CN114103300A - 一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材 - Google Patents

一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材 Download PDF

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CN114103300A
CN114103300A CN202210082874.0A CN202210082874A CN114103300A CN 114103300 A CN114103300 A CN 114103300A CN 202210082874 A CN202210082874 A CN 202210082874A CN 114103300 A CN114103300 A CN 114103300A
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China
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layer
board
glass magnesium
magnesium
glass
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黄国涛
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Rectangular Craftsman Beijing Technology Co ltd
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Rectangular Craftsman Beijing Technology Co ltd
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    • B32B13/02—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材，制备方法包括以下步骤：S101、面层原料准备；S102、中间层准备；S103、面层原料混制；S104、板材制备。本发明通过在成型的玻镁板复合板材上下表面再粘接表面装饰层，能够具备精美的外观，供消费者挑选；具有的阻燃、零醛、耐腐蚀、吸声、防震、防虫、防腐、无毒无味无污染的功效，可直接喷涂油漆、直接贴面，可用排气钉、直接安装瓷砖，表面有较好的着色性，强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘，装修方便等特点；通过上下玻镁板层一体成型，避免了由于粘合剂粘接，即使长期使用也不会与中间层分离，使用寿命长。

Description

一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材
技术领域
本发明涉及复合板材制备技术领域，尤其涉及一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法及复合板材。
背景技术
随着国内外大量木制品的广泛应用，木材尤其是名贵木材被大量地消耗，为解决供需关系，市场出现由多层速生木种经黏合剂粘结而形成的板材，可用于家具、地板及墙板的加工。但是现有的玻镁板重量大，不易做厚，板脆易破损不易运输，没有回弹性，握钉力差的缺点，现有专利一专利号为CN108016094A 的一种三层无机复合板材，其各个板材之间通过粘合剂进行粘接，一方面不环保，而且制备工艺也较为繁琐，另一方面由于是通过粘合剂粘接，因为长期使用时容易脱胶分离，从而影响其使用寿命，因此需要一种新型的复合板材来解决这些问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型玻镁板复合板材，解决了背景技术中存在的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S101、面层原料准备：准备好如下重量份的原料：高纯氧化镁50-80份、优质氯化镁40-45份、抗碱玻纤布15-18份、植物纤维18-22份、不燃质轻的珍珠岩10-13份、化学稳定立德粉9-12份、高分子聚合物22-26份、高性能改性剂15-20份；
S102、中间层准备：采用木皮、多层木板或PVC三种材料中的任意一种作为中间层，并在中间层的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔201；
S103、面层原料混制：先将重量份的高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁投入卤水搅拌池，用水充分溶解，调整至使用波美度，静置约24小时，然后将重量份的抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物和高性能改性剂加入到熔接液中，然后得到用于制作第一玻镁板层和第二玻镁板层的面层原料；
S104、板材制备：将步骤S103制得的面层原料涂刷在中间层的上下两侧，并使面层原料贯穿通孔，得到复合板料，采用自然成型或者采用压力机热压成型，若采用压力机热压成型，压力5KN、温度控制在50℃以内、热压20min，成型后得到玻镁板复合板材，玻镁板复合板材由中间层和位于中间层上下两侧且一体成型的第一玻镁板层及第二玻镁板层组成。
进一步的，步骤S102的中间层开设有粘接槽孔，粘接槽孔位于通孔的上下两端的中间层上，粘接槽孔的直径大于通孔直径，粘接槽孔的底部经过拉毛处理。
优选的，还包括步骤S105、粘接表面装饰层，若采用三聚氰胺装饰纸作为表面装饰层，则通过高温压贴的方式将三聚氰胺装饰纸贴合在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧；若采用PVC膜或木皮或其他替代材料作为表面装饰层，则在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧涂刷粘合剂并粘接上PVC膜或木皮。
优选的，所述高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁的粒径均不大于80目，高性能改性剂选用菱镁硫镁改性剂，植物纤维选优韧皮纤维。
进一步的，所述步骤S103中的波美度控制在20-26，步骤S104和步骤S105均在成型框中进行。
进一步的，所述步骤S103需经过一次固化、脱模、二次固化养护和浸泡作业，浸泡过程包括如下步骤：
S201、板材固化7天以后，温度降至室温，装架浸泡，装架时要轻拿轻放，注意保护板材；
S202、浸泡要做到按批次先出先泡，每池放满4个架子后方可进行下一池的浸泡；
S203、检查每次泡完水的含镁量，不得超过3度，超过3度则必须换水，浸泡12-16小时；
S204、晾晒烘干，将晾干或烘干的板材，收起码放整齐，放入收板区；
S205、切割下料即得到成品板材。
优选的，一次固化车间温度控制在10-35℃，相对湿度在50%-75%之间。
进一步的，新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法制得的玻镁板复合板材，包括第一玻镁板层、中间层和第二玻镁板层，第一玻镁板层设置在中间层的上方，第二玻镁板层设置在所述中间层的下方，中间层的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔，第一玻镁板层和第二玻镁板层通过通孔一体设置在中间层的上下表面。
进一步的， 位于通孔的上下两端的中间层上开设有粘接槽孔，粘接槽孔的直径大于通孔直径。
进一步的，所述第一玻镁板层上方设置有第一表面装饰层，第二玻镁板层下方设置有第二表面装饰层。
与现有技术比较，本发明通过在中间层的上下表面开设通孔，将玻镁面层原料覆盖在中间层的上下表面，并通过通孔使得上下玻镁面层原料一体成型；通过在成型的玻镁板复合板材上下表面再粘接表面装饰层，能够具备精美的外观，供消费者挑选；表面装饰层采用高温压贴三聚氰胺装饰纸或者粘贴PVC膜、木皮及其他替代材料；形成新型的复合板材，可应用于家具板、装饰板及墙板、地板等。新型复合板材具有玻镁板所具有的阻燃、零醛、耐腐蚀、吸声、防震、防虫、防腐、无毒无味无污染的功效，可直接喷涂油漆、直接贴面，可用排气钉、直接安装瓷砖，表面有较好的着色性，强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘，装修方便等特点，同时又解决了玻镁板重量大，不易做厚，板脆易破损不易运输，没有回弹性，握钉力差等缺点；通过上下玻镁板层一体成型，避免了由于粘合剂粘接，即使长期使用也不会与中间层分离，使用寿命长。
附图说明
图1为本发明的组成结构图；
图2中本发明中中间层在通孔部位的局部剖视图；
图中：1、第一玻镁板层；2、中间层；201、通孔；202、粘接槽孔；3、第二玻镁板层；4、第一表面装饰层；5、第二表面装饰层。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，以下实施例中所用的有机溶剂或试剂，如无特殊说明，均为常规生化试剂；实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
一种新型玻镁板复合板材，包括以下步骤：
S101、面层原料准备：准备好如下重量份的原料：高纯氧化镁50-80份、优质氯化镁40-45份、抗碱玻纤布15-18份、植物纤维18-22份、不燃质轻的珍珠岩10-13份、化学稳定立德粉9-12份、高分子聚合物22-26份、高性能改性剂15-20份；
S102、中间层准备：采用木皮、多层木板或PVC三种材料中的任意一种作为中间层，并在中间层的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔201；
S103、面层原料混制：先将重量份的高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁投入卤水搅拌池，用水充分溶解，调整至使用波美度，静置约24小时，然后将重量份的抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物和高性能改性剂加入到熔接液中，然后得到用于制作第一玻镁板层1和第二玻镁板层3的面层原料；
S104、板材制备：将步骤S103制得的面层原料涂刷在中间层2的上下两侧，并使面层原料贯穿通孔201，得到复合板料，采用自然成型或者采用压力机热压成型，若采用压力机热压成型，压力5KN、温度控制在50℃以内、热压20min，成型后得到玻镁板复合板材，玻镁板复合板材由中间层和位于中间层上下两侧且一体成型的第一玻镁板层1及第二玻镁板层3组成。
本实施例中，步骤S102的中间层开设有粘接槽孔202，粘接槽孔202位于通孔201的上下两端的中间层上，粘接槽孔202的直径大于通孔201直径，粘接槽孔202的底部经过拉毛处理。
本实施例中，还包括步骤S105、粘接表面装饰层，若采用三聚氰胺装饰纸作为表面装饰层，则通过高温压贴的方式将三聚氰胺装饰纸贴合在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧；若采用PVC膜或木皮或其他替代材料作为表面装饰层，则在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧涂刷粘合剂并粘接上PVC膜或木皮。
本实施例中，高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁的粒径均不大于80目，高性能改性剂选用菱镁硫镁改性剂，植物纤维选优韧皮纤维。
本实施例中，步骤S103中的波美度控制在20-26，步骤S104和步骤S105均在成型框中进行。
本实施例中，步骤S103需经过一次固化、脱模、二次固化养护和浸泡作业，浸泡过程包括如下步骤：
S201、板材固化7天以后，温度降至室温，装架浸泡，装架时要轻拿轻放，注意保护板材；
S202、浸泡要做到按批次先出先泡，每池放满4个架子后方可进行下一池的浸泡；
S203、检查每次泡完水的含镁量，不得超过3度，超过3度则必须换水，浸泡12-16小时；
S204、晾晒烘干，将晾干或烘干的板材，收起码放整齐,放入收板区；
S205、切割下料即得到成品板材。
优选的，一次固化车间温度控制在10-35℃，相对湿度在50%-75%之间。
本实施例中，如图1-2所示，新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法制得的玻镁板复合板材，包括第一玻镁板层1、中间层2和第二玻镁板层3，第一玻镁板层1设置在中间层2的上方，第二玻镁板层3设置在中间层2的下方，中间层2的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔201，第一玻镁板层1和第二玻镁板层3通过通孔201一体设置在中间层2的上下表面。
进一步的， 位于通孔201的上下两端的中间层2上开设有粘接槽孔202，粘接槽孔202的直径大于通孔201直径。
进一步的，第一玻镁板层1上方设置有第一表面装饰层4，第二玻镁板层3下方设置有第二表面装饰层5。
本实施例中，通过热压或者胶粘剂的方法在板芯表面蹭加三聚氰胺装饰纸面层或者天然木皮面层，使用美观，可以代替传统的木工板及PVC挤塑板等材料。
本实施例中，通过将玻镁板组成材料均匀铺到木皮上下，行成木皮、多层木板或PVC作为中间层，上下为玻镁阻燃板的一种新型板材，中间层的上下表面开设通孔，将玻镁面层原料覆盖在中间层的上下表面，并通过通孔使得上下玻镁面层原料一体成型；通过在成型的玻镁板复合板材上下表面再粘接表面装饰层，能够具备精美的外观，供消费者挑选；表面装饰层采用高温压贴三聚氰胺装饰纸或者粘贴PVC膜、木皮及其他替代材料；形成新型的复合板材，可应用于家具板、装饰板及墙板、地板等。新型复合板材具有玻镁板所具有的阻燃、零醛、耐腐蚀、吸声、防震、防虫、防腐、无毒无味无污染的功效，可直接喷涂油漆、直接贴面，可用排气钉、直接安装瓷砖，表面有较好的着色性，强度高、耐弯曲有韧性、可钉、可锯、可粘，装修方便等特点，同时又解决了玻镁板重量大，不易做厚，板脆易破损不易运输，没有回弹性，握钉力差等缺点；通过上下玻镁板层一体成型，避免了由于粘合剂粘接，即使长期使用也不会与中间层分离，使用寿命长。
本实施例中，中间层2与第一玻镁板层1以及第二玻镁板层3通过渗透在通孔201内部的玻镁板料融合在一起，可以解决了现有的采用粘接剂粘接时绿色环保的问题，同时缩短制备工艺步骤，提高效率。
以上对本发明所提供的一种新型玻镁板复合板材进行了详细介绍。本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S101、面层原料准备：准备好如下重量份的原料：高纯氧化镁50-80份、优质氯化镁40-45份、抗碱玻纤布15-18份、植物纤维18-22份、不燃质轻的珍珠岩10-13份、化学稳定立德粉9-12份、高分子聚合物22-26份、高性能改性剂15-20份；
S102、中间层准备：采用木皮、多层木板或PVC三种材料中的任意一种作为中间层，并在中间层的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔（201）；
S103、面层原料混制：先将重量份的高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁投入卤水搅拌池，用水充分溶解，调整至使用波美度,静置约24小时，然后将重量份的抗碱玻纤布、植物纤维、不燃质轻的珍珠岩、化学稳定立德粉、高分子聚合物和高性能改性剂加入到熔接液中，然后得到用于制作第一玻镁板层（1）和第二玻镁板层（3）的面层原料；
S104、板材制备：将步骤S103制得的面层原料涂刷在中间层（2）的上下两侧，并使面层原料贯穿通孔（201），得到复合板料，采用自然成型或者采用压力机热压成型，若采用压力机热压成型，压力5KN、温度控制在50℃以内、热压20min，成型后得到玻镁板复合板材，玻镁板复合板材由中间层和位于中间层上下两侧且一体成型的第一玻镁板层（1）及第二玻镁板层（3）组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：步骤S102的中间层开设有粘接槽孔（202），粘接槽孔（202）位于通孔（201）的上下两端的中间层上，粘接槽孔（202）的直径大于通孔（201）直径，粘接槽孔（202）的底部经过拉毛处理。
3.根据权利要求1所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：还包括步骤S105、粘接表面装饰层，若采用三聚氰胺装饰纸作为表面装饰层，则通过高温压贴的方式将三聚氰胺装饰纸贴合在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧；若采用PVC膜或木皮或其他替代材料作为表面装饰层，则在步骤S104制得的玻镁板复合板材上下两侧涂刷粘合剂并粘接上PVC膜或木皮。
4.根据权利要求3所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：所述高纯氧化镁和优质氯化镁的粒径均不大于80目，高性能改性剂选用菱镁硫镁改性剂，植物纤维选优韧皮纤维。
5.根据权利要求3所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S103中的波美度控制在20-26，步骤S104和步骤S105均在成型框中进行。
6.根据权利要求3所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤S103需经过一次固化、脱模、二次固化养护和浸泡作业，浸泡过程包括如下步骤：
S201、板材固化7天以后，温度降至室温，装架浸泡，装架时要轻拿轻放，注意保护板材；
S202、浸泡要做到按批次先出先泡，每池放满4个架子后方可进行下一池的浸泡；
S203、检查每次泡完水的含镁量，不得超过3度，超过3度则必须换水，浸泡12-16小时；
S204、晾晒烘干，将晾干或烘干的板材，收起码放整齐，放入收板区；
S205、切割下料即得到成品板材。
7.根据权利要求3所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法，其特征在于：一次固化车间温度控制在10-35℃，相对湿度在50%-75%之间。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的新型玻镁板复合板材制备方法制得的玻镁板复合板材，其特征在于：包括第一玻镁板层（1）、中间层（2）和第二玻镁板层（3），第一玻镁板层（1）设置在中间层（2）的上方，第二玻镁板层（3）设置在所述中间层（2）的下方，中间层（2）的上下表面之间开设有均匀分布的通孔（201），第一玻镁板层（1）和第二玻镁板层（3）通过通孔（201）一体设置在中间层（2）的上下表面。
9.根据权利要求8所述的玻镁板复合板材，其特征在于：位于通孔（201）的上下两端的中间层（2）上开设有粘接槽孔（202），粘接槽孔（202）的直径大于通孔（201）直径。
10.根据权利要求8所述的玻镁板复合板材，其特征在于：所述第一玻镁板层（1）上方设置有第一表面装饰层（4），第二玻镁板层（3）下方设置有第二表面装饰层（5）。
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CN104960263A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-10-07 福建省欧亚斯特环保建材有限公司 玻镁板及其饰面板的生产方法
CN207363153U (zh) * 2017-07-04 2018-05-15 宿迁天华新材料有限公司 一种墙面耐火阻火板
CN109025169A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2018-12-18 江苏源美竹木业有限责任公司 应用于榫槽连接的多层复合防火板材及其生产工艺
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WO2014015818A1 (zh) * 2012-07-26 2014-01-30 福建省卓隆建材科技有限公司 一种环保型建材及其制备方法
CN104960263A (zh) * 2015-07-09 2015-10-07 福建省欧亚斯特环保建材有限公司 玻镁板及其饰面板的生产方法
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