WO2013129663A1 - 機能性核酸分子の構築法、および当該方法に用いる核酸組合せ物 - Google Patents
機能性核酸分子の構築法、および当該方法に用いる核酸組合せ物 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule in a cell and a nucleic acid combination used in the method.
- Nucleic acid molecules are known that do not encode proteins but perform important functions in various life phenomena. Examples of such nucleic acid molecules include functional non-coding RNA molecules (Non-patent Document 1) and small RNA molecules that cause RNA interference (Non-patent Document 2).
- RNA interference is an important technique (Non-patent Document 3) that specifically suppresses the action of target RNA in cells, and as a reagent, it is also used as a medicine (Non-patent Document 4). Has been studied.
- RNA that causes RNA interference is a small molecule, in order to maximize its effect, it is necessary to further improve the permeability of the cell membrane and suppress the toxic expression by activating the immune system There is a further need for.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to construct a functional nucleic acid molecule in a cell by introducing the functional nucleic acid molecule into a cell in an easy-to-use form and introducing it into the cell. Is to provide etc.
- the present invention is a method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule comprising one or two nucleic acid strands, wherein two or more functional group pairs that are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction are attached to corresponding ends.
- a method comprising:
- the present invention also provides a nucleic acid combination used in the above-described method, comprising the above-described nucleic acid strand constituting a functional nucleic acid molecule, and at least one of the nucleic acid strands is a functional group that is mutually bonded by a chemical reaction.
- Nucleic acid combinations for the construction of functional nucleic acid molecules are provided which are included as two or more fragments with pairs attached to corresponding ends.
- a functional nucleic acid molecule can be constructed in a cell by introducing the functional nucleic acid molecule into a cell as a plurality of fragments that can be easily taken into the cell.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present invention.
- it is a figure which shows the arrangement
- it is a figure which shows the result of the ligation in vitro.
- it is a figure which shows the result of the expression of a luciferase gene.
- it is a figure which shows the result of the expression of a luciferase gene.
- it is a figure which shows the result of an immune response measurement.
- the method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention is a method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule composed of one or two nucleic acid strands, and includes the following steps 1) and 2). 1) an introduction step of introducing two or more fragments having functional groups paired together by chemical reaction at the corresponding ends into cells; 2) The production
- the method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention is a method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule composed of one or two nucleic acid strands, and includes the following steps 1) and 2). 1) At least one of the nucleic acid strands is made into two or more fragments with functional group pairs that are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction attached to corresponding ends, and then, the one or two nucleic acid strands (ie, An introduction step of introducing at least one fragment into two or more fragments, 2) The production
- the nucleic acid chain constituting the functional nucleic acid molecule is introduced into the cell as a plurality of fragments, and the functional nucleic acid molecule is constructed in the cell. Therefore, the uptake of functional nucleic acid molecules into cells is improved. Further, since at least a part of the nucleic acid chain is used as a shorter fragment, immunotoxicity caused by the functional nucleic acid molecule can be suppressed.
- a functional nucleic acid molecule is formed by linking a plurality of nucleic acids in a chain form (that is, oligo or polynucleotide), does not encode a protein, and is predetermined for life phenomena such as development and differentiation. It refers to a nucleic acid molecule that performs the function of Therefore, primers and probes that do not exhibit a particular function in life phenomena and simply hybridize in a target-specific manner are excluded from the category of functional nucleic acid molecules in the present invention.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is a DNA molecule, an RNA molecule, or a DNA / RNA hybrid molecule.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule may be composed of one nucleic acid chain or may be composed of two nucleic acid chains.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule may contain a non-natural nucleic acid in a part thereof.
- the term “nucleic acid chain” refers to a full-length nucleic acid chain in a state of constituting a functional nucleic acid molecule, and the term “fragment” corresponding to a shorter version of the “nucleic acid chain”. (To be described later).
- DNA molecules examples include DNA aptamer; CpG motif; DNAzyme; and the like.
- DNA aptamer examples include DNA aptamer; CpG motif; DNAzyme; and the like.
- those whose base is a DNA strand and into which RNA and / or a non-natural nucleic acid are introduced are classified as DNA molecules.
- RNA molecules examples include RNA aptamers; RNA molecules exhibiting RNA interference (nucleic acid molecules for RNAi) such as shRNA, siRNA, and microRNA; antisense RNA molecules; RNA ribozymes; and the like.
- RNA molecules those whose base is an RNA chain and into which DNA and / or a non-natural nucleic acid are partially introduced are classified as RNA molecules.
- DNA / RNA hybrid molecules examples include DNA / RNA hybrid aptamers
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is preferably one that hybridizes within the above-described nucleic acid strand or hybridizes between different nucleic acid strands in order to exert its function. The reason is also referred to the description in the following column (Example of preferred design of nucleic acid chain fragment).
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is more preferably an RNAi nucleic acid molecule having a hybridizing region formed by hybridization within a nucleic acid strand or between different nucleic acid strands, and more preferably an RNAi nucleic acid molecule comprising two nucleic acid strands. It is.
- the length (mer) of the nucleic acid strand of the RNAi nucleic acid molecule comprising two nucleic acid strands is, for example, 15 to 40 mer, preferably 15 to 35 mer, and more preferably 20 to 35 mer.
- a “fragment” of a nucleic acid chain constituting a functional nucleic acid molecule corresponds to a nucleic acid molecule obtained by dividing the “nucleic acid chain” into two or more. When all “fragments” derived from one nucleic acid chain are linked in an appropriate order, a nucleic acid molecule having the same nucleic acid sequence as that nucleic acid chain is constructed. However, the term “fragment” is not intended to generate a fragment by once constructing a nucleic acid chain and then dividing it.
- a nucleic acid chain constituting a functional nucleic acid molecule is constructed by binding fragments, the 3 'end and 5' end between different fragments are mutually bonded.
- the combination of the 3′-end and the 5′-end to be mutually bonded is referred to as “corresponding end”. That is, the “corresponding ends” are ends adjacent to each other when the fragments are aligned so as to constitute a nucleic acid chain from which the fragments are designed.
- the length of the “fragment” derived from one nucleic acid strand is not particularly limited, but it may be preferable to prevent the difference in length (mer) between different fragments from becoming too large. In this respect, it is preferable that all the remaining fragments have a length of [25% ⁇ longest fragment length (mer)] or more with respect to the longest “fragment” derived from one nucleic acid strand, More preferably, the length is equal to or greater than 30% ⁇ the length of the longest fragment (mer)].
- a functional group pair (combination of functional groups) bonded to each other by a chemical reaction is bonded to the “corresponding terminal”, and a nucleic acid chain is formed by bonding these fragments by reacting these functional groups.
- the above functional group pair is not particularly limited, but for example, a combination of an electrophilic group and a nucleophilic group is preferable. That is, an electrophilic group is bonded to one of the “corresponding ends” and a nucleophilic group is bonded to the other of the “corresponding ends”, whereby different fragments are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction.
- the electrophilic group and nucleophilic group may be bonded to either the 3 'end or the 5' end. That is, the electrophilic group may be bonded to the 3 ′ end and the nucleophilic group may be bonded to the 5 ′ end, or the electrophilic group may be bonded to the 5 ′ end and the nucleophilic group bonded to the 3 ′ end. May be.
- the electrophilic group is not particularly limited, but includes an iodoacetyl group (reference: Bioconjugate, Chem. 2008, 19, 327), and a bromoacetyl group (reference: Nucleic Acids.Res., 22, 5076). Halogenated alkyl group; iodo group (reference: Tetrahedron Lett., 1995, 38, 55959) and halogen group such as bromo group; formyl group; In one embodiment, it may be preferred that the electrophilic group is an iodoacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, or an iodo group.
- the nucleophilic group is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include phosphorothioate group; thiol group; hydroxy group; amino group; alkylthio group such as thiomethyl group; alkoxy group such as methoxy group; In one embodiment, it may be preferred that the nucleophilic group is a phosphorothioate group.
- the combination of the electrophilic group and the nucleophilic group constituting the functional group pair is not particularly limited, but a halogenated alkyl group or a combination of a halogen group and a phosphorothioate group, or a halogenated alkyl group or a halogen group and a thiol. Combinations with groups, etc. may be preferred.
- the combination of the electrophilic group and the nucleophilic group constituting the functional group pair is more preferably an iodoacetyl group, a bromoacetyl group, or a combination of an iodo group and a phosphorothioate group. It may be preferable.
- sugar indicates only a skeleton portion, and may be ribose or deoxyribose.
- B in the chemical formula represents various bases constituting the nucleic acid. That is, the following example shows a case where the functional nucleic acid molecule is an RNA molecule, but a DNA molecule can be similarly configured.
- the nucleophilic group is formed at a desired timing. It is preferably protected by a protecting group capable of deprotection. That is, in one embodiment, the functional group pair is preferably a combination of an electrophilic group and a nucleophilic group protected by a protecting group.
- the type of protecting group that protects the nucleophilic group may be appropriately selected according to the type of nucleophilic group.
- Preferred protecting groups include, for example, those that are eliminated from the nucleophilic group by the action of endogenous substances in the cell.
- the “endogenous substance in the cell” is paired with the “substance introduced from outside the cell” described later, and is intended to be a substance originally held by the cell.
- Examples of endogenous substances in cells include enzymes and peptides. Enzymes, peptides, and the like that are expressed in cells by gene transfer are not “introduced from outside the cell” themselves, and are therefore a category of endogenous substances in cells.
- those that can be used for protecting phosphorothioate groups include phenylthio groups (a) and other arylthio groups having the following structures. And those capable of disulfide protecting the phosphorothioate group; nitrobenzyl group (b), ester (c, d), thiocarbonyl (e), and amide (f); and derivatives thereof.
- the nitrobenzyl group may be any of an o-nitrobenzyl group, an m-nitrobenzyl group and a p-nitrobenzyl group, but an m-nitrobenzyl group and a p-nitrobenzyl group are preferable from the viewpoint of reactivity.
- R, R ′ and R ′′ in (c), (d), and (f) are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair the object of the present invention.
- a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aryl may have, for example, 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- N-butyl group isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, isopentyl group, hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group and decyl group
- Alkyl group cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cycloheptyl group, cyclooctyl group, cyclononyl group, cyclyl
- examples thereof include cyclic alkyl groups such as a lodecyl group and an adamantyl group, and examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a tolyl group, and a naphthyl group.
- Examples of the substituent of the alkyl group or aryl group include a halogen atom (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine), a hydroxyl group, and an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms (preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms) (chain-like). And a cyclic alkyl group), an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyano group, A nitro group etc. are mentioned.
- chain alkyl groups as substituents When a plurality of chain alkyl groups as substituents are present on the aryl group, these chain alkyl groups may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and 1 to 1 carbon atoms in the ring Several (preferably 1 to 3) may be substituted with oxygen atoms.
- an alkyl substituent located on adjacent carbon atoms on an aryl group forms a ring, and a 1,3-dioxolane-like ring structure in which two carbon atoms are substituted with an oxygen atom is formed. Is mentioned.
- alkyl group having a cyclic alkyl group as a substituent examples include a cyclopentylmethyl group, a cyclopentylethyl group, a cyclopentylpropyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, a cyclohexylethyl group, and a cyclohexylpropyl group.
- alkyl group having an aryl group as a substituent include a benzyl group, a phenylethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a naphthalenylmethyl group, a naphthalenylethyl group, and a naphthalenylpropyl group.
- a part of the skeleton of the aryl group may be substituted with a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom to form a heterocyclic ring.
- a plurality of hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring in (a), (b), and (e) may be substituted with substituents independently of each other. Accordingly, as derivatives of (a), (b), and (e), for example, hydrogen atoms (eg, 1 to 3) on the benzene ring in (a), (b), or (e) are substituted as described above. What was substituted by what was enumerated as a group is mentioned.
- the phenylthio group is reduced and eliminated by an in vivo thiol source such as GSH (glutathione) present in cells.
- GSH glutthione
- the nitrobenzyl group is reduced and eliminated by nitroreductase present in the cell (reference: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 11, 2453).
- Esters and thiocarbonyls are eliminated by esterases present in the cells.
- Amides are eliminated by peptidases present in the cells.
- the phosphorothioate group is protected by a protecting group such as (a) to (f) above, the phosphorothioate group is not substantially deprotected outside the cell. Therefore, a binding reaction does not occur only by mixing nucleic acid chain fragments outside the cell. Therefore, the possibility that the fragment can be introduced into the cell by a single operation is increased. Furthermore, since the deprotection reaction occurs naturally by the enzyme or peptide present in the cell, both the introduction step and the production step can be performed in one operation.
- the protecting group for protecting the phosphorothioate group includes those capable of leaving the nucleophilic group by light irradiation.
- Examples of such protecting groups include the following (g) to (j) and derivatives thereof (reference documents: Molecular Pharmaceuticals, 2009, 6, 669).
- R 1 , R 2 and n in (g) to (j) are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair the object of the present invention.
- R 1 and R 2 are independently of each other a hydrogen atom or a carbon number.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 3, preferably 1 or 2 in (g), preferably 1 in (h) and (j).
- n is 2 or 3
- n R 1 s may be different from each other
- n R 2 s may be different from each other.
- a plurality of hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring in (g) to (j) may be substituted with substituents independently of each other. Therefore, as derivatives of (g) to (j), for example, those in which hydrogen atoms (for example, 1 to 3) on the benzene ring in (g) to (j) are substituted with those listed above as substituents Is mentioned.
- the phosphorothioate group is protected by a protecting group such as the above (g) to (j), the phosphorothioate group is substantially eliminated extracellularly under conditions that do not irradiate light having a wavelength necessary for elimination of the protecting group. Not deprotected. Therefore, a binding reaction does not occur only by mixing nucleic acid chain fragments outside the cell. Therefore, the possibility that the fragment can be introduced into the cell by a single operation is increased. Furthermore, the deprotection reaction can be caused at a desired timing by controlling the timing of light irradiation.
- R 3 and R 4 in the protecting group each independently represent a substituent which may be substituted on the aryl group shown above.
- Examples of the protecting group for protecting the phosphorothioate group include those other than those described above, which are eliminated by a substance introduced from outside the cell.
- Examples of such protecting groups include an azidobenzyl group (k) and derivatives thereof.
- the azidobenzyl group may be any of o-azidobenzyl group, m-azidobenzyl group and p-azidobenzyl group, but p-azidobenzyl group is preferred from the viewpoint of reactivity.
- a plurality of hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring in (k) may be independently substituted with substituents.
- examples of the derivative of (k) include those in which hydrogen atoms (for example, 1 to 3) on the benzene ring in (k) are substituted with those listed above as substituents.
- the azidobenzyl group is eliminated by introducing phosphine into the cell (reference: Bioconjugate, Chem. 2008, 19, 714).
- the phosphine is preferably a water-soluble phosphine from the viewpoint of membrane permeability.
- the phosphorothioate group is protected by a protecting group such as (k) above, the phosphorothioate group is not substantially deprotected outside the cell. Therefore, a binding reaction does not occur only by mixing nucleic acid chain fragments outside the cell. Therefore, the possibility that the fragment can be introduced into the cell by a single operation is increased. Furthermore, the deprotection reaction can be caused to occur at a desired timing by controlling the timing at which the deprotecting agent (phosphine or the like) is taken into the cells.
- the deprotecting agent phosphine or the like
- a binding reaction can be caused by introducing cyanogen bromide (BrCN) into the cell.
- a combination of an amino group and an aldehyde group as the functional group pair (reference document: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 10144; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 1119, 12420) is also available. Can be mentioned.
- a binding reaction can be caused by introducing sodium cyanoborohydride (NaCNBH 3 ) or potassium cyanoborohydride (KBH 3 CN) into the cell.
- sugar indicates only a skeleton portion, and may be ribose or deoxyribose.
- B in the chemical formula represents various bases constituting the nucleic acid. That is, the above example shows the case where the functional nucleic acid molecule is an RNA molecule, but a DNA molecule can be similarly configured.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule when the functional nucleic acid molecule is composed of two nucleic acid strands, at least one of the functional nucleic acid molecules may be two or more fragments, but it is preferable that both of them are two or more fragments.
- the method for producing the “fragment” of the nucleic acid chain having the functional group at its end is not particularly limited.
- the oligonucleotide portion of the fragment can be synthesized by an in vitro transcription synthesis method, a method using a plasmid or a viral vector, a method using a PCR cassette, or the like.
- the chemical synthesis method is preferable from the viewpoints of high purity, mass synthesis, high in-use safety, and chemical modification. Examples of the chemical synthesis method include a phosphoramidite method and an H-phosphonate method, and a commercially available nucleic acid synthesizer can be used.
- a method of attaching a predetermined functional group and protecting group to the 3 ′ end and 5 ′ end (corresponding end) of the oligonucleotide may be performed according to a known method according to the type of the functional group.
- the nucleic acid constituting the “corresponding terminal” is preferably a deoxyribonucleic acid nucleic acid, regardless of the type of “nucleic acid chain”, and dA, dG, dC, More preferably, it is selected from dT.
- the fragment produced in this way is preferably purified before the introduction step depending on the use from the viewpoint of in-vivo safety.
- a cell membrane permeable molecule may be bound to the fragment.
- membrane-permeable peptides such as TAT peptide, oligoarginine, PENETRATIN, and TP-10; cholesterol; vitamin A and the like.
- nucleic acid chain fragment When the functional nucleic acid molecule is one that hybridizes within a nucleic acid chain or hybridizes between different nucleic acid chains in order to exert its function,
- the fragments are preferably designed so that the binding between the fragments occurs in the hybridizing region.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a preferred design of siRNA as a functional nucleic acid molecule (see also Examples).
- siRNA is configured such that a first RNA strand and a second RNA strand are hybridized.
- the first RNA strand has a first fragment (A in the figure) provided with a phosphorothioate group (one of functional group pairs) at the 3 ′ end and an iodoacetyl group (the other functional group pair) at the 5 ′ end. It is given as a given second fragment (B in the figure).
- the second RNA strand is composed of a third fragment (C in the figure) to which a phosphorothioate group (one of functional group pairs) is added at the 3 ′ end, and an iodoacetyl group (the other functional group pair) at the 5 ′ end. ) Is given as a fourth fragment (D in the figure). Note that each phosphorothioate group is protected by a phenylthio group (protecting group).
- the first RNA strand and the second RNA strand are each designed to be two fragments at positions shifted from each other. That is, the first fragment and the second fragment constituting the first RNA strand both hybridize to the third fragment so as to be adjacent to each other. Similarly, the third fragment and the fourth fragment constituting the second RNA strand both hybridize to the first fragment so as to be adjacent to each other.
- the corresponding ends to which the functional groups are attached are close to each other, and the binding reaction between the functional groups in the production step can be efficiently caused. it can.
- the binding between the fragments constituting the first RNA strand and the binding between the fragments constituting the second RNA strand occur at different locations (positions shifted from each other) in the hybridizing region.
- one in which only one of the first RNA strand or the second RNA strand is fragmented is also preferable from the viewpoint that the corresponding ends can be brought close to each other efficiently. It is an example of fragmentation.
- siRNA was illustrated as a functional nucleic acid molecule in FIG. 1, the design of the fragment
- the introduction step comprises two or more “fragments” in which “functional group pairs” that mutually bond at least one of the above “nucleic acid strands” constituting a functional nucleic acid molecule are attached to “corresponding ends” by chemical reaction.
- This is a step of introducing all the nucleic acid chains constituting the functional nucleic acid molecule into cells.
- the definitions of “nucleic acid chain”, “functional group pair”, “corresponding terminal”, and “fragment” are as described above.
- nucleic acid combination refers to a combination of two or more nucleic acid molecules, which may be in the form of a mixed composition or stored in separate storage containers. It may be in the form of being isolated (unmixed) from each other. 1) When the functional nucleic acid molecule consists of one nucleic acid chain, two or more “fragments” for constructing the nucleic acid chain. It is preferred that all nucleic acid molecules are contained in approximately equal amounts (numbers).
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is composed of two nucleic acid strands, two or more of the above “fragments” for constructing one nucleic acid strand and another nucleic acid strand. It is preferred that all nucleic acid molecules are contained in approximately equal amounts (numbers).
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is composed of two nucleic acid strands, two or more of the “fragments” for constructing one nucleic acid strand and two or more for constructing another nucleic acid strand The above “fragment”. It is preferred that all nucleic acid molecules are contained in approximately equal amounts (numbers).
- the cell into which the nucleic acid combination is to be introduced is not particularly limited.
- the target cells may be either prokaryotic cells or eukaryotic cells.
- eukaryotic cells include cells derived from fungi, plants and animals.
- Animal cells include non-mammalian cells such as insect cells and mammalian cells.
- Mammalian cells include rodents such as mice, rats and guinea pigs, non-human animal cells such as rabbits, dogs and cats, or human cells.
- the cell may be a cultured cell or a living cell (an unisolated cell in the living body).
- a preferable example of the cell is a cultured human cell, a human living cell, a cultured cell of a non-human disease model animal, or a living cell of a non-human disease model animal.
- the method for introducing the nucleic acid combination is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the introduction method in vitro include an electroporation method, a microinjection method, a lipofection method, and a calcium phosphate method.
- Examples of the introduction method in vivo include local administration, intravenous administration, and a method using a gene gun.
- a method using no microorganism or the like is preferable from the viewpoint of safety.
- it is preferable to prepare a sample containing a nucleic acid combination before introduction in vivo so as to be compatible with a living body by dialysis or pH adjustment.
- nucleic acid molecules constituting the nucleic acid combination may be mixed together and introduced into the cell as a nucleic acid composition by a single operation, or may be introduced into the cell separately for each nucleic acid molecule.
- two or more fragments for constructing a nucleic acid chain may be introduced into a cell by a single operation, or each may be separately introduced into a cell.
- a nucleic acid combination (construction nucleic acid combination) used in the method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule according to the present invention comprises all the above-mentioned “nucleic acid strands” constituting the functional nucleic acid molecule. At least one of them is included as two or more “fragments” in which “functional group pairs” that are mutually bonded by chemical reaction are attached to “corresponding ends”. Examples of the “nucleic acid combination product” are as described in the above (Introduction step) column.
- the “functional nucleic acid molecule” has a hybridizing region that hybridizes within the “nucleic acid strand” or hybridizes between different “nucleic acid strands”.
- the “fragment” is designed so that the binding between the “fragments” occurs in the hybridizing region.
- the first “nucleic acid strand” and the second “nucleic acid strand” capable of hybridizing, which constitute the above “functional nucleic acid molecule”, are provided.
- Each of the “nucleic acid strands” is included as two “fragments” in which “functional group pairs” that are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction are attached to “corresponding ends”. Further, the bonds between the “fragments” constituting the “first nucleic acid chain” and the bonds between the “fragments” constituting the “second nucleic acid chain” occur at different locations in the hybridizing region. Each fragment has been designed (see also FIG. 1 and the examples).
- the “functional nucleic acid molecule” is composed of a “first RNA strand” and a “second RNA strand” that can be hybridized.
- the “RNA strand” is included as “first fragment” and “second fragment” in which “functional group pairs” that are mutually bonded by chemical reaction are attached to “corresponding ends”.
- the “second RNA strand” is included as “third fragment” and “fourth fragment” in which “functional group pairs” that are mutually bonded by chemical reaction are attached to “corresponding ends”.
- the “first fragment” or the “second fragment” can hybridize with both the “third fragment” and the “fourth fragment”, and the “third fragment” or the “fourth fragment”.
- the “fragment” can hybridize with both the “first fragment” and the “second fragment” (see also (Example of preferred design of fragments of nucleic acid chain) column, FIG. 1 and Examples).
- the nucleic acid combination according to the present invention may be packaged together with an instruction manual (however, the recording medium is not limited to a paper medium but also a recording medium including those stored in an electronic medium) in which the usage procedure is described. Good.
- the instructions for use include, for example, instructions for using the nucleic acid combination as described in the above (Introduction step) column and (Generation step) column.
- the nucleic acid combination can be a medicine or a reagent kit depending on its use.
- the nucleic acid combination may be used to treat rodents such as mice, rats, guinea pigs, non-human animals such as rabbits, dogs, and cats, or human individuals. That is, the nucleic acid combination may be administered to a non-human animal individual or a human individual.
- the administration method is as described above as the introduction method in vivo.
- nucleic acid combinations for rodents such as mice, rats and guinea pigs, non-human animals such as rabbits, dogs and cats or human individuals.
- cells into which the nucleic acid combination has been introduced holds the above-described nucleic acid combination inside.
- the cells into which the nucleic acid combination has been introduced are packaged together with instructions for use (however, recording media including those stored in electronic media as well as paper media are not particularly limited). May be.
- the instructions for use include, for example, instructions for using the cells as described in the (generation process) column.
- the cell may be a medicine or a reagent kit depending on its use.
- the present invention includes the following. 1) A method for constructing a functional nucleic acid molecule consisting of one or two nucleic acid strands, wherein two or more fragments having functional group pairs that are mutually linked by chemical reaction are attached to the corresponding ends and introduced into cells. And a generating step of reacting the functional groups in the cell to bond the fragments together to generate a functional nucleic acid molecule composed of one or two nucleic acid strands. 2)
- the functional nucleic acid molecule has a hybridizing region that hybridizes within the nucleic acid strand or hybridizes between different nucleic acid strands, and the binding between the fragments is the hybridizing region.
- the method according to 1) wherein the fragment is designed to occur.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is composed of the two nucleic acid strands of the first nucleic acid strand and the second nucleic acid strand, and has the hybridizing region obtained by hybridizing between different nucleic acid strands.
- Each of the nucleic acid strands of this book is introduced into a cell as two fragments with functional group pairs that are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction attached to the corresponding ends, and between the fragments constituting the first nucleic acid strand.
- the method according to 2) wherein the binding and the binding of the fragments constituting the second nucleic acid chain occur at different locations in the hybridizing region.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule is composed of a first RNA strand as the first nucleic acid strand and a second RNA strand as the second nucleic acid strand.
- the first RNA strand is chemically
- a pair of functional groups that are mutually bonded by reaction is introduced into the cell as a first fragment and a second fragment that are attached to the corresponding ends, and the second RNA strand has a function that is mutually bonded by a chemical reaction.
- a third fragment and a fourth fragment having a base pair attached to the corresponding ends; and the first fragment or the second fragment is the third fragment and the fourth fragment.
- the functional group pair that is mutually bonded by the chemical reaction is a combination of an electrophilic group and a nucleophilic group protected by a protecting group.
- the nucleophilic group is a phosphorothioate group.
- R, R ′ and R ′′ represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or aryl group.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- N represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- n is 2 or 3
- n R 1 s may be different from each other
- n R 2 s may be different from each other.
- a plurality of hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring in (a), (b), (e), (g), (h), (i), (j), and (k) are independent of each other.
- the functional nucleic acid molecule has a hybridizing region that hybridizes within the nucleic acid strand or hybridizes between different nucleic acid strands, and the binding between the fragments is the hybridizing region.
- the first RNA comprising the first RNA strand as the first nucleic acid strand and the second RNA strand as the second nucleic acid strand constituting the functional nucleic acid molecule
- the strand is included as a first fragment and a second fragment with functional group pairs that are mutually bonded by a chemical reaction
- the second RNA strand is a functional group that is mutually bonded by a chemical reaction.
- a third fragment and a fourth fragment, which are paired at corresponding ends, and the first fragment or the second fragment hybridizes with both the third fragment and the fourth fragment.
- the nucleic acid combination according to 13), wherein the third fragment or the fourth fragment is capable of hybridizing with both the first fragment and the second fragment.
- RNA design and synthesis Based on siRNA 1 (FIG. 2 (a); SEQ ID NOS: 1 and 2) that suppresses the expression of the luciferase gene, the sense strand and the antisense strand are converted into 3′-PS (phosphorothioate) RNA and 5′-amino RNA, respectively.
- 3'-PS RNA and 5'-amino RNA were all synthesized using a DNA synthesizer (GeneWorld® H8-SE) based on the phosphoramidite method.
- amidite reagents 2′-O-TOM protector (Glen Research) was used for RNA, and 3′-Phosphate CPG (Glen Research) and Sulfurizing Reagent (Glen Research) were used for phosphorylation at the 3 ′ end. .
- 5'-Amino dT Phosphoroamidite was used for introduction of 5'-terminal amino dT.
- the RNA was deprotected according to a conventional method, and 3'-PS RNA and 5'-amino RNA were used in the next reaction with crude purification.
- iodoacetyl RNA was synthesized by reacting 5′-amino RNA in the sense strand and antisense strand with N-succinimidyl iodoacetate (FIG. 2 (d)).
- the iodoacetylation of 5′-amino RNA was carried out by incubating a mixture prepared with the composition shown in Table 2 for 2 hours at room temperature.
- RNA used for comparison A non-modified siRNA (25mer: sequence shown in FIG. 2 (a)) was prepared using a DNA synthesizer (GeneWorld H8-SE) based on the phosphoramidite method in the same manner as the synthesis of 3′-PS RNA and 5′-amino RNA. And the full chain product was purified by denaturing polyacrylamide gel.
- acetyl RNA having no reactivity with 3'-PS RNA was synthesized by reacting 5'-amino RNA in the sense strand and antisense strand with sodium acetate ((e) of FIG. 2). Acetylation of 5'-amino RNA was performed by incubating a mixture prepared with the composition shown in Table 3 at room temperature for 2 hours.
- ligated siRNA generated when 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA are ligated was also synthesized by ligating 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA in vitro (cell-free system) ( FIG. 2 (f); SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6).
- composition of HBSS is 1.8 mM CaCl 2 , 0.49 mM MgCl 2 , 0.41 mM MgSO 4 , pH 7.4.
- a loading buffer (100% formamide, 0.5% XC) was added and incubated at 90 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the reaction was run on a 20% denaturing acrylamide gel and analyzed by staining with CYBR Green II for 30 minutes. As markers, 25 mer RNA strands are loaded in lane 1, 19 mer caged 3'-PS RNA (sense strand) in lane 2, and 18 mer caged 3'-PS RNA (antisense strand) in lane 3 in the same manner. did.
- RNA interference effect using cultured mammalian cell system 1 (Method) HeLa-Luc cells (purchased from Caliper (PerkinElmer company)) were cultured in DMEM (manufactured by Wako) medium containing 10% FBS at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 , and 100 ⁇ L each in a 96-well plate, 4.0 It dispensed so that it might become * 10 ⁇ 3 > cells / well. The cells were further cultured at 37 ° C.
- RNAs sense strand and antisense strand 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA
- concentration of RNA was 25, 50 or 100 nM.
- the following transfection mixed solution was added in a state where 50 ⁇ L of HBSS (+) was added to the cells.
- the composition of the mixed solution for transfection is as shown in Table 5.
- Luciferase Assay System Promega was used to quantify the luciferase expression level according to the attached protocol (conditions: reagent amount 50 ⁇ L, delay time 2 seconds, read time 10 seconds, instrument: Muthras LB 940 (Made by BERTHOLD)).
- scrambled 25 nM
- unmodified siRNA 25 nM
- ligated siRNA 25 nM
- Caged 3′-PS RNA + acetyl RNA 25 nM, 50 nM or 100 nM
- Caged 3′-PS RNA only 100 nM
- iodoacetyl RNA alone 100 nM
- acetyl RNA alone 100 nM
- RNA interference effect using cultured mammalian cell system 2 transfection by osmotic shock
- Methods HeLa-Luc cells were cultured in DMEM (manufactured by Wako) medium containing 10% FBS at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 , collected in a state of about 60% confluence, and washed with PBS. Next, the cells were suspended in a mixture (10 ⁇ L) of hypertonic buffer and various RNAs (sense strand and antisense strand 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA), and incubated at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- DMEM manufactured by Wako
- various RNAs sense strand and antisense strand 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA
- the composition of hypertonic buffer is 2.1M sucrose, 7.5% PEG (2000), 150 mM HEPES (pH 7.3) in HBSS buffer.
- Table 6 shows the composition of a mixture (10 ⁇ L) of hypertonic buffer and various RNAs.
- the cells were incubated at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 24 hours, and Luciferase Assay System (Promega) was used to quantify the luciferase expression level according to the attached protocol (conditions: reagent amount 30 ⁇ L, delay time 2 seconds, read time 10 seconds, equipment: Muthras LB 940 (made by BERTHOLD).
- the amount of protein was quantified using a BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific) according to the attached protocol, and the expression level of luciferase was corrected.
- siRNA For comparison, scrambled and unmodified siRNA were transfected in the same manner as described above, and the luciferase expression level was quantified and corrected.
- T98G cells obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center
- RPMI-1640 medium manufactured by Wako
- FBS 10% FBS
- RPMI-1640 medium manufactured by Wako
- FBS 10% FBS
- RNAs sense strand and antisense strand 3′-PS RNA and iodoacetyl RNA
- RNA lipofectamine 2000 invitrogen
- RNA, poly I: C unmodified siRNA were similarly transfected.
- concentration of RNA was 100 nM (final volume 300 ⁇ L).
- the composition of the mixed solution for transfection is as shown in Table 7.
- the composition of the reaction solution used for real-time PCR is as shown in Table 8.
- the reaction conditions for real-time PCR are as shown in Table 9.
- the present invention can be used in the fields of medicines and reagents using functional nucleic acid molecules.
Abstract
Description
(構築法の概要)
本発明に係る機能性核酸分子の構築法は、1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子の構築法であって、以下の工程1)および2)を含む。
1)化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片を細胞内に導入する導入工程、
2)上記細胞内で上記官能基同士を反応させて断片同士を結合し、1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子を生成する生成工程。
1)上記核酸鎖のうちの少なくとも1本を、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片とし、その上で、上記1または2本の核酸鎖(すなわち、少なくとも1本は2以上の断片とされている)を細胞内に導入する導入工程、
2)上記細胞内で上記官能基同士を反応させて断片同士を結合し、1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子を生成する生成工程。
本発明において、機能性核酸分子とは、複数個の核酸が鎖状に連結してなり(すなわち、オリゴまたはポリヌクレオチド)、タンパク質をコードせず、かつ発生・分化等の生命現象に対して所定の機能を発揮する核酸分子を指す。したがって、生命現象において特段の機能を発揮しない、単に標的特異的にハイブリダイズするだけのプライマーおよびプローブは、本発明における機能性核酸分子の範疇から除かれる。
機能性核酸分子を構成する核酸鎖の「断片」とは、上記「核酸鎖」を2以上に分割した核酸分子に相当する。そして、一つの核酸鎖に由来する全ての「断片」を適切な順序で連結すると当該核酸鎖と同じ核酸配列を有する核酸分子が構築される。ただし、用語「断片」とは、核酸鎖を一度構築した後にこれを分断して当該断片を生成することを意図するものではない。
上記官能基が末端に付された核酸鎖の「断片」の作製方法は特に限定されない。例えば、当該断片のオリゴヌクレオチドの部分は、in vitro transcription合成方法、プラスミドもしくはウイルスベクターを用いる方法、またはPCRカセットによる方法等によって合成することができる。純度の高さ、大量合成可能、in vivoでの使用安全性の高さ、および化学修飾可能等の観点から、化学合成方法が好ましい。化学合成方法としては、例えば、ホスホロアミダイト法、およびH-ホスホネート法等が挙げられ、市販の核酸合成機を使用することができる。
上記機能性核酸分子が、その機能を発揮するために、核酸鎖内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を形成するものである場合、当該核酸鎖の断片は、当該断片同士の結合がハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように設計されることが好ましい。以下、図1に基づき、より具体的に説明する。
導入工程は、機能性核酸分子を構成する上記「核酸鎖」のうちの少なくとも1本を、化学反応により相互結合する「官能基対」を「対応する末端」に付した2以上の「断片」の形態とした上で、当該機能性核酸分子を構成する全ての核酸鎖を細胞内に導入する工程である。なお、「核酸鎖」、「官能基対」、「対応する末端」、および「断片」の定義は上述の通りである。
1)機能性核酸分子が1本の核酸鎖からなる場合、当該核酸鎖を構築するための2以上の上記「断片」。全ての核酸分子が略等量(個数)で含まれていることが好ましい。
2)機能性核酸分子が2本の核酸鎖からなる場合、うち1本の核酸鎖を構築するための2以上の上記「断片」と、他の1本の核酸鎖。全ての核酸分子が略等量(個数)で含まれていることが好ましい。
3)機能性核酸分子が2本の核酸鎖からなる場合、うち1本の核酸鎖を構築するための2以上の上記「断片」と、他の1本の核酸鎖を構築するための2以上の上記「断片」。全ての核酸分子が略等量(個数)で含まれていることが好ましい。
生成工程では、上記導入工程で核酸組合せ物を導入した細胞内で、上記「官能基対」を「対応する末端」に付した2以上の「断片」同士を結合させる。すなわち、官能基対の間で化学反応が進行して、「対応する末端」同士が結合(化学ライゲーション=非酵素的なライゲーション)されることで、「断片」として与えられていた核酸鎖が1本の連続した核酸鎖として構築される。あわせて、必要に応じて核酸鎖内または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイゼーションのような相互作用を生じて、機能性核酸分子を生成する。
(核酸組合せ物の概要)
本発明に係る機能性核酸分子の構築法に用いる核酸組合せ物(構築用核酸組合せ物)は、機能性核酸分子を構成する全ての上記「核酸鎖」を備えてなり、当該「核酸鎖」のうちの少なくとも1本が、化学反応により相互結合する「官能基対」を「対応する末端」に付した2以上の「断片」として含まれているものである。なお、「核酸組合せ物」の例示は、上記(導入工程)欄で説明した通りのものである。
核酸組合せ物の好ましい形態では、上記「機能性核酸分子」は、上記「核酸鎖」内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる「核酸鎖」間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を有し、上記「断片」同士の結合が、当該ハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように、上記「断片」が設計されている。
本発明に係る核酸組合せ物は、その使用手順が記載された使用説明書(ただし、紙媒体はもとより、電子媒体に格納されたものも含み記録媒体は特に限定されない)とともにパッケージ化されていてもよい。当該使用説明書には、例えば、上記(導入工程)欄、(生成工程)欄で説明したような核酸組合せ物の使用説明が記載される。核酸組合せ物はその用途に応じて、医薬、または試薬キットでありうる。
(機能性核酸分子の構築法の応用)
核酸組合せ物は、マウス、ラット、モルモット等のげっ歯類、ウサギ、イヌ、およびネコ等の非ヒト動物の個体またはヒトの個体を治療するために用いてもよい。すなわち、非ヒト動物の個体またはヒトの個体に、核酸組合せ物を投与してもよい。投与方法は、上述のin vivoにおける導入方法として挙げたとおりである。
以上のように、本発明は、以下のものを含んでいる。
1)1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子の構築法であって、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片を細胞内に導入する導入工程と、上記細胞内で上記官能基同士を反応させて断片同士を結合し、1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子を生成する生成工程と、を含む方法。
2)上記機能性核酸分子は、上記核酸鎖内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を有し、上記断片同士の上記結合が、上記ハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、1)に記載の方法。3)上記機能性核酸分子は第一の核酸鎖および第二の核酸鎖の2本の上記核酸鎖からなり、かつ異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなる上記ハイブリダイズ領域を有し、上記2本の核酸鎖は何れも、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2つの断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、上記第一の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合と、上記第二の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合とが、上記ハイブリダイズ領域の異なる箇所で生じる、2)に記載の方法。
4)上記機能性核酸分子は、上記第一の核酸鎖としての第一のRNA鎖と、上記第二の核酸鎖としての第二のRNA鎖とからなり、上記第一のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第一の断片と第二の断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、上記第二のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第三の断片と第四の断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、上記第一の断片または第二の断片は、上記第三の断片および第四の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能であり、上記第三の断片または第四の断片は、上記第一の断片および第二の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能である、3)に記載の方法。
5)上記機能性核酸分子は、細胞内でRNA干渉作用を有する、1)~4)の何れかに記載の方法。
6)上記化学反応により相互結合する官能基対は、求電子基と、保護基によって保護されている求核基との組合せである、1)~5)の何れかに記載の方法。
7)上記求核基は、ホスホロチオエート基である、6)に記載の方法。
8)上記求電子基は、ヨードアセチル基、ブロモアセチル基またはヨード基である、6)または7)に記載の方法。
9)上記保護基は、上記細胞中の内因性物質、または光照射によって脱離する、6)~8)の何れかに記載の方法。
10)上記求核基がホスホロチオエート基である場合、上記保護基が下記(a)~(k)の何れかである、6)、8)または9)に記載の方法。
11)上記1)~10)の何れかに記載の方法に用いる核酸組合せ物であって、機能性核酸分子を構成する上記核酸鎖を備えてなり、当該核酸鎖のうちの少なくとも1本が、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片として含まれている、機能性核酸分子の構築用核酸組合せ物。
12)上記機能性核酸分子は、上記核酸鎖内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を有し、上記断片同士の上記結合が、上記ハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、11)に記載の核酸組合せ物。
13)上記機能性核酸分子を構成する、ハイブリダイズが可能な第一の核酸鎖および第二の核酸鎖の2本の上記核酸鎖を備えてなり、上記2本の核酸鎖は何れも、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2つの断片として含まれており、上記第一の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合と、上記第二の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合とが、上記ハイブリダイズ領域の異なる箇所で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、12)に記載の核酸組合せ物。
14)上記機能性核酸分子を構成する、上記第一の核酸鎖としての第一のRNA鎖と、上記第二の核酸鎖としての第二のRNA鎖とを備えてなり、上記第一のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第一の断片と第二の断片として含まれており、上記第二のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第三の断片と第四の断片として含まれており、上記第一の断片または第二の断片は、上記第三の断片および第四の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能であり、上記第三の断片または第四の断片は、上記第一の断片および第二の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能である、13)に記載の核酸組合せ物。
(RNAの設計および合成)
ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現を抑制するsiRNA1(図2の(a);配列番号1および2)をもとに、センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖をそれぞれ3’-PS(ホスホロチオエート) RNAおよび5’-アミノ RNAに分割してRNAの合成を行った(図2の(b);配列番号3および4)。
上記で合成したセンス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖における3’-PS RNAをジフェニルジスルフィドと反応させることによってCaged 3’-PS RNAを合成した(図2の(c))。なお、3’末端のジスルフィド結合は細胞内に導入後、GSHなどの生体内チオール源によって脱離が進行する。3’-PS RNAのジスルフィド化は、表1の組成で調製した混合液を室温で6時間インキュベートすることによって行った。
非修飾siRNA(25mer:図2の(a)に示す配列)を3’-PS RNAおよび5’-アミノ RNAの合成と同様に、ホスホロアミダイト法に基づきDNA合成機(GeneWorld H8-SE)を用いて合成し、変性ポリアクリルアミドゲルによって完全鎖長の生成物を精製した。
(方法)
in vitroにおいて、Caged 3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNAとのライゲーションが行われることを確認するために、表4の組成で反応を行った。表4中のレーン5はGSHを添加していないコントロールである。
泳動の結果を図3に示す。3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNAとのライゲーションが進行し、25merのRNA鎖が生成したことが確認できた(レーン4)。
(方法)
HeLa-Luc細胞(Caliper(PerkinElmer company)から購入)を10% FBSを含むDMEM(Wako製)培地中、37℃、5%CO2下で培養し、96穴プレートに、100μLずつ、4.0×103cells/ウェルとなるよう分注した。さらに37℃、5%CO2下で24時間培養し、約60%コンフルエントの状態で各種RNA(センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖の3’-PS RNAおよびヨードアセチルRNA)をトランスフェクション試薬Gene Silencer(Genlantis製)を用い、トランスフェクション試薬添付のプロトコールに従いコトランスフェクションした。RNAの濃度は、25、50または100nMとした。
ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現の結果を図4に示す。non-ligatedなCaged 3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNA(IA)とを細胞内に導入した場合には、ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現が低く、十分な阻害活性が観察された。一方、non-ligatedなCaged 3’-PS RNAとアセチルRNA(Ac)とを導入した場合には阻害活性が観察されなかった。この結果は、細胞内で3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNAとのライゲーション反応によって、ligated siRNAが生成し、遺伝子発現を抑制したことを示唆している。
(方法)
HeLa-Luc細胞を10% FBSを含むDMEM(Wako製)培地中、37℃、5%CO2下で培養し、約60%コンフルエントの状態で回収し、PBSで洗浄した。次いで、hypertonic bufferと各種RNA(センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖の3’-PS RNAおよびヨードアセチルRNA)との混合液(10μL)で細胞を懸濁し、37℃で10分間インキュベートした。そこへ滅菌水(52.9μL)を加え、さらに37℃で10分間インキュベーションした。その後、細胞を回収し、PBSで洗浄した。次いで、回収した細胞を10% FBSを含むDMEM(400μL)で懸濁し、96穴プレートに100μLずつ分注した。hypertonic bufferの組成は、2.1M スクロース、7.5%PEG(2000)、150mM HEPES(pH7.3)in HBSS bufferである。hypertonic bufferと各種RNAとの混合液(10μL)の組成は表6の通りである。
ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現の結果を図5に示す。non-ligatedなCaged 3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNA(IA)とを細胞内に導入した場合には、非修飾siRNAを細胞内に導入した場合と比較して、ルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現が低く、より阻害されていることがわかった。この結果は、siRNAをCaged 3’-PS RNAとIAとに断片化して導入することによって、細胞膜透過性が向上したことを示唆している。
(方法)
T98G細胞(理化学研究所バイオリソースセンターから入手)を10% FBSを含むRPMI-1640(Wako製)培地中、37℃、5%CO2下で培養し、24穴プレートに、300μLずつ、4.0×104cells/ウェルとなるよう分注した。さらに37℃、5%CO2下で24時間培養し、約70%コンフルエントの状態で各種RNA(センス鎖およびアンチセンス鎖の3’-PS RNAおよびヨードアセチルRNA)をトランスフェクション試薬lipofectamine 2000(invitrogen製)を用い、トランスフェクション試薬添付のプロトコールに従いコトランスフェクションした。比較として、RNAなし、ポリI:C、非修飾siRNAを同様にトランスフェクションした。RNAの濃度は100nM(final volume 300μL)とした。トランスフェクション用混合溶液の組成は表7の通りである。
結果を図6に示す。RNAをトランスフェクションしなかったNegative Control(NC)と比較して、siRNAまたはポリI:Cを細胞内に導入した場合にはIFN-βの発現量の増加が確認された。一方、non-ligatedなCaged 3’-PS RNAとヨードアセチルRNA(IA)とを細胞内に導入した場合には、IFN-βの発現量の変化は観察されなかった。この結果は、siRNAを断片として細胞内に導入することで、断片化されていないsiRNAによって誘導される免疫応答を回避可能であることを示している。
Claims (14)
- 1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子の構築法であって、
化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片を細胞内に導入する導入工程と、
上記細胞内で上記官能基同士を反応させて断片同士を結合し、1または2本の核酸鎖からなる機能性核酸分子を生成する生成工程と、を含む方法。 - 上記機能性核酸分子は、上記核酸鎖内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を有し、
上記断片同士の上記結合が、上記ハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 上記機能性核酸分子は第一の核酸鎖および第二の核酸鎖の2本の上記核酸鎖からなり、かつ異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなる上記ハイブリダイズ領域を有し、
上記2本の核酸鎖は何れも、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2つの断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、
上記第一の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合と、上記第二の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合とが、上記ハイブリダイズ領域の異なる箇所で生じる、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 上記機能性核酸分子は、上記第一の核酸鎖としての第一のRNA鎖と、上記第二の核酸鎖としての第二のRNA鎖とからなり、
上記第一のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第一の断片と第二の断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、
上記第二のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第三の断片と第四の断片として細胞内に導入されるものであり、
上記第一の断片または第二の断片は、上記第三の断片および第四の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能であり、上記第三の断片または第四の断片は、上記第一の断片および第二の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能である、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 上記機能性核酸分子は、細胞内でRNA干渉作用を有する、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記化学反応により相互結合する官能基対は、求電子基と、保護基によって保護されている求核基との組合せである、請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記求核基は、ホスホロチオエート基である、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 上記求電子基は、ヨードアセチル基、ブロモアセチル基またはヨード基である、請求項6または7に記載の方法。
- 上記保護基は、上記細胞中の内因性物質、または光照射によって脱離する、請求項6~8の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~10の何れか1項に記載の方法に用いる核酸組合せ物であって、
機能性核酸分子を構成する上記核酸鎖を備えてなり、当該核酸鎖のうちの少なくとも1本が、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2以上の断片として含まれている、機能性核酸分子の構築用核酸組合せ物。 - 上記機能性核酸分子は、上記核酸鎖内でハイブリダイズするか、または異なる核酸鎖間でハイブリダイズしてなるハイブリダイズ領域を有し、
上記断片同士の上記結合が、上記ハイブリダイズ領域で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、請求項11に記載の核酸組合せ物。 - 上記機能性核酸分子を構成する、ハイブリダイズが可能な第一の核酸鎖および第二の核酸鎖の2本の上記核酸鎖を備えてなり、
上記2本の核酸鎖は何れも、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した2つの断片として含まれており、
上記第一の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合と、上記第二の核酸鎖を構成する断片同士の上記結合とが、上記ハイブリダイズ領域の異なる箇所で生じるように、上記断片が設計されている、請求項12に記載の核酸組合せ物。 - 上記機能性核酸分子を構成する、上記第一の核酸鎖としての第一のRNA鎖と、上記第二の核酸鎖としての第二のRNA鎖とを備えてなり、
上記第一のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第一の断片と第二の断片として含まれており、
上記第二のRNA鎖は、化学反応により相互結合する官能基対を対応する末端に付した第三の断片と第四の断片として含まれており、
上記第一の断片または第二の断片は、上記第三の断片および第四の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能であり、上記第三の断片または第四の断片は、上記第一の断片および第二の断片の双方とハイブリダイズ可能である、請求項13に記載の核酸組合せ物。
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EP2821489B1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
EP2821489A1 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
KR102101210B1 (ko) | 2020-04-16 |
US20150118713A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
US9598713B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
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