WO2014015818A1 - 一种环保型建材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种环保型建材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014015818A1
WO2014015818A1 PCT/CN2013/080141 CN2013080141W WO2014015818A1 WO 2014015818 A1 WO2014015818 A1 WO 2014015818A1 CN 2013080141 W CN2013080141 W CN 2013080141W WO 2014015818 A1 WO2014015818 A1 WO 2014015818A1
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Prior art keywords
parts
building material
sawdust
sulfuric acid
concentrated sulfuric
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PCT/CN2013/080141
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄东明
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福建省卓隆建材科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2014015818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014015818A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of building materials, in particular to an environment-friendly building material and a preparation method thereof.
  • MDF is a kind of MDF, which is made of wood fiber or other plant fiber, which is crushed, separated by fiber, dried and then coated with urea-formaldehyde resin or other suitable adhesive, and then hot pressed.
  • the density is generally in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 g/cm 3 and the thickness is generally 3 to 30 mm.
  • the fiberboard has a uniform structure and high bonding strength between the fibers, so its static bending strength, plane tensile strength and elastic modulus are good.
  • the holding screw force is stronger than the particle board; the surface of the fiberboard is smooth and smooth, and it is easy to glue the planing materials such as thin wood and tissue paper, and it is easy to paint and save the coating; the medium density fiberboard can produce plates from a few millimeters to several tens of millimeters thick. It can replace wood and square materials of any thickness and has good machinability. Therefore, MDF has been widely used. However, some MDFs rely on formaldehyde for bonding. Although the aired sheets can eliminate formaldehyde, some products have a very high formaldehyde content and are harmful to humans. In addition, since the MDF is a log milled fiber, the structure of the wood is completely changed, so moisture absorption, water absorption performance, and thickness expansion ratio are high. Therefore, its use environment is limited.
  • a board mainly made of inorganic materials such as a glass magnesium board, whose main components are magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride (at least 60% or more).
  • the surface of the board absorbs moisture in the air to cause surface moisture, and then hangs. Full of water beads, even the water droplets form a rogue phenomenon, this is the so-called "returning halogen" phenomenon; when the air humidity becomes lower, the surface moisture of the product evaporates correspondingly, leaving the white spots of the streaks called frost.
  • Back-halogen and pan-frost are major quality defects of magnesium products, which will reduce the strength and waterproof and moisture-proof performance; affect the decorative performance, causing the facing materials to fall off; affecting the appearance.
  • a building material which is prepared by the following components by weight ratio:
  • the sawdust has a moisture content of less than 10%.
  • the sawdust has a moisture content of 8-10%.
  • a method for preparing a building material comprising the following steps:
  • the mixer speed of step (4) is from 1000 to 5000 rpm.
  • the mixing temperature of step (4) is controlled at 15-35 °C.
  • the hot press forming temperature of step (6) is 180-200 ° C and the pressure is 1500-2300 T.
  • the sawdust of the present invention can be derived from furniture factory scraps, wood processing plants, and the like.
  • the sawdust is a base material; magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride are used as a glue to replace the binder such as formaldehyde, and have a fireproof effect; sulfuric acid can prevent the phenomenon of "returning halogen”; the paraffin wax acts as a waterproof.
  • the product has no "back to halogen", "Pan frost” phenomenon, waterproof, fireproof, anti-corrosion, anti-mite, formaldehyde-free volatilization, heat insulation, sound insulation effect, anti-pressure resistance exceeds national standards.
  • the product of the invention can replace materials such as MDF and plywood, and can be used as building materials for wood floors, partition boards, window frames, door panels and furniture boards. The product can be drilled, nailed, easy to cut, the surface layer can be painted, and the veneer performance is good.
  • Hot press forming temperature 180-200 ° C, pressure 1500T.
  • the plate of the first embodiment of the present invention was taken and placed under a flame for 10 minutes, and the plate was not fired; the surface of the product was only partially blackened and the degree was shallow; and then placed in boiling water of 100 ° C for 5 hours.
  • the plate does not become soft except for the darkening of the color, and maintains a complete shape.
  • the invention relates to an environment-friendly building material and a preparation method thereof, and the raw materials thereof include: sawdust, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, concentrated sulfuric acid and paraffin wax, and the products can replace materials such as MDF and plywood, and the performance is superior.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种环保型建材及其制备方法，按重量比，该建材主要由以下成分制备而成：锯末70-90份；氧化镁10-15份；氯化镁5-10份；85%以上的浓硫酸1-2份；以及石蜡1-2份。方法包括选料、热磨、干燥、混合、铺装、热压成型。本发明产品可以取代中纤板、三合板等材料，且性能更加优越。

Description

一种环保型建材及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，具体地涉及一种环保型建材及其制备方法。
背景技术
中纤板是密度板一种，以木质纤维或其他植物纤维为原料，经打碎、纤维分离、干燥后施加脲醛树脂或其他适用的胶粘剂，再经热压后制成的一种人造板材。其密度一般在0.5－0.8克/厘米3范围，厚度一般为3－30毫米。纤维板组织均匀，纤维间的胶合强度高，故它的静曲强度、平面抗拉强度、弹性模数好。握螺钉力等比刨花板强；纤维板表面平整、光滑、便于胶粘刨制薄木和薄页纸等饰面材料，且便于涂饰和节约涂料；中密度纤维板可以生产从几毫米到几十毫米厚板材，可以代替任意厚度的木板、方材，且具有良好的机械加工性能。因此，中纤板得到了广泛的应用。然而，部分中纤板的依靠甲醛来粘合，虽然经过晾置过后的板材可消除甲醛，但一些产品的甲醛的含量还是非常高，对人的身体危害也很大。另外，因为中纤板是原木磨成纤维，完全改变了木材的结构，所以吸湿、吸水性能、厚度膨胀率较高。因此，其使用环境有限制。
主要由无机材料制作的板，例如玻镁板，其主要成分为氧化镁和氯化镁（至少60%以上），在空气湿度较大时，板的表面吸收空气中的水分而产生表面潮湿，进而挂满水珠，甚至出现水珠连成一片形成流淌现象，这就是所谓的“返卤”现象；当空气湿度变低，制品表面水分相应地蒸发，留下斑斑白迹即所谓泛霜。返卤、泛霜是镁质制品的重大质量缺陷，会造成降低强度与防水防湿性能；影响装饰性能，造成饰面材料脱落；影响外观。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种建材，以解决现有技术中存在的上述问题。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种建材，按重量比，主要由以下成分制备而成：
锯末 70-90份； 氧化镁 10-15份；
氯化镁5-10份； 85%以上的浓硫酸1-2份；以及
石蜡1-2份。
在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述锯末的含水率低于10%。
在本发明的较佳实施例中，所述锯末的含水率为8-10%。
一种建材的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
（1）锯末选料；
（2）热磨；
（3）干燥：采用烘干机将锯末的含水量降至含水量低于10%；
（4）混合：干燥后的锯末70-90份；氧化镁10-15份；氯化镁5-10份；加浓度85%以上的浓硫酸1-2份，浓硫酸与氧化镁和氯化镁先混合，再与锯末混合，再加石蜡1-2份，混合器混合，搅拌均匀；
（5）铺装；
（6）热压成型。
在本发明的较佳实施例中，步骤（4）的混合器转速为1000-5000r。
在本发明的较佳实施例中，步骤（4）的混合温度控制在15-35℃。
在本发明的较佳实施例中，步骤（6）的热压成型温度为180-200℃，压力为压力为1500-2300T。
本发明的锯末可以来自家具厂下脚料、木材加工厂等。
在本发明中，锯末为基料；氧化镁和氯化镁作为胶合作用，取代甲醛等粘合剂、且具有防火作用；硫酸可以防止“返卤”现象；石蜡起防水作用。综合之后，产品无“返卤”、 “泛霜”现象、防水、防火、防腐、防蛀、无甲醛挥发、隔热、隔音效果强，抗压抗着超过国家标准。本发明产品可以取代中纤板、三合板等材料，可作为木地板、隔墙板、窗框、门板等建材以及家具用板。产品可钻、可钉、易切割、面层可油漆、贴面性能好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
锯末 80份； 氧化镁 12份；
氯化镁8份； 85%以上的浓硫酸1.5份；以及
石蜡1.5份。
（1）选料：锯末
（2）热磨：采用热磨机进行，为通用技术，操作与中纤板相同；
（3）干燥：将锯末烘干至含水量约8-10%；
（4）混合：浓硫酸与氧化镁和氯化镁先混合，搅拌均匀；再与锯末、石蜡，通过转速为3500r、叶片半径为80公分的高速混合器混合，搅拌均匀，温度控制在15-35℃；
（5）铺装；
（6）热压成型，温度180-200℃，压力1500T。
实施例2
锯末 90份； 氧化镁 10份；
氯化镁10份； 85%以上的浓硫酸2份；以及
石蜡2份。
除以上配比不同外，其余操作与实施例1相同。
实施例3
锯末 70份； 氧化镁 15份；
氯化镁5份； 85%以上的浓硫酸1份；以及
石蜡1份。
除以上配比不同外，其余操作与实施例1相同。
对比实施例
市购某品牌的中纤板，将其置于火焰下10分钟，中纤板直接被火点燃；灭火之后，产品表面全面变深黑色；再将其置入100℃沸水中煮5h, 该中纤板发软，且断裂。
同等条件下，取本发明实施例1的板，将其置于火焰下10分钟，板不起火；产品表面仅局部发黑，且程度较浅；再将其置入100℃沸水中煮5h, 该板除颜色变深之外，不发软，且保持完整形态。
上述仅为本发明的一个具体实施例，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护范围的行为。
工业实用性
本发明一种环保型建材及其制备方法，其原料包括：锯末、氧化镁、氯化镁、浓硫酸以及石蜡，制的产品可以取代中纤板、三合板等材料，且性能更加优越。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种建材，按重量比，主要由以下成分制备而成：
    锯末 70-90份； 氧化镁 10-15份；
    氯化镁5-10份； 85%以上的浓硫酸1-2份；以及
    石蜡1-2份。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种建材，其特征在于：所述锯末的含水率低于10%。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种建材，其特征在于：所述锯末的含水率为8-10%。
  4. 一种建材的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    （1）锯末选料；
    （2）热磨；
    （3）干燥：采用烘干机将锯末的含水量降至含水量低于10%；
    （4）混合：干燥后的锯末70-90份；氧化镁10-15份；氯化镁5-10份；加浓度85%以上的浓硫酸1-2份，浓硫酸与氧化镁和氯化镁先混合，再与锯末混合，再加石蜡1-2份，混合器混合，搅拌均匀；
    （5）铺装；
    （6）热压成型。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种建材的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）的混合器转速为1000-5000r。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种建材的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（4）的混合温度控制在15-35℃。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种建材的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤（6）的热压成型温度为180-200℃，压力为1500-2300T。
PCT/CN2013/080141 2012-07-26 2013-07-25 一种环保型建材及其制备方法 WO2014015818A1 (zh)

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CN106630917A (zh) * 2016-09-22 2017-05-10 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 一种菱镁砖坯的制备方法及所制备的砖坯
CN114103300A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-03-01 矩匠(北京)科技有限公司 一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材

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CN102745974A (zh) * 2012-07-26 2012-10-24 福建省卓隆建材科技有限公司 一种环保型建材及其制备方法
CN104016655A (zh) * 2014-04-19 2014-09-03 徐高强 一种玻镁板及其制备方法
CN105330188A (zh) * 2015-10-13 2016-02-17 山东省建筑科学研究院 一种硫氧镁胶凝材料早强剂及其应用
CN110790562A (zh) * 2019-10-10 2020-02-14 陈发江 一种实木制防尘净味花盆及其制备方法、应用
KR102197666B1 (ko) * 2019-10-29 2020-12-31 (주)티케이이엔에스 내방출성 경질 흡습제 조성물 및 이를 포함하는 흡습제품
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CN106630917A (zh) * 2016-09-22 2017-05-10 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 一种菱镁砖坯的制备方法及所制备的砖坯
CN106630917B (zh) * 2016-09-22 2019-09-24 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 一种菱镁砖坯的制备方法及所制备的砖坯
CN114103300A (zh) * 2022-01-25 2022-03-01 矩匠(北京)科技有限公司 一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材

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