WO2014037763A1 - 便携式水电池元件及以其组成的水电池装置 - Google Patents
便携式水电池元件及以其组成的水电池装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014037763A1 WO2014037763A1 PCT/IB2012/054678 IB2012054678W WO2014037763A1 WO 2014037763 A1 WO2014037763 A1 WO 2014037763A1 IB 2012054678 W IB2012054678 W IB 2012054678W WO 2014037763 A1 WO2014037763 A1 WO 2014037763A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- cloth
- water battery
- salt
- carbonized
- Prior art date
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-BJUDXGSMSA-N lead-206 Chemical compound [206Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/222—Inorganic material
- H01M50/224—Metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
- H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
- H01M50/227—Organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/627—Filling ports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/32—Deferred-action cells activated through external addition of electrolyte or of electrolyte components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/32—Deferred-action cells activated through external addition of electrolyte or of electrolyte components
- H01M6/34—Immersion cells, e.g. sea-water cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply device, and more particularly to a portable water battery component and a water battery device comprising the same.
- CN201616475U discloses a water battery comprising a negative electrode inner cylinder made of metal, an oxidizing substance powder filling material filled in the inner cylinder of the negative electrode, and a carbon rod-shaped positive electrode current collector inserted into the powder filling material.
- a negative electrode inner cylinder made of metal
- an oxidizing substance powder filling material filled in the inner cylinder of the negative electrode
- a carbon rod-shaped positive electrode current collector inserted into the powder filling material.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a long-term storage, convenient storage and transportation, and only need to be injected only by injecting water or other electrolytic turbid liquid or other neutral liquid, and can be quickly supplied with power, and initially Portable water battery components and devices that are excellent in voltage and current characteristics during long-term use.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- a portable water battery element characterized in that it comprises a carbonized cloth constituting a positive electrode, a positive electrode lead electrode electrically connected to the carbonized cloth, a salt-containing cloth closely connected to the carbonized cloth, and a water-absorbent paper closely connected to the salt-containing cloth.
- a negative electrode metal member which is closely connected to the water absorbent paper and constitutes a negative electrode
- a negative electrode lead electrode electrically connected to the negative electrode metal member
- a carbonized cloth a positive electrode lead electrode, a salt-containing cloth, an absorbent paper, a negative electrode metal member, and a negative electrode
- a heat shrinkable tube in which the electrodes are pressed against each other.
- the salt-containing cloth is a multi-layer woven cotton cloth impregnated with salt.
- the carbonized cloth is a woven fabric, a woven fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric which is made of a woven fabric, a woven fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric woven from a fiber of a cellulose-based fiber, which is heated and carbonized.
- the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 5% or more.
- the negative metal member is a pair of metal fixing plates which clamp and fix the closely-bonded carbonized cloth, the salt-containing cloth and the water-absorbent paper.
- the portable water battery component further includes a positive electrode support plate, the positive electrode extraction electrode is fixed to the positive electrode support plate, and the carbonization cloth is closely connected around the positive electrode support plate for fixing the positive electrode extraction electrode.
- the invention also provides a water battery device, comprising a casing, wherein one or more water battery components are arranged in the casing, and the casing is provided with a water injection hole for injecting liquid into the casing to make the water absorbent paper of the water battery component absorb water.
- the housing is also provided with an outer lead outlet.
- the water battery device further includes a water tank And a pressing device;
- the water tank is disposed above the casing, the inside of which is pre-stored with water, and is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is provided with a sealing film for sealing the discharge port;
- the water injection hole of the casing is provided with a protruding water injection pipe, the water injection pipe The upper end forms a tip end and is disposed corresponding to the discharge port; the pressing device moves the water tank downward so that the tip end of the water injection pipe pierces the closing film of the discharge port to inject water in the water tank into the casing.
- a detachment preventing means for preventing the water tank from being depressed may be provided.
- the present invention also provides another water battery device comprising a housing having a water battery element group consisting of one or more of the aforementioned water battery elements, and a water battery element group moving device; the bottom of the housing is bottomed
- the water-repellent paper, the salt-containing cloth and the water-absorbing sponge are stacked in the upper order; the housing is provided with a water injection hole for injecting liquid to the bottom of the housing; and the water battery element group moving device sets the water battery element group above the bottom of the housing Move between the position and the lower position of the bottom of the contact housing.
- the water battery element group includes a plurality of water battery elements, and plastic stopper plates are provided at both ends to clamp a plurality of water battery elements disposed in the middle.
- a partition is provided between the preset number of water battery elements, and a water absorbent sponge is disposed between the partitions on the lower side of the water battery element.
- the electric energy chemical electronic formula of the present invention is Mg+Cu2CI2+6H20 ⁇ 2Cu+MgCI2 '6H20, the starting voltage of the water battery element is 1.60 ⁇ 1.80V, the working voltage is 1.4 ⁇ 1.5V, and the electric charge thereof
- the amount is about twice as large as the same volume of zinc-manganese dry battery. It has good temperature adaptability and can be used at -20 ⁇ 60 °C. Its storage rate is only about 3% per year during storage, so its storage life can be as long as 5 years.
- the water battery device of the present invention does not need to inject a liquid such as water in a non-operating state, it is very easy to carry and store the liquid battery device. Since there is no liquid, the water battery element does not react and can be stored for a long period of time.
- the structure of the water battery element of the present invention requires only a small amount of liquid to contact with the water-absorbent paper to enable it to generate electricity, so that it can be activated by adding water or sea water during temporary use in any occasion, 5 seconds or half an hour after activation.
- the multi-layer woven cotton cloth is used as the salt-containing cloth, the initial voltage and the initial current are greatly increased, and the voltage and current drop due to the time change are also very small, so the operating voltage is very stable.
- the service life can reach 1488 hours at a time.
- the heat shrinkable tube structure of the water battery element of the present invention causes the carbonized cloth, the positive electrode lead-out electrode, the salt-containing cloth, the water-absorbent paper, the negative electrode metal member, and the negative electrode lead-out electrode to be pressed against each other, so that the distance between the negative electrode and the positive electrode is basically It can be kept on a certain level.
- the electrical connection between the carbonized cloth and the positive electrode lead-out electrode and the electrical connection between the negative electrode metal member and the negative electrode lead-out electrode are made possible by the assembly of the heat shrinkable tube, and the assembly process only needs to be assembled by the heat shrinkable tube. Since it can be implemented reliably, the manufacturing process is very easy and the manufacturing cost is very low.
- the invention can be used for LED lights, field lighting, safety lighting, small power supply lighting, 1 V-28V It has a wide range of applications, such as DC electrical power supply, gift power supply, DC charger, power storage, power supply for viewing appliances, and emergency or urgent need for lighting.
- the main raw material of the water battery element of the present invention is carbon powder and clean water, does not contain heavy metal substances, does not pollute the environment, and can be recycled many times, and the production cost is also greatly reduced.
- Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1.
- Fig. 3 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the salt concentration of the salt-containing cloth, and the initial voltage.
- Fig. 4 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the salt concentration of the salt-containing cloth, and the initial current.
- Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the standing time and the voltage when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 10%.
- Fig. 6 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the standing time and the voltage when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 20%.
- Fig. 7 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the standing time and the current when the salt concentration of the salt-containing cloth is 10%.
- Fig. 8 shows the relationship between the type of carbonized cloth, the standing time and the current when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 20%.
- Fig. 9 shows the relationship between the number of layers of the salt-containing cloth, the salt concentration of the salt-containing cloth, and the initial voltage.
- Fig. 10 shows the relationship between the number of layers of the salt-containing cloth, the salt concentration of the salt-containing cloth, and the initial current.
- Fig. 1 1 shows the relationship between the number of salt-containing layers, the standing time and the voltage when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 10%.
- Fig. 12 shows the relationship between the number of salt-containing layers, the standing time and the voltage when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 20%.
- Fig. 13 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of salt-containing layers, the standing time, and the current when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 10%.
- Fig. 14 is a graph showing the relationship between the number of salt-containing layers, the standing time, and the current when the salt-containing cloth has a salt concentration of 20%.
- Fig. 15 shows the relationship between the start of power generation time and the voltage when a salt-containing cloth and a salt-free cloth are used.
- Fig. 16 shows the relationship between the start of power generation time and the current when a salt-containing cloth and a salt-free cloth are used.
- Fig. 17 shows the relationship between the standing time and the voltage when a salt-containing cloth and a salt-free cloth are used.
- Fig. 18 shows the relationship between the standing time and the current when a salt-containing cloth and a salt-free cloth are used.
- Fig. 19 shows the relationship between the electrode area and voltage and current.
- Figure 20 shows the relationship between the number of extraction electrodes and voltage and current.
- Fig. 21 is a perspective view showing the second embodiment.
- Fig. 22 is a perspective view showing eight water battery elements provided in the casing in the second embodiment.
- Fig. 23 is a view showing the wiring state of eight water battery elements provided in the casing of the second embodiment.
- Fig. 24 is a perspective view showing the third embodiment.
- Fig. 25 is a perspective view showing the fourth embodiment.
- Fig. 26 is a view showing the assembly of the components of the fifth embodiment.
- Fig. 27 is a view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment.
- Fig. 28 is a perspective view showing the sixth embodiment.
- Fig. 29 is a view showing the internal structure of the sixth embodiment in the non-operating state.
- Fig. 30 is a view showing the internal structure of the sixth embodiment in the preparation state.
- Fig. 31 is a view showing the internal structure of the sixth embodiment in the operating state.
- Figure 32 is a perspective view showing the water battery indicator set of the sixth embodiment.
- Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- the water battery element 10 of the present embodiment includes a carbonized cloth 14 constituting a positive electrode, a positive electrode extraction electrode 12 electrically connected to the carbonization cloth 14, a salt-containing cloth 15 closely connected to the carbonization cloth 14, and a salt-containing cloth.
- the shrink cloth cover member 20 of the salt cloth 15, the water absorbent paper 16, the negative electrode metal member 17 and the negative electrode lead electrode 18, and the positive electrode support plate 1 are fixed to the positive electrode support plate 1 1 and the carbonized cloth. 14 is tightly connected to fix the periphery of the positive electrode support plate 1 of the positive electrode lead-out electrode 12.
- the positive electrode supporting plate 1 1 is a flat plate made of an insulating material such as plastic.
- the positive electrode extraction electrode 12 is a flat plate that is connected to one or both sides of the positive electrode support plate 1 and is made of a conductive metal material such as copper. As shown in Fig. 2(A), the positive electrode lead electrode 12 is spliced to one end of the positive electrode lead 13 to be electrically connected.
- the carbonized cloth 14 is closely adhered to the positive electrode supporting plate 1 1 and wound longitudinally around the positive electrode supporting plate 11 .
- the carbonized cloth 14 is preferably a woven fabric, a braid, and a braid woven from a fiber of a cellulose-based fiber.
- a woven fabric, a woven fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric obtained by heating or carbonizing a woven or non-woven fabric as a raw material fiber cloth.
- the carbonized cloth 14 of the present embodiment is a carbonized cloth supplied by New Japan Turks Co., Ltd., which is woven not from straight carbon fibers but woven from a fiber of cellulose fibers.
- the cloth, the braid, the woven cloth or the non-woven fabric is made by heating and carbonizing the raw material fiber cloth. Since the raw material fiber cloth is soft and has a free directivity, the fiber not only extends in the surface direction but also fully cooperates in the thickness direction. Not only the surface direction, but also very good electrical conductivity, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and compressive strength in the thickness direction. According to experiments, the use of the carbonized cloth of the present invention can provide better voltage and current characteristics. The experimental details are as follows:
- the sample 1, the sample 2, and the sample 3 of the water battery element 10 were made of the material of Table 1, wherein the carbonized cloth 14 of the sample 1 was a woven fabric of a cellulose-based fiber supplied by New Japan Turks Co., Ltd. a fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric as a raw material fiber cloth, which is heated and carbonized to obtain a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric (that is, a carbonized fabric of the present embodiment), and the terminal voltage and the terminal of each sample are measured.
- the current value and the terminal voltage are equivalent to the values calculated from the voltage drop caused by the voltage and internal resistance.
- the experimental results are shown in Figures 3 to 8.
- the carbonization cloth of this embodiment is much higher in initial voltage and initial current than the general carbonized cloths A and B which are commercially available. Further, as shown in Figs. 5 to 8, when the carbonized cloth of the present embodiment is used, compared with the conventional carbonized cloths A and B which are commercially available, the decrease in voltage and current is small as the standing time increases. From this, it can be seen that the use of the carbonized cloth of this embodiment can obtain very superior electrical characteristics.
- the salt-containing cloth 15 is in close contact with the carbonized cloth 14, and is wound longitudinally around the carbonized cloth 14.
- the salt-containing cloth 15 is formed by immersing the degreased cloth in a saturated saline solution and drying it. Once the salt is wetted, it dissolves and acts as an electrolyte medium.
- the salt-containing cloth 15 of the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of layers of woven cotton cloth having two or more layers, and has a salt concentration of 5% or more. According to experiments, multi-layer woven cotton with a salt concentration of 5% or more can provide better electrical characteristics. The experimental details are as follows:
- Sample 1, sample 2, and sample 3 of the water battery element 10 were prepared in the material of Table 2, wherein the carbonized cloth 14 as a positive electrode was a woven fabric of a cellulose-based fiber supplied by New Japan Turks Co., Ltd. , braided fabric, woven fabric or non-woven fabric as raw material fiber cloth, which is heated and carbonized to make woven fabric, braided fabric, woven fabric or non-woven fabric, and the terminal voltage and terminal current value of each sample are measured, and the terminal voltage is equivalent The voltage and internal resistance caused by the voltage drop are calculated values. It should be noted that the sizes of the positive and negative electrodes in the actual product are not limited to the size of the above samples, and positive and negative electrodes of various sizes are suitable. The experimental results are shown in Figures 9 through 14.
- the initial voltage and the initial current when using the two-layer woven cotton cloth are much higher than those of the one-layer woven cotton cloth. Cotton is even higher.
- a cotton cloth constituting a salt-containing cloth when a two-layer woven cotton cloth is used as compared with the use of a one-layer woven cotton cloth, the voltage and current are reduced with an increase in the standing time. When using a 3-layer woven cotton cloth, the voltage and current are reduced as the placement time increases.
- the salt-containing cloth 15 is preferably a plurality of layers of woven cotton cloth. According to the experimental results, it is estimated that the electric properties are also improved by using a plurality of layers of woven cotton cloth to contain more salt components between the layers. Further, as is clear from Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, when a salt-containing cloth 15 of a plurality of layers (i.e., two or three layers) of woven cotton cloth is used, if the salt concentration is 5% or more, a sufficiently large initial voltage and an initial stage can be obtained. Current.
- this test example only tested the salt concentration to 25%, and the initial voltage was saturated at a salt concentration of 15%. Therefore, it is estimated that good characteristics can be obtained even if it exceeds 25%. Moreover, the initial current also increases as the salt concentration increases, so It is expected that good characteristics can be obtained even if it exceeds 25%. Further, it can be seen from Fig. 11 to Fig. 14 that if a salt-containing cloth 15 of a plurality of layers of woven cotton cloth is used, it can be maintained after a long standing time when the salt concentration is 20% as compared with the case where the salt concentration is 10%. Preferred voltage and current characteristics. According to the above experimental results, when the salt-containing cloth 15 of a plurality of layers of woven cotton cloth is used, good voltage and current characteristics can be obtained as long as the salt concentration is 5% or more.
- the sample 1 and the sample 2 of the water battery element 10 were made of the material of Table 2, and the carbonized cloth 14 as a positive electrode was a woven fabric or braided fabric of a cellulose-based fiber supplied by New Japan Turks Co., Ltd. , woven or non-woven fabric is a raw material fiber cloth, which is heated and carbonized to obtain a woven fabric, a braided fabric, a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric, and the terminal voltage and the terminal current value of each sample are measured, and the terminal voltage is equivalent to the voltage and the internal voltage. The voltage caused by the resistor drops the calculated value.
- the size of the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the actual product is not limited to the size of the above sample, and both positive and negative electrodes of various sizes are suitable.
- the experimental results are shown in Figures 15 to 18.
- a large voltage and current can be obtained when a salt-containing cotton cloth is used, and power generation is also much faster.
- Fig. 17 and Fig. 18 when a salt-containing cotton cloth is used, the voltage and current are reduced with an increase in the standing time as compared with the case of using a cotton cloth containing no salt. Therefore, the use of a salt-containing cotton cloth gives better electrical properties than the use of a salt-free cotton cloth.
- the water absorbent paper 16 is closely laminated with the salt-containing cloth 15 and wound around the salt-containing cloth 15 laterally.
- the water-absorbent paper 16 is made of natural pulp having a density of 1% or less. As long as the water-absorbent paper 16 is in contact with a small amount of liquid, the liquid is absorbed by the water-absorbent paper 16 like a capillary phenomenon, and is contained.
- the salt cloth 15 is completely wetted, and the salt contained in the salt-containing cloth 15 is eluted into the liquid, and functions as an electrolyte medium between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the negative electrode metal member 17 is a pair of magnesium metal plates. As shown in FIG. 2(E), a pair of magnesium metal plates clamp the water absorbent paper 16, and the faces of the pair of magnesium metal plates are closely laminated and adhered to each other. Sex paper 16.
- the negative metal member may also be made of other metals having a high ionization tendency, such as aluminum, lithium, and the like; Further, the negative electrode metal member 17 is not limited to a pair of metal plates, and a metal plate or other metal material may be laminated and adhered to only one surface of the water absorbent paper 16.
- the negative electrode lead-out electrode 18 is a rivet made of a conductive material such as copper, which is inserted into a pair of magnesium metal plates as the negative electrode metal member 17 for fixing. As shown in Fig. 2(E), each of the negative electrode extraction electrodes 18 is spliced to one end of the negative electrode lead 19 to achieve electrical connection.
- the heat shrinkable tube 20 presses the carbonized cloth, the positive electrode lead-out electrode, the salt-containing cloth, the water-absorbent paper, the negative electrode metal member, and the negative electrode lead-out electrode, as follows:
- the layered body in which the salt-containing cloth 15, the water-absorbent paper 16, the negative electrode metal member 17, and the negative electrode lead-out electrode 18 are laminated to each other is temporarily fixed with a tape, and this temporarily fixed laminate is placed in the heat-shrinkable tube 20 by heating.
- Fig. 2(F) the entire temporarily fixed laminate is firmly fixed by the heat shrinkable tube 20 to form the water battery element 10.
- the positive electrode support plate 1 1 , the positive electrode lead-out electrode 12 , the carbonized cloth 14 , the salt-containing cloth 15 , the water-absorbent paper 16 , the negative electrode metal member 17 , and the negative electrode lead-out electrode 18 are firmly pressed and fixed to each other by the heat shrinkable tube 20 , and thus the negative electrode and the negative electrode
- the distance of the positive electrode can be kept substantially constant.
- the assembly of the heat shrinkable tube 20 makes it possible to electrically connect the carbonized cloth 14 and the positive electrode lead-out electrode 12. Moreover, this joining operation can be carried out as long as the heat shrinkable tube 20 is assembled, the work becomes very easy, and the manufacturing cost is also very low.
- Fig. 19 shows the relationship between the electrode area of the water battery element 10 and the voltage and current
- Fig. 20 shows the relationship between the number of the extraction electrodes on the negative electrode, for example, the voltage and current in the water battery element 10.
- the voltage characteristics and current characteristics do not change even if the area of the electrode changes; however, the current characteristics are greatly changed once the number of the extraction electrodes mounted on the negative electrode or the positive electrode is changed. The user can appropriately set the area and number of electrodes according to the required voltage and current capacity.
- Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
- the water battery device of the present embodiment includes a housing 50 having eight water battery elements as described in the first embodiment.
- the housing 50 includes an upper open rectangular parallelepiped case 51 made of a plastic material, and a cover 52 that closes the case 51.
- a side surface 51a of the casing 51 is provided with a concave convex portion 53a having a "concave” shape in cross section and a convex convex portion 54a having a convex shape in cross section, and the opposite side surface 51b is provided with a section "concave”.
- the concave convex portion 53a and the convex convex portion 54a or the concave convex portion 53b and the convex convex portion 54b and the convex convex portion and the concave convex portion of the other casings may be fitted and combined with each other to perform a plurality of water battery devices. arrangement.
- the cover 52 is provided with a water injection hole 52a and an outer lead wire outlet 52b, and the water injection pipe 55 is inserted into the water injection hole.
- 52a, the positive lead 56a and the negative lead 56b are inserted into the external lead-out line outlet 52b.
- the water injection hole 52a is sealed with an adhesive or the like after the water injection pipe 55 is inserted, and the external lead wire outlet 52b is sealed with an adhesive or the like after the positive lead 56a and the negative lead 56b are inserted.
- the water injection pipe 55 is inclined at its upper end to form a sharp tip.
- the casing 51 is covered with a lid 52 and sealed with an adhesive, and the casing 50 is waterproof except for the water injection pipe 55. Further, the size of the casing 50 can be appropriately selected in accordance with the size and number of the water battery elements 10 to be internally mounted.
- the casing 50 of the present embodiment has a size of 85 mm in length, 25 mm in width, and 60 mm in height.
- the shape of the casing 50 is not necessarily limited to a rectangular shape, and may be a cylindrical shape, a tapered shape, a spherical shape, or any other shape.
- the eight water battery elements 10 are arranged one above another, and the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead of each of the water battery elements 10 are connected in parallel or in series and connected in series.
- the wiring state of the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead of each of the water battery elements 10 is not limited to this example, and various wiring states are also applicable depending on the necessity.
- liquid such as fresh water, salt water or seawater is not injected into the casing 50, and since liquid is not present, handling and storage are extremely easy. Moreover, if the liquid is not injected, the reaction does not substantially occur, so long-term storage becomes possible.
- the liquid can be recovered by additionally injecting the liquid.
- the salt-containing cloth 15 is a cloth in which two or more layers of woven cotton cloth are used to contain salt, a very high initial voltage and initial stage can be obtained. Current. Moreover, the voltage and current reduction after a long period of time is also very small.
- the carbonized cloth 14 is a special carbonized cloth, the initial voltage and the initial current are both high, and the voltage and current after a long period of time are also reduced.
- Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
- Fig. 24 shows another embodiment of the housing of the water battery device.
- the lengths of the side faces 81a and 81b of the casing 81 of the casing 80 of the present embodiment become shorter, and the lengths of the side faces 81c and 81d become longer, and
- These side faces 81a, 81b, 81c, and 81d are each provided with a concave convex portion 83a and a convex convex portion 84a, a concave convex portion 83b and a convex convex portion 84b, a concave convex portion 83c, and a A convex convex portion 84c, and a concave convex portion 83d and a convex convex portion 84d.
- Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
- Fig. 24 shows another embodiment of the housing of the water battery device.
- the lengths of the side faces 91 a, 91 b, 91 c and 91 d of the casing 91 of the casing 90 of the present embodiment are longer than those of the casing 50 of the second embodiment, and these side faces 91 a, 91 b, 91 c and 91 d are respectively provided with two concave convex portions 93a and two convex convex portions 94a, two concave convex portions 93b and two convex convex portions 94b, one concave convex portion 93c and one convex shape
- the convex portion 94c, and one concave convex portion 93d and one convex convex portion 94d are not limited to these patterns, and other various patterns are also applicable.
- Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
- 26 to 27 show another embodiment of the water battery device.
- This embodiment combines the three water battery devices 100a, 100b, 100c of the second embodiment into an emergency power supply device which can quickly and easily inject water to operate in an emergency.
- the three water battery devices 100a, 100b, and 100c are arranged side by side and fixed by fitting the concave convex portion and the convex convex portion, and the positive and negative leads of the respective water battery devices 100a, 100b, and 100c are appropriately connected to each other to obtain a final result.
- Lead 106 is arranged side by side and fixed by fitting the concave convex portion and the convex convex portion
- the emergency power supply unit is provided with three water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c matching the number of the water battery devices 100a, 100b, 100c, and the inside of these water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c is preliminarily stored, for example, 30 cc of fresh water, brine, sea water, etc. Liquid.
- Each of the water tanks is provided with a discharge port (for example, the water tank 107a is provided with a discharge port.
- These discharge ports are provided with a closing film (not shown) for sealing the discharge port, and the closing film is, for example, a film made of aluminum foil. The film can be sharpened. The object is pierced and ruptured, so that the water in the water tank is discharged from the discharge port.
- the upper ends of the water injection pipes 105a, 105b, 105c of the water battery devices 100a, 100b, 100c are sealingly inserted into the discharge ports of the water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c, respectively.
- the water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c are provided with a pressing device 108. When the pressing device 108 is pressed down in an emergency, the water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c can be simultaneously pressed, and the closing film in the discharge port is caused by the water injection pipes 105a, 105b.
- the tip of the 105c is inserted and broken, and the liquid in the water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c is injected into the water battery devices 100a, 100b, 100c through the water injection pipe. So just press
- the lower pressing device 108 allows the liquids of the plurality of water tanks 107a, 107b, 107c to be simultaneously injected into the plurality of water battery devices 100a, 100b, 100c, and the emergency power supply device can be easily and quickly operated in an emergency.
- a detachable pressure preventing means 109 is provided to prevent the water tank from being depressed in a general non-emergency situation. By providing this depression preventing means 109, it is possible to prevent the emergency power supply unit from being operated due to an erroneous operation.
- the emergency power supply unit 120 of the present embodiment can be housed in the case 121 to be operated only in an emergency.
- the emergency power supply device of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the number, structure and arrangement pattern of the water battery device, the number, shape, structure and arrangement of the water tank, and the shape and structure of the pressing device are not limited. And the configuration and the mounting method, the structure of the depressing prevention device, and the configuration and mounting method can be appropriately designed.
- the housing 200 of the present embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped made of a plastic material, and is composed of a box 201 that is open on the upper surface, a cover body 202 that closes the upper surface thereof, and a plurality of screws 203.
- the screw 203 serves as a fixed cover body 202 in the cabinet. 201 above.
- the tank 201 as a container can accommodate water inside.
- One surface of the casing 200 (the upper surface 200a of the present embodiment) is provided with a movable handle 204 for moving the water battery element group 210 accommodated inside the casing 200 up and down between the working position and the work preparation position, the water injection hole 205 penetrating therethrough, And an outer lead line outlet 207 for the positive and negative leads 206.
- the water injection hole 205 is normally closed by a resilient closure bolt 208.
- an action lever can also be mounted on the side of the housing 200 in place of the movable handle 204.
- the water injection hole 205 and the outer lead wire outlet 207 may be provided on the side of the casing 200.
- a drain port which is normally closed by a closed plug may be disposed below the side of the casing 200 to discharge excess moisture.
- the water battery element group 210 housed inside the casing 200 is laminated by 15 water battery elements 10 electrically connected to each other, and clamped by plastic holding plates 21 1 and 212 disposed at both ends in the stacking direction.
- the holding plates 21 1 and 212 are fixed by a plurality of eight locking screws 213.
- the number of the water battery elements 10 and the method of their connection can be appropriately set according to the necessary voltage and current capacity.
- Figure 32 is a view showing the bottom surface and the side surface of the water battery element group 210. As shown, a partition 214 is inserted between every three water battery elements 10. Further, a water-absorbent sponge 215 is inserted between the partitions 214 on the lower side of the water battery element 10.
- a water absorbent paper 216, a salt-containing cloth 217, and a water-absorbent sponge 218 are stacked in this order from bottom to top.
- Fig. 29 shows the internal structure of the casing 200 when the water battery device is in an inoperative state.
- the water battery element group 210 may be located above the bottom surface 201a of the casing 201, or may be in contact with the sponge 218 or the like at a lower position as shown.
- the support screw 219 disposed at the center of the upper portion of the water battery element group 210 is connected to the shaft 204a of the operation handle 204, and the water battery element group 210 is also movable in the vertical direction when the operation handle 204 is moved up and down.
- the operating handle 204 is fixed to the upper position by the repulsive force of the spring 204b as shown in Fig. 29, whereby the water battery element group 210 can be held at the upper position as shown in Fig. 30.
- the wedge-shaped slider can be inserted into the spring position of the operating handle 204, and the shaft 204a of the operating handle 204 is not moved downward.
- liquid such as fresh water, salt water, or sea water is not injected into the casing 200, so that it is very easy to carry and store.
- the water battery element group 210 does not substantially react and can be stored for a long time.
- Fig. 30 shows the internal structure of the casing 200 when the water battery device is in a ready-to-operate state.
- a small amount of liquid such as tap water is injected into the casing 200 through the water injection hole 205, and the liquid 220 is accumulated in the bottom of the casing 200, and the bottom surface 200a of the casing 200 is completely wetted by the water absorbent paper 216, and the liquid 220 is The salt-containing cloth 217 is wetted and the salt is dissolved into the liquid to adsorb the salt water on the sponge 218.
- the water cell component group 210 is moved to the lower position to contact the sponge 218 on the bottom surface 201a of the casing 201.
- the action handle 204 is rotated to resist the repulsive force of the action handle 204 and the spring 204b, thereby screwing into a screw mechanism (not shown) and moving to the lower position, and holding the water battery element group 210 at a lower position.
- the liquid 220 is absorbed by the capillary phenomenon, and the liquid 200 is transferred to the respective water battery elements 10 of the water battery element group 210 through the sponge 215 which is in contact with the sponge 218.
- the water battery element group 210 is moved to the lower position so that the sponge 218 and the sponge 215 of the water battery element group 210 are in contact for about 1 minute to sufficiently wet the water battery element group 210; of course, a longer time contact is also possible.
- the operation of the operation handle 204 causes the water battery element group 210 to be fixed at the upper position, and the water battery device enters the operating state to generate electric power.
- the water cell component group 210 is not in contact with the liquid 220.
- the opening of the casing 201 is closed by the lid 202, and is fixed by the screw 203, and may be sealed with an adhesive if necessary, so that the casing 200 is external to the water injection hole 205 and the lead 206.
- the outlet of the outlet is waterproof.
- the size of the casing 200 can be appropriately selected in accordance with the size and number of the water battery elements 10 housed therein. In the present embodiment, the size of the casing 200 is set to be 200 mm long, 120 mm wide, and 10 10 mm high.
- the shape of the casing is also not limited to the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and may be a cylindrical shape, a tapered shape, a spherical shape or any other shape.
- the water battery can be made by simply injecting water from a water injection hole 205.
- Each of the water battery elements 10 of the component group 210 operates to generate sufficient voltage and current.
- the water absorbent paper 216 and the water absorbent sponge 218 are laid on the bottom surface 200a of the casing 200, the water retention property is good, and power generation can be performed for a long time after one water injection. Since the water is injected from a water injection hole 205, the adjustment of the water injection amount is also easy. Further, the water battery element group 210 is moved to the lower position and wetted only when the working state is ready, and the hydroelectric element group 210 does not come into contact with the liquid in the operating state. Therefore, even if the water injection amount is large, the electrical short circuit is not caused.
- the casing 200 is made of a plastic material, but in other embodiments, a plastic film such as PET, plastic or acryl or a laminated cover or bag may be applied to the aluminum foil.
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Abstract
一种供电装置,特别是一种便携式水电池元件及以其组成的水电池装置。水电池元件包括构成正极的碳化布、与碳化布电气性连接的正极引出电极、与碳化布紧密连接的含盐布、与含盐布紧密连接的吸水性纸、与吸水性纸紧密连接并构成负极的负极金属件、与负极金属件电气性连接的负极引出电极、以及将碳化布、正极引出电极、含盐布、吸水性纸、负极金属件及负极引出电极相互压着的热收缩管。水电池装置包括壳体,壳体内设有一个或以上前述的水电池元件,壳体设有注水孔供注水至壳体内以使水电池元件的吸水性纸吸水。
Description
便携式水电池元件及以其组成的水电池装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种供电装置, 特别是一种便携式水电池元件及以其组成的水电 池装置。
背景技术
随着社会环保意识的提高,市面上出现了不少环保供电装置,例如是水电池。
CN201616475U 公开了一种水电池, 其包括金属制的负极内筒体、 填充在负极 内筒体内的氧化物质粉末填充材料、以及插入粉末填充材料内的碳质棒状正极集 电体。 使用时, 只需将水注入负极内筒体, 水渗透和扩散到粉末填充材料, 继而 起到氧化反应的催化作用, 使负极内筒体的内周面氧化并产生离子, 负极内筒体 和正极集电体之间产生电位差, 并产生电力。 不过, 由于水在粉末材料的渗透和 扩散速度较难控制, 故这种水电池的电流和电压表现并不理想。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点, 提供一种可以长期保存、 方便储存 和搬运、 只需注入只需注入水或其他电解駆动液或其它中性液体便可快速供电、 且初期及长期使用时的电压及电流特性都非常好的便携式水电池元件及其装置。
为实现上述目的, 本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 它包括构成正极的碳化布、 与碳化布 电气性连接的正极引出电极、 与碳化布紧密连接的含盐布、 与含盐布紧密连接的 吸水性纸、 与吸水性纸紧密连接并构成负极的负极金属件、 与负极金属件电气性 连接的负极引出电极、 以及将碳化布、 正极引出电极、 含盐布、 吸水性纸、 负极 金属件及负极引出电极相互压着的热收缩管。
其中, 含盐布为含浸了盐的多层织棉布。碳化布是由纤维素系纤维的线织成 的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化后制成的织布、 编 布、 编织布或不织布。 含盐布的含盐浓度在 5%以上。 负极金属件为一对金属固 定板, 其将紧密连接的碳化布、 含盐布和吸水性纸夹紧固定。 便携式水电池元件 还包括正极支持板, 正极引出电极固定于正极支持板上, 碳化布紧密连接固设正 极引出电极的正极支持板的周围。
本发明亦提供了一种水电池装置, 包括壳体, 壳体内设有一个或以上前述的 水电池元件,壳体设有注水孔供注入液体至壳体内以使水电池元件的吸水性纸吸 水。 壳体还设有外部引出线出口。 在其中一个实施例中, 水电池装置还包括水箱
和压下装置; 水箱设于壳体上方, 其内部预先储水, 并设置有排出口, 排出口内 设有密封排出口的闭止膜; 壳体的注水孔设置突出的注水管, 注水管上端形成尖 端并对应排出口设置;压下装置将水箱下移使注水管尖端刺穿排出口的闭止膜以 将水箱内的水注入至壳体内。此外, 还可设有可拆除的阻止水箱压下的压下阻止 装置。
本发明亦提供了另一种水电池装置, 其包括壳体, 壳体内设有由一个或以上 前述的水电池元件组成的水电池元件组、 水电池元件组移动装置; 壳体底部由下 而上顺序叠设有吸水性纸、含盐布和吸水性海棉; 壳体设有注水孔供注入液体至 壳体底部;水电池元件组移动装置将水电池元件组在远离壳体底部的上方位置和 接触壳体底部的下方位置之间移动。 水电池元件组包括多个水电池元件, 两端设 有塑料制保持板夹紧设于中间的多个水电池元件。预设数量的水电池元件之间设 有隔板, 隔板之间在水电池元件的下侧设有吸水性海棉。
本发明的有益效果如下:
1 . 本发明的电能化学电子式为 Mg+Cu2CI2+6H20→2Cu+MgCI2 ' 6H20, 水电池元件的开始电压为 1 .60〜1 .80V, 工作电压为 1 .4〜1 .5V, 其电荷量比同 体积锌锰干电池大一倍左右。 它有良好的温度适应性, 能在 -20〜60°C条件下使 用, 在储存期中其电荷量下降率每年仅 3%左右, 因此其储存寿命可长达 5年。
2. 本发明的水电池装置在非工作状态下壳体内无需注入水等液体, 因此搬 运及保管都非常的容易; 由于没有液体的存在, 故水电池元件不会发生反应, 可 以长期保存。
3. 本发明的水电池元件结构, 只需要少量液体与吸水性纸相触可使其工作 发电, 因此能在任何场合在临时使用时加清水或海水使之活化, 活化后 5秒或半 小时内即可使用; 而且, 由于利用了多层织棉布作为含盐布, 故初期电压和初期 电流大幅增大, 而因时间变化而导致的电压和电流下降亦非常少, 因此工作电压 十分平稳, 使用寿命一次可达 1488小时。
4. 此外, 本发明的水电池元件的热收缩管结构使碳化布、 正极引出电极、 含盐布、 吸水性纸、 负极金属件及负极引出电极相互压贴, 因此负极和正极间的 距离基本上可保持一定。 另外, 因热收缩管的组装使碳化布和正极引出电极间的 电气性连接及负极金属件与负极引出电极间的电气性连接变得可能, 而且, 组装 工序仅需通过热收缩管的装配就能确实的实施, 因此制作工序非常容易, 制造成 本也非常便宜。
5. 本发明能供 LED灯、 野外照明、 安全照明、 小型供电照明、 1 V-28V所
有直流电器供电、 礼品供电、 直流充电器、 电源储存器、 观赏用电器供电以及危 急或者迫切需要照明等使用, 用途广泛。
6. 本发明的水电池元件的主要原料是碳粉和清水, 不含重金属物质, 不会 对环境造成污染, 而且可以多次回收利用, 生产成本也大大降低。
附图说明
图 1是实施例一的结构示意图。
图 2(A)至 2(F)示出了实施例一的具体结构。
图 3示出碳化布种类、 含盐布的含盐浓度与初期电压的关系。
图 4示出碳化布种类、 含盐布的含盐浓度与初期电流的关系。
图 5示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 10%时的碳化布种类、 放置时间与电压的关 系。
图 6示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 20%时的碳化布种类、 放置时间与电压的关 系。
图 7示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 10%时的碳化布种类、 放置时间与电流的关 系。
图 8示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 20%时的碳化布种类、 放置时间与电流的关 系。
图 9示出含盐布的层数、 含盐布的含盐浓度与初期电压的关系。
图 10示出含盐布的层数、 含盐布的含盐浓度与初期电流的关系。
图 1 1示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 10%时的含盐布层数、放置时间与电压的关 系。
图 12示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 20%时的含盐布层数、放置时间与电压的关 系。
图 13示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 10%时的含盐布层数、放置时间与电流的关 系。
图 14示出含盐布的含盐浓度在 20%时的含盐布层数、放置时间与电流的关 系。
图 15示出使用含盐布和不含盐布时的开始发电时间和电压的关系。
图 16示出使用含盐布和不含盐布时的开始发电时间和电流的关系。
图 17示出使用含盐布和不含盐布时的放置时间和电压的关系。
图 18示出使用含盐布和不含盐布时的放置时间和电流的关系。
图 19示出电极面积与电压及电流的关系。
图 20示出引出电极的数量与电压及电流的关系。
图 21示出实施例二的立体图。
图 22示出实施例二中设于壳体内的 8个水电池元件的立体图。
图 23示出实施例二的设于壳体内的 8个水电池元件的接线状态图。
图 24示出实施例三的立体图。
图 25示出实施例四的立体图。
图 26示出实施例五的部件组装图。
图 27示出实施例五的结构示意图。
图 28示出实施例六的立体图。
图 29示出实施例六在非工作状态时的内部结构图。
图 30示出实施例六在准备工作状态时的内部结构图。
图 31示出实施例六在工作状态时的内部结构图。
图 32示出实施例六的水电池示件组的立体图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细描述, 但本发明的实施方式不 限于此。
实施例一:
图 1至 2示出了本发明水电池元件的一个实施例。如图所示, 本实施例的水 电池元件 10包括构成正极的碳化布 14、 与碳化布 14电气性连接的正极引出电 极 12、 与碳化布 14紧密连接的含盐布 15、 与含盐布 15紧密连接的吸水性纸 16、 与吸水性纸 16紧密连接并构成负极的负极金属件 17、 与负极金属件 17电 气性连接的负极引出电极 18、 将碳化布 14、 正极引出电极 12、 含盐布 15、 吸 水性纸 16、 负极金属件 17及负极引出电极 18相互压着的收缩盖板部材 20、 以 及正极支持板 1 1, 正极引出电极 12固定于正极支持板 1 1上,碳化布 14紧密连 接固设正极引出电极 12的正极支持板 1 1 的周围。
下面就本实施例的各个部件作进一步说明:
正极支持板 1 1是由例如是塑料等的绝缘材料做成的平板。
正极引出电极 12是连接于正极支持板 1 1的一面或两面的平板,其以例如是 铜等的导电性金属材料做成。 如图 2(A)所示, 正极引出电极 12与正极引线 13 一端进行悍接, 以进行电气性连接。
如图 2(B)所示, 碳化布 14紧密粘贴在正极支持板 1 1 上, 并纵向地围绕正 极支持板 1 1缠绕。碳化布 14优选是由纤维素系纤维的线织成的织布、编布、编
织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化后制成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织 布。作为示例, 本实施例的碳化布 14采用新日本特克斯株式会社提供的碳化布, 这种碳化布不是用刚直的碳纤维织成的,而是使用由纤维素系纤维的线织成的织 布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布加热碳化后制成, 由于原料纤维布自身 柔软并具有自由的方向性, 因此纤维不只朝面方向伸展, 也朝厚度的方向充分的 配合, 因此不仅仅是面方向, 而且在厚度方向也具有非常良好的导电性、 诱电特 性、 热传导性及压缩强度。 根据实验证明, 使用本发明的碳化布可提供较佳的电 压及电流特性, 实验详情如下:
实验一:
以表 1 的材料制成水电池元件 10的样品一、 样品二和样品三, 其中样品一 的碳化布 14是新日本特克斯株式会社提供的由纤维素系纤维的线织成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化后制成的织布、 编布、 编织 布或不织布 (即本实施例的碳化布) , 并测量各样品的端子电压和端子电流值, 端子电压相当于以起电压和内部电阻导致的电压降下计算的值, 实验结果如图 3 至图 8所示。
表 1 :
如图 3和图 4所示, 与市场销售的一般的碳化布 A和 B相比, 使用本实施 例的碳化布在初期电压和初期电流都要高很多。 而且, 如图 5至图 8所示, 比起 使用市场销售的一般的碳化布 A和 B, 使用本实施例的碳化布时, 随着放置时间 的增加, 电压及电流的减少都较小。 由此可见, 使用本实施例的碳化布能得到非 常优越的电气特性。
如图 2(C)所示, 含盐布 15与碳化布 14紧密贴合, 并纵向地围绕碳化布 14 缠绕。 在本实施例中, 含盐布 15是将脱脂布浸渍在饱和食盐水中使之干燥后构 成的, 一旦浸湿其盐份就会溶解出作为电解液媒体起作用。 为达到更佳的电压及
电流特性, 本实施例的含盐布 15是由一枚由 2层以上的复数层织棉布构成的, 其含盐浓度为 5%以上。 根据实验证明, 含盐浓度为 5%以上的多层织棉布可提 供较佳的电气特性, 实验详情如下:
实验二:
以表 2的材料制成水电池元件 10的样品一、 样品二和样品三, 其中作为正 极的碳化布 14 是新日本特克斯株式会社提供的由纤维素系纤维的线织成的织 布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化后制成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布, 并测量各样品的端子电压和端子电流值, 端子电压相当于以起 电压和内部电阻导致的电压降下计算的值。需注意的是实际制品中的正极及负极 的尺寸并不限制于上述样品的尺寸, 各种尺寸的正极和负极都适用。 实验结果如 图 9至图 14所示。
表 2:
如图 9和图 10所示那样, 作为构成含盐布 15的棉布, 与使用 1层织棉布 相比, 使用 2层织棉布时的初期电压和初期电流都要高很多, 如果使用 3层织棉 布的话就更高。 而且, 从图 1 1至图 14可知, 作为构成含盐布的棉布, 与使用 1 层织棉布相比, 使用 2层织棉布时, 随着放置时间的增加, 电压及电流的减少都 较小; 使用 3层织棉布时, 随着放置时间的增加, 电压及电流的减少就更小了。 由此可见, 与使用 1层织棉布相比, 使用 2层织棉布能得到更好的电气特性, 使 用 3层织棉布的话更能得到好的电气特性。 换而言之, 含盐布 15使用复数层织 棉布为最理想。根据实验结果推测, 通过使用复数层织棉布使各层间含有更多的 盐成分, 因此电气特性也提高。 而且从图 9和图 10可知, 使用了复数层 (即 2 层或 3层) 织棉布的含盐布 15时, 如果含盐浓度在 5%以上的话, 就能得到足 够大的初期电压和初期电流。 另外, 这个测试例只测试到含盐浓度到 25%为止 的情况, 初期电压在含盐浓度为 15%已为饱和状态, 因此推测即使超过 25%以 上也能得到良好的特性。 而且, 初期电流也随着含盐浓度的上升而增大, 因此可
预期即使超过 25%也能得到良好的特性。 进一步从图 1 1至图 14可知, 若使用 复数层织棉布的含盐布 15, 则与含盐浓度为 10%时相比, 含盐浓度为 20%时可 在较长的放置时间后维持较佳的电压和电流特性。 根据上述的实验结果, 使用复 数层织棉布的含盐布 15时, 只要含盐浓度在 5%以上就能得到良好的电压和电 流特性。
实验三:
以表 2的材料制成水电池元件 10的样品一和样品二, 其中作为正极的碳化 布 14是新日本特克斯株式会社提供的由纤维素系纤维的线织成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化后制成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不 织布, 并测量各样品的端子电压和端子电流值, 端子电压相当于以起电压和内部 电阻导致的电压降下计算的值。需注意的是实际制品中的正极及负极的尺寸并不 限制于上述样品的尺寸, 各种尺寸的正极和负极都适用。 实验结果如图 15至图 18所示。
表 2:
从图 15和图 16可知,与使用不含盐的棉布相比较,使用含盐的棉布时可得 到较大的电压和电流, 而且开始发电亦快很多。 另外, 从图 17和图 18可知, 与 使用不含盐的棉布相比较, 使用含盐的棉布时, 随着放置时间的增加, 电压及电 流的减少都较小。 因此, 与使用不含盐的棉布比较, 使用含盐的棉布能得到更好 的电气特性。
如图 2(D)所示, 吸水性纸 16与含盐布 15紧密层叠贴合, 并横向地围绕与 含盐布 15缠绕。 在本实施例中, 吸水性纸 16是用密度 1 %以下的天然纸浆制成 的纸, 吸水性纸 16只要接触少量液体, 液体便会像毛细管现象那样被吸水性纸 16吸收, 并使含盐布 15全部浸湿, 而含盐布 15中含有的盐会溶出到液体内, 作为正极与负极间的电解液媒体发挥作用。
负极金属件 17在本实施例中为一对镁金属板, 如图 2(E)所示, 一对镁金属 板夹紧吸水性纸 16, 一对镁金属板各自的面紧密层叠贴合吸水性纸 16。 在其它 实施例中, 负极金属件也可以采用其它高离子化倾向的金属制成, 如铝、 锂等;
而且,负极金属件 17也不只限于一对金属板,亦可以只在吸水性纸 16的单面层 叠紧密贴合一块金属板或其它金属材料。
负极引出电极 18在本实施例中是以例如铜等导电材料制成的铆钉, 其插入 作为负极金属件 17的一对镁金属板以作固定。 如图 2(E)所示, 各负极引出电极 18与负极引线 19的一端进行悍接, 以实现电气性连接。
热收缩管 20将碳化布、 正极引出电极、 含盐布、 吸水性纸、 负极金属件及 负极引出电极相互压着, 具体方法如下: 将正极支持板 1 1、 正极引出电极 12、 碳化布 14、 含盐布 15、 吸水性纸 16、 负极金属件 17及负极引出电极 18相互 层叠的层积体用胶布暂时固定, 然后将这个暂时固定的层积体放入热收缩管 20 内通过加热使热收缩管 20收缩; 通过这样, 如图 2(F)所示, 暂时固定的层积体 全体被收热收缩管 20坚固的固定在里面, 形成水电池元件 10。 因热收缩管 20 使正极支持板 1 1、 正极引出电极 12、 碳化布 14、 含盐布 15、 吸水性纸 16、 负 极金属件 17及负极引出电极 18相互坚固的压合固定,因此负极和正极的距离基 本上可保持一定。 另外, 热收缩管 20的装配使碳化布 14和正极引出电极 12的 电气性连接变得可能。 而且, 这个连接作业只要装配热收缩管 20就能确实的实 施, 作业工程变得非常容易, 制造成本也很便宜。
图 19显示了水电池元件 10的电极面积与电压及电流的关系, 图 20示出了 水电池元件 10 中例如是负极上的引出电极的数量与电压及电流的关系。 如图所 示, 即使电极的面积变化, 电压特性及电流特性都不会变化; 但是一旦使装在负 极或正极上的引出电极的数量变化的话, 特别是电流特性就会有很大的变化。 使 用者可根据所需要的电压和电流容量对电极的面积和数量进行适当的设定。
实施例二:
图 21至 23示出了本发明的水电池装置的一个实施例。 如图所示, 本实施例 的水电池装置包括壳体 50, 壳体 50内设有 8个如实施例一所述的水电池元件。 壳体 50包括用塑料材料制成的上面开口长方体箱体 51, 以及关闭箱体 51的盖子 52。
箱体 51 的一个侧面 51 a上设有断面呈《凹》形的凹状凸部 53a和断面呈《凸》 形的凸状凸部 54a, 其相对的侧面 51 b上设有断面呈 《凹》 形的凹状凸部 53b和 断面呈 《凸》 形的凸状凸部 54b。 凹状凸部 53a和凸状凸部 54a或凹状凸部 53b 和凸状凸部 54b与其他箱体的凸状凸部和凹状凸部可各自嵌合而互相组合, 以进 行多个水电池装置的排列。
盖子 52上有设有注水孔 52a和外部引出线出口 52b,注水管 55插入注水孔
52a, 正引线 56a及负引线 56b插入外部引出线出口 52b。 注水孔 52a在注水管 55插入后用粘接剂等密封其间隙, 外部引出线出口 52b在正引线 56a和负引线 56b插入后用粘接剂等密封。在本实施例中,注水管 55在其突出上端做倾斜开口, 形成很锐利的尖端。
箱体 51用盖体 52盖住, 并用粘接剂密封后, 壳体 50除了注水管 55以外是 防水的。 另外, 壳体 50的尺寸可根据内部装入的水电池元件 10的尺寸及数量进 行适当的选择, 本实施例的壳体 50尺寸为长 85mm、 阔 25mm、 高 60mm。 壳体 50的形状也不一定限制为长方形, 也可以是筒形形状、 锥形形状、 球形形状或者 其他任意的形状。
8个水电池元件 10相互重叠排列, 各个水电池元件 10的正极引线及负极引 线相互并联连接或串联连接并悍接。各个水电池元件 10的正极引线和负极引线的 接线状态也并不限定于本例, 根据必要各种接线状态也是可适用的。 内部装入的 水电池元件 10的个数、 接线形态可根据必要的电压及电流容量进行适当的设定。 在图 22及图 23中显示的接线状态中, 一个水电池装置可获得 1 .4V X 4 = 5.6V、 1 160mA的输出。
本实施例的操作方式如下:
在水电池装置的非工作状态时, 在壳体 50内没有注入淡水、 食盐水、 海水等 液体, 由于不存在液体, 因此搬运和保管都变得非常容易。 而且, 如果不注入液 体的话基本上不会发生反应, 所以长时间的保存变得可能。
要使水电池装置进入工作状态时,通过注水管 55向壳体 50内注入少量的(根 据容器大小来定量) 的自来水等的液体, 壳体 50的底部因而积存一点点的液体, 这液体被吸水性纸 16吸收并浸润含盐布 15全体, 而含盐布 15中含有的盐因此 会溶解到这个液体内, 作为含盐布 15和吸水性纸 16与正极的碳化布 14及作为 负极金属件 17的 1对镁金属板之间的电解液媒体起作用。 作为负极金属件 17的 1对镁金属板周围的氢离子会产生放电反应, 另一方面, 碳化布 14上对氢离子不 会反应的电子会从作为负极金属件 17的 1对镁金属板通过含盐布 15及吸水性纸 16向正极的碳化布 14移动, 产生电力。 由于碳化布 14与含盐布 15紧密相贴设 置, 含盐布 15又与吸水性纸 16紧密相贴设置, 吸水性纸 16又与离子化倾向高 的材料形成的作为负极金属件 17的 1对镁金属板紧密相贴设置,因此只需要少量 的液体与吸水性纸 16接触, 就可以让水电池装置开始工作。水电池装置的起电力 降低时追加注入液体就可以恢复起电力。 而且, 因为含盐布 15使用的是 1枚由 2 层以上的多层织棉布使其含有食盐的布, 因此, 可得到非常高的初期电压和初期
电流。 而且, 经过较长的放置时间后的电压及电流的降低也非常小。 在本实施例 中, 因碳化布 14使用的是特殊的碳化布, 因此初期电压及初期电流的都很高, 经 过较长的放置时间后的电压及电流的降低也很小。
实施例三:
图 24示出了水电池装置的壳体的另一个实施例。与实施例二的壳体 50相比, 本实施例的壳体 80的箱体 81 的侧面 81 a和 81 b的长度变短了,而且侧面 81 c和 81 d的长度变长了, 另外, 这些侧面 81 a、 81 b、 81 c和 81 d上各自设有一个凹状 凸部 83a和一个凸状凸部 84a、 一个凹状凸部 83b和一个凸状凸部 84b、 一个凹 状凸部 83c和一个凸状凸部 84c、 以及一个凹状凸部 83d和一个凸状凸部 84d。
实施例四:
图 24示出了水电池装置的壳体的另一个实施例。与实施例二的壳体 50相比, 本实施例的壳体 90的箱体 91 的侧面 91 a、 91 b、 91 c和 91 d的长度都变长了, 而且, 这些侧面 91 a、 91 b、 91 c及 91 d上各自设有两个凹状凸部 93a和两个凸状 凸部 94a、 两个凹状凸部 93b和两个凸状凸部 94b、 一个凹状凸部 93c和一个凸 状凸部 94c、 及一个凹状凸部 93d和一个凸状凸部 94d。 当然, 凸状凸部和凹状 凸部的数量和位置不只限于这些样式, 其他各种式样也是可适用的。
实施例五:
图 26至 27示出了水电池装置的另一个实施例。 本实施例将三个实施例二的 水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c组合成一个在紧急时刻能够迅速且容易的注水使其 工作的紧急电源装置。 三个水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c并列配置并通过凹状凸 部和凸状凸部相互嵌合进行固定, 将各个水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c的正负引 线进行适当的结线后得到最终的引线 106。紧急电源装置设有与水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c的数量相配的三个水箱 107a, 107b, 107c,这些水箱 107a, 107b, 107c 的内部预先储存了例如是 30cc的淡水、 食盐水、 海水等的液体。 各个水箱设置排 出口 (例如水箱 107a设置排出口 。 这些排出口内部设有密封排出口的闭 止膜 (图中未示) , 闭止膜例如是铝箔制的膜。 闭止膜可被尖锐的物体刺穿而破 裂, 使水箱内的水从排出口排出。
水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c的注水管 105a, 105b, 105c的上端分别密封地 插入水箱 107a, 107b, 107c的排出口。 水箱 107a, 107b, 107c上设有压下装置 108, 紧急时将压下装置 108向下压下, 可同时压下水箱 107a, 107b, 107c, 排出 口内的闭止膜因注水管 105a, 105b, 105c的尖端插入而破裂,令水箱 107a, 107b, 107c内的液体通过注水管注入到水电池装置 100a, 100b, 100c内。 因此, 只需按
下压下装置 108就可以使多个水箱 107a, 107b, 107c的液体同时注入到多个水电 池装置 100a, 100b, 100c内, 在紧急时可以容易且迅速的使紧急电源装置工作。
另夕卜, 在水箱 107a, 107b, 107c的排出口的下方、 设置了一个可以拆除的压 下阻止装置 109, 在一般非紧急情况下可以阻止水箱压下。 通过设置这个压下阻 止装置 109, 可以防止因错误操作导致紧急电源装置工作的情况。
本实施例的紧急电源装置 120可装在盒子 121 内保管, 使之仅在紧急时可工 作。
可理解的是, 本发明的紧急电源装置并不限定于上述的形态, 水电池装置的 数量、 构造及配列样式、 水箱的数量、 形状、 构造及配置装取方法、 压下装置的 形状、 构造及配置装取方法及压下阻止装置的构造及配置装取方法等都可以进行 适合的设计。
实施例六:
图 28至 32示出了水电池装置的另一个实施例。 本实施例的壳体 200是用塑 料材料制成的长方体, 由上面开口的箱体 201、 封闭其上面开口的盖体 202和多 个螺丝 203构成, 螺丝 203用作固定盖体 202于箱体 201上面。 箱体 201作为 容器其内部可容纳水。 壳体 200的一个面(本实施例是上面 200a)设置有使壳体 200内部容纳的水电池元件组 210在工作位置和工作准备位置之间上下移动的活 动把手 204, 贯通的注水孔 205、 以及正负引线 206用的外部引出线出口 207。 注水孔 205平常由有韧性的闭止栓 208闭止。在其它实施例中,也可以在壳体 200 的侧面安装动作杠杆以取代活动把手 204。 另外, 注水孔 205和外部引出线出口 207也可设置在壳体 200的侧面。 在其它的实施例中, 为了避免注水过多也可在 壳体 200侧面的下方设置平常用闭止栓封住的排水口, 以排出多余的水分。
壳体 200内部收纳的水电池元件组 210是由互相进行电气性结线的 15个水 电池元件 10进行层积, 并以朝层积方向两端配置的塑料制保持板 21 1和 212夹 紧, 保持板 21 1和 212之间用多个 8个锁付螺杆 213进行固定。 而且, 水电池元 件 10的数量和其结线方法可根据必要的电压及电流容量进行适合的设定。
图 32是显示水电池元件组 210的底面及侧面。 如图所示, 每 3个水电池元 件 10之间插入隔板 214。 而且, 在水电池元件 10的下侧的这些隔板 214间还插 入了有吸水性的海棉 215。
如图 29至 31所示,在壳体 200的箱体 201 的底面 201 a上有吸水性纸 216、 含盐布 217和有吸水性的海棉 218, 由从下而上的顺序重叠着。
水电池装置的操作方式如下:
图 29示出水电池装置在非工作状态时的壳体 200内部结构。在非工作状态时, 壳体 200内未注入液体,水电池元件组 210可以处于箱体 201底面 201 a的上方, 如图所示, 也可处于下方位置与海棉 218等接触。 虽然图中未示, 但是水电池元 件组 210的上部中央配置的支持螺杆 219与动作把手 204的轴 204a连接, 动作 把手 204上下移动时水电池元件组 210也能朝上下方向移动。动作把手 204通过 其弹簧 204b的反弹力, 如图 29所示那样固定在上方位置, 便可将水电池元件组 210如图 30所示保持在上方的位置。作为将动作把手 204固定在上方位置的结构, 除了利用弹簧的反弹力之外, 还可将楔子状的滑块插入动作把手 204的弹簧的位 置, 使动作把手 204的轴 204a不向下方移动。 水电池装置在非工作状态下, 壳 体 200内未注入淡水、 食盐水、 海水等的液体, 因此搬运、 保管都非常容易。 而 且, 如果不注入液体的话水电池元件组 210基本上不会发生反应, 可长时间保存。
图 30示出水电池装置在准备工作状态时的壳体 200内部结构。在准备工作状 态时, 通过注水孔 205向壳体 200内注入少量的自来水等液体, 此液体 220积存 在壳体 200的底部,通过吸水性纸 216使壳体 200底面 200a全部湿透,液体 220 使含盐布 217湿润并溶出盐到液体内, 使盐水吸附于海棉 218上。 之后, 将水电 池元件组 210移动到下方位置与箱体 201 的底面的 201 a上的海棉 218接触。即, 转动动作把手 204以使动作把手 204与弹簧 204b的反弹力相抵抗, 从而拧入图 中未示的螺丝机构并向下方位置移动,并将水电池元件组 210保持在下方的位置。 这时,通过毛细管现象将液体 220吸收,液体 200通过与海棉 218接触的海棉 215 传送给水电池元件组 210的各个水电池元件 10。水电池元件组 210移动到下方位 置使海棉 218和水电池元件组 210的海棉 215接触大约 1分钟,便可使水电池元 件组 210充分湿润; 当然, 较长时间的接触也是可以的。
接下来, 如图 31 所示的那样, 通过动作把手 204的操作, 使水电池元件组 210 固定在上方位置, 水电池装置进入工作状态产生电力。 在工作状态中, 水电 池元件组 210与液体 220是不接触的。
另外, 在本实施形态中, 箱体 201的开口用盖体 202闭止, 用螺丝 203固定 的同时, 有必要的话可用粘接剂密封, 这样壳体 200除了注水孔 205和引线 206 用的外部引出线出口外为防水的。 而且, 壳体 200的尺寸可根据内部收纳的水电 池元件 10的尺寸和数量进行适当的选择。在本实施例中壳体 200的尺寸设定为长 200mm, 阔 120mm、 高 1 10mm。 壳体的形状也并不限定于直方体形状, 也可以 是筒形形状、 锥形形状、 球形形状或其他任意的形状。
使用本实施例的水电池装置, 只要从一个注水孔 205处注水就可以使水电池
元件组 210的各个水电池元件 10工作, 可以产生足够的电压和电流。而且, 因为 有吸水性纸 216和有吸水性的海棉 218铺在壳体 200的底面 200a上, 因此保水 性良好, 一次注水后可以长时间发电。 因为是从一个注水孔 205处注水, 所以注 水量的调整也容易。 而且, 只有在准备工作状态时将水电池元件组 210向下方位 置移动使其湿润, 在工作状态时水电元件组 210与液体不接触, 所以即使注水量 多一点也不会引起电气性的短路。
另外, 在本实施例中, 壳体 200是用塑胶材料制成, 但是在其它实施例中也 可以是在铝箔上涂 PET, 塑料或者丙烯等塑料膜或者积层加工成的盖子或袋体。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式, 但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施 例的限制, 其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、 修饰、 替 代、 组合、 简化, 均应为等效的置换方式, 都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 特 别是, 上述实施例虽然说明在要使水电池装置进入工作状态时, 通过注水管向壳 体内注入少量的 (根据容器大小来定量) 的自来水等的液体, 但应可理解自来水 可以其它液体代替, 例如海水、 电解驱动液、 其它中性液体等。
Claims
1、 一种便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 它包括
构成正极的碳化布;
与碳化布电气性连接的正极引出电极;
与碳化布紧密连接的含盐布;
与含盐布紧密连接的吸水性纸;
与吸水性纸紧密连接并构成负极的负极金属件;
与负极金属件电气性连接的负极引出电极; 以及
将碳化布、 正极引出电极、 含盐布、 吸水性纸、 负极金属件及负极引出电极 相互压着的热收缩管。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 含盐布为含浸了 盐的多层织棉布。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 碳化布是由纤维 素系纤维的线织成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布为原料纤维布, 将其加热碳化 后制成的织布、 编布、 编织布或不织布。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 含盐布的含盐浓 度在 5%以上。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 负极金属件为一 对金属固定板, 其将紧密连接的碳化布、 含盐布和吸水性纸夹紧固定。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的便携式水电池元件, 其特征在于: 便携式水电池元 件还包括正极支持板, 正极引出电极固定于正极支持板上, 碳化布紧密连接固设 正极引出电极的正极支持板的周围。
7、 一种水电池装置, 其特征在于: 其包括壳体, 壳体内设有一个或以上权 利要求 1所述的水电池元件,壳体设有注水孔供注入液体至壳体内以使水电池元 件的吸水性纸吸入液体。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的水电池装置, 其特征在于: 壳体还设有外部引出线 出口。
9、 如权利要求 7或 8所述的水电池装置, 其特征在于: 还包括水箱和压下 装置; 水箱设于壳体上方, 其内部预先储有液体, 并设置有排出口, 排出口内设 有密封排出口的闭止膜; 壳体的注水孔设置突出的注水管, 注水管上端形成尖端 并对应排出口设置;压下装置将水箱下移使注水管尖端刺穿排出口的闭止膜以将
水箱内的液体注入至壳体内。
10、如权利要求 9所述的水电池装置, 其特征在 于: 还设有可拆除的阻止水箱压下的压下阻止装置。
1 1、 一种水电池装置, 其特征在于: 其包括壳体, 壳体内设有由一个或以上 权利要求 1所述的水电池元件组成的水电池元件组、水电池元件组移动装置; 壳 体底部由下而上顺序叠设有吸水性纸、含盐布和吸水性海棉; 壳体设有注水孔供 注入液体至壳体底部;水电池元件组移动装置将水电池元件组在远离壳体底部的 上方位置和接触壳体底部的下方位置之间移动。
12、 如权利要求 1 1所述的水电池元件组移动装置, 其特征在于: 水电池元 件组包括多个水电池元件,两端设有塑料制保持板夹紧设于中间的多个水电池元 件。
13、 如权利要求 12所述的水电池元件组移动装置, 其特征在于: 预设数量 的水电池元件之间设有隔板, 隔板之间在水电池元件的下侧设有吸水性海棉。
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CN85105973A (zh) * | 1985-07-30 | 1986-07-09 | 谢海莲 | 水电池 |
CN1447459A (zh) * | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-08 | 卡尔·弗罗伊登伯格公司 | 亲水化了的隔膜材料 |
WO2012066962A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 三嶋電子株式会社 | 応用電池及び緊急電源装置 |
Cited By (2)
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CN108075149A (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2018-05-25 | 深圳市水动力环保新能源有限公司 | 单孔加水的水电池模组 |
CN108075149B (zh) * | 2017-05-27 | 2024-05-31 | 深圳市水动力环保新能源有限公司 | 单孔加水的水电池模组 |
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CN103682385A (zh) | 2014-03-26 |
CN203312413U (zh) | 2013-11-27 |
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