WO2013180156A1 - カーボンブラシ - Google Patents
カーボンブラシ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013180156A1 WO2013180156A1 PCT/JP2013/064860 JP2013064860W WO2013180156A1 WO 2013180156 A1 WO2013180156 A1 WO 2013180156A1 JP 2013064860 W JP2013064860 W JP 2013064860W WO 2013180156 A1 WO2013180156 A1 WO 2013180156A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- carbon
- carbon brush
- suspension
- motor
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
- H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/26—Solid sliding contacts, e.g. carbon brush
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K13/00—Structural associations of current collectors with motors or generators, e.g. brush mounting plates or connections to windings; Disposition of current collectors in motors or generators; Arrangements for improving commutation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a carbon brush used for a commutator motor for a washing machine, an electric tool motor, or the like.
- the motor has a structure in which a current is supplied from a power source to an armature around which a coil is wound, and the armature rotates by sliding a contact portion of a commutator divided into a plurality of brushes.
- the motor has a problem in that the sliding noise increases because the brush and the commutator slide when the motor is driven.
- the commutator film is excessively generated and the temperature of the brush (motor) is increased during energization.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a carbon brush capable of sufficiently suppressing an increase in temperature and an increase in sliding noise caused by excessive generation of a commutator film.
- the present invention is a carbon brush comprising a carbon block base material having pores on the surface and inside, and sliding in contact with a commutator provided in a motor, the temperature being higher than the temperature of the carbon brush during operation of the motor.
- a suspension comprising a petroleum solvent having a high boiling point and fats and oils is present in the pores.
- the present invention is a carbon brush comprising a carbon block base material having pores on the surface and inside, and sliding in contact with a commutator provided in a motor, the temperature being higher than the temperature of the carbon brush during operation of the motor.
- a suspension comprising a petroleum solvent having a high boiling point and fats and oils is present in the pores.
- the suspension is present in a state where oil and fat particles are dispersed in a petroleum solvent and maintain fluidity.
- suspension exists in the pores formed in the surface and inside of the carbon block base material, while after the motor is operated, from inside the pores to the contact portion between the carbon brush and the commutator.
- the suspension is drained gradually.
- the oil plays a role of improving the lubricity of the carbon brush and reducing sliding noise at the contact portion between the carbon brush and the commutator.
- the suspension contains a petroleum solvent
- this petroleum solvent properly cleans the oil and fat on the surface of the commutator to prevent excessive formation of the commutator film. To do. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the brush when energized, and the sliding noise is reduced.
- the boiling point of the petroleum solvent is higher than the temperature of the carbon brush when the motor is operated, a situation may occur in which the oil-based solvent evaporates suddenly and the above-mentioned effect cannot be exhibited when the motor is operated. Can be suppressed. That is, the above-described effects are exhibited over a long period.
- the suspension filled in the pores of the carbon block base material retains fluidity, so that a narrow void is formed by external pressure (acceleration due to increase / decrease in rotational speed or centrifugal force). Move. Therefore, the vibration absorbing action is exhibited by the dashpot effect. As a result, the vibration of the brush is suppressed and the contact with the commutator is stabilized, so that the sliding noise is further reduced.
- the said fats and oils can use a solid thing and a semi-solid thing.
- the ratio of the suspension to the carbon block substrate is desirably 0.5% by weight or more and 6% by weight or less. If the ratio of the suspension to the carbon block substrate is less than 0.5% by weight, it is not possible to sufficiently suppress the formation of the commutator film, and the temperature rise of the brush is suppressed, and the sliding noise is sufficient. In some cases, the effect of the reduction is not sufficiently exhibited. In addition, since the vibration suppression effect due to the dashpot effect is reduced, the sliding noise may not be sufficiently reduced from this point. On the other hand, if the ratio exceeds 6% by weight, the suspension volume greatly increases due to the temperature rise during motor operation, and the suspension blows out. is there.
- the ratio of the fat / oil to the total amount of the suspension is desirably 3% by weight or more and 60% by weight or less. If the ratio of the fats and oils to the total amount of the suspension is less than 3% by weight, the lubricity of the carbon brush may not be sufficiently exhibited, and the sliding noise may not be sufficiently reduced. On the other hand, when the ratio exceeds 60% by weight, the amount of petroleum-based solvent is too small, and the oil and fat on the surface of the commutator cannot be appropriately cleaned, and an excessive commutator film may be generated.
- the boiling point of the petroleum solvent is desirably 140 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower.
- the boiling point of the petroleum solvent may be lower than the operating temperature of the motor, and the organic solvent having a boiling point exceeding 250 ° C. has fluidity at the motor operating temperature. This is because the leaching of oil and fat is insufficient and the cleaning effect is reduced.
- the vapor pressure of the petroleum solvent at 20 ° C. is desirably 1 kPa or less. If the vapor pressure at room temperature exceeds 1 kPa, the solvent will quickly volatilize, which may cause it to remain on the substrate.
- a pitch as a binder was added so that the ratio to the total amount of graphite powder was 50% by weight.
- the mixture was kneaded at a temperature higher than the melting point of the pitch, then cooled and pulverized to obtain a 40 mesh pass forming raw material.
- this forming raw material was press-molded by a press device, and the binder was carbonized by firing at a high temperature in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to obtain a carbon block substrate. Thereafter, the carbon block base material was cut into a predetermined size, and then a lead wire was attached to the carbon block base material.
- a carbon brush used for a motor for a washing machine was produced by impregnating the pores formed on the surface and inside of the carbon block base material with the suspension.
- the impregnation of the suspension was performed as follows. First, the carbon block base material was immersed in an impregnation liquid composed of fats and oils and a petroleum-based solvent for 20 minutes to impregnate the pores of the carbon block base material with the impregnation liquid.
- heat resistant grease 3% by weight of molybdenum disulfide as a lubricity improver and 7% by weight of bentonite clay as a thickener
- the petroleum solvent an industrial hydrocarbon solvent (isoparaffin type [mineral spirit] having a boiling point of 190 ° C. and a vapor pressure of 0.1 to 0.2 kPa at 20 ° C.) was used. . Moreover, the ratio of the fats and oils with respect to a petroleum-type solvent was 5 weight%. Next, the excess impregnating liquid was greasy, and then the excess petroleum solvent was removed by ventilation drying at 50 ° C. Through these steps, the pores can be impregnated with a suspension (a liquid obtained by removing excess petroleum solvent in the impregnating liquid). When calculated from the weight change before and after the impregnation, the ratio of the suspension to the carbon block substrate was 1.5% by weight.
- the carbon brush thus produced is hereinafter referred to as the present invention brush A.
- a carbon brush was produced in the same manner as in the above example, except that the pores formed on the surface and inside of the carbon block substrate were not impregnated with the suspension.
- the carbon brush thus produced is hereinafter referred to as a comparative brush Z.
- -Noise level measurement method As shown in FIG. 1, the noise level was measured such that the distance L1 between the carbon brush 3 and the sound level meter 4 was 50 cm.
- 1 is a motor and 2 is a commutator.
- -Measuring method of brush temperature As shown in FIG. 2, it measured so that the distance L3 from the boundary position of the brush main body 6 and the brush holder 7 to the thermocouple 8 might be set to 2 mm.
- the exposed length L2 of the brush body 6 was 2 mm.
- the noise level of the brush A of the present invention is about 5 dB lower than that of the comparative brush Z.
- the brush temperature of the present invention A is 10-20 ° C. lower than that of the comparative brush Z.
- the ratio of fats and oils to petroleum-based solvents is 5% by weight, but this is not a limitation. However, the ratio is desirably 1% by weight or more and 30% by weight or less. It is preferable to limit in this way, when the ratio is less than 1% by weight, the ratio of fats and oils is too small, and the lubricity may not be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the ratio exceeds 30% by weight, the viscosity of the impregnating liquid becomes high, and a sufficient amount of the impregnating liquid may not be impregnated in the pores.
- the impregnating liquid is regulated to such a ratio, after impregnating the impregnating liquid into the pores of the carbon block base material, the excess petroleum solvent is removed and the pores are impregnated with the suspension.
- the ratio of the suspension with respect to the carbon block substrate can be easily regulated so as to be 0.5% by weight or more and 6% by weight or less.
- Petroleum solvents are not limited to those mentioned above, but isobutyl alcohol, isopentyl alcohol, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, chlorobenzene, isobutyl acetate, acetic acid having a boiling point of 90 ° C. or higher.
- Normal-butyl, normal-propyl acetate, 1,4-dioxane, tetrachloroethylene, toluene, 1-butanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl-normal-butyl ketone, etc. preferably ethylene glycol having a boiling point of 140 ° C.
- the petroleum-based solvent has a boiling point of 90 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower (particularly 140 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C.
- ethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol mono-normal-butyl ether, petroleum naphtha, mineral spirit, etc. are more preferable.
- those having a vapor pressure at 20 ° C. of 1 kPa or less are more preferable, and the above four solvents are generally 1 kPa or less, but those having variations depending on the varieties are preferably selected as varieties of 1 kPa. .
- the additive which improves lubricity may be added to this.
- the fats and oils greases can be suitably used, and high temperature aptitude greases using bentonite clay or the like as a viscous agent are particularly suitable.
- the wax mineral wax such as montan wax, petroleum wax such as paraffin wax, synthetic wax, polyethylene wax, stearic acid and the like can be used as appropriate.
- the thickener kaolinite, halloysite, etc. can be used in addition to the bentonite clay described above.
- additives for improving lubrication in addition to the above-mentioned molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride, graphite fluoride, bismuth oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, antimony oxide, Aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, tin oxide, or the like can be used.
- the present invention can be used for a commutator motor for a washing machine, an electric tool motor, and the like.
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- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
Description
尚、上記油脂には、固形状のものや、半固形状のものを用いることができる。
カーボンブロック基材に対する懸濁液の割合が0.5%重量%未満では、整流子被膜が過剰に生成するのを十分に抑制できず、ブラシの温度上昇を抑制したり、摺動音を十分に低減するという作用効果が十分に発揮されないことがある。また、ダッシュポット効果による振動抑止効果が小さくなるため、この点からも、摺動音を十分に低減できないことがある。一方、当該割合が6重量%を超えると、モータ運転時の温度上昇によって懸濁液の体積が大きく増加し、懸濁液が吹き出すために、整流子やブラシ周りを汚損したり発煙することがある。
懸濁液の総量に対する油脂の割合が3重量%未満では、カーボンブラシの潤滑性が十分に発揮されず、摺動音の低減を十分に達成できないことがある。一方、当該割合が60重量%を超えると、石油系溶剤が少な過ぎて、整流子の表面の油脂を適度にクリーニングできず、整流子被膜が過剰に生成することがある。
石油系溶剤の沸点が140℃未満の場合には、モータの作動温度よりも石油系溶剤の沸点が低くなることがあり、当該沸点が250℃を超える有機溶剤はモータの動作温度において流動性が乏しく、油脂の滲出が不十分になったり、クリーニング効果が低下するからである。
常温での蒸気圧が1kPaを上回ると、溶剤が速やかに揮発してしまうことで、基材に残らなくなる恐れが生じる。
〔実施例〕
本発明のカーボンブラシを、以下のようにして作製した。
懸濁液の含浸は、以下のようにして行った。先ず、油脂と石油系溶剤とから成る含浸液に上記カーボンブロック基材を20分浸漬して、カーボンブロック基材の気孔内に含浸液を含浸させた。尚、上記油脂としては、耐熱グリース(潤滑性改良剤としての二硫化モリブデンが3重量%添加され、粘稠剤としてベントナイト粘土が7重量%添加されたもの)を用いた。上記石油系溶剤としては、工業用の炭化水素系溶剤(イソパラフィン系のもの〔ミネラルスピリット〕であって、沸点は190℃、20℃での蒸気圧は0.1~0.2kPa)を用いた。また、石油系溶剤に対する油脂の割合は5重量%とした。次いで、余分な含侵液を脂ぎりした後、50℃で通風乾燥することにより、余分な石油系溶剤を除去した。このような工程を経て、気孔内に懸濁液(含浸液中の余分な石油系溶剤を除去した液)を含浸できる。尚、含浸前後における重量変化から算出すると、カーボンブロック基材に対する上記懸濁液の割合は、1.5重量%であった。
このようにして作製したカーボンブラシを、以下、本発明ブラシAと称する。
カーボンブロック基材の表面及び内部に形成された気孔内に、懸濁液を含浸させないこと以外は、上記実施例と同様にしてカーボンブラシを作製した。
このようにして作製したカーボンブラシを、以下、比較ブラシZと称する。
上記本発明ブラシA及び比較ブラシZを、各々、ドラム洗濯機用の整流子モータにセットし、洗濯時における実際の運転状況を再現した試験台で、下記条件で運転した。そして、この運転時におけるモータの騒音レベルとブラシの温度とを測定したので、それらの結果を、各々図3及び図4に示す。
回転数:洗濯時730rpm(1サイクル中の時間:60分)
脱水時16000rpm(1サイクル中の時間:10分)
1サイクル:80分
ブラシ圧:58KPa
測定時間:19時間(14サイクル)
図1に示すように、カーボンブラシ3と騒音計4との距離L1は50cmとなるようにして、騒音レベルを測定した。尚、図1において、1はモータ、2は整流子である。
・ブラシ温度の測定方法
図2に示すように、ブラシ本体6とブラシホルダー7との境界位置から熱電対8までの距離L3は2mmとなるようにして測定した。尚、ブラシ本体6の露出長さL2は2mmとした。
(1)上記実施例では、含浸液において、石油系溶剤に対する油脂の割合を5重量%としたが、これに限定するものではない。但し、当該割合は、1重量%以上30重量%以下であることが望ましい。このように限定するのが好ましいのは、当該割合が1重量%未満であると、油脂の割合が少な過ぎて、潤滑性が十分に向上しないことがある。一方、当該割合が30重量%を超えると、含浸液の粘度が高くなって、十分な量の含浸液を気孔内に含浸できないことがあるという理由による。
油脂としては、グリース類を好適に用いることができ、特にベントナイト粘土などを粘凋剤に用いた高温適性型のグリースが適している。ワックスとしては、モンタンワックス等の鉱物系ワックス、パラフィンワックス等の石油系ワックス、合成ワックス、ポリエチレン系ワックス、ステアリン酸等を適宜用いることが出来る。
また粘稠剤としては、上述のベントナイト粘土の他に、カオリナイト、ハロイサイト等を用いることが出来る。
更にまた、潤滑を改良する添加剤としては、上述の二硫化モリブデンの他に、二硫化タングステン、窒化ホウ素、フッ化黒鉛、酸化ビスマス、酸化コバルト、酸化ニッケル、酸化マンガン、酸化クロム、酸化アンチモン、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素、酸化スズ等を用いることができる。
2:整流子
3:カーボンブラシ
4:騒音計
6:ブラシ本体
7:ブラシホルダー
8:熱電対
Claims (5)
- 表面及び内部に気孔を有するカーボンブロック基材を備え、モータに設けられた整流子と接触して摺動するカーボンブラシであって、
上記モータの作動時におけるカーボンブラシの温度よりも沸点が高い石油系溶剤と油脂とから成る懸濁液が、上記気孔内に存在することを特徴とするカーボンブラシ。 - 上記カーボンブロック基材に対する上記懸濁液の割合が、0.5重量%以上6重量%以下である、請求項1に記載のカーボンブラシ。
- 上記懸濁液の総量に対する上記油脂の割合が、3重量%以上60重量%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のカーボンブラシ。
- 上記石油系溶剤の沸点が、140℃以上250℃以下である、請求項1~3の何れか1項に記載のカーボンブラシ。
- 上記石油系溶剤の20℃での蒸気圧が、1kPa以下である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載のカーボンブラシ。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2014518694A JP6106667B2 (ja) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | カーボンブラシ |
CN201380025083.3A CN104303404B (zh) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | 碳刷 |
EP13797737.7A EP2858219B1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | Carbon brush |
KR20147036475A KR20150018841A (ko) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | 카본 브러쉬 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2012125673 | 2012-06-01 | ||
JP2012-125673 | 2012-06-01 |
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WO2013180156A1 true WO2013180156A1 (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
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PCT/JP2013/064860 WO2013180156A1 (ja) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-29 | カーボンブラシ |
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EP (1) | EP2858219B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6106667B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20150018841A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104303404B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI583083B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013180156A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
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CN104999070A (zh) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-28 | 合肥蓝科新材料有限公司 | 一种掺混纳米钼粉的耐蚀电机碳刷材料及其制备方法 |
WO2019107218A1 (ja) | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-06 | トライス株式会社 | 自動車電装用モータのブラシ |
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JP2005102491A (ja) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-04-14 | Totan Kako Kk | 電気機械用カーボンブラシ |
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JP2007049894A (ja) | 2005-07-15 | 2007-02-22 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 金属黒鉛質ブラシ |
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GB805176A (en) * | 1955-06-09 | 1958-12-03 | Westinghouse Electric Int Co | Improvements in or relating to electrical contact brushes |
GB1045094A (en) * | 1963-11-04 | 1966-10-05 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | The lubrication of electrical contact members |
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JP3719517B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-28 | 2005-11-24 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 黒鉛質ブラシおよび黒鉛質ブラシを備えたモータ |
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CN101001819A (zh) * | 2004-08-02 | 2007-07-18 | 阿斯莫有限公司 | 碳刷及旋转电机 |
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2013
- 2013-05-29 WO PCT/JP2013/064860 patent/WO2013180156A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-05-29 CN CN201380025083.3A patent/CN104303404B/zh active Active
- 2013-05-29 JP JP2014518694A patent/JP6106667B2/ja active Active
- 2013-05-29 EP EP13797737.7A patent/EP2858219B1/en active Active
- 2013-05-29 KR KR20147036475A patent/KR20150018841A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-31 TW TW102119416A patent/TWI583083B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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EP2858219A4 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
CN104303404A (zh) | 2015-01-21 |
TWI583083B (zh) | 2017-05-11 |
EP2858219B1 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
KR20150018841A (ko) | 2015-02-24 |
JP6106667B2 (ja) | 2017-04-05 |
JPWO2013180156A1 (ja) | 2016-01-21 |
EP2858219A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
CN104303404B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
TW201414119A (zh) | 2014-04-01 |
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