WO2014002753A1 - 列車制御装置 - Google Patents
列車制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014002753A1 WO2014002753A1 PCT/JP2013/066113 JP2013066113W WO2014002753A1 WO 2014002753 A1 WO2014002753 A1 WO 2014002753A1 JP 2013066113 W JP2013066113 W JP 2013066113W WO 2014002753 A1 WO2014002753 A1 WO 2014002753A1
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- train
- base station
- channel
- control device
- ground
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/04—Scheduled access
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
- B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
- B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
- B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/40—Adaptation of control equipment on vehicle for remote actuation from a stationary place
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or train for signalling purposes
- B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or train
- B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/08—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for controlling traffic in one direction only
- B61L23/14—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for controlling traffic in one direction only automatically operated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
- H04W28/26—Resource reservation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a train control device.
- the ground control device when switching the ground base station that is the communication partner of the onboard base station at the boundary of the ground base station, the ground control device detects that the train has passed the reservation start point and Reservation of the communication channel of the base station is started (for example, see Patent Document 1 below).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a train control device that can efficiently use a communication channel while continuing communication.
- the present invention provides an onboard base station mounted on a train, a ground base station installed on the ground and capable of communicating with the onboard base station, and a train. It is installed, reports the current position of the train to the ground side through the onboard base station, and performs operation control that can stop the train until the stop limit, which is the limit position where the train can travel safely, obtained from the ground side
- the stop limit calculated based on the information on the current position acquired from the train side through the ground base station and the opening information of the branch switch on the ground, installed on the ground, and on the train side through the ground base station
- a ground control device that transmits to the vehicle when the on-board control device switches the ground base station that is a communication partner of the on-board base station.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional train control device.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the train control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the on-board control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the ground control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the concept of the handover point, stop limit, and each pattern for the train in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the on-vehicle control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the ground control device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional train control device.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the train control device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a concept of a handover point, a stop limit, and each pattern for a train in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the concept of the handover point, the stop limit, and each pattern for the train in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a conventional train control device.
- the train control device includes a ground control device A101, a ground control device B102, a base station A103, a base station B104, an on-board control device 105, and an on-board base station installed on the train. 106.
- the ground control device A101 and the ground control device B102 are connected to each other via a communication line, and control the base station A103 and the base station B104.
- the base station A 103 and the base station B 104 each perform wireless communication with the on-board base station 106 within the communication range of the own station.
- the on-board controller 105 reports the current position of the train to the ground side through the on-board base station 106, and can stop the train up to the stop limit 109, which is the limit position obtained from the ground side where the train can be safely traveled.
- the ground control device A101 and the ground control device B102 calculate the stop limit 109 based on the current position information acquired from the train side through each base station and the opening information of the branching unit on the ground, and transmit to the train side through each base station To do.
- the communication partner of the on-board base station 106 is changed from the base station A 103. It is necessary to switch to the base station B104. This switching is generally called handover.
- the communication partner switching point where the handover is actually performed is determined in advance as a handover point 110 on the route. Since a plurality of trains exist within the communication range of one base station and communicate with the base station, each base station has a plurality of communication channels. Each train secures one of the communication channels for each train and communicates with the base station. Therefore, in each train, when performing a handover, it is necessary to secure a communication channel of a switching destination base station.
- the on-board controller 105 calculates the brake pattern 108, monitors the current speed and position of the train, and if the brake pattern 108 is violated, the brake is applied. To stop the vehicle until the stop limit 109.
- the horizontal axis indicates the positional relationship with respect to the brake pattern 108, and the vertical axis indicates the train speed.
- the train reserves the communication channel of the base station B104 in advance when it passes the channel reservation start point 107.
- the on-board controller 105 that receives the notification through communication deletes the brake pattern 108, so that the train enters the handover point 110, and the communication partner is switched.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the train control device according to the present embodiment.
- the train control device includes a ground control device A201, a ground control device B202, a base station A203, a base station B204, an onboard control device 205, and an onboard base station 206. Except for the control based on the channel reservation start point 107, the general operation and connection relationship as the train control device are respectively the configurations of the train control device shown in FIG. 1 (ground control device A101, ground control device B102, base Station A103, base station B104, onboard controller 105, onboard base station 106).
- the brake pattern 208, stop limit 209, and handover point 210 are the same as the brake pattern 108, stop limit 109, and handover point 110 shown in FIG.
- the channel reservation start pattern 207 is calculated in any one of the on-board controller 205, the ground controller A201, and the ground controller B202.
- the channel reservation start pattern 207 is a communication channel reservation time between the passage of the channel reservation start pattern 207 and the passage of the brake pattern 208 when the train travels as it is with the brake pattern 208.
- the interval is set to be longer than the processing time.
- the channel reservation start pattern 207 differs in the reservation start position (pattern) of the communication channel of the switching destination ground base station when the ground base station that is the communication partner of the onboard base station 206 is switched depending on the train speed and the train position.
- the communication channel reservation processing is completed before passing through the brake pattern 208.
- the horizontal axis indicates the positional relationship
- the vertical axis indicates the train speed. Note that this is exactly the same when considering not the position but the distance from the handover point 210.
- the current position and speed are compared with the channel reservation start pattern 207, and when the channel reservation start pattern 207 is passed, reservation of the communication channel of the base station B204 is started. To do.
- the channel reservation start pattern 207 and the current position / speed of the train are collated in any one of the on-board controller 205, the ground controller A201, and the ground controller B202.
- the communication channel of the base station B 204 can be normally reserved, the fact is transmitted to the train through communication. Therefore, the train travels without deceleration by erasing the brake pattern 208 and reaches the handover point 210. At this point, the actual handover process is performed.
- the handover process is the same as the conventional one.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the on-vehicle control device according to the present embodiment.
- the on-vehicle controller 205 includes a channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 211, a communication channel reservation request unit 212, and a base station switching unit 213.
- the channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 211 calculates a channel reservation start pattern 207 based on the train speed and the train position.
- the communication channel reservation request unit 212 When the communication channel reservation request unit 212 detects that the train has passed the channel reservation start pattern 207, the communication channel reservation request unit 212 transmits a reservation request for the communication channel of the switching destination ground base station to the ground control device.
- the base station switching unit 213 acquires information on the communication channel of the switching destination base station reserved by the ground control device, and switches the communication partner at the handover point 210 ( Execute handover).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the ground control device according to the present embodiment.
- the ground control apparatus A201 includes a channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 221, a communication channel reservation unit 222, and a communication channel information transmission unit 223.
- the ground control device B202 calculates the channel reservation start pattern 207, the ground control device B202 has the same configuration.
- the channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 221 calculates the channel reservation start pattern 207 based on the train speed and the train position.
- the communication channel reservation unit 222 When the communication channel reservation unit 222 detects that the train has passed the channel reservation start pattern 207, the communication channel reservation unit 222 reserves the communication channel of the switching destination ground base station.
- the communication channel information transmitting unit 223 transmits information on the communication channel of the reserved switching destination ground base station to the on-board controller 205.
- the communication channel of the next base station can be requested at the optimal time, and communication can be performed efficiently without occupying the communication channel unnecessarily long.
- the on-board controller determines that the train is stopped before the communication partner switching point when the communication channel cannot be reserved at the switching destination ground base station.
- the brake pattern 208 indicating the relationship between the position of the train and the maximum speed at that point, the distance traveled by the train at the time required to perform the reservation processing of the communication channel of the switching destination ground base station A channel reservation start pattern 207 is calculated. As a result, it is possible to secure the communication channel of the next base station at the optimum time without decelerating the train and continue traveling.
- the communication channel reservation process is performed for the brake pattern based on the speed and position of the train.
- a channel reservation start pattern shifted forward by this time is calculated.
- the next base station can communicate at the optimal time regardless of the speed at which the train approaches the handover point. You can reserve a channel. This makes it possible to avoid occupying the communication channel unnecessarily for a long time even when the vehicle is at a low speed or stops before the handover point, and the communication channel can be used efficiently.
- Embodiment 2 In the conventional train control device, it is not clear at which point the communication channel of the handover source base station is released after the handover is completed. In general, it is considered that the communication channel of the original base station is released as soon as the handover is completed. However, with this method, if the train stops at a point immediately after passing the handover point and starts traveling in the reverse direction, the handover process in the reverse direction may not be in time. Therefore, in this embodiment, the release of the communication channel is controlled using a channel release pattern. A different part from Embodiment 1 is demonstrated.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a concept of a handover point, a stop limit, and each pattern for a train in the present embodiment.
- connection relation of each structure such as a ground control apparatus, a base station, the onboard control apparatus mounted in a train, and an onboard base station, is the same as that of Embodiment 1 (refer FIG. 2).
- Channel reservation start pattern 301, brake pattern 302, stop limit 303, and handover point 304 are the same as channel reservation start pattern 207, brake pattern 208, stop limit 209, and handover point 210 in FIG. 2, respectively.
- the communication ranges of the base station A and the base station B are separated with the handover point 304 as a boundary.
- the channel release pattern 305 is calculated in the range of the base station B that has passed the handover point 304 in any of the on-board control device, the ground control device A, and the ground control device B.
- a train that performs handover from base station A to base station B starts a communication channel reservation for base station B based on channel reservation start pattern 301, and after securing a communication channel, secures a communication channel for both base stations.
- the communication channel used for communication is switched from that of the base station A to that of the base station B at the point of time when the handover point 304 is exceeded in this state. Thereafter, the train releases the communication channel of the base station A when it passes through the channel release pattern 305.
- the horizontal axis indicates the positional relationship and the vertical axis indicates the train speed with respect to the channel reservation start pattern 301, the brake pattern 302, and the channel release pattern 305. The same applies to the following embodiments.
- the channel release pattern 305 may be simply developed on the base station B side symmetrically with the channel reservation start pattern 301.
- the channel release pattern 305 matches the channel reservation start pattern of the train in which the traveling direction for performing the handover from the base station B to the base station A is opposite. If the train passes this channel release pattern, it will always pass the channel reservation start pattern in the reverse direction when the traveling direction of the train changes in the reverse direction. It can be guaranteed that this will be done normally. That is, when the train turns back at the handover point 304 side from the channel release pattern 305, the communication channel is not interrupted because the communication channel of both base stations is secured, and the train passes after the channel release pattern 305. However, since the communication channel on the base station A side is once released, the communication channel reservation is made again and the handover point 304 is reached, so that the communication is not interrupted.
- the channel reservation start pattern 301 and the channel release pattern 305 are not necessarily symmetrical about the handover point 304.
- the channel release pattern 305 is calculated so as to be the same as the channel reservation start pattern used when performing handover from the base station B to the base station A.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the on-board control device according to the present embodiment.
- the on-board controller 205 includes a channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 211, a communication channel reservation request unit 212, a base station switching unit 213, a channel release pattern calculation unit 311 and a communication channel release unit 312.
- the channel release pattern calculation unit 311 releases the communication channel of the switching source ground base station (base station A) after switching the ground base station with which the onboard base station communicates.
- a channel release pattern 305 that determines the position to be executed is calculated.
- the communication channel release unit 312 When the communication channel release unit 312 detects that the train has passed through the channel release pattern 305, the communication channel release unit 312 executes the release of the communication channel of the switching source ground base station (base station A).
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the ground control device according to the present embodiment.
- the ground control apparatus A201 includes a channel reservation start pattern calculation unit 221, a communication channel reservation unit 222, a communication channel information transmission unit 223, a channel release pattern calculation unit 321, and a communication channel release unit 322.
- the ground control device B calculates the channel release pattern 305, the ground control device B has the same configuration.
- the channel release pattern calculation unit 321 releases the communication channel of the switching source ground base station (base station A) after switching the ground base station with which the onboard base station communicates based on the train speed and the train position.
- a channel release pattern 305 that determines the position to be executed is calculated.
- the communication channel release unit 322 When the communication channel release unit 322 detects that the train has passed through the channel release pattern 305, the communication channel release unit 322 executes the release of the communication channel of the switching source ground base station (base station A).
- the communication channel of the switching source base station can be released at the optimal time, and communication can be reliably continued even when the train turns around near the switching point.
- the position at which the communication channel of the switching source ground base station is released after the switching of the ground base station with which the onboard base station communicates is performed.
- a channel release pattern is set to determine the communication channel of the switching source base station that was connected first after the train passes the channel release pattern.
- Embodiment 3 FIG. In the present embodiment, the communication channel is released earlier and the use efficiency of the communication channel is improved. A different part from Embodiment 2 is demonstrated.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the concept of the handover point, stop limit, and each pattern for the train in the present embodiment.
- the connection relationship of each structure such as a ground control apparatus, a base station, the onboard control apparatus mounted in a train, and an onboard base station, is the same as that of Embodiment 1, 2 (refer FIG. 2).
- Channel reservation start pattern 401, brake pattern 402, stop limit 403, and handover point 404 are the same as channel reservation start pattern 301, brake pattern 302, stop limit 303, and handover point 304 in FIG. 5, respectively.
- the communication ranges of the base station A and the base station B are separated with the handover point 404 as a boundary.
- the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction used when handover is performed from the base station B to the base station A in any of the on-board control device, the ground control device A, and the ground control device B. Further, the channel release pattern 406 is calculated. When the train passes the channel release pattern 406, the train releases the communication channel of the base station A.
- the train When handing over from base station A to base station B, the train travels at a certain speed, so even if the brake is applied at the maximum deceleration, it travels a certain distance until it stops.
- the train stops if it is outside the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction as viewed from the handover point 404, the channel reservation start pattern in the opposite direction when the train starts traveling in the opposite direction thereafter. It can be guaranteed that the channel reservation process can be started after passing through 405.
- the channel release pattern 406 is calculated according to the relationship between the speed and the speed. Specifically, if the channel release pattern 406 is calculated based on the maximum deceleration (maximum deceleration curve) of the brake from the point where the speed becomes 0 in the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction, such a channel release pattern is obtained. 406 can be obtained. However, since the communication channel of the base station A cannot be released before the handover point 404, the channel release pattern 406 is calculated so that the communication channel is released at the handover point 404 when the train speed is above a certain level. To do.
- the brake pattern 402 it is necessary to stop the train before the stop limit 403 when the communication channel reservation cannot be performed correctly. Calculated assuming a deceleration lower than the deceleration.
- the problem is that the train stops on the side closer to the handover point 404 than the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction. Calculated assuming speed.
- the channel release pattern calculation units 311 and 321 of the on-board control device or the ground control device use the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction of the train traveling in the opposite direction.
- a channel release pattern 406 is calculated based on the maximum deceleration curve of the train where the point far from the over point 404 is the stop position and the information of the handover point 404.
- the train control device even when braking is performed at the maximum deceleration of the train, the train goes out of the channel reservation start pattern in the opposite direction of the handover destination base station.
- Embodiment 4 FIG. In the present embodiment, a description will be given of the release of a communication channel in consideration of the train length. A different part from Embodiment 3 is demonstrated.
- the reference point of the train position measurement is shifted by the length of the train when the traveling direction of the train is reversed.
- the opposite There must be a train farther from the handover point than the direction channel reservation start pattern. That is, it is necessary to set a distance determined by the train length between the channel release pattern and the channel reservation start pattern in the opposite direction.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the concept of the handover point, stop limit, and each pattern for the train in the present embodiment.
- the connection relationships of the components such as the ground control device, the base station, the on-board control device mounted on the train, and the on-board base station are the same as in the first to third embodiments (see FIG. 2).
- the channel reservation start pattern 501, the brake pattern 502, the stop limit 503, the handover point 504, and the channel reservation start pattern 505 in the opposite direction are respectively the channel reservation start pattern 401, the brake pattern 402, the stop limit 403, and the handover in FIG. This is the same as the point 404 and the channel reservation start pattern 405 in the opposite direction.
- the communication ranges of the base station A and the base station B are separated with the handover point 504 as a boundary.
- the channel reservation start pattern 505 in the opposite direction used when a handover is performed from the base station B to the base station A in any one of the on-board control device, the ground control device A, and the ground control device B. Further, a channel release pattern 506 is calculated. When the train passes the channel release pattern 506, the train releases the communication channel of the base station A.
- the channel release pattern 506 moves to the far side from the handover point 504 by the train length 507 as compared with the channel release pattern 406 (see FIG. 8) of the third embodiment.
- the head position of the train is located farther from the handover point 504 than the channel reservation start pattern 505 in the opposite direction. Therefore, the reservation of the communication channel can be started correctly when the train starts moving.
- the channel of the base station A is assumed not to be released until the end of the train completely leaves the range of the base station A.
- a pattern for releasing at the same position is calculated even at a higher speed. If there is no problem in releasing the communication channel even if the end of the train is in the range of the base station A, the channel release pattern 506 may draw a curve based on the maximum deceleration of the train throughout. However, even in that case, when the head of the train is in the range of the base station A, a curve that does not release the communication channel is drawn.
- the channel release pattern 506 is set to the side far from the handover point 504 by the train length 507.
- the train control device further calculates the channel release pattern in consideration of the train length. As a result, even if the train stops near the handover point and turns back, the communication channel is not secured and it does not enter another base station range, and communication can be continued reliably, and Thus, the communication channel of the handover source base station can be released as soon as possible to increase the use efficiency of the communication channel.
- the train control device is useful for a configuration including a plurality of ground base stations, and is particularly suitable for control in which a train switches a ground base station with which it is communicating.
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Abstract
Description
まず、従来の列車制御装置の動作について簡単に説明する。図1は、従来の列車制御装置の構成例を示す図である。列車制御装置は、地上に設置された、地上制御装置A101と、地上制御装置B102と、基地局A103と、基地局B104と、列車に搭載された、車上制御装置105と、車上基地局106と、を備える。
その無線列車制御装置用に専用の通信帯域の免許を受けているならば、通信チャンネルを長く占有したとしても、それに応じた十分な帯域幅を確保しチャンネル数を用意しさえすればよい。したがって帯域利用効率向上への要求は強くなく、ハンドオーバー処理の開始は特定の位置に固定して十分とされてきた。しかし、ISM帯のように免許によらず公衆が通信に利用する帯域を利用して無線列車制御装置を実現する例が近年増加しつつあり、こうした場合は常に他の目的の通信との競合の可能性があり、できるだけ帯域を節約して利用しなければならないという要求が強くなっている。
なお、地上制御装置B202がチャンネル予約開始パターン207を算出する場合、地上制御装置B202も同様の構成を備える。
従来の列車制御装置では、ハンドオーバー完了後、ハンドオーバー元の基地局の通信チャンネルをどの時点で解放するのかが明確ではなかった。一般的には、ハンドオーバーが完了すれば、すぐに元の基地局の通信チャンネルは解放されるものと考えられる。しかしながら、この方法では、ハンドオーバー点を通過した直後の地点で列車が停止し、逆方向に走行を開始すると、逆方向へのハンドオーバー処理が間に合わなくなる可能性がある。そのため、本実施の形態では、チャンネル解放パターンを用いて通信チャンネルの解放を制御する。実施の形態1と異なる部分について説明する。
本実施の形態では、より早く通信チャンネルを解放して、通信チャンネルの利用効率を改善する。実施の形態2と異なる部分について説明する。
本実施の形態では、列車長を考慮した通信チャンネルの解放について説明する。実施の形態3と異なる部分について説明する。
Claims (14)
- 列車に搭載された車上基地局と、地上に設置され、前記車上基地局と通信可能な地上基地局と、列車に搭載され、前記車上基地局を通じて列車の現在位置を地上側へ報告し、地上側から取得した、列車を安全に走行可能な限界位置である停止限界までに列車を停車可能な運行制御をする車上制御装置と、地上に設置され、前記地上基地局を通じて列車側から取得した現在位置の情報および地上の分岐器の開通情報に基づいて算出した前記停止限界を、前記地上基地局を通じて列車側に送信する地上制御装置と、からなる列車制御装置において、
前記車上制御装置が、前記車上基地局の通信相手となる前記地上基地局を切り替える際に切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約開始位置を定めるパターンであって、列車速度および列車位置によって前記予約開始位置が異なるチャンネル予約開始パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする列車制御装置。 - 前記車上制御装置は、
前記車上基地局の通信相手となる前記地上基地局を切り替える際、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約開始位置を、列車速度が高くなるにつれて、通信相手の切り替え地点から遠くする、
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記車上制御装置が、
前記列車速度および前記列車位置に基づいて、前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを算出するチャンネル予約開始パターン算出手段と、
前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを列車が通過したことを検知した場合、前記地上制御装置に対して、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約要求を送信する通信チャンネル予約要求手段と、
前記予約要求に対する応答として、前記地上制御装置が予約した切り替え先基地局の通信チャンネルの情報を取得し、通信相手切り替え地点において通信相手の切り替えを実行する通信基地局切替手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル予約開始パターン算出手段は、
切り替え先の地上基地局で通信チャンネルを予約できない場合に通信相手切り替え地点の手前で列車を停車させるために前記車上制御装置が定めた列車の位置とその地点での最大速度の関係を示すブレーキパターンに対して、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約処理を行うために必要な時間に列車が走行する距離を空けて前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の列車制御装置。 - 列車に搭載された車上基地局と、地上に設置され、前記車上基地局と通信可能な地上基地局と、列車に搭載され、前記車上基地局を通じて列車の現在位置を地上側へ報告し、地上側から取得した、列車を安全に走行可能な限界位置である停止限界までに列車を停車可能な運行制御をする車上制御装置と、地上に設置され、前記地上基地局を通じて列車側から取得した現在位置の情報および地上の分岐器の開通情報に基づいて算出した前記停止限界を、前記地上基地局を通じて列車側に送信する地上制御装置と、からなる列車制御装置において、
前記地上制御装置が、前記車上基地局の通信相手となる前記地上基地局を切り替える際に切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約開始位置を定めるパターンであって、列車速度および列車位置によって前記予約開始位置が異なるチャンネル予約開始パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする列車制御装置。 - 前記地上制御装置は、
前記車上基地局の通信相手となる前記地上基地局を切り替える際、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約開始位置を、列車速度が高くなるにつれて、通信相手の切り替え地点から遠くする、
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記地上制御装置が、
前記列車速度および前記列車位置に基づいて、前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを算出するチャンネル予約開始パターン算出手段と、
前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを列車が通過したことを検知した場合、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約を行う通信チャンネル予約手段と、
予約した前記切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの情報を前記車上制御装置へ送信する通信チャンネル情報送信手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル予約開始パターン算出手段は、
切り替え先の地上基地局で通信チャンネルを予約できない場合に通信相手切り替え地点の手前で列車を停車させるために前記車上制御装置が定めた列車の位置とその地点での最大速度の関係を示すブレーキパターンに対して、切り替え先の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの予約処理を行うために必要な時間に列車が走行する距離を空けて前記チャンネル予約開始パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記車上制御装置が、
列車速度および列車位置に基づいて、前記車上基地局の通信相手の地上基地局の切り替えを実行後に切り替え元の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの解放を実行する位置を定めるチャンネル解放パターンを算出するチャンネル解放パターン算出手段と、
前記チャンネル解放パターンを列車が通過したことを検知した場合、前記切り替え元の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの解放を実行する通信チャンネル解放手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記地上制御装置が、
列車速度および列車位置に基づいて、前記車上基地局の通信相手の地上基地局の切り替えを実行後に切り替え元の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの解放を実行する位置を定めるチャンネル解放パターンを算出するチャンネル解放パターン算出手段と、
前記チャンネル解放パターンを列車が通過したことを検知した場合、前記切り替え元の地上基地局の通信チャンネルの解放を実行する通信チャンネル解放手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする請求項7または8に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル解放パターン算出手段は、
反対方向に走行する列車のチャンネル予約開始パターンより通信相手の切り替え地点から遠い地点が停車位置となる列車の最大減速度曲線および前記通信相手の切り替え地点の情報に基づいて、前記チャンネル解放パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル解放パターン算出手段は、
反対方向に走行する列車のチャンネル予約開始パターンより通信相手の切り替え地点から遠い地点が停車位置となる列車の最大減速度曲線および前記通信相手の切り替え地点の情報に基づいて、前記チャンネル解放パターンを算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル解放パターン算出手段は、
前記チャンネル解放パターンを、列車の全長だけ前記通信相手の切り替え地点から遠い側で算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の列車制御装置。 - 前記チャンネル解放パターン算出手段は、
前記チャンネル解放パターンを、列車の全長だけ前記通信相手の切り替え地点から遠い側で算出する、
ことを特徴とする請求項12に記載の列車制御装置。
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