WO2013123652A1 - 微型电声换能器及其组装方法 - Google Patents

微型电声换能器及其组装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013123652A1
WO2013123652A1 PCT/CN2012/071461 CN2012071461W WO2013123652A1 WO 2013123652 A1 WO2013123652 A1 WO 2013123652A1 CN 2012071461 W CN2012071461 W CN 2012071461W WO 2013123652 A1 WO2013123652 A1 WO 2013123652A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electroacoustic transducer
magnetic circuit
assembled
magnetic
circuit system
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/071461
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王泽�
葛连山
刘春发
Original Assignee
歌尔声学股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔声学股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority to US14/379,835 priority Critical patent/US9549262B2/en
Priority to KR1020147022377A priority patent/KR101615057B1/ko
Publication of WO2013123652A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013123652A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/021—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein incorporating only one transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/06—Arranging circuit leads; Relieving strain on circuit leads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/022—Aspects regarding the stray flux internal or external to the magnetic circuit, e.g. shielding, shape of magnetic circuit, flux compensation coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/024—Manufacturing aspects of the magnetic circuit of loudspeaker or microphone transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49005—Acoustic transducer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustics, and in particular to a miniature electroacoustic transducer and a method of assembling the miniature electroacoustic transducer.
  • the miniature electroacoustic transducer of the conventional structure generally comprises a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system and a casing for fixing the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system, and a front cover is further disposed on the outer casing, wherein the outer casing is generally a plastic outer casing, and the magnetic circuit system passes Bonded or injection molded, the vibration system is positioned through a series of tooling.
  • the micro-electroacoustic transducer of the conventional structure has the structural characteristics of the components, the components are relatively independent, the product design is relatively complicated, and the size of the magnet of the injection molded casing is limited, which affects the sensitivity improvement; a large amount of tooling and a large amount of tooling are required in product assembly.
  • the complicated assembly process is not conducive to the reduction of production costs.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a miniature electroacoustic transducer which can further modularize the internal parts of the miniature electroacoustic transducer, simplify the design of the product, and maximize the magnet under the same product size. Effectively improve product sensitivity; at the same time, provide an assembly method for the miniature electroacoustic transducer, which can modularize modular components, simplify product assembly process and reduce production cost.
  • the bottom of the outer casing is provided with an acoustic hole.
  • a first support member is disposed between the vibration system and the bottom of the outer casing.
  • a second support member is disposed between the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system.
  • the second support member is provided with a positioning step corresponding to fixing the magnetic circuit system.
  • the outer casing is provided with a transitional sinking groove on the bottom of the side wall.
  • the outer casing and the magnetic conductive plate are crimped by the side walls of the outer casing.
  • the vibration system further includes a centering piece, and the voice coil passes
  • the centering piece is electrically connected to an external circuit of the miniature electroacoustic transducer.
  • the method for assembling the electroacoustic transducer provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
  • a first support member is disposed between the vibration system and the bottom of the outer casing; and the vibration system is integrally assembled with the first support member before step b.
  • the diaphragm comprises a middle ball top and a folded portion of the edge, a centering piece is disposed between the diaphragm and the voice coil, and the vibration system is assembled by the following steps:
  • the top of the ball is assembled with the centering piece, the folding part is assembled with the first support;
  • a second support member is disposed between the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system; the magnetic circuit system is integrally assembled with the second support member before the step c.
  • the magnetic circuit system is a dual magnetic circuit structure, including an outer magnetic conductive plate, an outer magnet, an inner magnetic conductive plate and an inner magnet respectively assembled with the yoke in sequence; the magnetic circuit system is assembled by using The following steps:
  • the inner magnetic plate, the inner magnet, and the yoke are sequentially assembled, and the outer magnetic plate and the second support are fixedly assembled;
  • the internal components of the miniature electroacoustic transducer provided by the invention are further modularized compared with the conventional structure, which simplifies product design and maximizes the magnet under the same product size.
  • the product sensitivity is improved; at the same time, the assembly method of the micro electroacoustic transducer provided by the invention can realize modular assembly of modular components, simplify product assembly process and reduce production cost.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the miniature electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the miniature electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the miniature electroacoustic transducer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the miniature electroacoustic transducer housing according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of a portion of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the ball top and the centering piece of the miniature electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the top of the ball and the centering piece shown in Figure 6 after assembly;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the folding portion of the micro electroacoustic transducer and the first supporting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the folding ring portion shown in Figure 8 assembled with the first support portion
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the magnetic conductive plate, the inner magnet and the yoke in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the inner magnetic plate, the inner magnet and the yoke shown in Figure 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the outer magnetic plate and the second supporting portion of the miniature electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the outer magnet shown in Figure 10;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view of Figure 13 after assembly
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a miniature electroacoustic transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view of Figure 15 after assembly.
  • the miniature electroacoustic transducer comprises: a barrel-shaped metal casing 1; a vibration system including a diaphragm and a voice coil 24; and a magnetic circuit system forming a magnetic gap corresponding to the voice coil 24 in the voice coil
  • the voice coil 24 is caused to vibrate, and the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic conductive plate, a magnet and a yoke 33 which are sequentially combined; the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are fixedly mounted on Inside the barrel-shaped metal casing 1.
  • an external assembly structure of a miniature electroacoustic transducer is formed by a barrel-shaped outer casing, and a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system are installed in the outer casing, and the internal components of the micro electroacoustic transducer structure provided by the present invention are further
  • the modularity simplifies the product design, while the metal casing structure reduces the overall thickness of the casing, maximizing the magnet under the same product size, and effectively improving product sensitivity.
  • the metal casing 1 is fixedly assembled with the yoke 33 to package and fix the micro electroacoustic transducer.
  • the magnetic circuit system preferably has a dual magnetic circuit structure, and includes an inner magnetic conductive plate 312, an inner magnet 322, an outer magnetic conductive plate 311, and an outer magnetic rod 321 which are respectively assembled with the yoke 33, and the double magnetic circuit structure can provide a larger
  • the driving force of the magnet can also be selected according to the actual magnetic circuit structure of a magnet such as an inner magnetic type or an outer magnetic type.
  • the vibration system is disposed corresponding to the sound hole 11; the outer casing 1 and the yoke 33 can be laser welded, In the embodiment, the outer casing 1 is fixedly assembled with the yoke 33 by the side wall curling, and the assembly process is simpler; the vibration system and the bottom of the outer casing 1 can be The characteristics of different product structures provide a vibration space for the diaphragm by providing an independent support member or by partially protruding the outer casing 1 outwardly.
  • a first support member 4 is disposed between the vibration system and the outer casing 1 through the first A support member 4 realizes a spacing between the vibration system and the bottom of the outer casing 1 to provide sufficient vibration space for the diaphragm;
  • a second support member 5 is preferably disposed between the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system, and the second support member 5 to make the position between the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system accurately positioned;
  • the independent support member can simplify the product design, the process is simple;
  • the first support member 4 and the second support member 5 can
  • a positioning step 51 is provided on the second support member 5, and the positioning step 51 corresponds to the assembly of the magnetic circuit system, so that the insulating material such as plastic is selected. The overall structure is stronger.
  • a region of the bottom of the outer casing 1 near the side wall of the outer casing 1 is provided with a transition slot 12, which can prevent the corner portion between the side wall and the bottom portion of the outer casing 1 from forming a rounded corner when bending, affecting the miniature electroacoustic
  • the overall assembly height of the transducer is provided.
  • the voice coil 24 and the miniature electroacoustic transducer can be electrically connected to an external circuit of the miniature electroacoustic transducer by means of a lead suspension or a built-in conductive member.
  • the diaphragm and the voice coil 24 are disposed between each other.
  • the core support piece 22, the centering support piece 22 may be a flexible circuit board or a conductive sheet, and the voice coil 24 is electrically connected to the outside of the miniature electroacoustic transducer through the centering support piece 22, and the improvement can facilitate the voice coil 24 to be electrically
  • the stability of the connection prevents the polarization of the miniature electroacoustic transducer by adding a centering segment 22.
  • FIG. 16 is detailed descriptions of the assembly diagram of the product of the present embodiment, and the overall structure of the electroacoustic transducer involved in the micro-invention of the present invention can be assembled by the following assembly method:
  • the pre-assembled magnetic circuit system is placed in the outer casing 1;
  • the assembly method of the miniature electroacoustic transducer, the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system can be separately assembled in advance, and the modular assembly of the components is realized in the whole assembly, which simplifies the production process of the product and reduces the production cost.
  • the magnetic circuit system and the first support member 4 are integrally assembled between the steps b, and the magnetic circuit system and the first support member 4 are integrally assembled to further realize modular assembly of the product; Specifically, the following assembly method is employed: a. assembling the ball top 23 with the centering piece 22, the folding ring portion 21 being assembled with the first support member 4; b. the ball top 23, the centering piece 22 to be assembled together And the folding ring portion 21 and the first support member 4 are integrally assembled.
  • the first support member 4 can function as a fixed folding ring portion 21, and the assembly method is simpler, which simplifies the assembly of the vibration system.
  • the assembly sequence of the voice coil 24 in the vibration system can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is preferably pre-assembled with the ball top 21 and the centering piece 22 in this embodiment.
  • the magnetic circuit system is pre-assembled with the second support member 5 between steps c.
  • the modular assembly of the internal components of the miniature electroacoustic transducer is further realized, which further simplifies the assembly process; more specifically, the magnetic circuit system of the improved solution adopts the following method Assembly: a. Firstly, the inner magnetic plate 312, the inner magnet 322, and the yoke 33 are assembled in sequence, and the outer magnetic plate 311 and the second support member 5 are fixedly assembled; b. the assembled outer magnetic conductive plate 311, The second support member 5, the outer magnet 321, and the assembled inner magnetic conductive plate 312, inner magnet 322, and yoke 33 are sequentially assembled. The assembly method of the magnetic circuit system further simplifies the assembly of the magnetic circuit system and reduces the production cost.
  • the miniature electro-acoustic transducer involved in the embodiment of the present invention is a square shape, which may also be a circular shape, a racetrack type or other structure; in this embodiment, the centering branch may be replaced by a circuit board combined with a yoke.
  • the electrical connection of the chip, the outer casing can also be assembled with the circuit board crimping; the magnetic circuit system of the double magnetic circuit structure is only a preferred solution, and the magnetic circuit system can also be a magnet placed on the inner or outer magnetic circuit or the outer magnetic circuit inside or outside the voice coil.

Abstract

一种微型电声换能器，包括金属外壳，为一端开口的桶状；振动系统，包括振膜和音圈；磁路系统，包括依次结合的导磁板、磁铁和磁轭，磁路系统形成对应音圈的磁间隙；振动系统和磁路系统固定安装在所述桶状外壳内，这种结构内部零部件进一步的模块化，简化了产品设计，同样的产品尺寸下，使磁铁最大化，有效提升产品灵敏度。一种该电声换能器的组装方法：a.提供一端开口的桶状金属外壳；b.将预先装配的振动系统放入外壳中；c.再将预先装配的磁路系统放入外壳；d.将外壳与磁轭固定装配，这种装配工艺，简化了产品组装工艺，降低了生产成本。

Description

微型电声换能器及其组装方法
本发明涉及电声领域，具体的涉及一种微型电声换能器，以及该微型电声换能器的组装方法。
随着手机、笔记本等便携式电子产品的发展，大量的电—声换能器件，特别是微型电声换能器得到了广泛的应用。传统结构的微型电声换能器一般包括振动系统、磁路系统以及固定所述振动系统和磁路系统的外壳，在外壳上还设置有前盖，其中外壳一般为塑料外壳，磁路系统通过粘接或者注塑的形式固定，振动系统通过一系列的工装定位。
这种传统结构的微型电声换能器，其产品结构特点使得零部件相对独立，产品设计较为复杂，同时采用注塑外壳磁铁的尺寸受限，影响灵敏度提升；在产品组装时需要大量的工装和复杂的组装工序，不利于生产成本的降低。
所以，有必要对传统结构的微型电声换能器结构及其组装工艺进行进一步的改进，以避免上述缺陷。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种微型电声换能器，可以使微型电声换能器的内部零件进一步模块化，简化产品的设计，同样的产品尺寸下，使磁铁最大化，有效提升产品灵敏度；同时，提供一种针对该微型电声换能器的组装方法，可以对模块化的零部件进行模块化组装，简化产品组装工艺，降低生产成本。
技术解决方案
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的微型电声换能器包括：金属外壳，为一端开口的桶状；振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和音圈；磁路系统，包括依次结合的导磁板、磁铁和磁轭，所述磁路系统形成对应所述音圈的磁间隙；所述振动系统和所述磁路系统固定安装在所述桶状外壳内。
作为一种改进，所述外壳的底部设置有出声孔。
作为一种改进，所述振动系统与所述外壳底部之间设置有第一支撑件。
作为一种改进，所述振动系统与所述磁路系统之间设置有第二支撑件。
作为一种改进，所述第二支撑件上设有对应固定所述磁路系统的定位台阶。
作为一种改进，所述外壳靠近侧壁的底部上设有过渡沉槽。
作为一种改进，所述外壳与所述导磁板通过所述外壳的侧壁卷边固定。
作为一种改进，所述振动系统还包括定心支片，所述音圈通过
所述定心支片电连接所述微型电声换能器的外部电路。
本发明提供的该电声换能器的组装方法，包括以下步骤：
a.提供一端开口的所述桶状金属外壳；
b.将预先装配的振动系统放入所述外壳中，使所述振动系统对应所述外壳的出声孔；
c.再将预先装配的磁路系统放入所述外壳；
d. 将所述外壳与所述磁轭固定装配。
作为一种改进，所述振动系统与所述外壳底部之间设置有第一支撑件；在步骤b之前预先将所述振动系统与所述第一支撑件一体装配。
作为一种改进，所述振膜包括中间的球顶部和边缘的折环部，所述振膜和音圈之间设置有定心支片，所述振动系统的组装采用以下步骤：
a.所述球顶部与所述定心支片装配，所述折环部与所述第一支撑件装配；
b.将装配在一起的球顶部、定心支片，以及折环部、支撑件一体装配。
作为一种改进，所述振动系统和所述磁路系统之间设置有第二支撑件；在步骤c之前预先将所述磁路系统与所述第二支撑件一体装配。
作为一种改进，所述磁路系统为双磁路结构，包括依次分别与所述磁轭组装的外导磁板、外磁铁和内导磁板、内磁铁；所述磁路系统的组装采用以下步骤：
a. 将所述内导磁板、内磁铁、磁轭依次组装，将所述外导磁板与所述第二支撑件固定组装；
b.将组装后的所述外导磁板、第二支撑件，外磁铁，以及组装后的内导磁板、内磁铁、磁轭依次装配。
 有益效果
采用上述技术方案后，与传统结构相比，本发明所提供的微型电声换能器的内部零部件进一步的模块化，简化了产品设计，在同样的产品尺寸下，使磁铁最大化，有效提升产品灵敏度；同时本发明所提供的该微型电声换能器的组装方法，可以实现对模块化的零部件进行模块化组装，简化了产品组装工艺，降低了生产成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
图1是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器的分解示意图；
图2是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器的剖面示意图；
图3是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器外壳的立体图；
图4是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器外壳的剖面示意图；
图5是图4所示a部分的局部放大示意图；
图6是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器球顶部和定心支片的装配示意图；
图7是图6所示球顶部和定心支片装配后的示意图；
图8是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器折环部与第一支撑部的组装示意图；
图9是图8所示折环部与第一支撑部组装后的示意图；
图10是本发明实施例内导磁板、内磁铁与磁轭的装配示意图；
图11是图10所示内导磁板、内磁铁及磁轭装配后的示意图；
图12是本发明实施例涉及的该微型电声换能器外导磁板与第二支撑部的装配示意图；
图13是图10所示、图12所示与外磁铁的装配示意图；
图14是图13装配后的示意图；
图15本发明实施例微型电声换能器的装配示意图；
图16是图15装配后的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细的描述。
如图1-5所示，微型电声换能器，包括：桶状的金属外壳1；振动系统，包括振膜和音圈24；磁路系统，形成对应音圈24的磁间隙，在音圈24通有交流电信号时作用于音圈24使得所述振动系统振动发声，所述磁路系统包括依次结合在一起的导磁板、磁铁和磁轭33；振动系统和磁路系统安装固定在桶状的金属外壳1内。
这种设计，通过桶状的外壳形成微型电声换能器的外部装配结构，并且振动系统和磁路系统安装在所述外壳中，本发明所提供的微型电声换能器结构内部零件进一步的模块化，简化了产品设计，同时金属外壳结构可以减小外壳整体厚度，同等产品尺寸下使磁铁最大化，有效提升产品灵敏度。
本实施中金属外壳1通过与磁轭33固定装配来对微型电声换能器进行封装固定。本实施例中磁路系统优选双磁路结构，包括分别与磁轭33依次装配的内导磁板312、内磁铁322和外导磁板311、外磁铁321，双磁路结构可以提供更大的驱动力，也可以根据实际选择内磁式或者外磁式等一个磁铁的磁路结构。
本实施例中，为实现更好的声学效果，优选的在金属外壳1的底部设置有出声孔11，所述振动系统对应出声孔11设置；外壳1与磁轭33可以通过激光焊接、胶水粘结或者卷边封装等方式固定装配，本实施例中外壳1通过侧壁卷边与磁轭33固定装配，这种装配方式工艺更为简单；在振动系统与外壳1底部之间可以根据不同产品结构的特点通过设置独立支撑件或者通过将外壳1局部向外突出等方式为所述振膜提供振动空间，优选的在振动系统和外壳1之间设置有第一支撑件4，通过第一支撑件4实现振动系统和外壳1底部之间的间隔设置，以为振膜提供足够的振动空间；另外，在磁路系统和振动系统之间优选设置有第二支撑件5，第二支撑件5使得振动系统和磁路系统之间位置进行准确定位；设置独立的支撑件可以简化产品设计，工艺简单；第一支撑件4和第二支撑件5可以选择塑料等绝缘材料，为进一步增强本发明实施例中微型电声换能器的装配强度，在第二支撑件5上还设置有定位台阶51，定位台阶51对应于磁路系统的装配，使得整体结构更加牢固。
另外，外壳1底部靠近外壳1侧壁的区域设置有过渡沉槽12，过渡沉槽12可以避免外壳1侧壁和底部之间的角部区域在弯折时形成近似圆角，影响微型电声换能器的整体装配高度。
音圈24与微型电声换能器可以通过引线悬空或者内置导电部件等形式来实现与微型电声换能器的外部电路的电连接，本实施例中振膜和音圈24之间设置有定心支片22，定心支片22可以为柔性线路板或者导电片，音圈24通过定心支片22电连接到微型电声换能器的外部，这种改进，可以便于音圈24电连接的稳定性，通过增加定心支片22防止微型电声换能器的偏振。
图6-图16为本实施例产品的装配示意图的详细说明，本发明创造中的微型涉及的电声换能器整体结构可以采用如下装配方式进行装配：
a.提供一端开口的所述桶状金属外壳1；
b.将预先装配的振动系统放入所述外壳1中；
c.再将预先装配的磁路系统放入所述外壳1；
d.将所述外壳1与所述磁轭33固定装配。
这种微型电声换能器的装配方法，振动系统和磁路系统可以预先单独装配，在整体装配时，实现对零部件的模块化组装，简化了产品的制作工艺，降低了生产成本。
在振动系统装配工艺中，优选的在步骤b之间预先将磁路系统和第一支撑件4一体装配，将磁路系统和第一支撑件4一体装配可以进一步实现产品的模块化组装；更具体的，采用以下装配方法：a.将球顶部23与定心支片22装配，折环部21与第一支撑件4装配；b.将装配在一起的球顶部23、定心支片22，以及折环部21、第一支撑件4一体装配。这种改进设计，第一支撑件4可以起到固定折环部21的作用，同时装配方式更加简便，简化了振动系统的组装。振动系统中音圈24的组装顺序可以根据实际进行调整，本实施例中优选与球顶部21和定心支片22预先装配。
在磁路系统的装配工艺中，优选的，在步骤c之间将所述磁路系统与第二支撑件5预先装配。通过将磁路系统与第二支撑件5预先装配，进一步实现微型电声换能器内部零部件的模块化组装，进一步简化了组装工艺；更具体的，本改进方案磁路系统采用以下方法进行组装：a.先将内导磁板312、内磁铁322、磁轭33依次组装，将外导磁板311与第二支撑件5固定组装；b.再将组装后的外导磁板311、第二支撑件5，外磁铁321，以及组装后的内导磁板312、内磁铁322、磁轭33依次装配。这种磁路系统的装配方法进一步简化了磁路系统的组装，降低了生产成本。
另外，本发明实施例中涉及的微型电声换能器为方形，其也可以为圆形、跑道型或其它结构；本实施例中也可以通过在磁轭上结合线路板来代替定心支片电连接，外壳也可以与线路板卷边装配；双磁路结构的磁路系统仅为优选方案，磁路系统也可以为一块磁铁放置与音圈内侧或者外侧的内磁路或者外磁路结构；在本发明的上述教导下，本领域技术人员可以在上述实施例的基础上进行各种改进和变形，而这些改进和变形，都落在本发明的保护范围内，本领域技术人员应该明白，上述的具体描述只是更好的解释本发明的目的，本发明的保护范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种微型电声换能器，其特征在于：包括
    金属外壳，为一端开口的桶状；
    振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和音圈；
    磁路系统，包括依次结合的导磁板、磁铁和磁轭，所述磁路系统形成对应所述音圈的磁间隙；
    所述振动系统和所述磁路系统固定安装在所述桶状外壳内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述外壳的底部设置有出声孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述振动系统与所述外壳底部之间设置有第一支撑件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述振动系统与所述磁路系统之间设置有第二支撑件。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述第二支撑件上设有对应固定所述磁路系统的定位台阶。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一权利要求所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述外壳靠近侧壁的底部上设有过渡沉槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一权利要求所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述外壳与所述导磁板通过所述外壳的侧壁卷边固定。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4任一权利要求所述的微型电声换能器，其特征在于：
    所述振动系统还包括定心支片，所述音圈通过所述定心支片电连接所述微型电声换能器的外部电路。
  9. 一种如权利要求1所述的微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    a.提供一端开口的所述桶状金属外壳；
    b.将预先装配的振动系统放入所述外壳中；
    c.再将磁路系统放入所述外壳；
    d.将所述外壳与所述磁轭固定装配。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于：
    所述振动系统与所述外壳底部之间设置有第一支撑件；在步骤b之前预先将所述振动系统与所述第一支撑件一体装配。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于：
    所述振膜包括中间的球顶部和边缘的折环部，所述振膜和音圈之间设置有定心支片，所述振动系统的组装采用以下步骤：
    a. 所述球顶部与所述定心支片装配，所述折环部与所述第一支撑件装配；
    b. 将装配在一起的球顶部、定心支片，以及折环部、支撑件一体装配。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于：
    在步骤c之前预先将所述磁路系统一体装配。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于：
    所述振动系统和所述磁路系统之间设置有第二支撑件；在步骤c之前预先将所述磁路系统与所述第二支撑件一体装配。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的微型电声换能器的组装方法，其特征在于：
    所述磁路系统为双磁路结构，包括依次分别与所述磁轭组装的外导磁板、外磁铁和内导磁板、内磁铁；所述磁路系统的组装采用以下步骤：
    a. 将所述内导磁板、内磁铁、磁轭依次组装，将所述外导磁板与所述第二支撑件固定组装；
    b. 将组装后的所述外导磁板、第二支撑件，外磁铁，以及组装后的内导磁板、内磁铁、磁轭依次装配。
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