WO2013111306A1 - 内燃機関の制御装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013111306A1 WO2013111306A1 PCT/JP2012/051684 JP2012051684W WO2013111306A1 WO 2013111306 A1 WO2013111306 A1 WO 2013111306A1 JP 2012051684 W JP2012051684 W JP 2012051684W WO 2013111306 A1 WO2013111306 A1 WO 2013111306A1
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- injection
- learning
- fuel
- executed
- combustion engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2441—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by the learning conditions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
- F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
- F02D35/023—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions by determining the cylinder pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
- F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
- F02D41/247—Behaviour for small quantities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
- F02D2200/101—Engine speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
- F02M55/025—Common rails
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a control device for an internal combustion engine provided with a fuel injection valve capable of directly injecting fuel into a cylinder.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a control device for an internal combustion engine that performs learning control of a minute fuel injection amount. Specifically, the learning control of the minute injection amount is based on the relationship between the fuel injection amount at this time and the generated torque of the internal combustion engine after performing a small amount of fuel injection when fuel cut is performed during deceleration. It is executed based on.
- a fuel injection valve used for an internal combustion engine having the following configuration is known. That is, a fuel injection valve including a needle valve having a seat contact portion at a tip portion and a nozzle body having a seat portion with which the seat contact portion contacts, and the nozzle body is more than the seat portion.
- a fuel injection valve that includes a fuel reservoir portion (so-called sack or the like) formed on the downstream side and at least one injection hole formed on the downstream side of the seat portion.
- the injection characteristics such as change. Therefore, in the internal combustion engine including the fuel injection valve having the above-described configuration, when the learning control of the minute injection amount described in Patent Document 1 is performed, depending on whether the internal state of the fuel reservoir is a liquid-tight state or an air-tight state.
- the fuel injection amount actually injected from the nozzle hole will fluctuate. As a result, the learning accuracy of the fuel injection amount may be reduced.
- the applicant has recognized the following documents including the above-mentioned documents as related to the present invention.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-1115068 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-226417 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-114946
- a nozzle body including a fuel reservoir portion and at least one injection hole downstream of a seat portion that contacts the seat contact portion of the needle valve is provided.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a control device for an internal combustion engine that can improve the accuracy of learning control of the fuel injection amount performed during operation in an internal combustion engine equipped with the fuel injection valve.
- the present invention provides a needle valve having a seat abutting portion at a distal end portion, a seat portion with which the seat abutting portion abuts, a fuel reservoir portion formed on the downstream side of the seat portion, and the seat portion.
- a control device for an internal combustion engine comprising a fuel injection valve capable of directly injecting fuel into a cylinder, comprising: a nozzle body including at least one injection hole formed downstream; Injection execution means.
- the learning execution means executes learning control of the fuel injection amount for learning the fuel injection amount.
- the pre-learning injection execution means executes fuel pre-learning injection prior to execution of fuel learning injection for the learning control.
- the learning injection can be performed after the inside of the fuel reservoir portion is in a liquid-tight state. Therefore, since the fuel injection amount actually injected from the injection hole can be stabilized, variation in the learned value of the fuel injection amount due to the fuel injection amount learning control can be suppressed. For this reason, the learning accuracy of the fuel injection amount can be improved.
- the pre-learning injection in the present invention may be a filling injection for injecting fuel that fills the fuel reservoir. This makes it possible to perform the learning injection while ensuring that the inside of the fuel reservoir is in a liquid-tight state. Thereby, the learning accuracy of the fuel injection amount can be improved.
- the learning injection is performed by injecting an amount of fuel smaller than that required for idle operation of the internal combustion engine as the learning injection during deceleration of the internal combustion engine.
- the learning control of the minute injection amount may be performed based on the relationship between the learning injection amount and the rotational fluctuation of the internal combustion engine.
- the learning execution means calculates a first learning parameter for a fuel injection amount injected by the learning injection when the learning injection is executed without the pre-learning injection.
- 1 learning parameter calculation means and second learning parameter calculation means for calculating a second learning parameter for the fuel injection amount injected by the learning injection when the learning injection is executed with the pre-learning injection
- the difference between the second learning parameter and the first learning parameter is smaller than a predetermined value
- the learning injection without the pre-learning injection is executed, and the difference is the predetermined value.
- it may include an injection mode switching means for performing the learning injection with the pre-learning injection.
- the present invention is executed with the same fuel injection amount command value at the time when the injected fuel can be ignited.
- Multi-injection execution means for executing the minute micro-injection may be further provided.
- the pre-learning injection execution means may use the first micro-injection as the pre-learning injection when post injection as the micro-injection is not executed in the previous cycle.
- the learning execution means uses a learning parameter for the fuel injection amount injected by the first micro injection as the first learning parameter, and uses the learning parameter for the fuel injection amount injected by the second micro injection.
- a learning parameter may be used as the second learning parameter.
- the present invention further includes a multi-injection executing means for executing one or a plurality of micro injections in one cycle using the fuel injection valve. It may be.
- the learning execution unit calculates an estimated value of the fuel injection amount injected by the learning injection as a fuel for the learning injection.
- the first learning execution means for calculating a first learning value for matching with the command value of the injection amount, and when the learning injection is executed with the pre-learning injection, the learning injection is injected by the learning injection
- a second learning execution means for calculating a second learning value for making the estimated value of the fuel injection amount coincide with the command value of the fuel injection amount for the learning injection; and during an expansion stroke in which the reduction rate of the in-cylinder pressure is high
- the first learning value is used for the first microinjection that is first executed after the elapse of the predetermined period, and the second injection is performed when the microinjection is executed for the second time and thereafter after the elapse of the predetermined period.
- the second A learning value selection means for selecting the learning value to use the ⁇ may include a.
- the microinjection is performed in a state in which the internal state of the fuel reservoir at the time of learning execution and the internal state of the fuel reservoir at the time of actual microinjection are combined. It is possible to reflect an appropriate learning value for. Thereby, the fuel amount injected by micro injection can be controlled with high accuracy.
- the pre-learning injection in the present invention is performed when the in-cylinder pressure is stabilized during the expansion stroke in the cycle immediately before the cycle in which the learning injection is scheduled to be performed prior to the execution of the learning injection.
- the cycle in which the learning injection is scheduled to be performed it may be executed during a period up to a predetermined time earlier than the learning injection execution time. As a result, it is possible to reliably prevent the fuel reservoir from becoming airtight after the pre-learning injection.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a system configuration of an internal combustion engine 10 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the system shown in FIG. 1 includes an internal combustion engine 10.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is a four-cycle diesel engine (compression ignition internal combustion engine) 10 that is mounted on a vehicle and used as a power source.
- the internal combustion engine 10 of this embodiment is an in-line four-cylinder type, the number of cylinders and the cylinder arrangement of the internal combustion engine in the present invention are not limited to this.
- a fuel injection valve 12 for directly injecting fuel into the cylinder is installed in each cylinder of the internal combustion engine 10.
- An example of a detailed configuration of the injection unit of the fuel injection valve 12 will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the fuel injection valve 12 of each cylinder is connected to a common common rail 14. High pressure fuel pressurized by a supply pump (not shown) is supplied into the common rail 14. Then, fuel is supplied from the common rail 14 to the fuel injection valve 12 of each cylinder. The exhaust gas discharged from each cylinder is collected by the exhaust manifold 16 a and flows into the exhaust passage 16.
- the internal combustion engine 10 includes a turbocharger 18.
- the turbocharger 18 is a compressor that is integrally connected to the turbine 18a via a connecting shaft and is rotated by the exhaust energy of the exhaust gas that is input to the turbine 18a. 18b.
- the turbine 18 a of the turbocharger 18 is disposed in the middle of the exhaust passage 16.
- an oxidation catalyst 20 and a DPF (Diesel Particulate Filter) 22 are installed in this order from the upstream side in the exhaust passage 16 downstream of the turbine 18a.
- An air cleaner 26 is provided in the vicinity of the inlet of the intake passage 24 of the internal combustion engine 10.
- the air sucked through the air cleaner 26 is compressed by the compressor 18 b of the turbocharger 18 and then cooled by the intercooler 28.
- the intake air that has passed through the intercooler 28 is distributed by the intake manifold 24a and flows into each cylinder.
- An intake throttle valve 30 is installed between the intercooler 28 and the intake manifold 24 a in the intake passage 24.
- An air flow meter 32 for detecting the amount of intake air is installed near the downstream of the air cleaner 26 in the intake passage 24.
- the common rail 14 is provided with a common rail pressure sensor 34 for detecting the fuel pressure in the common rail 14.
- the intake manifold 24a is provided with an intake pressure sensor 36 for detecting the intake manifold pressure (supercharging pressure).
- the system of this embodiment includes an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 40.
- ECU Electronic Control Unit
- a crank angle sensor 42 for detecting the engine speed, and an in-cylinder pressure for detecting the in-cylinder pressure are input to the input portion of the ECU 40.
- Various sensors for detecting the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10 such as the sensor 44 are connected.
- the ECU 40 is connected to an accelerator opening sensor 46 for detecting the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal (accelerator opening) of the vehicle on which the internal combustion engine 10 is mounted.
- various actuators for controlling the operation of the internal combustion engine 10 such as the fuel injection valve 12 and the intake throttle valve 30 described above are connected to the output portion of the ECU 40.
- the ECU 40 controls the operating state of the internal combustion engine 10 by driving the various actuators according to a predetermined program based on the sensor outputs.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the tip portion on the side where fuel injection is performed in the fuel injection valve 12 shown in FIG.
- the fuel injection valve 12 includes a nozzle body 12a.
- a needle valve 12b having a conical tip is disposed in the nozzle body 12a so as to be reciprocally movable.
- An internal fuel passage 12c through which fuel flows is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle body 12a and the outer peripheral surface of the needle valve 12b. High pressure fuel is supplied to the internal fuel passage 12c from the upper side of the internal fuel passage 12c in FIG.
- a seat portion 12a1 on which the seat contact portion 12b1 of the needle valve 12b can be seated is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the nozzle body 12a near the conical tip portion of the needle valve 12b. More specifically, the needle valve 12b is configured to be seated on the seat portion 12a1 when an electromagnet (not shown) provided in the fuel injection valve 12 does not generate magnetic force. In this case, the fuel flow toward the downstream side of the seat portion 12a1 is blocked. On the other hand, the needle valve 12b is configured to be separated from the seat portion 12a1 when the electromagnet generates a magnetic force upon receiving an excitation current. As a result, the high-pressure fuel stored upstream of the seat portion 12a1 is supplied to the downstream side of the seat portion 12a1.
- a fuel reservoir portion (hereinafter also referred to as “sack”) 12d and a plurality of injection holes (two of which are shown in FIG. 2) ) 12e is formed.
- the sac 12d is a part where fuel can be accumulated by supplying fuel from the upstream side when the needle valve 12b is opened.
- the nozzle hole 12e is formed in the nozzle body 12a between the sac 12d and the sheet portion 12a1.
- the plurality of injection holes 12e are provided at predetermined angular intervals so that fuel can be injected radially around the central axis of the fuel injection valve 12.
- a part of the tip of the needle valve 12b is part of the nozzle body 12a closer to the sack 12d than the nozzle hole 12e when the needle valve 12b is seated on the seat portion 12a1 (closed state) as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that the wall surface 12f may be contacted. Thereby, in the state in which the needle valve 12b is seated on the seat portion 12a1, communication between the sac 12d and each nozzle hole 12e is also blocked. That is, the fuel injection valve 12 of this embodiment is a so-called VCO (Valve Covered Orifice) type fuel injection valve.
- VCO Value Covered Orifice
- this learning control when the engine speed falls to a predetermined value during execution of fuel cut at the time of deceleration, fuel injection with a predetermined minute injection amount is sequentially performed for each cylinder. This fuel injection is executed at a timing at which combustion is possible (for example, near the compression top dead center). This minute injection amount is an amount smaller than the amount of fuel required for idle operation.
- the engine speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne accompanying the fuel injection at such an injection quantity is measured, and the estimated injection quantity Qv corresponding to the torque that causes the engine speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne is calculated.
- the correction amount of the fuel injection amount necessary to eliminate the difference between the estimated injection amount Qv and the injection amount commanded to the fuel injection valve 12 is calculated as a learning value and stored in the ECU 40.
- minute injection such as pilot injection
- fuel injection is performed with the corrected injection amount based on the correction amount (learned value). In this way, learning control of the minute injection amount is executed.
- liquid-tight state and “air-tight state” defined above are used to express the internal state of the sac 12d in an easily understandable manner.
- the “liquid-tight state” in the present specification does not indicate only a state in which the inside of the sac 12d is strictly filled with 100% liquid.
- the “air-tight state” refers to the state of the sac 12d. It does not indicate only the state where the inside is strictly filled with 100% gas. That is, in the present specification, the presence of bubbles in the sac 12d is recognized, but a state where it is roughly filled with liquid is assumed (as a target) and referred to as a “liquid tight state”.
- liquid-tight state and “air-tight state” in this specification are used to distinguish between a state in which the amount of fuel filled in the sack 12d is relatively large and a state in which the amount of fuel is relatively small. is there.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the fuel injection amounts injected from the nozzle holes 12e between the case where the inside of the sac 12d is in a liquid-tight state and the case where it is in an air-tight state.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the lift amount of the needle valve 12b compared between the case where the inside of the sac 12d is in a liquid-tight state and the case where it is in an air-tight state.
- FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are data when the micro injection is performed.
- the amount of fuel actually injected from the nozzle hole 12e is reduced as shown in FIG. 3 as compared with the case where the same injection is performed in the liquid tight state. To do.
- fuel is consumed for replenishment into the sac 12d when in an airtight state.
- the needle valve 12b is more sealed when it is in an airtight state, as shown in FIG. 4, due to a decrease in the pushing force of the needle valve 12b by the fuel in the sack 12d. For example, the lift amount decreases.
- the change in the fuel injection amount is taken as an example, but the injection amount other than the fuel injection amount depends on whether the internal state of the sack 12d at the start of fuel injection is a liquid-tight state or an air-tight state. Properties and spraying also vary greatly.
- the rotational position of the needle valve 12b relative to the nozzle body 12a can be changed every time the lift operation is performed. For this reason, in the new state, the gap is generated depending on the rotational position. As a result, a phenomenon occurs in which the internal state of the sac 12d at the start of fuel injection changes between a liquid-tight state and an air-tight state. If the above phenomenon occurs during execution of the learning control of the minute injection amount, the fuel injection amount actually injected from the nozzle hole 12e will fluctuate. As a result, the learning result may vary, that is, erroneous learning may occur.
- the filling injection for filling the fuel so that the inside of the sac 12d is in a liquid-tight state was implemented.
- the fuel injection amount for filling in this case is an extremely small amount (for example, 1 mm 3 / st) sufficient to fill the sac 12d with fuel so as not to hinder learning control of the minute injection amount. Or less).
- the fuel injection amount may be, for example, a volume equivalent amount of the sac 12d.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the execution timing of the learning injection and the filling injection (pre-learning injection).
- the learning injection is generally performed at a predetermined timing immediately before the compression top dead center.
- the filling injection of the present embodiment is performed before the learning injection starts after the filling injection is performed in order to prevent the fuel filled in the sac 12d from flowing out and the inside of the sac 12d from being in an airtight state. The time when the in-cylinder pressure does not decrease is set.
- the filling injection is performed in the same cycle as the learning injection, the filling injection is performed at a desired time during the intake stroke and the compression stroke, as shown in FIG. .
- the learning injection is performed after a predetermined interval (for example, about 90 ° CA) has passed since the filling injection is performed so as not to be affected by the filling injection.
- a predetermined interval for example, about 90 ° CA
- the injection for learning is made to wait until the said effect converges.
- the combustion by the filling injection may occur near the compression top dead center. For this reason, in such a case, as shown in “Example 1” in FIG. 5, the execution timing of the learning injection is delayed more than usual.
- the timing of performing the injection for filling is the period during which the in-cylinder pressure decreases after the injection for filling (in the expansion stroke). The first period is avoided, and the period after the drop in the in-cylinder pressure is settled and stabilized (that is, the latter stage of the expansion stroke and the exhaust stroke).
- the inside of the sac 12d can be reliably secured by not interposing the first stage of the expansion stroke between the filling injection and the learning injection.
- the learning injection can be carried out in a liquid-tight state.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a routine executed by the ECU 40 in the first embodiment in order to realize the fine injection amount learning control in the first embodiment of the present invention. This routine is started when the engine speed drops below a predetermined value at the time of deceleration at which fuel cut is executed.
- step 100 it is determined using the crank angle sensor 42 whether or not it is the expansion stroke (previous term) (step 100). As described above, the in-cylinder pressure decreases in the expansion stroke, particularly in the first half.
- the ECU 40 stores in advance a crank angle period during which such in-cylinder pressure drop occurs.
- step 100 it is determined whether or not the current crank angle is located within the crank angle period.
- filling injection is executed (step 102). Specifically, if the injection is performed in the same cycle as the learning injection, the filling injection is performed at a predetermined time during the period from the start of the intake stroke to the end of the compression stroke. Further, in the case of performing in the cycle immediately before the learning injection, the filling injection is performed at a predetermined time during the period from the expansion stroke after the crank angle period has elapsed to the end of the exhaust stroke. .
- step 104 a process of waiting for the learning injection is performed so that at least a predetermined period (for example, 90 ° CA) from the filling injection performed in step 102 is ensured.
- the learning injection is executed at a predetermined execution timing at which combustion is possible (step 106).
- step 108 the engine speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne accompanying the learning injection is measured (step 108).
- an estimated injection amount Qv corresponding to the torque that causes the measured rotation speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne is calculated (step 110).
- step 112 a learning process of the minute injection amount is executed (step 112). Specifically, a fuel injection amount correction amount (learning value) necessary to eliminate the difference between the calculated estimated injection amount Qv and the learning injection command value executed in step 106 is calculated. It is stored in the ECU 40. The correction amount calculated in this way is used when a fine injection such as pilot injection is executed in the future.
- the injection for filling (pre-learning injection) for filling the sack 12d with fuel is executed prior to the execution of the injection for learning.
- the injection for learning can be carried out after the inside of the sac 12d is reliably liquid-tight.
- the influence of the variation in the learning value of the fuel injection amount depending on whether the internal state of the sack 12d is in a liquid-tight state or an air-tight state is a micro-injection (pilot injection or the like) performed in this embodiment. ) Towards more prominent when learning control is performed. That is, the filling injection prior to the learning injection is extremely effective as a technique for realizing an improvement in learning accuracy of a minute injection amount with a simple configuration.
- the injection for filling is executed while avoiding the first half of the expansion stroke, that is, the period during which the in-cylinder pressure decreases.
- the inside of the sac 12d in which a reliable liquid-tight state is obtained by performing the filling injection from being changed to an air-tight state before the learning injection is executed.
- Embodiment 1 the control of this embodiment was demonstrated taking the VCO type fuel injection valve 12 (refer FIG. 2) as an example.
- VCO type fuel injection valve 12 As described above, particularly in a new state, the tip end portion of the needle valve 12b and the wall surface 12f depend on the rotational position of the needle valve 12b when seated on the seat portion 12a1. There may be a gap between the two.
- a phenomenon occurs in which the internal state of the sac 12d at the start of fuel injection changes between a liquid-tight state and an air-tight state. For this reason, if the injection for filling of this embodiment is not performed in advance, learning variation may occur in the learning control of the minute injection amount.
- the configuration of the fuel injection valve that is the subject of the present invention is not limited to the VCO type described above.
- the fuel injection valve that is the subject of the present invention only needs to include a nozzle body that includes a fuel reservoir portion and at least one injection hole on the downstream side of the seat portion that contacts the seat contact portion of the needle valve. .
- the tip of the needle valve does not extend until the communication between the nozzle hole and the fuel reservoir (sac) can be cut off as in the VCO type, and the nozzle hole does not extend into the small-capacity sac (fuel reservoir).
- a fuel injection valve (so-called MS (Mini Sac) nozzle type fuel injection valve) having a configuration in which is connected may be used.
- the “learning execution means” in the present invention is realized by the ECU 40 executing the processing of the above steps 106 to 110, and the ECU 40 executes the processing of the above steps 100 to 104.
- the “pre-learning injection execution means” in the present invention is realized.
- Embodiment 2 a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG.
- the system of this embodiment can be realized by causing the ECU 40 to execute a routine shown in FIG. 7 described later together with a routine shown in FIG. 6 using the hardware configuration shown in FIG.
- the needle valve 12b when the needle valve 12b is seated on the seat portion 12a1, the needle valve 12b is seated on the seat portion 12a1 in a new state where the needle valve 12b and the nozzle body 12a are not mechanically familiar with each other.
- the internal state of the sac 12d can change between a liquid-tight state and an air-tight state.
- the degree of the outflow of fuel from the sac 12d when the in-cylinder pressure is reduced during the expansion stroke can change over time.
- the needle valve 12b and the nozzle body 12a become familiar by repeating the lift operation of the needle valve 12b.
- the sac 12d and the nozzle hole 12e Will be stably blocked. Then, the internal state of the sac 12d at the time of learning the minute injection amount is stabilized in a liquid-tight state. Even if the type is not the VCO type (for example, the MS nozzle type), the amount of bubbles flowing into the sac (fuel reservoir) after fuel injection changes, so that the degree of fuel outflow from the sac 12d May change over time.
- the type is not the VCO type (for example, the MS nozzle type
- the amount of bubbles flowing into the sac (fuel reservoir) after fuel injection changes, so that the degree of fuel outflow from the sac 12d May change over time.
- the filling injection (pre-learning injection) of the first embodiment described above during the learning control of the minute injection amount needs to be performed.
- the normal fine injection amount learning control without filling injection is executed, while the internal state of the sac 12d is liquid.
- the learning control of the minute injection amount according to the first embodiment accompanied by the injection for filling is executed.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a routine executed by the ECU 40 in the second embodiment in order to switch the execution mode of the learning control of the minute injection amount according to the determination result of the internal state of the sack 12d. Note that the processing of this routine is performed every time before performing the learning control of the minute injection amount, or once every time when the learning control is performed a predetermined number of times.
- step 202 normal learning (learning control of a minute fuel amount without injection for filling) is executed, and an estimated injection amount Qv def is calculated based on the rotation speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne in this case (step). 200).
- step 202 the learning of the first embodiment (learning control of the minute injection amount accompanied by the injection for filling) is executed under the same operating conditions as in step 200, and the estimated injection amount Qv is based on the rotation speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne in this case.
- ctrl is calculated (step 202).
- a difference ⁇ Qv between the two calculated estimated injection amounts Qv ctrl and estimated injection amount Qv def is calculated (step 204).
- the learning in the first embodiment is performed after the internal state of the sac 12d is made liquid-tight, whereas the normal learning is a normal state (either a liquid-tight state or an air-tight state) as the internal state of the sack 12d. In a state where it is not known if). If in the case where normal learning is performed under liquid-tight conditions, two putative injection amount Qv ctrl, Qv def becomes equal or close values. On the other hand, if the normal learning is performed in an airtight state, the estimated injection amount Qv def during the normal learning is larger than the estimated injection amount Qv ctrl for the reason already described with reference to FIGS. Less. Therefore, the difference ⁇ Qv in this case is a positive value.
- the predetermined value a is set in advance as a value that can distinguish these two cases, so that the internal state of the sack 12d is liquid based on the magnitude of the difference Qv. It can be determined whether or not it is stable in a dense state. Note that such determination based on the difference ⁇ Qv may be determined by referring to the history of calculated values of the past difference ⁇ Qv instead of using a single calculation result.
- step 206 If it is determined in step 206 that the difference ⁇ Qv is smaller than the predetermined value a, that is, the internal state of the sac 12d is stable in a liquid-tight state due to a change with time (for example, familiarity between the needle valve 12b and the nozzle body 12a). If it can be determined that normal injection is performed, normal learning by single injection without filling injection is selected (step 208). On the other hand, if it is determined in step 206 that the difference ⁇ Qv is greater than or equal to the predetermined value a, that is, if it can be determined that the internal state of the sack 12d is not stable in a liquid-tight state, a filling injection is accompanied. Learning in the first embodiment is selected (step 210).
- the fuel injection for obtaining the two estimated injection amounts Qv def and Qv ctrl in the second embodiment described above may be executed in the following manner. That is, at the time when combustion is possible in the same cycle, the filling injection and the learning injection are sequentially executed with the same fuel injection amount command value. Then, the estimated value of the fuel injection amount by the filling injection is used as the estimated injection amount Qv def , and the estimated value of the fuel injection amount by the learning injection is used as the estimated injection amount Qv ctrl .
- the estimated injection amount Qv def in the state where the internal state of the sac 12d is in the actual state by the filling injection, and the internal state of the sac 12d is liquidated by the subsequent learning injection.
- the estimated injection amount Qv ctrl when in the dense state can be acquired.
- the fuel injection for obtaining the two estimated injection amounts Qv def and Qv ctrl in the second embodiment described above is a mode described with reference to FIG. May be executed.
- the term “multi-injection” as used herein refers to fuel injection including main injection for generating torque and predetermined minute injection that is appropriately executed before and after the main injection.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a routine corresponding to a modification of the method for determining the internal state of the sack 12d in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- an estimated injection amount Qv 1 based on the rotational speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne accompanying the first fuel injection in the multi-injection is calculated (step 300).
- post-injection for warming up the catalyst oxidation catalyst 20 or the like
- two times prior to main injection in the compression stroke in order to improve fuel ignitability by main injection.
- pilot injection is performed.
- the first pilot injection corresponds to the first fuel injection in the multi-injection.
- an estimated injection amount Qv 2 based on the rotational speed fluctuation ⁇ Ne accompanying the second fuel injection in the multi-injection is calculated (step 302).
- the second pilot injection corresponds to the second fuel injection in the multi-injection.
- the command values for the fuel injection amounts in the first and second pilot injections are the same.
- step 304 two putative injection amount Qv 2 and the estimated injection amount Qv 1 differential ⁇ Qv calculated is calculated (step 304). Since the processing after step 304 is the same as that of the routine shown in FIG. 7, detailed description thereof is omitted here.
- the first fuel injection in the multi-injection is in the state of the internal state of the sack 12d (a state in which it is unknown whether it is in a liquid-tight state or an air-tight state). Is to be executed.
- the second fuel injection in the multi-injection is executed after the internal state of the sack 12d is made liquid-tight by the first fuel injection.
- the injection for filling according to the first embodiment can be performed only when it is determined that there is a possibility of learning variation (mis-learning) based on the determination result.
- the first and second learning parameters in the present invention are not limited to the examples used for the estimated injection amounts Qv def and Qv ctrl described above. That is, as the learning parameter, for example, the learning value (correction amount) described above in the learning control of the minute injection amount may be used instead of the estimated injection amounts Qv def and Qv ctrl .
- the ECU 40 executes the process of step 200 to realize the “first learning parameter calculation means” in the present invention, and the ECU 40 executes the process of step 202 described above.
- the “second learning parameter calculation means” in the present invention is realized, and the “injection mode switching means” in the present invention is realized by the ECU 40 executing the processing of steps 204 to 210 described above.
- the estimated injection amount Qv def corresponds to the “first learning parameter” in the present invention
- the estimated injection amount Qv ctrl corresponds to the “second learning parameter” in the present invention.
- the “multi-injection executing means” in the present invention is realized by the ECU 40 executing the micro-injection with learning in the above steps 300 and 302.
- the estimated injection amount Qv 1 corresponds to the “first learning parameter” in the present invention
- the estimated injection amount Qv 2 corresponds to the “second learning parameter” in the present invention. To do.
- Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9 and FIG.
- the system of this embodiment can be realized by causing the ECU 40 to execute a routine shown in FIG. 10 described later together with a routine shown in FIG. 6 using the hardware configuration shown in FIG.
- the MS nozzle type fuel injection valve described above is provided instead of the VCO type fuel injection valve 12.
- learning control of the minute injection amount is executed in each of the liquid-tight state and the air-tight state.
- the learning control of the minute injection amount in the liquid-tight state is executed using the method of the first embodiment in which the filling injection is executed prior to the execution of the learning injection.
- the learning control of the minute injection amount in the other airtight state is executed using a normal learning method in which the learning injection is executed in a single shot without the filling injection.
- the internal state of the sac is in an airtight state by expanding the bubbles in the sac and pushing out the fuel.
- the minute injection amount can be learned in an airtight state.
- the learning value of the micro-injection amount in the airtight state is used, and for the micro-injection that is executed for the second and subsequent times after the above period, the liquid-tight state
- the learning value of the minute injection amount is used.
- the learning value of the minute injection amount here is the fuel necessary to eliminate the difference between the estimated injection amount Qv calculated based on the rotational speed variation ⁇ Ne accompanying the learning injection and the learning injection command value. This value corresponds to the injection amount correction amount.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram exemplifying a technique for properly using the learning value of the minute injection amount according to the multi-injection embodiment.
- Example 1 in which pilot injection and after-injection are performed twice, and Example 2 in which post-injection is performed in addition to the minute injections in Example 1 are performed.
- the pilot injection is a small amount of injection that is executed prior to the main injection in the compression stroke in order to improve the ignitability of the fuel by the main injection.
- After-injection is a small amount of injection that is performed in the vicinity of the main injection after the main injection, and is performed for the purpose of promoting the re-combustion of soot generated by the main injection.
- the post-injection is not performed on the combustion itself for the purpose of warming up the catalyst (the oxidation catalyst 20 or the like), but is used in the latter stage of the expansion stroke to introduce unburned fuel into the exhaust passage 16. Or it is performed in the exhaust stroke.
- Example 9 in the case of the multi-injection of Example 1 that does not involve post-injection, as the micro-injection that is first executed after the passage of the period (mainly the previous period) during the expansion stroke in which the reduction rate of the in-cylinder pressure is high, This corresponds to the first pilot injection. Therefore, in this case, for the first pilot injection, the learning value of the minute injection amount in the airtight state obtained by the normal learning control is used. In the second pilot injection and after injection, which are the remaining micro injections, since the in-cylinder pressure has not decreased in the expansion stroke after the previous fuel injection, the micro injection in the liquid-tight state is not performed. A quantity learning value is used.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of a routine executed by the ECU 40 in the third embodiment in order to realize control for properly using the learning value according to the injection order of each micro injection included in the multi-injection. This routine is repeatedly executed every predetermined control cycle.
- the injection order of each micro injection in the multi-injection is set in advance according to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine 10.
- step 400 it is determined whether post injection has not been performed in the previous cycle (step 402).
- step 402 it is determined that post-injection has not been executed in the previous cycle, that is, the period during which the first pilot injection is in the expansion stroke in which the rate of decrease in in-cylinder pressure is higher than a predetermined value (mainly in the previous period) If this is the case with the first micro-injection executed after the elapse of time, the learning value of the micro-injection amount in the airtight state is selected in order to correct the first pilot injection amount (step 404).
- step 402 when it is determined in step 402 that post-injection has been executed in the previous cycle, that is, when the first pilot injection corresponds to the minute injection executed after the second period.
- the learning value of the minute injection amount in the liquid-tight state is selected (step 406).
- step 400 it is determined whether or not it is time to issue a command to the fuel injection valve 12 for the second pilot injection (step 408). As a result, when it is determined that the time for the second pilot injection has arrived, a learning value for the minute injection amount in the liquid-tight state is selected to correct the second pilot injection amount. (Step 406).
- step 408 it is determined whether or not it is time to issue a command to the fuel injection valve 12 for after injection (step 410). As a result, when it is determined that the time for after-injection has arrived, a learning value for the minute injection amount in the liquid-tight state is selected in order to correct the after-injection amount (step 406).
- step 410 it is determined whether or not it is time to issue a command to the fuel injection valve 12 for post injection (step 412). As a result, if it is determined that the above time for post-injection has arrived, the in-cylinder pressure will decrease in the expansion stroke after the previous fuel injection (in this case, after-injection in the same cycle). Since this is an experienced case, a learning value for the minute injection amount in the airtight state is selected to correct the post injection amount (step 404). In the processing of this routine, the use of the learning value described above is not applied to the main injection. However, the learning value selected based on the same idea may be reflected to the main injection.
- the minute injection in the airtight state is performed for the minute injection that is first executed after the period (mainly the first period) during the expansion stroke in which the decrease rate of the in-cylinder pressure is high.
- the learning value of the injection amount is used, while the learning value of the minute injection amount in the liquid-tight state is used for the minute injection executed after the second period.
- the internal state of the sack at the time of learning execution and the internal state of the sac at the time of execution of each actual micro-injection are combined to each micro injection.
- an appropriate learning value can be reflected.
- the fuel amount injected by each minute injection such as pilot injection can be controlled with high accuracy.
- the ECU 40 executes the multi-injection in the injection sequence shown in FIG. 9 to realize the “multi-injection executing means” in the present invention, and the ECU 40 is accompanied by the injection for filling.
- the first learning execution means in the present invention is realized by calculating a learning value in an airtight state using a normal learning method in which the injection for learning is executed in a single shot, and the ECU 40 learns with the injection for filling.
- the “second learning execution means” in the present invention is realized by calculating the learning value in the liquid-tight state using the learning method of the first embodiment for executing the injection for the ECU, and the ECU 40 performs the routine shown in FIG.
- the “learning value selection means” in the present invention is realized by executing a series of processes.
- the learning value of the minute injection amount in the airtight state corresponds to the “first learning value” in the present invention
- the learning value of the minute injection amount in the liquid tight state is in the present invention. This corresponds to the “second learning value”.
- the VCO type fuel injection valve 12 having the fuel reservoir portion as the sac 12d, and the fuel reservoir as the sac as well.
- the description has been given by taking an example of an MS nozzle type fuel injection valve having a portion.
- the fuel reservoir portion of the fuel injection valve according to the present invention is a portion where the fuel led to the downstream side of the seat portion can accumulate when the needle valve is lifted, the fuel is accumulated once and then injected positively. It is not limited to the one formed intentionally (sack). That is, the fuel reservoir portion of the present invention may be, for example, a space formed in manufacturing (processing) without being originally intended to be used as a fuel reservoir portion.
- the internal combustion engine 10 that is a diesel engine is described as an example of the compression ignition internal combustion engine.
- the internal combustion engine that is the subject of the present invention is not limited to the compression ignition internal combustion engine, and any spark ignition internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine provided that it has a fuel injection valve that is the subject of the present invention. It may be.
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Abstract
Description
尚、出願人は、本発明に関連するものとして、上記の文献を含めて、以下に記載する文献を認識している。
学習実行手段は、燃料噴射量を学習する燃料噴射量の学習制御を実行するものである。そして、学習前噴射実行手段は、前記学習制御のための燃料の学習用噴射の実施に先立って燃料の学習前噴射を実行するものである。
これにより、燃料溜まり部の内部を確実に液密状態としたうえで、学習用噴射を実施できるようになる。これにより、燃料噴射量の学習精度を向上させることができる。
これにより、燃料溜まり部の内部状態の変化によってより顕著に影響を受ける微小な燃料噴射量の学習制御を行う場合において、学習精度を向上させることができる。
これにより、上記差分の大きさに基づいて燃料溜まり部の内部状態を判定したうえで、学習値のばらつき(誤学習)の生ずる可能性があると判断できるときに限って、学習前噴射を伴う学習制御が実行されるようにすることができる。これにより、燃料溜まり部の内部状態が液密状態で安定している状況下において、不必要な学習用噴射が実行されるのを未然に防止することが可能となる。
そして、前記学習前噴射実行手段は、前回のサイクルにおいて前記微小噴射としてのポスト噴射が実行されない場合であって、1回目の前記微小噴射を前記学習前噴射として利用するものであってもよい。
そして、前記学習実行手段は、1回目の前記微小噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量についての学習パラメータを前記第1学習パラメータとして使用し、2回目の前記微小噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量についての学習パラメータを前記第2学習パラメータとして使用するものであってもよい。
これにより、マルチ噴射に含まれる所定の微小噴射を利用して、燃料溜まり部の内部状態を判定することができる。
そして、前記学習実行手段は、前記学習前噴射を伴わずに前記学習用噴射が実行された際に、当該学習用噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量の推定値を当該学習用噴射のための燃料噴射量の指令値と一致させるための第1学習値を算出する第1学習実行手段と、前記学習前噴射を伴って前記学習用噴射が実行された際に、当該学習用噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量の推定値を当該学習用噴射のための燃料噴射量の指令値と一致させるための第2学習値を算出する第2学習実行手段と、筒内圧力の低下率が高い膨張行程中の所定期間の経過後に最初に実行される前記微小噴射に対しては前記第1学習値を用い、前記所定期間の経過後に2回目以降において前記微小噴射が実行される場合には、当該2回目以降の前記微小噴射に対しては前記第2学習値を用いるように学習値を選択する学習値選択手段と、を含むものであってもよい。
このように、噴射順序に応じて学習値を使い分けることにより、学習実行時の燃料溜まり部の内部状態と実際の微小噴射の実行時の燃料溜まり部の内部状態とを合わせた状態で、微小噴射に対して適切な学習値を反映させられるようになる。これにより、微小噴射によって噴射される燃料量を精度良く制御することができる。
これにより、学習前噴射の実施後に燃料溜まり部が気密状態となるのを確実に防止することができる。
[内燃機関のシステム構成]
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1の内燃機関10のシステム構成を説明するための図である。図1に示すシステムは、内燃機関10を備えている。ここでは、内燃機関10は、4サイクルのディーゼルエンジン(圧縮着火式内燃機関)10であり、車両に搭載され、その動力源とされているものとする。本実施形態の内燃機関10は、直列4気筒型であるが、本発明における内燃機関の気筒数および気筒配置はこれに限定されるものではない。
図2に示すように、燃料噴射弁12は、ノズルボディ12aを備えている。ノズルボディ12aの内部には、円錐状の先端部を有するニードル弁12bが往復移動自在に配置されている。ノズルボディ12aの内周面とニードル弁12bの外周面との間には、燃料が流通する内部燃料通路12cが形成されている。内部燃料通路12cには、図2における内部燃料通路12cの上方側から高圧の燃料が供給されるようになっている。
排気ガス規制が強化される中、パイロット噴射等の微小量での燃料噴射への要求精度が高まってきた。そこで、本実施形態の内燃機関10では、燃料噴射弁の個体差や経時劣化による微小噴射量の変化を補正するために、運転中に微小噴射量の学習制御を行うようにしている。
上述したように、VCO型の燃料噴射弁12では、ニードル弁12bのリフト終了時に、ニードル弁12bがシート部12a1に着座することによって内部燃料通路12cからの燃料供給が遮断されるとともに、ニードル弁12bの先端部が壁面12fと接触することによってサック12dと噴孔12eとの連通も遮断される。このため、閉弁中のサック12dの内部は、基本的には、液体で満たされた状態(以下、「液密状態」と称する)となることが予定されている。
そこで、本実施形態では、微小噴射量の学習制御のための微小噴射(学習用噴射)の実施に先立って、サック12dの内部が液密状態となるように燃料を充填するための充填用噴射(学習前噴射)を実施するようにした。具体的には、この場合の充填用の燃料噴射量は、微小噴射量の学習制御の妨げにならないようにしつつサック12d内に燃料を充填するだけの超微小量(例えば、1mm3/st以下)でよい。また、この燃料噴射量は、例えば、サック12dの容積相当量としてもよい。
図5中に「従来」と付して示すように充填用噴射が行われない場合には、学習用噴射は、一般的に、圧縮上死点直前の所定タイミングにて行われる。一方、本実施形態の充填用噴射は、サック12dに充填した燃料が流出してサック12dの内部が気密状態とならないようにするために、充填用噴射を行った後に学習用噴射が始まる前に筒内圧力が低下しない時期とされている。
次に、図7および図8を参照して、本発明の実施の形態2について説明する。
本実施形態のシステムは、図1に示すハードウェア構成を用いて、ECU40に図6に示すルーチンとともに後述の図7に示すルーチンを実行させることにより実現することができるものである。
図8に示すルーチンでは、先ず、マルチ噴射における1回目の燃料噴射に伴う回転数変動ΔNeに基づく推定噴射量Qv1が算出される(ステップ300)。ここでは、一例として、触媒(酸化触媒20等)の暖機のためのポスト噴射は行われずに、メイン噴射による燃料の着火性向上のために圧縮行程においてメイン噴射に先立って、例えば2回のパイロット噴射が実行されるケースを想定する。このようなケースにおいては、マルチ噴射における1回目の燃料噴射には、1回目のパイロット噴射が該当する。
また、上述した実施の形態2においては、推定噴射量Qvdefが本発明における「第1学習パラメータ」に相当し、推定噴射量Qvctrlが本発明における「第2学習パラメータ」に相当する。
また、上述した実施の形態2の変形例においては、ECU40が上記ステップ300および302における学習を伴う微小噴射を実行することにより本発明における「マルチ噴射実行手段」が実現されている。
また、上述した実施の形態2の変形例においては、推定噴射量Qv1が本発明における「第1学習パラメータ」に相当し、推定噴射量Qv2が本発明における「第2学習パラメータ」に相当する。
次に、図9および図10を参照して、本発明の実施の形態3について説明する。
本実施形態のシステムは、図1に示すハードウェア構成を用いて、ECU40に図6に示すルーチンとともに後述の図10に示すルーチンを実行させることにより実現することができるものである。ただし、本実施形態では、VCO型の燃料噴射弁12に代え、上述したMSノズル型の燃料噴射弁が備えられているものとする。
図9に示すように、本実施形態では、マルチ噴射の例として、2回のパイロット噴射とアフター噴射とを実施する例1と、例1の各微小噴射に加えてポスト噴射を実施する例2を挙げている。パイロット噴射は、既述したように、メイン噴射による燃料の着火性向上のために圧縮行程においてメイン噴射に先立って実行される微小量の噴射であり、ここでは、2回行う例を挙げる。アフター噴射は、メイン噴射の後に当該メイン噴射に近接して実行される微小量の噴射であり、メイン噴射により生じたすすの再燃焼を促進することなどを目的として実行されるものである。ポスト噴射は、既述したように、触媒(酸化触媒20等)の暖機を目的として、これ自体は燃焼に付されずに排気通路16への未燃燃料の投入のために膨張行程の後期もしくは排気行程において実行されるものである。
また、上述した実施の形態3においては、気密状態での微小噴射量の学習値が本発明における「第1学習値」に相当し、液密状態での微小噴射量の学習値が本発明における「第2学習値」に相当する。
12 燃料噴射弁
12a 燃料噴射弁のノズルボディ
12a1 ノズルボディのシート部
12b 燃料噴射弁のニードル弁
12b1 ニードル弁のシート当接部
12c 内部燃料通路
12d サック
12e 噴孔
12f ノズルボディの壁面
14 コモンレール
16 排気通路
18 ターボ過給機
20 酸化触媒
22 DPF
24 吸気通路
26 エアクリーナ
28 インタークーラ
30 吸気絞り弁
32 エアフローメータ
34 コモンレール圧センサ
36 吸気圧力センサ
40 ECU(Electronic Control Unit)
42 クランク角センサ
44 筒内圧センサ
46 アクセル開度センサ
Claims (7)
- 先端部にシート当接部を有するニードル弁と、
前記シート当接部が当接するシート部と、前記シート部よりも下流側に形成された燃料溜まり部と、前記シート部よりも下流側に形成された少なくとも1つの噴孔とを備えるノズルボディと、
を含み、筒内に燃料を直接噴射可能な燃料噴射弁を備える内燃機関の制御装置であって、
燃料噴射量を学習する燃料噴射量の学習制御を実行する学習実行手段と、
前記学習制御のための燃料の学習用噴射の実施に先立って燃料の学習前噴射を実行する学習前噴射実行手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記学習前噴射は、前記燃料溜まり部を満たす燃料を噴射する充填用噴射であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の内燃機関の制御装置。
- 前記学習制御は、内燃機関の減速時において当該内燃機関のアイドル運転に必要となる燃料量よりも少ない量の燃料を前記学習用噴射として噴射し、前記学習用噴射を行った際の当該学習用噴射の量と前記内燃機関の回転変動との関係に基づいて行う微小噴射量の学習制御であることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の内燃機関の制御装置。
- 前記学習実行手段は、
前記学習前噴射を伴わずに前記学習用噴射が実行された際に当該学習用噴射により噴射される燃料噴射量についての第1学習パラメータを算出する第1学習パラメータ算出手段と、
前記学習前噴射を伴って前記学習用噴射が実行された際に当該学習用噴射により噴射される燃料噴射量についての第2学習パラメータを算出する第2学習パラメータ算出手段と、
前記第2学習パラメータと前記第1学習パラメータとの差分が所定値よりも小さい場合には、前記学習前噴射を伴わない前記学習用噴射が実行されるようにし、前記差分が前記所定値以上である場合には、前記学習前噴射を伴う前記学習用噴射が実行されるようにする噴射態様切替手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか1項記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記燃料噴射弁を用いて、前記内燃機関のトルク発生のためのメイン噴射に加え、噴射される燃料が着火可能な時期において同じ燃料噴射量の指令値で実行される2回の微小噴射を実行するマルチ噴射実行手段を更に備え、
前記学習前噴射実行手段は、前回のサイクルにおいて前記微小噴射としてのポスト噴射が実行されない場合であって、1回目の前記微小噴射を前記学習前噴射として利用し、
前記学習実行手段は、1回目の前記微小噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量についての学習パラメータを前記第1学習パラメータとして使用し、2回目の前記微小噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量についての学習パラメータを前記第2学習パラメータとして使用することを特徴とする請求項4記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記燃料噴射弁を用いて、前記内燃機関のトルク発生のためのメイン噴射に加え、1サイクル中に1または複数回の微小噴射を実行するマルチ噴射実行手段を更に備え、
前記学習実行手段は、
前記学習前噴射を伴わずに前記学習用噴射が実行された際に、当該学習用噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量の推定値を当該学習用噴射のための燃料噴射量の指令値と一致させるための第1学習値を算出する第1学習実行手段と、
前記学習前噴射を伴って前記学習用噴射が実行された際に、当該学習用噴射により噴射された燃料噴射量の推定値を当該学習用噴射のための燃料噴射量の指令値と一致させるための第2学習値を算出する第2学習実行手段と、
筒内圧力の低下率が高い膨張行程中の所定期間の経過後に最初に実行される前記微小噴射に対しては前記第1学習値を用い、前記所定期間の経過後に2回目以降において前記微小噴射が実行される場合には、当該2回目以降の前記微小噴射に対しては前記第2学習値を用いるように学習値を選択する学習値選択手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れか1項記載の内燃機関の制御装置。 - 前記学習前噴射は、前記学習用噴射の実施に先立って、当該学習用噴射の実施を予定するサイクルの1つ前のサイクルにおける膨張行程中に筒内圧力が安定した時から、前記学習用噴射の実施を予定するサイクルにおいて当該学習用噴射の実施時期よりも所定時期早い時までの期間中に実行されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか1項記載の内燃機関の制御装置。
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JP2013555065A JP5884834B2 (ja) | 2012-01-26 | 2012-01-26 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
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JP2018013117A (ja) * | 2016-07-22 | 2018-01-25 | 株式会社ニッキ | V型2シリンダ汎用エンジンの燃料供給制御システム |
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