PH12014502021B1 - Performance test system for protective relay apparatus - Google Patents

Performance test system for protective relay apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
PH12014502021B1
PH12014502021B1 PH12014502021A PH12014502021A PH12014502021B1 PH 12014502021 B1 PH12014502021 B1 PH 12014502021B1 PH 12014502021 A PH12014502021 A PH 12014502021A PH 12014502021 A PH12014502021 A PH 12014502021A PH 12014502021 B1 PH12014502021 B1 PH 12014502021B1
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Philippines
Prior art keywords
signal
protection relay
test
power system
test signal
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PH12014502021A
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PH12014502021A1 (en
Inventor
Satoru SASAKAWA
Kazuyori Katayama
Toshihiko Miyauchi
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of PH12014502021B1 publication Critical patent/PH12014502021B1/en
Publication of PH12014502021A1 publication Critical patent/PH12014502021A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3277Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
    • G01R31/3278Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches of relays, solenoids or reed switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02Details
    • H02H3/04Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/044Checking correct functioning of protective arrangements, e.g. by simulating a fault

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A performance test system for a protective relay apparatus (100) is provided with: a circuit (3) that receives an input signal from a power grid and outputs an analog measurement value; a converter (4) that converts the analog measurement value into a digital signal; a circuit (6) that generates a test signal for the protective relay apparatus (100); a switch (2) that is provided preceding the circuit (3), and switches between the test signal and an input signal from the power grid; a CPU (5) that takes in the digital signal as input, carries out protection calculation of the protective relay apparatus (100) and issues a command to protect or control the protective relay apparatus (100) on the basis of the calculation result, and controls the switching timing of the switch (2); and a protection/monitoring processing unit (5a) that compares the test signal that is inputted through the circuit (3) and the converter (4), and the test signal that is inputted directly from the circuit (6), and determines whether there is anything abnormal. The performance test system for a protective relay apparatus (100) samples test signals from the converter (4) and input signals from the power grid alternately, and monitors whether there is anything abnormal.

Description

According to this method, since the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 is comparable with the current and voltage input from the power system, ie. the potential transformer 1, the protection/monitoring processing within the CPU 5 as well as health of the analog measurement circuit 3 and the A/D converter 4 can be diagnosed in real time, which can provide the highly reliable protection relay 100. (Example 5)
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 8, when the CPU 5 includes a measurement display processing unit 12, the conversion result of the test signal is displayed on the display screen of the display means 11, so a user of the protection relay 100 } can compare and confirm on the screen the measurement value of the input from the power system, i.e., from the potential transformer 1 and the measurement value of the test signal.
The amplitude of the test signal can be specified through an operation function of the protection relay 100, which allows the user to specify a given value within the measurable range of the analog measurement circuit 3 and visually confirm health for the value and also allows the central monitoring device 9 to confirm the health through the communication circuit 10.
Second Embodiment
Next, an operation test system for protection relay according to a second embodiment of the invention is described. In recent years, protection relays generally include a plurality of protection elements. Although, in the First
Embodiment, an example of including a single circuit is described, the invention can also be applied to a protection relay including a plurality of circuits.
Fig. 9 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to the second embodiment. In Fig. 9, a protection relay 200 is shown. The protection relay 200 includes a potential transformers 1a, 1b and current transformers 1c, 1n for transforming an input signal from a power system not shown, and also includes n types of analog measurement circuits 3a, 3b, 3c, 3n for amplifying signals input from the potential transformers 1a, 1b and the current transformers 1c, 1n through switches 2a, 2b, 2c, 2n, respectively, and filtering out noise ‘using a filter circuit. Then, an A/D converter 4 includes input terminals 1 to n corresponding to the respective analog measurement circuits.
Note that the remaining configuration is similar to that of the first embodiment, thus is denoted by the same reference numerals and is not repeatedly described here.
The operation test system for protection relay according to the second embodiment is configured as above. The CPU 5 communicates with the test signal generator circuit 6 to specify a targeted circuit to be given a test signal, the amplitude of the signal and the like. The test signal generator circuit 6 inputs the corresponding signal to the targeted circuit. Here, a plurality of circuits can be selected.
After instructing the test signal generator circuit 6, the CPU 5 performs switching of one of the switches 2a, 2b, 2¢, 2n corresponding to the targeted one ~ of the analog measurement circuits 3a, 3b, 3c, 3n at each sampling time point. For the A/D converter 4 that can sample a plurality of channels at the same time, a wait time is provided around the switching to eliminate the effect of noise caused by the switching of the switches 2a, 2b, 2c, 2n. Fig. 10 illustrates the operation of the operation test system for protection relay according to the second embodiment, showing an example of the sampling timing of the CPU 5 provided in the protection relay 200.
As described above, also in the protection relay 200 including a plurality of circuits, similarly to the first embodiment, health of the protection function can be confirmed using a test signal generated by the test signal generator circuit 6 while the signal from the potential transformers 1a, 1b and the current transformers 1c, 1n, that is an input from the power system is being monitored.
Third Embodiment
Next, an operation test system for protection relay according to a third embodiment of the invention is described. Fig. 11 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to the third embodiment. The third embodiment is a variation of the second embodiment. As shown in Fig. 11, the A/D converter 4 of a protection relay 300 includes a single input terminal. For input of a plurality of elements, a 1:n analog switch 13 is provided at a stage prior to the A/D converter 4, then the respective external inputs are sampled while the analog switch 13 is performing sequential switching.
When each element has been sampled, the corresponding one of the switches 2a, 2b, 2c, 2n, is switched to connect with the test signal generator circuit 6 in advance. This creates some time before switching between the input from the potential transformers 1a, 1b and current transformers 1c, 1n and the input from the test signal generator circuit 6, which can reduce the effect of noise caused by switching of the switches 2a, 2b, 2¢, 2n. Fig. 12 illustrates the operation of the operation test system for protection relay according to the third embodiment, showing an example of the sampling timing of the CPU 5 provided in the protection relay 300.
Fourth Embodiment
Next, an operation test system for protection relay according to a fourth embodiment of the invention is described. In the above description, the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 is input to the analog measurement control 3. However, the test signal can also be input to the primary side of a potential transformer or current transformer (hereinafter described as a potential transformer) 1. This allows health of the potential transformer 1 in the protection relay to be confirmed.
Fig. 13 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to the fourth embodiment. In Fig. 13, a protection relay 400 is shown. The protection relay 400 includes: an insulating part 14 between the primary side of the potential transformer 1 and the internal circuit of the protection relay 400; and an input circuit 15 to a test terminal 1t of the potential transformer 1. Note that the remaining configuration is similar to that of the first embodiment, thus is denoted by the same reference numerals and is not repeatedly. described here.
The operation test system for protection relay according to the fourth embodiment it configured as above, then the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 is input to the primary side of the potential transformer 1, so a signal, so a signal with high voltage is required. In order to avoid this, the test terminal 1t is provided to the potential transformer 1 so that the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 is input to the test terminal 1t. This eliminates the need for generating a high voltage. Although the above description is made with reference to using the potential transformer, the same applies to using a current transformer.
As described above, also in the operation test system for protection relay according to the fourth embodiment, health of the protection relay 400 can be confirmed, and according to this embodiment, health of the potential transformer 1 in the protection relay can also be confirmed.
Thus, the first to fourth embodiments have been described. Electronic components used in the protection relay hardly deteriorate with age. Further, the operation of the protection function is performed by software processing, so a change in the operation of the protection function hardly occurs. Accordingly, the
Example 3 described in the First Embodiment may be periodically conducted once a year or once a month or the like as needed, and the Examples 1, 2, 4, 5 described in the First Embodiment are intended to detect an abnormality in the analog measurement circuit 3, so are constantly conducted to enable immediate detection of an abnormality in the protection relay. Note that the invention is not limited to these, and the embodiments of the invention may be freely combined or appropriately modified or omitted within the scope of the invention.
PERFORMANCE TEST SYSTEM FOR PROTECTIVE RELAY APPARATUS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to an operation test system for protection. . relay for conducting an operation test of a protection relay that protects an electric equipment from a power system abnormality. AY by
Re, £35
Background Art “Ne. 6
A protection relay used in an electric switchboard may have g-/géIf- monitoring function, such as monitoring of internal power supply Aoltage.
However, conventionally, such a protection relay is generally checked for : operation through a relay test in a periodic inspection once a year gr every few years. With an electric equipment in operation, since an input signal is always present, it is difficult to determine whether an abnormality is occurring in the electric equipment or in the protection relay. :
One example of conventional protection relay performance test system for conducting a performance test of a protection relay that protects an electric equipment from a power system abnormality is disclosed in JP-A-2010-284057 (PTL 1). in the PTL, 1 a switch for interrupting an input from the power system is provided at a stage prior to an analog input circuit of the protection relay, the switch interrupting an electric charge input from the power system to the analog input circuit. With this state, a test waveform is input to the analog input circuit to run the protection relay, thereby conducting a performance test of the protection relay without power supply interruption.
Citation List
Patent Literature
PTL 1: JP-A-2010-284057
Summary of Invention Technical Problem
According to the protection relay performance test system disclosed in the
PTL 1, a performance test of a previously installed protection relay connected to the power system can be conducted without an unexpected or planned power supply interruption. However, during the protection relay performance test, since an input from the power system is interrupted, the electric equipment is not protected.
In order to solve the above problem, it is an object of the present invention to relay to provide an operation test system for protection relay that can confirm health of the protection function using a test signal generated by a test signal generator circuit while monitoring an input from the outside.
Solution to the Problem
The operation test system for protection relay according to the invention is an operation test system for protection relay for detecting a power system abnormality to protect an electric equipment in the power system from the power system abnormality, including: an analog measurement circuit for receiving an input signal from the power system to output an analog measurement value; an
A/D converter for converting the analog measurement value output from the analog measurement circuit into a digital signal; a test signal generator circuit for generating a test signal for the protection relay; a switch provided at a stage prior to the analog measurement circuit for switching between the test signal and the input signal from the power system; a CPU for capturing as an input the digital signal output from the A/D converter, performing protection calculation on the protection relay and issuing an instruction for protection or control based on the calculation result and also for controlling the switching timing of the switch; and a protection/monitoring processing unit for comparing the test signal with the input signal from the power system to determine whether an abnormality exists or not, wherein the operation test system for protection relay alternately samples the test signal and the input signal from the power system by switching the test signal and the input signal by the switch to monitor whether an abnormality exists or not.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
According to the operation test system for protection relay according to the invention, an operation test of a previously installed protection relay connected to the power system can be conducted without an unexpected or planned power supply interruption, and also the electric equipment can be protected even when the operation test is being conducted.
Brief Description of Drawings [Fig. 1] Fig. 1 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to a first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 2] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 3] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 5] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 6] Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 7] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 8] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a specific example of the operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 9] Fig. 9 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to a second embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 10] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the operation test system for protection relay according to the second embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 11] Fig 11 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to a third embodiment of the invention. [Fig. 12] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the operation test system for protection relay according to the third embodiment of the invention.
[Fig. 13] Fig. 13 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation ) test system for protection relay according to a fourth embodiment.
Description of Embodiments
Preferred embodiments of an operation test system for protection relay in accordance with the invention is described below with reference to the drawings.
Note that, through the drawings, the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
First Embodiment
Fig. 1 is a block configuration diagram illustrating an operation test system for protection relay according to a first embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 1, a protection relay 100 is shown. The protection relay 100 : includes: a transformer 1, such as a potential transformer or current transformer (hereinafter described as a potential transformer), for transforming an input signal from a power system not shown; an analog measurement circuit 3 for amplifying a signal input from the potential transformer 1 through a switch 2 and filtering out noise using a filter circuit; an A/D converter 4 for converting an analog signal from the analog measurement circuit 3 into a digital signal; a CPU 5 for performing calculation, protection or switching processing for the switch 2; and a test signal generator circuit 6 for generating a test waveform in response to an instruction from the CPU 5. Note that the switch 2 is configured to select a signal input to the analog measurement circuit 3 from a signal input from the potential transformer 1 and a signal input from the test signal generator circuit 6 in response to an instruction from the CPU 5. Further, the test signal generator 6 includes a D/A converter or a circuit for generating a signal having a given amplitude.
Furthermore, the protection relay 100 includes: an output circuit 8 for generating a signal for driving a mechanical relay 7; a communication circuit 10 for communicating with a central monitoring device 9 that collects information from the protection relay 100, and a display means 11, such as a lamp or display screen, for showing a state of the power system or a state of a test signal of the test signal generator circuit 6.
: ~The operation test system for protection relay according to the first embodiment is configured as above, the operation of which is described below.
When an input from the power system is sampled, the CPU 5 causes the switch 2 to switch the connection between the potential transformer 1 and the test signal generator circuit 6 at each sampling time point so that the signal from the potential transformer 1 and the signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 are alternately sampled as shown Figs. 2(a) and 2(b). The number of sampling time points per one cycle of current or voltage waveform may be a given value greater ~ than or equal to one. The sampled data is data in which both signals are combined, which is divided into the data from the test signal generator circuit 6 and the data from potential transformer 1 according to the timing of the sampled data by software processing within the CPU 5. Then, in the CPU 5, a protection/monitoring processing unit 5a performs protection/monitoring processing on each of the divided data. Note that, in this embodiment, the protection/monitoring processing unit 5a is shown as an internal function unit of the CPU 5, but may be included as a function unit external to the CPU 5.
When the CPU 5 detects a power system abnormality from the signal from the potential transformer 1, the CPU 5 drives the mechanical relay 7 through the output circuit 8 as to open a circuit breaker (not shown). On the other hand, in protection operation using the signal from the test signal generator circuit 6, the
CPU 5 does not drive the mechanical relay 7, but sends a result of protection operation to the central monitoring device 9 through the communication circuit 10.
Thus, health of the protection function can be confirmed.
As described above, health of the protection function can be confirmed using a test signal generated by the test signal generator circuit 6 while the signal from the potential transformer 1, that is, an input from the power system is being : monitored. Although the above description is made with reference to using the potential transformer 1, the same applies to using a current transformer.
Next, a specific example of the protection/monitoring processing by the
CPU 5is described. (Example 1)
In response to an instruction from the CPU 5, the test signal generator circuit 6 generates a DC signal. The CPU 5 monitors the DC signal being input as a test signal. Note that the signal as is defined here does not define the width (duration) and amplitude of the signal, but, for example, may be a pulse-like waveform occurring once per cycle.
For example, a pulse-like signal as shown in the upper portion of Fig. 3(a) is used as the signal generated by the test signal generator circuit 6, in which a signal occurrence interval t1, a signal width t2 and a signal amplitude d are defined. Then, an output signal of the A/D converter 4 shown in Fig. 3(b) is divided into the data from the test signal generator circuit 6 and the data from the potential transformer 1 according to the timing of the sampled data by software processing within the CPU 5 as shown in Fig. 3(c). Note that the lower portion of Fig. 3(a) shows an input signal from the power system. Further, in Fig. 3(c), the upper portion shows the data from the test signal generator circuit 6, and the lower portion shows the signal from the potential transformer 1.
As described above, these values are monitored in the monitoring processing of the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6, allowing a circuit component failure to be detected, for example, when the switch 2 or A/D converter 4 fails with the input terminal on. (Example 2)
Further, as shown in Fig. 4, the amplitude of the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 can be gradually increased from zero to a measurable limit to determine the precision of a measurable range. Furthermore, as shown in
Figs. 5(a) and 5(b), the amplitude of the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6 is increased at each sampling time point, which allows immediate detection of a circuit abnormality even when it occurs in the middle of one cycle.
Note that, in Figs. 4 and 5, the upper portion shows the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6, and the lower portion shows the signal from the potential transformer 1. (Example 3)
In the above description, the test signal generator circuit 6 generates a DC signal. However, the test signal generator circuit 6 may also generate a sinusoidal
“signal. Now, confirmation of the protection function using a sinusoidal wave is described.
A sinusoidal signal as shown in the upper portion of Fig. 6(a) is used as the test signal from the test signal generator circuit 6. Then, the amplitude and frequency of this signal is set to a value within a range defined by the product specification of the protection relay 100, i.e., a specified value to run the protection function. Then, an output signal of the A/D converter 4 as shown in Fig. 6(b) divided into the data from the test signal generator circuit 6 and data from the potential transformer 1 according to the timing of the sampled data by software processing within the CPU 5 as shown in Fig. 6(c). Note that the lower portion of
Fig. 6(a) shows an input signal from the power system. Further, in Fig 6(c), the upper portion shows the data from the test signal generator circuit 6, and the "lower portion shows the signal from the potential transformer 1.
This can be used as a substitute for a relay test conducted in a periodic inspection for the protection relay 100. The central monitoring device 9 can periodically collect the operation result data through the communication circuit 10 included in protection relay 100 to confirm a change in the operation of the ~ protection function. (Example 4)
In Example 3, a sinusoidal wave is used as the test signal to run the protection function of the protection function relay 100 on the test waveform. Now, in Example 4, the sinusoidal wave is used for monitoring the analog measurement circuit 3 of the protection relay 100.
The test signal generator circuit 6 outputs a test signal having a predefined value (for example, a maximum value within a measurable range) in a sinusoidal wave. On the captured test signal, the CPU 5 performs the same protection/monitoring processing as that for data to be monitored and compares with a predefined value. Fig. 7 shows a specific example of this.

Claims (10)

CLAIMS :
1. An operation test system for protection relay for detecting a power system abnormality to protect an electric equipment in the power system from the power system abnormality, comprising: | * 7> an analog measurement circuit for receiving an input signal from4he pow r
2. 7 system to output an analog measurement value; Te. Po an A/D converter for converting the analog measurement value t from the analog measurement circuit into a digital signal; a test signal generator circuit for generating a test signal fgf/the protection relay; : a switch provided at a stage prior to the analog measurement circuit for switching between the test signal and the input signal from the power system; : ~ a CPU for capturing as an input the digital signal output from the A/D converter, performing protection calculation on the protection relay and issuing an instruction for protection or control based on the calculation result and also for controlling the switching timing of the switch; and a protection/monitoring processing unit for comparing the test signal with the input signal from the power system to determine whether an abnormality exists or not, wherein the operation test system for protection relay alternately samples the test signal and the input signal from the power system by switching the test signal and the input signal by the switch to monitor whether an abnormality exists or not.
2. An operation test system for protection relay for detecting a power system abnormality to protect an electric equipment in the power system from the power system abnormality, comprising: an analog measurement circuit for receiving an input signal from the power system to output an analog measurement value;
: an A/D converter for converting the analog measurement value output from the analog measurement circuit into a digital signal; a test signal generator circuit for generating a test signal for the protection relay; a switch provided at a stage prior to the analog measurement circuit for switching between the test signal and the input signal from the power system; a CPU for capturing as an input the digital signal output from the A/D converter, performing protection calculation on the protection relay and issuing an instruction for protection or control based on the calculation result and also for controlling the switching timing of the switch; and a protection/monitoring processing unit for comparing the test signal with the input signal from the power system to determine whether an abnormality exists or not, wherein the operation test system for protection relay alternately samples the test signal and the input signal from the power system by switching the test signal and input signal by the switch at intervals of less than or equal to one cycle of monitored current or voltage of the power system.
3. An operation test system for protection relay for detecting a power system abnormality to protect an electric equipment in the power system from the power system abnormality, comprising: : a plurality of transformers for transforming an input signal from the power system; a test signal generator circuit for generating a test signal for the protection relay; switches provided at a stage prior to a plurality of analog measurement circuits provided in the protection relay, respectively, for switching between the test signal and the input signal from each of the plurality of transformers; and a CPU for controlling the switching timing of the switches,
oo wherein the operation test system for protection relay alternately samples : the test signal from the test signal generator circuit and the input signal from each of the plurality of transformers by switching the test signal and the input signal by the switches. 4 The operation test system for protection relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a DC signal is generated by the test signal generator circuit in response to an instruction from the CPU, then the operation of the protection relay is confirmed according to the instruction from the CPU and the DC signal generated by the test signal generator circuit.
5. The operation test system for protection relay according to claim 4, wherein a pulse-like signal is used as the DC signal, in which the occurrence interval of the signal, the width of the signal and the amplitude of the signal are defined, then the operation of the protection relay is confirmed.
6. The operation test system for protection relay according to claim 5, wherein the amplitude of the signal is gradually increased from zero to a measurable limit.
7. The operation test system for protection relay according to claim 5, wherein the amplitude of the signal is increased at each sampling time point.
8. The operation test system for protection relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sinusoidal signal is generated by the test signal generator circuit in response to an instruction from the CPU, then the amplitude and frequency of the sinusoidal signal is used as a defined value for the protection relay.
9. The operation test system for protection relay according to claim 8, wherein the defined value is comparable with an input signal from the power system.
10. The operation test system for protection relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a transformer for receiving an input signal from the power system, wherein the test signal from the test signal generator circuit is input to the primary side of the transformer.
PH12014502021A 2012-05-21 2014-09-10 Performance test system for protective relay apparatus PH12014502021A1 (en)

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PCT/JP2013/058272 WO2013175846A1 (en) 2012-05-21 2013-03-22 Performance test system for protective relay apparatus

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CN104380553A (en) 2015-02-25
TWI459013B (en) 2014-11-01
KR101617117B1 (en) 2016-04-29
KR20150001771A (en) 2015-01-06
CN104380553B (en) 2016-10-12
JP5791796B2 (en) 2015-10-07
PH12014502021A1 (en) 2014-11-24
TW201400837A (en) 2014-01-01
WO2013175846A1 (en) 2013-11-28

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