WO2014010429A1 - Procédé de fabrication de palier de butée pour turbocompresseur, et palier de butée pour turbocompresseur - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de palier de butée pour turbocompresseur, et palier de butée pour turbocompresseur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014010429A1
WO2014010429A1 PCT/JP2013/067638 JP2013067638W WO2014010429A1 WO 2014010429 A1 WO2014010429 A1 WO 2014010429A1 JP 2013067638 W JP2013067638 W JP 2013067638W WO 2014010429 A1 WO2014010429 A1 WO 2014010429A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
powder
core material
metal powder
thrust bearing
manufacturing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/067638
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
安央 宮下
喜浩 酒井
鈴木　隆
Original Assignee
ナパック株式会社
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Publication of WO2014010429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014010429A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • F16C33/145—Special methods of manufacture; Running-in of sintered porous bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00—Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/10—Alloys based on copper
    • F16C2204/12—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/23—Gas turbine engines
    • F16C2360/24—Turbochargers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a thrust bearing for a turbocharger and a thrust bearing for a turbocharger.
  • a step of forming an alloy powder mixture containing at least one of two elements of magnesium and aluminum as a main component, and at least one of boron, boron carbide, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide and silicon nitride is mixed with the alloy powder.
  • Forming the composite material powder molded body by containing it in a part of the body, integrally molding the alloy powder mixture and the composite material powder molded body, and thereafter sintering the composite material molded body.
  • a lightweight wear-resistant member (refer to claim 2, drawings, etc.) characterized in that the sintered part is formed so as to be used only for the sliding part (see Patent Document 1).
  • Patent Document 1 assumes parts of products such as magnetic heads that are required to be light and thin, and is never used in an environment where a thrust bearing for a turbocharger is used. For this reason, a thrust bearing for a turbocharger is completely different from the lightweight wear-resistant member described in Patent Document 1 in terms of basic materials such as materials used and design concept.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a thrust bearing manufacturing method and a thrust bearing that can be suitably used in practice for turbochargers.
  • a method of manufacturing a thrust bearing for a turbocharger according to the present invention is characterized in that a first metal powder containing copper as a main component and containing 10 wt% or less of tin is formed around a cylindrical or cylindrical hole.
  • An oil flow path having a shape corresponding to the uneven surface is formed on the core material and the second metal powder at the same time, and a powder compact formed by joining the powder core material and the second metal powder is formed.
  • the portion corresponding to the core material and the portion corresponding to the second metal powder after sintering are joined, and the portion corresponding to the powder core material after the sintering step is the second portion after the sintering step. It is superior in slidability and wear resistance than the portion corresponding to the metal powder.
  • a method of manufacturing a thrust bearing for a turbocharger according to the present invention is characterized in that a first metal powder containing copper as a main component and containing 10 wt% or less of tin is formed around a cylindrical or cylindrical hole.
  • a sintering step for obtaining a sintered body in which a portion corresponding to the powder core material and a portion corresponding to the second metal powder are joined, and a second die different from the die, and different from the punch A re-compression step of correcting the size of each part of the sintered body by the second punch, and the re-compression step
  • the second uneven surface formed on the punch and the second mold is simultaneously applied to the portion corresponding to the powder core material after the sintering step and the portion corresponding to the second metal powder after the sintering step.
  • the forming step it is preferable to perform the forming step so that the powder density in the portion corresponding to the powder core material is higher than the powder density in the portion corresponding to the second metal powder.
  • the uneven surface of the powder core material is preferably formed in both the step of obtaining the powder core material and the molding process.
  • the shape of the dust core material is a shape obtained by cutting out a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole
  • the positioning of the dust core material and the punch in the molding process is performed based on the shape of the cut portion. Preferably it is done.
  • oil flow paths formed in the dust core material and the second metal powder can be in communication with each other.
  • a thrust bearing for a turbocharger has a surface having a hole in the center on the front and back surfaces, and the edge of the hole on one surface is mainly composed of copper and has a weight of 10 wt. % Of tin, including a material imparting slidability and wear resistance, and a portion other than the edge portion is made of a metal material including copper and iron of 80% by weight or less, Parts other than the edge are joined, the edge is more slidable and wear-resistant than the part other than the edge, and the other part of the one surface is the oil flow path. Has a recess.
  • the edge portion has a higher density than the portion other than the edge portion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a thrust bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a bottom face schematic diagram of a thrust bearing concerning an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is a flowchart of the manufacturing process of the thrust bearing which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the core material manufacturing apparatus which shows a mode that manufacture of a powder core material progresses as it progresses from (A) to (D).
  • It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compacting body manufacturing apparatus which shows a mode that manufacture of a compacting body progresses as it progresses from (A) to (E).
  • thrust bearing for a turbocharger (hereinafter abbreviated as “thrust bearing”) according to an embodiment of the present invention and a manufacturing method thereof will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view (upper surface, one surface) of a thrust bearing 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This thrust bearing 1 is used in a turbocharger.
  • the thrust bearing 1 has a circular outer periphery and a cylindrical shape having a circular hole 2 in the center.
  • the thrust bearing 1 has an oil groove 3 that serves as an oil flow path around the hole 2.
  • the thrust bearing 1 has four fixing holes 4 which are circular and have the same size and are equidistant to be fixed to the turbocharger.
  • the edge portion of the hole 2 has a cylindrical shape and a high peristaltic portion 5 having a shape obtained by cutting out a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole 2 and being more slidable and wear-resistant than other portions.
  • Part corresponding to the powder core material after the sintering step A portion corresponding to a cut surface obtained by cutting a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole 2 is a flat surface 5b.
  • the upper surface of the high swing portion 5 is a surface that receives a thrust load.
  • another part be the outer peripheral part 6 (part corresponded to the 2nd metal powder after a sintering process).
  • the high swinging portion 5 is formed with grooves 7 a, 7 b, 7 c (the width dimension and the depth dimension are the same) which are oil flow paths as in the oil groove 3.
  • the oil groove 3 and the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c are concave portions and the other portions are relatively convex portions, the upper surface of the thrust bearing 1 has an uneven portion.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 has a higher density than the outer peripheral part 6.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom surface (lower surface) of the thrust bearing 1. Although the hole 2 and the fixing hole 4 appear on the bottom surface of the thrust bearing 1, those corresponding to the oil groove 3 and the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c do not appear. The edge of the hole 2 is integrated with the outer peripheral portion 6.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 has a cylindrical shape and is exposed only on the plane side which is the upper side of FIG. Further, the upper surface 5 a of the high swing portion 5 is on the same plane as the upper surface 6 a of the outer peripheral portion 6.
  • the outer peripheral portion 6 is a metal material composed of 37 parts by weight of copper, 60 parts by weight of iron, and 3 parts by weight of tin.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 is a metal material composed of 87 parts by weight of copper, 4 parts by weight of molybdenum disulfide, and 9 parts by weight of tin.
  • the mixing ratio of molybdenum disulfide is 4% by weight.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the manufacturing process of the thrust bearing 1.
  • 87 parts by weight of electrolytic copper powder, 4 parts by weight of copper disulfide molybdenum disulfide, 9 parts by weight of atomized tin powder, and 0.5 parts by weight of zinc stearate serving as a wax take 10 to 30 minutes.
  • the first metal powder is blended (step P1).
  • the particle diameter of each powder was 1 to 200 ⁇ m suitable for powder metallurgy.
  • the material imparting slidability and wear resistance in the first metal powder is copper bromide molybdenum disulfide.
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the core material manufacturing apparatus 10 showing a state in which the production of the powder core material progresses from (A) to (D).
  • the core material manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a table 11 and a die 12 that is a cylindrical mold.
  • the upper surface of the table 11 and the upper surface of the die 12 are on the same plane.
  • the core material manufacturing apparatus 10 further includes a columnar core 13 in the die 12 in which the columnar space of the die 12 is cylindrical. The upper surface of the core 13 is flush with the upper surface of the table 11 and the upper surface of the die 12.
  • the core material manufacturing apparatus 10 is densely inserted into a space formed by the die 12 and the core 13 and having a cylindrical shape inside the die 12 and a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole cut out.
  • the upper punch 14 having a shape matching the shape inside the die 12 and the lower punch 15 having substantially the same shape as the upper punch 14 are provided.
  • the upper punch 14 is provided with convex portions (not shown) for forming a part of the above-described grooves 7a, 7b, 7c.
  • a powder supply container 16 having a powder supply hole (not shown) on the lower surface is placed on the table 11.
  • the powder supply device 16 is packed with a first metal powder 17. Further, the powder supply device 16 is movable on the upper surface of the table 11, the upper surface of the die 12, and the upper surface of the core 13.
  • the powder supply device 16 moves, and the first metal powder 17 is transferred from the powder supply hole of the powder supply device 16 into the cylindrical space formed by the die 12 and the core 13.
  • the supplied state is shown.
  • the first metal powder 17 is supplied until the upper surface thereof is flush with the upper surface of the die 12 and the upper surface of the core 13.
  • FIG. 5C shows the state which compression-molded the 1st metal powder 17 with the punch 14 and the lower punch 15.
  • FIG. By this compression molding, a cylindrical powder core 18 is formed.
  • the green compact density of the green powder core material 18 is set to an appropriate density that does not cause unintended shape deformation even if the green powder core material 18 is subjected to each step shown in FIG.
  • the powder core 18 is formed with a concave shape corresponding to a part of the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c described above (not shown). Moreover, the shape corresponding to the plane 5b mentioned above is formed in the powder core material 18 (illustration omitted).
  • FIG. 5D the upper surface of the lower punch 15 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow (from the lower side to the upper side) until it is flush with the upper surface of the die 12 and the upper surface of the core 13, and compaction is performed. It is a figure which shows the state which made it easy to take out the core material.
  • the second metal powder is blended (process P3).
  • the second metal powder comprises 80 parts by weight of iron and copper partial diffusion alloy powder, 17 parts by weight of electrolytic copper powder, 3 parts by weight of atomized tin powder, and 0.8 part by weight of zinc stearate. Thoroughly mixed over 10 to 30 minutes.
  • the iron content of the second metal powder is 60% by weight.
  • the copper content of the second metal powder is 37% by weight.
  • the tin content of the second metal powder is 3% by weight.
  • the particle diameter of each powder was 1 to 200 ⁇ m suitable for powder metallurgy.
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the green compact body manufacturing apparatus 20 showing a state in which the green compact manufacturing process proceeds from (A) to (E).
  • the green compact molded body manufacturing apparatus 20 includes a table 21 and a cylindrical die 22.
  • the upper surface of the table 21 and the upper surface of the die 22 are on the same plane.
  • the compacted body manufacturing apparatus 20 further includes a columnar core 23 in the die 22 that has a cylindrical space in the die 22. The upper surface of the core 23 is flush with the upper surface of the table 21 and the upper surface of the die 22.
  • the compacted body manufacturing apparatus 20 has a cylindrical upper punch 24 and a cylindrical lower punch 25 which are inserted into a cylindrical space formed by the die 22 and the core 23 closely.
  • a powder supply container 26 having a powder supply hole (not shown) on the lower surface is placed on the table 21.
  • the powder supply device 26 is packed with a second metal powder 27. Further, the powder supply device 26 is movable on the upper surface of the table 21, the upper surface of the die 22, and the upper surface of the core 23.
  • there is a flange portion (not shown) extending in a direction orthogonal to the length direction at the lower end portion in the length direction of the core 23 which is the vertical direction in FIG. 6, and extends from the flange portion in the length direction.
  • the powder supply device 26 moves, and the second metal powder 27 is put into the cylindrical space formed by the die 22 and the core 23 from the powder supply hole of the powder supply device 26.
  • the supplied state is shown.
  • the second metal powder 27 is supplied until the upper surface thereof is flush with the upper surface of the die 22 and the upper surface of the core 23.
  • This process becomes process P4.
  • the rod-shaped member described above passes through a cylindrical space formed by the die 22 and the core 23. Therefore, the second metal powder 27 is not supplied to the space where the rod-shaped member is disposed.
  • FIG. 6 (C) is a view showing a state in which the powder core material 18 manufactured previously is embedded in the second metal powder 27 so as to expose the upper surface thereof, which is the peripheral surface of the core 23. is there. At this time, the portion corresponding to the flat surface 5b of the powder core 18 described above is recognized, and the portion corresponding to the flat surface 5b is in a predetermined positional relationship with a specific portion of the upper punch 24. The arrangement angle of 18 is adjusted. That is, the powder core material 18 and the upper punch 24 are aligned based on the shape of the flat surface 5b.
  • the upper punch 24 is moved in the arrow direction (from the upper side to the lower side) in the figure
  • the lower punch 25 is moved in the arrow direction (from the lower side to the upper side) in the figure
  • the upper punch 24 is moved.
  • a cylindrical powder compact 28 is formed.
  • the upper punch 24 and the lower punch 25 are formed with holes through which the above-described bar-shaped member is inserted, and the bar-shaped member is present in the second metal powder 27. P6 is performed. Therefore, the shape of the fixing hole 4 is formed at the position of the green compact 28 where the rod-shaped member exists.
  • the compression force and the like are adjusted so that the powder density in the portion corresponding to the powder core material 18 is higher than the powder density in the portion corresponding to the second metal powder 27.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a contact state between the upper punch 24 and the green compact 28 in the process P6.
  • a convex portion 24a that forms the shape of the oil groove 6 in the second metal powder 27 portion and a convex portion 24b that forms the shapes of the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c in the powder core material 18 are provided.
  • Have. Portions other than the convex portions 24a and 24b on the lower surface of the upper punch 24 are relatively concave portions.
  • the concave shape corresponding to a part of the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c of the powder core 18 is further deformed by the convex portion 24b.
  • FIG. 6E the upper surface of the lower punch 25 is moved in the direction of the arrow (from the lower side to the upper side) until it is flush with the upper surface of the die 22 and the upper surface of the core 23.
  • the green compact 28 has a cylindrical shape having the shape of the hole 1 at the center.
  • the shape of the hole 1 is formed by the core 23.
  • a dust core material 18 is arranged at the edge on the upper surface side in FIG.
  • the green compact 28 is taken out, and the green compact 28 is sintered at a maximum temperature of 700 ° C. to 800 ° C. in an ammonia atmosphere (step P7). Then, the high peristaltic part 5 can have a higher density than the outer peripheral part 6. Thereafter, the sintered body that has undergone the process P7 is re-compressed using a mold and a punch in order to correct the dimensions of each part so as to have the target dimensions (process P8). Through the above steps, the manufacture of the thrust bearing 1 is completed.
  • a thrust bearing 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a metal sintered body in which a high swing portion 5 and an outer peripheral portion 6 are joined. Therefore, the thrust bearing 1 is excellent in terms of strength, wear resistance, and the like, and can actually be suitably used for a turbocharger.
  • the thrust bearing 1 used in the turbocharger has a thrust collar that restricts the movement of the impeller in sliding contact with and slides on the high sliding portion 5, so that the high sliding portion 5 has high wear resistance.
  • the function of the bearing 1 is made necessary and sufficient.
  • the metal material of the outer peripheral part 6 consists of the 2nd metal powder 27, and since content of iron is increased, the thrust bearing 1 can be made cheap.
  • the turbocharger thrust bearing 1 is exposed to a wide temperature range (particularly on the high temperature side), is affected by corrosion due to sulfur in the oil, is subjected to vibration, and receives a thrust load. There is a special feature used in harsh environments. However, according to the manufacturing method of the thrust bearing 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, the thrust bearing 1 which can endure such a severe environment can be provided. In particular, there is a concern about peeling due to corrosion or the like of the joint portion between the high swing portion 5 and the outer peripheral portion 6, but the thrust bearing 1 is unlikely to be peeled off and is in a joined state having sufficient joint strength and the like. is there.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 has a higher density than the outer peripheral part 6, the slidability and wear resistance of the high peristaltic part 5 are more excellent.
  • portions corresponding to the grooves 7a, 7b and 7c of the powder core material 18 are formed in both the step of obtaining the powder core material 18 and the molding step. Therefore, the amount of deformation of the dust core material 18 during the molding process can be reduced as compared with the case where the concave portions corresponding to the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c are formed only by the molding process, and a phenomenon such as buckling can be suppressed. . In particular, since the powder core material 18 is subjected to the molding process in a high density state, the powder core material 18 is likely to buckle.
  • the recesses corresponding to the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c are formed in both the step of obtaining the powder core material 18 and the molding step, the recesses are pressed by pressing the powder core material 18 in both steps. It is important that the positions to be formed are the same. Therefore, in the forming step, the recesses corresponding to the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c are formed by aligning the dust core 18 and the upper punch 24 with the shape corresponding to the flat surface 5b of the dust core 18 as a reference. The positions to be formed can be matched.
  • the thrust bearing 1 can be made cheaper.
  • the thrust bearing 1 is cylindrical, and has a surface having a hole 2 shape at the center on the front and back sides, and a dust core material after the sintering step P7 on the edge of the hole 2 shape on one of the surfaces.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 which is a part corresponding to 18 is arranged. Therefore, the edge of the hole 2 on the other surface opposite to the one surface receives the entire high swinging portion 5 that receives a thrust load. For this reason, even if the high vibration portion 5 receives a thrust load, it is difficult to apply the peeling stress to the joint portion between the high vibration portion 5 and the outer peripheral portion 6, but rather, the stress that makes the joint portion adhere is applied.
  • the Rukoto Therefore, the thrust bearing 1 which can reduce the above-mentioned peeling etc. can be provided.
  • a thrust bearing 1 is a cylindrical thrust bearing 1, and has a surface having a hole 2 in the center on the front and back surfaces, and one of the surfaces is a height that becomes an edge of the hole 2.
  • the peristaltic part 5 is made of a material containing copper as a main component and imparts slidability and wear resistance.
  • the outer peripheral part 6 other than the high peristaltic part 5 is 60% by weight with copper.
  • the high-swing part 5 is more slidable and wear-resistant than the outer peripheral part 6, and the high-swing part 5 and the outer peripheral part 6 on one surface are grooves 7a. , 7b, 7c and oil groove 3 respectively.
  • the edge of the hole 2 on the other surface opposite to the one surface receives the entire high swinging portion 5 that receives the thrust load. Therefore, even if the high vibration portion 5 is subjected to a thrust load, peeling stress is hardly applied to the joint portion between the high vibration portion 5 and the outer peripheral portion 6. Will be granted. Therefore, the thrust bearing 1 which can reduce the above-mentioned peeling etc. can be provided.
  • the shape of the oil groove 3 and the groove 7a, 7b, 7c is formed simultaneously with respect to the said press-contacting object, and the compacting body 17 is obtained. Therefore, compared with the case where the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c formed in the high swing portion 5 and the oil groove 3 formed in the outer peripheral portion 6 are separately formed, the positional accuracy thereof can be improved. In particular, this positional accuracy is such that a passage such as a recess or a through hole is formed between the oil groove 3 of the outer peripheral portion 6 and the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c of the high swinging portion 5, and communicates with each other by the passage. It becomes very important when trying.
  • the first metal powder 17 is compacted into a cylindrical shape and a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole is cut off. And a step P2 of obtaining a powder core material 18 in which a part of the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c is formed in a concave shape. Then, the second metal powder 27 different from the first metal powder 17 and the powder core material 18 are set on the basis of the shape corresponding to the flat surface 5b of the powder core material 18, and the powder core material 18 and the upper punch.
  • the process P4 and P5 which supply in the die
  • the molding process P6 which compression-molds the 2nd metal powder 27 by the upper punch 14 and the lower punch 15 in the die
  • the oil grooves 6 are formed such that the convex portions 24a and 24b formed on the upper punch 14 correspond to the convex portions 24a and 24b at the same time with respect to the powder core 18 and the second metal powder 27.
  • the shape of the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c are formed, and the green compact 28 in which the green core material 18 and the second metal powder 27 are joined is formed.
  • the sintering process P7 which heats and compacts a compacting body.
  • the high peristaltic part 5 which is a part equivalent to the powder core material 18 after the sintering process P7 slides more than the outer peripheral part 6 which is a part corresponding to the second metal powder 27 after the sintering process P7. Excellent in mobility and wear resistance.
  • the second metal powder 27, that is, the metal material of the outer peripheral portion 6, has a total iron content of 60% by weight. ing.
  • the metal material composition may be appropriately changed such that the iron content is 80% by weight or less, 70% by weight or less, 60% by weight or less, or 50% by weight or less. . If the iron content is increased, the cost of the thrust bearing 1 can be reduced. Further, the content of iron and tin can be made zero, and only electrolytic copper powder can be used as the metal component. If the iron content of the second metal powder 27 exceeds 80% by weight, the difference in shrinkage ratio during sintering with the first metal powder 17 is too large. There is a possibility that the bonding between the part 5 and the outer peripheral part 6 may be adversely affected.
  • the method for manufacturing the thrust bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, 4 parts by weight of cuprous molybdenum disulfide is included in the first metal powder. And the molybdenum disulfide compounding ratio of the high swing part 5 is 4 weight%. However, the molybdenum disulfide content ratio can be appropriately changed within a range of, for example, 1% by weight to 10% by weight. Further, in place of molybdenum disulfide, materials that impart slidability and wear resistance include manganese (such as manganese sulfide as a starting material), carbon materials such as graphite or pseudographite, lead, bismuth and tin.
  • manganese such as manganese sulfide as a starting material
  • carbon materials such as graphite or pseudographite
  • lead bismuth and tin.
  • the metal material composition can be changed as appropriate, such as using an alloy, bismuth (the blending ratio is, for example, 1 to 10% by weight), iron sulfide, or the like.
  • each of the powders of copper and iron may be used as the second metal powder.
  • a partial diffusion alloy it is difficult to segregate copper or iron during the sintering step (P7), so it is preferable to use a partial diffusion alloy.
  • the particle size of each powder of the 1st metal powder 17 and the 2nd metal powder 27 is 1 to 200 micrometers suitable for powder metallurgy. Using. However, the particle size of some or all of the powders constituting these may be outside the range of 1 to 200 ⁇ m, for example, 0.5 to 250 ⁇ m.
  • the content of zinc stearate contained in the first metal powder and the second metal powder 14 can be changed as appropriate. In addition, zinc stearate can be replaced with other wax materials such as so-called amide wax, calcium stearate, lithium stearate and the like.
  • spindle oil may be added to the first metal powder 17 and the second metal powder 27.
  • the sintering step P7 is performed in an ammonia decomposition gas atmosphere, it may be performed in another reducing atmosphere such as a hydrogen atmosphere or an inert gas atmosphere such as a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the second metal powder 27 used was 20 times the weight of the first metal powder 17 used in the production of the powder core 18. However, the usage amount of the second metal powder 27 can be in the range of 5 to 30 times that of the first metal powder 17. By increasing this multiple, the cost of the thrust bearing 1 can be reduced.
  • Step P5 the dust core material 18 is embedded in the second metal powder 27 so that the upper surface thereof is exposed and the upper surface of the dust core material 18 is not covered with the second metal powder 27. Arranged. However, in the process P5, the powder core material 18 is placed on the second metal powder 27, and the powder core material 18 is embedded in the second metal powder 27 in the next molding process P6. good. Further, in step P5, the dust core material 18 is partially embedded in the second metal powder 27, and in the next molding step P6, the dust core material 18 is placed in the second metal powder 27 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG.
  • the dust core material 18 is formed by compacting the first metal powder 17 into a cylindrical shape and by cutting off a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole.
  • a cylindrical shape or the like may be used.
  • the “tubular shape” includes a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, a polygonal cylindrical shape, and the like.
  • the reference shape is other than the shape corresponding to the plane 5b.
  • Various shapes can be adopted. For example, a recess is formed in a part of the upper surface 5a of the high sliding portion 5.
  • the shape having such a dent is also a shape obtained by cutting out a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole from the shape of the powder core material 18. Furthermore, it is good also as a shape which cut off a part of circumference
  • the uneven surface formed on the powder core material 18 is formed by both the process of obtaining the powder core material 18 and the molding process. However, this uneven surface may be performed only in the step of obtaining the powder core 18 or only in the molding step. In the step of obtaining the dust core material 18, the first metal powder 17 is compression-molded. Therefore, changing the shape of the dust core material 18 in the subsequent formation step may cause buckling. Therefore, the uneven surface is preferably performed only in the step of obtaining the powder core material 18. The uneven surface may be formed by a recompression process other than the step of obtaining the powder core 18 and / or the molding step.
  • oil flow paths formed in the dust core 18 and the second metal powder 27 are formed such that the passages of these oil flow paths are formed as depressions or through holes so as to communicate with each other. Also good.
  • the high-density high-swing part 5 and the outer peripheral part 6 having a lower density than the high-sliding part 5 are made of a metal material containing copper.
  • a material having higher wear resistance such as brass or stainless steel can be used for the high swing portion 5.
  • the thrust bearing 1 is configured such that the upper surface 5a of the high swing portion 5 is on the same plane as the upper surface 6a of the outer peripheral portion 6.
  • the upper surface 5 a of the high swing portion 5 may protrude from the upper surface 6 a of the outer peripheral portion 6, and conversely, the upper surface 6 a of the outer peripheral portion 6 protrudes from the upper surface 5 a of the high swing portion 5. Also good.
  • the lower surface of the upper punch 24 has irregularities (irregular surfaces).
  • the punch 24 may be divided into a plurality of punches having a dividing surface in the moving direction to form a multi-stage punch, and the same function as the formation of the concavo-convex portion may be performed.
  • the lower punches 15 and 25 and the upper punch 14 can be multi-stage punches.
  • the density of the high peristaltic part 5 is made higher than the density of the outer peripheral part 6, the density of the high peristaltic part 5 and the density of the outer peripheral part 6 are made the same, or the density of the high peristaltic part 5 is made. You may make it lower than the density of the outer peripheral part 6.
  • oil groove 3 of the outer peripheral portion 6 and the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c of the high swinging portion 5 are separated from each other, but a passage having a concave shape or a through-hole shape is formed and communicated with each other by the passage. Also good.
  • the recompression process P8 may be omitted, for example, when the shape of the sintered body substantially matches the size of each part of the target thrust bearing 1 at the end of the sintering process P7. Further, the shapes of the oil groove 3 and the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c may be formed only in the recompression process P8 without being formed in the molding process P6.
  • the first metal powder 17 is compacted into a cylindrical shape to obtain a powder core 18, and the second metal powder 27 and the powder core 18 different from the first metal powder 17 are die-molded.
  • a recompressing step of correcting the size of each part of the sintered body by using the punch, and the recompressing step includes a second uneven surface formed on the second punch and / or the second mold.
  • the portion corresponding to the powder core 18 after the sintering step P7 and / or after the sintering step P7 2 is a step of simultaneously forming a shape corresponding to the second uneven surface with respect to the portion corresponding to the metal powder 27, and the portion corresponding to the powder core material 18 after the sintering step P7 is the sintering step P7.
  • the slidability and wear resistance are superior to the portion corresponding to the second metal powder 27 later.
  • the second concavo-convex surface forms convex portions 24a that form the shape of the oil grooves 6 shown in FIG. 7 in the second metal powder 27 portion, and the shapes of the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c in the powder core 18.
  • each part such as the shape of the oil groove 6 and the shapes of the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c, which have slightly changed in shape due to shrinkage or the like in the sintering process P7, are corrected.
  • the shape of both the oil groove 3 and the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c is corrected, but the shape of either the oil groove 3 or the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c is corrected. It's also good.
  • the grooves 7 a, 7 b, and 7 c are shallower than the oil groove 3. Therefore, the shape of the deep oil groove 3 can be formed in the molding process P6 that is easy to change in shape by a molding machine, and the shallow grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c can be formed (corrected) in the recompression process.
  • the 2nd uneven surface is formed in both the 2nd metal mold
  • the molding process P6 it may be difficult to form a very large uneven shape.
  • the reason for this is that if the shape change due to compression molding is large, there is a possibility of cracking later.
  • the shape is changed to such an extent that the objective is not reached (for example, 20 to 80% of the target), and finally the target uneven shape is obtained in the recompression step P8. And so on.
  • the powder core 18 is manufactured as shown in FIG. 5 and has a cylindrical shape.
  • the powder core 18 may have a plate shape, or may have a polygonal shape such as a quadrangle or a hexagon, or an elliptical cylindrical shape.
  • This cylindrical shape may have a flat shape such as a 5-yen coin whose outermost diameter is much larger than the height.
  • the powder core material 18 is obtained through the process P2, it is also possible to use what became a sintered body through the sintering process of only the powder core material 18 in the processes after the process P3. good.
  • the sintering step of only the dust core material 18 may reduce the sintering temperature or reduce the sintering time to such an extent that the dust core material 18 is not completely sintered but partially sintered. It can be shortened. By doing so, while reinforcing the powder core material 18, it becomes easy to deform in the subsequent molding step P6. Furthermore, instead of the powder core material 18, a metal member having the same shape as the powder core material 18 may be used.
  • the step P6 of obtaining the powder core material 18 in which the first metal powder 17 is formed into a cylindrical shape and compression-molding the powder core material 18 and the second metal powder 27 together is performed.
  • the second metal powder 27 is compacted into a shape similar to the shape of the outer peripheral portion 6 to obtain a powder core material, and then the powdered first metal powder 17 is removed from the high peristaltic portion 5. It is good also as obtaining the thrust bearing 1 through the process of supplying to a position and compressing together with the powder core material.
  • both the first metal powder 17 and the second metal powder 27 may be compression-molded together in a powder state to obtain the thrust bearing 1.
  • the number of the fixing holes 4 is four, the number can be appropriately changed to two, three, five and the like.
  • the shape of the fixing hole 4 can be a part or all of a polygon such as a triangle or a rectangle, an ellipse, or the like.
  • the size of the fixing hole 4 can be changed in whole or in part.
  • the number of the grooves 7a, 7b, 7c is three, but the number can be appropriately changed to two, four, etc.
  • channel 7a, 7b, 7c are made equal, the width dimension and the depth dimension may differ in part or all.
  • the holes 4 are provided at equal intervals, the holes 4 may be provided at not equal intervals.
  • the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c are provided not at regular intervals, but the grooves 7a, 7b, and 7c may be provided at regular intervals.
  • a deburring step may be provided in which the thrust bearing 1 is vibrated in a large amount of ceramic spheres and water to remove burrs slightly present at the pointed portion of the thrust bearing 1. .
  • FIG. 8 is a view showing a part of the manufacturing method of the modified example of the thrust bearing according to the embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG.
  • the same members as those shown in FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 The difference between FIG. 8 and FIG. 6 is that, first, a powder core material 31 having a height corresponding to the powder core material 18 higher than that of the powder core material 18 is arranged in the die 12, and then the powder core material 31 The second metal powder 27 is supplied to the outer peripheral surface side.
  • Other steps are the same as those shown in FIG.
  • the thrust bearing 32 in which the dust core material 31 is exposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the drawing is produced.
  • the thrust bearing 32 having this configuration it is considered that the thrust load received by the high swing portion 5 tends to concentrate on the joint surface between the high swing portion 5 and the outer peripheral portion 6.
  • the thrust bearing 1 that has undergone the manufacturing method shown in FIG.
  • the thickness of the powder core material 31 in the horizontal direction in the figure can be slightly increased (shown as the same thickness in FIGS. 8C and 8D). If the green compact density of the green compact 31 is sufficiently high, the change in the thickness will be large, and if the green compact density of the green compact 31 is low, the change in the thickness will be small.
  • the second metal powder 27 is first supplied into the die 12 and then the powder core material 18 is disposed. Yes. Further, the lower surface of the upper punch 24 has convex portions 24 a and 24 b. However, in the manufacturing method of the thrust bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, the dust core material 18 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower punch 15 in the die 12, and then the second metal powder 27 is applied to the lower punch 15. The upper surface may be supplied on the dust core material 18.
  • the lower surface of the upper punch 24 does not have the convex portions 24a and 24b, and the upper surface of the lower punch 15 has convex portions that function in the same manner as the convex portions 24a and 24b of the lower surface of the upper punch 24 shown in FIG. Will be formed.
  • the dust core material 18 when the dust core material 18 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower punch 15, it is considered that the impact given to the dust core material 18 is large. The method is preferred.
  • the second metal powder 27 functions as a cushion when the powder core 18 is disposed.
  • the manufacturing method of the thrust bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG.
  • a manufacturing method in which the powder core 18 and the second metal powder 27 are compression-molded together after the powder core 18 is formed is not limited to the product field of thrust bearings, and uses powder metallurgy. It can be applied to other product areas.
  • FIG. 9 is a view showing a thrust bearing 41 of a modification of the thrust bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention in the same manner as FIG.
  • the thrust bearing 41 has a shape in which about a quarter of the left side in FIG.
  • the high-sliding portion 5 of the thrust bearing 41 is compacted into a shape in which a part of the periphery of the hole is cut out so that a part of the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical hole is missing, Manufactured similarly.
  • the powder core material having such a shape also has a shape obtained by cutting off a part of the periphery of the cylindrical hole.
  • Other members such as the outer peripheral portion 6 are manufactured in the same manner as the thrust bearing 1 or the thrust bearing 32.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication d'un palier de butée, qui peut être utilisé effectivement de façon appropriée dans un turbocompresseur. Ce procédé comprend une étape dans laquelle une première poudre de métal (17) est moulée par compression en une forme tubulaire, en obtenant ainsi une matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18) ; une étape dans laquelle la matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18) et une seconde poudre de métal (27), différente de la première poudre de métal (17), sont introduites à l'intérieur d'une matrice (12) ; et une étape de moulage dans laquelle la seconde poudre de métal (27) est moulée par compression dans la matrice (12), en même temps que la matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18), au moyen d'un poinçon supérieur (14) et d'un poinçon inférieur (15). L'étape de moulage est une étape dans laquelle des saillies formées sur le poinçon supérieur (14) ont une forme irrégulière qui correspond aux saillies, ladite forme irrégulière étant formée simultanément par rapport à la matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18) et la seconde poudre de métal (27), en formant ainsi un compact de poudre comprimée (28), dans lequel la matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18) et la seconde poudre de métal (27) sont réunies ensemble. De plus, il y a une étape de frittage dans laquelle le compact de poudre comprimée est chauffé et fritté, et une partie à haute aptitude au glissement, qui est la partie correspondant à la matière de noyau en poudre comprimée (18) après l'étape de frittage, possède une meilleure caractéristique de glissement et une meilleure résistance à l'abrasion qu'une partie circonférentielle extérieure, qui est la partie correspondant à la seconde poudre de métal (27) après l'étape de frittage.
PCT/JP2013/067638 2012-07-10 2013-06-27 Procédé de fabrication de palier de butée pour turbocompresseur, et palier de butée pour turbocompresseur WO2014010429A1 (fr)

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JP2012154638 2012-07-10

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EP3263925A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-03 Shine Ying Co., Ltd Palier coulissant à double couche
JP2018109445A (ja) * 2018-03-02 2018-07-12 Ntn株式会社 焼結軸受
US10907685B2 (en) 2013-10-03 2021-02-02 Ntn Corporation Sintered bearing and manufacturing process therefor

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EP3263925A1 (fr) * 2016-06-30 2018-01-03 Shine Ying Co., Ltd Palier coulissant à double couche
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