WO2014023086A2 - 用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头的方法及实施该方法用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头装置 - Google Patents

用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头的方法及实施该方法用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014023086A2
WO2014023086A2 PCT/CN2013/001199 CN2013001199W WO2014023086A2 WO 2014023086 A2 WO2014023086 A2 WO 2014023086A2 CN 2013001199 W CN2013001199 W CN 2013001199W WO 2014023086 A2 WO2014023086 A2 WO 2014023086A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impact
guide
rolling friction
groove
guiding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/001199
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2014023086A3 (zh
Inventor
刘素华
Original Assignee
Liu Suhua
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Suhua filed Critical Liu Suhua
Priority to AU2013302126A priority Critical patent/AU2013302126B2/en
Priority to EA201590337A priority patent/EA035742B9/ru
Priority to AP2015008300A priority patent/AP2015008300A0/xx
Publication of WO2014023086A2 publication Critical patent/WO2014023086A2/zh
Publication of WO2014023086A3 publication Critical patent/WO2014023086A3/zh

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00Drill bits
    • E21B10/36Percussion drill bits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/10Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down
    • E21C27/14Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down breaking-down effected by force or pressure applied to side of slit, e.g. by wedges
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C31/00Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C31/02Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for cutting or breaking-down devices

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of machinery, and is particularly suitable for a method for increasing and/or widening a righting impact head in a field of mining or engineering machinery, and implementing the method for increasing the height of the back groove and/or widening the righting head Device.
  • Shearers, roadheaders, excavators are collectively referred to as mining machines, reciprocating impact mining machines, and reciprocating impact excavators.
  • the guide rolling elements are all provided, because the upper and lower rolling bodies need to occupy a large space, so the size of the impact guiding member supporting the righting impact head is relatively reduced, resulting in insufficient strength of the supporting and supporting impact head, so that the impact power box drives the impact tooth to impact the material up and down.
  • the tooth has a large torque, and the uneven force is easy to cause the impact head to generate a lateral force, and the upper and lower guiding rolling elements are disposed on the outer side of the impact guiding member to increase the height and/or the width of the impact guiding mechanism, and the multi-layer impact is set.
  • the higher guiding mechanism of the head must make the upper and lower impact heads higher and larger, and the higher impact head must increase the impact resistance, especially because the impact head such as the shearer must be larger than the height and width of the power box. If the impact head impacts more than the height and width of the power box and the total height of the mining is greater than the total height of the fuselage, The power box and the fuselage pass through to achieve continuous coal mining.
  • the reciprocating impact mining machine must increase the impact head in order to match other equipment.
  • the reciprocating impact shearer must have a certain amount of mining undercover in order to match the flexible scraper conveyor for reloading.
  • the impact head In order to facilitate the smooth advancement of the hydraulic support, there must be sufficient cutting amount. Therefore, the impact head must be set. There is a certain height, that is, the impact head must be made larger and heavier, but the larger and heavier impact head impacts the material when the material contact area is large, so that the reaction force is concentrated and powerful, and the impact reaction force is transmitted to the guiding mechanism.
  • the present invention proposes a method for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head for the back groove and for increasing and/or widening the back groove by implementing the method.
  • the righting impact head device which greatly reduces the height and/or width of a single impact head, achieving a single impact Extraction of material and a plurality of smaller lower impact head assembly using the same power source, energy consumption efficiency purposes.
  • the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
  • the device for increasing and/or widening the right and right impact head includes a back slot guiding mechanism, an impact supporting mechanism, a driving mechanism, an impact head, etc., and the impact head includes a tooth holder, etc.
  • Back slot guide mechanism package
  • rolling friction to back groove structure includes upper rolling friction groove, lower rolling friction groove, etc., upper rolling friction groove, lower rolling friction groove including guiding rolling body
  • the impact guide member includes an upper impact guide member and a lower impact guide member.
  • the upper impact guide member and the lower impact guide member are respectively fixed at the two ends of the same tooth holder.
  • the upper portion of the upper portion of the impact guide member is not provided with a guide rolling body, and the lower impact guide is provided.
  • the lower part of the lower part is not provided with a guiding rolling body, the upper impact guiding member is fastened in the upper rolling friction groove, and the lower impact guiding member is fastened in the lower rolling friction groove to form a pair of back groove guiding mechanism, and the impact supporting mechanism supports the rolling friction pair
  • the driving mechanism includes a power impacting member, the power impacting member is connected with the tooth holder or connected with the impact guiding member, and the power impacting member drives the rolling guide and the tooth holder to perform rolling friction reciprocating motion, and the rolling friction to the back groove structure Supporting the impact guide rolling friction reciprocating motion, the space occupied by the external guiding rolling body is placed on the impact guide, the impact guide
  • the orientation increases the height and/or width of the impact head, and the direction of reciprocation of the back friction structure to the back groove structure and the impact guide.
  • the present invention also includes the following method for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head with respect to the back groove, specifically:
  • the upper rolling friction groove and the lower rolling friction groove are disposed, and the bottom of the groove of the upper rolling friction groove and the bottom of the lower rolling friction groove are back-to-back arranged as a rolling friction to the back groove structure, and the upper impact guide is disposed at Rolling up the concave surface of the friction groove, placing the lower impact guide on the concave surface of the lower rolling friction groove, fixing the lower impact guide to the lower end of the tooth holder, and fixing the upper impact guide to the upper end of the tooth holder, rolling upward
  • the friction groove and the lower rolling friction groove are disposed in the u-shaped guide frame formed by the tooth base and the upper impact guide member, the lower impact guide member, or the frame guide frame or the cylindrical guide frame, and the tooth holder will be the upper impact guide member.
  • the lower impact guiding member is correspondingly fastened on the upper rolling friction groove and the lower rolling friction groove, so that the power impacting member drives the toothed seat or the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member to reciprocate, the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact
  • the guiding member realizes rolling friction reciprocating motion by the upper rolling friction groove and the lower rolling friction groove, and the upper rolling friction groove is tightly engaged with the upper impact guiding member to prevent the upper impact guiding
  • the left and right swinging, the lower rolling friction groove and the lower impact guiding member are tightly engaged to prevent the lower impact guiding member from swinging left and right.
  • the upper impact guiding member moves upward, the lower impact guiding member is tightened by the tooth holder and the lower rolling friction groove.
  • the impact guiding member controls the upper impact guiding member to not move upward.
  • the upper impact guiding member is controlled by the upper rolling friction groove, and the impact guiding member does not move downward, and no rolling is set on the upper portion of the upper impact guiding member.
  • the body and/or the lower portion of the lower impact guide are not provided with a rolling body, the space occupied by the upper rolling body and/or the lower rolling body is provided with an impact guiding member, etc., and the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member are respectively disposed on the tooth holder. End, relatively increase the distance between the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, increase the height of the adapter and/or widen the strength of the right, reduce the height and/or width of the lower base, etc. Impact resistance caused by wide or too high. '.
  • the upper rolling friction groove and the lower rolling friction groove are in the form of right and left grooves and/or upper and lower grooves, and the impact guide is controlled.
  • Method 4 Make a larger impact head smaller or break a larger impact head into multiple smaller impact heads, making a smaller impact head or multiple smaller impact heads with high frequency impact
  • the impact strength is strengthened, and each impact head is a rolling friction reciprocating impact, so that a plurality of smaller impact head rolling frictions are interlaced against rock or coal seam or cement concrete or slab mudstone to realize instantaneous concentrated utilization of power.
  • Multiple impact head staggered impacts are less prone to resonance, and reduce impact resistance and discriminating power to improve efficiency.
  • the rolling friction pair back groove structure is set as a waist drum rolling friction against the back groove structure, a groove is arranged on the waist drum, and the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are correspondingly arranged to be engaged with the waist drum
  • the protrusion or the arc forms the upper groove of the upper waist drum and the lower groove of the lower waist drum to form a rolling friction of the waist drum to the back groove structure.
  • Method 6 The rolling drum friction rolling pair back groove structure is disposed inside the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member, so that the waist drum wheel controls the impact direction of the impact guiding member through the groove, so that the impact supporting mechanism supports the waist drum through the bearing or the like.
  • the impact reaction force of the impact head is applied to the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, so that the lumbar drum supports the righting impact head, and the lumbar drum transmits the supporting force and the impact reaction force to the bearing, etc., and the bearing carries the impact reaction force and the supporting force. Etc., greatly improving the service life of the back slot guiding mechanism.
  • Method 7 arranging the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide so that one end of the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are respectively disposed at
  • the upper end and the lower end of the same tooth holder are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide respectively, so that the tooth holder, the upper impact guide, the power impact member and the lower impact guide are respectively guided.
  • Forming a frame-shaped guide frame' The rolling friction-to-back groove structure is arranged in the frame-shaped guide frame, so that the impact guide member, the lower impact guide member and the rolling friction against the back groove structure are closely engaged and supported, and the impact direction of the tooth holder is supported.
  • the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are increased in height and/or width of the tooth holder or the like.
  • the upper rolling friction groove includes an upper arc type rolling friction groove or the like
  • the lower rolling friction groove includes a lower arc type rolling friction groove or the like.
  • the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove are disposed in the U-shaped guide frame formed by the tooth base and the upper impact guide member, the lower impact guide member, or the frame type guide frame or the cylindrical guide frame, etc.
  • the tooth holder is correspondingly engaged with the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide on the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove, and the power impact piece drives the tooth base or the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide reciprocates.
  • the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide realize rolling friction reciprocating motion under the support of the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove, and the upper arc type rolling friction groove is tightly engaged with the upper impact guide to prevent the upper impact
  • the guide member swings left and right, and the lower arc type rolling friction groove is tightly engaged with the lower impact guide member to prevent the lower impact guide member from swinging left and right.
  • the upper impact guide member moves upward, the lower impact guide member passes through the tooth holder and the lower arc type rolling friction groove.
  • the impact guide member is tightened, the impact guide member does not move upward.
  • the lower impact guide member moves downward, the upper impact guide member passes the upper arc type rolling friction groove or the like. The guide member does not impact the system down activity.
  • the rolling element for reducing the upper portion of the upper impact guide and the rolling element for reducing the lower portion of the lower impact guide lower the height of the back groove guiding mechanism, thereby reducing the height of the tooth holder, and reducing the number of rolling elements used by the back groove guiding mechanism , a larger impact head is made smaller or a single tooth holder with equal impact cut height is divided into a plurality of tooth holders, and a single layer impact head of the same impact cutting height is changed into a combination of multiple impact heads, combination
  • Each small impact head of the type impact head uses the same power source, so that each impact head has a smaller impact area, a large impact force, and a small impact resistance.
  • Each impact head is a rolling friction reciprocating impact, and multiple Small impact head rolling friction reciprocating impact rock or coal seam or cement concrete or slab mudstone, etc., to achieve instantaneous concentrated use of power, multiple impact head staggered impact is not easy to generate resonance, and reduce impact resistance and discriminating force.
  • the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove are in the form of right and left groove and/or up and down groove, and the left and right movements of the impact guide are controlled, and/or the upper and lower movements are controlled.
  • the arc-shaped rolling friction groove includes a waist drum, etc., and a groove is arranged on the waist drum, and a protrusion or an arc corresponding to the waist drum is correspondingly arranged on the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, and the upper drum
  • the upper groove of the wheel and the lower groove of the lower waist drum form a rolling friction of the waist drum against the back groove structure.
  • the rolling drum rolling friction of the waist drum is disposed inside the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, the waist drum controls the impact direction of the impact guide through the groove, and the impact support mechanism supports the impact of the impact drum through the bearing.
  • the reaction force is applied to the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide.
  • the waist drum supports the righting impact head, and the waist drum transmits the supporting force and the impact reaction force to the bearing, and the bearing carries the impact reaction force and the supporting force, thereby greatly improving the guiding of the back groove. Institutional performance and longevity.
  • One ends of the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are respectively disposed at upper and lower ends of the same tooth holder, and the other ends of the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the same power impact member.
  • the seat, the upper impact guide, the power impact member and the lower impact guide form a frame type guide frame, and the rolling friction to the back groove structure is arranged in the frame type guide frame, the upper impact guide member, the lower impact guide member and the rolling friction pair back groove
  • the structure closely supports and supports the impact direction of the tooth holder, and the upper impact guide member and the lower impact guide member increase the height and/or the width of the tooth holder, thereby lowering the height of the driving mechanism and reducing the driving of the impact guide member.
  • the damage of the mechanism is small, and the impact guide, the lower impact guide and the power impactor are separated or separated or integrated.
  • the U-shaped guide frame includes a left impact guide and a right impact guide
  • the guide rolling body includes a left guide rolling body, a right guide rolling body, and the like, and the guide rolling body is disposed on the left impact guide and the right impact guide.
  • the left guiding rolling body and the right guiding rolling body are respectively engaged with the left impact guide and the right impact guide.
  • the impact head includes a tooth holder, an impact tooth, and the like.
  • the tooth holder is disposed at one end or both ends of the impact guide member.
  • the tooth holder is connected to the impact tooth separately or integrated, and the tooth holder is connected to the impact guide member separately or One-piece.
  • the rolling friction-to-back groove structure includes two or more waist drums, and two or more waist drums are disposed on the upper impact guide, the lower impact guide, and/or disposed on the left impact guide, Inside the right impact guide, the upper and lower and/or left and right waist drums correct the impact direction of the impact guide.
  • the guiding rolling body comprises a roller or the like, the impact guiding member supports the roller, the roller comprises a roller shaft or the like, and the roller shaft is directly disposed in the impact guiding member or disposed in the impact guiding member through the bearing or disposed in the impact guiding member through the sleeve Etc., the outer diameter of the roller is larger than the outer diameter of the impact guide, and the impact guide provided with the roller and the impact support mechanism roll friction.
  • the impact support mechanism includes a power box or the like, and the head of the impact guide protrudes outside the power box, and a seal is disposed between the impact guide and the power box, and the friction expansion section of the impact guide is cylindrical or the like.
  • the crank link When the crank link is disposed between the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are telescoped to the power box to form a cylindrical shape, and the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are in the power box.
  • the inner reciprocating section is arranged in a square or semi-circular shape or a crescent shape or a triangular shape or a different shape, etc., which reduces the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide, saves space for placing the connecting rod crankshaft, and reduces the height of the back slot guiding mechanism and / or width, etc., correspondingly reduce the height and / or width of the impact head, etc., to reduce the impact resistance.
  • the specification sets the crank link at the rear of the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide to reduce the space occupied by the crank link, so that only the rolling friction to the back groove structure is placed between the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, and the guide is lowered.
  • the height and volume of the mechanism reduce the height of the impact head, reduce the impact area, and reduce the reaction force of the impact.
  • the opposite groove guiding mechanism comprises more than one u-shaped guide frame and/or frame-shaped guide frame or cylindrical guide frame, etc., the upper impact guide of the upper u-shaped guide frame and the upper impact guide of the lower u-shaped guide frame
  • the piece is close to the setting 'reducing the height of the combination of the upper u-shaped guide frame and the lower u-shaped guide frame, and reducing the impact resistance formed by the excessive distance between the upper u-shaped guide frame and the lower u-shaped guide frame.
  • the guiding rolling body comprises a roller or the like, the roller comprises an outer wheel and a roller shaft, and the outer wheel and the roller shaft are connected separately or in an integrated structure.
  • the guide rolling body comprises a roller or the like, the roller comprises an outer wheel and a roller shaft, and a bearing or a bearing bush is disposed between the outer wheel and the roller shaft, and the bearing or the bearing bush is disposed at two ends or a middle portion of the roller shaft.
  • the power impacting member is provided with a tamper-proof mechanism at a joint with the tooth holder or the impact guide.
  • the anti-screening mechanism includes a joint bearing, a steering joint, a ball joint universal joint, a cross universal joint, a ball buckle groove type or a curved buckle groove type.
  • the drive mechanism includes a crank drive mechanism or a hydraulic drive mechanism or a pneumatic drive mechanism.
  • the reciprocating stroke of the impact guide member is linear in the telescopic portion of the power box, the concave guide portion is concave near the main drive shaft, and the main drive shaft is concave through the impact guide member.
  • the segment engages with the auxiliary drive shaft the main drive shaft drives the auxiliary drive shaft to rotate, the auxiliary drive shaft drives the link to reciprocate, the link drives the impact head to reciprocate, and the main drive shaft and the auxiliary drive shaft are connected separately or in one piece.
  • the back groove guiding mechanism of the invention uses the upper rolling friction groove to be tightly engaged with the upper impact guiding member to prevent the upper impact guiding member from swinging to the left and right, so that the lower rolling friction groove and the lower impact guiding member are tightly engaged to prevent the lower impact.
  • the guiding member swings left and right.
  • the upper impact guiding member moves upward, the lower impact guiding member is pulled by the tooth holder and the lower rolling friction groove.
  • the upper impact guiding member controls the upper impact guiding member to not move upward, and the lower impact guiding member moves downward.
  • the impact guide When the upper impact guide is controlled by the upper rolling friction groove, the impact guide does not move downward, the rolling body is not disposed on the upper portion of the upper impact guide and/or the rolling body is not disposed at the lower portion of the lower impact guide, and the upper rolling body is And/or the space occupied by the lower rolling body is provided with an impact guiding member, and the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member are respectively disposed at two ends of the tooth holder, and the distance between the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member is relatively increased, The strength of the tooth holder is increased and/or widened, and the height and/or width of the lower base is relatively lower than the height of the lower guide mechanism. Adapters or too wide due to the impact caused by excessive resistance, the impact on the guide member guiding the impact
  • the instruction piece can be placed at the maximum distance on both sides of the tooth holder, so that the torque of the support tooth holder is increased, the lateral force of the tooth holder is increased, and the service life of the impact head, the guiding mechanism and the driving mechanism is improved.
  • the rolling element that removes the upper part of the upper impact guide and the rolling element that removes the lower part of the lower impact guide reduce the height of the back groove guiding mechanism, thereby reducing the height of the tooth holder, and reducing the use of the rolling element by using the back groove guiding mechanism.
  • Quantity 'Make a larger impact head smaller or change a single tooth holder with equal impact cut height to multiple holders' Change the single-layer impact head of the same impact cut height to a combination of multiple impact heads The same impact source is used for each small impact head of the combined impact head, so that each impact head of each small impact head is reduced, the impact force is large, and the impact resistance is small, so that a plurality of smaller impact heads are rolled and reciprocated.
  • Interlaced impact rock or coal seam or cement concrete or silt rock, etc. to achieve instantaneous concentrated use of power, so that multiple impact heads staggered impact is not easy to generate resonance, and greatly reduce the impact resistance and discriminating power, reducing energy consumption, Improve the security of the device.
  • Rolling friction roller to the back groove is disposed inside the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, so that the waist drum controls the impact direction of the impact guide through the groove, so that the impact support mechanism supports the waist drum through the bearing, so that the impact head
  • the impact reaction force is applied to the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, so that the lumbar drum supports the righting impact head, and the lumbar drum transmits the supporting force and the impact reaction force to the bearing, and the bearing carries the impact reaction force and the supporting force, which greatly reduces
  • the wear of the back slot guiding mechanism greatly improves the service life of the back slot guiding mechanism.
  • the tooth holder, the upper impact guide member, the power impact member, the lower impact guide member form a frame-shaped guide frame, and the rolling friction-to-back groove structure is arranged in the frame-shaped guide frame, so that the upper impact guide member and the lower impact guide member
  • the rolling friction is closely engaged with the back groove structure to support and correct the impact direction of the impact head, so that the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide increase the height and/or the width of the tooth holder, further reducing the height of the impact head.
  • the impact support mechanism comprises a power box, the head of the impact guide protrudes outside the power box, and a seal is arranged between the impact guide and the power box, and the friction expansion section of the impact guide is cylindrical, which is beneficial to The sealed and cylindrical structure is strong and resistant to wear.
  • crank link When the crank link is disposed between the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide, the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are telescoped to the power box to form a cylindrical shape, and the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide are
  • the reciprocating section in the power box is arranged in a square or semi-circular or crescent-shaped or triangular or different shape, which reduces the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide, and saves space for placing the connecting rod crankshaft, further reducing the guiding mechanism of the back slot. Height and / or width, correspondingly further reduced
  • the height and / or width of the impact head reduces impact resistance.
  • the crank connecting rod is disposed at the rear of the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member to reduce the space occupied by the crank connecting rod, so that only the rolling friction to the back groove structure is placed between the upper impact guiding member and the lower impact guiding member, thereby reducing
  • the height and volume of the guiding mechanism can make the height of the impact head less than 400mm, and use a small impact head to dig low-thick materials. Use a combination of multiple smaller impact heads to extract high-thickness materials to make rolling friction against the back groove.
  • the guiding mechanism increases the reinforcement of the impact head, and at the same time, it is beneficial to combine multiple low-level impact heads to use the same power source, and crack the rock or concrete or slab rock by high-frequency impact, so that the reciprocating impact mining machine can be truly efficient. Quickly cut rocks, crack concrete and other functions.
  • the lower impact guide of the upper U-shaped guide frame is disposed close to the upper impact guide of the U-shaped guide frame below, and the height of the upper u-shaped guide frame and the lower u-shaped guide frame is reduced, and the upper U-shaped is reduced.
  • the impact resistance formed by the guide frame and the lower U-shaped guide frame being too large.
  • the anti-clamping mechanism is arranged at the joint of the power impacting member and the toothed seat or the impact guiding member.
  • the anti-discrimination mechanism effectively protects the power impacting member and avoids damage to the dynamic impacting member by the impact reaction force.
  • the reciprocating stroke of the impact guide member is linear in the telescopic portion of the power box, the concave guide portion is concave near the main drive shaft, and the main drive shaft passes through the concave portion of the impact guide member.
  • the main drive shaft drives the auxiliary drive shaft to rotate, the auxiliary drive shaft drives the link to reciprocate, and the link drives the impact head to reciprocate impact.
  • the upper impact guide and the lower impact guide realize rolling friction reciprocating motion through the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove, and the upper arc type rolling friction groove is tightly engaged with the upper impact guide to prevent the upper impact guide from being left and right.
  • the swaying, lower arc type rolling friction groove is tightly engaged with the lower impact guiding member to prevent the lower impact guiding member from swinging left and right.
  • the upper arc type rolling friction groove and the lower arc type rolling friction groove make the impact guiding member work under rolling friction state and pass
  • the rolling friction structure controls the impact guide to swing side to side, greatly reducing the frictional resistance of the impact head during reciprocating impact, and improving the impact efficiency.
  • the guiding rolling body is set as a waist drum, a groove or a protrusion is arranged on the waist drum, and a protrusion or a groove corresponding to the waist drum is correspondingly arranged on the impact guiding member, and the waist drum is disposed on the impact guiding member.
  • the box or the bracket supports the waist drum, so that the waist drum controls the impact direction of the impact guide through the groove or the protrusion, and the contact area between the surface of the waist drum and the surface of the impact guide does not cause local wear.
  • the impact guide member is a U-shaped power impact member, and the guide roller is disposed inside the U-shaped power impact member. The guide roller supports the reciprocating impact of the U-shaped power impact member, and increases the connection width between the open end of the U-shaped power impact member and the tooth holder. And / or height.
  • Bearings or bushings are placed at the two ends of the roller shaft, which increases the bearing capacity of the roller shaft. It is suitable for equipment with large impact force, high impact frequency and large impact reaction force.
  • the roller body and the roller shaft are integrated and have high structural strength.
  • the anti-discrimination mechanism is arranged at the connection between the driving mechanism and the impact head, and the anti-discrimination mechanism effectively prevents damage of the connecting rod and the impact driving mechanism by the impact reaction force, and buffers the impact vibration of the impact box.
  • Rolling friction on the back groove structure greatly enhances the anti-distraction force of each tooth holder, and its anti-screening strength is increased by more than 2 times, and the flexibility of combining different heights of mining machines is greatly improved.
  • Rolling friction to back groove structure The volume and height of a single impact head are greatly reduced, so that the impact head is suitable for mining materials of different heights. By reducing the impact resistance and increasing the impact strength, the mining machine can extract the functions of materials of different hardness and different materials, and break through the mining machine.
  • the limitations of mining rock have expanded the scope of mining machines.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the apparatus for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head in the first embodiment
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic structural view of an impact head in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of the upper concave type rolling friction groove and the lower concave type rolling friction groove in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a roller in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the power source arrangement of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a groove arrangement in Embodiment 6;
  • FIG 11 is a schematic structural view of a waist drum of Embodiment 6;
  • Figure 12 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 7;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view showing the arrangement of the driving mechanism in Embodiment 7;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a waist drum of Embodiment 7.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic structural view of a roller in Embodiment 7.
  • Figure 16 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 8; 17 is a front view of Embodiment 9;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of another embodiment of the impact head of Embodiment 9;
  • Figure 19 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 10.
  • Figure 20 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 11;
  • Figure 21 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 12.
  • Figure 22 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 13;
  • Figure 23 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 14.
  • Figure 24 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 15;
  • Figure 25 is a front elevational view of Embodiment 16.
  • FIG. 4 are a method for increasing and/or widening a righting impact head in a first embodiment, and a method for implementing the method for increasing and/or widening a righting impact head device, the use of the back
  • the groove heightening and/or widening of the righting impact head device includes a back groove guiding mechanism 37, an impact supporting mechanism 12, a driving mechanism 9, an impact head 3, etc.
  • the impact head 3 includes a tooth holder 4 and the like
  • the back groove guiding mechanism 37 includes a rolling
  • the friction-to-back groove structure 10 the impact guide 7 and the like
  • the rolling friction-to-back groove structure 10 includes an upper rolling friction groove 22, a lower rolling friction groove 22, and the like
  • the upper rolling friction groove 22 and the lower rolling friction groove 22 include The guide roller 6 and the like
  • the impact guide 7 includes an upper impact guide 5, a lower impact guide 2, and the like.
  • the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are respectively fixed at two ends of the same tooth holder 4, and the upper impact guide 5
  • the upper outer portion is not provided with the guiding rolling body 6, and the lower outer portion of the lower impact guiding member 2 is not provided with the guiding rolling body 6,
  • the upper impact guiding member 5 is fastened in the upper rolling friction groove 22, and the lower impact guiding member 2 is engaged with the lower rolling friction In the groove 22, the composition is opposite
  • support mechanism 12 supports an impact rolling friction of the back slot structure 10
  • the drive mechanism 9 comprises a power impact element 8 or the like
  • dynamic impact member 8 is connected with the tooth base 4
  • the specification is connected or connected to the impact guide 7, the dynamic impact member 8 drives the impact guide 7 and/or the tooth holder 4 to roll friction reciprocating motion.
  • Rolling friction against the back groove structure 10 supports the impact guide 7 rolling friction reciprocating motion, external guiding rolling
  • the space occupied by the body 6 places the impact guiding member 7, and the impact guiding member 7 enlarges the righting height and/or width of the impact head 3.
  • the rolling friction against the back groove structure 10 and the impact guiding member 7 retorts the direction of reciprocation of the tooth holder 4.
  • the upper rolling friction groove 22 includes an upper arc type rolling friction groove 13 or the like, and the lower rolling friction groove 22 includes a lower arc type rolling friction groove 14 and the like.
  • the drive mechanism 9 includes a crank drive mechanism 9, and the drive mechanism 9 may also be a hydraulic drive mechanism 9 or a pneumatic drive mechanism 9 or the like.
  • the invention also includes the following methods:
  • Method 1 Set the upper rolling friction groove 22, the lower rolling friction groove 22, and the like, and set the bottom of the groove 22 of the upper rolling friction groove 22 and the groove 22 of the lower rolling friction groove 22 back to back to form a rolling friction back
  • the tooth holder 4 correspondingly engages the upper impact guide member 5, the lower impact guide member 2 and the like in the upper rolling friction groove 22, Rolling friction groove 22 or the like, causing the power impacting member 8 to drive the toothed seat 4 or the upper impact guiding member 5, the lower impact guiding member 2 and the like to reciprocate, and the upper impact guiding member 5 and the lower impact guiding member 2 pass the upper rolling friction groove.
  • the lower rolling friction concave The groove 22 and the like realize the rolling friction reciprocating motion, and the upper rolling friction groove 22 is tightly engaged with the upper impact guide 5 to prevent the upper impact guide 5 from swinging left and right, and the lower rolling friction groove 22 is tightly engaged with the lower impact guide 2 to prevent the lower The impact guide 2 swings to the left and right.
  • the upper impact guide 5 moves upward, the lower impact guide 2 is tensioned by the tooth holder 4 and the lower rolling friction groove 22, etc., and the upper impact guide 5 is controlled to not move upward.
  • the upper impact guide 5 controls the lower impact guide 2 to move downward by the upper rolling friction groove 22 or the like, and the rolling body 16 is not disposed on the upper portion of the upper impact guide 5 and/or The rolling body 16 is not disposed at the lower portion of the lower impact guide 2, the impact guide member 7 is disposed in the space occupied by the upper rolling body 16 and/or the lower rolling body 16, and the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2, and the like are respectively disposed on the teeth.
  • the two ends of the seat 4 relatively increase the distance between the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2, increase the height of the tooth holder 4 and/or widen the strength of the righting, and relatively reduce the strength of the base 4 And / or width, to reduce the impact resistance due to the tooth holder 4 caused by excessive or too wide.
  • the impact head 3 uses the same power source 18 or the like, so that each impact head 3 has a reduced impact area, a large impact force, and a small impact resistance, so that each impact head 3 is a rolling friction reciprocating impact, so that a plurality of The smaller impact head 19 rolling friction reciprocating impact rock or coal seam or cement concrete or slab mudstone, realizing the instantaneous concentrated use of power, making multiple impact heads 3 staggered impact is not easy to generate resonance, and reducing impact resistance and screening force.
  • the upper rolling friction groove 22 and the lower rolling friction groove 22 are in the form of right and left grooves and/or upper and lower grooves, and the impact guide 7 is controlled to swing left and right and/or up and down.
  • the rolling friction pair back groove structure 10 is provided as a rolling drum 21 rolling friction pair back groove structure 10, etc., and a groove 22 or the like is provided on the waist drum 21, and correspondingly disposed on the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2
  • the protrusion 20 or the arc or the like of the waist drum 21 is engaged, and the upper groove 22 of the upper waist drum 21 and the lower groove 22 of the lower waist drum 21 and the like form the waist drum 21 to rub against the back groove structure 10.
  • Rolling friction of the waist drum 21 to the back groove structure 10 is disposed inside the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2, so that the waist drum 21 controls the impact direction of the impact guide 7 through the groove 22, so that the impact support mechanism 12 passes the bearing.
  • 23 supporting the waist drum 21 and the like the impact reaction force of the impact head 3 is applied to the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2, so that the waist drum 21 supports the righting impact head 3, and the waist drum 21 will support the force and the impact reaction force.
  • the bearing 23 carries the impact reaction force and the supporting force, which greatly improves the service life of the back groove guiding mechanism 37.
  • the upper impact guide member 5, the lower impact guide member 2, and the like are provided, and one end of the upper impact guide member 5, the lower impact guide member 2, and the like is provided.
  • the instructions are respectively disposed at the upper end and the lower end of the same tooth holder 4, so that the other ends of the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the same power impacting member 8, so that the tooth holder 4 and the upper impact guide are respectively guided.
  • the fifth impactor member 8 and the lower impact guide member 2 form a frame type guide frame 38.
  • the frame type guide frame 38 is provided with a rolling friction pair back groove structure 10, so that the upper impact guide member 5 and the lower impact guide member 2 are rolled.
  • the friction against the back groove structure 10 closely supports and supports the impact direction of the tooth holder 4, so that the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 increase the righting height and/or width of the tooth holder 4.
  • Embodiment 5 is a device for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to Embodiment 2, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that the upper arc type rolling friction groove 13 and the lower arc type rolling friction groove 14 are disposed on the teeth.
  • the seat 4 is formed in the U-shaped guide frame 15 formed by the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2, or in the frame guide frame 38 or the cylindrical guide frame, and the tooth holder 4 will be the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2
  • the power impacting member 8 drives the toothed seat 4 or the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2 and the like to reciprocate, and the upper impact guide
  • the lower impact guide member 2 and the like realize rolling friction reciprocating motion under the support of the upper arc type rolling friction groove 13 and the lower arc type rolling friction groove 14, and the upper arc type rolling friction groove 13 and the upper impact guide 5 are tightly buckled.
  • the upper impact guide 5 is prevented from swinging to the left and right, and the lower arc type rolling friction groove 14 is tightly engaged with the lower impact guide 2 to prevent the lower impact guide 2 from swinging to the left and right.
  • the upper impact guide 5 moves upward, the lower impact guide 2 through the tooth holder 4 and The arc-shaped rolling friction groove 14 and the like are tightened.
  • the upper impact guide 5 controls the upper impact guide 5 to not move upward.
  • the upper impact guide 5 is controlled by the upper arc-shaped rolling friction groove 13 and the like. The impact guide 2 does not move downward.
  • FIG. 6 to FIG. 7 are the apparatus for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to the third embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the rolling element 16 on the upper portion of the upper impact guide 5 is reduced and the lower impact is reduced.
  • the rolling elements 16 and the like in the lower portion of the guide member 2 lower the height of the back groove guiding mechanism 37, thereby lowering the height of the tooth holder 4 and the like, and reducing the number of use of the rolling elements 16 and the like by using the back groove guiding mechanism 37, which causes a large impact.
  • the head 3 is made smaller or the single tooth holder 4 having the same impact cut height is divided into a plurality of tooth holders 4, and the single-layer impact head 3 of the same impact cutting height is changed into a combination of the multilayer impact heads 3, etc.
  • Each of the small impact heads 3 of the impact head 17 uses the same power source 18 or the like to reduce the impact area of each of the small impact heads 3, the impact force is large, and the impact resistance is small, and each impact head 3 is rolling friction reciprocating.
  • the impact guide 7 is controlled to swing left and right and/or up and down.
  • Embodiment 9 is a device for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to Embodiment 5, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that a larger impact head 3 is made smaller or a larger impact head. 3 is decomposed into a plurality of smaller impact heads 19, a smaller impact head 19 or a plurality of smaller impact heads 19 with high frequency impact, and a plurality of smaller impact heads 19 rolling friction staggered impact rock, coal seam, cement Condensate, slab mudstone, etc., to achieve instantaneous concentrated use of power, multiple impact head 3 staggered impact is not easy to generate resonance, and reduce impact resistance and discrimination, improve efficiency.
  • the arc type rolling friction groove includes a waist drum 21 and the like, and the waist drum 21 is provided.
  • the groove 22 and the like are provided, and the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2, and the like are correspondingly provided with a protrusion 20 or an arc or the like which is engaged with the waist drum 21, and the upper groove 22 and the lower surface of the upper waist drum 21
  • the lower groove 22 of the waist drum 21 forms a rolling friction against the back groove structure 10 of the waist drum 21.
  • the rolling drum 21 is provided with a rolling friction pair back groove disposed inside the upper impact guiding member 5 and the lower impact guiding member 2, and the waist drum 21 controls the impact direction of the impact guiding member 7 through the groove 22, and the impact supporting mechanism 12 passes through the bearing 23.
  • the supporting impact rock force of the impact head 3 is applied to the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2, etc.
  • the lumbar drum 21 supports the righting impact head 3, etc.
  • the lumbar drum 21 transmits the supporting force and the impact reaction force.
  • the bearing 23 carries the impact reaction force and the supporting force, and the performance and life of the back groove guiding mechanism 37 are greatly improved.
  • Embodiment 12 to 15 are the apparatus for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to Embodiment 7, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: one end of the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are respectively disposed. At the upper end, the lower end, and the like of the same tooth holder 4, the other ends of the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are respectively connected to the upper end, the lower end, and the like of the same power impacting member 8, the tooth holder 4, the upper impact guide 5, and the power
  • the impact member 8 and the lower impact guide 2 form a frame type guide frame 38, etc., in the frame type guide ⁇ /P
  • a rolling friction-to-back groove structure 10 or the like is disposed in the frame 38, and the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2 and the rolling friction are closely engaged with the back groove structure 10 and the right tooth holder is supported.
  • the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 increase the height and/or width of the tooth center 4, relatively lower the height of the drive mechanism 9, etc., and reduce the impact of the impact guide 7 on the drive mechanism 9.
  • the upper impact guide member 5 and the lower impact guide member 2 are connected to the power impact member 8 in a separate or separate manner or integrated.
  • the rolling friction-to-back groove structure 10 includes two or more waist drums 21 and the like, two or more waist drums 21 and the like are disposed on the upper impact guide 5, the lower impact guide 2, and/or Provided inside the left impact guide 27, the right impact guide 30, and the like, the upper and lower and/or left and right waist drums 21 correct the impact direction of the impact guide 7.
  • the guide rolling body 6 includes a roller 24 or the like, the impact guide 7 supports the roller 24 and the like, and the roller 24 includes a roller shaft 25 and the like.
  • the roller shaft 25 is directly disposed in the impact guide 7 or disposed on the impact guide 7 through the bearing 23.
  • the inner diameter of the roller 24 is larger than the outer diameter of the impact guide 7 by the sleeve or the outer diameter of the roller 24, and the impact guide 7 provided with the roller 24 is frictionally rubbed with the impact support mechanism 12.
  • the guide rolling body 6 comprises a roller 24 or the like, the roller 24 comprises an outer wheel 26 and a roller shaft 25, etc., and the outer wheel 26 and the roller shaft 25 are connected separately or in a unitary structure.
  • Figure 16 is a view showing the use of the right-groove raising and/or widening righting impact head device according to the eighth embodiment, which differs from the first embodiment in that: the U-shaped guide frame 15 includes a left impact guide 27 and a right impact guide.
  • the guide rolling element 6 includes a left guide rolling body 28, a right guide rolling body 29, and the like, and the guide rolling body 6 is disposed inside the left impact guide 27 and the right impact guide 30, and the left guide rolling body 28.
  • the right guide rolling elements 29 are respectively engaged with the left impact guide 27, the right impact guide 30, and the like.
  • the impact head 3 includes a tooth holder 4, an impact tooth 31, and the like.
  • the toothed seat 4 is disposed at one end or both ends of the impact guiding member 7.
  • the toothed seat 4 is connected to the impacting tooth 31 separately or in an integrated manner, and the toothed seat 4 is connected to the impact guiding member 7 separately or in an integrated manner.
  • ⁇ VJ" - Fig. 19 is a device for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to the tenth embodiment, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the impact supporting mechanism 12 includes a power box 33, etc.
  • the head of the guiding member 7 protrudes from the outside of the power box 33, and a sealing member 32 or the like is disposed between the impact guiding member ⁇ and the power box 33.
  • the friction stretching section of the impact guiding member 7 is cylindrical or the like.
  • Embodiment 20 is a device for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to Embodiment 11, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that a crank link 35 is provided between the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2.
  • the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are stretched and contracted to the power box 33 to form a cylindrical shape or the like, and the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2 are arranged in a square shape in the reciprocating section of the power box 33. Or a semicircular or crescent shape 36 or a triangle or a different shape, etc.
  • Figure 21 is a view showing a device for increasing and/or widening a righting impact head according to Embodiment 12, which differs from Embodiment 1 in that a crank link 35 or the like is provided on the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide. 2, the space occupied by the crank link 35 is reduced, so that only the rolling friction against the back groove structure 10 is placed between the upper impact guide 5 and the lower impact guide 2, the height and volume of the guiding mechanism are lowered, and the impact head 3 is lowered. The height, the impact area is reduced, and the reaction force of the impact is reduced. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Figure 22 is a view showing the use of a pair of back groove raising and/or widening righting impact head device according to Embodiment 13, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that the opposite groove guiding mechanism 37 includes one or more U-shaped guide frames 15 And/or a frame-shaped guide frame or a cylindrical guide frame or the like, the lower impact guide member 2 of the upper U-shaped guide frame 15 is disposed close to the upper impact guide member 5 of the lower U-shaped guide frame 15, and the upper U-shaped guide frame 15 is reduced.
  • the combined height of the lower U-shaped guide frame 15 reduces the impact resistance caused by the excessive distance between the upper U-shaped guide frame 15 and the lower U-shaped guide frame 15.
  • FIG. 23 is a device for increasing and/or widening a righting impact head according to Embodiment 14, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the guide rolling body 6 includes a roller 24 and the like, and the roller 24 includes an outer wheel. 26 and roller shaft 25, etc., outer wheel 26 and roller . . +, ⁇ ⁇ A bearing 23 or a bearing bush or the like is disposed between the shafts 25, and the bearing 23 or the bearing bush is disposed at both ends or the middle portion of the roller shaft 25.
  • the bearing 23 or the bearing bush or the like is disposed at both ends of the roller shaft 25.
  • Figure 24 is a view showing the use of the right-groove raising and/or widening righting impact head device according to the fifteenth embodiment, which differs from the first embodiment in that the power impacting member 8 is provided at the junction with the tooth holder 4 or the impact guiding member 7 Screening agency 39, etc.
  • the anti-screening mechanism 39 includes a joint bearing 23, a steering joint, a ball joint universal joint, a cross universal joint, a ball buckle groove type or a curved buckle groove type.
  • Embodiment 25 is a device for increasing and/or widening the righting impact head according to Embodiment 16, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: when the impact head 3 is disposed in two layers, the impact guide 7 reciprocates by reciprocating stroke.
  • the power box 33 is partially circular, the impact guide 7 is concavely 41 near the main drive shaft 40, and the main drive shaft 40 is engaged with the auxiliary drive shaft through the concave guide 41 of the impact guide 7.
  • the main drive shaft 40 The auxiliary drive shaft or the like rotates, the auxiliary drive shaft drives the reciprocating impact of the connecting rod, and the like, and the connecting rod drives the reciprocating impact of the impact head 3, and the main drive shaft 40 and the auxiliary drive shaft are connected separately or in an integrated manner.

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Abstract

说明书摘要本发明属于机械领域,尤其适用于采掘领域或工程机械领域的一种用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头的方法及实施该方法用对背槽增高和/或加宽扶正冲击头装置,包括对背槽导向机构、冲击支撑机构、驱动机构、冲击头等,对背槽导向机构包括滚动摩擦对背槽结构、冲击导向件等,滚动摩擦对背槽结构包括上滚动摩擦凹槽、下滚动摩擦凹槽,动力冲击件驱动冲击导向件等往复运动,外部导向滚动体所占空间放置冲击导向件,冲击导向件加大对冲击头的扶正高度等,滚动摩擦对背槽结构、冲击导向件扶正齿座的往复运动方向

Description

说 明 书 - 用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法及实施该方法用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头
技术领域
本发明属于机械领域, 尤其适用于采掘领域或工程机械领域的一种用对背槽增高和 /或 加宽扶正冲击头的方法及实施该方法用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置。
背景技术
采煤机、 掘进机、 挖掘机统称为采掘机, 往复冲击式采掘机、 往复冲击式挖掘机为了能 快速高效采掘岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩等, 在冲击导向件的上下部位均设置导向 滚动体,因上下滚动体需要占据较大空间,故冲击导向件支撑扶正冲击头的尺寸相对减小, 造 成支撑扶正冲击头力度不足,使冲击动力箱带动冲击齿冲击物料时上下冲击齿掰别力矩较大, 受力不均易使冲击头产生侧向力, 且将上下导向滚动体设置在冲击导向件的外侧增加了冲击 导向机构的高度和 /或宽度, 在设置多层冲击头时较高的导向机构必须使上下冲击头均做得较 高较大, 较高较大的冲击头必定增加冲击阻力, 特别因采煤机等冲击头必须大于动力箱的高 度及宽度, 在冲击头冲击出大于动力箱的高度及宽度后并且采掘总高度大于机身总高度的情 况下, 才能使动力箱及机身通过, 实现连续采煤, 同时, 往复冲击式采掘机为了与其它设备 配套必须增大冲击头。 例如, 往复冲击式采煤机为了与转载用可弯曲刮板输送机相匹配必须 有一定的采掘卧底量, 为了有利于液压支架顺利推进还必须有足够的切顶量, 所以, 冲击头 必须设有一定的高度, 即必须把冲击头做得尺寸较大较重, 但是较大较重的冲击头冲击物料 时一次接触物料面积大, 使反作用力集中而强大, 冲击反作用力传至导向机构、 驱动机构及 机身后易使导向机构、 驱动机构损坏, 使冲击动力箱等过早损坏, 易使冲击反作用力与机身 形成共振使机身变形, 严重时会造成冲击区域塌陷等问题, 造成设备不能连续工作的严重损 失, 为了解决上述诸多问题, 本发明提出了一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法 及实施该方法的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 该装置使单个冲击头的高度和 /或 宽度大大降低, 实现了单个冲击头采掘较低物料及多个较小冲击头组合使用同一动力源, 节 能降耗提高效率的目的。
发明内容
本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的: 该用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置包括对背 槽导向机构、 冲击支撑机构、 驱动机构、 冲击头等, 冲击头包括齿座等, 对背槽导向机构包
100002 o l99 括滚动摩擦对背槽结构、 冲击导向件等, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构包括上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动 摩擦凹槽等, 上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽包括导向滚动体等, 冲击导向件包括上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件分别固定在同一齿座的两端' 上冲击 导向件上部外部不设置导向滚动体, 下冲击导向件下部外部不设置导向滚动体, 上冲击导向 件扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽内, 下冲击导向件扣合在下滚动摩擦凹槽内, 组成对背槽导向机构, 冲击支撑机构支撑滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 驱动机构包括动力冲击件等, 动力冲击件与齿座连 接或与冲击导向件连接, 动力冲击件驱动冲击导向件和 /或齿座等滚动摩擦往复运动, 滚动摩 擦对背槽结构支撑冲击导向件滚动摩擦往复运动,外部导向滚动体所占空间放置冲击导向件, 冲击导向件加大对冲击头的扶正高度和 /或宽度, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构、冲击导向件扶正齿座 的往复运动方向。 .
本发明还包括以下用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 具体为:
方法 1 :
设置上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽, 将上滚动摩擦凹槽的凹槽底与下滚动摩擦凹槽 的凹槽底背对背设置成滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 将上冲击导向件设置在上滚动摩擦凹槽的凹面 上, 将下冲击导向件设置在下滚动摩擦凹槽的凹面上, 使下冲击导向件固定在齿座的下端, 使上冲击导向件固定在齿座的上端, 上滚动摩擦凹槽与下滚动摩擦凹槽设置在齿座与上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件形成的 u形导向架内或框形导向架或筒形导向架内等, 齿座将上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件对应地扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽上, 使动力冲击件驱 动齿座或上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件往复运动, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件通过上滚动 摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽实现滚动摩擦往复运动, 上滚动摩擦凹槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣 合防止上冲击导向件左右摇摆、 下滚动摩擦凹槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件 左右摇摆, 当上冲击导向件向上运动时, 下冲击导向件通过齿座及下滚动摩擦凹槽拉紧上冲 击导向件控制上冲击导向件不向上运动, 当下冲击导向件向下运动时, 上冲击导向件通过上 滚动摩擦凹槽控制下冲击导向件不向下活动,在上冲击导向件上部不设置滚动体和 /或在下冲 击导向件下部不设置滚动体, 将上部滚动体和 /或下部滚动体所占空间设置冲击导向件等, 将 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件分别设置在齿座的两端, 相对加大上冲击导向件与下冲击导向 件之间的距离, 对齿座增高和 /或加宽扶正的力度, 相对降底齿座的高度和 /或宽度等, 减少 因齿座过宽或过高造成的冲击阻力。 '.
方法 2 :
100002 去除上冲击导向件上部的滚动体及去除下冲击导向件下部的滚动体降低对背槽导向机构 的高度, 从而降低齿座的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构减少滚动体的使用数量' 将一个较大的 冲击头做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座改变为多个齿座, 将相同冲击截割高度的 单层冲击头改变为多层冲击头的组合, 使组合型冲击头的各个小冲击头使用同一个动力源, 使每个小冲击头的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小等, 使每个冲击头均为滚动 摩擦往复冲击, 使多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结 泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 使多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻 力及掰别力。
方法 3 :
使上滚动摩擦凹槽与下滚动摩擦凹槽呈左右对背槽和 /或上下对背槽等形式,控制冲击导
向件左右窜动和 /或上下窜动等。
方法 4: 将一个较大的冲击头做得较小或将一个较大的冲击头分解为多个较小的冲击头, 使一个 较小的冲击头或多个较小的冲击头高频率冲击, 强化冲击力度, 且每个冲击头均为滚动摩擦 往复冲击, 使多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力 等, 提高效率。
方法 5 : 将滚动摩擦对背槽结构设置为腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 在腰鼓轮上设置凹槽, 在上 冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上对应地设置与腰鼓轮相扣合的凸起或圆弧, 将上腰鼓轮的上凹 槽与下腰鼓轮的下凹槽形成腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构。
方法 6 : 将腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构设置在上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件内部, 使腰鼓轮通过 凹槽控制冲击导向件的冲击方向, 使冲击支撑机构通过轴承等支撑腰鼓轮, 使冲击头的冲击 反作用力施加在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上, 使腰鼓轮支撑扶正冲击头, 腰鼓轮将支撑 力及冲击反作用力传递给轴承等, 轴承承载冲击反作用力及支撑力等, 大大提高了对背槽导 向机构的使用寿命。
方法 7 : 设置上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的一端分别设置在
100002 " ~ ii^
说 明 书 同一齿座的上端、 下端, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的另一端分别与同一动力冲击件的 上端、 下端连接, 使齿座、 上冲击导向件、 动力冲击件、 下冲击导向件形成框形导向架' 在 框形导向架内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 使±冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件与滚动摩擦对背槽 结构等紧密扣合支撑并扶正齿座的冲击方向, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件加大对齿座等 的扶正高度和 /或宽度。
所述的上滚动摩擦凹槽包括上弧型滚动摩擦槽等, 下滚动摩擦凹槽包括下弧型滚动摩擦 槽等。
所述的上弧型滚动摩擦槽与下弧型滚动摩擦槽设置在齿座与上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向 件形成的 U形导向架内或框型导向架或筒形导向架内等, 齿座将上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向 件对应地扣合在上弧型滚动摩擦槽、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽上, 动力冲击件驱动齿座或上冲击导 向件、 下冲击导向件往复运动, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件在上弧型滚动摩擦槽、 下弧型 滚动摩擦槽的支撑下实现滚动摩擦往复运动, 上弧型滚动摩擦槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣合防 止上冲击导向件左右摇摆、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件左 右摇摆, 当上冲击导向件向上运动时, 下冲击导向件通过齿座及下弧型滚动摩擦槽拉紧上冲 击导向件控制上冲击导向件不向上运动, 当下冲击导向件向下运动时, 上冲击导向件通过上 弧型滚动摩擦槽等控制下冲击导向件不向下活动。
所述的减少上冲击导向件上部的滚动体及减少下冲击导向件下部的滚动体降低对背槽导 向机构的高度, 从而降低齿座的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构减少滚动体的使用数量, 将一个 较大的冲击头做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座分为多个齿座, 相同冲击截割高度 的单层冲击头改变为多层冲击头的组合, 组合型冲击头的各个小冲击头使用同一个动力源, 使每个小冲击头的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小等, 每个冲击头均为滚动摩 擦往复冲击, 多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩 等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰 别力。
所述的上弧型滚动摩擦槽与下弧型滚动摩擦槽呈左右对背槽和 /或上下对背槽等形式,控 制冲击导向件左右窜动和 /或上下窜动等。 所述的弧型滚动摩擦槽包括腰鼓轮等, 腰鼓轮上设置凹槽, 在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导 向件上对应地设置与腰鼓轮相扣合的凸起或圆弧等, 上腰鼓轮的上凹槽与下腰鼓轮的下凹槽 形成腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构。
1 00 »-i
说 明 书 所述的腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽设置在上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件内部, 腰鼓轮通过凹 槽控制冲击导向件的冲击方向, 冲击支撑机构通过轴承支撑腰鼓轮' 冲击头的冲击反作用力 施加在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上, 腰鼓轮支撑扶正冲击头, 腰鼓轮将支撑力及冲击反 作用力传递给轴承, 轴承承载冲击反作用力及支撑力, 大大提高对背槽导向机构性能及寿命。
所述的上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的一端分别设置在同一齿座的上端、 下端, 上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件的另一端分别与同一动力冲击件的上端、 下端连接' 齿座、 上冲击导 向件、 动力冲击件、 下冲击导向件形成框型导向架, 在框型导向架内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结 构, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件与滚动摩擦对背槽结构紧密扣合支撑并扶正齿座的冲击方 向, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件加大对齿座的扶正高度和 /或宽度等, 相对降低驱动机构的 高度, 减少因冲击导向件对驱动机构的扶正幅度小而产生的掰别损坏,上冲击导向件、下冲击 导向件与动力冲击件分体或分体连接或为一体式。
所述的 U形导向架包括左冲击导向件和右冲击导向件等, 导向滚动体包括左部导向滚动 体、 右部导向滚动体等, 导向滚动体设置在左冲击导向件和右冲击导向件的内侧, 左部导向 滚动体、 右部导向滚动体分别与左冲击导向件、 右冲击导向件扣合。
所述的冲击头包括齿座、 冲击齿等, 齿座设置在冲击导向件的一端或两端, 齿座与冲击齿 分体连接或为一体式, 齿座与冲击导向件分体连接或为一体式。
所述的滚动摩擦对背槽结构包括两个或两个以上的腰鼓轮,两个或两个以上的腰鼓轮设置 在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件和 /或设置在左冲击导向件、 右冲击导向件内部, 上下和 /或 左右腰鼓轮扶正冲击导向件的冲击方向。
所述的导向滚动体包括滚轮等, 冲击导向件支撑滚轮, 滚轮包括滚轮轴等, 滚轮轴直接设 置在冲击导向件内或通过轴承设置在冲击导向件内或通过轴套设置在冲击导向件内等, 滚轮 的外径大于冲击导向件的外径, 设有滚轮的冲击导向件与冲击支撑机构滚动摩擦。
所述冲击支撑机构包括动力箱等, 冲击导向件的头部伸出于动力箱外, 冲击导向件与动 力箱之间设置有密封件, 冲击导向件的摩擦伸缩段为圆柱形等。
上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件之间设置曲柄连杆时, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件伸 缩于动力箱的部分作成圆柱形, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件在动力箱内往复运动段设置 为方形或半圆形或月牙形或三角形或异形状等, 减少圆柱形冲击导向件直径所占空间, 将其 节省空间放置连杆曲轴, 降低对背槽导向机构的高度和 /或宽度等, 相对应地降低冲击头的高 度和 /或宽度等, 减少冲击阻力。
100002 *
说 明 书 将曲柄连杆设置在上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件后部' 减少曲柄连杆所占空间, 使上冲 击导向件和下冲击导向件之间只放置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 降低导向机构的高度及体积, 降 低冲击头的高度, 减少冲击面积, 减小冲击的反作用力。
所述的对背槽导向机构包括一个以上的 u形导向架和 /或框形导向架或筒形导向架等,上 u形导向架的下冲击导向件与其下部 u形导向架的上冲击导向件靠近设置' 减少上 u形导向 架与下 u形导向架组合的高度, 减少因上 u形导向架和下 u形导向架距离过大所形成的冲击 阻力。
所述的导向滚动体包括滚轮等, 滚轮包括外轮和滚轮轴, 外轮和滚轮轴分体连接或为一 体式结构。
所述的导向滚动体包括滚轮等, 滚轮包括外轮和滚轮轴, 外轮和滚轮轴之间设置有轴承 或轴瓦等, 轴承或轴瓦设置在滚轮轴的两端或中部。
所述的动力冲击件与齿座或冲击导向件连接处设置有防掰别机构。
所述的防掰别机构包括关节轴承、 转向连接头、 球笼式万向节、 十字万向节、 球头扣槽 式或弧形扣槽式等。
所述的驱动机构包括曲轴驱动机构或液压驱动机构或气动驱动机构等。
所述的当冲击头设置为上下两层时, 冲击导向件往复行程伸缩于动力箱部分为圆形, 冲 击导向件与主驱动轴靠近部分为凹形, 主驱动轴穿过冲击导向件凹形段与副驱动轴啮合, 主 驱动轴带动副驱动轴旋转, 副驱动轴带动连杆往复冲击, 连杆带动冲击头往复冲击, 主驱动 轴与副驱动轴分体连接或为一体式。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、 本发明用对背槽导向机构, 使上滚动摩擦凹槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣合防止上冲击导向 件左右摇摆、 使下滚动摩擦凹槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件左右摇摆, 当 上冲击导向件向上运动时, 使下冲击导向件通过齿座及下滚动摩擦凹槽拉紧上冲击导向件 控制上冲击导向件不向上运动, 当下冲击导向件向下运动时, 使上冲击导向件通过上滚动 摩擦凹槽控制下冲击导向件不向下活动, 在上冲击导向件上部不设置滚动体和 /或在下冲击 导向件下部不设置滚动体, 将上部滚动体和 /或下部滚动体所占空间设置冲击导向件, 将上 冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件分别设置在齿座的两端, 相对加大上冲击导向件与下冲击导向 件之间的距离, 对齿座增高和 /或加宽扶正的力度, 相对降底齿座的高度和 /或宽度, 相对 降底导向机构的高度, 减少因齿座过宽或过高造成的冲击阻力, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导
100002 说 明 书 向件可以设置在齿座的两侧最大距离处, 使支撑齿座的力矩增加, 使齿座承受侧向力提高, 提高了冲击头、 导向机构、 驱动机构的使用寿命。
2、去除了上冲击导向件上部的滚动体及去除了下冲击导向件下部的滚动体降低对背槽导 向机构的高度, 从而降低齿座的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构减少滚动体的使用数量' 将一个 较大的冲击头做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座改变为多个齿座' 将相同冲击截割 高度的单层冲击头改变为多层冲击头的组合, 使组合型冲击头的各个小冲击头使用同一个动 力源, 使每个小冲击头的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小, 使多个较小的冲击 头滚动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利 用, 使多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并大大减少了冲击阻力及掰别力, 降低了能耗, 提高了设备的安全性能。
3、 使多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦高频率交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩 等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰 别力, 提高效率。
4、将腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽设置在上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件内部, 使腰鼓轮通过凹 槽控制冲击导向件的冲击方向, 使冲击支撑机构通过轴承支撑腰鼓轮, 使冲击头的冲击反作 用力施加在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上, 使腰鼓轮支撑扶正冲击头, 腰鼓轮将支撑力及 冲击反作用力传递给轴承, 轴承承载冲击反作用力及支撑力, 大大减少了对背槽导向机构的 磨损, 大大提高了对背槽导向机构的使用寿命。
5、 使齿座、 上冲击导向件、 动力冲击件.、 下冲击导向件形成框形导向架, 在框形导向架 内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件与滚动摩擦对背槽结构紧密扣 合支撑并扶正冲击头的冲击方向, 使上冲击导向件、下冲击导向件加大对齿座的扶正高度和 / 或宽度, 进一步降低了冲击头的高度。
6、所述冲击支撑机构包括动力箱, 冲击导向件的头部伸出于动力箱外, 冲击导向件与动 力箱之间设置有密封件, 冲击导向件的摩擦伸缩段为圆柱形, 有利于密封且圆柱形结构强度 大、 耐磨损。
7、上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件之间设置曲柄连杆时, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件 伸缩于动力箱的部分作成圆柱形, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件在动力箱内往复运动段设 置为方形或半圆形或月牙形或三角形或异形状, 减少圆柱形冲击导向件直径所占空间, 将其 节省空间放置连杆曲轴, 进一步降低对背槽导向机构的高度和 /或宽度, 相对应地进一步降低
100002 冲击头的高度和 /或宽度, 减少冲击阻力。
8、将曲柄连杆设置在上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件后部, 减少曲柄连杆所占空间, 使上 冲击导向件和下冲击导向件之间只放置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 降低导向机构的高度及体积, 可将冲击头的高度低于 400mm,用较小的冲击头釆掘低薄物料' 用多个较小的冲击头组合采掘 高厚层物料, 使滚动摩擦对背槽导向机构加大对冲击头的扶正力度, 同时有利于将多个低高 度的冲击头组合使用同一动力源, 通过高频率冲击破解岩石或混凝土或板结岩等, 使往复冲 击采掘机真正实现高效、 快速开凿岩石、 破解混凝土等功能。
9、将上 U形导向架的下冲击导向件说与其下的 U形导向架的上冲击导向件靠近设置, 减少 上 u形导向架与下 u形导向架组合的高度, 减少因上 U形导向架和下 U形导向架距离过大所 形成的冲击阻力。
10、 动力冲击件与齿座或冲击导向件连接处设置有防掰别机构, 防掰别机构有效地保护 了动力冲击件, 避免了冲击反作用力对动力冲击件的损坏。
11、 当冲击头设置为上下两层时, 冲击导向件往复行程伸缩于动力箱部分为圆形, 冲击 导向件与主驱动轴靠近部分为凹形, 主驱动轴穿过冲击导向件凹形段与副驱动轴啮合, 主 驱动轴带动副驱动轴旋转, 副驱动轴带动连杆往复冲击, 连杆带动冲击头往复冲击, 通过 改变冲击导向件的形状, 进一步节省多个冲击头组合的高度, 使多个冲击头的组合灵活、 巧妙。
12上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件通过上弧型滚动摩擦槽、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽实现滚动摩 擦往复运动, 上弧型滚动摩擦槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣合防止上冲击导向件左右摇摆、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件左右摇摆, 上弧型滚动摩 擦槽和下弧型滚动摩擦槽使冲击导向件在滚动摩擦的状态下工作并通过滚动摩擦结构控 制冲击导向件左右摇摆, 大大减小了冲击头往复冲击时的摩擦阻力, 提高了其冲击效率。 13将导向滚动体设置为腰鼓轮, 在腰鼓轮上设置凹槽或凸起, 在冲击导向件上对应地设 置与腰鼓轮相扣合的凸起或凹槽, 将腰鼓轮设置在冲击导向件内部, 使箱体或支架支撑 腰鼓轮, 使腰鼓轮通过凹槽或凸起控制冲击导向件的冲击方向, 腰鼓轮表面与冲击导向 件表面接触面积大不会造成局部磨损。
14在箱体或支架上设置两个或两个以上的冲击导向件, 每一个冲击导向件与同一齿座的 两端连接, 冲击导向件为上下和 /或左右靠近设置, 动力冲击件带动齿座交错往复运动分 解因齿座过大和 /或因不同齿座的冲击导向件与冲击导向件距离较远较大形成冲击阻力。 15、 冲击导向件为 U形动力冲击件, 导向滚轮设置在 U形动力冲击件的内部' 导向滚轮 支撑 U形动力冲击件往复冲击,增加了 U形动力冲击件开口端与齿座的连接宽度和 /或高 度。
16、 轴承或轴瓦设置在滚轮轴的两端, 增加了滚轮轴的承载力, 适用于冲击力度大、冲 击频率高、 冲击反作用力大的设备。
17、 滚轮体和滚轮轴为一体式结构强度大。
18、 驱动机构与冲击头连接处设置有防掰别机构,防掰别机构有效地防止了冲击反作用 力对连杆及冲击驱动机构的损坏, 并缓冲了对冲击箱的冲击振动。
19、 滚动摩擦对背槽结构使每个齿座抗掰别力大大加强, 其抗掰别强度提高到 2 倍以 上, 且使组合不同高度采掘机的灵活性大大提高, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构使单个冲击 头体积、 高度大大降低, 使冲击头适用于采掘不同高度的物料, 通过减少冲击阻力, 提高冲击力度, 实现了采掘机能够采掘不同硬度、 不同材质物料的功能, 突破了采 掘机不能采掘岩石的局限性, 扩大了采掘机的适用范围。 附图说明
图 1是实施例 1中用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置的结构示意图;
图 2是实施例 1中冲击头的结构示意图;
图 3是实施例 1中上凹型滚动摩擦槽和下凹型滚动摩擦槽布置结构示意图;
图 4是实施例 1中滚轮的结构示意图;
图 5是实施例 2的主视图;
图 6是实施例 3的主视图;
图 7是实施例 3的动力源布置的结构示韋图;
图 8是实施例 4的主视图;
图 9是实施例 5的主视图;
图 10是实施例 6中凹槽布置的结构示意图;
图 11是实施例 6中腰鼓轮的结构示意图;
图 12是实施例 7的主视图;
图 13是实施例 7中驱动机构布置的结构示意图;
图 14是实施例 7中腰鼓轮的结构示意图;
图 15是实施例 7中滚轮的结构示意图;
图 16是实施例 8的主视图; 说 明 书 图 17是实施例 9的主视图;
图 18是实施例 9中冲击头的另一种方式结构示意图;
图 19是实施例 10的主视图;
图 20是实施例 11的主视图;
图 21是实施例 12的主视图;
图 22是实施例 13的主视图;
图 23是实施例 14的主视图;
图 24是实施例 15的主视图;
图 25是实施例 16的主视图。
图中: 1、 上凹型滚动摩擦槽; 2、 下冲击导向件; 3、 冲击头; 4、 齿座; 5、 上冲击导向 件; 6、 导向滚动体; 7、 冲击导向件; 8、 动力冲击件; 9、 驱动机构; 10、 滚动摩擦对背槽 结构; 11、 下凹型滚动摩擦槽; 12、 冲击支撑机构; 13、 上弧型滚动摩擦槽; 14、 下弧型滚 动摩擦槽; 15、 U形导向架; 16、 滚动体; 17、 组合型冲击头; 18、 动力源; 19、 小的冲击头; 20、 凸起; 21、 腰鼓轮; 22、 凹槽; 23、 轴承; 24、 滚轮; 25、 滚轮轴; 26、 外轮; 27、 左冲击导 向件; 28、 左部导向滚动体; 29、 右部导向滚动体; 30、 右冲击导向件; 31、 冲击齿; 32、 密封件; 33、 动力箱; 34、 圆柱形状; 35、 曲柄连杆; 36、 月牙形; 37、 对背槽导向机构; 38、 框型导向架; 39、 防掰别机构; 40、 主驱动轴; 41、 凹形。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例 1
图 1至图 4为实施例 1 中用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法及其实施该方法的 使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 该使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置包 括对背槽导向机构 37、冲击支撑机构 12、驱动机构 9、冲击头 3等, 冲击头 3包括齿座 4等, 对背槽导向机构 37包括滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10、 冲击导向件 7等, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10 包括上滚动摩擦凹槽 22、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22等, 上滚动摩擦凹槽 22、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22包 括导向滚动体 6等,冲击导向件 7包括上冲击导向件 5、下冲击导向件 2等,上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2分别固定在同一齿座 4的两端, 上冲击导向件 5上部外部不设置导向滚动体 6, 下冲击导向件 2下部外部不设置导向滚动体 6, 上冲击导向件 5扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽 22 内, 下冲击导向件 2扣合在下滚动摩擦凹槽 22内, 组成对背槽导向机构 37, 冲击支撑机构 12支撑滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10, 驱动机构 9包括动力冲击件 8等, 动力冲击件 8与齿座 4连 说 明 书 接或与冲击导向件 7连接, 动力冲击件 8驱动冲击导向件 7和 /或齿座 4滚动摩擦往复运动' 滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10支撑冲击导向件 7滚动摩擦往复运动,外部导向滚动体 6所占空间放 置冲击导向件 7, 冲击导向件 7加大对冲击头 3的扶正高度和 /或宽度' 滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10、 冲击导向件 7扶正齿座 4的往复运动方向。
所述的上滚动摩擦凹槽 22包括上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13等, 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22包括下弧 型滚动摩擦槽 14等。
所述的驱动机构 9包括曲轴驱动机构 9, 驱动机构 9也可以为液压驱动机构 9或气动驱 动机构 9等。
本发明还包括以下方法:
方法 1 : 设置上滚动摩擦凹槽 22、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22等, 将上滚动摩擦凹槽 22的凹槽 22底与下滚动摩擦凹槽 22的凹槽 22底背对背设置成滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10等, 将上冲击 导向件 5设置在上滚动摩擦凹槽 22的凹面上, 将下冲击导向件 2等设置在下滚动摩擦凹槽 22的凹面上, 使下冲击导向件 2固定在齿座 4的下端等, 使上冲击导向件 5固定在齿座 4的 上端, 上滚动摩擦凹槽 22与下滚动摩擦凹槽 22设置在齿座 4与上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导 向件 2形成的 U形导向架 15内或框形导向架或筒形导向架等内, 齿座 4将上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等对应地扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽 22、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22等上, 使动力冲击 件 8驱动齿座 4或上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等往复运动, 上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导 向件 2通过上滚动摩擦凹槽 22、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22等实现滚动摩擦往复运动, 上滚动摩擦 凹槽 22与上冲击导向件 5紧密扣合防止上冲击导向件 5左右摇摆、 下滚动摩擦凹槽 22与下 冲击导向件 2紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件 2左右摇摆, 当上冲击导向件 5向上运动时, 下冲 击导向件 2通过齿座 4及下滚动摩擦凹槽 22等拉紧上冲击导向件 5控制上冲击导向件 5不向 上运动, 当下冲击导向件 2向下运动时, 上冲击导向件 5通过上滚动摩擦凹槽 22等控制下冲 击导向件 2不向下活动, 在上冲击导向件 5上部不设置滚动体 16和 /或在下冲击导向件 2下 部不设置滚动体 16, 将上部滚动体 16和 /或下部滚动体 16所占空间设置冲击导向件 7, 将上 冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等分别设置在齿座 4的两端, 相对加大上冲击导向件 5与下 冲击导向件 2之间的距离, 对齿座 4增高和 /或加宽扶正的力度, 相对降底齿座 4的高度和 / 或宽度, 减少因齿座 4过宽或过高造成的冲击阻力。
方法 2:
去除上冲击导向件 5上部的滚动体 16及去除下冲击导向件 2下部的滚动体 16降低对背
100002 说 明 书 2( 3/001199 槽导向机构 37的高度, 从而降低齿座 4的高度等' 使用对背槽导向机构 37减少滚动体 16的 使用数量, 将一个较大的冲击头 3做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座 4改变为多个 齿座 4, 将相同冲击截割高度的单层冲击头 3改变为多层冲击头 3的组合, 使组合型冲击头 17的各个小冲击头 3使用同一个动力源 18等, 使每个小冲击头 3的每次冲击面积减小、 冲 击力度大、冲击阻力小, 使每个冲击头 3均为滚动摩擦往复冲击, 使多个较小的冲击头 19滚 动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 使 多个冲击头 3交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力。
方法 3:
使上滚动摩擦凹槽 22与下滚动摩擦凹槽 22呈左右对背槽和 /或上下对背槽形式,控制冲 击导向件 7左右窜动和 /或上下窜动。
方法 4:
将一个较大的冲击头 3等做得较小或将一个较大的冲击头 3分解为多个较小的冲击头 19 等, 使一个较小的冲击头 19或多个较小的冲击头 19高频率冲击, 强化冲击力度, 且每个冲 击头 3均为滚动摩擦往复冲击,使多个较小的冲击头 19滚动摩擦交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥 混凝物或板结泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头 3交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力, 提高效率。
方法 5:
将滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10设置为腰鼓轮 21滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10等, 在腰鼓轮 21上 设置凹槽 22等, 在上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2上对应地设置与腰鼓轮 21相扣合的凸 起 20或圆弧等, 将上腰鼓轮 21的上凹槽 22与下腰鼓轮 21的下凹槽 22等形成腰鼓轮 21滚 动摩擦对背槽结构 10。 方法 6:
将腰鼓轮 21滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10设置在上冲击导向件 5与下冲击导向件 2内部, 使 腰鼓轮 21通过凹槽 22控制冲击导向件 7的冲击方向, 使冲击支撑机构 12通过轴承 23支撑 腰鼓轮 21等, 使冲击头 3的冲击反作用力施加在上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2上, 使腰 鼓轮 21支撑扶正冲击头 3,腰鼓轮 21将支撑力及冲击反作用力传递给轴承 23, 轴承 23承载 冲击反作用力及支撑力, 大大提高了对背槽导向机构 37的使用寿命。
方法擦:
设置上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等, 使上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等的一端
1000 2 说 明 书 分别设置在同一齿座 4的上端、 下端等, 使上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2的另一端分别 与同一动力冲击件 8的上端、 下端连接, 使齿座 4、 上冲击导向件 5、 动力冲击件 8、 下冲击 导向件 2形成框型导向架 38, 在框型导向架 38内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10, 使上冲击导 向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2与滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10紧密扣合支撑并扶正齿座 4的冲击方向, 使上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2加大对齿座 4的扶正高度和 /或宽度。
实施例 2
图 5为实施例 2所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的是- 上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13与下弧型滚动摩擦槽 14设置在齿座 4与上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向 件 2形成的 U形导向架 15内或框型导向架 38或筒形导向架内, 齿座 4将上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2对应地扣合在上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽 14等上, 动力冲击 件 8驱动齿座 4或上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等往复运动, 上冲击导向件 5、下冲击导 向件 2等在上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽 14的支撑下实现滚动摩擦往复运动, 上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13与上冲击导向件 5等紧密扣合防止上冲击导向件 5左右摇摆、下弧型滚 动摩擦槽 14与下冲击导向件 2等紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件 2左右摇摆, 当上冲击导向件 5 向上运动时,下冲击导向件 2通过齿座 4及下弧型滚动摩擦槽 14等拉紧上冲击导向件 5控制 上冲击导向件 5不向上运动, 当下冲击导向件 2向下运动时, 上冲击导向件 5通过上弧型滚 动摩擦槽 13等控制下冲击导向件 2不向下活动。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 3
图 6至图 7为实施例 3所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不 同的是: 减少上冲击导向件 5上部的滚动体 16及减少下冲击导向件 2下部的滚动体 16等降 低对背槽导向机构 37的高度, 从而降低齿座 4等的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构 37减少滚动 体 16等的使用数量,将一个较大的冲击头 3做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座 4分 为多个齿座 4, 相同冲击截割高度的单层冲击头 3改变为多层冲击头 3等的组合, 组合型冲 击头 17的各个小冲击头 3使用同一个动力源 18等,使每个小冲击头 3的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小, 每个冲击头 3均为滚动摩擦往复冲击, 多个较小的冲击头 19滚动 摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多 个冲击头 3交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力。
其它同实施例 1。
100002 说 明 书 * U / M u i / υ u i i y y 实施例 4
图 8为实施例 4所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的是: 上弧型滚动摩擦槽 13与下弧型滚动摩擦槽 14等呈左右对背槽和 /或上下对背槽形式等,控制 冲击导向件 7左右窜动和 /或上下窜动。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 5
图 9为实施例 5所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的是: 一个较大的冲击头 3做得较小或一个较大的冲击头 3等分解为多个较小的冲击头 19, 一个较 小的冲击头 19或多个较小的冲击头 19高频率冲击,多个较小的冲击头 19滚动摩擦交错冲击 岩石、 煤层、 水泥混凝物、 板结泥岩等, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头 3交错冲 击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力, 提高效率。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 6
图 10至图 11为实施例 6所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 与实施例 1 不同的是: 弧型滚动摩擦槽包括腰鼓轮 21等, 腰鼓轮 21上设置凹槽 22等, 在上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等上对应地设置与腰鼓轮 21相扣合的凸起 20或圆弧等, 上腰鼓轮 21的 上凹槽 22与下腰鼓轮 21的下凹槽 22形成腰鼓轮 21滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10。
所述的腰鼓轮 21滚动摩擦对背槽设置在上冲击导向件 5与下冲击导向件 2等内部,腰鼓 轮 21通过凹槽 22控制冲击导向件 7的冲击方向, 冲击支撑机构 12通过轴承 23等支撑腰鼓 轮 21 , 冲击头 3的冲击反作用力施加在上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2等上, 腰鼓轮 21支 撑扶正冲击头 3等, 腰鼓轮 21将支撑力及冲击反作用力传递给轴承 23等, 轴承 23承载冲击 反作用力及支撑力, 大大提高对背槽导向机构 37性能及寿命。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 7
图 12至图 15为实施例 7所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 与实施例 1 不同的是: 上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2的一端分别设置在同一齿座 4的上端、 下端等, 上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2的另一端分别与同一动力冲击件 8的上端、 下端等连接, 齿座 4、 上冲击导向件 5、 动力冲击件 8、 下冲击导向件 2形成框型导向架 38等, 在框型导 ΠΓΤ /P|PCT/CN2013/001199 向架 38内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10等, 上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2与滚动摩擦对 背槽结构 10紧密扣合支撑并扶正齿座 4的冲击方向, 上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2加大 对齿座 4的扶正高度和 /或宽度, 相对降低驱动机构 9的高度等, 减少因冲击导向件 7对驱动 机构 9的扶正幅度小而产生的掰别损坏,上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2与动力冲击件 8分 体或分体连接或为一体式。
所述的滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10包括两个或两个以上的腰鼓轮 21等, 两个或两个以上的 腰鼓轮 21等设置在上冲击导向件 5、 下冲击导向件 2和 /或设置在左冲击导向件 27、 右冲击 导向件 30等内部, 上下和 /或左右腰鼓轮 21扶正冲击导向件 7的冲击方向。
所述的导向滚动体 6包括滚轮 24等, 冲击导向件 7支撑滚轮 24等, 滚轮 24包括滚轮轴 25等, 滚轮轴 25直接设置在冲击导向件 7内或通过轴承 23设置在冲击导向件 7内或通过轴 套设置在冲击导向件 7内, 滚轮 24的外径大于冲击导向件 7的外径, 设有滚轮 24的冲击导 向件 7与冲击支撑机构 12滚动摩擦。
所述的导向滚动体 6包括滚轮 24等, 滚轮 24包括外轮 26和滚轮轴 25等, 外轮 26和滚 轮轴 25分体连接或为一体式结构。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 8
图 16为实施例 8所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的是: 所述的 U形导向架 15包括左冲击导向件 27和右冲击导向件 30等,导向滚动体 6包括左部导 向滚动体 28、 右部导向滚动体 29等, 导向滚动体 6设置在左冲击导向件 27和右冲击导向件 30等的内侧, 左部导向滚动体 28、 右部导向滚动体 29分别与左冲击导向件 27、 右冲击导向 件 30等扣合。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 9
图 17至图 18为实施例 9所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 与实施例 1 不同的是: 所述的冲击头 3包括齿座 4、 冲击齿 31等, 齿座 4设置在冲击导向件 7的一端或 两端,齿座 4与冲击齿 31分体连接或为一体式,齿座 4与冲击导向件 7分体连接或为一体式。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 10 说 明 书 PCT/C PCT/CN2013/001]
\ 厶 VJ " - 图 19为实施例 10所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是: 所述冲击支撑机构 12包括动力箱 33等, 冲击导向件 7的头部伸出于动力箱 33外, 冲击 导向件 Ί与动力箱 33之间设置有密封件 32等, 冲击导向件 7的摩擦伸缩段为圆柱形等。 其它同实施例 1。 实施例 11
图 20为实施例 11所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是: 上冲击导向件 5和下冲击导向件 2之间设置曲柄连杆 35等时, 将上冲击导向件 5和下冲 击导向件 2伸缩于动力箱 33的部分作成圆柱形等,将上冲击导向件 5和下冲击导向件 2在动 力箱 33内往复运动段设置为方形或半圆形或月牙形 36或三角形或异形状等' 减少圆柱形冲 击导向件 7直径所占空间, 将其节省空间放置连杆曲轴等, 降低对背槽导向机构 37的高度和 /或宽度, 相对应地降低冲击头 3的高度和 /或宽度, 减少冲击阻力等。 其它同实施例 1。
实施例 12
图 21为实施例 12所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是: 将曲柄连杆 35等设置在上冲击导向件 5和下冲击导向件 2后部, 减少曲柄连杆 35所占 空间, 使上冲击导向件 5和下冲击导向件 2之间只放置滚动摩擦对背槽结构 10等, 降低导向 机构的高度及体积, 降低冲击头 3的高度, 减少冲击面积, 减小冲击的反作用力。 其它同实施例 1。
实施例 13
图 22为实施例 13所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是:所述的对背槽导向机构 37包括一个以上的 U形导向架 15和 /或框形导向架或筒形导向架 等,上 U形导向架 15的下冲击导向件 2与其下部 U形导向架 15的上冲击导向件 5靠近设置, 减少上 U形导向架 15与下 U形导向架 15组合的高度,减少因上 U形导向架 15和下 U形导向 架 15等距离过大所形成的冲击阻力。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 14 图 23为实施例 14所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是: 所述导向滚动体 6包括滚轮 24等, 滚轮 24包括外轮 26和滚轮轴 25等, 外轮 26和滚轮 。。 +、 Ι Λ. 轴 25之间设置有轴承 23或轴瓦等, 轴承 23或轴瓦设置在滚轮轴 25的两端或中部等。
所述轴承 23或轴瓦等设置在滚轮轴 25的两端。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 15
24为实施例 15所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是- 动力冲击件 8与齿座 4或冲击导向件 7连接处设置有防掰别机构 39等。
所述的防掰别机构 39包括关节轴承 23、 转向连接头、 球笼式万向节、 十字万向节、 球 头扣槽式或弧形扣槽式等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 16
图 25为实施例 16所述的使用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置,与实施例 1不同的 是: 当冲击头 3设置为上下两层时, 冲击导向件 7往复行程伸缩于动力箱 33部分为圆形, 冲 击导向件 7与主驱动轴 40等靠近部分为凹形 41, 主驱动轴 40穿过冲击导向件 7凹形 41段 与副驱动轴啮合, 主驱动轴 40带动副驱动轴等旋转, 副驱动轴带动连杆等往复冲击, 连杆带 动冲击头 3等往复冲击, 主驱动轴 40与副驱动轴分体连接或为一体式。
其它同实施例 1。
100002

Claims

UIN ZU 10/ u U I
1、 一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于: 设置上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽, 将上滚动摩擦凹槽的凹槽底与下滚动摩擦凹槽的凹槽底背对背设置成滚动 摩擦对背槽结构, 将上冲击导向件设置在上滚动摩擦凹槽的凹面上, 将下冲击导向件设置在 下滚动摩擦凹槽的凹面上, 使下冲击导向件固定在齿座的下端, 使上冲击导向件固定在齿座 的上端, 上滚动摩擦凹槽与下滚动摩擦凹槽设置在齿座与上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件形成 的 u形导向架内或框形导向架或筒形导向架内, 齿座将上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件对应地 扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽上, 使动力冲击件驱动齿座或上冲击导向件、 下冲 击导向件往复运动, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件通过上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽实 现滚动摩擦往复运动,上滚动摩擦凹槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣合防止上冲击导向件左右摇摆、 下滚动摩擦凹槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件左右摇摆, 当上冲击导向件向上 运动时, 下冲击导向件通过齿座及下滚动摩擦凹槽拉紧上冲击导向件控制上冲击导向件不向 上运动, 当下冲击导向件向下运动时, 上冲击导向件通过上滚动摩擦凹槽控制下冲击导向件 不向下活动, 在上冲击导向件上部不设置滚动体和 /或在下冲击导向件下部不设置滚动体, 将 上部滚动体和 /或下部滚动体所占空间设置冲击导向件, 将上冲击R导向件、下冲击导向件分别 设置在齿座的两端, 相对加大上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件之间的距离, 对齿座增高和 /或加 宽扶正的力度, 相对降底齿座的高度和 /或宽度, 减少因齿座过宽或过高造成的冲击阻力。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于: 去除上冲击导向件上部的滚动体及去除下冲击导向件下部的滚动体降低对背槽导向机构的高 度, 从而降低齿座的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构减少滚动体的使用数量, 将一个较大的冲击 头做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座改变为多个齿座, 将相同冲击截割高度的单层 冲击头改变为多层冲击头的组合, 使组合型冲击头的各个小冲击头使用同一个动力源, 使每 个小冲击头的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小, 使每个冲击头均为滚动摩擦往 复冲击, 使多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩, 实现对动力的瞬间集中利用, 使多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别 力。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于: 使上滚动摩擦凹槽与下滚动摩擦凹槽呈左右对背槽和 /或上下对背槽形式,控制冲击导向件左 右窜动和 /或上下窜动。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于:
100001
2010. 2 n 权 禾 ij 要 求 书 1 9 9 将一个较大的冲击头做得较小或将一个较大的冲击头分解为多个较小的冲击头' 使一个较小 的冲击头或多个较小的冲击头高频率冲击, 强化冲击力度, 且每个冲击头均为滚动摩擦往复 冲击, 使多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩, 实现对 动力的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力, 提高 效率。
5、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于: 将滚动摩擦对背槽结构设置为腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 在腰鼓轮上设置凹槽, 在上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件上对应地设置与腰鼓轮相扣合的凸起或圆弧, 将上腰鼓轮的上凹槽与 下腰鼓轮的下凹槽形成腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于- 将腰鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽结构设置在上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件内部, 使腰鼓轮通过四槽 控制冲击导向件的冲击方向, 使冲击支撑机构通过轴承支撑腰鼓轮, 使冲击头的冲击反作用 力施加在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上, 使腰鼓轮支撑扶正冲击头, 腰鼓轮将支撑力及冲 击反作用力传递给轴承, 轴承承载冲击反作用力及支撑力, 大大提高了对背槽导向机构的使 用寿命。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的一种用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法, 其特征在于: 设置上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的一端分别设置在同一 齿座的上端、 下端, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的另一端分别与同一动力冲击件的上端、 下端连接, 使齿座、 上冲击导向件、 动力冲击件、 下冲击导向件形成框形导向架, 在框形导 向架内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件与滚动摩擦对背槽结构紧 密扣合支撑并扶正齿座的冲击方向, 使上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件加大对齿座的扶正高度 和 /或宽度。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种实施用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头的方法的用对背 槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 该用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置 包括对背槽导向机构、 冲击支撑机构、 驱动机构、 冲击头, 冲击头包括齿座, 对背槽导向机 构包括滚动摩擦对背槽结构、 冲击导向件, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构包括上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚 动摩擦凹槽, 上滚动摩擦凹槽、 下滚动摩擦凹槽包括导向滚动体, 冲击导向件包括上冲击导 向件、 下冲击导向件, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件分别固定在同一齿座的两端, 上冲击导 向件上部外部不设置导向滚动体, 下冲击导向件下部外部不设置导向滚动体, 上冲击导向件
100001 权 禾 lj 要 求 书 1 Ό Ό 扣合在上滚动摩擦凹槽内, 下冲击导向件扣合在下滚动摩擦凹槽内, 组成对背槽导向机构, 冲击支撑机构支撑滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 驱 机构包括动力冲击件, 动力冲击件与齿座连接 或与冲击导向件连接, 动力冲击件驱动冲击导向件和 /或齿座滚动摩擦往复运动, 滚动摩擦对 背槽结构支撑冲击导向件滚动摩擦往复运动, 外部导向滚动体所占空间放置冲击导向件, 冲 击导向件加大对冲击头的扶正高度和 /或宽度, 滚动摩擦对背槽结构、冲击导向件扶正齿座的 往复运动方向。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的上滚动摩擦凹槽包括上弧型滚动摩擦槽, 下滚动摩擦凹槽包括下弧型滚动摩擦槽。
10、 根据权利要求 8、 9所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 上弧型滚动摩擦槽与下弧型滚动摩擦槽设置在齿座与上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件形成的 U 形导向架内或框型导向架或筒形导向架内, 齿座将上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件对应地扣合 在上弧型滚动摩擦槽、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽上, 动力冲击件驱动齿座或上冲击导向件、 下冲击 导向件往复运动, 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件在上弧型滚动摩擦槽、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽的 支撑下实现滚动摩擦往复运动, 上弧型滚动摩擦槽与上冲击导向件紧密扣合防止上冲击导向 件左右摇摆、 下弧型滚动摩擦槽与下冲击导向件紧密扣合防止下冲击导向件左右摇摆, 当上 冲击导向件向上运动时, 下冲击导向件通过齿座及下弧型滚动摩擦槽拉紧上冲击导向件控制 上冲击导向件不向上运动, 当下冲击导向件向下运动时, 上冲击导向件通过上弧型滚动摩擦 槽控制下冲击导向件不向下活动。
11、 根据权利要求 8、 9所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 减少上冲击导向件上部的滚动体及减少下冲击导向件下部的滚动体降低对背槽导向机构的高 度, 从而降低齿座的高度, 使用对背槽导向机构减少滚动体的使用数量, 将一个较大的冲击 头做得较小或将冲击截割高度相等的单一齿座分为多个齿座, 相同冲击截割高度的单层冲击 头改变为多层冲击头的组合, 组合型冲击头的各个小冲击头使用同一个动力源, 使每个小冲 击头的每次冲击面积减小、 冲击力度大、 冲击阻力小, 每个冲击头均为滚动摩擦往复冲击, 多个较小的冲击头滚动摩擦往复交错冲击岩石或煤层或水泥混凝物或板结泥岩, 实现对动力 的瞬间集中利用, 多个冲击头交错冲击不易产生共振, 并减少冲击阻力及掰别力。
12、 根据权利要求 8、 9所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 上弧型滚动摩擦槽与下弧型滚动摩擦槽呈左有对背槽和 /或上下对背槽形式,控制冲击导向件 左右窜动和 /或上下窜动。
100001 WO 2014/023086 ,„ ffi + +、 pf] PCT/CN2013/001199 -, Ί Q Q 权 禾1 J 要 求 书 u i wi ¾ i j/ u u i > y y
13、 根据权利要求 8、 9所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于- 弧型滚动摩擦槽包括腰鼓轮, 腰鼓轮上设置凹槽, 在上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件上对应地 设置与腰鼓轮相扣合的凸起或圆弧, 上腰鼓轮的上凹槽与下腰鼓轮的下凹槽形成腰鼓轮滚动 摩擦对背槽结构。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 腰 鼓轮滚动摩擦对背槽设置在上冲击导向件与下冲击导向件内部, 腰鼓轮通过凹槽控制冲击导 向件的冲击方向, 冲击支撑机构通过轴承支撑腰鼓轮, 冲击头的冲击反作用力施加在上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件上, 腰鼓轮支撑扶正冲击头, 腰鼓轮将支撑力及冲击反作用力传递给 轴承, 轴承承载冲击反作用力及支撑力, 大大提高对背槽导向机构性能及寿命。
15、 根据权利要求 8、 9所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 上冲击导向件、 下冲击导向件的一端分别设置在同一齿座的上端、 下端, 上冲击导向件、 下 冲击导向件的另一端分别与同一动力冲击件的上端、 下端连接, 齿座、 上冲击导向件、 动力 冲击件、 下冲击导向件形成框型导向架, 在框型导向架内设置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 上冲击 导向件、 下冲击导向件与滚动摩擦对背槽结构紧密扣合支撑并扶正齿座的冲击方向, 上冲击 导向件、下冲击导向件加大对齿座的扶正高度和 /或宽度, 相对降低驱动机构的高度, 减少因 冲击导向件对驱动机构的扶正幅度小而产生的掰别损坏,上冲击导向件、下冲击导向件与动力 冲击件分体或分体连接或为一体式。
16、根据权利要求 10所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的 U形导向架包括左冲击导向件和右冲击导向件, 导向滚动体包括左部导向滚动体、 右部导 向滚动体, 导向滚动体设置在左冲击导向件和右冲击导向件的内侧, 左部导向滚动体、 右部 导向滚动体分别与左冲击导向件、 右冲击导向件扣合。
17、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的冲击头包括齿座、 冲击齿, 齿座设置在冲击导向件的一端或两端, 齿座与冲击齿分体连接 或为一体式, 齿座与冲击导向件分体连接或为一体式。
18、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的滚动摩擦对背槽结构包括两个或两个以上的腰鼓轮, 两个或两个以上的腰鼓轮设置在上冲 击导向件、 下冲击导向件和 /或设置在左冲击导向件、 右冲击导向件内部, 上下和 /或左右腰 鼓轮扶正冲击导向件的冲击方向。
19、根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述
Figure imgf000023_0001
WO 2014/023086 PfPCT/CN2013/001199) Ί U Q
权 利 要 求 书 的导向滚动体包括滚轮, 冲击导向件支撑滚轮, 滚轮包括滚轮轴, 滚轮轴直接设置在冲击导 向件内或通过轴承设置在冲击导向件内或通过轴套设置在冲击导向件内, 滚轮的外径大于冲 击导向件的外径, 设有滚轮的冲击导向件与冲击支撑机构滚动摩擦。
20、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 冲击支撑机构包括动力箱, 冲击导向件的头部伸出于动力箱外, 冲击导向件与动力箱之间设 置有密封件, 冲击导向件的摩擦伸缩段为圆柱形。
21、根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件之间设置曲柄连杆时, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件伸缩 于动力箱的部分作成圆柱形, 将上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件在动力箱内往复运动段设置为 方形或半圆形或月牙形或三角形或异形状, 减少圆柱形冲击导向件直径所占空间, 将其节省 空间放置连杆曲轴, 降低对背槽导向机构的高度和 /或宽度, 相对应地降低冲击头的高度和 / 或宽度, 减少冲击阻力。
22、 根据权利要求 21所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所 述的曲柄连杆设置在上冲击导向件和下冲击导向件后部, 减少曲柄连杆所占空间, 上冲击导 向件和下冲击导向件之间只放置滚动摩擦对背槽结构, 降低导向机构的高度及体积, 降低冲 击头的高度, 减少冲击面积, 减小冲击的反作用力。
23、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的对背槽导向机构包括一个以上的 U形导向架和 /或框形导向架或筒形导向架,上 U形导向架 的下冲击导向件与其下部 U形导向架的上冲击导向件靠近设置, 减少上 U形导向架与下 U形 导向架组合的高度, 减少因上 U形导向架和下 U形导向架距离过大所形成的冲击阻力。
24、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增 和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的导向滚动体包括滚轮, 滚轮包括外轮和滚轮轴, 外轮和滚轮轴分体连接或为一体式结构。
25、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 导向滚动体包括滚轮, 滚轮包括外轮和滚轮轴, 外轮和滚轮轴之间设置有轴承或轴瓦, 轴承 或轴瓦设置在滚轮轴的两端或中部。
26、根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 动力 冲击件与齿座或冲击导向件连接处设置有防掰别机构。
27、 根据权利要求 28所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所 述的防掰别机构包括关节轴承、 转向连接头、 球笼式万向节、 十字万向节、 球头扣槽式或弧
100001
2010. 2 形扣槽式。
28、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 所述 的驱动机构包括曲轴驱动机构或液压驱动机构或气动驱动机构。
29、 根据权利要求 8所述的用对背槽增高和 /或加宽扶正冲击头装置, 其特征在于: 当冲 击头设置为上下两层时, 冲击导向件往复行程伸缩于动力箱部分为圆形, 冲击导向件与主驱 动轴靠近部分为凹形, 主驱动轴穿过冲击导向件凹形段与副驱动轴啮合, 主驱动轴带动副驱 动轴旋转, 副驱动轴带动连杆往复冲击, 连杆带动冲击头往复冲击, 主驱动轴与副驱动轴分 体连接或为一体式。
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AU2013302125A2 (en) 2015-05-07
EA201590336A1 (ru) 2015-07-30
EA035742B9 (ru) 2020-11-12
AU2013302125A1 (en) 2015-03-26
AU2013302126B2 (en) 2017-06-29
EA201590337A1 (ru) 2016-01-29
UA118958C2 (uk) 2019-04-10
WO2014023085A1 (zh) 2014-02-13
AU2013302125B2 (en) 2017-02-23
AP2015008300A0 (en) 2015-03-31
AP2015008301A0 (en) 2015-03-31
EA035742B1 (ru) 2020-08-03

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