CN117487683A - 具有抗幽护胃和消食化积功效的益生菌组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
具有抗幽护胃和消食化积功效的益生菌组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117487683A CN117487683A CN202310176608.9A CN202310176608A CN117487683A CN 117487683 A CN117487683 A CN 117487683A CN 202310176608 A CN202310176608 A CN 202310176608A CN 117487683 A CN117487683 A CN 117487683A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种益生菌组合物和益生菌产品,益生菌组合物包括重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌,用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。本发明所提供的益生菌组合物定殖于肠道后能产生抗幽门螺旋杆菌的活性物质,进而消除胃部的幽门螺旋杆菌;还可产生蛋白质、多糖、维生素等多种功能性营养物质,加速修复胃肠损伤,增强胃肠动力;还可增加肠道有益菌的种类和数量,平衡肠道微生态,从根本上避免食物在胃肠内堆积,解决消化不良。该益生菌组合物可应用在果蔬、中药、粉剂、片剂等不同领域,且产品在活菌状态或者灭活状态下均有抑制幽门螺旋杆菌、修护胃损伤、促进食物消化吸收等显著效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及益生菌技术领域,尤其涉及具有抗幽护胃和消食化积功效的益生菌组合物及其应用。
背景技术
幽门螺旋杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,Hp)是螺杆菌属的代表菌种,是一种微厌氧、螺旋形的革兰氏阴性菌,营养要求高,具有多种酶类物质,主要分布在胃黏膜组织中,通过餐具传播、接吻传播、粪口传播、食物传播等方式进行传播。幽门螺旋杆菌是一种致病菌,可诱发胃肠道疾病(如:慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡、腹痛、胀气、消化不良、肠易激综合征等)、心脑血管疾病、肝胆疾病(如:慢性肝炎、慢性胆管炎和肝硬化等)、慢性支气管炎和缺铁性贫血等其他系统疾病,甚至会诱发肿瘤,因此被归类为I级致癌物。
目前市面上还没有预防幽门螺旋杆菌的抗体,因此感染幽门螺旋杆菌的人群主要通过使用标准三联法和标准四联法两种方法进行治疗,虽有一定效果,但是长期食用容易导致体内幽门螺旋杆菌耐药性增强,并引起肠道内菌群失调等不良反应,此外,药物附带的毒素也会在肝脏内富集,对肝脏产生二次损伤。
益生菌作为新兴的现代生物疗法,然而现阶段,市面上还没有一款益生菌产品能同时起到抗幽护胃和消食化积的作用,同时药效温和、高效且不反弹。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种益生菌组合物,起到抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
本发明的目的之二在于提供益生菌组合物的应用。
本发明的目的之三在于提供一种益生菌产品,起到抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种益生菌组合物,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌中的一种或任意组合;所述益生菌组合物用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。
优选地,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15703的罗伊氏乳杆菌K07,所述植物乳杆菌为保藏编号为GDMCC No.61545的植物乳杆菌LP-100,所述青春双歧杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15709的青春双歧杆菌Y54,所述嗜酸乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCCNo.15705的嗜酸乳杆菌K43。
优选地,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43中的两种、三种和四种组合。
罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43中的任意一种均能发挥抗幽护胃效果和消食化积效果。也可以采用两种益生菌进行组合,如罗伊氏乳杆菌和植物乳杆菌组合,罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌组合,罗伊氏乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组合,植物乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌组合,植物乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组合,青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌。也可以是三种益生菌进行组合,如罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌组合;植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组合;罗伊氏乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组合;罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组合。也可以是罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌这四种菌进行组合。
进一步地,所述益生菌组合物包括重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌;所述罗伊氏乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCCNo.15703的罗伊氏乳杆菌K07,所述植物乳杆菌为保藏编号为GDMCCNo.61545的植物乳杆菌LP-100,所述青春双歧杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCCNo.15709的青春双歧杆菌Y54,所述嗜酸乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15705的嗜酸乳杆菌K43;所述益生菌组合物用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。
在本发明中,4种益生菌的重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5时,可以发挥最优的抗幽护胃和消食化积功效。
本发明所提供的益生菌组合物具有特定的RNA片段,它们定殖于肠道后能产生抗幽门螺旋杆菌的活性物质,进而消除胃部的幽门螺旋杆菌,此外,本发明的益生菌定殖于肠道后还可产生蛋白质、多糖、维生素等多种功能性营养物质,加速修复胃肠损伤,增强胃肠动力。同时,本发明的益生菌定殖于肠道后还可增加肠道有益菌的种类和数量,平衡肠道微生态,从根本上避免食物在胃肠内堆积,解决消化不良的病症。
嗜酸乳杆菌:为革兰氏阳性的兼性厌氧菌,最适生长温度为35-38℃,20℃以下基本不生长,耐热性差,耐酸性较强,形态为细杆状。主要存在于人和动物的肠胃中,以单个、成对或短链形式存在,无芽孢,无鞭毛,过氧化氢酶阴性,不产生细胞色素,耐酸、耐胆盐,具有较强的粘附性。嗜酸乳杆菌营养要求复杂,能利用葡萄糖、乳糖、果糖和蔗糖等一些单糖和寡糖进行同型发酵,产生各种具有特殊功能的代谢产物。一些B族维生素和叶酸可以促进嗜酸乳杆菌的生长。
植物乳杆菌:为革兰氏阳性的兼性厌氧菌,最适生长温度为30-35℃,耐酸、耐胆盐,具有较强的自凝聚能力和黏附能力,肠道定殖能力强,形态为杆状,无芽孢。植物乳杆菌具有胆盐水解酶及蛋白水解酶活性,对肠道致病菌有一定的抑制作用;能通过细菌本身或细胞壁成分提高黏膜表面和血清中IgA、IgG和IgM水平,增强体液免疫;能促进T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞的增殖,加强细胞免疫;能增强单核吞噬细胞(单核细胞和巨噬细胞)的活力,刺激活性氧、溶酶体酶和单核因子的分泌,加强非特异性免疫反应;通过代谢抗菌物质(乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素等)、分泌幽门螺杆菌竞争性粘附受体、刺激黏蛋白的表达和稳定胃黏膜等作用来抑制幽门螺杆菌定植。
罗伊氏乳杆菌:为革兰氏阳性的专性异型发酵细菌,最适生长温度为36-40℃,耐胃酸和胆汁能力强,是少有的以消化道作为天然寄居地的益生菌,形态为轻微不规则、圆形末端的弯曲杆菌,具有良好的粘附和繁殖能力。主要来源于狗和灵长类、鸡和牛仔、猪以及婴儿和年轻人的肠道和粪便。罗伊氏乳杆菌能抑制幽门螺氏杆菌与糖脂受体的结合,阻止Asialo-GMI和硫酸酯的结合,抑制病原菌与肠道上皮细胞的结合。此外,还可肠道内定植,与病原菌竞争营养物质,并产生多种抑菌物质,菌体与其他有益菌的黏附组成肠上皮的生物屏障,通过空间障碍、竞争性抑制靶向细胞上的附着位点或者微菌落扩散共同抵御病原菌的侵袭。
青春双歧杆菌:为革兰氏阳性的严格厌氧菌,最适生长温度为37-42℃,形态为V字型,具有很强的耐酸、耐胆盐、耐氧性,对人体胃酸和胆碱有较强的适应力,是早期婴儿肠道微生物菌群构筑时的第一批成员。青春双歧杆菌能分泌乳酸、丁酸、乙酸等短链脂肪酸,改善了肠上皮细胞的机械屏障,而且青春双歧杆菌优势菌群的建立还改善了菌群屏障和免疫屏障,从而使肠黏膜屏障功能受损得到缓解。此外,青春双歧杆菌不仅可以产生多种营养素和消化酶,还可以对肠道中含氮的有害物质进行利用,降低血氨,达到改善内脏功能的作用。青春双歧杆菌定植于肠道后,能刺激肠道免疫系统分泌免疫球蛋白,增强肠道的抵抗能力。
进一步地,所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物或灭活型组合物,所述益生菌组合物在活菌状态或灭活状态下均具有抗幽护胃、消食化积的显著效果。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物时,可以为由嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合制成的粉剂、片剂以及其他剂型产品;或者,可以为利用嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合对果蔬组合物或中药组合物进行发酵,发酵完成后不进行灭菌处理,所得的发酵物为活菌状态产品。优选地,所述益生菌组合物为重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为灭活型组合物时,可以为利用嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合对果蔬组合物或中药组合物进行发酵,发酵完成后进行灭活处理,所得的发酵物为灭活状态产品。优选地,所述益生菌组合物为重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物时,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌、所述植物乳杆菌、所述青春双歧杆菌和所述嗜酸乳杆菌的重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~4,优选地重量比为4~5:2~3:2~3:2~3,更加优选地重量比为4:2:2:2。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物时,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为灭活型组合物时,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌、所述植物乳杆菌、所述青春双歧杆菌和所述嗜酸乳杆菌的重量比为2~4:2~4:2~4:2~5,优选地重量比为2~3:2~3:2~3:4~5,更加优选地重量比为2:2:2:4。
进一步地,当所述益生菌组合物为灭活型组合物时,所述益生菌组合物罗伊氏乳杆菌15-25份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌35-45份。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现:
本发明还提供了将目的之一所述的益生菌组合物在制备抗幽护胃产品和消食化积产品中的应用。
进一步地,所述抗幽护胃产品和消食化积产品的剂型可以为片剂、胶囊、颗粒剂、口服液、混悬液、乳剂或粉末剂等。
进一步地,所述抗幽护胃产品和消食化积产品的类型为食品、保健品或药物等。
本发明的目的之三采用如下技术方案实现:
一种益生菌产品,包括目的之一所述的益生菌组合物以及辅料(例如食品、保健品或医学上可接受的载体、辅料或添加剂),所述益生菌产品用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。
进一步地,在所述益生菌产品中,益生菌为灭活型或活菌型。例如:当在益生菌产品中,益生菌为活菌型时,可以为由嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合制成的粉剂、片剂以及其他剂型产品;或者,可以为利用嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合对果蔬组合物或中药组合物进行发酵,发酵完成后不进行灭菌处理,所得的发酵物为活菌状态产品。当在益生菌产品中,益生菌为灭活型时,可以为利用嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌和青春双歧杆菌中的一种或组合对果蔬组合物或中药组合物进行发酵,发酵完成后进行灭活处理,所得的发酵物为灭活状态产品。
进一步地,所述益生菌产品为益生菌粉剂产品,所述益生菌粉剂产品还包括膳食纤维和/或益生元,所述膳食纤维可以包括抗性糊精;所述益生元可以包括低聚果糖、低聚木糖、水苏糖、低聚半乳糖和低聚异麦芽糖中的一种或任意组合。
抗性糊精含有异构化糖,是可溶性膳食纤维,在结肠中被肠道微生物发酵利用,能促进包括双歧杆菌、干酪乳杆菌在内的多种肠道益生菌群的生长繁殖。
低聚果糖是果糖基经β-2,1糖苷键连接而成的聚合度为2~9的功能性低聚糖,可以增殖双歧杆菌、改善肠道菌群,同时还可抑制肠道腐败,促进钙、镁等矿质元素的吸收。
低聚木糖是以2~7个木糖分子以β-1,4糖苷键结合而成的功能性低聚糖,能够有选择性地促进双歧杆菌在肠道内的增殖活性,使肠道保持正向平衡,同时还能通过增殖双歧杆菌来增强机体的免疫功能。
水苏糖是一种天然存在于植物(草石蚕、泽兰、地黄、地灵、大豆等)中的益生元,能靶向增殖双歧杆菌,调节肠道菌群。
低聚半乳糖含有半乳糖基转移低聚糖,能促进双歧杆菌增殖,还能通过影响β-羟基-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A还原酶的活性来改善脂质代谢。
低聚异麦芽糖含有异麦芽糖、潘糖、异麦芽三糖,能促进益生菌生长,调节肠道菌群。
进一步地,所述益生菌粉剂产品包括所述益生菌组合物、膳食纤维和益生元,具体包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份、嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份、抗性糊精25-30份、低聚果糖15-20份、低聚木糖15-20份、水苏糖10-15份、低聚半乳糖10-15份、低聚异麦芽糖10-15份,上述材料均为食品原料,所述益生菌粉剂产品具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
所述益生菌粉剂产品可以通过干混工艺制备而成,优选地,所述益生菌粉剂产品的制备方法包括以下步骤:
干燥步骤:将抗性糊精放进烘箱,于60~65℃干燥30~35min,得干燥品A;
混合步骤:将干燥品A、低聚果糖、低聚木糖、水苏糖、低聚半乳糖和低聚异麦芽糖依次投入混料罐中,设置混合转速频率40~43Hz,混合时间10~13min,得基料B;
过筛步骤:将基料B过80~90目筛网,得基料C;
菌粉混合:将益生菌组合物与基料C投入混料罐中,设置混合转速频率40~43Hz,混合时间5~10min,得益生菌粉剂产品。
进一步地,所述益生菌产品为益生菌片剂产品,所述益生菌片剂产品还包括膳食纤维和/或益生元,所述膳食纤维可以包括抗性糊精;所述益生元可以包括低聚果糖、低聚木糖、水苏糖、低聚半乳糖和低聚异麦芽糖中的一种或任意组合。
进一步地,所述益生菌片剂产品包括所述益生菌组合物、膳食纤维和益生元,具体包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份、嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份、抗性糊精80-85份、低聚果糖1-5份、低聚木糖1-5份、水苏糖1-5份、低聚半乳糖1-5份、低聚异麦芽糖1-5份,上述材料均为食品原料,所述益生菌片剂产品具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
所述益生菌片剂产品可以通过直压工艺制备而成,优选地,所述益生菌片剂产品的制备方法包括以下步骤:
制粒步骤:将抗性糊精、水苏糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖按照配方量混合均匀,得基料A,调节干法制粒机的液轧轮压力为2~3MPa、转速9~10r/min,将基料A加入到干法制粒机中,经破碎机构破碎成小颗粒后,过60~80目筛网整粒,得基料B;
混合步骤:将基料B、低聚果糖、低聚木糖和益生菌组合物投入混料罐中,设置混合转速频率为40~43Hz,混合时间5~10min,得基料C;
压片步骤:将基料C投入压片机的料斗后,在50N~60N的压力下直压,得益生菌片剂。
进一步地,所述益生菌产品为益生菌发酵果蔬口服液,由所述益生菌组合物对果蔬组合物进行发酵而成,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌15-25份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌35-45份;所述果蔬组合物包括:甘蓝10-15份、白菜10-15份、莴苣1-5份、苜蓿1-5份、西蓝花10-15份、芥蓝1-5份、西洋菜1-5份、橄榄5-10份、蔓越莓10-15份、柑橘10-15份、桑葚10-15份和沙棘果10-15份;上述材料均为食品原料或药食同源原料。
甘蓝富含维生素C、维生素U、吲哚等,具有增强免疫力、消炎,防治胃病的功效,能加速溃疡的愈合和预防溃疡病变,同时还能激活胃黏膜的代谢酶,进而形成一层对抗外来致癌物侵蚀的保护膜。白菜含有丰富的纤维素、微量的钼以及其他营养物质,其中,纤维素能促进胃肠蠕动,帮助消化的功能,钼可抑制人体内亚硝酸胺的生成和吸收,具有防癌抗癌的功效。莴苣富含黄酮、倍半萜,其次是多酚和脂肪酸,少量香豆素化合物,具有抗氧化、降血糖降血脂,抗肿瘤等作用。苜蓿含有丰富的营养成分且含热量非常低,具有清热利湿、和胃利肠的功效,《本草纲目》中有相关记载“安中利人,可食,利五脏,轻身健人,洗去脾胃间邪热气,通小肠诸恶热毒,…,利大小肠”。西蓝花含有异硫氰酸酯,能抑制幽门螺旋杆菌生长,此外,还含有萝卜子素,能提高致癌物解毒酶的活性。芥蓝含有有机碱,能刺激人的味觉神经,增进食欲,还可加快胃肠蠕动,有助消化。西洋菜富含葡萄糖苯乙基异硫氰酸酯,其酶解产物为苯乙基异硫氰酸酯(PEITC),PEITC可以通过预防或抑制幽门螺杆菌生长来预防或治疗处于危险或需要治疗的患者的顽固性慢性胃炎、溃疡或胃癌。橄榄富含如多酚类、黄酮类、苯丙素类、多糖类物质,具有提高免疫力、抗癌、调理肠胃的作用,《本草求真》称其为“肺胃家果”,《本草备要》称其是“肝胃之果”。蔓越莓含有的原花青素、鞣花酸、酚酸、白藜芦醇等功能性成分,具有抑制幽门螺旋菌生长繁殖、加速癌细胞凋亡的作用。柑橘含有丰富的黄酮类化合物(如多甲氧基黄酮、川陈皮素、橙皮苷等)具有较强的抗氧化、抑制致病菌、抗炎、抗癌及预防心血管疾病等功效。桑葚含有桑葚多糖,通过提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,阻止自由基的反应链,清除自由基,此外,还含有白芦藜醇,具有防心血管疾病、防癌、抗病毒及免疫调节作用。沙棘果含有丰富的β-谷甾醇,能够提高不饱和磷脂对胃部的保护能力,从而降低患胃溃疡(如:幽门结扎型、应激型和利血平型胃溃疡)的风险。
本发明所提供的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效,果蔬组合物采用天然食品原料,联合多种组方,按照协同增效、逐层递进等治疗原则,抑制人体内幽门螺旋杆菌生长、修复胃肠损伤、提高胃肠动力和提高免疫力。本发明的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液精选2种十字花科蔬菜(甘蓝、白菜)协同莴苣、苜蓿、橄榄提供丰富的维生素U、维生素K、铁元素等各种微量元素,作为护胃组方,强化胃肠屏障;精选3种十字花科蔬菜(西蓝花、芥蓝、西洋菜)提供丰富的异硫氰酸酯,作为抗幽组方,杀灭幽门螺旋杆菌;精选4种水果(蔓越莓、柑橘、桑葚、沙棘果)提供丰富的花青素、维生素C、鞣酸以及各种有机酸等营养素,作为消食组方,有利于促进胃肠蠕动,加快食物胃排空,达到消食化积的作用。此外,抗幽组方在清除胃部幽门螺旋杆菌、肠道致病菌之后,护胃组方可以同步进行胃肠粘膜修复,强化胃肠动力,消食组方则进一步协同抗幽组方和护胃组方,加快推进胃部幽门螺旋杆菌排出体外,同时减轻胃肠负担,保护肠胃。本发明的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液仅从果蔬组合物配方(不包括益生菌)上来说,已经是非常具有创新性的,其虽作为食品配方,但可以达到抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
本发明所提供的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液的制备方法包括以下步骤:
旋转发酵步骤:将所述果蔬组合物破碎之后输入旋转罐中,旋转罐转动方式正反交替,每次旋转4~5min,转速4~5r/min,间隔20~30min,发酵温度26~28℃,发酵时间为25~35h,得果蔬基料A;
榨汁步骤:将果蔬基料A经淋汁取得自流汁,再加入0.001%~0.002%偏重亚硫酸钾,得果蔬基料B;
澄清步骤:将果蔬基料B放进高速离心机中,设置转速10000~12000r/min,时间5~10min,过滤即得果蔬基料C;
菌种活化步骤:将益生菌组合物用生理盐水进行溶解,制成发酵种子液;
菌种发酵步骤:将果蔬基料C转入发酵罐内,加入发酵种子液,控制品温在37~39℃,进行密闭发酵24~26h,得果蔬发酵液A;
澄清步骤:将果蔬发酵液A放进高速离心机中,设置转速10000~12000r/min,时间5~10min,过滤即得果蔬发酵液B;
菌种二次发酵步骤:将果蔬发酵液B转入发酵罐内,加入发酵种子液,控制品温在37~39℃,进行密闭发酵24~26h,得果蔬发酵液C;
澄清步骤:将果蔬发酵液C放进高速离心机中,转速10000~12000r/min,时间5~10min,过滤即得果蔬发酵液D;
灭菌步骤:将果蔬发酵液D泵入超高温瞬时灭菌机中,采用超高温瞬时加热,加热温度125~130℃,时间5~10s,冷却即得益生菌发酵果蔬口服液。
进一步地,所述益生菌产品为益生菌发酵神曲,由所述益生菌组合物对中药组合物、麦麸和面粉进行发酵而成,所述益生菌发酵神曲包括益生菌组合物5-10份、中药组合物15-25份、麦麸45-55份和面粉20-30份。所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份;所述中药组合物包括:白术1-5份、大枣1-5份、甘薯5-10份、太子参1-5份、石斛1-5份、龙眼肉1-5份、麦芽1-5份、花生5-10份、刺玫果1-5份、菱角1-5份、山楂1-5份、刺梨1-5份、西红柿1-5份、梧桐子1-5份、香橼1-5份、丁香1-5份、沙棘1-5份、佛手柑1-5份、砂仁1-5份、山药5-10份、茯苓1-5份、橘皮1-5份、罗汉果1-5份、莱菔子1-5份和南瓜子1-5份。
在制备本发明的益生菌发酵神曲时,先按照所述益生菌组合物的配方形成益生菌组合物,按照所述中药组合物的配方形成中药组合物,再取5-10份益生菌组合物、15-25份中药组合物用于制备益生菌发酵神曲。
白术性温,归脾、胃经,具有补脾、益胃、利水、止汗的功效,主治脾胃气弱、不思饮食等。大枣性温,味甘,归脾、胃经,具有补脾和胃、益气生津的功效,主治胃虚食少、脾弱便溏、气血津液不足等。甘薯性平,具有益气健脾、养阴补肾的功效,主治脾虚气弱、肾阴不足等。太子参性平,具有益气健脾、生津润肺的功效,主治病后虚弱、气阴不足等。石斛性微寒,归胃、肾经,具有生津益胃、清热养阴的功效,主治热病伤精、病后虚热等。龙眼肉性温,归心、脾经,具有益心脾的功效,主治虚劳羸弱、饮食不佳等。麦芽性平,归肺、胃经,具有消食化积的功效,主治腹满泄泻、食积不化、脘闷腹胀及脾胃虚弱、食欲不振等。花生,性平,归脾、肺经,具有润肺、和胃的功效,主治反胃、燥咳等。刺玫果性温,归胃经、脾经、肝经、膀胱经,具有健脾消食的功效,主治消化不良、脘闷腹胀、腹泻等。菱角性凉,归肠、胃经,具有健脾益胃、解毒的功效,主治胃溃疡、痢疾、食管癌等。山楂性微温,归脾、胃、肝经,具有消食健胃、行气散淤的功效,主治饮食积泄、脘腹胀痛、泄泻痢疾、便秘、食欲不佳等。刺梨,性凉,归胃、脾、肾经,具有健胃消食的功效,主治食积饱胀等。西红柿,性微寒,具有生津止渴、健胃消食的功效,主治口渴、食欲不振等。梧桐子,性平,归心、肺、胃经,具有顺气和胃、健脾消食、止血的功效,主治胃脘疼痛、伤食腹泻等。香橼,性温,归肝、肺、脾经,具有理气、舒郁、利膈的功效,主治胃痛胀满、痰饮、咳嗽、呕哕少食等。丁香,性温,归胃、脾、肾经,具有温中暖肾、降逆止呕的功效,主治呃逆不止、呕吐、反胃、胃中冷痛、冷积便秘、腹痛等。沙棘,性凉,归胃、脾、肾经,具有健胃消食、活血散瘀的功效,主治咳嗽痰多、肺脓肿、消化不良等。佛手柑性温,归肝、胃、脾、肺经,具有舒肝理气、和胃化痰的功效,主治胸闷、肝胃不和、恶心、呕吐、饮食欠佳、腹胀痛等。砂仁性温,归脾、胃经,具有行气调中、和胃醒脾的功效,主治腹痛、腹部胀气、胃口欠佳、消化不良、反胃、呕吐、呃逆不止等。山药性平,归脾、肾经,具有补脾养胃、生津益肺、补肾益精的功效,主治久泻不止、气虚便秘、消化不良、肺虚咳喘等。茯苓性平,归心、肺、脾、肾经,具有利水渗湿、健脾和胃的功效,主治小便不利、脾虚食少、泄泻等。橘皮性温,归肺、脾经,具有理气调中、降逆止呕的功效,主治脘腹胀满、饮食减少、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、咳嗽痰多等。罗汉果性凉,归肺经、脾经,具有清肺润肠的功效,主治痰火咳嗽、血燥便秘等。莱菔子性平,归肺、脾、胃经,具有消食导滞、降气的功效,主治食积气滞、脘腹胀满、腹泻等。南瓜子性平,归胃、大肠经,具有利水消肿的功效,主治绦虫、蛔虫、血吸虫、蛲虫病等。
本发明所提供的益生菌发酵神曲,具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效,益生菌发酵神曲中的中药组合物采用中药原料,采用下法、消法、补法等治疗原则以及君、臣、佐、使的用药原则,抑制人体内幽门螺旋杆菌生长、修复胃肠损伤、提高胃肠动力、提高免疫力。下法是通过泻下、荡涤、攻逐等作用,使停留于胃肠的宿食、燥屎、冷积、淤血等从下窍而出,以祛邪除病的一类治法。凡邪在肠胃而致大便不通、燥屎内结、或热结旁流,以及停痰留饮、淤血积水等形症俱实之证,均可使用。由于病情有寒热、正气有虚实,病邪有兼夹,所以下法又有寒下、温下、润下、逐水、攻补兼施之别,并与其他治法结合运用。消法是通过消食导滞、化痰利水、驱虫等方法,使气、血、痰、食、水、虫等渐积形成的有形之邪渐消缓散的一类治法。该法适用于饮食停滞、气滞血瘀、症瘕积聚、水湿内停、疳积虫积以及疮疡痈肿等病症。消法与下法虽同是治疗内蓄有形实邪的方法,但在适应病症上有所不同。下法所治病症,大抵病势急迫,形症俱实,邪在肠胃,必须速除,而且是可以从下窍而出者。消法所治,主要是病在脏腑、经络、肌肉之间,邪坚病固而来势较缓,属渐积形成,且多虚实夹杂,尤其是气血积聚而成之葭葭痞块、痰核瘰疬等。补法是通过补益人体气血阴阳,以主治各种虚弱症候的一类治法。补法的目的,在于通过药物的补益,使人体气血阴阳虚弱或脏腑之间的失调状态得到纠正,复归于平衡。补法的具体内容甚多,既有补益气、血、阴、阳的不同,又有分补五脏之侧重,但较常用的治法分类仍以补气、补血、补阴、补阳为主。在此发酵的中药组合物中,通过消法协同下法祛除胃内幽门螺旋杆菌以及胃肠道的致病菌,平衡肠道微生态,同时促进胃排空,避免食物堆积,通过补法促进胃肠黏膜修复,补中益气,提高胃肠动力,强化胃肠功能屏障。用药原则贯穿于治疗原则中,并通过治疗原则得以体现。君药组合为“太子参,麦芽,刺玫果,菱角,刺梨,西红柿,丁香,沙棘,佛手,砂仁,茯苓,橘皮,罗汉果,南瓜子”,驱虫解表,化湿和中,利水消肿,以祛除幽门螺旋杆菌为主;臣药组合为“花生,山药,甘薯,大枣”,益肾气,健脾胃,止泄痢,补脾养胃,协助君药调理肠胃,缓解胃部不适;佐药组合为“白术,山楂,梧桐子,香橼,莱菔子”,宽中顺气,消食除胀,抑制胃肠道致病菌,作为正佐药协助君药抵御幽门螺旋杆菌,并协助排出体外;使药组合为“石斛,龙眼肉”,平胃气,逐虚邪,长肌肉,开胃健脾,作为调和药调和方中诸药,强化组方抗幽护胃、消食化积的功效。本发明所提供的益生菌发酵神曲仅从中药组合物配方(不包括益生菌)上来说,已经非常具有创新性,其虽作为中药配方,但药效温和,可以达到抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。
本发明所提供的益生菌发酵神曲的制备方法包括以下步骤:
粉碎步骤:将大枣、甘薯、龙眼肉、麦芽、花生、菱角和山药置入粉碎机中,粉碎2~3min,与麦麸、面粉混合,得基料A;
榨汁步骤:将山楂、刺梨、西红柿、沙棘和佛手柑清洗,于3~4℃冷库中预冷4~5h,螺旋榨汁机处理榨汁,振动筛过滤,制备混合原汁置于3~4℃冷库中备用。将预冷之后的混合原汁泵入冷槽内、密封,开启制冷并搅拌。冷媒温度为-22~-20℃,待开始形成冰粒并慢慢成长为2~3cm左右的冰晶后低温离心,分离出冰相即得到一级浓缩混合果汁B;一级浓缩混合果汁B重复上述操作即得到二级浓缩混合果汁C;二级浓缩混合果汁C重复上述操作得到三级浓缩汁D;
煎煮浓缩步骤:将白术、太子参、石斛、梧桐子、香橼、丁香、砂仁、茯苓、莱菔子、南瓜子、罗汉果、橘皮和刺玫果加水煎煮1~2小时,滤过,滤液浓缩成清膏E;
混合步骤:将清膏E冷却至37~39℃,趁温热状态与基料A、三级浓缩汁D、益生菌粉搅拌混合均匀,调成软材,搓成一条直径2~3cm的圆条,切成块,得基料F;
发酵步骤:将基料F置于30-37℃经2~3天发酵,得基料G;
干燥步骤:将基料G平铺于托盘,在-31~-30℃恒温冰箱中预冻24~26h,然后放入真空冷冻干燥机中干燥,冷阱温度为-81~-80℃,真空度9~10Mpa以下,真空冷冻48~50h,得益生菌发酵神曲。
本发明所提供的益生菌组合物(罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌)的应用范围非常广,活菌在体内定殖可以抑制幽门螺旋杆菌的生长,同时还能产生丰富的营养物质,修复胃黏膜损伤。活菌在体外发酵果蔬汁,可以提高其维生素C、维生素U、异硫氰酸酯等功效因子的浓度。活菌在体外发酵神曲,可以提高其多糖、醇溶性浸出物的浓度。因此,本发明所提供的益生菌组合物在活菌状态、灭活状态或其后生元对人体在抗幽护胃、消食化积方面均有显著效果。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明所提供的益生菌组合物,包括罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌中的一种或任意组合,这些菌的活菌在体内定殖可以抑制幽门螺旋杆菌的生长,同时还能产生丰富的营养物质,修复胃黏膜损伤,本发明的益生菌组合物在活菌状态、灭活状态或其后生元在抑制幽门螺旋杆菌、修护胃损伤、促进食物消化吸收等具有显著效果。
(2)本发明所提供的益生菌组合物应用范围广泛,可以应用于益生菌产品中,包括粉剂、片剂、口服液、发酵神曲等产品上,发挥抗幽护胃和消食化积功效。
生物材料保藏信息:
罗伊氏乳杆菌K07,保藏编号为CGMCC No.15703,分类命名为:罗伊氏乳杆菌Lactobacillus reuteri,已于2018年04月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,邮政编码:100101),保藏单位的缩写为CGMCC。
植物乳杆菌LP-100,保藏编号为GDMCC No.61545,分类命名为:植物乳杆菌Lactobacillusplantarum,已于2021年03月03日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心(地址:广州市先烈中路100号大院59号楼5楼,广东省微生物研究所,邮政编码:510070),保藏单位的缩写为GDMCC。
青春双歧杆菌Y54,保藏编号为CGMCC No.15709,分类命名为:青春双歧杆菌Bifidobacterium adolescentis,已于2018年04月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,邮政编码:100101),保藏单位的缩写为CGMCC。
嗜酸乳杆菌K43,保藏编号为CGMCC No.15705,分类命名为:嗜酸乳杆菌Lactobacillus acidophilus,已于2018年04月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心(地址:北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号,中国科学院微生物研究所,邮政编码:100101),保藏单位的缩写为CGMCC。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
实施例1
抗幽护胃和消食化积的益生菌筛选实验。申请人在研发过程中,在众多的益生菌中进行了筛选,最终才发现了本发明的益生菌组合,考察的益生菌包括但不限于:乳双歧杆菌Y6、两歧双歧杆菌Y22、嗜酸乳杆菌K43、嗜酸乳杆菌DDS-1、长双歧杆菌W68、植物乳杆菌LP-100、植物乳杆菌FEED8、罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC、鼠李糖乳杆菌YGG、青春双歧杆菌Y54、青春双歧杆菌BA02和戊糖片球菌LN-PT16。在上述菌株中,罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC、青春双歧杆菌BA02和嗜酸乳杆菌DDS-1为商业菌,可以市面上购买获得;其余菌株均为申请人广东益可维生物技术有限公司保藏的菌株。
测定的指标包括:对幽门螺旋杆菌抑制率和尿素酶活性情况。具体的实验过程和实验结果如下所述。
乳酸菌发酵上清液和菌悬液的制备:将乳酸菌:乳双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、罗伊氏乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌分别接于MRS液体培养基中,在37℃静置培养24h后取出,8000r/min,15min,4℃离心,分别收集上清液和沉淀。上清液采用0.22μm的滤器除菌,菌体沉淀用无菌PBS洗涤两次并重悬,使活菌数达到108CFU/mL。
幽门螺旋杆菌菌悬液的制备:取100μL幽门螺旋杆菌涂布于哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基中,微需氧环境(7%氧气、10%二氧化碳、83%氮气),37℃中培养72~96h,挑取纯化培养三代后的单菌落接入幽门螺旋杆菌液体培养基中培养。液体培养后的混合液于8000r/min,15min,4℃条件下离心,分别收集上清液和菌体沉淀,菌体沉淀用干净的幽门螺旋杆菌液体培养基洗涤两次并重悬,使活菌数达到107CFU/mL。
乳酸菌对幽门螺旋杆菌抑制率的测定:采用琼脂扩散法来测量菌株对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑制活性,本试验以浓度为0.05mg/mL的甲硝唑溶液为阳性对照,MRS液体培养基作为空白对照。取100μL幽门螺旋杆菌的菌悬液均匀涂布于不含抗生素的哥伦比亚血琼脂平板上,每孔加入待测液体100μL(待测液体分别为乳酸菌发酵上清液、乳酸菌菌悬液、阳性对照和空白对照)。将接好发酵液的平板置于37℃、微需氧环境下培养72~96h,培养结束后,用游标卡尺测量抑菌圈直径,结果如表1所示。
乳酸菌对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑制率计算公式如下:
式中:Rx表示乳酸菌对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑菌圈直径,cm;Ry表示阳性对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑菌圈直径,cm。
尿素酶活性的测定:采用比色法测定样品的尿素酶活性,取40μL幽门螺旋杆菌分别与10μL乳酸菌的发酵上清液或菌悬液混匀,以10μL的无菌幽门螺旋杆菌液体培养基为对照。混合液加入至干净无菌的96孔板中,37℃微需氧环境培养48h。将培养好的混合液体取出,每个孔内加入150μL的尿素酶试剂(0.9%NaCl,20mmol/L尿素,14μg/mL苯酚红,用HCl调至pH为6.8),测定其OD550的数值,结果如表1所示。
表1乳酸菌对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑制率和尿素酶活力
注:当菌株为混合菌株时,将相应菌株按照配比混合成100μL(测定对幽门螺旋杆菌抑制率)或10μL(测定尿素酶活性)。
从由表1可知,多数菌株及菌株组合的菌悬液对于幽门螺旋杆菌的抑制率高于上清液,其中,罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC、罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43上清液对幽门螺旋杆菌抑制率较高。所有菌株菌悬液对尿素酶的抑制率均优于发酵上清液,且罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC、罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43的菌悬液对尿素酶的抑制效果较好。
比较嗜酸乳杆菌K43和嗜酸乳杆菌DDS-1之间的结果,植物乳杆菌LP-100和植物乳杆菌FEED8之间的结果,罗伊氏乳杆菌K07和罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC之间的结果,以及青春双歧杆菌Y54和青春双歧杆菌BA02之间的结果,可以发现同种不同株的益生菌对幽门螺旋杆菌的抑制率和尿素酶活力的影响率是不同的,这说明了菌株差异性。
从不同菌株的组合实验结果可得,当以罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43进行组合时,对幽门螺旋杆菌抑制率和尿素酶活性抑制效果较好,罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43的用量比例可以为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5,最佳配比为4:2:2:2。
虽然罗伊氏乳杆菌K07和罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC的实验结果差别不大,但是从组合20和组合22的结果可得,当将罗伊氏乳杆菌K07替换为罗伊氏乳杆菌LRC后,测试结果发生了很大变化,这说明了“罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43”这个组合是较优的。
在罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43的用量比例为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5的范围内,设置5个组合(见表2),以验证本发明的益生菌组合物具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效。
表2益生菌组合
实施例2
应用场景1:益生菌粉剂产品的抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效验证
配制益生菌粉剂产品:
1、将罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43按照表2中的配方分别进行称样,混合,制成5个复合益生菌粉组合。
2、将28份抗性糊精放进烘箱,于60℃干燥30min,得干燥品A;
3、将干燥品A、18份低聚果糖、18份低聚木糖、12份水苏糖、12份低聚半乳糖、12份低聚异麦芽糖依次投入混料罐中,混合转速频率40Hz,混合时间10min,得基料B;
4、将基料B过80目筛网,得基料C;
5、将相应的复合益生菌粉与基料C投入混料罐中,设置混合转速频率40Hz,混合时间5min,得益生菌粉剂产品。
空白样品配制:
6、除不加复合益生菌粉外,其余步骤按照步骤2~5的操作进行,得空白样。
阳性样品配制:
7、取吗丁啉片30mg研成粉末加入150mL水,制成阳性对照1;将健胃消食片2g研成粉末加150mL水,制成阳性对照2。
胃肠功能动物模型实验
通过胃肠功能动物模型实验,测定小鼠胃肠排空时间,结果如表3。
益生菌固体饮料水溶液制备:取益生菌固体饮料(益生菌粉剂产品)2g,加水25mL水溶解,备用。
对正常小鼠肠胃功能的测定
取健康SPF级KM小鼠94只,体重约20~22g,其中4只不做处理,剩余90只按体重、性别随机分为9组,每组10只。分别为空白组、正常对照组、吗丁啉组、健胃消食片组、组合1、组合2、组合3、组合4、组合5。动物常规饲养3天后,其中正常对照组给予生理盐水,其余几组给予相应的制剂,连续灌胃7天。
实验前禁食不禁水10小时,末次给药后0.5小时后各组给予0.05%的碳末0.3mL/只,20min后分别颈椎脱臼法处死,立即取贲门至直肠末端胃肠,自幽门括约肌处取胃,将其放入8mL生理盐水溶液中切碎搅匀,室温下静置1h,3000r/min离心15min,上清液在546nm处测吸光度(A值)为胃内碳末的残留量,并另外取4只小鼠给予碳末混悬液后立即处死,取胃,测其吸光度为碳末的基准吸光度。胃排空率%=(1-A胃内碳末/A基准碳末)×100%。取出小肠分离肠系膜,剪取幽门至回盲肠部的肠管,置于托盘上,轻轻将小肠拉成直线,测量碳末前进的距离以及小肠全长。
小肠推进率%=碳末前进的距离/小肠的全长×100%。
表3肠推进率、胃排空率结果(%)
组别 | 剂量(g/kg) | 肠推进率/% | 胃排空率/% |
空白组 | 0.1 | 68.16±2.36 | 65.68±1.11 |
正常对照组 | - | 60.74±4.31 | 61.73±6.54 |
吗丁啉组 | 0.006 | 84.70±3.96 | 86.43±4.34 |
健胃消食片组 | 0.1 | 91.58±1.79 | 86.64±3.16 |
组合1 | 0.1 | 80.61±1.88 | 82.90±2.57 |
组合2 | 0.1 | 89.32±4.12 | 88.44±2.68 |
组合3 | 0.1 | 82.12±1.89 | 80.60±3.73 |
组合4 | 0.1 | 82.11±1.60 | 83.58±1.98 |
组合5 | 0.1 | 84.38±3.17 | 82.32±1.23 |
感染幽门螺旋杆菌动物模型实验
通过感染幽门螺旋杆菌动物模型实验,测定小鼠幽门螺旋杆菌根除率,结果如表4。
实验材料:
选择C57小鼠作为实验动物,均为雄性,6~8周,体重约18~22g。
益生菌固体饮料水溶液制备:取益生菌固体饮料(益生菌粉剂产品)2g,加25mL水溶解,备用。
幽门螺旋杆菌SS1(ATCC公司):RIPA蛋白裂解液和BCA试剂盒;酶联免疫吸附试剂盒。
Hp培养及菌液制备方法:将SS1幽门螺旋杆菌在含有8%脱纤维羊血清的哥伦比亚血琼脂培养基中复苏,在15%CO2、5%O2、80%NO2的微需氧环境下培养48~72h,阳性菌落扩增培养,经快速尿素酶鉴定后用布氏肉汤收集SS1幽门螺旋杆菌并调节密度至109CFU/mL,备用。
动物分组及造模方法:实验动物随机分为对照组、模型组、空白组、组合1、组合2、组合3、组合4、组合5。模型组、空白组、组合1、组合2、组合3、组合4、组合5均按下列方法建立幽门螺旋杆菌感染的动物模型:禁食24h后给予5%碳酸氢钠溶液灌胃,30min后给予含有109CFU/mL SS1幽门螺旋杆菌的菌液0.2mL灌胃,连续灌胃4次、每次间隔48h。对照组每次给予等剂量生理盐水灌胃。
制剂干预方法:空白组、组合1、组合2、组合3、组合4、组合5分别使用对应的益生菌固体饮料水溶液进行干预,用的固体饮料溶液浓度为0.08g/mL,0.5mL/次,1次/天,连续8天。模型组用0.5mL的生理盐水灌胃。
幽门螺旋杆菌根除评估方法:干预8天后,处死5只小鼠,取胃组织并沿胃大弯剪开,DEPC水冲洗胃内容物后取一半胃黏膜组织,分别进行快速尿素酶(RUT)试验和W-S染色,RUT试验和W-S染色均为阴性的样本为幽门螺旋杆菌阴性,判定幽门螺旋杆菌根除。
表4幽门螺旋杆菌根除率(%)
对照组 | 模型组 | 空白组 | 组合1 | 组合2 | 组合3 | 组合4 | 组合5 |
- | 0 | 4 | 20 | 55 | 35 | 40 | 42 |
由表3和表4中的结果可得,本发明实施例所提供的益生菌组合物(包括益生菌组合1-5)在肠推进率、胃排空率、幽门螺旋杆菌根除方面均有比较好的效果,这说明了本发明所提供的益生菌组合物具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。并且,组合2的益生菌固体饮料在肠推进率、胃排空率、幽门螺旋杆菌根除率等方面的数值最高,因此选择组合2作为益生菌固体饮料的功能菌种,即在益生菌粉剂产品中,益生菌的较佳组合为罗伊氏乳杆菌K07:植物乳杆菌LP-100:青春双歧杆菌Y54:嗜酸乳杆菌K43=4~5:2~3:2~3:2~3,最佳为4:2:2:2。
实施例3
应用场景2:益生菌片剂产品的抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效验证
益生菌片剂产品的配制:
1、将罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43按照表2的配方分别进行称样,混合,制成5种复合益生菌粉。
2、将83份抗性糊精、3份水苏糖、3份低聚半乳糖、2份低聚异麦芽糖混合均匀,得基料A,调节干法制粒机的液轧轮压力为2MPa、转速9r/min,将基料A加入到干法制粒机中,经破碎机构破碎成小颗粒后,过60目筛网整粒,得基料B;
3、将基料B、3份低聚果糖、3份低聚木糖、复合益生菌粉投入混料罐中,设置混合转速频率40Hz,混合时间5min,得基料C;
4、将基料C投入压片机的料斗后,在50N的压力下直压,得益生菌片。
空白样品配制:
5、除不加益生菌外,其余步骤按照步骤2~4的操作进行,得空白样。
通过胃肠功能动物模型实验,测定小鼠胃肠排空时间,测定方法和测定过程与实施例2中的胃肠功能动物模型实验相同,结果如表5。
通过感染幽门螺旋杆菌动物模型实验,测定小鼠幽门螺旋杆菌根除率,测定方法和测定过程与实施例2中的感染幽门螺旋杆菌动物模型实验相同,结果如表6。
表5肠推进率、胃排空率结果(%)
组别 | 剂量(g/kg) | 肠推进率/% | 胃排空率/% |
空白组 | 0.1 | 68.87±2.42 | 65.11±1.56 |
正常对照组 | - | 60.16±3.56 | 61.89±5.77 |
吗丁啉组 | 0.006 | 84.32±3.16 | 86.33±2.65 |
健胃消食片组 | 0.1 | 91.13±2.71 | 86.43±1.26 |
组合1 | 0.1 | 69.04±1.57 | 69.14±3.44 |
组合2 | 0.1 | 74.56±3.73 | 73.36±1.89 |
组合3 | 0.1 | 69.87±2.69 | 69.99±1.78 |
组合4 | 0.1 | 69.25±5.57 | 69.14±4.31 |
组合5 | 0.1 | 70.27±4.52 | 70.43±2.67 |
表6幽门螺旋杆菌根除率(%)
由表5和表6可得,本发明实施例所提供的益生菌组合物(包括益生菌组合1-5)在肠推进率、胃排空率、幽门螺旋杆菌根除方面均有比较好的效果,这说明了本发明所提供的益生菌组合物具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的效果。并且,组合2的益生菌固体饮料在肠推进率、胃排空率、幽门螺旋杆菌根除率等方面的数值最高,因此选择组合2作为益生菌固体饮料的功能菌种,即在益生菌片剂产品中,益生菌的较佳组合为罗伊氏乳杆菌K07:植物乳杆菌LP-100:青春双歧杆菌Y54:嗜酸乳杆菌K43=4~5:2~3:2~3:2~3,最佳为4:2:2:2。
实施例4
应用场景3:益生菌发酵果蔬口服液的抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效验证
益生菌发酵果蔬口服液的制备:
1、将罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43按照表2中的配方分别进行称样,混合,制成5种复合益生菌粉。
2、将所述果蔬组合物(甘蓝12份、白菜12份、莴苣3份、苜蓿2份、西蓝花12份、芥蓝3份、西洋菜3份、橄榄8份、蔓越莓12份、柑橘13份、桑葚12份、沙棘果13份)破碎之后输入旋转罐中,旋转罐转动方式正反交替,每次旋转5min,转速5r/min,间隔25min,发酵温度26~28℃,发酵时间为30h,得果蔬基料A;
3、将果蔬基料A经淋汁取得自流汁,再加入0.001%偏重亚硫酸钾,得果蔬基料B;
4、将果蔬基料B放进高速离心机中,转速10000r/min,时间5min,过滤即得果蔬基料C;
5、将相应的复合益生菌用生理盐水进行溶解,制成发酵种子液;
6、将果蔬基料C转入发酵罐内,加入发酵种子液,控制品温在38℃,进行密闭发酵24h,得果蔬发酵液A;
7、将果蔬发酵液A放进高速离心机中,转速10000r/min,时间5min,过滤即得果蔬发酵液B;
8、将果蔬发酵液B转入发酵罐内,加入发酵种子液,控制品温在38℃,进行密闭发酵24h,进行菌种二次发酵,得果蔬发酵液C;
9、将果蔬发酵液C放进高速离心机中,转速10000r/min,时间5min,过滤即得果蔬发酵液D;
10、将果蔬发酵液D泵入超高温瞬时灭菌机中,采用超高温瞬时加热,加热温度130℃,时间5~10s,冷却即得益生菌发酵果蔬口服液。
空白样品制备:
11、除不加益生菌外,其余步骤按照步骤2~10的操作进行,得空白样。
根据中华人民共和国国家标准GB 14754—2010对果蔬发酵液中的维生素C进行含量检测,结果见表7。
表7果蔬发酵液中维生素C含量(g/100mL)
空白 | 组合1 | 组合2 | 组合3 | 组合4 | 组合5 |
0.0456 | 0.0659 | 0.0501 | 0.0778 | 0.0813 | 0.1326 |
采用稳定同位素稀释分析与液相色谱-质谱联用的方法对果蔬发酵液中的维生素U进行含量检测,结果见表8。
表8果蔬发酵液中维生素U含量(mg/100g)
采用紫外分光光度法对果蔬发酵液中的异硫氰酸酯进行含量检测,结果如表9。
表9果蔬发酵液中异硫氰酸酯含量(%)
空白 | 组合1 | 组合2 | 组合3 | 组合4 | 组合5 |
0.3589 | 0.3753 | 0.3712 | 0.3844 | 0.4061 | 0.4596 |
维生素C具有抗自由基、抗氧化等功能,有益于提高机体免疫力,增强胃肠道的免疫屏障。维生素U是一种功能性亲水分子,有益于胃溃疡的愈合和预防。异硫氰酸酯是硫苷的酶解产物,具有广泛的抗癌活性。由表7、表8和表9中的结果可得,果蔬组合物经过本发明实施例所提供的益生菌组合发酵后,维生素C、维生素U和异硫氰酸酯均有比较大的提升。其中,益生菌组合5的果蔬发酵液在维生素C、维生素U、异硫氰酸酯等方面的含量最高。因此选择组合5作为果蔬发酵液的最佳发酵菌种,即在果蔬口服液中,益生菌的较佳组合为罗伊氏乳杆菌K07:植物乳杆菌LP-100:青春双歧杆菌Y54:嗜酸乳杆菌K43=2~3:2~3:2~3:4~5,最佳为2:2:2:4。
实施例5
应用场景4:益生菌发酵神曲的抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效验证
益生菌发酵神曲的制备:
1、将罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43按照表2的配方分别进行称样,混合,制成5种复合复合益生菌粉。
2、将大枣3份、甘薯8份、龙眼肉3份、麦芽2份、花生7份、菱角3份、山药8份置入粉碎机中,粉碎2min,与麦麸、面粉混合,得基料A;
3、将山楂3份、刺梨3份、西红柿3份、沙棘3份、佛手柑3份清洗,于4℃冷库中预冷4h,螺旋榨汁机处理榨汁,振动筛过滤,制备混合原汁置于4℃冷库中备用。将预冷之后的混合原汁泵入冷槽内、密封,开启制冷并搅拌。冷媒温度为-21℃,待开始形成冰粒并慢慢成长为2cm左右的冰晶后低温离心,分离出冰相即得到一级浓缩混合果汁B;一级浓缩混合果汁B重复上述操作即得到二级浓缩混合果汁C;二级浓缩混合果汁C重复上述操作得到三级浓缩汁D;
4、将白术2份、太子参3份、石斛3份、梧桐子3份、香橼3份、丁香3份、砂仁3份、茯苓3份、莱菔子3份、南瓜子3份、罗汉果2份、橘皮3份、刺玫果3份加水煎煮1小时,滤过,滤液浓缩成清膏E;
5、将清膏E冷却至37℃,趁温热状态与基料A、三级浓缩汁D、复合益生菌粉搅拌混合均匀,调成软材,搓成一条直径3cm的圆条,切成块,得基料F;
6、将基料F置于30-37℃经2-3天发酵,得基料G;
7、将基料G平铺于托盘,在-30℃恒温冰箱中预冻24h,然后放入真空冷冻干燥机中干燥,冷阱温度为-80℃,真空度10Mpa以下,真空冷冻48h,得益生菌发酵神曲。
空白样品制备:
8、除不加益生菌外,其余步骤按照步骤2~7的操作进行,得空白样。
可溶性多糖含量测定
采用可溶性多糖含量测定方法对益生菌发酵神曲的可溶性多糖进行含量检测,结果如表10。
可溶性多糖的提取:称取益生菌发酵神曲粉末0.1g于研钵中,研磨后,加入少量蒸馏水,转入刻度试管中,再加蒸馏水5~10mL,封口,于沸水中煮30min,取出冷却后过滤,滤液滤入25mL量瓶中,将残渣回收入试管,加入蒸馏水5~10mL再煮沸提取10min,滤入量瓶中,定容至刻度,即为可溶性多糖提取液。
标准曲线的绘制:取6支25mL刻度试管,编号,依次加入100mg·L-1蔗糖标准溶液0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1mL,按顺序加入蒸馏水定容至2mL,混匀后加入蒽酮-乙酸乙酯试剂0.5mL和浓H2SO45 mL,充分振荡,立即将其放入沸水浴中加热,保温1min,取出后冷却至室温,以1号试管为空白对照,在波长630nm处比色,以吸光度为纵坐标,蔗糖质量为横坐标,绘制标准曲线。
含量测定:吸取可溶性多糖提取液0.08mL,加入到25mL刻度试管中,加入蒸馏水定容至2mL,混匀后加入蒽酮-乙酸乙酯试剂0.5mL和浓H2SO45mL,充分振荡,立即将其放入沸水浴中加热,保温1min,取出后冷却至室温,在630nm处比色测定。
表10益生菌发酵神曲中可溶性多糖含量(%)
空白 | 组合1 | 组合2 | 组合3 | 组合4 | 组合5 |
10.85 | 16.22 | 20.47 | 15.95 | 19.16 | 16.08 |
按照《中国药典》第四部(2015年版)通则2201醇溶性浸出物测定方法中的冷浸法,用75%的乙醇做溶剂,结果如表11。
表11益生菌发酵神曲中醇溶性浸出物含量(%)
空白 | 组合1 | 组合2 | 组合3 | 组合4 | 组合5 |
21.11 | 25.94 | 29.99 | 23.67 | 27.26 | 25.42 |
醇溶性浸出物主要包括生物碱、挥发油、有机酸等成分。其中,生物碱是一类含有碱性氮原子的杂环化合物,具有结构丰富和生物活性多样性等方面的特点,是中草药中重要的功效成分,能预防胃肠道病变,修复由幽门螺旋杆菌引起的胃肠损伤;挥发油基本组成为脂肪族、芳香族和萜类化合物等,能抑制幽门螺旋杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌其他致病菌的生长繁殖;有机酸主要包括酒石酸、苹果酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、柠檬酸等,能健胃消食、促进食物中营养成分的分解,有利于人体吸收。
可溶性多糖是一类主要由葡萄糖、甘露糖、果糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖以及半乳糖等组成的聚合度大于10且具有一定生理功能的多聚糖,不仅具有刺激网状内皮系统的吞噬功能,刺激或恢复T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞,增强淋巴细胞的转化作用,从而提高胃肠道的细胞免疫作用;而且还可作为干扰素等细胞因子的诱导剂,诱导抗体产生,从而增强胃肠道的体液免疫作用。
由表10和表11,本发明实施例所提供的益生菌组合对发酵神曲的可溶性多糖含量和醇溶性浸出物含量均有不同幅度的提升。且组合2的益生菌发酵神曲在可溶性多糖和醇溶性浸出物等方面的含量最高,因此选择组合2作为益生菌发酵神曲的发酵菌种,即益生菌的较佳组合为罗伊氏乳杆菌K07:植物乳杆菌LP-100:青春双歧杆菌Y54:嗜酸乳杆菌K43=4~5:2~3:2~3:2~3,最佳为4:2:2:2。
实施例6
人群功效验证
招募32名志愿者,其中男16例,女16例,年龄范围22~60岁。
纳入标准:全部志愿者均满足幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)阳性、慢性萎缩性胃炎、脾胃虚弱证诊断标准。患者对此次研究知情同意,签订研究意向书,研究经过医学伦理委员会审核。
排除标准:患者存在精神障碍;患者不配合研究;患者存在其他严重性胃肠道疾病;患者为妊娠期或哺乳期孕产妇;患者存在明显药物过敏史。
将志愿者分成4组,每组8人,记为A、B、C、D组,安排志愿者分别食用本发明实施例的抗幽护胃、消食化积的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液(采用组合5的益生菌组合)、益生菌发酵神曲(采用组合2的益生菌组合)、益生菌粉(采用组合2的益生菌组合)、益生菌片(采用组合2的益生菌组合),并记录转阴时间和胃肠舒适程度,肠胃舒适程度的评价指标如表12,结果如表13和表14,表格中,分数越高,评价越好。
食用方法:1)益生菌发酵果蔬口服液食用方法:饭后半小时食用,每日2次,每次50mL,将口服液倒入口中直接食用;2)益生菌发酵神曲食用方法:饭后半小时食用,每日2次,每次5g,将神曲捣碎,用37℃、150mL温水搅匀食用;3)益生菌粉食用方法:饭后半小时食用,每日2次,每次2g,将益生菌粉加到37℃、150mL温水中搅匀食用;4)益生菌片食用方法:饭后半小时食用,每日2次,每次2g,将益生菌片用37℃、150mL温水直接吞服。
表12胃肠舒适标准分数
很不适 | 有轻微不适 | 无明显改善 | 有改善 | 非常舒适 |
0-2 | 3-4 | 5-6 | 7-8 | 9-10 |
表13人群转阴时间/天
A-口服液 | B-发酵神曲 | C-益生菌粉 | D-益生菌片 |
7 | 10 | 8 | 13 |
表14胃肠舒适程度
A-口服液 | B-发酵神曲 | C-益生菌粉 | D-益生菌片 |
9 | 8 | 10 | 8 |
由表13可以得出,益生菌发酵果蔬口服液的转阴时间最短,益生菌片的转阴时间最长,但是这四款产品的转阴时间均低于市售产品的转阴时间,经过调查研究发现,市售产品的转阴时间一般为3周以上。
由表14可以得出,食用益生菌粉之后,胃肠道的舒适程度分值最高,神曲和片剂舒适程度最低,但是最高分与最低分的分值差距较小,且均有改善效果。也就是说,志愿者对本发明实施例的益生菌发酵果蔬口服液、益生菌发酵神曲、益生菌粉和益生菌片的接受程度均较高。
在本发明实施例中,益生菌发酵果蔬口服液为灭活型后生元,益生菌发酵神曲为活菌发酵型,粉剂和片剂均为活菌型。因此,综合表13和表14可以判定,本发明实施例所提供的抗幽护胃、消食化积的益生菌组合物在不同的应用场景均有显著性效果。
本发明实施例所提供的益生菌组合物(罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43)具有抗幽护胃和消食化积的功效,且不受产品形式影响。本发明的益生菌组合定殖于肠道产生抗幽门螺旋杆菌的活性物质:维生素C、维生素U、异硫氰酸酯、多糖等,进而消除胃部的幽门螺旋杆菌,此外,益生菌定殖于肠道后还可产生蛋白质、多糖、维生素等多种功能性营养物质,加速修复胃肠损伤,增强胃肠动力。同时,本发明的益生菌组合定殖于肠道后还可增加肠道有益菌的种类和数量,平衡肠道微生态,从根本上避免食物在胃肠内堆积,解决消化不良的病症,同时药效温和、高效且不反弹。本发明利用罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43对果蔬或中药进行发酵,所得的发酵物具有抗幽护胃、消食化积的功效,同时所得的发酵物在活菌状态或无菌状态时均有显著效果。本发明利用罗伊氏乳杆菌K07、植物乳杆菌LP-100、青春双歧杆菌Y54和嗜酸乳杆菌K43制成粉剂、片剂以及其他剂型等均有抗幽护胃和消食化积的显著效果。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种益生菌组合物,其特征在于,所述益生菌组合物包括重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~5罗伊氏乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、青春双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌;所述益生菌组合物用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。
2.如权利要求1所述的益生菌组合物,其特征在于,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15703的罗伊氏乳杆菌K07,所述植物乳杆菌为保藏编号为GDMCC No.61545的植物乳杆菌LP-100,所述青春双歧杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15709的青春双歧杆菌Y54,所述嗜酸乳杆菌为保藏编号为CGMCC No.15705的嗜酸乳杆菌K43。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的益生菌组合物,其特征在于,所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物或灭活型组合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的益生菌组合物,其特征在于,当所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物时,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌、所述植物乳杆菌、所述青春双歧杆菌和所述嗜酸乳杆菌的重量比为2~5:2~4:2~4:2~4,优选地为4:2:2:2;
当所述益生菌组合物为灭活型组合物时,所述罗伊氏乳杆菌、所述植物乳杆菌、所述青春双歧杆菌和所述嗜酸乳杆菌的重量比为2~4:2~4:2~4:2~5,优选地为2:2:2:4。
5.如权利要求1所述的益生菌组合物,其特征在于,当所述益生菌组合物为活菌型组合物时,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份;
当所述益生菌组合物为灭活型组合物时,所述益生菌组合物罗伊氏乳杆菌15-25份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌35-45份。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的益生菌组合物在制备抗幽护胃产品和/或消食化积产品中的应用。
7.一种益生菌产品,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-5任一项所述的益生菌组合物以及辅料,所述益生菌产品用于抗幽护胃和/或消食化积。
8.如权利要求7所述的益生菌产品,其特征在于,所述益生菌产品还包括膳食纤维和/或益生元;所述益生菌产品为益生菌粉剂产品或益生菌片剂产品。
9.如权利要求7所述的益生菌产品,其特征在于,所述益生菌产品为益生菌发酵果蔬口服液,由所述益生菌组合物对果蔬组合物进行发酵而成,所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌15-25份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌35-45份;所述果蔬组合物包括:甘蓝10-15份、白菜10-15份、莴苣1-5份、苜蓿1-5份、西蓝花10-15份、芥蓝1-5份、西洋菜1-5份、橄榄5-10份、蔓越莓10-15份、柑橘10-15份、桑葚10-15份和沙棘果10-15份。
10.如权利要求7所述的益生菌产品,其特征在于,所述益生菌产品为益生菌发酵神曲,由所述益生菌组合物对中药组合物、麦麸和面粉进行发酵而成,所述益生菌发酵神曲包括益生菌组合物5-10份、中药组合物15-25份、麦麸45-55份和面粉20-30份;所述益生菌组合物包括罗伊氏乳杆菌35-45份、植物乳杆菌15-25份、青春双歧杆菌15-25份和嗜酸乳杆菌15-25份;所述中药组合物包括:白术1-5份、大枣1-5份、甘薯5-10份、太子参1-5份、石斛1-5份、龙眼肉1-5份、麦芽1-5份、花生5-10份、刺玫果1-5份、菱角1-5份、山楂1-5份、刺梨1-5份、西红柿1-5份、梧桐子1-5份、香橼1-5份、丁香1-5份、沙棘1-5份、佛手柑1-5份、砂仁1-5份、山药5-10份、茯苓1-5份、橘皮1-5份、罗汉果1-5份、莱菔子1-5份和南瓜子1-5份。
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