WO2014032375A1 - 一种具有排镉功能的植物乳杆菌及其用途 - Google Patents

一种具有排镉功能的植物乳杆菌及其用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014032375A1
WO2014032375A1 PCT/CN2012/086139 CN2012086139W WO2014032375A1 WO 2014032375 A1 WO2014032375 A1 WO 2014032375A1 CN 2012086139 W CN2012086139 W CN 2012086139W WO 2014032375 A1 WO2014032375 A1 WO 2014032375A1
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Prior art keywords
cadmium
lactobacillus plantarum
ccfm8610
plantarum ccfm8610
milk
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PCT/CN2012/086139
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卫
田丰伟
翟齐啸
王刚
刘小鸣
张秋香
范大明
赵建新
张灏
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Jiangnan University
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Jiangnan University
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Priority to AU2012388509A priority Critical patent/AU2012388509B2/en
Priority to CA2881715A priority patent/CA2881715C/en
Priority to KR1020157008217A priority patent/KR101557266B1/ko
Priority to US14/241,082 priority patent/US9451781B2/en
Publication of WO2014032375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014032375A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
    • A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
    • A23C9/123—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt
    • A23C9/1234—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes using only microorganisms of the genus lactobacteriaceae; Yoghurt characterised by using a Lactobacillus sp. other than Lactobacillus Bulgaricus, including Bificlobacterium sp.
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23C11/00—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions
    • A23C11/02—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins
    • A23C11/10—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins
    • A23C11/103—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing or not lactose but no other milk components as source of fats, carbohydrates or proteins containing only proteins from pulses, oilseeds or nuts, e.g. nut milk
    • A23C11/106—Addition of, or treatment with, microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23C13/00—Cream; Cream preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C13/12—Cream preparations
    • A23C13/16—Cream preparations containing, or treated with, microorganisms, enzymes, or antibiotics; Sour cream
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
    • A23C19/02—Making cheese curd
    • A23C19/032—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific microorganisms, or enzymes of microbial origin
    • A23C19/0323—Making cheese curd characterised by the use of specific microorganisms, or enzymes of microbial origin using only lactic acid bacteria, e.g. Pediococcus and Leuconostoc species; Bifidobacteria; Microbial starters in general
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L11/00—Pulses, i.e. fruits of leguminous plants, for production of food; Products from legumes; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L11/60—Drinks from legumes, e.g. lupine drinks
    • A23L11/65—Soy drinks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof containing fruit or vegetable juices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
    • A23L2/382—Other non-alcoholic beverages fermented
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/28—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/741—Probiotics
    • A61K35/742—Spore-forming bacteria, e.g. Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus subtilis, clostridium or Lactobacillus sporogenes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/741—Probiotics
    • A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
    • A61K35/747—Lactobacilli, e.g. L. acidophilus or L. brevis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
    • A61P39/02—Antidotes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/169—Plantarum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K2035/11—Medicinal preparations comprising living procariotic cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/225—Lactobacillus
    • C12R2001/25—Lactobacillus plantarum

Definitions

  • a Lactobacillus plantarum having a cadmium-depleting function and its use The present invention claims priority to the Chinese invention patent application filed on September 03, 2012, application No. 201210322124.2.
  • Cadmium is a heavy metal that is extremely harmful to human health. It is very stable in the environment and is the most known poison that accumulates in the body. Cadmium is soluble in water. It is distributed in the natural world with elements such as oxygen, chlorine and sulfur. It is widely used in various technical fields such as electroplating, batteries, alloys, pigments and plastics. With the application of cadmium in industry and life, its content in water and soil increases year by year, and then accumulates in some plants or animals (such as rice, tobacco, shellfish, animal liver and kidney, etc. in cadmium-contaminated areas). Finally, it accumulates in the human body through the food chain. The situation of cadmium pollution is particularly serious in Asian countries. In 1955, Japan suffered a painful event that shocked the world.
  • chelating agents such as calcium disodium edetate and sodium dimercaptosuccinate are usually used for injection treatment to achieve cadmium removal, for example, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Second Edition (2000) Disodium edetate is described as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning such as cadmium and lead.
  • these drugs have certain toxic side effects.
  • Calcium edetate is a broad-spectrum complexing agent with strong nephrotoxicity, and it will excrete a large amount of trace elements indispensable to the human body through the urine, such as zinc, copper, manganese, iron, etc.
  • a lactic acid bacterium having excellent tolerance to cadmium and adsorption ability was selected, and it was confirmed that they have a good cadmium-containing effect in an animal model, and it is necessary to develop the practical use of these lactic acid bacteria.
  • the invention seeks to further tap the function of probiotics and develop lactic acid bacteria with higher health value, and opens up new ways and solutions for utilizing dietary strategies to alleviate the effects of cadmium poisoning.
  • the present inventors have finally completed the present invention on the basis of summarizing the prior art and through a large number of experimental studies.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for alleviating cadmium poisoning and a fermented food.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 microbial agent is a powder obtained by preparing a bacterial liquid containing the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 by a conventional freeze-drying process or other methods, which comprises 10 Active Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 above 6 CFU/g.
  • the fermented food product is a dairy product, a soy product, and a fruit and vegetable product produced using a starter containing a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • the present invention relates to Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610, which was deposited on May 3, 2012 at the General Microbiology Center of the China Microbial Culture Collection Management Committee, No. 3, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The deposit number is CGMCC No. 6077.
  • the cryopreserved Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 was inoculated into MRS medium (for example, product of Qingdao Haibo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), cultured at 37 ° C for 24 h, and then subcultured with MRS medium for 2 ⁇ 3 After that, 1 mL of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 culture medium was inoculated into 19 mL of MRS liquid medium with different pH values (3.0-9.0), and cultured at 37 ° C for 24 h at the temperature of 37 ° C. OD 6 . . Value, using this value to measure the concentration of cells in the bacterial culture to estimate the growth of the bacteria. OD 6 .
  • the value of 0 is the absorbance of the bacterial culture solution measured by spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 600 nm, which is usually used to indicate the cell concentration in the bacterial culture solution to determine the growth of bacteria in the liquid culture.
  • the cells were washed twice with 10 mL of pH 7.2 PBS (calciumate buffer) in the same manner as described above, and resuspended in 1.0 mL of pH 7.2 phosphate buffer to resuspend Lactobacillus.
  • the mixture was mixed with 9.0 mL of pH 2.5 artificial gastric juice, and then cultured at a temperature of 37 ° C. Samples were taken at the beginning (Oh) and 3 h, respectively, and the plate colony count was carried out by pouring culture on MRS agar medium, and the number of viable cells was measured and calculated. Survival rate.
  • the survival rate is the ratio of the logarithm of the viable cell count at the 3h in the culture solution to the logarithm of the viable cell count at the Ohh, expressed in %.
  • the present invention screens strains with a survival rate of 80% or more for subsequent research.
  • the experimental results show that the survival rate of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 in artificial gastric juice environment of pH 2.5 is above 90%.
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 has acid resistance and survives well in a pH of 2.5 environment.
  • the tolerance to cadmium ions in vitro can be studied by the growth curve of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 in different cadmium content media.
  • 0.3423 g of 3CdS0 4 -8H 2 0 was added to 1 L of water to obtain an aqueous solution of cadmium ions having a concentration of 150 mg/L.
  • the MRS solid medium dry medium was dissolved using this aqueous cadmium ion solution to obtain a MRS liquid medium containing 150 mg/L of cadmium ions.
  • MRS liquid medium at a concentration of 50 mg/L and 500 mg/L cadmium ion was prepared separately.
  • FIG. 2 clearly shows that the Lactobacillus plantarum of the present invention is compared to other test strains.
  • CCFM8610 has the largest adsorption capacity for cadmium ions, and therefore has good adsorption capacity for cadmium ions.
  • mice Twenty-five healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, each group containing 20 mice: negative control group, cadmium exposure model control group and Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 treatment group. On the first day of the experiment, 0.5 mL of normal drinking water was administered to the negative control group; the remaining 2 groups were intragastrically administered with 0.5 mL of cadmium sulfate solution having a cadmium concentration of 3.6 mg/L.
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention has the following biological characteristics:
  • Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria the bacteria are about 0.9-1.2 ⁇ wide, 3-8 ⁇ long, no spores are formed, and both ends are blunt round, see Figure 5.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 original strain is stored as a 30% by weight glycerol suspension at a temperature of -75 °C, or stored as a freeze-dried powder at a temperature of 4 °C.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is a Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 bacterial agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 microbial agent contains 10 6 CFU/mL or more of active Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • the method for determining the content of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 is a MRS plate colony counting method well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the amount of the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 inoculant is 15-35%, preferably 18-32%, more preferably 20-30% by weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the filler is understood to be an excipient diluent for increasing the weight and volume of the tablet to facilitate tableting; or it should be understood as an auxiliary absorbent for absorbing excess liquid components of the material.
  • the filler is selected from the group consisting of starch, sucrose, lactose, calcium acid or microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the filler is selected from the group consisting of starch, sucrose or microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the filler is selected from starch or microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the wetting agent is understood to be a liquid in which the drug itself is non-tacky, but which can wet the drug excipient and induce its viscosity to form a granule.
  • the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol, starch or syrup.
  • the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of water, ethanol or starch.
  • the binder should be understood to mean that when the raw material drug itself is not sticky or insufficiently viscous, a viscous substance is added to facilitate granulation, and this viscous substance is called a binder.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives, alginates, gelatin or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the binder is selected from the group consisting of cellulose derivatives, gelatin or polyvinylpyrrolidone. More preferably, the binder is selected from the group consisting of gelatin or polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the disintegrant is understood to be an excipient which can be added to a tablet to promote rapid disintegration of the tablet into fine particles in the gastrointestinal fluid. It is known that tablets have a high hardness after compression, and if they do not contain excipients which promote disintegration, they disintegrate slowly in the gastrointestinal tract and affect the therapeutic effect.
  • the disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, croscarmellose cellulose, agar, calcium carbonate or sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, croscarmellose cellulose, agar or sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the disintegrant is selected from the group consisting of sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, croscarmellose cellulose or sodium hydrogencarbonate.
  • the amount of disintegrant used in the present invention is based on the total weight of the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the lubricant should be understood to be advantageous for improving the fluidity of the tablet during the granulation process, preventing the tablet material from adhering to the mold of the tablet machine, and facilitating the release of the tablet. Learn the substance.
  • the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel or polyethylene glycol.
  • the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of talc, calcium stearate, magnesium stearate or polyethylene glycol. More preferably, the lubricant is selected from the group consisting of talc or calcium stearate.
  • the flavoring agent is understood to be a pharmaceutical excipient which is used in medicines to improve or mask the unpleasant odor and taste of the drug, making it difficult for the patient to perceive the strong bitterness or other odor of the drug, such as spicy, irritating and the like.
  • the flavoring agent is, for example, a sweetener selected from the group consisting of monosaccharide syrup, sucrose, egg yolk, orange syrup or cherry syrup; aroma of lemon, fennel or peppermint oil; sodium alginate, gum arabic, gelatin, decyl a colloidal agent of cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; an effervescent agent of a mixture of citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate.
  • a sweetener selected from the group consisting of monosaccharide syrup, sucrose, egg yolk, orange syrup or cherry syrup; aroma of lemon, fennel or peppermint oil; sodium alginate, gum arabic, gelatin, decyl a colloidal agent of cellulose or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; an effervescent agent of a mixture of citric acid, tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate.
  • the flavoring agent is selected from the group consisting of a sweetener of monosaccharide, sucrose, orange syrup or cherry syrup; a fragrance of lemon or peppermint oil; sodium alginate, gum arabic, gelatin or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. a sizing agent; an effervescent mixture of tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate.
  • the flavoring agent is selected from the group consisting of sucrose, orange syrup or cherry syrup sweetener; lemon oil fragrance; sodium alginate or gum arabic sizing agent; effervescent mixture of tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate Agent.
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 bacterial agent of the present invention may be combined with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient to prepare various dosage forms, such as granules, capsules, tablets, pills or oral solutions, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable Acceptable carriers or excipients can be selected according to different dosage forms, and such carriers or excipients and amounts thereof used will be readily ascertainable by one of ordinary skill in the art of pharmacy.
  • the "dosage form” is generally understood to be a single-dose pharmaceutical form suitable for human use, and a single dosage form contains a predetermined active substance for achieving the desired amount, such as the Lactobacillus plantarum of the present invention.
  • the fermented food is a dairy product, a soy product, and a fruit and vegetable product produced using a starter containing a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610. .
  • the preparation method of the starter is as follows:
  • protective agent Prepared with water and protective agent raw material to obtain 100g/L skim milk powder, 30mL/L glycerin, 100g/L maltodextrin, 150g/L trehalose, 10g/L L-glutamate.
  • Protective agent
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 is inoculated into the medium sterilized at a temperature of 110-120 ° C for 8-12 min according to the 2-4% inoculum of the weight of the medium, and then at a temperature of 37 ° C.
  • the cells were cultured for 18 h, washed 2-4 times with pH 7.2 phosphate buffer, and resuspended with the protective agent to a concentration of 10 1 () CFU/ml; then, the suspension was preincubated at 37 ° C.
  • the starter was prepared by lyophilization for 60 min.
  • the dairy product is milk, sour cream or cheese.
  • the milk should be understood to be cow's milk, horse's milk or reduced milk.
  • the reduced raw milk is prepared by using 10-15% milk powder and 85-90% softening water for reducing the total weight of the milk.
  • the milk powder is a product currently widely available on the market.
  • the sour cream is a cream made by fermenting lactic acid bacteria. Sour cream has more advantages than sweet cream, more scent, and higher cream yield. In addition, since lactic acid bacteria inhibit harmful microorganisms, the risk of re-contaminating microorganisms after sterilization is also low.
  • the cheese is a food of high nutritional value made by fermenting milk.
  • the soy product is soy milk, cardamom or bean paste. They are all traditional food or seasoning in our country. .
  • the fruit and vegetable product is a cucumber, carrot, beet, celery or cabbage product.
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 microbial starter of the present invention is used as follows:
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 bacterial starter of the present invention is inoculated into a raw material to be treated according to a conventional use amount, and the Lactobacillus plantarum can be made.
  • CCFM8610 ferments or survives under the temperature and pressure of reproduction. Its metabolites make the fermented products have certain characteristics such as acidity and aroma, and at the same time extend the preservation time of the products and improve the nutritional value and digestibility of the products.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention has acid resistance, has good tolerance to and adsorption to cadmium ions in vitro, can reduce cadmium content in liver and kidney of mice, and promotes excretion of cadmium by feces in mice.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 can be used for preparing a pharmaceutical composition having a cadmium-releasing function and a fermented food, and has a very broad application prospect.
  • Figure 1 is a growth curve of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 in a cadmium ion medium containing a starting concentration of 50 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 500 mg/L;
  • Figure 2 shows the adsorption of cadmium ions by 9 strains of lactic acid bacteria.
  • CCFM8610, CCFM8614 and CCFM8661 are Lactobacillus plantarum.
  • CCFM8761 is Lactobacillus reuteri.
  • CCFM8004 is Lactobacillus bulgaricus.
  • CCFM8602 is Lactobacillus gasseri.
  • LGG is Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
  • CCFM8622 is a bifidobacterium bifidum.
  • CCFM8147 is Lactobacillus delbrueckii.
  • Figure 3 shows the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 on the reduction of cadmium levels in liver and kidney of mice exposed to cadmium; a, b, c indicate significant differences in the groups represented by different letters (P ⁇ 0.05).
  • Figure 4 shows the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 on cadmium excretion in mice; a, b indicates a significant difference in the groups represented by different letters (PO.05).
  • Figure 5 shows the cell morphology ( ⁇ ) of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • Figure 6 is a colony morphology of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • Example 1 Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 tolerance to cadmium ions
  • MRS medium is a medium well known to those skilled in the art and contains tryptone, yeast extract, glucose, sodium acetate, diammonium citrate, Tween 80, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, pH 6.2 ⁇ 6.4.
  • MRS liquid medium containing 50 mg/L and 500 mg/L cadmium ion concentration was prepared in the same manner as described above.
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 entering the stationary phase was inoculated into the cadmium-containing MRS liquid medium in an amount of 2% by weight based on the weight of the cadmium-containing MRS liquid medium, and cultured at 37 ° C for 0 h, respectively. Samples were taken at 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 24h, and standard plate counts were performed to obtain a growth curve of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 as shown in Fig. 1.
  • 1 mL of the bacterial solution was introduced into a cadmium-free MRS liquid medium, cultured and counted under the same conditions, and the results were used as blank control results, and the results of these tests are also shown in FIG. .
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 was inhibited in growth at the beginning of three different cadmium ion concentrations, but its growth amount rapidly increased. At 24h, the growth of CCFM8610 at 50mg/L and 150mg/L cadmium ion concentration was close to the blank control group. Therefore, the results indicate that Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 has good tolerance to cadmium ions.
  • Example 2 Adsorption capacity of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 for cadmium ions
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 has the strongest adsorption capacity and can adsorb 10.92mg/g cadmium ion, while Lactobacillus delbrueckii CCFM8147 has poor adsorption capacity for cadmium ions. It can only adsorb 3.22mg/g cadmium ion, and its adsorption capacity is far. It is lower than the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention.
  • Example 3 Tolerance dose experiment of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610-fed mice
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 freeze-dried powder was resuspended in skim milk to a concentration of
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 Feeding Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 at a concentration of 2.0x l0 9 cfu/mL
  • the negative control group and the cadmium exposure model group were intragastrically administered with 0.5 mL of defatted pores, and the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 treatment group was administered with 0.5 mL of the concentration prepared according to Example 3 of the present specification at 2.0 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/mL.
  • CCFM8610 skim milk suspension All mice were sacrificed 48 hours after the first gavage, and the liver and kidney were taken separately. After digestion, the cadmium content in the tissue was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry described in the specification of the present application.
  • the results of these tests are shown in Figure 3.
  • the plants of the present invention can be found by comparing the cadmium contents in the liver and kidney of the cadmium exposure model group (cadmium-only cadmium) and the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 group (1 hour after cadmium administration).
  • the cadmium content in the liver and kidney of the mice in the lactobacillus CCFM8610 treatment group was higher than that in the negative control group, but lower than that in the cadmium exposure model control group.
  • the liver and kidneys are the target organs of cadmium attacking the body, and they are the two organs that cadmium is most likely to accumulate in the body.
  • Example 2 It has been shown that Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 has a strong adsorption capacity for cadmium ions, and CCFM8610 may rapidly adsorb cadmium ions after entering the body, thereby preventing cadmium ions from being absorbed into the blood and tissues by the intestinal tract.
  • Example 5 Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 promotes the action of cadmium-exposed cadmium in mice exposed to cadmium
  • mice Twenty-five healthy male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, each group containing 20 mice: negative control group, cadmium exposure model control group and Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 treatment group.
  • the negative control group was given 0.5 mL of common drinking water; the other 2 groups were given 0.5 mL of cadmium.
  • the degree is 3.6 mg/L of cadmium sulfate solution.
  • the negative control group and the cadmium exposure model group were intragastrically administered with 0.5 mL of defatted pores, and the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 treatment group was administered with 0.5 mL of the concentration prepared according to Example 3 of the present specification at 2.0 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/mL.
  • CCFM8610 skim milk suspension The feces of the mice were collected at 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h and 48h after the end of the first gavage, and the cadmium content in the feces was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry described in the specification of the present application after digestion.
  • the cadmium content of the mice in the CCFM8610 treatment group was higher than that in the cadmium exposure model group at 8h, 12h and 24h, and it was significant (P ⁇ 0.05), which also indicated that the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 did promote cadmium exposure.
  • Example 2 has shown that Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 has a strong adsorption capacity for cadmium ions. CCFM8610 may rapidly adsorb cadmium ions after entering the body and excreted through feces to achieve cadmium removal.
  • A. Preparation of medium 10% enzymatically hydrolyzed skim milk, 0.5% glucose, 1.5% tryptone and 0.3% yeast extract were dissolved using 87.7% water based on the total weight of the medium, and then the pH was adjusted to 6.8. The medium thus obtained is obtained; the enzymatically hydrolyzed skim milk, glucose, tryptone and yeast extract are currently on the market.
  • protective agent Prepared with water and protective agent raw material to obtain 100g/L skim milk powder, 30mL/L glycerin, 100g/L maltodextrin, 150g/L trehalose, 10g/L L-glutamate.
  • Protective agent C. Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 is inoculated into the medium sterilized at a temperature of 110-120 ° C for 8-12 min according to a 3% inoculation amount based on the weight of the medium, and then cultured at a temperature of 37 ° C.
  • the raw milk skim milk is heat-sterilized at 95 ° C for 20 min, then cooled to 4 ° C, and then the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 starter prepared above is added to a concentration of 10 6 CFU/ml or more, and stored at 4 ° C under refrigeration.
  • a milk containing the live bacteria of the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention was obtained.
  • Application Example 2 Using the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention to produce soybean milk containing the bacteria, the soybean was soaked in soft water, soaked at a temperature of 80 ° C for 2 h, and then the soybean hull was removed.
  • the soaking water was drained, and then boiled with water, and incubated at a temperature higher than 80 ° C for 12 minutes.
  • the obtained slurry was filtered through a 150-mesh sieve, followed by centrifugation, and the obtained centrifugation liquid was crude soybean milk, which was heated to a temperature of 140-150 ° C, and then the hot crude soybean milk was quickly introduced into a vacuum cooling chamber for vacuuming.
  • the odorous substance in the crude soy milk is quickly discharged along with the water vapor.
  • the juice After washing with fresh vegetables, the juice is juiced, and then sterilized by high temperature, and then sterilized at a temperature of 140 ° C for 2 seconds, then immediately cooled to a temperature of about 37 ° C, and then connected to the bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 prepared by the present invention.
  • the agent is fermented to a concentration of 10 6 CFU/mL or more, and stored at a temperature of 4 ° C, thereby obtaining a fruit and vegetable beverage containing the live bacteria of the plant Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610.
  • Application Example 4 Preparation of a capsule product containing the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention
  • the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention was cultured in MRS medium for 24 h, centrifuged at 4000 °C/min for 20 min at a temperature of 4 ° C, and washed twice with pH 7.2 phosphate buffer, using skim milk. suspended cells to a final cell concentration of 2x l0 1Q CFU / mL.
  • the bacterial suspension was added to a 3 wt% sodium alginate solution, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred to uniformly disperse the cells in the sodium seaweed S sodium solution, and then the mixture was extruded into a 2% by weight calcium chloride solution to form a colloidal particle. After static curing for 30 min, the colloidal particles were collected by filtration, and the collected colloidal particles were freeze-dried for 48 h to obtain a powder containing the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention, and the powder was loaded into a pharmaceutical capsule currently sold on the market. The obtained capsule product is obtained.
  • Application Example 5 Preparation of a starter for producing dairy products, soy products, and fruit and vegetable products using the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 was inoculated in a medium sterilized at a temperature of 115 ° C for 10 min in an amount of 3% by weight of the medium, and the medium was hydrolyzed by a 10% enzymatic hydrolysis based on the total weight of the medium. , 0.5% glucose, 1.5% tryptone, 0.3% yeast extract and the balance of water, pH 6.8. Then, the medium inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 was cultured at 37 ° C for 18 h, washed twice with pH 7.2 phosphate buffer, and resuspended with a protective agent to a concentration of 10 10 CFU/ml.
  • the protective agent contained 100 g/L skim milk powder, 30 mL/L glycerin, 100 g/L maltodextrin, 150 g/L trehalose and 10 g/L L-glutamate.
  • the suspension was pre-incubated at a temperature of 37 ° C for 60 min, and then freeze-dried to obtain a starter of the dairy product, the soy product, and the fruit and vegetable product.
  • Application Example 6 Using the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 to prepare fermented milk fresh milk and dissolving in sugar, homogenizing at a temperature of 65 ° C and 20 MPa, then sterilizing at a temperature of 95 ° C for 5 min, and then the temperature The mixture was reduced to a temperature of 35 ° C, and the mixed bacteria consisting of the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610, the commercial dry powder starter Lactobacillus bulgaricus and the commercial dry powder starter Streptococcus thermophilus were added, and their mass ratio was 1:1:1, the mixture was mixed.
  • the inoculum of the bacteria is 0.03 % of the weight of the fresh milk, mixed, and the fermentation is carried out at a temperature of 35 ° C. After the curd, it is cooled at a temperature of 4 ° C. Utilizing 24 h, the fermented milk was obtained.
  • Application Example 7 Preparation of a tablet using the Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 of the present invention
  • Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8610 bacterial powder preparation prepared by the freeze-drying method, 55.0 parts by weight of starch, 4.5 parts by weight of a cellulose derivative, 12.0 parts by weight of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.8 parts by weight of talc, and 0.8 parts by weight of talc.
  • 1.0 part by weight of sucrose and 1.0 part by weight of water were mixed, and wet granules were prepared by a conventional method, and then compressed by a tableting machine manufactured by Zhongnan Pharmaceutical Machinery Co., Ltd., and then dried using a small drug produced by Qingzhou Yikang Chinese Medicine Machinery Co., Ltd. The machine is dried and repackaged to obtain a tablet of the present invention.

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Description

一种具有排镉功能的植物乳杆菌及其用途 本发明要求以申请曰 2012年 09 月 03 曰、 申请号 201210322124.2的 中国发明专利申请为优先权。
【技术领域】
本发明属于微生物技术领域。 更具体地， 本发明涉及一种具有排镉功 能的植物乳杆菌， 本发明还涉及所述植物乳杆菌的用途。
【背景技术】
镉是一种对人体健康极其有害的重金属， 在环境中非常稳定， 为已知 的最易在体内蓄积的毒物。 镉可溶于水， 它与氧、 氯、 硫等元素生成无机 化合物分布于自然界中，并被广泛应用于电镀、 电池、 合金、 颜料、 塑料 等的各个技术领域。 随着镉在工业和生活中的应用， 其在水体和土壤中的 含量逐年增加， 继而在一些植物或动物体内蓄积（如镉污染区的大米、 烟 草、 贝壳类海鲜、 动物肝肾脏等），最终通过食物链在人体内蓄积。 镉污染 情况在亚洲国家尤为严重， 1955年日本爆发了震惊世界的痛痛病事件，其 病因就是由于神通川水域遭受镉污染， 导致居民食用的大米中镉严重超 标。 在中国， 每年由工业废弃物排放到环境中的镉总量约 680余吨， 镉已 经成为水源和耕地最主要的污染源之一。 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究 所环境修复研究中心主任陈同斌指出， 中国受镉污染的耕地达到 8000万 亩左右，在一些污染严重的地区，稻田有效镉含量甚至是国家允许值的 26 倍。 2002年农业部对全国市场稻米的抽查表明 10%左右的市售大米镉含 量超标，2007年南京农业大学潘根兴教授和他的研究团队在全国六个地区 (华东、 东北、 华中、 西南、 华南和华北）县级以上市场的抽样调查再次 证明了这一结果。
镉具有毒性强、 潜伏期长的特点。 1997年以来， 美国毒性物质与疾病 登记署（ATSDR )和环境保护署（EPA )—直将镉列为第六位危害人类健 康的有毒物质， 其对人体的危害主要涉及到骨骼、 肾脏、肝脏、呼吸系统， 血液系统及生殖器官， 另外镉还是致癌物， 在 1993年即被国际抗癌联盟 列为 IA级致癌物。 急性镉中毒导致人体出现咳嗽、 胸闷、 呼吸困难、 恶 心、呕吐及腹痛等症状，摄入大剂量镉甚至会由于急性肝损伤而导致死亡。 慢性镉中毒涉及肾损伤（蛋白尿、 肾结石、 慢性肾衰竭）、 骨损伤 （骨痛、 骨质疏杠 \ 骨软化、 自发性骨折）、 生殖器官损伤 （睾丸、 卵巢损伤）及 癌症（肺癌、 前列腺癌）。 镉进入人体后生物学半衰期长达 10到 30年， 其隐蔽性和滞后性往往容易被人忽视。
对于由镉中毒引起的各种生理病症，通常使用依地酸二钠钙、二巯基 丁二酸钠等螯合剂进行注射治疗， 以达到排镉的目的， 例如中国药典 第二版（ 2000年）记载了依地酸二钠钙作为镉和铅等重金属中毒的解 毒剂。 然而， 这些药物都存在着一定的毒副作用。 依地酸二钠钙是一 种广谱性络合剂， 具有较强的肾毒性， 且用药时会经尿排出大量人体不 可缺少的微量元素， 例如锌、 铜、 锰、 铁等， 而这些元素与很多酶的活性 有关， 因此大量使用依地酸二钠钙会危及人的身体健康。二巯基丁二酸 钠可能导致消化系统功能紊乱， 并造成头痛、 恶心、 四肢酸痛等症状， 同时必须在摄入镉之后极短时间之内给药， 否则不能得到良好的疗效 ( Kojima, S., Sugimura, et.al, " Effects of dithiocarbamates on testicular toxicity in rats caused by acute exposure to cadmium，，， 《 Toxicology and applied pharmacology 》， 116, 24-29 ( 1992 ) )。
鉴于传统治疗方法存在的多种问题，针对镉中毒寻找一种新的干预或 治疗方法显得十分必要。乳酸菌是一类能够使碳水化合物发酵并产生乳酸 的细菌的统称， 广泛存在于自然发酵乳制品、 发酵植物食品， 如泡菜、 酸 菜、 青贮饲料以及人肠道中。 长期科学研究结果表明， 以乳酸菌为代表 的益生菌是人体必不可少的且具有重要生理功能的有益菌， 其主要生 理功能有： 防治乳糖不耐症、 恢复人体肠道内菌群平衡维护人体健康、 抗肿瘤和预防癌症作用、控制人体内毒素水平、保护肝脏并增强肝脏的 解毒等功能。 乳酸菌作为一种食品级的微生物， 不像螯合剂有严重的 毒副作用， 且已有报道表明其在体外对镉、 铅等重金属离子具有较好 的吸附作用 （ Halttunen, Τ·, Collado, M.C., et.al, "Combining strains of lactic acid bacteria may reduce their toxin and heavy metal removal efficiency from aqueous solution" (Letters in Applied Microbiology》， 46, 160-165 (2007 ) ), 因此很有潜力成为具有排镉功能的新型保健食品。
目前， 一些专利或专利申请文献涉及排镉保健食品及其制备方法，例 如 CN1336208公开了一种由脱臭大蒜粉、 醋粉、 冰明粉等制成的保健食 品， 经常食用可有效排除人体因空气、 水、 农药污染而累积超标的镉； CN1328845公开了一种由土茯苓、 红参、 三七等配方制成的中药制剂，可 有效治疗和预防镉中毒且长期服用无毒副作用。 但是， 目前涉及具有排镉 功能的乳酸菌专利申请文件不多， 例如 CN101153272公开了一种伯克霍 尔德氏菌 J62, 它对镉具有高耐受性， 可应用于环境工程技术领域中促进 植物生长， 强化植物富集重金属镉， 提高植物提取修复效率。 另外， CN101252943A公开了一些植物乳杆菌，它用于促进哺乳动物吸收铁、锌、 钙、 镁离子。
因此， 选出一种具有对镉具有优良耐受和吸附能力的乳酸菌， 并且 证明它们在动物模型中具有良好的排镉作用， 同时研制这些乳酸菌实际的 用途就显得十分必要。 本发明试图进一步地挖掘益生菌的功能， 开发具 有更高保健价值的乳酸菌， 为利用膳食策略緩解镉中毒效应开辟出新 的途径和解决方案。
本发明人在总结现有技术的基础上， 通过大量实验研究， 终于完成了 本发明。
【发明内容】
[要解决的技术问题】
本发明的目的是提供一种植物乳杆菌 （ Lactobacillus plantarum ) CCFM8610。
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的用途。
[技术方案]
本发明是通过下述技术方案实现的。
本发明涉及一种乳酸菌， 利用形态特征、 培养性状和生理生化特征等 微生物学特性对该乳酸菌鉴定为植物乳杆菌 （ Lactobacillus plantarum ) CCFM8610,该菌株已于 2012年 5月 3 日在北京市朝阳区北辰西路 1号院 3号中国科学院微生物研究所中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物 中心保藏， 其保藏号为 CGMCC No. 6077。
所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610具有下述性质：
(1)具有耐酸性， 在 pH3.0-9.0环境条件下生长良好， 在 pH2.5环境下 存活良好；
(2)在体外含镉培养基中培养， 对镉离子有良好的耐受能力；
(3)在体外含镉水溶液中孵育， 对镉离子有良好的吸附能力；
(4)具有降低镉暴露小鼠体内镉含量和促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排镉 的作用。
本发明还涉及所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在制备緩解镉中毒的 药物组合物与发酵食品中的用途。
根据本发明的一种优选实施方式，所述的药物组合物是由植物乳杆 菌 CCFM8610菌剂与在药学上可接受的载体组成的。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式， 所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610 菌剂是将含有所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的菌液通过常规冷冻干燥工艺 制备或其它方法制备所得到的粉剂， 它含有 106 CFU/g以上的活性植物乳 杆菌 CCFM8610。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，在药学上可接受的载体是一种或 多种选自在药学上通常使用的填充剂、 粘合剂、 润湿剂、 崩解剂、 润滑剂 或矫味剂的载体。 根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式， 所述的药物组合物是颗粒剂、 胶嚢剂、 片剂、 丸剂或口服液剂型。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，所述的发酵食品是使用含有植物 乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌种的发酵剂生产的乳制品、 豆制品与果蔬制品。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式，所述的发酵剂是通过下述制备步 骤得到的：
A、 培养基的制备： 使用以所述培养基总重量计 87.7%水将 10%酶水 解脱脂乳、 0.5%葡萄糖、 1.5%胰蛋白胨与 0.3%酵母浸膏溶解， 然后调整 其 pH为 6.8 , 这样得到所述的培养基；
B、 保护剂的制备： 使用水与保护剂原料混合制备得到含有 100g/L脱 脂奶粉、 30mL/L甘油、 100g/L麦芽糊精、 150g/L海藻糖、 10g/L L-谷氨 酸钠的保护剂；
C、 将植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌种按照以所述培养基的重量计 2-4% 接种量接种到在温度 110-120°C下灭菌 8-12 min的所述培养基中， 在温度 37°C下培养 18 h, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液清洗 2-4次， 用所述保护剂重悬 达到浓度 1010 CFU/ml; 接着， 让该悬浮液在温度 37°C下预培养 60 min, 再进行冷冻干燥得到所述的发酵剂。
根据本发明的另一种优选实施方式， 所述的乳制品是牛奶、 酸奶油或 干酪； 所述的豆制品是豆奶、 豆豉或豆酱； 所述的果蔬制品是黄瓜、 胡萝 卜、 甜菜、 芹菜或圆白菜制品。
下面将更详细地描述本发明。
本发明涉及一种植物乳杆菌 （ Lactobacillus plantarum ) CCFM8610 , 该菌株已于 2012年 5月 3 日在北京市朝阳区北辰西路 1号院 3号中国微 生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心保藏， 其保藏号为 CGMCC No. 6077。
本发明人根据下述筛选标准， 通过大量筛选实验与分析验证， 从我国 传统食品， 例如泡菜， 发酵奶酒中筛选出的植物乳杆菌 Lactobacillus plantarum ) CCFM8610具有下述性质：
(1)具有耐酸性， 在 pH3.0-9.0环境条件下生长良好， 在 pH2.5环境下 存活良好；
(2)在体外含镉培养基中培养， 对镉离子有较好的耐受能力；
(3)在体外含镉水溶液中孵育， 对镉离子有良好的吸附能力；
(4)具有降低镉暴露小鼠体内镉含量和促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排镉 的作用。
下面将详细描述这些实验与分析认证结果。
1、 具有耐酸性， 在 pH3.0-9.0环境条件下生长良好， 在 pH2.5环境下 存活良好
将冷冻保存的本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610分别接种于 MRS培养基 (例如青岛海博生物技术有限公司的产品）中， 在温度 37 °C下培养 24 h, 再经 MRS培养液传代培养 2 ~ 3次后，取 1 mL植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610培 养液， 分别接种于 19 mL 不同 pH值（ 3.0-9.0 ) 的 MRS液体培养基中， 在温度 37°C下培养 24 h, 测定初始和培养结束后的 OD6。。值， 利用这个值 测量在细菌培养液中的细胞浓度， 从而估计细菌的生长情况。 OD6。0值 是采用分光光度法在波长 600nm处测定的细菌培养液的吸光值， 它通常 用于表示在细菌培养液中细胞浓度，以确定液体培养物中细菌的生长情 况。
试验结果证明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在 pH3.0-9.0的环境中生长良 好， 因此得以进行后续实验。 采用与前面所述的同样培养方式， 用 l.O mL pH7.2 PBS (磚酸盐緩沖液)清洗菌体两次，再用 1.0 mL pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液 重悬，其重悬乳杆菌菌体与 9.0 mL pH 2.5人工胃液混合，然后在温度 37°C 下进行培养， 分别在开始 (Oh)和 3h时取样， 用 MRS琼脂培养基浇注培养 进行平板菌落计数， 测定活菌数并计算其存活率。 存活率是在该培养液中 在第 3h时的活菌数对数值与在第 Oh时活菌数对数值之比， 以％表示。 本 发明筛选存活率在 80%以上的菌株进行后续研究。 实验结果表明，植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在 pH2.5的人工胃液环境中的 存活率在 90%以上。 由此可见， 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610具有耐酸性， 在 pH2.5的环境下存活良好。
2、 在体外含镉培养基中培养， 对镉离子有良好的耐受能力
通过植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在不同镉含量培养基中的生长曲线可以 研究其在体外对镉离子的耐受能力。在无菌条件下，向 1L水中加入 0.3423g 3CdS04 -8H20, 即得到浓度为 150mg/L的镉离子水溶液。使用这种镉离子 水溶液溶解 MRS固体培养基干粉得到含 150mg/L镉离子的 MRS液体培 养基。 同样地， 分别配制 50mg/L、 500mg/L镉离子浓度的 MRS液体培养 基。按照以含镉离子的 MRS液体培养基重量计 2%接种量将进入稳定期的 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌液接入所述含镉离子的 MRS液体培养基中。 在 其培养过程中， 分别在 0h、 2h、 4h、 6h、 8h、 12h、 16h、 20h、 24h时进 行标准平板计数,从而得到如附图 1所示的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610生长曲 附图 1的结果表明，本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子的具有良 好的耐受能力。
3、 在体外含镉水溶液中孵育， 对镉离子有良好的吸附能力
在无菌条件下， 按照耐酸性（在 pH3.0能够生长）的筛选标准， 从我 国传统食品， 例如泡菜， 发酵奶酒中筛选出 9株乳酸菌。 对这 9株乳酸菌 进行纯化和活化培养后，将上述菌株转移至 150mg/L镉溶液中，使菌体最 终浓度达到 lg/L。将含有上述菌株的样品在 37°C下培养 1 h,使用 Beckman 离心机以 6000 r/min离心 20min, 再用无菌水洗涤、 离心一次。 分离除去 上清液， 向得到的菌体中加入纯硝酸， 放入微波消解炉中消解 20min, 得 到的消解液使用原子吸收光谱分析仪（ SpectrAA 220, Varian, USA ) 测定 镉离子含量， 以确定各菌株对镉离子的吸附能力。 这些测定结果列于附图 2中。
附图 2清楚地表明， 与其它试验菌株相比， 本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子的吸附量最大，因此，对镉离子具有良好的吸附能力。
4、 具有降低镉暴露小鼠组织内镉含量和促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排 镉的作用。
取 20-25g健康雄性昆明小鼠 60只， 随机分为 3组， 每组含小鼠 20 只： 阴性对照组， 镉暴露模型对照组与植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组。试 验第一天， 阴性对照组灌胃 0.5mL普通饮用水；其余 2组灌胃 0.5mL镉浓 度为 3.6mg/L的硫酸镉溶液。 第一次灌胃结束 1小时后， 阴性对照组和镉 暴露模型组灌胃 0.5mL脱脂孔，植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组灌喂 0.5mL 按本说明书实施例 3制备的浓度 2.0x l09CFU/mLCCFM8610脱脂乳悬液。 在第一次灌胃结束 48小时后处死所有小鼠， 分别取肝、 肾， 消化处理后 采用上述原子吸收分光光度法测定组织中的镉含量。这些测定结果列于附 图 3中。 在第一次灌胃结束后的 4h, 8h， 12h, 24h和 48h分别采集小鼠 的粪便， 消化处理后测定粪便中的镉含量。 这些测定结果列于附图 4中。
通过对镉暴露模型组（仅灌胃镉 )及植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610组治疗组 (灌胃镉后 1小时灌胃 CCFM8610 )小鼠体内肝脏、 肾脏及粪便中的镉含 量的比较， 发现本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610能够降低小鼠肝脏、 肾脏， 中的镉含量， 并促进小鼠通过粪便将镉排出。
本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610具有下述生物学特性：
菌体特征： 呈革兰氏染色阳性杆状细菌， 菌体约 0.9-1.2μηι宽， 3-8μηι 长， 不形成芽孢， 两端呈钝圆形， 参见附图 5。
菌落特征： 在 MRS培养基上形成明显的菌落， 直径在 0.3-2.3mm之 间， 正面形态圆形,侧面形态呈突起状， 边缘整齐， 乳白色， 不透明， 表面 湿润光滑， 不产生色素， 参见附图 6。
生长特性： 该菌株的最低生长温度为 12°C , 最高生长温度为 43 °C , 在温度 30-37 °C下生长最佳， 最高和最低初始生长 pH为 9.0和 2.5 , 最适 生长初始 pH为 6.0; 本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌株的延迟期相对较 短， 4 h左右开始进入对数生长期， 16 h就达到稳定期。 本发明植物乳杆菌保存方法：
所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610原始菌种在温度 -75 °C下以 30%重量百分 数的甘油悬液形式保存， 或者在温度 4 °C下以冷冻干燥菌粉的形式保存备 用。
本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610培养方法与培养条件： 在 MRS培养基 中在兼性厌氧条件与温度 37°C的条件下培养 18-36 h即可使用。
本发明还涉及所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在制备具有排镉作用 的药物组合物与发酵食品中的用途。
所述的药物组合物是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂与在药学上可接 受的载体组成的。
根据本发明，所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂是采用通常的冷冻干 燥制备技术将含有所述的植物乳杆菌的菌液制成的冻干粉剂，或是采用其 它方法如喷雾干燥法制备得到的粉剂。
所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂含有 106 CFU/mL以上的活性植物 乳杆菌 CCFM8610。
植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610含量测定方法是本技术领域的技术人员熟知 的 MRS平板菌落计数法。
在所述的药物组合物中，所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂的量是所 述药物组合物重量的 15-35% , 优选地是 18-32% , 更优选地是 20 - 30%。
根据本发明，在药学上可接受的载体应该是指在药学领域中的常规药 物载体， 例如是一种或多种选自在药学上通常使用的填充剂、 粘合剂、润 湿剂、 崩解剂、 润滑剂或矫味剂的载体。
根据本发明，所述的填充剂应该理解是用来增加片剂重量和体积而便 于压片的辅料稀释剂； 或者应该理解是用以吸收原料中多余液体成分的辅 料吸收剂。
所述的填充剂选自淀粉、 蔗糖、 乳糖、 酸钙或微晶纤维素。 优选地， 所述的填充剂选自淀粉、 蔗糖或微晶纤维素。
更优选地， 所述的填充剂选自淀粉或微晶纤维素。
根据本发明， 所述的润湿剂应该理解是药物本身无粘性， 但可润湿其 药物原辅料并诱发其粘性而制成颗粒的液体。
所述的润湿剂选自水、 乙醇、 淀粉或糖浆。
优选地， 所述的润湿剂选自水、 乙醇或淀粉。
本发明使用润湿剂的量是以所述药物组合物总重量计 0. 1 -3. 0%。 根据本发明，所述的粘合剂应该理解是当原料药物本身无粘性或粘性 不足时， 需加入粘性物质以便于制粒， 这种粘性物质称为粘合剂。
所述的粘合剂选自纤维素衍生物、 藻酸盐、 明胶或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。 优选地， 所述的粘合剂选自纤维素衍生物、 明胶或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。 更优选地， 所述的粘合剂选自明胶或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮。
本发明使用粘合剂的量是以所述药物组合物总重量计 0. 5-5. 0%。 根据本发明，所述的崩解剂应该理解是一种能够加入片剂中而促进其 片剂在胃肠液中快速崩解成细小粒子的辅料。 人们知道， 片剂经过压缩后 的硬度大， 如果其中不含有可以促进崩解作用的辅料， 它在胃肠道中崩解 很慢, 影响疗效。
所述的崩解剂选自羧曱基淀粉钠、 羟丙纤维素、 交联羧曱基纤维素、 琼脂、 碳酸钙或碳酸氢钠。
优选地， 所述的崩解剂选自羧曱基淀粉钠、 羟丙纤维素、 交联羧曱基 纤维素、 琼脂或碳酸氢钠。
更优选地， 所述的崩解剂选自羧曱基淀粉钠、 羟丙纤维素、 交联羧曱 基纤维素或碳酸氢钠。
本发明使用崩解剂的量是以所述药 物组合物总重量计
5. 0- 15. 0%。
根据本发明，所述的润滑剂应该理解是一种有利于提高片剂在制粒过 程中的流动性， 防止片剂材料粘附在制片机模子上， 有利于片剂脱模的化 学物质。
所述的润滑剂选自滑石粉、 硬脂酸钙、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶或聚乙二 醇。
优选地，所述的润滑剂选自滑石粉、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁或聚乙二醇。 更优选地， 所述的润滑剂选自滑石粉或硬脂酸钙。
本发明使用润滑剂的量是以所述药物组合物总重量计 0. 5-3. 0%。 根据本发明，所述的矫味剂应该理解是在药品中用以改善或屏蔽药物 不良气味和味道， 使病人难以觉察药物强烈苦味或其它异味， 例如辛辣、 刺激等的药用辅料。
所述的矫味剂例如选自单糖浆、 蔗糖、 卵磚脂、 橙皮糖浆或樱桃糖 浆的甜味剂； 柠檬、 茴香或薄荷油的芳香剂； 海藻酸钠、 阿拉伯胶、 明胶、 曱基纤维素或羧曱基纤维素钠的胶浆剂； 柠檬酸、 酒石酸与碳 酸氢钠混合物的泡腾剂。
优选地， 所述的矫味剂选自单糖浆、 蔗糖、 橙皮糖浆或樱桃糖浆的 甜味剂； 柠檬或薄荷油的芳香剂； 海藻酸钠、 阿拉伯胶、 明胶或羧曱 基纤维素钠的胶浆剂； 酒石酸与碳酸氢钠混合物的泡腾剂。
更优选地，所述的矫味剂选自蔗糖、橙皮糖浆或樱桃糖浆的甜味剂； 柠檬油芳香剂； 海藻酸钠或阿拉伯胶的胶浆剂； 酒石酸与碳酸氢钠混 合物的泡腾剂。
本发明使用矫味剂的量是以所述药 物组合物总重量计 0. 5%- 2. 0%。
本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂可以与在药学上可接受的载体 或赋形剂组合制成各种剂型， 例如颗粒剂、胶嚢剂、 片剂、 丸剂或口服液， 其中在药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂可以根据不同剂型进行选择，所使用 的这些载体或赋形剂及其用量对于制药技术领域的普通技术人员都是容 易确定的， 也是显而易见的。
在本发明中，采用制药技术领域的普通技术人员熟知的普遍使用的方 法和设备制备本发明药物颗粒剂、 胶嚢剂、 片剂、 丸剂或口服液。
所述的 "剂型" 一般应该理解是适用于人的单剂量药物形式， 单个剂 型含有为达到所需药量的预定活性物质， 例如本发明的植物乳杆菌
CCFM8610菌剂。
在本发明中，所述的发酵食品是使用含有植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌种 的发酵剂生产的乳制品、 豆制品与果蔬制品。。
所述发酵剂的制备方法如下：
A、 培养基的制备： 使用以所述培养基总重量计 87.7%水将 10%酶水 解脱脂乳、 0.5%葡萄糖、 1.5%胰蛋白胨与 0.3%酵母浸膏溶解， 然后调整 其 pH为 6.8 , 这样得到所述的培养基；
B、 保护剂的制备： 使用水与保护剂原料制备得到含有 100g/L脱脂奶 粉、 30mL/L甘油、 100g/L麦芽糊精、 150g/L海藻糖、 10g/L L-谷氨酸钠 的保护剂；
C、 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610按照以所述培养基的重量计 2-4%接种量 接种到在温度 110-120°C下灭菌 8-12 min的所述培养基中， 然后在温度 37 °C下培养 18 h, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液清洗 2-4次， 用所述保护剂重悬达 到浓度 101() CFU/ml; 接着， 让该悬浮液在温度 37°C下预培养 60 min, 再 采用冻干法制成所述的发酵剂。
所述的乳制品是牛奶、 酸奶油或干酪。
在本发明中， 所述的牛奶应该理解是牛乳、 马乳或还原乳。 所述的还 原乳是用以还原乳总重量计 10-15%奶粉与 85-90%软化水配制的。 所述的 奶粉是目前市场上广泛销售的产品。
所述的酸奶油是稀奶油经乳酸菌发酵制成的奶油。酸奶油比甜奶油有 更多的优越性， 香味更浓郁， 奶油产量也更高； 另外由于乳酸菌抑制了有 害微生物， 所以消毒杀菌后再次污染微生物的风险也较低。
所述的干酪是由牛奶经发酵制成的一种营养价值很高的食品。 所述的豆制品是豆奶、豆豉或豆酱。 它们都是我国的传统食品或调味 。
所述的果蔬制品是黄瓜、 胡萝卜、 甜菜、 芹菜或圆白菜制品。
在生产乳制品、 豆制品与果蔬制品时， 按照下述方法使用本发明的植 物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂发酵剂：
通常， 在生产乳制品、 豆制品和果蔬制品的常规生产过程中， 把本发 明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂发酵剂按照常规使用量接种到待处理的 原料中， 在能够使所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610繁殖的温度、 压力下进行 发酵或存活，其代谢产物使发酵制品具有一定的酸度、香味等优异特性， 同时使产品延长了保藏时间， 改善了产品营养价值和消化性。
[有益效果】
本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610具有耐酸性，在体外对镉离子有良好 的耐受和吸附能力， 可降低小鼠肝脏和肾脏中的镉含量， 并促进小鼠通过 粪便将镉排出体外。所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610可用于制备具有排镉 功能的药物组合物与发酵食品， 具有非常广泛的应用前景。
【附图说明】
图 1是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610于含起始浓度为 50mg/L, 150mg/L, 500mg/L的镉离子培养基中的生长曲线；
图 2 是 9株乳酸菌对镉离子的吸附情况。
其中： CCFM8610, CCFM8614 和 CCFM8661 为植物乳杆菌。 CCFM8761为罗伊氏乳杆菌。 CCFM8004为保加利亚乳杆菌。 CCFM8602 为加氏乳杆菌。 LGG为鼠李糖乳杆菌。 CCFM8622为两歧双歧杆菌。 CCFM8147为德氏乳杆菌。
图 3 是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉暴露小鼠肝脏和肾脏中镉水平的 降低作用； a, b, c表示不同字母所代表的组别都存在显著性差异（ P<0.05 )。
图 4 是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610促进小鼠通过粪便排镉的作用； a, b 表示不同字母所代表的组别都存在显著性差异（PO.05 )。
图 5 是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的菌体形态 （ ΙΟΟΟχ )。 图 6是植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的菌落形态。
【具体实施方式】
实施例 1: 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子的耐受能力实验
在无菌条件下，向 1L水中加入 0.3423g 3CdSO4 '8H2O,得到 150mg/L 的镉离子水溶液。 使用这种镉离子水溶液溶解 MRS培养基固体配料， 得 到含 150mg/L镉离子的 MRS液体培养基。 MRS培养基是本技术领域的技 术人员熟知的培养基， 它含有胰蛋白胨、 酵母浸膏、 葡萄糖、 醋酸钠、柠 檬酸二铵、 吐温 80、 硫酸镁、 硫酸锰， pH 6.2 ~ 6.4。
以与前面描述的同样方式配制含有 50mg/L与 500mg/L镉离子浓度的 MRS液体培养基。 将进入稳定期的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610按照以含镉的 MRS液体培养基重量计 2%接种量接种于所述的含镉 MRS液体培养基中， 在 37°C条件下进行培养， 分别在 0h、 2h、 4h、 6h、 8h、 12h、 16h、 20h、 24h时取样， 进行标准平板计数， 得到如附图 1所示的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610生长曲线。另夕卜，将 1 mL所述的菌液接入不含镉的 MRS液体 培养基中， 在同样条件下进行培养并计数， 其结果作为空白对照结果，这 些试验结果也列于附图 1中。
由附图 1可以看出，在三个不同镉离子浓度下，植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610 虽然在开始时生长受到抑制， 但随后其生长量迅速增加。 24h时， CCFM8610在 50mg/L与 150mg/L镉离子浓度中的生长量已经接近了空白 对照组。 因此，其结果表明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子具有良好的耐 受能力。 实施例 2: 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子的吸附能力实验
按照耐酸性（在 pH3.0环境中能够生长）的筛选标准， 从我国传统食 品， 例如泡菜， 发酵奶酒中筛选出 9株乳酸菌， 将这 9株乳酸菌在无菌条 件下使用 MRS培养基进行纯化和活化。 将这些活化菌液振荡均匀， 以转 速 6000 r/min进行离心 15min。 得到的菌体转移到装有 150mg/L镉离子浓 度溶液的容器中， 而空白组则转移到去离子水中。 根据菌体质量确定蓝盖 瓶中液体的体积， 使菌体的最终浓度达到 lg/L。 将以上样品于温度 37°C 下培养 1 h。 使用 Beckman离心机以转速 6000 r/min离心 20min , 再用无 菌水洗涤、 离心一次。 分离除去上清液， 向得到的菌体中加入纯硝酸，放 入微波消解炉中消解 20min, 得到的消解液使用本申请说明书描述的原子 吸收光谱分析仪与方法测定镉离子含量， 以确定不同菌株吸附镉离子的能 力。
其试验结果如附图 2所示。 由附图 2可以看出， 不同的菌种对镉离子 的吸附能力差异较大。其中植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的吸附能力最强，可吸 附 10.92mg/g镉离子，而德氏乳杆菌 CCFM8147对镉离子的吸附能力较差， 只能吸附 3.22mg/g的镉离子， 其吸附能力远低于本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610。 实施例 3: 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610灌喂小鼠的耐受剂量实验
将植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610冻干菌粉重悬于脱脂乳中， 制成浓度为
2.0x l09cf /mL的悬液。 取约 20g健康雄性昆明小鼠 10只， 每日给予该浓 度悬液灌胃一次， 观察一周， 记录死亡和体重情况。
这些试验结果列于表 1中。 这些结果表明， 喂食浓度 2.0x l09cf /mL 的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610未对小鼠造成明显影响，体重明显上升，无死亡 现象产生。 小鼠外观无明显病理症状。
喂食浓度 2.0x l09cfu/mL的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610
对小鼠体重的变化情况
时间 （天） 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 体重 ( g) 22.3±2.9 22.9±1.3 23.1±2.2 23.2±2.1 23.6±0.9 24.6±1.1 25.0±1.2 死亡情况 - - - - - - - 小鼠无死亡 实施例 4:植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉暴露小鼠肝脏和肾脏中镉水平 的降低作用
取 20-25g健康雄性昆明小鼠 60只， 随机分为 3组， 每组含小鼠 20 只： 阴性对照组， 镉暴露模型对照组与植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组。试 验第一天， 阴性对照组灌胃 0.5mL普通饮用水；其余 2组灌胃 0.5mL镉浓 度为 3.6mg/L的硫酸镉溶液。 第一次灌胃结束 1小时后， 阴性对照组和镉 暴露模型组灌胃 0.5mL脱脂孔，植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组灌喂 0.5mL 按本说明书实施例 3制备的浓度 2.0xl09CFU/mL CCFM8610脱脂乳悬液。 在第一次灌胃结束 48小时后处死所有小鼠， 分别取肝脏和肾脏， 消化处 理后采用本申请说明书描述的原子吸收分光光度法测定组织中的镉含量。
这些试验结果如附图 3所示。 通过对镉暴露模型组（仅灌胃镉）及植 物乳杆菌 CCFM8610组治疗组（灌胃镉后 1小时灌胃 CCFM8610 ) 小鼠 体内肝脏和肾脏中的镉含量的比较可以发现， 本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组中小鼠肝脏和肾脏中的镉含量均比阴性对照组高，但低 于镉暴露模型对照组。 肝脏和肾脏是镉攻击机体的靶器官， 也是镉最易在 机体中蓄积的两个器官。在镉暴露后一小时内灌胃 CCFM8610可使小鼠肝 脏和肾脏中的镉含量明显降低， 均具有显著性（P < 0.05 ) , 这也说明植物 乳杆菌 CCFM8610确实具有降低镉暴露小鼠体内镉含量的作用。 实施例 2 已经表明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子有较强的吸附能力， CCFM8610 进入机体后可能迅速吸附镉离子，从而阻止镉离子被肠道吸收进入血液和 组织。 实施例 5:植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排镉的作 用
取 20-25g健康雄性昆明小鼠 60只， 随机分为 3组， 每组含小鼠 20 只： 阴性对照组， 镉暴露模型对照组与植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组。试 验第一天， 阴性对照组灌胃 0.5mL普通饮用水；其余 2组灌胃 0.5mL镉浓 度为 3.6mg/L的硫酸镉溶液。 第一次灌胃结束 1小时后， 阴性对照组和镉 暴露模型组灌胃 0.5mL脱脂孔，植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组灌喂 0.5mL 按本说明书实施例 3制备的浓度 2.0xl09CFU/mL CCFM8610脱脂乳悬液。 在第一次灌胃结束后的 4h, 8h, 12h, 24h和 48h分别采集小鼠的粪便， 消化处理后采用本申请说明书描述的原子吸收分光光度法测定粪便中的 镉含量。
这些试验结果如附图 4所示， 阴性对照组粪便中无法检测到镉， 因此 在图中没有显示。 通过对镉暴露模型组 （仅灌胃镉） 及植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610组治疗组（灌胃镉后 1小时灌胃 CCFM8610 )小鼠不同时间段 粪便中的镉含量比较可以发现，本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610治疗组中 的小鼠在 8h, 12h及 24h粪便中的镉含量均比镉暴露模型组要高， 且具有 显著性（ P < 0.05 ), 这也说明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610确实具有促进镉暴露 小鼠排镉的作用。实施例 2已经表明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610对镉离子有较 强的吸附能力， CCFM8610进入机体后可能迅速吸附镉离子， 并通过粪便 排出体外， 从而达到排镉的效果。
以上这些动物实验表明，本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610能够促进小鼠 通过粪便排镉， 并显著降低镉暴露小鼠组织内的镉含量。 应用实施例 1: 利用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制造含该菌的牛乳 按照下述步骤制备发酵剂：
A、 培养基的制备： 使用以所述培养基总重量计 87.7%水将 10%酶水 解脱脂乳、 0.5%葡萄糖、 1.5%胰蛋白胨与 0.3%酵母浸膏溶解， 然后调整 其 pH为 6.8 , 这样得到所述的培养基； 所述的酶水解脱脂乳、 葡萄糖、胰 蛋白胨与酵母浸膏都是目前市场上销售的产品。
B、 保护剂的制备： 使用水与保护剂原料制备得到含有 100g/L脱脂奶 粉、 30mL/L甘油、 100g/L麦芽糊精、 150g/L海藻糖、 10g/L L-谷氨酸钠 的保护剂。 C、 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610按照以所述培养基的重量计 3%接种量接 种到在温度 110-120°C下灭菌 8-12 min的所述培养基中， 然后在温度 37°C 下培养 18 h, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液清洗 3次， 用所述保护剂重悬达到浓 度 101() CFU/ml; 接着， 让该悬浮液在温度 37°C下预培养 60 min, 再采用 冻干法制成所述的发酵剂。
将原料乳脱脂奶在 95°C热杀菌 20min, 然后冷却至 4°C , 再加入上述 制备的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610发酵剂， 使其浓度达到 106 CFU/ml以上， 在 4 °C下冷藏保存，于是得到含本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610活菌的牛乳。 应用实施例 2: 利用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制造含该菌的豆奶 采用软水浸泡大豆， 在温度 80°C下浸泡 2 h, 再去除大豆皮。 接着， 沥去浸泡水， 再加沸水磨浆， 并在高于 80°C的温度条件下保温 12min。得 到的浆料用 150目筛网过滤， 接着进行离心分离， 得到的离心液即为粗豆 奶， 再将它加热到温度 140-150°C , 然后将热粗豆奶迅速导入真空冷却室 进行抽真空， 所述粗豆奶中的异味物质随着水蒸汽迅速排出。 经过真空脱 气后， 将其温度降至约 37°C , 再接入本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610工 作发酵剂， 使其浓度达到 106 CFU/ml以上， 在温度 4°C下冷藏保存， 于是 得到含本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610活菌的豆奶。 应用实施例 3: 利用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制造含该菌的果蔬 饮料
选用新鲜蔬菜洗净后榨汁， 接着进行高温瞬间灭菌， 在温度 140°C下 高温热杀菌 2秒后，立即降温到温度约 37°C ,再接入本发明制备的植物乳 杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂发酵剂，使其浓度达到 106 CFU/mL以上，在温度 4°C 下冷藏保存， 于是得到含本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610活菌的果蔬饮料。 应用实施例 4: 制备含有本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的胶嚢制品 将本发明的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在 MRS培养基中培养 24 h, 在温 度 4°C与 4000 r/min的条件下离心 20 min, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液沖洗两 次， 使用脱脂乳重悬菌体使最终菌体浓度达到 2x l01Q CFU/mL。 将菌悬液 加入到 3重量％海藻酸钠溶液中， 充分搅拌， 使得细胞均匀地分散于海藻 S史钠溶液中， 然后将此混合液挤压到 2重量％氯化钙溶液中形成胶粒， 静 止固化 30min, 过滤收集胶粒， 将收集得到的胶粒进行冷冻干燥 48h, 得 到含本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的粉剂，把这种粉剂装入到在目前市场 上销售的药用胶嚢中， 得到所述的胶嚢制品。 应用实施例 5:使用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制备用于生产乳制 品、 豆制品以及果蔬制品的发酵剂
将植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610按照以所述培养基重量计 3%接种量接种于 115 °C温度下灭菌 lO min的培养基中， 该培养基由以该培养基总重量计 10%酶水解脱脂孔、 0.5%葡萄糖、 1.5%胰蛋白胨、 0.3%酵母浸膏和余量水 组成， pH6.8。 然后， 让接种植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的培养基在温度 37°C 下培养 18 h, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液清洗两次， 再用保护剂重悬达到浓度 1010CFU/ml。 所述的保护剂含有 100g/L脱脂奶粉、 30mL/L甘油、 100g/L 麦芽糊精、 150g/L海藻糖与 10g/L L-谷氨酸钠。
接着， 让该悬浮液在温度 37°C下预培养 60 min, 再进行冷冻干燥， 得到所述的乳制品、 豆制品以及果蔬制品的发酵剂。 应用实施例 6: 利用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制备发酵乳 鲜奶加糖溶解后， 在温度 65 °C与 20 MPa条件下进行均质， 然后在温 度 95 °C下保温杀菌 5 min, 再将温度降到温度 35 °C , 加入本发明植物乳杆 菌 CCFM8610、商业干粉发酵剂保加利亚乳杆菌和商业干粉发酵剂嗜热链 球菌组成的混合菌， 它们的质量比例为 1: 1 : 1 , 所述混合菌的接种量为鲜奶 重量的 0.03 % , 混匀， 在温度 35 °C下保温发酵， 凝乳后， 在温度 4°C下冷 藏 24 h, 得到所述的发酵乳 应用实施例 7: 利用本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610制备片剂
分别称取采用冷冻干燥方法制备的本发明植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌 粉制剂 25.7重量份、 淀粉 55.0重量份、 纤维素衍生物 4.5重量份、羧曱基 淀粉钠 12.0重量份、 滑石粉 0.8重量份、 蔗糖 1.0重量份与水 1.0重量份， 混合， 采用常规方法制成湿颗粒， 然后使用中南制药机械厂生产的压片机 进行压片， 然后使用青州市益康中药机械有限公司生产的小型药物干燥机 中进行干燥， 再包装得到本发明的片剂。

Claims

1、 一种植物乳 4干菌、 Lactobacillus plantarum ) Y S^V^ 该菌株已 于 2012年 5月 3 日在北京市朝阳区北辰西路 1号院 3号中国科学院微生 物研究所中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心保藏，其保藏号 为 CGMCC No. 6077。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610, 其特征在于它具 有下述性质：
(1)具有耐酸性， 在 pH3.0-9.0环境条件下生长良好， 在 pH2.5环境下 存活良好；
(2)在体外含镉培养基中培养， 对镉离子有良好的耐受能力；
(3)在体外含镉水溶液中孵育， 对镉离子有良好的吸附能力；
(4)具有降低镉暴露小鼠体内镉含量和促进镉暴露小鼠通过粪便排镉 的作用。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610在制备具有排镉 功能的药物组合物与发酵食品中的用途。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的用途， 其特征在于所述的药物组合物是 由植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂与在药学上可接受的载体组成的。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的用途， 其特征在于所述的植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌剂是将含有所述植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610的菌液通过常规冷 冻干燥工艺制备或其它工艺制备所得到的粉剂， 它含有 106 CFU/g以上的 活性植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的用途， 其特征在于在药学上可接受的载体 是一种或多种选自在药学上通常使用的填充剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂， 润滑剂或矫味剂的载体。
7、根据权利要求 3或 4所述的用途，其特征在于所述的药物组合物 是颗粒剂、 胶嚢剂、 片剂、 丸剂或口服液剂型。
8、 根据权利要求 2所述的用途， 其特征在于所述的发酵食品是使用 含有植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌种的发酵剂生产的乳制品、豆制品与果蔬制 口口，
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的用途， 其特征在于所述的发酵剂是通过下 述制备步骤得到的：
Α、 培养基的制备： 使用以所述培养基总重量计 87.7%的水将 10%酶 水解脱脂乳、 0.5%葡萄糖、 1.5%胰蛋白胨与 0.3%酵母浸膏溶解， 然后调 整其 ρΗ为 6.8, 这样得到所述的培养基；
Β、 保护剂的制备： 使用水与保护剂原料混合制备得到含有 100 g/ L 脱脂奶粉、 30 mL/ L甘油、 100 g/ L麦芽糊精、 150 g/ L海藻糖、 10 g/ L L- 谷氨酸钠的保护剂；
C、 植物乳杆菌 CCFM8610菌种按照以所述培养基的重量计 2-4%接 种量接种到在温度 110-120°C下灭菌 8-12 min的所述培养基中， 然后在温 度 37°C下培养 18 h, 用 pH7.2磷酸盐緩沖液清洗 2-4次， 用所述的保护剂 重悬达到浓度 1010 CFU/ml;接着，让该悬浮液在温度 37°C下预培养 60 min, 再进行冷冻干燥得到所述的发酵剂。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的用途， 其特征在于所述的乳制品是牛奶、 S史奶油或干酪； 所述的豆制品是豆奶、 豆豉或豆酱； 所述的果蔬制品是黄 瓜、 胡萝卜、 甜菜、 芹菜或圆白菜制品。
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