WO2013175846A1 - 保護継電装置の動作試験システム - Google Patents
保護継電装置の動作試験システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013175846A1 WO2013175846A1 PCT/JP2013/058272 JP2013058272W WO2013175846A1 WO 2013175846 A1 WO2013175846 A1 WO 2013175846A1 JP 2013058272 W JP2013058272 W JP 2013058272W WO 2013175846 A1 WO2013175846 A1 WO 2013175846A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
- G01R31/3278—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
- H02H3/044—Checking correct functioning of protective arrangements, e.g. by simulating a fault
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an operation test system for a protective relay device that performs an operation test of a protective relay device that protects electrical equipment from system abnormality.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-284057
- an input cut-off switch from the system is provided in the preceding stage of the analog input circuit of the protective relay device, thereby shutting off the input of electric quantity from the system to the analog input circuit.
- the characteristic test of the protective relay device is performed without any power failure.
- the characteristic test of the existing protective relay device connected to the system is performed without power failure or without power failure. Can do. However, during the characteristic test period of the protective relay device, the input from the system was cut off, so that the electrical equipment could not be protected.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is an operation test of a protective relay device in which the soundness of a protective function can be confirmed by a test signal generated by a test signal generation circuit while monitoring an external input.
- the purpose is to provide a system.
- An operation test system for a protection relay device is an operation test system for a protection relay device that detects a system abnormality and protects the electrical equipment of the system from the system abnormality, and receives an analog measurement value in response to an input signal from the system.
- An analog measurement circuit that outputs the analog measurement value output from the analog measurement circuit to a digital signal
- a test signal generation circuit that generates a test signal for the protective relay device
- the selector switch for switching between the test signal and the input signal from the system, and the digital signal from the A / D converter as an input
- the protective relay In addition to issuing a protection or control instruction based on the protection calculation of the electric device and the calculation result, the switching switch
- the CPU for controlling the switching timing of the circuit, the test signal input via the analog measurement circuit and the A / D converter, and the test signal input directly from the test signal generation circuit are compared to determine whether there is an abnormality.
- a protection / monitoring processing unit for determining whether there is an abnormality by sampling the test signal from the A / D converter and the input signal from the system alternately.
- the operation test of the existing protective relay device connected to the system can be performed without power failure or without power failure. Electrical equipment can be protected even during the test period.
- FIG. 10 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for a protective relay device according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an operation test system for a protective relay device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- reference numeral 100 indicates a protective relay device.
- the protective relay device 100 is input from a transformer (which will be described here as a transformer) 1 such as a transformer or a current transformer for converting an input signal from a system (not shown), and from the transformer 1 via a changeover switch 2.
- a transformer which will be described here as a transformer
- a current transformer for converting an input signal from a system (not shown)
- Analog measurement circuit 3 that amplifies the received signal and removes noise by the filter circuit
- a / D converter 4 that converts the analog signal from the analog measurement circuit 3 into a digital signal, computation and protection, or switching processing of the changeover switch 2
- a test signal generation circuit 6 that generates a test waveform in response to a command from the CPU 5.
- the changeover switch 2 is configured to switch a signal input to the analog measurement circuit 3 between a signal input from the transformer 1 and a signal input from the test signal generation circuit 6 in accordance with an instruction from the CPU 5.
- the test signal generation circuit 6 is composed of a D / A converter or a circuit that generates a signal of an arbitrary magnitude.
- the protective relay device 100 includes an output circuit 8 that generates a signal for operating the mechanical relay 7, a communication circuit 10 that performs communication with the central monitoring device 9 that collects information from the protective relay device 100, And display means 11 such as a lamp or a display screen for displaying the status of the system and the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6.
- the operation test system for the protective relay device is configured as described above, and the operation thereof will be described next.
- the CPU 5 switches the connection of the changeover switch 2 to the transformer 1 or the test signal generating circuit 6 every sampling, and as shown in FIGS. Sampling is alternately performed on the signal from the tester 1 and the signal from the test signal generation circuit 6.
- the number of times of sampling is an arbitrary value of 1 or more per cycle of the current or voltage waveform.
- the sampled data is data obtained by synthesizing both signals, but is divided into the data of the test signal generation circuit 6 and the data of the transformer 1 according to the timing of the sampling data in the software processing inside the CPU 5.
- the CPU 5 performs protection / monitoring processing on each divided data by the protection / monitoring processing unit 5a.
- the protection / monitoring processing unit 5a is illustrated as a functional unit inside the CPU 5, but may be configured as a functional unit outside the CPU 5.
- the circuit breaker (not shown) is opened by operating the mechanical relay 7 via the output circuit 8.
- the protection operation result is transmitted to the central monitoring device 9 by the communication circuit 10 without operating the mechanical relay 7. Thereby, the soundness of the protection function can be confirmed.
- the soundness of the protection function can be confirmed by the test signal generated by the test signal generation circuit 6 while monitoring the signal from the transformer 1, that is, the input from the system.
- the transformer 1 is used has been described above, the same applies to the case where a current transformer is used.
- Example 1 In response to a command from the CPU 5, the test signal generation circuit 6 generates a DC signal.
- the CPU 5 monitors that this DC signal is input as a test signal. Note that the DC signal mentioned here does not define the width (time) and magnitude of the signal, and, for example, a pulse waveform once per cycle is acceptable.
- the DC signal generated by the test signal generation circuit 6 is a pulse signal as shown in the upper part of FIG. 3A, and the signal generation interval t1, the signal width t2, and the signal magnitude d are defined. . Then, the output signal of the A / D converter 4 shown in FIG. 3B is converted into the data of the test signal generation circuit 6 as shown in FIG. And transformer 1 data.
- the lower stage of Fig.3 (a) has shown the input signal from a system
- the upper part shows data of the test signal generation circuit 6, and the lower part shows a signal from the transformer 1.
- Example 2 As shown in FIG. 4, the accuracy of the measurable range can be confirmed by increasing the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 stepwise from 0 to the measurable range. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, by increasing the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 every sampling, even if a circuit abnormality occurs during one cycle, it is detected immediately. Is possible. 4 and 5, the upper stage shows the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6, and the lower stage shows the signal from the transformer 1.
- test signal generation circuit 6 may generate a sine wave signal. Next, confirmation of the protection function using a sine wave will be described.
- the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 is a sine wave signal as shown in the upper part of FIG. 6A, and the magnitude and frequency of this signal are values in a range defined by the product specifications of the protective relay device 100. That is, the protection function is operated as a specified value. Then, the output signal of the A / D converter 4 shown in FIG. 6B is converted into the data of the test signal generation circuit 6 as shown in FIG. And transformer 1 data.
- the lower part of FIG. 6A shows an input signal from the system. Further, the upper part of FIG. 6C shows data of the test signal generation circuit 6, and the lower part shows a signal from the transformer 1.
- the central monitoring device 9 can confirm the operation change of the protection function. .
- test signal is a sine wave
- the protection function of the protective relay device 100 is operated on the test waveform.
- the test signal is used for monitoring the analog measuring circuit 3 of the protective relay device 100.
- the test signal generation circuit 6 outputs a test signal having a predetermined value (for example, the maximum value in the measurable range) as a sine wave.
- the CPU 5 performs common protection and monitoring processing on the captured test signal with the monitoring data, and compares it with a predetermined value.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a specific embodiment thereof.
- test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 is equivalent to the system, that is, the current and voltage input from the transformer 1, in addition to the soundness of the analog measurement circuit 3 and the A / D converter 4,
- the internal protection and monitoring processing of the CPU 5 can be diagnosed in real time, and a highly reliable protective relay device 100 can be realized.
- Example 5 Further, when the CPU 5 has the measurement display processing unit 12 as shown in FIG. 8, the conversion result by the test signal is displayed on the display screen of the display means 11, so that the user of the protective relay device 100 can change the system, It becomes possible to compare and confirm the measured value by the input from the device 1 and the measured value by the test signal on the screen.
- the user specifies an arbitrary value in the measurable range of the analog measurement circuit 3, and the soundness with respect to that value is specified. Can be visually confirmed, and the communication circuit 10 can also check the soundness of the central monitoring device 9.
- Embodiment 2 an operation test system for a protective relay device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
- a protection relay device is generally equipped with a plurality of protection elements.
- the present invention can also be applied to a protective relay device having a plurality of circuits.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating an operation test system for a protective relay device according to the second embodiment.
- reference numeral 200 denotes a protective relay device.
- the protective relay device 200 includes transformers 1a and 1b and current transformers 1c and 1n for converting input signals from a system (not shown), and switches from the transformers 1a and 1b and the current transformers 1c and 1n.
- the A / D converter 4 is provided with input terminals 1 to n for each.
- it is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and description is abbreviate
- the operation test system of the protective relay device is configured as described above, and the CPU 5 determines the circuit to which the test signal is output and the magnitude of the signal to the test signal generation circuit 6. specify.
- the test signal generation circuit 6 inputs a signal corresponding thereto to the target circuit.
- a plurality of circuits can also be selected.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the protection relay device operation test system according to the second embodiment, and shows an example of the sampling timing of the CPU 5 provided in the protection relay device 200.
- the signals from the transformers 1a and 1b and the current transformers 1c and 1n, that is, the input from the system are monitored.
- the soundness of the protection function can be confirmed by the test signal generated by the test signal generation circuit 6.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an operation test system for a protective relay device according to the third embodiment.
- the third embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, and has a configuration in which the input terminal of the A / D converter 4 of the protective relay device 300 is one point as shown in FIG.
- a 1: n analog switch 13 is provided in the preceding stage of the A / D converter 4, and sampling of inputs from the outside is performed while sequentially switching.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the protection relay device operation test system according to the third embodiment, and shows an example of the sampling timing of the CPU 5 provided in the protection relay device 300.
- Embodiment 4 FIG. Next, an operation test system for a protective relay device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described.
- the input to the primary side of the transformer or current transformer (herein described as a transformer) 1 is also possible. It is. This makes it possible to check the soundness of the transformer 1 inside the protective relay device.
- FIG. 13 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for a protective relay device according to the fourth embodiment.
- reference numeral 400 indicates a protective relay device.
- the protective relay device 400 includes an insulating portion 14 between the primary side of the transformer 1 and the internal circuit of the protective relay device 400, and an input circuit 15 to the test terminal 1 t of the transformer 1.
- Reference numeral 400 indicates a protective relay device.
- the protective relay device 400 includes an insulating portion 14 between the primary side of the transformer 1 and the internal circuit of the protective relay device 400, and an input circuit 15 to the test terminal 1 t of the transformer 1.
- an input circuit 15 to the test terminal 1 t of the transformer 1.
- the operation test system for the protective relay device is configured as described above. Since the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 is input to the primary side of the transformer 1, a large voltage signal is required. Become. For this reason, the transformer 1 is provided with a test terminal 1t, and the test signal of the test signal generation circuit 6 is input to the test terminal 1t. This eliminates the need for generating a large voltage. In addition, although the case where the transformer was used was demonstrated in the above, it is the same also when the current transformer is used.
- the soundness of the protective relay device 400 can be confirmed.
- the transformation inside the protective relay device can be confirmed.
- the soundness of the vessel 1 can also be confirmed.
- the first to fourth embodiments have been described.
- the electronic components used in the protective relay device are hardly deteriorated over time, and the operation of the protective function is executed by software processing. Therefore, there is almost no change in the operation of the protection function.
- the third embodiment described in the first embodiment may be performed periodically such as once a year or once a month as necessary.
- the first embodiment described in the first embodiment For 2, 4, and 5, the purpose is to detect an abnormality in the analog measurement circuit 3, so that the abnormality detection of the protective relay device can be immediately found by always executing it.
- this invention is not limited to these, Within the range of the invention, each embodiment can be combined freely and each embodiment can be suitably changed and abbreviate
Abstract
Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による保護継電装置の動作試験システムを説明するブロック構成図である。
図1において、符号100は保護継電装置を示している。保護継電装置100は、図示しない系統からの入力信号を変換する変圧器または変流器などの変成器(ここでは変圧器として説明する。)1、変圧器1から切換スイッチ2を介して入力される信号を増幅し、フィルタ回路により雑音を除去するアナログ計測回路3、アナログ計測回路3からのアナログ信号をデジタル信号へ変換するA/Dコンバータ4、演算や保護、あるいは切換スイッチ2の切換え処理を行うCPU5、およびCPU5からの指令に応じてテスト波形を生成するテスト信号生成回路6を備えている。なお、切換スイッチ2は、CPU5からの指示により、アナログ計測回路3へ入力される信号を、変圧器1から入力される信号とテスト信号生成回路6から入力される信号とを切換えるように構成されている。また、テスト信号生成回路6は、D/Aコンバータもしくは任意の大きさの信号を生成する回路で構成されている。
系統からの入力のサンプリング時においては、CPU5は切換スイッチ2をサンプリングの度に変圧器1あるいはテスト信号生成回路6に接続を切換えるようにし、図2(a)(b)に示すように、変圧器1からの信号とテスト信号生成回路6からの信号に対して交互にサンプリングを実行する。サンプリングの回数は電流または電圧波形1サイクルにつき1回以上の任意の値とする。サンプリング後のデータは、両信号が合成されたデータとなるが、CPU5の内部のソフトウエア処理において、サンプリングデータのタイミングにより、テスト信号生成回路6のデータと変圧器1のデータとに分割する。そしてCPU5は、分割したそれぞれのデータに対して保護/監視処理部5aにより、保護/監視処理を行う。なお、本実施の形態では、保護/監視処理部5aをCPU5の内部の機能部として図示しているが、CPU5の外部の機能部として具備するように構成してもよい。
(実施例1)
CPU5からの指令により、テスト信号生成回路6において直流信号を生成する。CPU5は、テスト信号としてこの直流信号が入力されていることの監視を行う。なお、ここで言う直流信号とは、信号の幅(時間)、および大きさを規定するものではなく、例えば1サイクルにつき1回のパルス状の波形でも可とする。
また、図4に示すように、テスト信号生成回路6のテスト信号を0から計測可能範囲まで段階的に大きくすることにより、計測可能範囲の精度確認が可能である。更にまた、図5(a)(b)に示すように、テスト信号生成回路6のテスト信号を1サンプリングごとに大きくすることにより、1サイクルの途中で回路の異常が発生した場合でも即時に検出が可能となる。なお、図4、図5において、上段がテスト信号生成回路6のテスト信号を示し、下段が変圧器1からの信号を示している。
前記においては、テスト信号生成回路6において、直流信号を生成する場合について説明したが、テスト信号生成回路6で正弦波信号を生成してもよい。次に、正弦波による保護機能の確認について説明する。
実施例3ではテスト信号を正弦波とし、テスト波形に対して保護継電装置100の保護機能を動作させたが、実施例4では保護継電装置100のアナログ計測回路3の監視用として使用する場合を説明する。
更に、図8に示すようにCPU5が計測表示処理部12を有する場合、表示手段11の表示画面においてテスト信号による変換結果を表示するので、保護継電装置100の使用者が系統、即ち、変圧器1からの入力による計測値とテスト信号による計測値を画面で比較確認することが可能となる。
次に、この発明の実施の形態2による保護継電装置の動作試験システムについて説明する。近年の保護継電装置は複数の保護要素を搭載したものが一般的となっている。実施の形態1では単一の回路例を説明したが、複数の回路を有する保護継電装置においても、本発明の適用は可能である。
次に、この発明の実施の形態3による保護継電装置の動作試験システムについて説明する。図11は、実施の形態3による保護継電装置の動作試験システムを説明するブロック構成図である。実施の形態3は実施の形態2の変形例であって、図11に示すように、保護継電装置300のA/Dコンバータ4の入力端子が1点の場合の構成である。複数の要素を入力する場合、A/Dコンバータ4の前段に1:nのアナログスイッチ13を設け、これで順次切換えを行いながらそれぞれの外部からの入力のサンプリングを実施する。
次に、この発明の実施の形態4による保護継電装置の動作試験システムについて説明する。これまではテスト信号生成回路6のテスト信号をアナログ計測回路3へ入力する場合について説明したが、変圧器または変流器(ここでは変圧器として説明する。)1の一次側への入力も可能である。これにより保護継電装置内部の変圧器1の健全性確認が可能である。
Claims (10)
- 系統異常を検出し系統の電気設備を系統異常から保護する保護継電装置の動作試験システムにおいて、
前記系統からの入力信号を受けてアナログ計測値を出力するアナログ計測回路と、
前記アナログ計測回路から出力される前記アナログ計測値をデジタル信号に変換するA/Dコンバータと、
前記保護継電装置に対するテスト信号を生成するテスト信号生成回路と、
前記保護継電装置の前記アナログ計測回路の前段に設けられ、前記テスト信号と前記系統からの入力信号とを切換える切換スイッチと、
前記A/Dコンバータからの前記デジタル信号を入力として取り込み、前記保護継電装置の保護演算と演算結果に基づいた保護もしくは制御の指示発令を行なうと共に、前記切換スイッチの切換えタイミングを制御するCPUと、
前記アナログ計測回路及び前記A/Dコンバータを経由して入力される前記テスト信号と前記テスト信号生成回路から直接入力される前記テスト信号とを比較して異常有無を判定する保護/監視処理部と、
を備え、
前記A/Dコンバータからの前記テスト信号と前記系統からの前記入力信号を交互にサンプリングを実施して異常の有無を監視することを特徴とする保護継電装置の動作試験システム。 - 系統異常を検出し系統の電気設備を系統異常から保護する保護継電装置の動作試験システムにおいて、
前記系統からの入力信号を受けてアナログの計測値を出力するアナログ計測回路と、
前記アナログ計測回路から出力される前記アナログ計測値をデジタル信号に変換するA/Dコンバータと、
前記保護継電装置に対するテスト信号を生成するテスト信号生成回路と、
前記保護継電装置の前記アナログ計測回路の前段に設けられ、前記テスト信号と前記系統からの入力信号とを切換える切換スイッチと、
前記A/Dコンバータからの前記デジタル信号を入力として取り込み、前記保護継電装置の保護演算と演算結果に基づいた保護もしくは制御の指示発令を行なうと共に、前記切換スイッチの切換えタイミングを制御するCPUと、
前記アナログ計測回路及び前記A/Dコンバータを経由して入力される前記テスト信号と前記テスト信号生成回路から直接入力される前記テスト信号とを比較して異常有無を判定する保護/監視処理部と、を備え、
前記A/Dコンバータからの前記テスト信号と前記系統からの前記入力信号を、前記系統の監視対象の電流又は電圧の1サイクル以下の間隔で交互にサンプリングを実施することを特徴とする保護継電装置の動作試験システム。 - 系統異常を検出し系統の電気設備を系統異常から保護する保護継電装置の動作試験システムにおいて、
前記系統からの入力信号を変換する複数の変成器と、
前記保護継電装置に対するテスト信号を生成するテスト信号生成回路と、
前記保護継電装置に設けられた複数のアナログ計測回路のそれぞれの前段に設けられ、前記テスト信号と前記複数の変成器のそれぞれからの入力信号とを切換える切換スイッチと、
前記切換スイッチの切換えタイミングを制御するCPUと、を備え、
前記テスト信号生成回路のテスト信号と前記複数の変成器のそれぞれからの入力信号で交互にサンプリングを実施することを特徴とする保護継電装置の動作試験システム。 - 前記CPUからの指令により前記テスト信号生成回路にて直流信号を生成し、前記CPUの指令と前記テスト信号生成回路で生成される直流信号から前記保護継電装置の動作を確認することを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記直流信号をパルス状の信号とし、前記信号の発生間隔、前記信号の幅、前記信号の大きさを規定し、前記保護継電装置の動作を確認することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記信号は、0から計測可能範囲まで段階的に大きくなる信号であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記信号は、1サンプリングごとに大きくされた信号であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記CPUからの指令により前記テスト信号生成回路にて正弦波信号を生成し、前記正弦波信号の大きさおよび周波数を前記保護継電装置の規定値として動作させることを特徴とする請求項1から3の何れか一項に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記規定値は、前記系統からの入力信号と同等であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
- 前記系統から入力信号を得る変成器を備え、前記テスト信号生成回路のテスト信号を前記変成器の一次側に入力することを特徴とする請求項1から9の何れか一項に記載の保護継電装置の動作試験システム。
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CN104380553A (zh) | 2015-02-25 |
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