WO2014040475A1 - 一种双导向的拨叉传动箱 - Google Patents

一种双导向的拨叉传动箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014040475A1
WO2014040475A1 PCT/CN2013/081729 CN2013081729W WO2014040475A1 WO 2014040475 A1 WO2014040475 A1 WO 2014040475A1 CN 2013081729 W CN2013081729 W CN 2013081729W WO 2014040475 A1 WO2014040475 A1 WO 2014040475A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fork
double
transmission
hole
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/081729
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王正权
Original Assignee
成都迈可森流体控制设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 成都迈可森流体控制设备有限公司 filed Critical 成都迈可森流体控制设备有限公司
Priority to US14/425,347 priority Critical patent/US9625052B2/en
Priority to EP13836263.7A priority patent/EP2896859A4/en
Publication of WO2014040475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014040475A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/44Mechanical actuating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/32Gear shift yokes, e.g. shift forks
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fork type transmission mechanism, in particular to a double-guided fork transmission case. Background technique
  • valve actuators are indispensable valve actuators for valve control, self-control and remote control. Due to the continuous improvement of control technology and control requirements, the actuators of the valve actuators can not meet the requirements in terms of electrical explosion-proof, operating speed, response time, etc. Pneumatic, hydraulic, and gas-liquid linkage and electro-hydraulic linkage actuators Applied from the application.
  • the fork-type transmission is one of the most important components of this type of actuator.
  • the pneumatic, hydraulic, gas-liquid linkage and electro-hydraulic linkage actuators of the fork-type transmission mechanism are inseparable from an important main body: the fork transmission body composed of the fork box body and the fork transmission assembly (hereinafter referred to as Fork box), which is an extremely important part of the fork-type valve actuator.
  • the so-called fork actuator the fork transmission mechanism composed of the fork box, the guide shaft, the fork and the fork assembly, under the action of the cylinder (hydraulic) thrust, the cylinder piston linearly moves and changes A transmission structure for outputting the fork shaft in a swinging angle.
  • the output torque of the actuator can change with the change of the angle of rotation of the fork.
  • the output torque is the largest on both the left and the right, and the middle position is the smallest. This feature coincides with the opening or closing position of the angular stroke type valve, the maximum torque value, and the minimum torque in the middle position. No torque is wasted, so the required cylinder diameter can be smaller.
  • the fork of the fork type pneumatic actuator And fork arm height The degree is coincident, which saves a lot of space.
  • Pneumatic actuators, rack and pinion pneumatic actuators and fork-type pneumatic actuators rack and pinion pneumatic actuators, using the principle of gear rack and pinion, so when designing the gears of the wheel, it must be very long and very Thick, when the two gears are 0°, they can always engage without disengagement. At 90°, the two discs can be completely engaged. Therefore, this fundamentally determines the rack and pinion actuator, which is bulky and the torque is higher. When it is big, the bulky performance is getting bigger and bigger, and the fork-type pneumatic actuator is produced.
  • the fork-type pneumatic actuator not only meets the explosion-proof requirements, but also has small size, light weight and large torque, because it is unique.
  • the "single cylinder double piston-to-fork type variable torque" transmission structure design, fork actuator is produced according to the high requirements of working conditions, and in the future, it will be the era in which the fork actuators dominate.
  • the current fork-type transmission mechanism has no guide shaft or only one guide shaft.
  • the cylinder (cylinder) installed on the side of the fork box has a force arm distance between the piston output shaft and the fork rotation shaft. This will produce a lateral force on the rotating shaft of the box and the fork. This lateral force is very harmful, which not only reduces the transmission efficiency, but also increases the lateral force of the fork bearing, the cylinder piston and the bearing, and also reduces the piston shaft.
  • the output stiffness and the shifting fork are also unstable, which in turn affects the reliability of the drive. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a double-guided shifting gear transmission box for mounting in a bi-circular-oriented shifting fork transmission mechanism, which solves the above problems caused by the unreasonable design of the original fork transmission actuator. It achieves the purpose of eliminating lateral force, improving transmission efficiency and reducing assembly difficulty.
  • a double-guided shifting gear box including a fork box body, a fork shifting structure is mounted on the fork box body, and two forks are mounted on the fork box body
  • Parallel guide shaft, between the two guide shafts, a drive slide assembly freely sliding along the guide shaft is mounted, and the drive slide assembly is connected with the shift fork transmission structure Pick up.
  • two parallel guide shafts are arranged on the fork box body.
  • the two parallel guide shafts and the outer cylinder piston output shaft are parallel and the central axis is coplanar, and the drive slip is mounted on the two parallel guide shafts.
  • the block assembly, the drive block assembly is free to slide along the axis of the guide shaft between the two guide shafts, and in use, connects the external power output shaft to the drive block assembly, and the drive block assembly is driven by the power output shaft
  • the transmission slider assembly is connected to the shifting fork transmission structure, and the shifting fork transmission structure is rotated around the axis thereof by the driving slider assembly to realize the purpose of the shifting fork transmission.
  • the transmission slider assembly includes a transmission slider body, and a mounting block is mounted on both sides of the transmission slider body, and the assembly block is inwardly recessed in contact with the driving slider body to form a cylindrical groove, and is disposed at the bottom of the groove There are strip-shaped through holes, and the strip-shaped through holes communicate with both sides of the assembly block.
  • the whole body of the transmission slider is a rectangular parallelepiped, which can cut a part of the corners and reduce the overall weight and volume.
  • the assembly block is mounted on both sides of the transmission slider body.
  • the assembly block is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and the assembly block is in contact with the drive slider body.
  • the groove is formed inwardly recessed, the groove is cylindrical, and a strip-shaped through hole is formed at the bottom of the groove.
  • the groove and the through hole constitute an integral cavity and communicate with both sides of the assembly block, and the two assembly blocks pass the bolt
  • the method is connected with the drive slider body, the groove and the through hole form a cavity structure between the assembly block and the drive slider body, and the strip-shaped through hole serves as a passage between the cavity and the outside, and the end of the power output shaft
  • the shape is matched with the strip-shaped through hole, and the end bump is inserted into the through hole, and the rotation angle is larger than the minimum diameter of the through hole, and the power output shaft is
  • the drive slider body is connected, which is very easy to assemble compared with the traditional connection form, which greatly reduces the difficulty and process of assembly, saves time, and reduces assembly cost in disguise.
  • the drive slider body is provided with two guide holes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the assembly block, and a slider drive pin penetrating the drive slider body is mounted on the side of the drive slider body, and the axis of the slide drive pin is perpendicular to
  • the plane of the two guide hole axes is provided with a transmission block on the slider drive pin protruding from the drive slider body.
  • Two guiding holes are arranged on the main body of the driving slider. The guiding holes are perpendicular to the mounting block, and the axes of the guiding holes are parallel to each other.
  • the side of the driving slider body is provided with a mounting hole, and a sliding drive pin is mounted in the mounting hole.
  • the hole runs through the side of the drive slider body, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the two guide holes, and the slider drive pin is located on the symmetry line of the axis of the two guide holes, and the length of the slide drive pin is greater than the length of the assembly hole
  • a transmission block is arranged on the sliding rod driving pin protruding from the driving slider body, and the transmission block can be freely rotated around the sliding rod driving pin, and the two guiding shafts are respectively passed through the guiding holes, and the driving slider body is driven by the assembling block Installed on the power output shaft, the two transmission blocks are respectively placed in the chutes of the two fork plates, and the power output shaft reciprocates in the axial direction thereof, and the thrust is transmitted to the fork plate through the transmission block, the fork During the rotation process, the rotating cylinder rotates to complete the process of shifting the fork.
  • the mounting is installed in the guiding hole.
  • the slide drive pin is located between the two guide shafts, so that the drive slide can only move linearly along the direction of the guide shaft, and when the position of the slide drive pin is relatively fixed, it is applied to the drive slide body
  • the thrust on the upper side is parallel to the guide shaft, and the thrust application point can be any position. Acting on the transmission block, the torque output curve of the actuator will not change. Thus, the number of cylinders and the relative position on the fork box can be adjusted as needed, which is superior in design of the force position and space. For traditional actuators.
  • a notch is provided in the mounting block, the notch is located on the extension line of the guide hole, and the diameter thereof matches the diameter of the guide hole.
  • the shape of the assembly block is a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole, and its volume is smaller than that of the transmission slider body, and the upper and lower sides thereof are provided with a notch, and the notch is an extension of the guide hole, and the two assembly blocks fix the transmission slider body at the same. In the middle, it is compact and easy to process.
  • a sliding bushing is mounted inside the guide hole. Further, as a further improvement of the present invention, the sliding bushing is disposed in the guiding hole, and the guiding shaft is passed through the sliding bushing structure, so that the friction between the driving slider body and the guiding shaft can be reduced, and the replacement is convenient.
  • the sliding bushing increases the overall service life.
  • the shifting fork transmission structure comprises a rotating drum.
  • the inside of the rotating drum has a cavity structure.
  • Two rotating fork plates are arranged on the rotating drum, and a sliding groove is arranged on each of the forked forks.
  • the drum has a cylindrical shape, and the inside has a cavity structure.
  • Two fork plates are disposed on the outer side wall thereof, and the two fork plates are parallel to each other. When used, the two fork plates are respectively located on the two guide shafts. Above and below, any one of the forks is in the radial direction of the drum, and the fork piece is perpendicular to the axis of the drum.
  • the two forks are completely coincident, and the fork plate includes two Part: a connecting plate and a dialing plate, and a through hole is formed in the connecting plate by machining, the through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the rotating drum, and the rotating drum passes through the through hole and is fixed by welding, and the dialing plate is provided with
  • the chute is used for sliding the pushing component during the action, and adopts the structural form of the fork piece set on the rotating drum, so that the force received by the rotating drum is evenly distributed on the side wall of the rotating drum, thereby avoiding the uneven rotation of the rotating drum.
  • a symmetrical two-keyway structure is arranged on the inner side wall of the drum, and the chute is a symmetry axis of the two keyways, so that the forks are in use, both sides are in use
  • the forces and moments received are symmetrical, avoiding the possibility of damage caused by unbalanced forces and prolonging the service life.
  • the weld bead at the junction of the drum and the fork forms a reinforcing joint ring.
  • the strength of the joint between the fork and the drum can be enhanced by thickening the weld and trimming to form a reinforcing joint ring, thereby improving the endurance.
  • a travel limit rod between the two guide shafts and parallel to the two guide shafts is mounted on the fork box body. Further, the whole interior of the fork box body is a cavity structure, which is composed of a casing, and a travel limit rod is arranged between the two guide shafts, and the axis of the stroke limit rod is parallel to the guide shaft, and the stroke limit rod.
  • the length inside the body of the fork box can be adjusted to suit different needs.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
  • the invention relates to a double-guided shifting fork transmission box, which connects an external power output shaft to a transmission slider assembly, and the transmission slider assembly is reciprocated by a power output shaft, and the transmission slider assembly is connected to the shift fork.
  • the fork transmission structure rotates around its axis under the driving of the transmission slider assembly to achieve the purpose of the fork transmission.
  • This design and installation completely corrects the movement trend of the transmission slider assembly under the thrust of the power output shaft.
  • the movement path and the movement track of the transmission slider assembly are fixed. Under the action of the power output shaft thrust or tension, the transmission slider assembly has only one movement track: that is, linear motion along the piston shaft; during the movement, the transmission is slippery.
  • the block assembly has only one force state: Forced in the direction of the guide axis.
  • Forced in the direction of the guide axis Compared with the conventional fork transmission structure without a guide shaft or a guide shaft, during the movement of the transmission slider assembly, only the power output shaft thrust and the movement resistance of the fork transmission structure act, thereby improving the fork and the fork Mechanical transfer efficiency and mechanical efficiency of the box, thoroughly
  • the force of the transmission slider assembly in the direction of the non-guide shaft axis is eliminated, and the thrust generated by the power output shaft can be theoretically transmitted to the shifting transmission structure by 100% without loss;
  • the invention relates to a double-guided shifting fork transmission box, wherein two assembling blocks are connected with the driving slider body by bolts or the like, and the groove and the through hole form a cavity structure between the assembling block and the driving slider body, and the strip shape
  • the through hole serves as a passage between the cavity and the outside, and the end of the power output shaft is arranged in a shape matching the strip-shaped through hole, and the end bump is inserted into the through hole and rotated at a certain angle to be utilized.
  • the structure of the cavity is larger than the minimum diameter of the through hole, and the power output shaft is connected with the drive slider body.
  • the assembly is very convenient, greatly reducing the difficulty and process of assembly, saving time and disguise. Ground reduces assembly costs;
  • a double-guided shifting gearbox according to the present invention compared with the conventional shifting fork transmission structure, since two guiding holes are provided, two guiding shafts are installed in the guiding holes, and the sliding rod driving pins are located on the two guiding shafts Between the two, the drive slide can only move linearly along the direction of the guide shaft.
  • the thrust applied to the drive slide body can be parallel to the guide shaft.
  • the position acts on the transmission block, and the torque output curve of the actuator does not change.
  • the number of cylinders and the relative position mounted on the fork box can be adjusted as needed, and the design of the force position and space is even more Superior to traditional actuators;
  • the fork plate comprises two parts: a connecting plate and a dialing plate, and a through hole is formed in the connecting plate by machining, the through hole is opposite to the outer diameter of the rotating drum Matching, the drum is welded and fixed through the through hole, and a sliding groove is arranged on the dialing plate for sliding the pushing part during the action, and the structural form of the fork piece is set on the rotating drum, so that the rotating drum is received
  • the force is evenly distributed on the side wall of the drum to avoid the uneven torque received by the drum and prolong the life of the drum.
  • two mutually parallel fork plates are designed, and the two forks are respectively located at the time of use.
  • the upper and lower sides of the transmission head make the external force of the fork piece in the axial direction of the drum cancel each other, and the fork piece is prevented from being bent and deformed.
  • 1 is a schematic structural view of omitting a fork piece inside a fork box body of the present invention
  • 2 is a schematic structural view showing the connection state of the drive slider assembly of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a half cross-sectional view of the axis of the slider drive pin of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the independent structure of the shifting fork transmission structure of the present invention.
  • 13-power output shaft 14-groove, 15-through hole, 16-tightening bolt, 17-cover, 18-handle body, 19-guide shaft, 20-stroke limit rod.
  • a double-guided shifting gear transmission box includes a fork box body 18, and the fork box body 18 is integrally formed by combining upper and lower casings, and the interior thereof is empty.
  • the cavity structure is provided with a shifting fork transmission structure on the casing, the shifting fork transmission structure comprises a rotating drum 1, the rotating cylinder 1 has a cylindrical shape, the inside is a cavity structure, and two shifting forks are arranged on the outer side wall thereof
  • the sheet 2 the two fork pieces 2 are parallel to each other, and any one of the fork pieces 2 is in the radial direction of the drum 1, and the fork piece 2 is perpendicular to the axis of the drum 1, in the axial direction of the drum 1, two
  • the fork piece 2 is completely overlapped, and the fork piece 2 comprises two parts: a connecting plate and a dialing plate, and a through hole is formed in the connecting plate by machining, the through hole is matched with the outer diameter of the rotating drum 1, the rotating drum 1 is passed through the through
  • the sliding plate is provided with a sliding groove 3, and the sliding groove 3 is a rectangular strip hole whose axis is located on the extension line of the diameter of the rotating drum 1; the inner side wall of the rotating drum 1 is disposed
  • two guiding shafts 19 are mounted in the fork box body 18, the plane of the axes of the two guiding shafts 19 is perpendicular to the rotating drum 1, and the two guiding shafts 19 are located at two Between the forks 2; a drive slide assembly is mounted between the two guide shafts 19, the transmission
  • the slider assembly comprises a transmission block body 6 which is integrally formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the transmission slider body 6 can cut a part of the corners and reduce the overall weight and volume.
  • Two guiding holes 7 are arranged on the transmission slider body 6, and the guiding holes are provided.
  • the axes of 7 are parallel to each other, and a replaceable sliding bushing 12 is mounted in the guiding hole 7.
  • the sliding bushing 12 is fitted on the guiding shaft 19, and the side of the driving slider body 6 is provided with a mounting hole, and the mounting hole is installed in the mounting hole.
  • the slider driving pin 8 has a mounting hole penetrating the side surface of the driving slider body 6, the axis of which is perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the two guiding holes 7, and the slider driving pin 8 is located on the symmetry line of the axes of the two guiding holes 7.
  • the length of the slider drive pin 8 is greater than the length of the mounting hole, and the transmission block 9 is fitted on the slider drive pin protruding from the drive slider body 6, and the transmission block 9 is connected by the cooperation of the fastening bolt 16 and the cover plate 17 On the slider drive pin 8, the transmission block 9 can be freely rotated about the slider drive pin 8, and the transmission block 9 is located in the sliding slot 3 of the fork plate 2, and is mounted on both end faces of the drive slider body 6 of the opening of the guide hole 7.
  • Assembly block 10; assembly block The outer shape of the 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and its volume is smaller than that of the transmission slider body 6.
  • a notch 11 is formed on the upper and lower sides thereof, and the notch 11 is an extension of the guide hole 7, and the diameter of the notch 11 matches the diameter of the guide hole 11.
  • the groove 10 is formed in the inner surface of the mounting block 10 in contact with the driving slider body 6.
  • the groove 14 has a cylindrical shape.
  • a strip-shaped through hole 15 is formed at the bottom of the groove 14.
  • the groove 14 and the through hole 15 constitute a whole.
  • the cavity is connected to both sides of the mounting block 10, and the two mounting blocks 10 are connected to the transmission slider body 6 by bolts or the like, and the groove 14 and the through hole 15 are formed between the mounting block 10 and the transmission slider body 6.
  • a strip-shaped through hole 15 serves as a passage between the cavity and the outside, and a cross section of the through hole 15 is preferably a circular closed surface formed by a parallel line, and the diameter of the groove 14 and the through hole 15
  • the maximum diameter is matched, and the end of the power output shaft 13 is provided with a bump matching the strip-shaped through hole 15, and the bump is fixed to the power output shaft 13 through a connecting portion having a small diameter, by rotating the power output
  • the shaft 13 can realize the power output shaft 13 and
  • the connecting or disengaging of the movable slider body 6 is mounted with a travel limit lever 20 on the opposite fork box body 18 of the power output shaft 13.
  • the axis of the travel limit lever 20 is parallel to the axis of the guide shaft 19, and the travel limit rod
  • the extension length of 20 can be adjusted.

Abstract

一种双导向的拨叉传动箱,包括拨叉箱本体(18),在拨叉箱本体(18)上安装有拨叉传动结构,在拨叉箱本体(18)上安装有两个平行的导向轴(19),在两个导向轴(19)之间安装有沿导向轴(19)自由滑动的传动滑块组件,传动滑块组件与拨叉传动结构连接。

Description

一种双导向的拨叉传动箱
技术领域
本发明涉及一种拨叉型传动机构, 具体是指一种双导向的拨叉传动箱。 背景技术
随着现代能源、 钢铁、 电力、 军工、 航空航天工业的崛起以及石油、 天 然气、 现代化工等行业的兴起, 阀门及阀门执行器成为工业控制不可或缺的 一个重要产品。 在流体控制领域及阀门自动化行业, 阀门执行器是实现阀门 程控、 自控和遥控不可缺少的阀门驱动装置。 由于控制工艺、 控制要求不断 提高, 阀门执行器在电气防爆、 动作速度、 响应时间等方面, 电动执行器已 不能满足要求, 气动、 液动、 以及气液联动和电液联动等执行器由此应用而 生。 拨叉型传动机构是该类执行器的一个最主要的组成部分。
在拨叉型传动机构的气动、 液动、 气液联动和电液联动执行器中, 它们 都离不开一个重要主体: 拨叉箱本体及拨叉传动组件组成的拨叉传动箱 (以 下简称拨叉箱) , 它是拨叉型阀门执行器的一个极为重要的组成部分。 所谓 拨叉式执行器: 由拨叉箱、 导向轴、 拨叉及拨叉组件共同构成的拨叉传动机 构, 在气缸 (液压) 推力的作用下, 由传动滑块把气缸活塞直线运动, 转变 为拨叉轴以摆动角度的运动形式进行输出的传动结构。 其工作特点是: 在传 动过程中, 执行器的输出力矩能随拨叉转动角度的改变而改变。 其中, 在左 右两边输出扭矩最大, 中间位置最小。 这个特点正好与角行程类型阀门开启 或关闭位置, 力矩值最大, 运行中间位置扭矩最小的规律相符合, 没有力矩 浪费, 因而所需缸径可以更小; 其次, 拨叉式气动执行器的拨叉和拨叉臂高 度重合, 大大节省空间。 气动执行器分齿轮齿条式气动执行器和拨叉式气动执行器: 齿轮齿条式 气动执行器, 应用齿轮齿条咬合带动原理, 所以在设计轮盘的齿轮时, 必须 要很长而且很厚实, 在两齿轮 0° 时, 能一直咬合而不至于脱离, 在 90° 时, 两轮盘能完全咬合, 因此, 这从根本上决定了齿轮齿条式执行器, 体型笨重, 而且扭矩越大时, 笨重的表现也就越来越大, 拨叉式气动执行器由此产生; 拨叉式气动执行器, 不仅符合防爆要求, 而且体积小, 重量轻, 扭矩大, 因 其采用了独特的 "单气缸双活塞-拨叉式变扭矩"传动结构设计,拨叉式执行 器, 是根据工况的高要求而产生, 未来, 将会是拨叉式执行器占据主导地位 的时代。
目前的拨叉式传动机构, 没有导向轴或者只有一个导向轴, 安装在拨叉 箱侧边的气缸 (油缸) 活塞输出轴与拨叉转动轴之间有一个力臂距离。 这样 就会在箱体、 拨叉转动轴产生侧向力, 这个侧向力危害很大, 不仅降低传动 效率, 增加拨叉轴承、 气缸活塞及轴承的侧向受力, 同时还降低了活塞轴的 输出刚度, 而且拨叉运行也不稳定, 进而影响传动的可靠性。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 用于安装在双周导向 的拨叉传动机构中, 解决目前的拨叉传动执行器因自身结构设计不合理带来 的上述问题, 达到消除侧向力、 提高传动效率、 降低装配难度的目的。 本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现: 一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 包括拨叉箱本体, 在拨叉箱本体上安装有拨 叉传动结构, 在拨叉箱本体上安装有两个平行的导向轴, 在两个导向轴之间 安装有沿导向轴自由滑动的传动滑块组件, 传动滑块组件与拨叉传动结构连 接。 通过巧妙设计, 在拨叉箱本体上设置两根平行的导向轴, 这两根平行的 导向轴和外部气缸活塞输出轴平行且中心轴线共面, 在两根平行的导向轴上 安装有传动滑块组件, 传动滑块组件能够在两根导向轴之间沿导向轴的轴线 自由滑动, 使用时, 将外界的动力输出轴连接在传动滑块组件上, 传动滑块 组件在动力输出轴的带动下做往返运动, 传动滑块组件连接在拨叉传动结构 上, 拨叉传动结构在传动滑块组件的带动下绕其轴线转动, 实现拨叉传动的 目的。 这样的设计和安装, 彻底矫正在动力输出轴推力作用下传动滑块组件 的运动趋势, 固定了传动滑块组件的运动路线和运动轨迹, 在动力输出轴推 力或者拉力的作用下, 传动滑块组件只有一个运动轨迹: 即沿着活塞轴做直 线运动; 在运动过程中, 传动滑块组件只有一种受力状态: 沿导向轴方向受 力。 相对于传统的没有导向轴或者有一个导向轴的拨叉传动结构而言, 传动 滑块组件运动过程中,只受到动力输出轴推力和拨叉传动结构运动阻力作用, 从而提高拨叉及拨叉箱的机械传递效力和机械效率, 彻底消除了传动滑块组 件在非导向轴轴线方向的受力, 可以将动力输出轴产生的推力理论上 100% 无损耗的传递到拨叉传动结构上。
所述传动滑块组件包括传动滑块本体, 在传动滑块本体的两侧安装有装 配块, 所述装配块与传动滑块本体接触的面向内凹陷形成圆柱形凹槽, 在凹 槽底部设置有条状的通孔, 条状的通孔将装配块的两侧连通。 传动滑块本体 整体为长方体, 可以剪切一部分棱角, 减小整体的重量和体积, 在传动滑块 本体的两个侧面安装装配块, 装配块整体呈长方体, 装配块与传动滑块本体 接触的面向内凹陷形成凹槽, 凹槽呈圆柱状,在凹槽底部设置有条状的通孔, 凹槽和通孔构成整体的空腔并连通装配块的两个侧面, 两个装配块通过螺栓 等方式与传动滑块本体连接, 凹槽和通孔在装配块与传动滑块本体之间形成 空腔结构, 条状的通孔作为该空腔与外界的通道, 将动力输出轴的端部设置 成与条状的通孔相匹配的形状, 将端部的凸块插入通孔后, 旋转一定的角度 就可以利用空腔的直径大于通孔的最小直径的结构特点, 将动力输出轴与传 动滑块本体连接, 相对于传统的连接形式, 非常便于装配, 大大降低了装配 的难度和工序, 节约了时间, 变相地降低了组装成本。
在所述传动滑块本体上设置有两个相互平行且垂直于装配块的导向孔, 在传动滑块本体侧面安装有贯穿传动滑块本体的滑块传动销, 滑块传动销的 轴线垂直于两个导向孔轴线所在的平面, 在凸出于传动滑块本体的滑块传动 销上套装有传动块。 在传动滑块本体上设置有两个导向孔, 导向孔垂直于装 配块, 导向孔的轴线相互平行, 传动滑块本体的侧面开设有装配孔, 在装配 孔内安装有滑块传动销, 装配孔贯穿于传动滑块本体的侧面, 其轴线与两个 导向孔的轴线所在平面垂直, 而且滑块传动销位于两个导向孔轴线的对称线 上, 滑块传动销的长度大于装配孔的长度, 在凸出于传动滑块本体的滑块传 动销上套装有传动块, 传动块可以绕滑块传动销自由转动, 将两个导向轴分 别穿过导向孔, 利用装配块将传动滑块本体安装在动力输出轴上, 将两个传 动块分别套在两个拨叉片的滑槽内, 动力输出轴在其轴向上做往返运动, 通 过传动块将推力传递给拨叉片, 拨叉片在转动过程中带动转筒转动, 完成拨 叉传动的过程, 相对于传统的拨叉传动结构, 由于设置有两个导向孔, 在导 向孔内安装有两个导向轴, 滑块传动销位于两个导向轴之间, 使得传动滑块 只能够沿着导向轴方向作直线运动, 在滑块传动销位置相对固定的情况下, 施加在传动滑块本体上的推力只要与导向轴平行, 推力施加点可以任意位置 作用于传动块, 执行器的扭矩输出曲线都不会发生变化, 如此, 气缸的数量 和安装在拨叉箱上的相对位置就可以根据需要进行调整, 从受力位置及空间 设计上就更加优越于传统执行器。
在所述装配块上设置有缺口, 缺口位于导向孔的延长线上, 且其直径与 导向孔的直径相匹配。 具体地讲, 装配块的外形整体上呈长方体, 其体积比 传动滑块本体小, 其上下两侧开设有缺口, 缺口为导向孔的延伸部分, 两个 装配块将传动滑块本体连接固定在中间, 结构紧凑, 便于加工。
在所述导向孔内部安装有滑动衬套。 进一步讲, 作为本发明的进一步改 进, 采用在导向孔内设置滑动衬套, 而将导向轴穿过滑动衬套的结构形式, 可以降低传动滑块本体与导向轴之间的摩擦, 利用便于更换的滑动衬套, 可 以增加整体的使用寿命。
所述拨叉传动结构包括转筒, 转筒内部为空腔结构, 在所述转筒上焊接 有两片套装在转筒上的拨叉片, 在每个拨叉片上均设置有滑槽。 转筒呈圆柱 状, 其内部为空腔结构, 在其外部的侧壁上设置有两个拨叉片, 两个拨叉片 相互平行, 使用时, 两个拨叉片分别位于两根导向轴的上方和下方, 任意一 个拨叉片均在转筒的径向上, 拨叉片与转筒的轴线垂直, 在转筒的轴线方向 上, 两个拨叉片完全重合, 拨叉片包括两个部分: 连接板和拨动板, 在连接 板上通过机械加工开设有通孔, 该通孔与转筒的外径相匹配, 转筒穿过通孔 后焊接固定, 在拨动板上设置有滑槽, 用于动作过程中推动部件的滑动, 采 用拨叉片套装在转筒上的结构形式, 使得转筒受到的力均匀分布在转筒侧壁 上, 避免转筒受到的不均匀的转矩, 延长转筒的寿命; 同时, 采用两个相互 平行的拨叉片设计, 两个拨叉片在使用时分别位于传动头的上下两侧, 使得 拨叉片在转筒轴向受到的外力相互抵消, 避免拨叉片受到弯曲、 变形。 在所述转筒的内部侧壁上设置有两个键槽, 两个键槽关于滑槽的轴线对 称分布。 进一步讲, 为了使的转筒能够受力平衡, 采用在转筒内侧壁设置对 称的两个键槽的结构形式, 滑槽为两个键槽的对称轴, 如此拨叉片在使用过 程中, 两侧受到的力和力矩是对称的, 避免了受力不均衡带来的损坏可能, 延长了使用寿命。 在转筒和拨叉片连接处的焊疤形成加强连接环。 进一步讲, 为了增加转 筒和拨叉片的连接强度, 通过将焊疤增厚, 并修整形成加强连接环, 可以加 强拨叉片与转筒之间的连接强度, 提高了其忍耐力。 在拨叉箱本体上安装有位于两个导向轴之间且与两个导向轴平行的行程 限位杆。 进一步讲, 拨叉箱本体整体内部为空腔结构, 由壳体组合而成, 在 两个导向轴之间设有行程限位杆, 行程限位杆的轴线与导向轴平行, 行程限 位杆插入拨叉箱本体内部的长度可以调节, 以适应不同的需求。
本发明与现有技术相比, 具有如下的优点和有益效果:
1本发明一种双导向的拨叉传动箱,将外界的动力输出轴连接在传动滑块 组件上, 传动滑块组件在动力输出轴的带动下做往返运动, 传动滑块组件连 接在拨叉传动结构上, 拨叉传动结构在传动滑块组件的带动下绕其轴线转动, 实现拨叉传动的目的, 这样的设计和安装, 彻底矫正在动力输出轴推力作用 下传动滑块组件的运动趋势, 固定了传动滑块组件的运动路线和运动轨迹, 在动力输出轴推力或者拉力的作用下, 传动滑块组件只有一个运动轨迹: 即 沿着活塞轴做直线运动; 在运动过程中, 传动滑块组件只有一种受力状态: 沿导向轴方向受力。 相对于传统的没有导向轴或者有一个导向轴的拨叉传动 结构而言, 传动滑块组件运动过程中, 只受到动力输出轴推力和拨叉传动结 构运动阻力作用, 从而提高拨叉及拨叉箱的机械传递效力和机械效率, 彻底 消除了传动滑块组件在非导向轴轴线方向的受力, 可以将动力输出轴产生的 推力理论上 100%无损耗的传递到拨叉传动结构上;
2本发明一种双导向的拨叉传动箱,两个装配块通过螺栓等方式与传动滑 块本体连接, 凹槽和通孔在装配块与传动滑块本体之间形成空腔结构, 条状 的通孔作为该空腔与外界的通道, 将动力输出轴的端部设置成与条状的通孔 相匹配的形状, 将端部的凸块插入通孔后, 旋转一定的角度就可以利用空腔 的直径大于通孔的最小直径的结构特点, 将动力输出轴与传动滑块本体连接, 相对于传统的连接形式, 非常便于装配, 大大降低了装配的难度和工序, 节 约了时间, 变相地降低了组装成本;
3本发明一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 相对于传统的拨叉传动结构, 由于设 置有两个导向孔, 在导向孔内安装有两个导向轴, 滑块传动销位于两个导向 轴之间, 使得传动滑块只能够沿着导向轴方向作直线运动, 在滑块传动销位 置相对固定的情况下, 施加在传动滑块本体上的推力只要与导向轴平行, 推 力施加点可以任意位置作用于传动块, 执行器的扭矩输出曲线都不会发生变 化, 如此, 气缸的数量和安装在拨叉箱上的相对位置就可以根据需要进行调 整, 从受力位置及空间设计上就更加优越于传统执行器;
4本发明一种双导向的拨叉传动箱,拨叉片包括两个部分:连接板和拨动板, 在连接板上通过机械加工开设有通孔, 该通孔与转筒的外径相匹配, 转筒穿 过通孔后焊接固定, 在拨动板上设置有滑槽, 用于动作过程中推动部件的滑 动, 采用拨叉片套装在转筒上的结构形式, 使得转筒受到的力均匀分布在转 筒侧壁上, 避免转筒受到的不均匀的转矩, 延长转筒的寿命; 同时, 采用两 个相互平行的拨叉片设计, 两个拨叉片在使用时分别位于传动头的上下两侧, 使得拨叉片在转筒轴向受到的外力相互抵消, 避免拨叉片受到弯曲、 变形。 附图说明
图 1为本发明拨叉箱本体内部省略一个拨叉片的结构示意图; 图 2为本发明传动滑块组件连接状态结构示意图;
图 3为图 2中沿滑块传动销轴线的半剖结构示意图;
图 4为本发明拨叉传动结构的独立结构示意图。
附图中标记及相应的零部件名称:
1-转筒, 2-拨叉片, 3-滑槽, 4-键槽, 5-加强连接环, 6-传动滑块本体,
7-导向孔, 8-滑块传动销, 9-传动块, 10-装配块, 11-缺口, 12-滑动衬套,
13-动力输出轴, 14-凹槽, 15-通孔, 16-紧固螺栓, 17-盖板, 18-拨叉箱本 体, 19-导向轴, 20-行程限位杆。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明, 但本发明的实施方式不 限于此。
实施例
如图 1至 4所示, 本发明一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 包括拨叉箱本体 18, 拨叉箱本体 18整体上有上、 下两个壳体组合而成, 其内部为空腔结构, 在壳 体上安装有拨叉传动结构, 拨叉传动结构包括转筒 1, 转筒 1呈圆柱状, 其内 部为空腔结构, 在其外部的侧壁上设置有两个拨叉片 2, 两个拨叉片 2相互平 行, 任意一个拨叉片 2均在转筒 1的径向上, 拨叉片 2与转筒 1的轴线垂直, 在转筒 1的轴线方向上, 两个拨叉片 2完全重合, 拨叉片 2包括两个部分: 连接板和拨动板, 在连接板上通过机械加工开设有通孔, 该通孔与转筒 1 的 外径相匹配, 转筒 1穿过通孔后焊接固定, 在拨动板上设置有滑槽 3, 滑槽 3 为长方形条状孔, 其轴线位于转筒 1直径的延长线上; 转筒 1 的内部侧壁上 设置有两个键槽 4, 两个键槽 4关于滑槽 3的轴线对称分布, 转筒 1和拨叉片 2连接处的焊疤增厚并修整形成加强连接环 5; 在拨叉箱本体 18内安装有两 个导向轴 19, 两个导向轴 19的轴线所在的平面与转筒 1垂直, 且两个导向轴 19位于两个拨叉片 2之间; 在两个导向轴 19之间安装有传动滑块组件, 传动 滑块组件包括整体呈长方体的传动滑块本体 6,传动滑块本体 6可以剪切一部 分棱角, 减小整体的重量和体积, 在传动滑块本体 6上设置有两个导向孔 7, 导向孔 7的轴线相互平行, 在导向孔 7内安装有可以更换的滑动衬套 12, 滑 动衬套 12套装在导向轴 19上, 传动滑块本体 6的侧面开设有装配孔, 在装 配孔内安装有滑块传动销 8, 装配孔贯穿于传动滑块本体 6的侧面, 其轴线与 两个导向孔 7的轴线所在平面垂直, 而且滑块传动销 8位于两个导向孔 7轴 线的对称线上, 滑块传动销 8 的长度大于装配孔的长度, 在凸出于传动滑块 本体 6的滑块传动销上套装有传动块 9, 传动块 9通过紧固螺栓 16和盖板 17 的配合连接在滑块传动销 8上, 传动块 9可以绕滑块传动销 8 自由转动, 传 动块 9位于拨叉片 2的滑槽 3内, 在导向孔 7开口的传动滑块本体 6两个端 面上安装有装配块 10; 装配块 10的外形整体上呈长方体, 其体积比传动滑块 本体 6小, 在其上下两侧开设有缺口 11, 缺口 11为导向孔 7的延伸部分, 缺 口 11的直径与导向孔 11的直径相匹配, 装配块 10与传动滑块本体 6接触的 面向内凹陷形成凹槽 14, 凹槽 14呈圆柱状, 在凹槽 14底部设置有条状的通 孔 15, 凹槽 14和通孔 15构成整体的空腔并连通装配块 10的两个侧面, 两个 装配块 10通过螺栓等方式与传动滑块本体 6连接, 凹槽 14和通孔 15在装配 块 10与传动滑块本体 6之间形成空腔结构, 条状的通孔 15作为该空腔与外 界的通道, 通孔 15的横截面优选形状为圆形用平行线截取后形成的封闭面, 凹槽 14的直径与通孔 15的最大直径相匹配, 将动力输出轴 13的端部设置有 与条状的通孔 15相匹配的凸块, 凸块通过一个直径较小的连接部固定在动力 输出轴 13上, 通过转动动力输出轴 13, 可以实现动力输出轴 13与传动滑块 本体 6的连接或脱离, 在动力输出轴 13相对的拨叉箱本体 18上安装有行程 限位杆 20, 行程限位杆 20的轴线与导向轴 19的轴线平行, 行程限位杆 20的 伸入长度可以调节。 以上所述, 仅是本发明的较佳实施例, 并非对本发明做任何形式上的限 制, 凡是依据本发明的技术实质上对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、 等同 变化, 均落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、一种双导向的拨叉传动箱,包括拨叉箱本体(18),在拨叉箱本体(18 ) 上安装有拨叉传动结构, 其特征在于: 在拨叉箱本体 (18) 上安装有两个平 行的导向轴(19), 在两个导向轴(19)之间安装有沿导向轴自由滑动的传动 滑块组件, 传动滑块组件与拨叉传动结构连接。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 所述 传动滑块组件包括传动滑块本体(6), 在传动滑块本体(6)的两侧安装有装 配块 (10), 所述装配块 (10) 与传动滑块本体 (6) 接触的面向内凹陷形成 圆柱形凹槽 (14), 在凹槽 (14) 底部设置有条状的通孔 (15 ), 条状的通孔
( 15 ) 将装配块 ( 10) 的两侧连通。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在所 述传动滑块本体(6)上设置有两个相互平行且垂直于装配块(10)的导向孔
(7), 在传动滑块本体 (6) 侧面安装有贯穿传动滑块本体 (6) 的滑块传动 销 (8 ), 滑块传动销 (8) 的轴线垂直于两个导向孔 (7 ) 轴线所在的平面, 在凸出于传动滑块本体 (6) 的滑块传动销 (8) 上套装有传动块 (9)。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在所 述装配块 (10) 上设置有缺口 (11 ), 缺口 (11 ) 位于导向孔 (7 ) 的延长线 上, 且其直径与导向孔 (7 ) 的直径相匹配。
5、根据权利要求 3所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在所 述导向孔 (7) 内部安装有滑动衬套 (12)。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 所述 拨叉传动结构包括转筒 (1 ), 转筒 (1 ) 内部为空腔结构, 在所述转筒 (1 ) 上焊接有两片套装在转筒 (1) 上的拨叉片 (2), 在每个拨叉片 (2) 上均设 置有滑槽 (3)。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在所 述转筒(1)的内部侧壁上设置有两个键槽(4), 两个键槽(4)关于滑槽(3) 的轴线对称分布。
8、根据权利要求 6所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在转 筒 (1) 和拨叉片 (2) 连接处的焊疤形成加强连接环 (5)。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种双导向的拨叉传动箱, 其特征在于: 在拨 叉箱本体 (18) 上安装有位于两个导向轴 (19) 之间且与两个导向轴 (19) 平行的行程限位杆 (20)。
PCT/CN2013/081729 2012-09-17 2013-08-19 一种双导向的拨叉传动箱 WO2014040475A1 (zh)

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