WO2014023073A1 - 放料控制系统、混凝土搅拌车及其装卸料监控方法、系统和物料防盗系统 - Google Patents

放料控制系统、混凝土搅拌车及其装卸料监控方法、系统和物料防盗系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014023073A1
WO2014023073A1 PCT/CN2012/086056 CN2012086056W WO2014023073A1 WO 2014023073 A1 WO2014023073 A1 WO 2014023073A1 CN 2012086056 W CN2012086056 W CN 2012086056W WO 2014023073 A1 WO2014023073 A1 WO 2014023073A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil pressure
concrete mixer
mixer truck
value
preset
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/086056
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王桂红
王希翼
陈健晖
潘龙勋
Original Assignee
中联重科股份有限公司
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Application filed by 中联重科股份有限公司 filed Critical 中联重科股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014023073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014023073A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28CPREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/42Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport
    • B28C5/4203Details; Accessories
    • B28C5/4206Control apparatus; Drive systems, e.g. coupled to the vehicle drive-system
    • B28C5/422Controlling or measuring devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D16/00Control of fluid pressure
    • G05D16/20Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D16/2006Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means

Definitions

  • Discharge control system concrete mixer truck and its loading and unloading material monitoring method, system and material anti-theft system
  • the invention relates to the field of loading and unloading material monitoring of a concrete mixer truck, in particular to a loading and unloading material monitoring method for a concrete mixer truck, a loading and unloading material monitoring system, a material discharging control system using the loading and unloading material monitoring system, and a material anti-theft device for a concrete mixer truck.
  • the concrete mixer truck In the work of a concrete mixer truck, there are usually three states. First, the concrete mixer truck needs to receive the discharge from the concrete mixing station. Second, the concrete is transported to the designated construction site. Third, the concrete is discharged to the concrete pump. Send equipment, such as concrete pump trucks, for construction. At present, in these three states, a certain number of operators are required to observe in time, for example, whether the concrete mixing station discharges too much, whether the concrete mixer truck is stolen during transportation, and whether the concrete pumping equipment overflows. Problems such as material or suction, resulting in waste of labor for the relevant personnel. Summary of the invention
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring loading and unloading of a concrete mixer truck, which can accurately monitor whether a concrete mixer truck is unloading and loading.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a loading and unloading material monitoring system for a concrete mixer truck that can accurately monitor whether a concrete mixer truck is unloading and loading.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a material anti-theft system for a concrete mixer truck which uses the loading and unloading material monitoring system provided by the present invention to accurately determine whether a concrete mixer truck has been stolen.
  • a loading and unloading material monitoring method for a concrete mixer truck comprising a mixing drum and a hydraulic system for driving the mixing drum, wherein the monitoring method includes a preset a step of detecting, and a determining step, in the preset step, preset a preset value of the oil pressure, the oil pressure pre- a value of the initial hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck carries the initial amount of concrete, and in the detecting step, detecting a real-time oil pressure value of the hydraulic system, in the determining step, Comparing the real-time value of the oil pressure with the preset value of the oil pressure, when the real-time value of the oil pressure is less than the preset value of the oil pressure, determining that the concrete mixer truck is unloading; when the real-time value of the oil pressure is greater than When the hydraulic pressure preset value is determined, it is determined that the concrete mixer truck is charged; preferably, the oil pressure preset value
  • the preset pressure value includes a second hydraulic pressure preset value
  • the second hydraulic pressure preset value is a hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck is idling, in the concrete
  • the mixer truck performs the unloading, when the real-time oil pressure value is equal to the preset value of the second oil pressure, it is judged that the material of the concrete mixer truck is discharged.
  • a loading and unloading material monitoring system for a concrete mixer truck is provided.
  • the concrete mixer truck includes a mixing drum and a hydraulic system for driving the mixing drum, wherein the loading and unloading material monitoring system includes electrical connections to each other.
  • the first detecting device detects a real-time oil pressure value of the hydraulic system and feeds back to the second controller
  • the second controller is pre-set with a hydraulic preset a value
  • the preset value of the oil pressure is an initial oil pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck carries an initial amount of concrete
  • the second controller is capable of pre-calculating the oil pressure with the oil pressure Setting a value for comparison, when the real-time value of the oil pressure is less than the preset value of the oil pressure, determining that the concrete mixer truck is unloading; when the real-time oil pressure value is greater than the preset value of the oil pressure, determining The concrete mixer truck is charged.
  • the first detecting means detects a real-time value of the oil pressure output by the hydraulic pump in the hydraulic system.
  • the first detecting device is a pressure sensor mounted on a pressure control valve of the hydraulic pump.
  • the preset pressure value includes a first hydraulic pressure preset value
  • the first hydraulic pressure preset value is a hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck is fully loaded, in the concrete
  • the second controller determines that the concrete mixer truck is full.
  • the preset pressure value includes a second hydraulic pressure preset value
  • the second hydraulic pressure preset value is an oil pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck is idling.
  • the second controller determines that the material of the concrete mixer truck is discharged.
  • a material anti-theft system for a concrete mixer truck is provided, the material anti-theft system a position monitoring system for monitoring a current position of the concrete mixer truck and a loading and unloading material monitoring system for monitoring a discharge state of the concrete mixer truck, wherein the loading and unloading material monitoring system is a loading and unloading material monitoring system provided by the present invention,
  • the material anti-theft system determines the concrete agitation The material in the car was stolen.
  • the preset pressure value includes a second hydraulic pressure preset value
  • the second hydraulic pressure preset value is an oil pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck is idling
  • the material theft prevention system comprises the third controller electrically connected to the position monitoring system and the loading and unloading monitoring system respectively, and the third controller determines whether the concrete mixer truck has stolen materials.
  • the material theft prevention system further comprises an alarm device controlled by the third controller, and when it is determined that the material of the concrete mixer truck is stolen, the third controller controls the alarm device to alarm.
  • a concrete mixer truck comprising the material theft prevention system of the concrete mixer truck provided by the present invention.
  • a discharge control system for controlling a concrete mixing station to discharge a concrete mixer truck, wherein the discharge control system comprises a loading and unloading material monitoring system of the concrete mixer truck provided by the present invention.
  • the loading and unloading material monitoring system and method provided by the present invention adopts the monitoring method of monitoring the oil pressure of the hydraulic system of the driving drum, it is possible to more directly know the amount of concrete variation in the mixing drum, thereby obtaining accurate It is judged whether the concrete mixer truck unloads and charges, so that the material anti-theft system and the discharging control system provided by the invention work accurately and have high practicability.
  • 1 is a structural original of a discharge control system for discharging a concrete mixing plant to a concrete mixer truck according to the present invention.
  • 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a material anti-theft system for a concrete mixer truck provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view showing a matching operation of a concrete mixer truck and a concrete pumping device provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a working flow chart of a matching operation method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment and a second embodiment of a matching operating system provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the matching operating system provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the matching operating system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of a matching operation system provided by the present invention.
  • FIG 10 is an enlarged schematic view showing the structure of the portion A of Figure 4. Description of the reference numerals
  • orientation words used such as “up, down, front, and rear" are generally defined in the case where the concrete mixer provided by the present invention is normally driven, and may be specifically referred to.
  • "front” is the left direction in the drawing direction
  • “back” is the right direction in the drawing direction.
  • the present invention is directed to solving the problem that the presence of the concrete mixer truck 500 in various working states occupies a large number of people, and can satisfy the concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete mixing station 600 and the concrete pumping equipment. A good match between the 400s also optimizes the problem of material theft of the concrete mixer truck 500 during transportation.
  • the present invention will be described in detail below mainly in three working states of a concrete mixer truck.
  • the present invention provides a control.
  • a discharge control system for discharging the concrete mixer to the concrete mixer truck comprising a first signal source 101, a first signal receiving device 102 and a first controller 103, the first signal source 101 being installed in the concrete mixing
  • the maximum load capacity of the concrete mixer truck 500 is recorded on the vehicle 500
  • the first signal receiving device 102 is capable of acquiring the maximum load capacity recorded by the first signal source 101
  • the first controller 103 and the first signal receiving device 102 are electrically
  • the information of the maximum load capacity of the concrete mixer truck 500 received by the first signal receiving device can be fed back to the first controller 103, thereby enabling the first controller 103 to obtain the maximum load amount according to the first signal receiving device 102.
  • the first signal receiving device 102 and the first controller 103 are both disposed on the concrete mixing station 600. Therefore, it is possible to ensure that the discharge amount of the concrete mixing station 600 matches the maximum load capacity of the concrete mixer truck 500, and there is no need to provide special observers and control personnel, thereby providing the concrete mixer truck 500 and concrete mixing provided by the present invention.
  • the utility of station 600 is not limited to
  • the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are wireless communication modules. More specifically, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are Bluetooth communication modules with stable short-range communication and fast transmission speed. In actual operation, the first signal receiving device 102 can automatically search for other Bluetooth terminal devices, and when the concrete mixer truck 500 with the first signal source 101 is installed within the search range, it is usually within 10 meters.
  • the first signal device 102 is capable of matching the first signal source 101 and receiving the maximum load amount information recorded by the first signal source 101, thereby achieving the object of the present invention.
  • a communication module known in the art such as a GPRS communication module can also be used, and such deformation should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • a wireless identification mode may be employed, that is, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are wireless identification modules. More specifically, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are code recognition modules. Alternatively, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are bar code recognition modules. That is, when the concrete mixer truck 500 approaches the concrete mixing station 400, the first signal receiving device 102 can obtain the maximum load amount information recorded by the first signal source 101 by the identification method. Specifically, in code identification, the first source 101 has a unique code value representative of the maximum load capacity of a particular type of concrete mixer truck 500. In bar code recognition, the first source 101 has a unique bar code representing the maximum load capacity of a particular type of concrete mixer truck 500. The object of the invention can be achieved whether it is a code or a bar code.
  • the present invention can also perform acquisition of the maximum load amount by means of image recognition. That is, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are image recognition modules. At this time, the first signal source 101 may be a certain feature or logo on the concrete mixer truck, and the first signal receiving device 102 may include a camera. The image processing software and the signal processor. In actual operation, the camera can capture the first signal source 101, and the obtained image is processed by the image processing software and the signal processor and then generated to the first controller 103. The object of the invention is achieved.
  • the present invention may be carried out in a wired manner, as the conditions permit. That is, the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 are wired plug-in modules, that is, the two are signal-transmitted through the pluggable data lines.
  • the concrete mixer truck 500 when the concrete mixer truck 500 is in place, the data line is in a connected state, and after the discharging is completed, the data line only needs to be disconnected.
  • the first signal receiving device 102 and the first controller 103 are both mounted on the mixing station 400 to facilitate controlling the amount of discharging of the mixing station 400 based on the signal of the first signal source 101.
  • the first signal receiving device 102 and the first controller 103 in particular the first controller 103, can be arranged at any position capable of completing the control of the dispensing level of the mixing station 400, for example Installed in a mixer truck 500 Also available. Such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
  • the concrete mixer truck After receiving the concrete, the concrete mixer truck transports the concrete to the designated site. During this period, the problem of theft of the material may occur, which may cause unnecessary disputes to the construction site and the mixing station. Therefore, material anti-theft systems are usually installed on concrete mixer trucks to avoid such problems.
  • the present invention provides a material anti-theft system for a concrete mixer truck.
  • the main working principle is: when the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded, by monitoring whether its current position is As the target location, to determine whether the material has been stolen.
  • the material theft prevention system includes a position monitoring system 205 that monitors the current position of the concrete mixer truck 500 and a loading and unloading material monitoring system 204 that monitors the loading and unloading state of the concrete mixer truck 500.
  • the location monitoring system 205 can be a GPS device, that is, a GPS terminal that can monitor the location on the concrete mixer truck 500.
  • the present invention provides a loading and unloading material monitoring method for a concrete mixer truck and a loading and unloading material monitoring system 204 for implementing the monitoring method, wherein the concrete mixer truck includes a mixing drum and a hydraulic system for driving the mixing drum, and the loading and unloading material provided by the present invention
  • the monitoring system 204 includes a first detecting device 201 and a second controller 202 electrically connected to each other.
  • the loading and unloading monitoring method provided by the present invention includes a preset step, a detecting step and a determining step.
  • the preset preset value of the oil pressure in the preset pressure value of the hydraulic system is the initial oil pressure value of the hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck 500 carries the initial amount of concrete, and the initial amount of concrete can be used in the concrete mixer truck 500 after receiving the concrete mixing
  • the amount of concrete after the discharge of the station 600 may also be any amount of concrete before the loading and unloading, and the initial oil pressure value is the hydraulic pressure at which the hydraulic system can drive the mixing drum 501 equipped with the initial amount of concrete.
  • the first detecting means 201 detects the real-time value of the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic system and feeds back the real-time value of the hydraulic pressure to the second controller 202, and in the determining step, the second controller 202 real-time the oil pressure The value is compared with the preset value of the oil pressure.
  • the second controller 202 determines that the concrete mixer truck is unloading, and when the real-time oil pressure value is greater than the preset value of the oil pressure, Then, the second controller 202 can judge that the concrete mixer truck 500 is charged.
  • the present invention can directly know the mixing drum by detecting the hydraulic pressure value of the hydraulic system. 501
  • the amount of concrete inside changes. This is because the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic system is proportional to the amount of concrete in the mixing drum 501, that is, when the oil pressure remains unchanged, it means that the amount of concrete does not change, and it can be judged that the concrete mixer truck has not discharged or charged. .
  • the oil pressure is continuously reduced, it is judged that the concrete in the mixing drum 501 is getting less and less, and it can be judged that the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded, and on the contrary, it can be judged that the concrete mixer truck 500 is charged.
  • the unloading monitoring portion in the loading and unloading monitoring system provided by the present invention described above can be used, and the charging portion can be used for the concrete mixing station 600 described above.
  • the discharge control system for discharging the concrete mixer truck 500 it is possible to know the state of the concrete mixer truck during the charging process. The details are described below.
  • the first detecting means 201 detects the real-time value of the hydraulic pressure output from the hydraulic pump in the hydraulic system. That is, the first detecting means 201 may be a pressure sensor mounted on the pressure control valve of the hydraulic pump. Of course, other means of detecting the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic system as will occur to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • the pressure sensor can be mounted on a hydraulic motor that drives the rotation of the mixing drum 501 or other parts of the hydraulic system, and such changes should also fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned oil pressure preset value includes a first oil pressure preset value
  • the first oil pressure preset value is a hydraulic pressure when the concrete mixer truck 500 is fully loaded.
  • the oil pressure value of the system That is, when the real-time oil pressure value is less than the preset value of the first oil pressure, it can be judged that the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded.
  • the discharge control system when the real-time oil pressure value is equal to the preset value of the first oil pressure, it can be judged that the concrete mixer truck 500 is filled, and the concrete mixing station can be controlled to stop discharging, thereby avoiding material overflow. waste.
  • the concrete mixer truck 500 sometimes has a sudden accident such as a bad car.
  • unloading will also occur at the non-target location. If the unloading is judged to be stolen, the false alarm will be caused. If the driver is evaluated accordingly, the driver will be unfairly evaluated.
  • the preset value of the oil pressure in the second controller 202 further includes a second hydraulic pressure preset value, and the second hydraulic pressure preset value is a hydraulic system when the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded.
  • the oil pressure value that is, the oil pressure value of the hydraulic system when the mixing drum 501 is rotated when there is no concrete in the mixing drum 501. Therefore, when the first detecting device detects When the real-time oil pressure value is equal to the second oil pressure value, the second controller 202 determines that the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is discharged.
  • the material anti-theft system provided by the present invention can judge that the concrete mixer truck 500 has not been stolen, but an emergency unloading occurs. This is because when the material is stolen, all the concrete will not be unloaded and stolen. This is usually the case of emergency discharge. Therefore, the material anti-theft system provided by the invention has higher accuracy and more practicality.
  • the second controller 202 can be installed at the user center where the user is located, and the first detecting device
  • the material anti-theft system further includes a third controller 206 electrically connected to the position monitoring system 205 and the loading and unloading monitoring system 204, respectively, and the third controller is 206 determines whether the concrete mixer truck 500 has been stolen, that is, the third controller 206 is also installed in the user center, and automatically judges according to the monitoring results of the position monitoring system 205 and the loading and unloading monitoring system 204.
  • the material theft prevention system may further include an alarm device 207 controlled by the third controller 206.
  • the third controller 206 determines that the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloading. At this time, the third controller can control the alarm device 207 to perform an alarm, and upload the stolen result of the material to the server for recording as a criterion for evaluating the driver.
  • the third controller 206 does not need to control the alarm device 207 to alarm, but It is possible to record only to prepare the driver for further reasons.
  • the third control 206 can also control the alarm device 207 to cause the user's center to pay attention, but the alarm record can be cancelled at this time, and the driver will not be evaluated as a material stolen record.
  • the alarm device 207 can be a buzzer, a warning light, etc., which are well known in the art, and can also control text reminding in the display screen of the user center. Such an arrangement should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • both the first oil pressure preset value and the second oil pressure preset value may be set to a range value, that is, a reasonable oil can be determined by a plurality of tests by those skilled in the art.
  • the range of pressure values by using the range of oil pressure values, can effectively avoid the problem of inaccurate judgment caused by abnormal oil pressure values caused by fluctuations in the hydraulic system itself.
  • the driver usually reports the situation to the user center, and at this time, it can also be combined with the judgment result of the loading and unloading monitoring system 204 as a basis for further determining whether material theft has occurred. . Therefore, the material anti-theft system provided by the present invention can more accurately judge whether the concrete mixer truck 500 is Whether the material is stolen or not makes the concrete mixer truck using the material anti-theft system more practical.
  • the present invention provides a matching operation method for a concrete mixer truck and a concrete pumping device, and a matching operation system for realizing the matching operation method.
  • the concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete pumping device 400 are matched, that is, concrete agitation
  • the concrete mixer truck material can be removed in time after the material is discharged, and the concrete pumping equipment 400 stops the pumping work at the same time. This ensures that the air pumping equipment 400 is not sucked out and that the efficiency is low. Then, just replace the new concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete pumping equipment to match.
  • the matching operation system provided by the present invention includes a discharge monitoring system 302, wherein the matching operation method provided by the present invention includes a discharging step and a moving step,
  • the unloading step the concrete mixer truck 500 discharges the concrete mixing device 400, and uses the discharge monitoring system 302 to monitor whether the material of the concrete mixer truck is unloaded; in the shifting step, when the unloading monitoring system 302 determines the concrete mixer truck After the material is unloaded, the driver is notified to remove the concrete mixer truck 500 in time.
  • the first detecting device 201 detects the real-time oil pressure value of the hydraulic system and feeds back the second controller 202, and the second controller 202 is pre-set with a second hydraulic pressure preset value, and the second hydraulic pressure preset value.
  • the second controller 202 determines that the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is discharged.
  • the second controller 202 is generally disposed in the user center in the material security system to facilitate the user to manage the concrete mixer truck 500.
  • the second controller is controlled.
  • 202 is disposed on the concrete mixer truck 500 to notify the driver and the like by the alarm device similar to the alarm device 207, so that the concrete mixer truck 500 can be removed and the new concrete mixer truck 500 can be replaced in time.
  • the concrete pumping equipment 400 is matched.
  • the discharge monitoring system 302 includes a second detecting device 303 and a fourth controller 304 that are electrically connected to each other, and in the discharging step, a preset step, a detecting step, and a determining step,
  • the maximum value of the material level difference in the hopper of the concrete pumping device is preset in the fourth controller 304, and the material level difference is when the pumping speed of the concrete pumping device is constant, in the hopper
  • the difference between the preset value of the first material level and the preset value of the second material level, wherein the preset value of the first material level is the material level when the concrete mixer truck is discharging in time, and the preset value of the second material level is the unloading of the concrete mixer truck The material level when the material is not timely.
  • the "concrete mixer truck discharging timely” mentioned here means that when the pumping speed of the concrete pumping device 400 is constant, the unloading of the concrete mixer truck 500 can timely replenish the material level in the hopper 401, and make the material The position is maintained at the first preset level value, and the "concrete mixer truck unloading is not timely" refers to the same pumping speed, in the case that the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is not discharged, the unloading The second preset level value in the hopper 401 cannot be replenished in time, and the second preset level value is smaller than the first preset level value.
  • the "maximum value of the material level difference” refers to the difference between the second predetermined material level value at the critical point at which the unloading is not timely and the material is discharged, and the first predetermined material level value. That is, the preset "level difference maximum value” is the maximum material level difference that can be allowed if the material is not discharged.
  • the second detecting device 303 is used to detect the actual value of the material level in the hopper 401 and fed back to the fourth controller 304, and the fourth controller 304 can pre-determine the actual value of the material level with the first material level. Set the value to make the actual value of the material level difference; and in the judgment step, when the actual value of the material level difference is greater than the maximum value of the material level difference, it indicates that there is no material in the mixing drum 501, and at this time, the fourth controller 304 judges that the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is discharged.
  • the second detecting device 303 can be various material level sensors commonly used in the art, such as an ultrasonic level sensor, a radio frequency admittance sensor, etc., and various selections of the types of the second detecting device 303 should fall within the present invention. In the scope of protection.
  • the material-free time in the detecting hopper 401 is used to determine whether the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded.
  • the discharge monitoring system 302 includes a second detecting device 303, a timer 305 and a fourth controller 304 electrically connected to each other, and includes a preset step, a detecting step and a determining step in the discharging step, in the preset step.
  • the fourth controller 304 presets a maximum value of no material replenishment time in the hopper of the concrete pumping device, and the no material replenishment time is when the pumping speed of the concrete pumping device is constant, and there is no material in the hopper.
  • the second detecting device 303 can detect the presence or absence of material in the hopper and feed back to the fourth controller 304, and the fourth controller 304 controls the timer 305 according to the no-material information in the hopper, the timing The timing information of the device 305 can be fed back to the fourth controller 304.
  • the fourth controller 304 determines the mixing.
  • the concrete mixer truck 500 material is discharged. Therefore, the second embodiment can also achieve monitoring of whether the material of the concrete mixer truck is unloaded, thereby removing the concrete mixer truck 500 in time.
  • the second detection device 303 can be a variety of level sensors.
  • the timer 305 can be a separate component or a component integrated within the fourth controller 304.
  • the unloading monitoring system 302 includes an imaging device 313 and a display device 314 for monitoring whether the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded; the display device 314 is electrically connected to the camera device 313 and displays the camera device. 313 captured video signal.
  • the display device 314 can be installed at any position that can be seen by an operator, and is preferably installed in the cab 503 for timely observation by the driver in the cab. The display device can also timely determine whether the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded.
  • the camera device 313 can be various cameras, cameras, and the like, which are well known in the art. In order to make the detection result more accurate, it is preferable that the image pickup device 313 is installed above the discharge chute 502 of the concrete mixer truck 500, that is, by detecting the discharge condition on the chute 502 to determine whether or not the material is discharged.
  • the camera device 313 can be mounted on the feed hopper 504, the background 505 or the person ladder 506 above the discharge chute 502, and can be mounted to discharge from a plurality of angles. The tank 502 is observed to accurately determine whether the material has been discharged.
  • FIG. 10 the camera device 313 can be various cameras, cameras, and the like, which are well known in the art.
  • the image pickup device 313 is installed above the discharge chute 502 of the concrete mixer truck 500, that is, by detecting the discharge condition on the chute 502 to determine whether or not the material is discharged.
  • the camera device 313 can be mounted on the feed hopper 504, the background 505 or the person ladder 506 above
  • the camera device 313 is two, and is mounted on the feeding hopper 504 and the background 505, respectively.
  • a shield 506 may be attached to the image pickup device 313 to prevent it from being contaminated by concrete.
  • the camera device 313 provided by the present invention can be used for driving safety in addition to monitoring the unloading state.
  • the vehicle tail information can be monitored in real time to ensure safety when reversing.
  • the display device 314 operates only when parking and reversing to ensure that the driver's attention during normal driving is not dispersed by the display device 314, and the safety is high.
  • the unloading monitoring system 302 provided by the present invention can effectively complete the monitoring of whether the material of the concrete mixer truck 500 is unloaded, thereby saving relevant personnel. In the case of this, the matching work of the concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete pumping equipment 400 is ensured.
  • the discharge monitoring system provided by the present invention can control the discharge speed according to the monitoring discharge state, in addition to being able to monitor whether the material is discharged or not, as shown in FIG.
  • the material monitoring system includes an image processing device 309 and a fifth controller 308 that are electrically connected to each other, and the image processing device 309 can acquire the actual value of the material level in the hopper 401 of the concrete pumping device 400 and feed back to the fifth controller 308;
  • the fifth controller 308 pre-sets the maximum value of the material level and the minimum value of the material level. When the actual value of the material level is greater than the maximum value of the material level, it indicates that the hopper 401 is stored.
  • the fifth controller 308 controls the concrete mixer truck 500 to reduce the discharge speed; when the actual value of the material level is less than the minimum value of the material level, indicating that there is a possibility of suction in the pumping device, the fifth controller 308 controls the concrete.
  • the mixer truck 500 increases the discharge speed.
  • the image processing apparatus 309 includes a continuous shooting camera 310, image analysis software 311, and a signal processor 312, which is capable of analyzing images continuously captured by the continuous shooting camera 310, and calculating the output by the signal processor 312. The bit actual value is then fed back to the fifth controller 308.
  • Those skilled in the art can make various changes and substitutions to the image processing apparatus 309, and the scope of the present invention should fall within the scope of the present invention as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved. ,
  • the second detecting device used in the first and second embodiments, for example, a level sensor
  • the second The detection device can also feed back to the fifth controller 308 after acquiring the actual value of the material level, and the fifth controller 305 controls the discharge speed of the concrete mixer truck 500.
  • the matching operation system further includes a matching system 301, which is similar to the concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete mixing station 600.
  • a matching control system is provided which is used to cause the concrete pumping apparatus 400 to identify the concrete mixer truck 500 so as to enable control of the unloading and pumping operations when the mixer truck enters the working position.
  • the matching system 301 includes a second signal source 306 and a second signal receiving device 307, wherein the second signal source 306 is mounted on the concrete mixer truck 500 and records information of the concrete mixer truck 500, such as the model of the mixer truck.
  • the maximum load capacity, the preset pumping speed, and the like; and the second signal receiving device 307 can be mounted on the concrete pumping device 400, which can acquire the above information of the concrete mixer truck 500 recorded by the second signal source 306 to pass the above Automatic information control performs pumping operations to the corresponding pumping equipment.
  • the second signal source 306 and the second signal receiving device 307 are similar to the first signal source 101 and the first signal receiving device 102 provided by the present invention, and the signal transmission can also be performed in a wireless or wired manner.
  • the second signal source 306 and the second signal receiving device 307 are wireless communication modules, and more preferably, the second signal source 306 and the second signal receiving device 307 are Bluetooth communication modules with stable connection and fast transmission speed. .
  • it can also be a GPRS communication module. Such changes are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention can accomplish the purpose of saving relevant personnel in three different working states of the concrete mixer truck 500, and ensure the matching between the concrete mixer truck 500 and the concrete mixing station 600 and the concrete pumping equipment 400. Optimize the material anti-theft monitoring during transportation, therefore, the invention has high practicability and promotion Value.

Abstract

一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控方法,其中混凝土搅拌车(500)包括搅拌筒(501)和驱动该搅拌筒(501)的液压系统,该监控方法包括预设步骤、检测步骤和判断步骤,在预设步骤,预设油压预设值,该油压预设值为混凝土搅拌车(500)承载初始量混凝土时液压系统的初始油压值,在检测步骤,检测液压系统的油压实时值,在判断步骤,将油压实时值与油压预设值进行比较,当油压实时值小于油压预设值时,判断混凝土搅拌车(500)发生卸料;当油压实时值大于油压预设值时,判断混凝土搅拌车(500)发生装料;还提供一种实现该装卸料监控方法的监控系统,一种使用该监控系统的物料防盗系统,一种使用该物料防盗系统的混凝土搅拌车(500)以及一种使用该监控系统的放料控制系统。

Description

放料控制系统、 混凝土搅拌车及其装卸料监控方法、 系统和物料防盗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控领域, 具体地, 涉及一种混凝土搅拌车的装 卸料监控方法、 装卸料监控系统和使用该装卸料监控系统的放料控制系统和混凝土搅拌 车的物料防盗系统, 以及使用该物料防盗系统的混凝土搅拌车。 背景技术
在混凝土搅拌车的工作过程中, 通常包括三种状态, 第一, 混凝土搅拌车需要从混 凝土搅拌站接收放料, 第二, 将混凝土运输到指定工地, 第三, 将混凝土卸出到混凝土 泵送设备, 例如混凝土泵车以用于施工。 目前, 在这三种状态中, 均需要一定数量的操 作人员及时观察例如混凝土搅拌站放料是否过多, 混凝土搅拌车在运输过程中的是否发 生物料被盗, 以及混凝土泵送设备是否发生溢料或吸空等问题, 从而造成相关人员的人 力浪费。 发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控方法, 该装卸料监控方法 能够准确监控混凝土搅拌车是否发生卸料和装料。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控系统, 该装卸料监控系 统能够准确监控混凝土搅拌车是否发生卸料和装料。
本发明的再一目的是提供一种混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统, 该物料防盗系统使用 本发明提供的装卸料监控系统, 能够准确判断混凝土搅拌车是否发生物料被盗。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种混凝土搅拌车, 该混凝土搅拌车包括本发明提供的物 料防盗系统。
本发明的还一目的是提供一种放料控制系统, 该放料控制系统使用本发明提供的装 卸料监控系统
为了实现上述目的, 根据本发明的一个方面, 提供一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控 方法, 所述混凝土搅拌车包括搅拌筒和驱动该搅拌筒的液压系统, 其中, 所述监控方法 包括预设步骤、 检测步骤和判断步骤, 在所述预设步骤中, 预设油压预设值, 该油压预 设值为所述混凝土搅拌车承载初始量混凝土时所述液压系统的初始油压值, 在所述检测 步骤中, 检测所述液压系统的油压实时值, 在所述判断步骤中, 将所述油压实时值与油 压预设值进行比较, 当所述油压实时值小于所述油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 发生卸料; 当所述油压实时值大于所述油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生装料; 优选地, 所述油压预设值包括第一油压预设值, 该第一油压预设值为当所述混凝土 搅拌车满载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车进行装料的情况下, 当所 述油压实时值等于所述第一油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车装满。
优选地, 所述油压预设值包括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土 搅拌车空载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在所述混凝土搅拌车进行卸料的情况下, 当所述 油压实时值等于该第二油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车的物料卸完。
优选地, 在所述检测步骤中, 检测所述液压系统中的液压泵输出的油压实时值。 根据本发明的另一方面, 提供一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控系统, 所述混凝土搅 拌车包括搅拌筒和驱动该搅拌筒的液压系统, 其中, 所述装卸料监控系统包括相互电连 接的第一检测装置和第二控制器, 所述第一检测装置检测所述液压系统的油压实时值并 反馈给所述第二控制器, 所述第二控制器内预设有油压预设值, 该油压预设值为所述混 凝土搅拌车承载初始量混凝土时所述液压系统的初始油压值, 并且所述第二控制器能够 将所述油压实时值与所述油压预设值进行比较, 当所述油压实时值小于所述油压预设值 时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生卸料; 当所述油压实时值大于所述油压预设值时, 判断 所述混凝土搅拌车发生装料。
优选地, 所述第一检测装置检测所述液压系统中的液压泵输出的油压实时值。 优选地, 所述第一检测装置为安装在所述液压泵的压力控制阀上的压力传感器。 优选地, 所述油压预设值包括第一油压预设值, 该第一油压预设值为当所述混凝土 搅拌车满载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车进行装料的情况下, 当所 述油压实时值等于所述第一油压预设值时,所述第二控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车装满。
优选地, 所述油压预设值包括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土 搅拌车空载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车进行卸料的情况下, 当所 述油压实时值等于该第二油压预设值时, 所述第二控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车的物料 卸完。
根据本发明的再一方面, 提供一种混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统, 该物料防盗系统 包括监控所述混凝土搅拌车的当前位置的位置监控系统和监控所述混凝土搅拌车的卸料 状态的装卸料监控系统, 其中, 所述装卸料监控系统为本发明提供的装卸料监控系统, 当所述第二控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生卸料, 且所述位置监控系统所监控的所述 混凝土搅拌车的当前位置与目标位置相异时, 所述物料防盗系统判断所述混凝土搅拌车 发生物料被盗。
优选地, 所述油压预设值包括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土 搅拌车空载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车进行卸料的情况下, 当所 述油压实时值等于该第二油压预设值时, 所述第二控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车的物料 卸完, 当所述第二控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车物料卸完时, 所述物料防盗系统判断所 述混凝土搅拌车未发生物料被盗。
优选地, 所述物料防盗系统包括分别与所述位置监控系统和装卸料监控系统电连接 的所述第三控制器, 并由该第三控制器判断所述混凝土搅拌车是否发生物料被盗。
优选地, 所述物料防盗系统还包括由所述第三控制器控制的报警装置, 当判断所述 混凝土搅拌车发生物料被盗时, 所述第三控制器控制所述报警装置报警。
根据本发明的又一方面, 提供一种混凝土搅拌车, 该混凝土搅拌车包括本发明提供 的混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统。
根据本发明的还一方面, 提供一种放料控制系统, 用于控制混凝土搅拌站向混凝土 搅拌车放料, 其中, 所述放料控制系统包括本发明提供的混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控系 统。
通过上述技术方案, 由于本发明提供的装卸料监控系统和方法采用监控驱动搅拌筒 的液压系统的油压的监控方式, 因此能够更加直接地得知搅拌筒内的混凝土变化量, 从 而得知准确判断混凝土搅拌车是否发生卸料和装料, 从而使得本发明提供的物料防盗系 统、 放料控制系统准确工作, 实用性强。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体 实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1 是本发明提供的混凝土搅拌站向混凝土搅拌车放料的放料控制系统的结构原 图 2是本发明提供的混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统的结构原理图;
图 3是本发明提供的混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统的工作流程图;
图 4是本发明提供的混凝土搅拌车和混凝土泵送设备进行匹配作业的结构示意图; 图 5是本发明提供的匹配作业方法的工作流程图;
图 6是本发明提供的匹配作业系统的第一实施方式和第二实施方式的结构原理图; 图 7是本发明提供的匹配作业系统的第三实施方式的结构原理图;
图 8是本发明提供的匹配作业系统的第四实施方式的结构原理图;
图 9是本发明提供的匹配作业系统的第五实施方式的结构示意图;
图 10是图 4中 A部结构的放大示意图。 附图标记说明
101 第一信号源 102 第一信号接收装置
103 第一控制器
01 第一检测装置 202 第二控制器
04 装卸料监控系统 205 位置监控系统
06 第三控制器 207 报警装置
301 匹配系统 302 卸料监控系统
303 第二检测装置
304 第四控制器 305 计时器
306 第二信号源 307 第二信号接收装置
308 第五控制器 309 图像处理装置
310 连拍照相机 311 图像分析软件
312 信号处理器 313 摄像装置
314 显示装置
00 混凝土泵送设备 401 料斗
500 混凝土搅拌车 501 搅拌筒
502 出料槽 503 驾驶室
504 进料斗 505 后台 506 人梯 507 防护罩
600 混凝土搅拌站 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。 应当理解的是, 此处所描述 的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发明。
在本发明中, 在未作相反说明的情况下, 使用的方位词如 "上、 下、 前、 后"通常 是在本发明提供的混凝土搅拌车正常行驶的情况下定义的, 具体地可参考图 4所示的图 面方式, 其中 "前"为图面方向中的左侧方向, 而 "后"为图面方向的右侧方向。
如图 1至图 9所示, 本发明致力于解决混凝土搅拌车 500在各种工作状态中的存在 占用大量人员的问题, 并且能够满足在混凝土搅拌车 500和混凝土搅拌站 600以及混凝 土泵送设备 400之间的良好匹配, 还能够优化混凝土搅拌车 500在运输过程中的物料被 盗问题。 为了方便说明, 下面分别主要以混凝土搅拌车的三种工作状态, 对本发明进行 详细说明。
[混凝搅拌车和混凝土搅拌站]
如图 1所示, 为了节省在混凝土搅拌车 500接收混凝土搅拌站 600的放料时的观察 人员和控制人员, 以及保证混凝土搅拌车不承载超过最大承载量的混凝土料, 本发明提 供一种控制混凝土搅拌站向混凝土搅拌车放料的放料控制系统, 该放料控制系统包括第 一信号源 101、 第一信号接收装置 102和第一控制器 103, 该第一信号源 101安装在混凝 土搅拌车 500上并记录有该混凝土搅拌车 500的最大承载量, 该第一信号接收装置 102 能够获取第一信号源 101记录的最大承载量,该第一控制器 103和第一信号接收装置 102 电连接, 因此, 第一信号接收装置所接收的混凝土搅拌车 500最大承载量的信息能够反 馈给第一控制器 103,从而使得第一控制器 103能够根据第一信号接收装置 102获取的最 大承载量控制混凝土搅拌站 600向混凝土搅拌车 500的放料量, 使得该放料量小于或等 于最大承载量。 其中, 第一信号接收装置 102可和第一控制器 103均设置在混凝土搅拌 站 600上。 因此, 既能够保证混凝土搅拌站 600的放料量和混凝土搅拌车 500的最大承 载量相匹配, 而且不需设置专门的观察人员和控制人员, 从而提供本发明提供的混凝土 搅拌车 500和混凝土搅拌站 600的实用性。
需要说明的, 能够实现上述技术方案的实施方式有多种, 例如第一信号源 101和第 一信号接收装置 102的种类。 其中为了操作方便, 优选地, 第一信号源 101和第一信号 接收装置 102为无线通讯模块。 更具体地, 第一信号源 101和第一信号接收装置 102为 近距离通讯稳定、传输速度较快的蓝牙通讯模块。在实际工作中, 第一信号接收装置 102 可自动搜索其他蓝牙终端设备, 当安装有第一信号源 101的混凝土搅拌车 500进入搜寻 范围内时, 通常为 10米以内。第一信号装置 102能够和第一信号源 101相互匹配并且接 收该第一信号源 101记录的最大承载量信息, 从而实现本发明的目的。 此处出蓝牙通讯 模块外, 还可以采用例如 GPRS通讯模块等本领域公知的通讯模块, 对于此类变形, 均 应落在本发明的保护范围中。
除上述无线通讯方式外, 还可采用无线识别方式, 即, 第一信号源 101和第一信号 接收装置 102为无线识别模块。 更具体地, 第一信号源 101和第一信号接收装置 102为 编码识别模块。 或者, 第一信号源 101和第一信号接收装置 102为条码识别模块。 即当 混凝土搅拌车 500接近混凝土搅拌站 400后, 第一信号接收装置 102能够通过识别方式 获取第一信号源 101记录的最大承载量信息。 具体地, 在编码识别中, 第一信号源 101 具有代表某一型号混凝土搅拌车 500最大承载量的唯一编码值。 而在条码识别中, 第一 信号源 101则具有代表某一型号混凝土搅拌车 500最大承载量的唯一条码。 无论是编码 或条码均能够实现本发明的目的。
另外,本发明还可采用图像识别的方式进行最大承载量的获取。即,第一信号源 101 和第一信号接收装置 102为图像识别模块, 此时, 第一信号源 101可以为混凝土搅拌车 上的某一特征或标识, 而第一信号接收装置 102可包括照相机、 图像处理软件和信号处 理器, 在实际工作中, 照相机可将第一信号源 101拍摄, 所得到的图像经过图像处理软 件和信号处理器的处理后发生给第一控制器 103, 则同样能够实现本发明的目的。
此外, 除上述无线方式外, 在条件允许的情况, 本发明也可以采用有线方式进行。 艮卩, 第一信号源 101和第一信号接收装置 102为有线插接模块, 即二者通过可插拔的数 据线进行信号传输。 在实际工作中, 当混凝土搅拌车 500就位后, 数据线处于连通状态, 而放料完成后, 则只需将数据线断开即可。
另外, 在本发明的优选实施方式中, 第一信号接收装置 102和第一控制器 103均安 装在搅拌站 400上, 以方便根据第一信号源 101的信号控制搅拌站 400的放料量。 当然 在其他为提及的实施方式中,第一信号接收装置 102和第一控制器 103,尤其是第一控制 器 103则可设置在任意能够完成对搅拌站 400放料量控制的位置,例如安装在搅拌车 500 上也可。 对于此类变形均应落在本发明的保护范围中。
对于上述的各种实施方式, 本领域技术人员还可进行各种能够想到的变形, 只要能 够实现本发明的目的, 均应落在本发明的保护范围中。。
[混凝土搅拌车]
在接收完混凝土后, 混凝土搅拌车将混凝土运输至指定工地, 这期间可能会出现物 料被盗的问题, 从而给工地和搅拌站带来不必要的纠纷。 因此, 混凝土搅拌车上通常设 置有物料防盗系统, 以避免发生此类问题。
如图 2和图 3所示, 本发明提供一种混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统, 在该物料防盗 系统中, 主要工作原理为: 当混凝土搅拌车 500发生卸料后, 通过监控其当前位置是否 为目标位置, 来判断物料是否被盗。 即, 该物料防盗系统包括监控混凝土搅拌车 500的 当前位置的位置监控系统 205和监控混凝土搅拌车 500的装卸料状态的装卸料监控系统 204, 当第二控制器 202判断混凝土搅拌车发生卸料, 且位置监控系统 205所监控的混凝 土搅拌车 500的当前位置与目标位置相异时, 判断混凝土搅拌车 500的物料被盗。其中, 位置监控系统 205可以为 GPS设备,即在混凝土搅拌车 500上安装可监控位置的 GPS终 端。
在上述技术方案中,位置监控系统 205的技术较为成熟,在此不做过多赘述,其中, 如何判断混凝土搅拌车 500的卸料状态成为关键。 因此, 本发明提供一种混凝土搅拌车 的装卸料监控方法和实现该监控方法的装卸料监控系统 204,其中,混凝土搅拌车包括搅 拌筒和驱动该搅拌筒的液压系统, 本发明提供的装卸料监控系统 204包括相互电连接的 第一检测装置 201和第二控制器 202,本发明提供的装卸料监控方法包括预设步骤、检测 步骤和判断步骤, 在预设步骤中, 在第二控制器 202内预设油压预设值, 该油压预设值 为混凝土搅拌车 500承载初始量混凝土时液压系统的初始油压值, 该初始量混凝土可以 为在混凝土搅拌车 500在接收完混凝土搅拌站 600的放料后的混凝土量, 也可以是在进 行装卸料之前的任意混凝土量, 而初始油压值则是液压系统能够驱动装有初始量混凝土 的搅拌筒 501旋转的油压值。 在检测步骤中, 使用第一检测装置 201检测液压系统的油 压实时值并将该油压实时值反馈给第二控制器 202, 并且在判断步骤中, 第二控制器 202 将该油压实时值与油压预设值进行比较, 当油压实时值小于该油压预设值时, 第二控制 器 202判断混凝土搅拌车发生卸料, 当油压实时值大于油压预设值时,则第二控制器 202 可判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生装料。 在本技术方案中, 不同于现有技术中通过检测搅拌筒正反转的方式或卸料操作杆位 置活动位置的方式, 本发明通过检测液压系统的油压值的方式能够直接得知搅拌筒 501 内部的混凝土量的变化。 这是由于液压系统的油压和搅拌筒 501 内的混凝土量成正比关 系, 即该油压保持不变时, 表示混凝土量没有发生变化, 此时可判断混凝土搅拌车没有 发生卸料或装料。 而当油压持续减低时, 则表示判断搅拌筒 501 内的混凝土越来越少, 即可判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生卸料, 相反则可判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生装料。
在此需要说明的是, 在本发明提供的物料防盗系统中, 只需使用上述本发明提供的 装卸料监控系统中的卸料监控部分, 其装料部分则可以用于上述的混凝土搅拌站 600 向 混凝土搅拌车 500放料的放料控制系统中, 以能够得知混凝土搅拌车在装料过程中的状 态。 下面进行详细介绍。
其中, 为了使检测更加方便, 优选地, 第一检测装置 201检测液压系统中的液压泵 输出的油压实时值。 即第一检测装置 201可以为安装在液压泵的压力控制阀上的压力传 感器。 当然, 本领域技术人员所能想到的其他检测液压系统油压的方式同样落在本发明 的保护范围内。 例如压力传感器可安装在驱动搅拌筒 501旋转的液压马达或液压系统的 其他部位, 对于此类改变同样应落在本发明的保护范围中。
另外, 在物料防盗系统中, 为了最大程度地利用混凝土搅拌车, 上述的油压预设值 包括第一油压预设值, 该第一油压预设值为当混凝土搅拌车 500满载时液压系统的油压 值。 即当油压实时值小于该第一油压预设值时, 则可判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生卸料。 而在放料控制系统中, 当油压实时值等于该第一油压预设值时,可判断混凝土搅拌车 500 装料完成, 此时可控制混凝土搅拌站停止放料, 以避免物料外溢造成浪费。
对于本发明提供的物料防盗系统, 其物料防盗的准确性影响和工地的关系和利益, 如果发生误报对用户的影响同样很大。 对此, 需要注重说明的是, 混凝土搅拌车 500在 运输过程中, 有时会发生坏车等突发事故, 此时需要紧急将搅拌筒 501 内的混凝土全部 卸出, 以防止混凝土在搅拌筒 501 内凝固。 此时同样会在非目标位置发生卸料, 如果此 时仍将这种卸料判断为物料被盗, 将造成误报, 如果据此对司机进行考评的话, 将对司 机造成不公平的评价。
因此,为了避免这种情况,第二控制器 202内的油压预设值还包括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当混凝土搅拌车 500空载时液压系统的油压值, 即当搅拌筒 501 内 没有混凝土时, 驱动搅拌筒 501转动时油压系统的油压值。 因此, 当第一检测装置检测 的油压实时值等于该第二油压值时, 第二控制器 202判断混凝土搅拌车 500物料卸完。 此时, 本发明提供的物料防盗系统可判断混凝土搅拌车 500未发生物料被盗, 而是发生 紧急卸料。 这是由于在发生物料被盗时, 不会将全部混凝土卸出盗走, 这时通常为发生 紧急卸料的状况。 从而本发明提供的物料防盗系统的准确性更高, 实用性更强。
在上述技术方案中, 第二控制器 202可安装在用户所在的用户中心, 第一检测装置
201所检测的信息可通过无线通讯方式(例如 GPRS模块等)回传给用户中心的第二控制 器 202,从而判断混凝土搅拌车 500是否发生卸料。为了进一步提升本发明提供的物料防 盗系统的实用性, 优选地, 物料防盗系统还包括分别与位置监控系统 205和装卸料监控 系统 204电连接的第三控制器 206,并由该第三控制器 206判断混凝土搅拌车 500是否发 生物料被盗, 即该第三控制器 206同样安装在用户中心, 并结合位置监控系统 205和装 卸料监控系统 204的监控结果进行自动判断。 其中优选地, 物料防盗系统还可包括由第 三控制器 206控制的报警装置 207。
在具体工作过程中, 当装卸料监控系统 204判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生卸料且未物 料卸完时, 第三控制器 206判断混凝土搅拌车 500发生卸料。 此时, 该第三控制器可控 制报警装置 207进行报警, 并可将该物料被盗结果上传到服务器中记录, 以作为对司机 的考评标准。 另外, 在装卸料监控系统 204判断混凝土搅拌车 500发现卸料且物料卸完 时, 即发生紧急卸料时, 如图 3所示, 第三控制器 206不需控制报警装置 207报警, 而 是可以只进行记录, 以备和司机进一步确定原因。 当然此时第三控制其 206也可控制报 警装置 207报警, 以引起用户中心的人员注意, 但是此时该报警记录可取消, 而不会作 为物料被盗记录对司机进行评价。 对于这些设置方式, 均应落在本发明的保护范围中。 其中, 该报警装置 207可以为本领域公知的蜂鸣器、 警示灯等, 另外还可控制在用户中 心的显示屏幕中进行文字提醒等。 对于此类设置方式均应落在本发明的保护范围中。
另外, 为了使得判断结果更加准确, 可将该第一油压预设值和第二油压预设值均设 置为一个范围值, 即通过本领域技术人员的多次试验可确定一个合理的油压值范围, 通 过使用该油压值范围, 可有效避免液压系统本身发生波动而造成的油压值异常所带来的 判断不准确的问题。
除上述本发明的优选方式外, 如发生紧急卸料, 司机通常会对用户中心汇报情况, 此时也可将其结合上述装卸料监控系统 204的判断结果作为进一步判定是否发生物料被 盗的依据。 因此, 本发明提供的物料防盗系统能够更加准确地判断混凝土搅拌车 500是 否发生物料被盗, 使得使用该物料防盗系统的混凝土搅拌车的实用性更强。
[混凝土搅拌车和混凝土泵送设备]
当混凝土搅拌车 500顺利抵达指定工地后, 会将搅拌筒 500内的混凝土卸给混凝土 泵送设备 400, 例如混凝土泵车中, 以进行施工。在此卸料过程中, 本发明同样能够实现 节省相关人员的目的。 为此, 本发明提供一种混凝土搅拌车和混凝土泵送设备的匹配作 业方法和实现该匹配作业方法的匹配作业系统, 当混凝土搅拌车 500和混凝土泵送设备 400进行匹配作业后, 即混凝土搅拌车 500开始向混凝土泵送设备卸出混凝土后,能够保 证混凝土搅拌车物料卸完后能够及时移走, 混凝土泵送设备 400同时停止泵送工作。 从 而保证不会发生凝土泵送设备 400吸空, 以及效率低下的问题。 然后, 只需更换新的混 凝土搅拌车 500和混凝土泵送设备重新匹配即可。
为了实现这一目的, 如图 4至图 5所示, 在本发明提供的匹配作业系统中包括卸料 监控系统 302, 其中, 本发明提供的匹配作业方法包括卸料步骤和移车步骤, 在卸料步骤 中, 混凝土搅拌车 500向混凝土搅拌设备 400卸料, 并且使用卸料监控系统 302监控混 凝土搅拌车的物料是否卸完; 在移车步骤中, 当卸料监控系统 302判断混凝土搅拌车物 料卸完后, 则通知司机及时移走该混凝土搅拌车 500。
需要说明的是能够完成上述技术方案的实施方式有多种, 在此只介绍其中的四种优 选实施方式, 这四种优选实施方式只用于说明本发明, 并不用于限制本发明。 其中, 在 如图 7所示的第三实施方式中, 所使用的卸料监控系统 302的原理和本发明在物料防盗 系统中使用提供装卸料监控系统 204中的卸料监控部分相同, 均是采用检测驱动搅拌筒 501 的液压系统的油压值的方式进行物料是否卸完的判断。 具体地, 第一检测装置 201 检测液压系统的油压实时值并反馈该第二控制器 202,第二控制器 202内预设有第二油压 预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当混凝土搅拌车 500空载时液压系统的油压值, 当油压实 时值等于该第二油压值时, 第二控制器 202判断混凝土搅拌车 500物料卸完。 另外需要 注意的是, 在物料防盗系统中第二控制器 202通常设置在用户中心以便于用户对混凝土 搅拌车 500进行管理, 而在本实施方式中的匹配作业系统中, 该第二控制其器 202则设 置在混凝土搅拌车 500上即可, 以通过类似于报警装置 207的报警装置及时将判断结果 通知司机等操作人员,从而能够及时移走混凝土搅拌车 500并更换新的混凝土搅拌车 500 和混凝土泵送设备 400匹配。
除该第三实施方式之外, 如图 6所示, 在本发明提供的第一实施方式和第二实施方 式中, 则采用监控混凝土泵送设备的料斗内的混凝土料的监控方式进行。 具体地在第一 实施方式中, 卸料监控系统 302包括相互电连接的第二检测装置 303和第四控制器 304, 而在卸料步骤中, 则包括预设步骤、 检测步骤和判断步骤, 在预设步骤中, 在第四控制 器 304内预设混凝土泵送设备的料斗中的料位差的最大值, 该料位差为在混凝土泵送设 备的泵送速度一定时, 料斗中的第一料位预设值与第二料位预设值之差, 其中第一料位 预设值为混凝土搅拌车卸料及时时的料位, 第二料位预设值为混凝土搅拌车卸料不及时 时的料位。
此处所说提及的 "混凝土搅拌车卸料及时"是指在混凝土泵送设备 400的泵送速度 一定时, 混凝土搅拌车 500的卸料能够及时补充料斗 401 内的料位, 并使得该料位维持 在第一预设料位值上, 而所提及的 "混凝土搅拌车卸料不及时"是指相同泵送速度下, 在混凝土搅拌车 500的物料未卸完的情况中, 其卸料不能够及时补充料斗 401 内的第二 预设料位值, 该第二预设料位值小于第一预设料位值。 因此, "料位差极大值"是指卸料 不及时与物料卸完的临界点上的第二预设料位值与第一预设料位值之差。即,预设的 "料 位差极大值"是在物料未卸完的情况下, 所能够允许的最大料位差。
在检测步骤中, 使用第二检测装置 303检测料斗 401内的料位实际值, 并反馈给第 四控制器 304,该第四控制器 304可通过将该料位实际值与第一料位预设值做差得到料位 差实际值; 并且在判断步骤中, 当料位差实际值大于料位差的最大值时, 则表明搅拌筒 501内无料可放, 此时, 第四控制器 304则判断混凝土搅拌车 500的物料卸完。其中第二 检测装置 303可以为本领域常见的各种料位传感器, 例如超声波料位传感器、 射频导纳 式传感器等, 对与第二检测装置 303的种类的各种选用均应落在本发明的保护范围中。
另外, 还参照图 6所示, 与第一实施方式不同的是, 在本发明提供的第二实施方式 中, 则是采用检测料斗 401内的无物料时间来判定混凝土搅拌车 500是否物料卸完的。 具体地,卸料监控系统 302包括相互电连接的第二检测装置 303、计时器 305和第四控制 器 304, 则在卸料步骤中包括预设步骤、检测步骤和判断步骤, 在预设步骤中, 第四控制 器 304内预设混凝土泵送设备的料斗中的无物料补充时间极大值, 该无物料补充时间为 在混凝土泵送设备的泵送速度一定时, 该料斗内无物料的时间; 在检测步骤中, 第二检 测装置 303能够检测料斗内的有无物料并反馈给第四控制器 304,该第四控制器 304根据 料斗内的无料信息控制计时器 305计时, 该计时器 305的计时信息能够反馈给第四控制 器 304, 当无物料补充时间实际值大于无物料补充时间极大值时,第四控制器 304判断混 凝土搅拌车 500物料卸完。 因此, 第二实施方式同样能够实现对混凝土搅拌车的物料是 否卸完进行监控,从而及时移走该混凝土搅拌车 500。同样该第二检测装置 303可以为各 种料位传感器。 而计时器 305可以为单独部件, 也可以是集成在第四控制器 304内的部 件。
除上述对油压信息、 料斗内的料位信息进行监控外, 如图 8所示, 在本发明的第四 实施方式中, 还可以通过视频监控的方式进行。 具体地, 卸料监控系统 302包括摄像装 置 313和显示装置 314,该摄像装置 313用于监视混凝土搅拌车 500的物料是否卸完;该 显示装置 314与所摄像装置 313电连接并显示该摄像装置 313所拍摄的视频信号。 其中 显示装置 314可安装任意操作人员可以看见的位置, 优选地, 安装在驾驶室 503内, 以 通过驾驶室内的司机进行及时观察显示装置同样能够及时判断混凝土搅拌车 500是否物 料卸完。 具体地, 该摄像装置 313可以为本领域内公知的各种摄像头、 摄像机等。 为了 使得检测结果更加准确,优选地,该摄像装置 313安装在混凝土搅拌车 500的出料槽 502 的上方, 即通过检测出料槽 502上的出料情况判定物料是否卸完。 具体地, 如图 4和图 10所示, 摄像装置 313可安装在出料槽 502上方的进料斗 504、后台 505或人梯 506上, 并且可以安装多个以从多个角度对出料槽 502进行观察, 以准确地判断物料是否卸完。 其中, 作为一种实施例, 如图 10所示中, 摄像装置 313为两个, 并且分别安装在进料斗 504和后台 505上。另外, 由于混凝土搅拌车 500的后部经常进行混凝土进出料作业, 为 了保护摄像装置 313,还可以在摄像装置 313上加装防护罩 506,以避免其被混凝土污染。
另外,本发明提供的摄像装置 313除了能够监控卸料状态外,还可以用于行车安全, 例如可实时监测车尾信息, 保证倒车时的安全。 并且优选地, 显示装置 314只有在驻车 和倒车时才工作, 以保证司机在正常驾驶时的注意力不被显示装置 314分散, 安全性高。
因此, 通过上述四种优选实施方式以及其他未提及的实施方式, 本发明提供的卸料 监控系统 302能够有效完成对混凝土搅拌车 500的物料是否卸完的状态进行监控, 从而 在节省相关人员的情况下, 保证混凝土搅拌车 500和混凝土泵送设备 400的匹配作业。
另外, 如图 5所示, 本发明提供的卸料监控系统除了能够对物料是否卸完进行监控 夕卜, 还可根据监控卸料状态对卸料速度进行控制, 其中如图 9所示, 卸料监控系统包括 相互电连接的图像处理装置 309和第五控制器 308,该图像处理装置 309能够获取混凝土 泵送设备 400的料斗 401 内的料位实际值并反馈给第五控制器 308; 而第五控制器 308 内预设有料位最大值和料位最小值, 当料位实际值大于料位最大值时, 表示料斗 401存 在溢料可能, 则第五控制器 308控制混凝土搅拌车 500降低卸料速度; 当料位实际值小 于料位最小值时,表示泵送设备存在吸空可能,则第五控制器 308控制混凝土搅拌车 500 增加卸料速度。 更具体地, 图像处理装置 309包括连拍照相机 310、 图像分析软件 311 和信号处理器 312, 图像分析软件 311能够对连拍照相机 310连续拍摄的图像进行分析, 并由信号处理器 312计算出料位实际值后反馈给第五控制器 308。其中本领域技术人员能 够对此图像处理装置 309进行各种改变和替换, 只要能够实现本发明的目的, 均应落在 本发明的保护范围中。,
当然, 除上述图像识别的方式外, 为了获得料斗 401内的料位信息, 还可采用与第 一、 第二实施方式中的所使用第二检测装置, 例如料位传感器进行检测, 该第二检测装 置获取料位实际值后同样可以反馈给第五控制器 308,并由第五控制器 305控制混凝土搅 拌车 500的卸料速度。
除上述卸料监控系统 302外,为了进一步提升本发明提供的匹配作业系统的实用性, 优选地, 匹配作业系统还包括匹配系统 301, 该匹配作业系统类似于混凝土搅拌车 500 和混凝土搅拌站 600进行匹配时的放料控制系统, 该匹配系统 301用于使得混凝土泵送 设备 400识别混凝土搅拌车 500,从而能够在搅拌车进入工作位置时,实现控制卸料和泵 送工作。
具体地, 匹配系统 301包括第二信号源 306和第二信号接收装置 307, 其中, 该第 二信号源 306安装在混凝土搅拌车 500上并记录有该混凝土搅拌车 500的信息, 例如搅 拌车型号、 最大承载量、 预设泵送速度等; 而第二信号接收装置 307可安装在混凝土泵 送设备 400上, 其能够获取第二信号源 306记录的混凝土搅拌车 500的上述信息, 以通 过上述信息自动控制向对应的泵送设备进行泵送作业。
其中, 该第二信号源 306和第二信号接收装置 307与本发明提供的第一信号源 101 和第一信号接收装置 102的原理类似, 同样可以采用无线或有线的方式进行信号传输, 其中优选地, 为了方便操作, 第二信号源 306和第二信号接收装置 307为无线通讯模块, 更优选地, 第二信号源 306和第二信号接收装置 307为连接稳定、 传输速度快的蓝牙通 讯模块。 当然也可以为 GPRS通讯模块。 对此类改变, 均应落在本发明的保护范围内。
综上, 本发明能够在混凝土搅拌车 500的三种不同工作状态下, 完成节省相关人员 的目的,并且保证混凝土搅拌车 500与混凝土搅拌站 600、混凝土泵送设备 400之间的匹 配, 还能够优化在运输过程中的物料防盗监控, 因此, 本发明具有较高的实用性和推广 价值。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不限于上述实施 方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简 单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征, 在不矛盾 的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合, 为了避免不必要的重复, 本发明对各种 可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要其不违背本发 明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控方法, 所述混凝土搅拌车包括搅拌筒和驱动该 搅拌筒的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述监控方法包括预设步骤、 检测步骤和判断步骤, 在所述预设步骤中, 预设油压预设值, 该油压预设值为所述混凝土搅拌车承载初始 量混凝土时所述液压系统的初始油压值,
在所述检测步骤中, 检测所述液压系统的油压实时值,
在所述判断步骤中, 将所述油压实时值与油压预设值进行比较, 当所述油压实时值 小于所述油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生卸料; 当所述油压实时值大于所述 油压预设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生装料;
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的装卸料监控方法, 其特征在于, 所述油压预设值包括第 一油压预设值,该第一油压预设值为当所述混凝土搅拌车满载时所述液压系统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车进行装料的情况下, 当所述油压实时值等于所述第一油压预设值 时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车装满。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的装卸料监控方法, 其特征在于, 所述油压预设值包 括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土搅拌车空载时所述液压系统的油 压值, 在所述混凝土搅拌车进行卸料的情况下, 当所述油压实时值等于该第二油压预设 值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车的物料卸完。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的装卸料监控方法, 其特征在于, 在所述检测步骤中, 检 测所述液压系统中的液压泵输出的油压实时值。
5、一种混凝土搅拌车的装卸料监控系统,所述混凝土搅拌车(500)包括搅拌筒(501 ) 和驱动该搅拌筒 (501 ) 的液压系统, 其特征在于, 所述装卸料监控系统 (204) 包括相 互电连接的第一检测装置 (201 ) 和第二控制器 (202),
所述第一检测装置 (201 ) 检测所述液压系统的油压实时值并反馈给所述第二控制 器 (202),
所述第二控制器 (202) 内预设有油压预设值, 该油压预设值为所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 承载初始量混凝土时所述液压系统的初始油压值, 并且所述第二控制器 (202) 能够将所述油压实时值与所述油压预设值进行比较, 当所述油压实时值小于所述油压预 设值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500)发生卸料; 当所述油压实时值大于所述油压预设 值时, 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 发生装料。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的装卸料监控系统, 其特征在于, 所述第一检测装置(201 ) 检测所述液压系统中的液压泵输出的油压实时值。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的装卸料监控系统, 其特征在于, 所述第一检测装置(201 ) 为安装在所述液压泵的压力控制阀上的压力传感器。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的装卸料监控系统, 其特征在于, 所述油压预设值包括第 一油压预设值, 该第一油压预设值为当所述混凝土搅拌车(500)满载时所述液压系统的 油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车 (500)进行装料的情况下, 当所述油压实时值等于所述 第一油压预设值时, 所述第二控制器 (202) 判断所述混凝土搅拌车装满。
9、 根据权利要求 5或 8所述的装卸料监控系统, 其特征在于, 所述油压预设值包 括第二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土搅拌车(500)空载时所述液压系 统的油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车 (500)进行卸料的情况下, 当所述油压实时值等于 该第二油压预设值时, 所述第二控制器 (202) 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 的物料卸
10、 一种混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统, 该物料防盗系统包括监控所述混凝土搅拌 车 (500) 的当前位置的位置监控系统 (205)和监控所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 的卸料状 态的装卸料监控系统 (204), 其特征在于, 所述装卸料监控系统 (204) 为根据权利要求 5-7 中任意一项所述的装卸料监控系统 (204), 当所述第二控制器 (202) 判断所述混凝 土搅拌车发生卸料, 且所述位置监控系统 (205 ) 所监控的所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 的 当前位置与目标位置相异时, 所述物料防盗系统判断所述混凝土搅拌车(500)发生物料 被盗。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的物料防盗系统, 其特征在于, 所述油压预设值包括第 二油压预设值, 该第二油压预设值为当所述混凝土搅拌车(500)空载时所述液压系统的 油压值, 在对所述混凝土搅拌车 (500)进行卸料的情况下, 当所述油压实时值等于该第 二油压预设值时, 所述第二控制器 (202) 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 的物料卸完, 当所述第二控制器 (202) 判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 物料卸完时, 所述物料防盗系 统判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 未发生物料被盗。
12、 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的物料防盗系统, 其特征在于, 所述物料防盗系统 包括分别与所述位置监控系统 (205) 和装卸料监控系统 (204) 电连接的所述第三控制 器 (206), 并由该第三控制器 (206)判断所述混凝土搅拌车 (500) 是否发生物料被盗。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的物料防盗系统, 其特征在于, 所述物料防盗系统还包 括由所述第三控制器(206)控制的报警装置 (207), 当判断所述混凝土搅拌车发生物料 被盗时, 所述第三控制器 (206) 控制所述报警装置 (207) 报警。
14、 一种混凝土搅拌车, 其特征在于, 该混凝土搅拌车包括根据权利要求 10-13中 任意一项所述的混凝土搅拌车的物料防盗系统。
15、 一种放料控制系统, 用于控制混凝土搅拌站 (600) 向混凝土搅拌车 (500) 放 料, 其特征在于, 所述放料控制系统包括权利要求 5-8 中任意一项所述的混凝土搅拌车 的装卸料监控系统。
PCT/CN2012/086056 2012-08-10 2012-12-06 放料控制系统、混凝土搅拌车及其装卸料监控方法、系统和物料防盗系统 WO2014023073A1 (zh)

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