WO2013099791A1 - Mo-Si-B系合金粉末、金属材料原料粉末およびMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法 - Google Patents
Mo-Si-B系合金粉末、金属材料原料粉末およびMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a Mo—Si—B based alloy powder used as a heat resistant material, a metal material raw material powder using the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder, and a method for producing a Mo—Si—B based alloy powder.
- Friction stir welding tools glass melting jigs, high temperature industrial furnace components, hot extrusion dies, seamless pipe piercer plugs, injection molding hot runner nozzles, casting insert molds, resistance heating vapor deposition containers Mo-based alloys are known as materials used for heat-resistant members particularly in high-temperature environments such as aircraft jet engines and rocket engines.
- a Mo—Si—B-based alloy such as Mo 5 SiB 2 is known, and the characteristics of the alloy are extremely important as a material that greatly affects the characteristics of the heat-resistant member.
- Patent Document 1 a mixed powder of Mo powder, Si powder, and B powder is prepared by mechanical alloying, and the resulting mixed powder is subjected to pressure forming and heat treatment to obtain a Mo—Si—B alloy.
- the Mo alloy containing is manufactured (patent document 1).
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 a Mo—Si—B alloy is produced by melting and rapidly solidifying a raw material, and the alloy is dispersed in a body-centered cubic Mo matrix, and at 100 ° C. or more at 1300 ° C.
- the technology which makes the material which has 0.2% yield strength of this is disclosed (patent documents 2 and 3).
- Patent Document 4 a Mo—Si—B alloy in which Mo, Si, and B are constituent elements and a Mo 3 Si phase, a Mo 5 Si 3 phase, and a Mo 5 SiB 2 phase coexist is formed by plasma spraying. (Patent Document 4).
- Patent Document 5 Mo—Si—B based alloys are manufactured by various methods and used for parts for friction stir welding as described in Patent Document 5, for example (Patent Document 5).
- the object to be welded is a metal having a gradually higher melting point, such as Fe-based, FeCr-based (stainless steel, etc.) and Ti-based alloys in recent years, from Al and Cu that have been widely used.
- parts for friction stir welding are required to have physical properties such as higher proof stress corresponding to higher melting points.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is high density and Mo— for heat-resistant alloys satisfying physical properties such as proof stress corresponding to higher melting points of objects to be joined than before.
- the object is to provide Si-B alloy powder.
- the present inventor has intensively studied peak data obtained by X-ray diffraction of Mo—Si—B based alloy powder, and as a result, the full width at half maximum of the peak representing the crystallinity of the powder is particularly characteristic of the alloy. I got the knowledge that affected.
- the raw material powder used for the sintered body is preferably a powder into which strain is introduced rather than a stress-free powder having good crystallinity.
- the full width at half maximum of Mo 5 SiB 2 (600) in the X-ray diffraction data of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder by the present inventors and the relative density and high temperature of the sintered body sintered using the same as the raw material As a result of analyzing the relationship with 0.2% proof stress, the relative density and 0.2% proof stress at high temperature may be superior when the full width at half maximum is increased by introducing strain into the powder. I found out. This has the effect of promoting the sintering by introducing strain into the powder, but it means that the high temperature strength of the sintered body is lowered when strain is introduced excessively.
- the reason why the high temperature strength is lowered by introducing strain is that if the strain is excessively deteriorated and the crystallinity of Mo 5 SiB 2 is deteriorated, the high temperature strength which is the original characteristic of Mo 5 SiB 2 cannot be exhibited. .
- the present inventors have further studied, and as a result, by controlling the full width at half maximum within a certain range, the relative density of the sintered body and the 0.2% proof stress at high temperature are improved. And led to the present invention.
- a second aspect of the present invention is a mixed powder of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder described in the first aspect and at least one powder selected from the group consisting of IVA, VA, and VIA group elements. This is a metal material raw material powder.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a method for producing the Mo—Si—B alloy powder according to the first aspect, wherein Mo powder, MoSi 2 powder and MoB powder are used as raw materials and mixed at a predetermined blending ratio.
- a method for producing a Mo—Si—B alloy powder comprising: a step of pulverizing the powder obtained by the above step; and a step of sieving the powder obtained in the pulverization treatment step. is there.
- Mo-Si-B alloy powder for heat-resistant alloys that has high density and satisfies physical properties such as 0.2% proof stress at high temperatures corresponding to higher melting points of objects to be joined than before. Can be provided.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a procedure for producing the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention. It is a figure which shows a Mo-Si-B ternary phase diagram (Source: Nunes, CA, Sakidja, R. & Perepezko, JH: Structural Intermetallics 1997, ed.by M.V.Nath, R. Darolia, CT Liu, PL Martin, DB Miracle, R. Wagner and M. Yamaguchi, TMS (1997), 831-839.). It is a figure which shows the X-ray-diffraction result of the Mo-Si-B type alloy powder of this invention.
- ICDD is a diagram showing a (International Centre for Diffraction Data) peak intensity of Mo 5 SiB 2 according.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing X-ray diffraction results of the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder of the present invention and showing peak data when a high angle side is subjected to a slow scan. It is a figure which shows the method of calculating
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder according to the present invention is obtained by controlling the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 in the peak data obtained by X-ray diffraction within a predetermined range.
- the conditions of the Mo—Si—B alloy of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the Mo—Si—B alloy powder according to the present invention has (213), (211), (310), (114), (204) diffraction peaks of Mo 5 SiB 2 in the peak data of X-ray diffraction. .
- the full width at half maximum of the above (600) is 0.08 deg. And the full width at half maximum is 0.7 deg. If it exceeds, the effect of increasing the relative density of the sintered material and the 0.2% yield strength at high temperatures cannot be obtained. Therefore, the full width at half maximum of the (600) diffraction peak is 0.08 deg. Above, 0.7 deg. Or less, preferably 0.2 deg. As described above, 0.4 deg. The following is more preferable.
- the reason for focusing on the full width at half maximum of (600) of X-ray diffraction is that it is a (100) higher-order lattice plane that is generally susceptible to crystal distortion.
- the influence of crystal distortion tends to appear on higher-order lattice planes.
- the peak of (600) focused on in the present invention did not overlap with other compounds such as Mo 3 Si and the peak of Mo, and was a peak suitable for analysis of the full width at half maximum.
- the peak intensity of the (204) plane should be larger than the peak intensity ratio of (114), which is equal to the peak intensity ratio of Mo 5 SiB 2 described in ICDD as shown in FIG. There is no need to do it.
- the full width at half maximum can be controlled, for example, by controlling the heat treatment temperature during the production of the alloy powder or by controlling the crushing (also referred to as pulverization) treatment conditions after the heat treatment. .
- the Mo—Si—B alloy according to the present invention is one in which the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 is controlled within a predetermined range, and therefore contains at least Mo 5 SiB 2 .
- the Mo—Si—B-based alloy is not necessarily required to have a complete component ratio of Mo 5 SiB 2 , for example, Mo, Si, B including Mo 3 Si, Mo 2 B, etc. as inevitable compounds described later.
- a compound containing at least two of the above may be included due to the blending of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention, but if Mo 5 SiB 2 is the main component, the effect of the present application can be obtained. Is possible.
- the Si content may be 4.2 mass% or more and 5.9 mass% or less
- the B content may be 3.5 mass% or more and 4.5 mass% or less.
- the inevitable compounds such as Mo 3 Si and Mo 2 B, for example, when Mo 5 SiB 2 is the main component of the Mo—Si—B based alloy, the intensity of the Mo 5 SiB 2 strongest peak (213) If the peak intensity of MoB (002) is about 2% and the peak intensity of the Mo 3 Si (211) plane is about 6%, it affects the density of the sintered alloy and the high temperature 0.2% proof stress that are the effects of the present invention. do not do.
- Inevitable impurities include metal components such as Fe, Ni, and Cr, and C, N, and O.
- the powder particle size of the Mo—Si—B alloy according to the present invention is such that it can be uniformly mixed / dispersed when mixed with other powders used when producing a sintered body, such as Mo powder. law (Brunauer, Emmet and Teller's method ) at 0.05 m 2 / g or more, desirable that 1.0 m 2 / g or less.
- the primary particles are mixed with significantly large particles, and therefore, blended together with the alloy powder of the present invention, for example, uniform mixing with Mo powder. This is because the dispersion is hindered and sufficient alloy characteristics cannot be obtained.
- the presence of aggregated particles makes it difficult to obtain a sufficient molding density. Moreover, if the aggregation becomes strong, it will hinder uniform mixing / dispersion with the Mo powder blended with the alloy powder of the present invention, and sufficient alloy characteristics will not be obtained.
- Oxygen in the Mo-Si-B alloy powder according to the present invention promotes the sintering of the Mo powder and the alloy powder to increase the grain boundary strength when mixed with the Mo powder and sinters, and increases the grain boundary strength. It was found that there is an effect of increasing the high temperature bending strength. As a result of the investigation by the inventors of the present application, it is preferable that oxygen having an oxygen content of 200 mass ppm or more and 45000 mass ppm or less is contained. Furthermore, in order to promote the sintering and prevent the remaining voids, it is more preferable that the content be 840 mass ppm or more and 21600 mass ppm or less.
- the oxygen content can be controlled by heat treatment process conditions of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder and by a pre-reduction treatment of the MoB powder among the raw material powders.
- Carbon in the Mo—Si—B alloy powder according to the present invention when blended with Mo powder to produce a sintered body, not only has the effect of removing oxygen present in the raw material powder of the alloy, but also the Mo parent phase. It has the effect of promoting sintering, increasing the grain boundary strength, and increasing the high-temperature bending strength of the sintered material. However, if oxygen in the Mo—Si—B alloy powder is excessively removed, the effect of promoting the sintering between the Mo—Si—B alloy powder and the Mo powder becomes low. Therefore, the carbon content is preferably 50 mass ppm or more and 1000 mass ppm or less, and more preferably 80 mass ppm or more and 220 mass ppm or less as a range for promoting the sintering.
- the carbon content may be caused by the presence of the inevitable impurities in the raw material of the Mo-Si-B alloy powder of the present invention, or a carbon source was intentionally added. It may be a thing.
- the carbon does not have to be chemically bonded to the Mo—Si—B-based powder alloy, and may be free carbon.
- Carbon as an inevitable impurity may be mixed from a metal or ceramic member of a mixing device, a heat treatment device, or a crushing device.
- free carbon in addition to simple substances such as carbon black, graphite, carbon fiber, fullerene, and diamond, organic materials, solvents, and combinations of two or more thereof can be used.
- the mechanism by which the relative density of the sintered body and the 0.2% proof stress at high temperature are improved when these oxygen and carbon are included in the Mo—Si—B alloy powder can be considered as follows.
- Mo-Si-B alloy powder having a high oxygen content When Mo-Si-B alloy powder having a high oxygen content is mixed with Mo powder and sintered, oxygen in the Mo-Si-B alloy powder reacts with Mo powder to produce molybdenum trioxide MoO 3 . . Since it is known that the melting point of MoO 3 is about 800 ° C., MoO 3 reaches the melting point before reaching the alloy sintering temperature described later, and between Mo powders, between Mo powders and Mo—Si—B system It is thought to penetrate between the alloy powders and improve the wettability of the powders to promote sintering.
- the formed MoO 3 phase is gradually reduced during sintering in the hydrogen atmosphere and eventually becomes the Mo phase, so that MoO 3 is detected in the sintered material, or the room temperature hardness and high temperature strength of the sintered material Is very unlikely to reduce Although it is considered that MoO 3 may partially evaporate, a fresh surface of Mo appears at the trace where MoO 3 is released, and it is considered that sintering is also promoted in this case.
- MoO 3 powder As a raw material of the sintered alloy.
- Mo and Mo—Si—B based alloy in which this MoO 3 powder is a different kind is considered. If it does not exist between the powders, it is difficult to obtain the effect of promoting the sintering, and when added as MoO 3 powder, it is considered that it is difficult to disperse uniformly throughout because of the small amount. Therefore, in order to improve the sinterability and the density of the sintered body, it was considered that oxygen is more preferable in the Mo—Si—B alloy powder.
- carbon in the Mo—Si—B alloy is considered to be an important component contributing to the reduction of MoO 3 .
- the carbon component can be added in the mixing step before sintering the alloy.
- the carbon component is previously added to the Mo—Si—B alloy powder as in the present invention. The ingredients should be included.
- the method for producing the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as an alloy that satisfies the above-described conditions can be produced, but the method shown in FIG. it can.
- the raw material powder is mixed at a predetermined ratio to generate a mixed powder (S1 in FIG. 1).
- Examples of the raw material include Mo powder, MoSi 2 powder, and MoB powder, and if necessary, carbon powder is added to control the carbon content of the alloy powder.
- MoB powder reactivity with oxygen is remarkable in comparison with Mo powder or MoSi 2, there is a possibility that the oxygen content during storage varies greatly as compared with other powder.
- MoB may have an oxygen content of about 10% by mass when stored for a long time or when exposed to a high humidity environment.
- an oxygen content can be used as a raw material, but the oxygen content of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder can be stabilized by performing a pre-reduction treatment. Can do.
- the oxygen content of the MoB powder used as the raw material powder of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder is preferably within 5% by mass. More preferably, it is within 2 mass%, More preferably, it is within 1 mass%. Since this process is intended to reduce MoB, a hydrogen atmosphere is used.
- the temperature of the preliminary reduction is lower than 900 ° C., the reduction effect is not sufficient, and if it is higher than 1300 ° C., there is a problem that the yield is lowered because the MoB powder burns in the boat where the powder is placed during the heat treatment.
- the temperature of the preliminary reduction is desirably 900 ° C. to 1300 ° C. Thereby, a stable reduction effect can be obtained and a high recovery rate can be obtained.
- the temperature of the preliminary reduction is more preferably 1100 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower.
- the mixed powder is heated in an atmosphere containing hydrogen or an inert gas such as argon or nitrogen (S2 in FIG. 1).
- the pressure during heating was atmospheric pressure.
- the heating temperature is lower than 1350 ° C.
- the amount of impurities such as MoB increases even if heating is performed for a long time, and when this is sintered as a raw material, the mechanical strength is reduced.
- the heating temperature is higher than 1750 ° C.
- the sintering proceeds and the particles become larger, the crystallinity is improved, and the (600) full width at half maximum of the Mo 5 SiB 2 becomes too small.
- the first control point of the full width at half maximum control of the present invention is the heat treatment condition.
- the heat-treated powder is agglomerated and needs to be crushed and sieved, but particularly when a large external force is applied to the powder under the pulverizing conditions, the powder is distorted, and the full width at half maximum of the scope of the present invention May not be obtained.
- the crystallinity is controlled, and in the crushing step which is the second control point of the second full width at half maximum control, the full width at half maximum outside the scope of the present invention is obtained. It is desirable to make the conditions that do not give distortion.
- a crushing method it may be dealt with by crushing in a mortar or using a ball mill internally coated with Mo to reduce the container rotation speed and shorten the processing time.
- the powder of the present invention can be obtained even by applying a strain by adjusting the crushing conditions.
- the crushing apparatus to be used may be a known one, for example, a mortar or a ball mill, and the conditions may be appropriately adjusted.
- the above process is the method for producing the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention.
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy according to the present invention is a powder in which strain is introduced by controlling the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 within a predetermined range, so that the sintering can be performed. Since it is possible to obtain a high-density sintered body that is promoted and to give the strain within a range that maintains the crystallinity, the high-temperature strength that is the original characteristic of Mo 5 SiB 2 can be exhibited. In addition, the physical properties such as 0.2% proof stress at a high temperature required for the friction stir welding tool corresponding to the higher melting point of the object to be joined can be satisfied.
- the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention is at least one powder selected from the group consisting of IVA, VA, and VIA group elements, for example, at least one of Mo, W, Ta, Nb, and Hf. It can be used as a heat resistant member by mixing with powder and sintering.
- the weight blending ratio of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder with respect to the weight of at least one powder selected from the group consisting of IVA, VA, and VIA group elements is 0.25 or more with respect to Mo. It is preferable that the value is 0.0 or less.
- the blending ratio of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder to Mo is smaller than 0.25, the 0.2% proof stress approaches the value of Mo and becomes low, which is one of the uses of the present invention. It is no longer suitable for joining tools.
- the moldability is deteriorated, the density of the sintered body is lowered, and the sintering cannot be performed.
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy is a very hard material, if the weight ratio is higher than this, it is more preferable to sinter with the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder than to sinter through the Mo particles. High frequency, thereby increasing the possibility of forming pores.
- the blending ratio of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder to Mo exceeds 1.3, the hardness of the sintered body increases, so that it exhibits a more excellent effect as a wear resistant material but becomes brittle. Therefore, it is more preferable that the range is 0.25 or more and 1.3 or less for applications that require ductility.
- the blending ratio of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder to Mo is 0.25 to 4.
- W, Ta, Nb, and Hf may be mixed so that the volume ratio of Mo and Mo—Si—B alloy is equal to 0.
- X-ray diffractometer manufactured by Rigaku Corporation (model number: RAD-IIB) Tube: Cu (K ⁇ X-ray diffraction) Divergence slit and scattering slit opening angle: 1 ° Opening width of light receiving slit: 0.3 mm Opening width of monochromator light receiving slit: 0.6mm Tube current: 30 mA Tube voltage: 40 kV Scan speed: 1.0 ° / min
- the relative density was determined as follows.
- the relative density here is a value expressed by% by dividing the density measured for the prepared sample (bulk) by the theoretical density.
- the theoretical density of the Mo—Mo 5 SiB 2 alloy was determined by the following procedure. (1) The mass% of Mo, Si, and B in the bulk was measured by ICP-AES, and the value was converted to mol%. (2) The composition points of mol% of Si and B were plotted on the ternary phase diagram shown in FIG. 2 (see black circles in FIG. 2). Since the bulk composition is mostly Mo or Mo 5 SiB 2 , the plot points are on a straight line connecting the composition point of Mo 5 SiB 2 and the composition point of Mo 100%. (3) As shown in FIG.
- the distance between the plot point and the Mo 100% composition point is X
- the distance between the Mo 5 SiB 2 composition point is Y
- the ratio of X and Y is 100%. Convert.
- X is the molar ratio of Mo 5 SiB 2
- Y is the molar ratio of Mo.
- Mb 8.55 g / cm 3
- the hardness of the heat-resistant alloy was measured by using a micro Vickers hardness meter (model number: AVK) manufactured by Akashi Co., Ltd., and applying a measurement load of 20 kg at 20 ° C. in the atmosphere.
- the number of measurement points was 5 and the average value was calculated.
- the sintered body was processed to have a length: about 25 mm, a width: about 2.5 mm, and a thickness: about 1.0 mm, and the surface was polished using # 600 SiC polishing paper.
- the sample is set in an Instron high-temperature universal testing machine (model number: 5867 type) so that the pin interval is 16 mm, and the head is pressed against the sample at 1200 ° C. in an Ar atmosphere at a crosshead speed of 1 mm / min.
- a three-point bending test was performed to measure 0.2% proof stress.
- Example 1 Evaluation of full width at half maximum by X-ray diffraction of powder> First, a Mo—Si—B alloy powder having a different full width at half maximum of (600) was prepared and mixed with Mo powder to produce a sintered body, and the relative density and 0.2% proof stress were measured. The specific procedure is as follows.
- Mo—Si—B alloy powder was prepared.
- Mo powder having a purity of 99.99% by mass or more, an average particle size by the Fsss method of 4.8 ⁇ m and an oxygen content of 580 ppm, and an average particle size by the Fsss method of 8.1 ⁇ m.
- MoSi 2 powder with an oxygen content of 8250 ppm was blended at a ratio of 14.3% by mass and MoB powder with an average particle size by Fsss method of 8.1 ⁇ m was blended at a ratio of 42.3 mass%, and mixed in a mortar to prepare a mixed powder. .
- the oxygen content of the MoB powder was 78200 mass ppm
- a heat treatment was performed at 1150 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to reduce the oxygen content, and the oxygen content was reduced to 19800 mass ppm.
- the obtained mixed powder was heat-treated at 1250 ° C. to 1800 ° C. for 1 hour in a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain an alloy powder.
- the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 can be controlled.
- the full width at half maximum is the largest at the lowest temperature of 1250 ° C., and the full width at half maximum tends to be smaller as the temperature is increased, and at the highest temperature of 1800 ° C.
- the full width at half maximum is the smallest.
- the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 can also be controlled by changing the crushing time in this step. If the crushing time is in the range of 15 minutes to 120 minutes, the full width at half maximum is the smallest in 15 minutes with the shortest crushing time, and the full width at half maximum tends to increase as the crushing time is increased. In 120 minutes with a long crushing time, the full width at half maximum is the largest.
- the powder which controlled the full width at half maximum of Mo 5 SiB 2 (600) by the heating temperature and the crushing time was finally sieved using a # 60 sieve, and the powder of Mo 5 SiB 2 (600)
- the full width at half maximum is 0.05 deg. 0.8 deg.
- a Mo—Si—B alloy powder was prepared.
- Table 1 shows the full width at half maximum of the produced Mo—Si—B alloy powder, the relative density of the sintered body, and the 0.2% yield strength at high temperature (1200 ° C.).
- the produced Mo—Si—B alloy powder has (213), (211), (310), (114), (204) diffraction peaks of Mo 5 SiB 2 , The peak coincides with the peak described in ICDD of Mo 5 SiB 2 shown in FIG. 4, and it was revealed that the obtained alloy contains Mo 5 SiB 2 as a main component.
- a slow scan was performed to obtain the peak data of FIG.
- the full width at half maximum was obtained by extracting the full width of the peak at a position half the peak intensity as shown in FIG. As a result, 0.21 deg.
- all the powders of the present invention were 0.08 deg. Above, 0.7 deg. It was found to be within the following range.
- the powder C which is a comparative example of another production method, is 90.6% by mass of Mo powder (Fsss: 4.8 ⁇ m), 5.3% by mass of Si powder (Fsss: 10 ⁇ m), and B powder (Fsss: This is an example in which a powder in which 4.1% by mass of 15 ⁇ m) is mixed is prepared and a Mo—Si—B alloy powder is produced by a gas atomization method.
- the powder D which is a comparative example of another manufacturing method is 90.6 mass% of Mo powder (Fsss: 4.8 ⁇ m), 5.3 mass% of Si powder (Fsss: 10 ⁇ m), and B powder (Fsss: This is an example in which a powder mixed with 4.1% by mass of 15 ⁇ m) is put into a container, substituted with argon gas, subjected to MA treatment with a vibration ball mill using steel balls as media.
- the powders produced by these existing methods also produced sintered bodies under the same sintering conditions as in Example 1.
- the full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 was 0.08 deg.
- powder B 0.7 deg. It was found that the relative density was lower in both cases, and the 0.2% yield strength at high temperatures was significantly reduced.
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder has a full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 of 0.08 deg. ⁇ 0.7 deg. In the range, and it represents the powder size in the measured specific surface area by the BET method to produce what was 0.03m 2 /g ⁇ 1.5m 2 / g.
- the powder particle size can be controlled by heating temperature, heating time and crushing time. When the heating temperature is increased, the heating time is lengthened, or the crushing time is shortened, the powder particle size is increased, and the particle size value obtained by the BET method is decreased. On the other hand, when the heating temperature is lowered, the heating time is shortened, or the pulverization time is lengthened, the powder particle size becomes small, and the particle size value obtained by the BET method becomes large.
- the Mo—Si—B alloy powder having a particle size of 0.03 to 1.5 m 2 / g by the BET method, 44% by mass of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder as described above, 54% by mass of the powder and 2% by mass of the MoSi 2 powder were mixed, and compression molded using a uniaxial press machine under conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a molding pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 to obtain a molded body.
- Table 2 shows the composition of the produced Mo—Si—B alloy powder, the relative density of the sintered body, and the 0.2% yield strength at a high temperature (1200 ° C.).
- the oxygen content of the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder is set to 190 ppm to 45300 ppm
- the carbon content is set to 40 ppm to 1050 ppm
- 44% by mass of the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder and 54% of the Mo powder are obtained in the same manner as described above.
- 2% by mass of MoSi 2 and MoSi 2 powder were mixed and compression molded using a uniaxial press machine under conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a molding pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 to obtain a molded body.
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder used here has a (600) full width at half maximum of 0.08 deg.
- the oxygen content of the Mo—Si—B-based alloy powder is affected by the oxygen content of the raw material powder used, particularly the MoB powder, the heating temperature in the pre-reduction treatment of the MoB powder, or the pre-reduction treatment It can be controlled by the amount of carbon powder charged in In addition, the carbon content of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder can be controlled by the amount of carbon powder introduced in the pre-reduction treatment of the MoB powder.
- Table 3 shows the oxygen content, carbon content, relative density of the sintered body, and 0.2% proof stress of the produced Mo—Si—B alloy powder.
- the bonded body had a relative density of 5% or more and a 0.2% proof stress of 100 MPa or more as compared with a sintered body using powder outside the range.
- a sintered body using Mo—Si—B alloy powder having an oxygen content of 840 mass ppm or more and 21600 mass ppm or less and a carbon content of 80 mass ppm or more and 220 mass ppm or less. was found to further increase the 0.2% yield strength.
- a sintered body was manufactured by setting the weight ratio of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder to the Mo powder to 0.2 to 1.5, and having a relative density and a 0.2% proof stress at a high temperature (1200 ° C.). It was measured.
- the specific procedure is as follows.
- the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder has a full width at half maximum of (600) of Mo 5 SiB 2 of 0.08 deg. ⁇ 0.5 deg. In the range of, and was the powder particle size to produce what was 0.05m 2 /g ⁇ 1.0m 2 / g by the BET method.
- the prepared Mo—Si—B based alloy powder was mixed in a weight ratio of 0.2 to 5.0 with respect to the Mo powder, and the Mo—Si—B based alloy powder and the Mo powder were mixed in the same manner as described above.
- compression molding was performed under conditions of a temperature of 20 ° C. and a molding pressure of 3 ton / cm 2 to obtain a molded body.
- a sintered body is produced by atmospheric pressure hydrogen sintering at 1800 ° C.
- a sintered body was manufactured by hot pressing at a sintering temperature of 1750 ° C. and a pressure of 50 MPa.
- Table 4 shows the weight ratio, relative density, room temperature hardness, 0.2% proof stress and bending strength at high temperatures (1200 ° C.) of the Mo—Si—B alloy powder to the Mo powder in the produced sintered body. .
- the relative density of the sintered body is out of the range by setting the weight ratio of the Mo-Si-B alloy powder to the Mo powder in the range of 0.25 to 4.0. Higher than. Moreover, in the range of 0.25 or more and 1.3 or less, the 0.2% proof stress at high temperature is higher than that outside the range, and in the range exceeding 1.3 and 4.0 or less, the room temperature hardness is out of range. 0.2% proof stress could not be measured because the bending amount in the bending test was small, but the strength was evaluated by the bending strength, and it was found that the strength was higher than the one outside the range. It was. However, when the weight ratio of the Mo-Si-B alloy powder to the Mo powder is 0.2 and 0.25, the bending strength does not break and the measurement limit of the testing machine is exceeded. It was not possible to measure.
- the heating temperature of the heat treatment for reducing MoB is from 900 ° C. to 1300 ° C., whereby an effect of reducing the amount of oxygen is obtained.
- the amount of oxygen is hardly reduced, and at 1450 ° C.
- the powder was baked on the boat and the recovery rate was about 60%, which proved unsuitable for practical use.
- the heating temperature of the heat treatment for reducing MoB is desirably 900 ° C. or higher and 1300 ° C. or lower.
- Example 2 In Example 1, Mo powder, MoB powder, and MoSi 2 powder were mixed, and the mixed powder was heated in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a Mo—Si—B-based alloy powder in detail.
- Example 2 the result of producing the Mo—Si—B alloy powder by heating the mixed powder in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen will be described.
- Example 2 the same Mo powder as that used in Example 1 was used, but the MoB powder had an oxygen content of 730 ppm, the MoSi 2 powder had an oxygen content of 2830 ppm, and the atmosphere during heating was argon and nitrogen. Otherwise, a Mo—Si—B alloy powder was produced in the same manner as described in Example 1. However, since the amount of oxygen in the raw material MoB powder was sufficiently low, the preliminary reduction step was not performed.
- Table 6 shows the results of evaluation of the obtained Mo—Si—B alloy powder.
- the full width at half maximum of Mo 5 SiB 2 (600), the amount of Si, the amount of B, and the particle size measured by the BET method are the same as those synthesized in the hydrogen atmosphere shown in the above examples,
- the characteristics of the sintered body produced using the obtained Mo—Si—B alloy powder were also equivalent. That is, according to this result, by using a raw material powder having a low oxygen content as the MoB, MoSi 2 powder, and heating in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon or nitrogen, a Mo—Si—B alloy powder is produced. It was found that Mo—Si—B alloy powder satisfying the required characteristics can be produced even in a hydrogen atmosphere.
- the present invention also includes a friction stir welding tool, a glass melting jig, a high temperature industrial furnace member, a hot extrusion die, a seamless pipe piercer plug, a hot runner nozzle for injection molding, and a nested mold for casting. It can be applied to a heat-resistant member in a high temperature environment such as a resistance heating vapor deposition container, an aircraft jet engine and a rocket engine.
- the Mo—Si—B alloy powder of the present invention can be applied as powder flame spraying or powder for gas plasma spraying. A high film can be formed and high heat resistance can be imparted.
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係るMo-Si-B系合金粉末は、X線回折のピークデータにおいて、Mo5SiB2の(213)、(211)、(310)、(114)、(204)回折ピークを有する。
本発明に係るMo-Si-B系合金は、Mo5SiB2の(600)の半値全幅を所定の範囲に制御したものであるため、少なくともMo5SiB2を含んでいる。
本発明に係るMo-Si-B系合金の粉末粒度は、焼結体を作製する際に用いられる他の粉末、例えばMo粉末と混合した際に均一な混合・分散を可能とするため、BET法(Brunauer,Emmet and Teller's method)で0.05m2/g以上、1.0m2/g以下であるのが望ましい。
本発明に係るMo-Si-B系合金粉末における酸素は、Mo粉末と混合して焼結する際に、Mo粉末と合金粉末の焼結を促進し粒界強度を高め、焼結した材料の高温曲げ強さを高める効果があることがわかった。本願発明者の調査の結果、酸素含有量が200質量ppm以上、45000質量ppm以下の酸素が含まれていることが好ましい。さらに焼結の促進と空孔の残存を防止させるためには、840質量ppm以上、21600質量ppm以下とした方がより好ましい。
本発明に係るMo-Si-B系合金粉末における炭素は、例えばMo粉末と配合し焼結体を製造した場合、合金の原料粉末に存在する酸素を除去する効果だけでなく、Mo母相の焼結を促進し粒界強度を高め、焼結した材料の高温曲げ強さを高める効果がある。しかし、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の酸素を過度に除去すると、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末とMo粉末間の焼結を促進する効果が低くなる。そのため、炭素含有量が50質量ppm以上、1000質量ppm以下であるのが好ましく、さらに焼結を促進する範囲として、80質量ppm以上、220質量ppm以下であるのがより好ましい。
次に、本発明のMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法について説明する。
本発明のMo-Si-B系合金粉末は、IVA、VA、VIA族元素よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の粉末、例えばMo、W、Ta、Nb、Hfのうちの少なくとも1種の粉末と混合して焼結することにより、耐熱性部材として用いることができる。
装置:(株)リガク製X線回折装置(型番:RAD-IIB)
管球:Cu(KαX線回折)
発散スリット及び散乱スリットの開き角:1°
受光スリットの開き幅:0.3mm
モノクロメーター用受光スリットの開き幅:0.6mm
管電流:30mA
管電圧:40kV
スキャンスピード:1.0°/min
次に、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の酸素含有量の測定は、LECO製酸素分析装置「TC600」を用いて行い、炭素含有量の測定は、堀場製作所製炭素硫黄分析装置「EMIA-810」を用いて行った。
粉末粒度の測定は、スペクトリス製表面積測定装置「モノソーブ」を用いて行った。
相対密度は、次のようにして求めた。ここでいう相対密度とは、作製した試料(バルク)について測定した密度を理論密度で除して%で表した値である。
バルク密度はアルキメデス法により求めた。具体的には、空中と水中での重量を測定し、下記計算式を用いてバルク密度を求めた。
バルク密度=空中重量/(空中重量-水中重量)×水の密度
まず、以下の手順でMo-Mo5SiB2合金の理論密度を求めた。
(1)ICP-AESにより、バルク中のMo、Si、Bの質量%を測定し、その値をmol%に換算した。
(2)図2に示す三元系状態図上にSi、Bのmol%の組成点をプロットした(図2の黒丸参照)。なお、バルクの組成は大部分がMoかMo5SiB2なので、Mo5SiB2の組成点とMo100%の組成点を結ぶ直線上にプロット点が乗る。
(3)図2に示すように、前記プロット点とMo100%の組成点の間の距離をX、Mo5SiB2の組成点との間の距離をYとして、XとYの比率を100%換算する。このとき、XはMo5SiB2のmol比率、YはMoのmol比率となる。
(4)Moの原子量をa(=95.94g/mol)、Mo5SiB2の原子量をb(=105.9g/mol)とし、Moの密度をMa(=10.2g/cm3)、理想的に組成調整されたMo5SiB2のバルク材の密度をMb(=8.55g/cm3)とする。
(5)ここでMo5SiB2とMoの質量比は以下のように表される。
Mo5SiB2:Mo=X・b:Y・a
これより、合金全体の質量は以下のように表される。
合金全体の質量=X・b+Y・a
合金全体の体積=(X・b/Mb)+(Y・a/Ma)
よって、合金の密度は、合金全体の質量/合金全体の体積で求められ、
理論密度Mt=(X・b+Y・a)/[(X・b/Mb)+(Y・a/Ma)]となる。
耐熱合金の硬度測定は(株)アカシ製マイクロビッカース硬度計(型番:AVK)を用い、大気中20℃にて測定荷重20kgを加えることにより、ビッカース硬度を測定した。測定点数は5点とし、平均値を算出した。
耐熱合金の0.2%耐力は、以下の手順により測定した。
<粉末のX線回折による半値全幅の評価>
まず、(600)の半値全幅の異なる、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末を作製してMo粉末と混合して焼結体を製造し、相対密度と0.2%耐力を測定した。具体的な手順は以下の通りである。
次に、加熱条件と開催条件の調整により、粉末粒度の異なるMo-Si-B系合金粉末をMo粉末と混合して焼結体を製造し、相対密度と0.2%耐力を測定した。具体的な手順は以下の通りである。
次に、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の酸素含有量を190ppm~45300ppm、炭素含有量を40ppm~1050ppmとして、前記と同様にMo-Si-B系合金粉末を44質量%、Mo粉末を54質量%、およびMoSi2粉末を2質量%混合し、一軸式プレス機を用いて、温度20℃、成形圧3ton/cm2の条件下で圧縮成形し、成形体を得た。ここで用いたMo-Si-B系合金粉末は、Mo5SiB2の(600)の半値全幅が0.08deg.~0.5deg.の範囲で、かつ粉末粒度をBET法で0.05m2/g~1.0m2/gとしたものである。ここで、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の酸素含有量は、用いる原料粉末、特にMoB粉末の酸素含有量に影響を受けるため、MoB粉末の予備還元処理での加熱温度、または前記予備還元処理で投入する炭素粉末の量によって制御可能である。また、Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の炭素含有量は、前記MoB粉末の予備還元処理で投入する炭素粉末の量によって制御可能である。
次に、Mo粉末に対するMo-Si-B系合金粉末の重量配合比率を0.2~1.5として焼結体を製造し、相対密度と高温(1200℃)での0.2%耐力を測定した。具体的な手順は以下の通りである。
なお、以上の実施例においてMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造に用いたMoB粉末は、酸素量7.82%のものを用いたが、これでも予備還元処理を施すことにより本発明の目的を十分に達成することができることを示した。しかしMoB粉末は、保管中に空気中の水分を吸着しながら酸化が進行し、酸素含有量が10質量%程度まで高くなってしまうこともある。そこで次に、MoBを予備還元する加熱処理の効果について詳述する。具体的には、酸素含有量9.8%のMoB粉末を800℃~1450℃の温度で1時間加熱処理を行い、その後15分間乳鉢で解砕処理を行った後、酸素含有量を測定した。その結果を表5に示す。
実施例1においては、Mo粉末、MoB粉末、およびMoSi2粉末を混合し、混合粉末を水素雰囲気中で加熱してMo-Si-B系合金粉末を作製した結果について詳細に説明した。
Claims (13)
- Mo5SiB2を含み、かつ、X線回折におけるMo5SiB2の(600)のピークの半値全幅が0.08deg.以上、0.7deg.以下であることを特徴とするMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- Mo5SiB2を主成分とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- Si含有量が4.2質量%以上、5.9質量%以下、B含有量が3.5質量%以上、4.5質量%以下で、残部がMoおよび不可避不純物であることを特徴とする請求項1または2のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- BET法で測定した粒度が0.05m2/g以上、1.0m2/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- X線回折でMo5SiB2の(204)のピーク強度が、前記(114)のピーク強度より大きいことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- 酸素含有量が200質量ppm以上、45000質量ppm以下、炭素含有量が50質量ppm以上、1000質量ppm以下および不可避化合物と不可避不純物とからなることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- 酸素含有量が840質量ppm以上、21600質量ppm以下、炭素含有量が80質量ppm以上、220質量ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末と、IVA、VA、VIA族元素よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種以上の粉末による混合粉末であることを特徴とする金属材料原料粉末。
- 前記IVA、VA、VIA族元素よりなる群から選択される粉末が、Mo、W、Ta、Nb、Hfのうちの少なくとも1種以上の粉末であることを特徴とする請求項8記載の金属材料原料粉末。
- 前記IVA、VA、VIA族元素よりなる群から選択される少なくとも1種以上の粉末重量に対する、前記Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の重量配合比率は、Moに対して0.25以上、4.0以下とし、この場合のMoとMo-Si-B系合金の体積比率を等しくなるように、IVA、VA、VIA族の各元素をMo-Si-B系合金と混合したことを特徴とする請求項8または9のいずれか一項に記載の金属材料原料粉末。
- 前記Mo-Si-B系合金粉末の重量配合比率は、Moに対して0.25以上、1.3以下とし、この場合のMoとMo-Si-B系合金の体積比率を等しくなるように、IVA、VA、VIA族の各元素をMo-Si-B系合金と混合したことを特徴とする請求項8または9のいずれか一項に記載の金属材料原料粉末。
- 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法であって、
原料としてMo粉末、MoSi2粉末およびMoB粉末を用い所定の配合比率で混合する混合工程と、
前記混合工程により得られた混合粉末を水素または不活性ガスを含む雰囲気にて1350℃以上、1750℃以下で加熱処理する熱処理工程と、
前記熱処理工程により得られた粉末を解砕処理する工程と、
前記解砕処理工程で得られた粉末を篩分する工程と、
を具えることを特徴とするMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法。 - 前記MoB粉末を、前記混合工程に先立ち、予め水素雰囲気で900℃以上、1300℃以下で加熱処理する予備還元工程を有することを特徴とする請求項12記載のMo-Si-B系合金粉末の製造方法。
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US9884367B2 (en) | 2018-02-06 |
EP2799163A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
JP5905907B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
EP2799163A4 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
JPWO2013099791A1 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
US20140373681A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
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