessary for each train.
- the combination of the number and the FH pattern is allocated, the allocated result is used as frame configuration information, and broadcast information / frame configuration information S4 is output to the encoding unit 13.
- the notification information includes a plurality of FH patterns and switching timing information.
- Encoding section 13 outputs transmission packet S5 obtained by encoding broadcast information / frame configuration information S4 to transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3, respectively.
- Each of the transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 corresponds to each of the three FH patterns, and performs communication by adjusting the transmission timing according to the allocation information S5.
- the operations in each of the transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, 30-3 are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the high frequency signal S9a output from the high frequency unit 17 of each of the transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, 30-3 is synthesized by the synthesis unit 26, amplified by the amplifier 18, and then sent to the antenna 24.
- the high-frequency signal S9b received by the antenna 24 is branched into three and input to the transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3, respectively.
- the mobile station mounted on the trains 4 and 5 has the same configuration as the base station shown in FIG. 6, but the broadcast channel analysis unit instead of the scheduler 23 and the encoding unit 13 as in FIG. 4 of the first embodiment. 25.
- the broadcast channel analysis unit 25 analyzes broadcast channel information (broadcast information) and outputs frame configuration information to the timing control unit 14 of the corresponding transmission / reception modules 30-1 to 30-3 for each FH pattern.
- the pattern and switching timing are output to the corresponding FH control unit 16 of the transmission / reception modules 30-1 to 30-3.
- the broadcast channel analysis unit 25 performs the frame configuration of the pattern # 1.
- the information is output to the timing control unit 14 of the transmission / reception module 30-1, and the FH pattern of pattern # 1 and the switching timing are output to the FH control unit 16 of the transmission / reception module 30-1.
- the transmission timing in each slot needs to be the same for all FH patterns. This is because the transmission timing is different from the carrier sense timing, and the carrier sense of another FH pattern may become active due to the transmission of a certain FH pattern. Therefore, in this embodiment, unlike Embodiment 1, when it is confirmed that carrier sense is not applied for a period longer than SIFS in the frequency channel used in all FH patterns, transmission is performed at the same timing between FH patterns. .
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which the amplifier 18 and the antenna 24 are shared by a plurality of FH patterns, and the high-frequency unit 17 is provided independently in each transmission / reception module, but a plurality of transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2,
- the high-frequency unit 17 may be shared between 30-3, and signal synthesis and separation of the transmission / reception modules 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 may be performed by baseband digital signal processing.
- a plurality of FH patterns are used, and a transmission / reception operation similar to that of the first embodiment is performed in each FH pattern. Therefore, it is possible to construct a communication system that achieves both high reliability and large capacity.
- the time direction the number of continuous transmissions and the number of slots
- it is possible to assign the frequency direction the number of FH patterns), so it is possible to set wireless lines with more various reliability.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frequency channel selection method according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the radio communication system of the present embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment, and the configurations of the base station and the mobile station are also the same as those of the second embodiment.
- Embodiment 2 it is possible to increase the transmission speed by using a plurality of FH patterns, but it is necessary to clear the carrier sense in a plurality of channels, and there are restrictions on transmission opportunities.
- a method for minimizing the decrease in transmission opportunities is disclosed.
- the frequency of highly correlated signals that are transmitted from other systems simultaneously on multiple frequency channels Should be selected.
- an IEEE 802 wireless LAN is a major interference source, so there is a high possibility that interference occurs in units of 18 to 22 MHz, which is the bandwidth of the wireless LAN. Therefore, when using a plurality of FH patterns, as shown in FIG. 8, transmission is performed by selecting an FH pattern that uses a frequency channel within a certain bandwidth (for example, within a 22 MHz bandwidth) at the same time. Suppression of opportunity reduction can be realized.
- ISM band channel numbers 1, 6, 11, and 14 near 2.4 GHz are often used as the center frequency. That is, a plurality of frequency channels used at the same time by a plurality of FH channels in the same range among the ranges within 22 MHz centered around ch1 (2412 MHz), ch6 (2437 MHz), ch11 (2462 MHz), and ch14 (2484 MHz). It is effective to select the FH pattern so that all of. By configuring in this way, at the same time, if the carrier sense is cleared in the frequency channel used in any one of the plurality of FH patterns, the carrier sense may be cleared in all the FH patterns. The transmission opportunity can be increased as compared with the second embodiment.
- the FH patterns are selected so that the frequency channels used by the respective FH patterns at the same time fall within a certain bandwidth. For this reason, the transmission opportunity can be increased compared with the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the fourth embodiment of the base station according to the present invention.
- the base station according to the present embodiment is the same as the base station 1 according to the first embodiment except that a timing recovery unit 27 is added to the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 according to the first embodiment. Same as -1 to 1-3.
- the radio communication system of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the base stations 1-1 to 1-3 are the base stations of the present embodiment.
- Components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and redundant description is omitted.
- a description will be given centering on differences from the first embodiment.
- the timing recovery unit 27 of the present embodiment is connected to the backbone line 2 that connects the base stations, receives the time synchronization signal S40 from the backbone line 2, and based on the time simultaneous signal S40, the base station operation timing pulse S41. Is generated.
- the time synchronization signal S40 transmitted from the backbone line 2 may be transmitted from, for example, a time synchronization server (not shown) connected to the backbone line 2, or transmitted from the command center 3. Also good.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of frame and slot start timings of two base stations (base station a and base station b) in the present embodiment.
- the base stations a and b use the time synchronization signal S40 supplied from the backbone line 2, and the operation timing pulse S41 including the same FH pattern start timing, frame start timing, and slot start timing between the base stations a and b. Is generated.
- the base stations a and b Based on the timing pulse S41, the base stations a and b perform transmission and reception with mobile stations in each cell using the same FH pattern start timing, frame start timing, and slot start timing as shown in FIG. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of frame and slot start timings of two base stations (base station a and base station b) in the present embodiment.
- the base stations a and b use the time synchronization signal S40 supplied from the backbone line 2, and the operation timing pulse S41 including the same FH pattern start timing, frame start timing, and slot start timing between the
- a mobile station In a train control system, in many cases, the moving direction of a mobile station is one-dimensional, and each mobile station holds an FH pattern of a handover destination base station. Works as known.
- each train knows its instantaneous geographical location, so that it is possible to perform handover using current location information as a trigger.
- a handover point is determined in advance, such as when designing a system or at the time of station placement, and a mobile station mounted on a train retains information on this handover point and performs a hand based on the current position information of the own vehicle. When it is detected that the over point has been reached, a handover can be performed.
- the mobile station calculates the frequency channel of the next frame of the adjacent base station. It is possible to receive a signal from the handover destination base station without causing line disconnection (beacon search from the base station).
- the time synchronization signal S40 to each base station is not limited to being supplied from the backbone line 2, but may be supplied from other means such as GPS (Global Positioning System). Also, the FH pattern start timing between base stations is not necessarily the same, and the same effect can be obtained if the amount of timing deviation (unit: number of frames) is known.
- the mobile station acquires empty slot information from the broadcast information, uses the empty slot as a random access channel, and transmits an entry request to a new base station.
- the operations of the present embodiment other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, when each base station described in the second or third embodiment uses a plurality of FH patterns, the timing synchronization of the present embodiment may be applied.
- the timing recovery unit 27 in each base station, the timing recovery unit 27 generates the operation timing pulse S41 of the base station based on the time synchronization signal S40 from the backbone line 2. For this reason, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained, the base station can be switched without interruption, and the transmission delay of the control information can be greatly suppressed.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of transmission timing according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the configuration of the radio communication system of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the configurations of the base station and the mobile station are also the same as those of the first embodiment.
- a wireless LAN AP Access Point
- STA Service To Send
- CTS Clear To Send
- the train control system starts transmission, and transmission and reception are completed within the time reserved for RTS (transmission prohibited time).
- the transmission timing in FIG. 11 is an example, and any transmission timing may be used as long as the wireless LAN and the train control system are operated in a time division manner, and the transmission timing is not limited to the example in FIG.
- the operations of the base station and mobile station in the train control system of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment except that the transmission time of each frame is defined as shown in FIG. Further, when performing any one of the operations of Embodiments 2 to 4, the transmission time of each frame may be defined as shown in FIG. 11 to realize the interference avoidance of the present embodiment.
- the wireless LAN and the train control system are operated in a time division manner. For this reason, even when it is necessary to operate the wireless LAN and the train control system at a short distance, the operation of the system can be realized without causing performance degradation due to interference.
- the wireless communication device and the wireless communication system according to the present invention are useful for train control systems, and are particularly suitable for train control systems using the ISM band.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明にかかる無線通信システムの実施の形態1の構成例を示す図である。本実施の形態の無線通信システムは、線路脇に設置された無線通信装置である基地局1-1~1-3と、線路上を走行し、無線通信装置である移動局を備えるそれぞれ有する列車4,5と、で構成される。基地局1-1~1-3は、線路を走行する列車との通信が連続して維持できるように、ある程度の間隔で配置される。基地局1-1~1-3同士は、バックボーン回線(基地局間ネットワーク)2により接続され、指令センター3とバックボーン回線2経由で情報の送受が可能である。本実施の形態の無線通信システムは、列車制御システムを構成し、列車の運行等の制御のための情報の送受信を行う。
図6は、本発明にかかる基地局の実施の形態2の構成例を示す図である。図6に示すように、本実施の形態の基地局は、符号化部11、連送制御部12、タイミング制御部14、変調部15、FH制御部16、高周波部17、復調部19、キャリアセンス部20、誤り訂正部21および同一パケット削除部22をそれぞれ備える送受信モジュール30-1~30-3と、スケジューラ23と、符号化部13と、合成部26と、増幅部18と、アンテナ24と、を備える。本実施の形態の無線通信システムは、基地局1-1~1-3を本実施の形態の基地局とし、列車4,5に搭載される移動局を本実施の形態の移動局とする以外は、実施の形態1と同様である。実施の形態1と同様の機能を有する構成要素は、実施の形態1と同一の符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。以下、実施の形態1と異なる部分を中心に説明する。
図8は、本発明にかかる実施の形態3の周波数チャネルの選択方法の一例を示す図である。本実施の形態の無線通信システムの構成は実施の形態2と同様であり、基地局および移動局の構成も実施の形態2と同様である。
図9は、本発明にかかる基地局の実施の形態4の構成例を示す図である。図9に示すように、本実施の形態の基地局は、実施の形態1の基地局1-1~1-3に、タイミング再生部27を追加する以外は、実施の形態1の基地局1-1~1-3と同様である。本実施の形態の無線通信システムは、基地局1-1~1-3を本実施の形態の基地局とする以外は、実施の形態1と同様である。実施の形態1と同様の機能を有する構成要素は、実施の形態1と同一の符号を付して重複する説明を省略する。以下、実施の形態1と異なる部分を中心に説明する。
図11は、本発明にかかる実施の形態5の送信タイミングの一例を示す図である。本実施の形態の無線通信システムの構成は実施の形態1と同様であり、基地局および移動局の構成も実施の形態1と同様である。
Claims (20)
- 所定の切替周期ごとに周波数チャネルを変更する周波数ホッピングを制御し、前記切替周期ごとに通信に使用する周波数チャネルを指示するホッピング制御部と、
前記切替周期を分割した割当て単位ごとに、使用する周波数チャネルのキャリアセンスを実施するキャリアセンス部と、
前記キャリアセンスの結果に基づいて、前記割当て単位における送信タイミングを決定する干渉回避タイミング制御部と、
送信データを複製して複数の同一データを生成する連送制御部と、
前記割当て単位ごとに、各通信相手にそれぞれ異なる通信時間帯を割当てるスケジューラと、
を備え、
前記スケジューラによる通信時間帯の割当て結果と、前記送信タイミングと、前記ホッピング制御部による指示とに基づいて、同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データをそれぞれ異なる前記切替周期で前記通信相手へ送信し、前記割当て結果を前記通信相手へ通知することを特徴とする無線通信装置。 - 自装置と同様の機能を有する他の無線通信装置との間で時刻同期を行うタイミング再生部、
をさらに備え、
前記他の無線通信装置と周波数ホッピングパターンの開始タイミングおよび前記切替周期の開始タイミングを同期することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の無線通信装置。 - 無線LANアクセスポイントとの間で、通信時間帯を時分割に割当てられることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記無線LANアクセスポイントは、配下の端末に対して、所定の送信禁止期間の間の送信禁止を指示し、
前記スケジューラは、前記送信禁止期間に通信を行うよう自装置の通信時間帯を割当てることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の無線通信装置。 - 所定の切替周期ごとに周波数チャネルを変更する周波数ホッピングを制御し、前記切替周期ごとに通信に使用する周波数チャネルを指示するホッピング制御部と、
前記切替周期を分割した割当て単位ごとに、使用する周波数チャネルのキャリアセンスを実施するキャリアセンス部と、
前記キャリアセンスの結果に基づいて、前記割当て単位における送信タイミングを決定する干渉回避タイミング制御部と、
送信データを複製して複数の同一データを生成する連送制御部と、
通信相手から受信した受信信号から、前記受信信号に含まれる前記切替周期を分割した割当て単位で自装置へ割当てられた通信時間帯を示す割当て結果を抽出する解析部と、
を備え、
前記解析部により抽出された前記割当て結果と、前記送信タイミングと、前記ホッピング制御部による指示とに基づいて、同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データをそれぞれ異なる前記切替周期で送信することを特徴とする無線通信装置。 - 通信相手を複数とし、複数の前記通信相手は、周波数ホッピングパターンの開始タイミングおよび前記切替周期の開始タイミングを互いに同期されているとし、
前記通信相手ごとに当該通信相手との間で使用する周波数ホッピングパターンを保持し、自装置の位置に基づいて、通信相手を切替えるか否かを判断し、通信相手を切替えると判断した場合、切替先の通信相手に対応する保持している前記周波数ホッピングパターンを用いて通信を行うことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の無線通信装置。 - 前記割当て単位をスロットとし、前記切替先の通信相手から空きスロットの位置を取得し、前記空きスロットを用いて、前記切替先の通信相手へ接続要求を送信することを特徴とする請求項6に記載の無線通信装置。
- 無線LANアクセスポイントとの間で、通信時間帯を時分割に割当てられることを特徴とする請求項5、6または7に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記干渉回避タイミング制御部は、前記キャリアセンスにより所定の閾値以上の信号が一定時間検出されなかった時点を前記送信タイミングとして決定することを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1つに記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記一定時間を、SIFS(Short Interframe Space)以上、かつPIFS(PCF(Point Coordination Function) Interframe Space)以下とすることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の無線通信装置。
- 複数の周波数ホッピングパターンを同時に用いて送受信を行い、
前記送信タイミングを、同時に使用される全周波数チャネル間で同一とし、
同時に使用される前記キャリアセンスにより所定の閾値以上の信号が一定時間検出されなかった場合に、前記割当て単位における送信を実施する、ことを特徴とする請求項9または10に記載の無線通信装置。 - 同時に使用される周波数チャネルが、所定の周波数幅を有する複数の帯域のうちの1つの帯域内であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記周波数幅を22MHz以内とすることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の無線通信装置。
- 複数の前記帯域の中心周波数を無線LAN(Local Area Network)の中心周波数である2412MHz、2437MHz、2462MHz、2484MHzとすることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記周波数ホッピングパターンにおいて時間的に隣接する周波数チャネルを異なる前記帯域内とすることを特徴とする請求項12、13または14に記載の無線通信装置。
- 同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データに対して、それぞれ異なる符号化処理を施して送信することを特徴とする請求項1~15のいずれか1つに記載の無線通信装置。
- 同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データに対して、それぞれ異なる変調方式により変調処理を施して送信することを特徴とする請求項1~16のいずれか1つに記載の無線通信装置。
- 自装置または前記通信相手を列車に搭載される装置とし、同一の送信データから生成される前記同一データの個数である連送回数を、列車ごとに設定することを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか1つに記載の無線通信装置。
- 同一の送信データから生成される前記同一データの個数である連送回数を、リンクごとに設定することを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか1つに記載の無線通信装置。
- 基地局と移動局で構成される無線通信装置であって、
前記基地局および移動局は、
所定の切替周期ごとに周波数チャネルを変更する周波数ホッピングを制御し、前記切替周期ごとに通信に使用する周波数チャネルを指示するホッピング制御部と、
前記割当て単位ごとに、使用する周波数チャネルのキャリアセンスを実施するキャリアセンス部と、
前記キャリアセンスの結果に基づいて、前記割当て単位における送信タイミングを決定する干渉回避タイミング制御部と、
送信データを複製して複数の同一データを生成する連送制御部と、
を備え、
前記基地局は、
前記切替周期を分割した割当て単位ごとに、各移動局にそれぞれ異なる通信時間帯を割当てるスケジューラ、
を備え、
前記スケジューラによる通信時間帯の割当て結果と、前記送信タイミングと、前記ホッピング制御部による指示とに基づいて、同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データをそれぞれ異なる前記切替周期で前記移動局へ送信し、前記割当て結果を前記移動局へ通知し、
前記移動局は、
前記基地局から受信した受信信号から、前記割当て結果を抽出する解析部、
を備え、
前記解析部により抽出された前記割当て結果と、前記送信タイミングと、前記ホッピング制御部による指示とに基づいて、同一の送信データから生成された前記同一データをそれぞれ異なる前記切替周期で送信することを特徴とする無線通信システム。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2900002A4 (en) | 2016-06-01 |
JPWO2014045401A1 (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
EP2900002A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
US9706549B2 (en) | 2017-07-11 |
CN104641661B (zh) | 2018-05-29 |
JP5823049B2 (ja) | 2015-11-25 |
US20150215935A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
CN104641661A (zh) | 2015-05-20 |
EP2900002B1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
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