WO2013065304A1 - 空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013065304A1 WO2013065304A1 PCT/JP2012/006999 JP2012006999W WO2013065304A1 WO 2013065304 A1 WO2013065304 A1 WO 2013065304A1 JP 2012006999 W JP2012006999 W JP 2012006999W WO 2013065304 A1 WO2013065304 A1 WO 2013065304A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- land
- sipe
- land portion
- tire
- surface side
- Prior art date
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000006829 Ficus sundaica Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1204—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
- B60C11/1218—Three-dimensional shape with regard to depth and extending direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1259—Depth of the sipe
- B60C11/1263—Depth of the sipe different within the same sipe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/0306—Patterns comprising block rows or discontinuous ribs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1204—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
- B60C2011/1213—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe sinusoidal or zigzag at the tread surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/12—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes
- B60C11/1204—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe
- B60C2011/1227—Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes with special shape of the sipe having different shape within the pattern
Definitions
- the present invention is a pneumatic tire having a land portion in a tread portion and provided with a sipe extending in the tire width direction with an amplitude in the tire circumferential direction on the land portion, in particular, snow performance, dry performance,
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire that realizes all wet performance at the same time at a high level.
- a plurality of tires extending along the tire width direction with respect to a land part provided on a tread part are provided.
- a sipe is formed and an edge component is provided.
- a sipe there is known a two-dimensional sipe having a zigzag shape or a corrugated shape on the tread surface and a cut extending vertically to the tread surface without changing the shape in the depth direction.
- an object of the present invention is to simultaneously realize snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance at a high level in a single land portion in a pneumatic tire having a sipe in a land portion.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- a pneumatic tire having a land portion in a tread portion and provided with a sipe extending in a tire width direction with an amplitude in a tire circumferential direction on the land portion, wherein the sipe is radially inward from a surface of the land portion In the depth direction toward the land, the land surface side portion that bends from the land surface toward the tire circumferential direction, and the land portion surface side portion bends in a direction different from the land portion surface side portion or the displacement of the land surface side portion. And a land portion bottom side portion that bends in the tire circumferential direction with a displacement different from that of the pneumatic tire.
- an edge component in the tire width direction and the tire circumferential direction
- the surface (tread surface) in contact with the road surface is formed on the surface (tread surface) in contact with the road surface. It can be demonstrated.
- the sipe near the land surface is bent in the depth direction in the direction (tire circumferential direction) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sipe (tire width direction)
- the sipe opens and the edge is snow on the road surface. When digging up, the amount of intrusion into the snow in the land increases and snow performance can be further improved.
- (A) is a figure showing the deformation
- (b) is a figure of the land part subdivided by the sipe at the time of driving
- It is a partial expanded view of a tread part of an example of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention. It is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows an example of the state of the depth direction of the sipe 5a shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 3 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line AA.
- FIG. 6 It is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows the other example of the state of the depth direction of the sipe 5a shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 5 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line AA.
- the land part 2 it is a figure which shows the example of arrangement
- (A)-(f) is a figure explaining the planar view shape and position of a sipe in each depth direction position about the sipe 5a shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2B shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line BB.
- FIG. 11B is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2A shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line CC.
- (A) is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2B shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line BB.
- FIG. 11 is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2A shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line CC.
- A is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2B shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line BB.
- FIG. 11B is an example of an arrow cross-sectional view when the land portion 2A shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line CC.
- FIG. 12 is an example of a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line BB.
- FIG. 12 is an example of a cross-sectional view taken along an arrow when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 11 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line CC.
- (A) is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows the sipe of the conventional example tire.
- FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a sipe of the comparative example tire 1.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a diagram showing a deformed state of a land portion subdivided by sipe when traveling on a snowy road surface
- FIG. 1 (b) is subdivided by sipe when traveling on a normal road surface. It is a figure showing the deformation
- FIG. 2 is a partial development view of a tread portion of an example of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “tire”) according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an example of the state of the sipe 5a shown in FIG. 2 in the depth direction.
- FIG. 1 (a) is a diagram showing a deformed state of a land portion subdivided by sipe when traveling on a snowy road surface
- FIG. 1 (b) is subdivided by sipe when traveling on a normal road surface. It is a figure showing the deformation
- FIG. 2 is a partial development view of a tread
- FIG. 4 is an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 3 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line AA.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing another example of the state of the sipe 5a shown in FIG. 2 in the depth direction.
- FIG. 6 is an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 5 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line AA. In FIG. 6, sipes are not shown.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement example in which the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion is different between sipes in the land portion 2.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the shape and position of the sipe in plan view at each position in the depth direction with respect to the sipe 5a shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 9 is a sectional perspective view showing a modified example of the sipe whose sectional perspective view is shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 10 is a sectional perspective view showing a modified example of the sipe shown in FIG. is there.
- FIG. 2 is a partial development view of a tread portion 1 of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter referred to as “tire”) according to the present invention.
- the tread portion 1 has a block-shaped or rib-shaped land portion 2.
- a block-shaped land is formed by a circumferential groove 3 that extends in the tire circumferential direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 2) and a lateral groove 4 that intersects this and extends in the tire width direction (X direction shown in FIG. 2).
- a plurality of sections 2 are formed, and four block rows are formed in the tire width direction.
- FIG. 2 is a partial development view of a tread portion 1 of a pneumatic tire (hereinafter referred to as “tire”) according to the present invention.
- the tread portion 1 has a block-shaped or rib-shaped land portion 2.
- a block-shaped land is formed by a circumferential groove 3 that extends in the tire circumferential direction (Y direction shown in FIG. 2) and a lateral groove 4 that intersects this and extend
- the land part of the pneumatic tire of this invention is divided and formed only by the circumferential groove
- the circumferential groove 3 is linear in FIG. 2, but may be non-linear such as zigzag, sawtooth, or wave.
- the land portion 2 is provided with a plurality of sipes 5 extending in the tire width direction, and in the illustrated example, four sipes 5a to 5d.
- Each of the sipes 5a to 5d has a zigzag shape with an amplitude f in the tire circumferential direction, as shown in a plan view in FIG.
- the “sipe extending in the tire width direction” referred to herein includes a sipe extending at an angle of 60 ° or less with respect to a direction parallel to the tire width direction. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 2, the sipe is completely parallel to the tire width direction, that is, the sipe extending in a direction orthogonal to the tire circumferential direction.
- a sipe that inclines to the right in the land portion in the right side area of the paper, and inclines to the left in the land portion in the left area of the paper surface with the tread center line CL as a boundary may be used.
- the sipe 5 has a zigzag shape in plan view, but the plan view shape of the sipe 5 may be any shape that extends in the tire width direction with an amplitude in the tire circumferential direction. Therefore, the sipe may have a planar wave shape, for example.
- the number of sipes may be 1 to 3 or 5 or more.
- both ends of the sipe 5 are open to the circumferential groove 3 or the tread end, but the sipe 5 may be terminated in the land portion 2.
- the sipe 5 is bent from the land surface S toward the tire circumferential direction in the depth direction from the land surface S toward the inside in the tire radial direction. It is important to have a portion and a land bottom side portion that bends in a direction different from the land surface side portion or bends in the tire circumferential direction with a displacement different from the displacement of the land surface side portion. .
- “bend in the tire circumferential direction (or tire width direction)” includes a case in which it is bent in a direction inclined with respect to the tire circumferential direction (or tire width direction). .
- the sipe 5 referred to in the present invention is a notch in which at least a part of the groove wall of the sipe is closed when the land portion 2 is grounded, and the opening width in a non-grounded state is 0.3 to 1.0 mm.
- the land portion 20 is subdivided into small land portions 20 a by sipes 50.
- the snow side which is the road surface is deformed, so that the small land portion 20a subdivided by sipe is directed toward the stepping side as shown in FIG. 1 (a). It becomes a simple bending deformation that draws one convex.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an example of the state of the sipe 5a shown in FIG. 2 in the depth direction.
- the shape of the sipe 5a in the land surface S is a zigzag shape having an amplitude f.
- Z direction the depth direction from the land surface S toward the inside in the tire radial direction
- Y direction the tire circumferential direction
- X direction the tire width direction
- it is bent while being displaced in the tire circumferential direction (Y direction) in the region near the land surface.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional state of the sipe 5a among the plurality of sipes 5.
- the sipes 5a to 5d are provided in parallel with each other, and all have the same sipe shape. It is.
- FIG. 4 is an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 3 is cut in the tire circumferential direction by a straight line AA. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the intersection of the center line L of the amplitude of the zigzag sipe 5a on the land surface S and the sipe 5a (that is, the position of the amplitude 0 of the sipe 5a) is defined as a point P. Shows an example of a cross-sectional view of the land portion 2 when the land portion 2 is cut by a plane perpendicular to the land surface S through the point P and perpendicular to the center line L. It is a thing.
- the center line L of the amplitude of the sipe 5a refers to a virtual line representing the tire circumferential direction average position of the sipe 5a displaced in the tire circumferential direction. That is, it means a tire circumferential direction equisegmentation line between two straight lines extending in the tire width direction through the tire circumferential direction maximum position (tire circumferential direction outermost position) of the sipe 5a.
- the land portion 2 is subdivided into five small land portions 2a by four sipes 5a to 5d.
- reference numeral 8 denotes the center line of the amplitude of the sipe 5 that draws a zigzag shape on the cross section in the tire radial direction when the land portion 2 is cut along a plane parallel to the land surface S.
- a connected surface hereinafter referred to as a sipe center surface 8) is shown. That is, the locus of the amplitude center line of the sipe 5 extending in the tire radial direction while maintaining the zigzag shape on the land surface S is shown on the AA cross section.
- Reference numeral 9 indicated by a dotted line indicates the sipe bending point, that is, the maximum amplitude position of the sipe when the sipe 5a to 5d is seen through the AA section of the land portion 2. Therefore, in the sipe 3 having the amplitude f, the distance from the sipe center plane 8 to the dotted line 9 is f.
- the sipe 5a is a land part surface side part bent from the land part surface S toward a tire circumferential direction in the depth direction which goes to the tire radial inside from the land part surface S. It is characterized by having a 5a 1.
- the center plane 8 starts to be displaced immediately from the land surface S and protrudes rightward or leftward on the paper surface in the vicinity of the land surface (in the illustrated example, rightward on the paper surface). And is returned to the same position as the tire circumferential direction position on the land surface S.
- the tire of the present invention not only has a sipe having a zigzag shape in plan view on the land surface S in the region near the land surface, but also in the longitudinal direction of the sipe (in the illustrated example, the tire). It has a sipe that bends in a direction orthogonal to the width direction (in the illustrated example, the tire circumferential direction).
- a sipe that bends in a direction orthogonal to the width direction (in the illustrated example, the tire circumferential direction).
- an edge component is formed on the land surface S and the traction performance in the contact area with the snow road surface is improved.
- the snow performance is also improved in the depth direction of the land portion. It becomes possible to make it.
- the sipes 5a may, in the tire radial direction area inside the land portion surface side portion 5a 1, land portion surface side portion 5a 1 and different directions, in the first embodiment, the tire width It has a land portion bottom side portion 5a 2 bent and extending in the direction.
- the sipe center plane 8 is linear without being displaced in the left-right direction on the paper.
- the shape of the sipe 5a seen from the land surface side changes in the depth direction of the sipe 5a as shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (f).
- the sipe 5a shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the land surface position as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8A shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the position II shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8C shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the position II-II shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 8D shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the position III-III shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8E shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the position IV-IV shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 8F shows the plan view shape of the sipe 5a at the position VV shown in FIG. , Changes (bends) in the depth direction.
- a line P ′ indicates the position of a virtual plane extending in the tire radial direction through the center line L located on the land surface.
- the sipe 5a in the land portion surface side portion 5a 1 , the sipe 5a is maintained in a planar view shape (zigzag shape) from the land portion surface side toward the inside in the tire radial direction. It can be seen that after displacement to one side in the tire circumferential direction (lower side in FIG. 8), the position returns to the original (same as the land surface) tire circumferential position. Further, from FIGS. 8C to 8F, in the land portion bottom side portion 5a 2 , the sipe 5a maintains a plan view shape (zigzag shape) from the land surface side toward the inside in the tire radial direction.
- the small land portion 2a subdivided by the sipe is collapsed.
- the small land portions will be in contact with each other in the central area. Therefore, at least in the region, the sipe 5a is bent in the tire width direction (that is, the sipe 5a is displaced in the tire width direction at the bottom portion of the land while maintaining the shape in plan view).
- the bent portions of the land portion 2a are engaged with each other, and the falling of the small land portion can be effectively suppressed. As a result, a sufficient contact area of the land portion is ensured, and it becomes possible to improve the traction performance and the brake performance when traveling on a normal road surface.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing another example of the state of the sipe 5a shown in FIG. 2 in the depth direction.
- the sipe 5a has a zigzag shape having an amplitude f on the land surface S. And, in the depth direction (Z direction) from the land surface S toward the inside in the tire radial direction, it is bent and extended while being displaced in the tire circumferential direction (Y direction). At this time, the sipe 5a extends in the tire radial direction while maintaining the same shape as the zigzag shape on the land surface S.
- FIG. 5 shows the cross-sectional state of the sipe 5a among the plurality of sipe 5 shown in FIG. 2, but in the illustrated example, the sipe 5a to 5d are provided in parallel with each other. Sipe with the same shape.
- FIG. 6 shows an arrow view when the land portion 2 shown in FIG. 5 is cut in the tire circumferential direction along a straight line AA. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the land portion 2 when the land portion 2 is cut by a plane perpendicular to the land surface S through the point P and perpendicular to the center line L. It shows another example of the cross-sectional view.
- the sipe 5a is bent from the land surface S to the tire circumferential direction in the depth direction from the land surface S to the inside in the tire radial direction (as in the first embodiment). It is characterized by having a land surface side portion 5a 1 that is displaced).
- the center plane 8 is displaced so as to protrude rightward or leftward on the paper surface (in the illustrated example, rightward on the paper surface) in the vicinity of the land surface. It is characterized in that it returns to the same position as the position in the tire circumferential direction.
- the sipe 5a is at the tire radial direction area inside the land portion surface side portion 5a 1, tire circumferential with a different displacement n the displacement m of the land portion surface side portion 5a 1 It has the land part bottom side part 5a 2 bent in the direction, and this point is different from the first embodiment.
- the sipe center plane 8 in the tire radial direction inner region from the land surface vicinity region is bent in the left-right direction on the paper surface in the same manner as the land surface side portion 5 a 1.
- displacement n of the land portion bottom portion 5a 2 to the tire circumferential direction is characterized in that different displacement m in the circumferential direction of the tire land portion surface side portion 5a 1.
- the “displacement” is equal to twice the amplitude of the sipe center plane 8 in the tire circumferential cross section (that is, the vibration width).
- both the land surface side portion 5a 1 and the land portion bottom side portion 5a 2 are bent in the tire circumferential direction, and the displacements thereof are made different so that the performance on the snow road surface and the normal road surface can be made compatible. Can do. As a result, it is possible to secure a sufficient land area on the land and improve traction performance and braking performance during normal road running.
- the displacement n in the circumferential direction of the tire land portion bottom portion 5a 2 is greater than the displacement m in the circumferential direction of the tire land portion surface side portion 5a 1 (m ⁇ n) is preferable. This is because the degree of meshing between the small land portions 2a, that is, the support effect between the small land portions can be increased.
- the sipe depth at both ends of the sipe width direction is preferably shallower than the sipe depth at the center of the sipe width direction.
- the land portion surface S is inward in the tire radial direction.
- sipe width direction refers to the longitudinal direction of the sipe
- both ends in the sipe width direction refers to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the sipe.
- the rigidity of the land portion is secured, the collapse of the land portion is suppressed, and the dry performance and wetness during normal road surface traveling are suppressed.
- the performance can be further improved.
- the both ends in the width direction of the land portion for land portion surface side portion 5a 1 is provided, even snow performance during snow road traveling, it is possible to ensure at the same time.
- the depth H1 of the land surface side portion 5a 1 is preferably 20 to 40%, and preferably 25 to 35% of the maximum depth H of the sipe. Is more preferable.
- the land portion 5a 1 By arranging the land surface side portion 5a 1 in such a range, the land portion easily penetrates into snow when traveling on a snowy road surface, so that the sipe function in the region near the land surface can be sufficiently exhibited. This is because the snow performance can be improved.
- FIG.1 (b) the small land parts subdivided by the sipe mutually contact in the center area of the land part in the depth direction at the time of a normal road surface driving
- the land portion bottom side portion 5a 2 in a region deeper than 20 to 40% of the maximum sipe depth H from the land surface S, the collapse of the land portion is sufficiently suppressed, and the dry performance and wetness are reduced. This is because the performance can be improved.
- the maximum sipe depth H can be 60 to 90% of the circumferential groove depth.
- land portion surface side portion 5a 1 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is preferable to have one inflection point.
- the sipe 5a is greatly bent only once in the tire circumferential direction in the region near the land surface, the resistance to the road surface of the land surface side portion 5a 1 penetrating into the snow increases.
- the amount of intrusion into the snow and the amount of digging in the land increases, and it becomes possible to further improve the snow performance by the edge effect.
- the displacement m in the tire circumferential direction between the starting point and the bending point on the land surface S of the sipe center surface 8 of the land surface side portion 5a 1 is the land surface.
- the distance (dimension) H1 in the depth direction of the side portion 5a 1 is preferably 0.2 to 0.4 times.
- the degree of bending land portion surface side portion 5a 1 in the above range, penetration amount and digging amount into the snow of the small land portions 2a is increased. As a result, the snow performance can be further improved.
- the bending directions of the land portion surface side portions 5 a 1 of the plurality of sipes 5 are all the same direction.
- FIG. 7 the bending direction of the land surface side portion 5 a 1 in the land portion 2. May be arranged differently.
- the sipe depth in the sipe width direction both ends was made shallower than the sipe depth in the sipe width direction center.
- the land portion surface side portion 5a 1 is formed from the land portion surface S toward the inside in the tire radial direction.
- a vertical portion extending from the land surface S toward the inside in the tire radial direction may be formed at at least one end in the sipe width direction. Note that “extending inward in the tire radial direction” means that the vertical portion extends at an angle of 10 ° or less with respect to a direction parallel to the tire radial direction.
- the angle formed by the surface S can be 80 to 90 °.
- FIG. 9 shows a modification of a sipe whose sectional perspective view is shown in FIG. 3
- FIG. 10 shows a modification of a sipe whose sectional perspective view is shown in FIG.
- the vertical portions 10 may be formed at both ends in the width direction of the sipe, and the vertical portions 10 may be opened at the circumferential grooves or tread ends. If the vertical portion 10 is formed, when forming a sipe using a sipe forming blade provided on the inner peripheral surface (tread molding surface) of the vulcanization mold, the sipe is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the vulcanization mold. It is because arrangement
- the depth of the vertical portion 10 should be shallower than the sipe depth in the center of the sipe width direction. Is preferred.
- the width of the vertical portion 10 in the sipe extending direction is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
- the tire of the present invention has a vertical portion 10 having a sipe depth shallower than the sipe width direction center and a sipe width direction center as shown in FIGS. It is preferable that the sipe depth is shallow, and the land portion surface side portion 5a 1 is provided at both ends in the sipe width direction.
- the inventor has found that the performance of the pneumatic tire as a whole can be further improved by appropriately arranging the sipe as described above in the tread portion. Specifically, the inventor arranges the above-mentioned characteristic sipe in the land portion in consideration of the bending direction in the tire circumferential direction of the land surface side portion, so that snow performance, dry performance, We have found that all wet performance can be realized at a high level at the same time. Therefore, a sipe arrangement pattern capable of simultaneously realizing all the performances of snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance at a high level will be described below.
- the pneumatic tire which has an example of the arrangement
- this pneumatic tire is a tire whose rotational direction is the arrow direction shown in FIG. 11 when the tire rotates forward. Further, the sipe provided in each land portion includes a land portion surface side portion bent in the tire circumferential direction and a land portion bottom side portion bent in the tire width direction, and is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
- a land portion located on the tread end TE side is referred to as a shoulder side land portion RS, and the tire equator is more than the shoulder side land portion RS.
- the land part located in the line CL side be the center side land part RC .
- the shoulder-side land portion RS is a land portion that is at least on the tread end side, and in the example shown in FIG. 11, the land portion that is located on the same tire circumferential direction line as the land portion 2A and constitutes the land portion row. And all the land portions that are located on the same tire circumferential direction line as the land portion 2D and constitute the land portion row.
- the center side land portion RC is a land portion closer to the tire equator than the shoulder side land portion RS , and in the example shown in FIG. 11, is located on the same tire circumferential direction line as the land portion 2B. All the land portions constituting the land portion row and all the land portions constituting the land portion row located on the same tire circumferential direction line as the land portion 2C.
- the bending direction toward the tire circumferential direction of each land portion surface side portion of the plurality of sipes is all the same in the same land portion row of the land portions arranged in the tire circumferential direction.
- the bending direction toward the tire circumferential direction of the land portion surface side portion of the sipe of the shoulder side land portion RS , and the tire circumference of the land portion surface side portion of the sipe of the center side land portion RC is a different direction.
- the snow rigidity is greatly affected by the land rigidity in the tread center region.
- braking performance is important for dry performance and wet performance. Therefore, the land rigidity in the tread shoulder region greatly affects the dry performance and the wet performance.
- the arrangement of the sipe according to the first arrangement pattern it is possible to particularly improve the snow performance in the center region, while improving the dry performance and the wet performance particularly in the shoulder region.
- the center side land portion RC in the center side land portion RC , as shown in FIG. 12 (a), particularly in the center side land portion RC , as shown in FIG. 12 (a) in the cross-sectional view BB when the land portion 2B is cut in the tire circumferential direction.
- the sipe 5 is arranged so that the bending direction of the land surface side portion is opposite to the tire rotation direction, that is, the kicking side.
- the shoulder-side land portion RS as shown in FIG. 12 (b)
- the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion is as shown in FIG. 12 (b) when the land portion 2A is cut in the tire circumferential direction.
- the sipe 5 is arranged so as to be on the tire rotation direction side, that is, on the stepping side.
- the sipe of the land surface side part opens and the edge digs up snow on the road surface, and the amount of penetration of the land into the snow Will increase.
- the bent convex portion on the surface portion of the land portion is the stepping side, so that the lifting deformation at the time of braking input is suppressed, and the contact area can be secured.
- FIG. 11 shows an example in which only the land portion closest to the tread end is the shoulder-side land portion RS and the center two rows of land portions are the center-side land portion RC.
- the land portion of the land portion row on the tread end side may be the shoulder side land portion RS
- the land portion of the central three rows may be the center side land portion RC
- Only the land part may be the center side land part RC
- the other land part may be the shoulder side land part RS .
- positioning pattern is applicable also when the land part 2 is a rib-shaped land part.
- the sipe 5 is landed so that the bending direction toward the tire circumferential direction of each land portion surface side portion of the plurality of sipes is all in the same direction within the same rib-shaped land portion continuous in the tire circumferential direction. It is important to dispose the unit 2.
- ⁇ Second arrangement pattern> In the second arrangement pattern, similarly to the first arrangement pattern, the same land portion of the land portion in which the bending direction toward the tire circumferential direction of each land portion surface side portion of the plurality of sipes is arranged in the tire circumferential direction It is important to arrange the sipe 5 with respect to the land portion 2 so that all are in the same direction in the row.
- the bending direction toward the direction is the same direction.
- the bending directions of the surface portions of the land portions of the sipe 5 in the tread portion 1 are all the same direction.
- the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the sipe is the same in the entire region of the tread portion. Therefore, among the snow performance or the dry performance and the wet performance, the performance to be particularly improved can be improved over the entire tread portion.
- the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the center side land portion RC is the tire rotation direction side (FIG. 13A), and the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the shoulder side land portion RS is also set.
- the sipe is arranged so as to be on the tire rotation direction side (FIG. 13B)
- dry performance and wet performance can be particularly improved. This is because lifting deformation at the time of braking input of the bent convex portion on the surface portion of the land portion is suppressed over the entire region of the tread portion, and a sufficient ground contact area can be secured.
- the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the center side land portion RC is opposite to the tire rotation direction (FIG. 14A), and the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the shoulder side land portion RS is also shown.
- snow performance can be improved.
- the sipe of the surface part of the land part opens over the entire area of the tread part, and the edge digs up snow on the road surface, and the amount of penetration of the land part into the snow increases. Because it becomes.
- positioning pattern is applicable also when the land part 2 is a rib-shaped land part.
- the sipe 5 is arranged with respect to the land portion 2 so that the bending direction in the tire circumferential direction of each land portion surface side portion of the plurality of sipes is the same direction in all the rib-shaped land portions. It is important to do.
- ⁇ Third arrangement pattern> In the third arrangement pattern shown below, first, a region of one land side in the tire circumferential direction and a region on the other side in the tire circumferential direction in one block-shaped land portion are in the bending direction of each land portion surface side portion of the plurality of sipes. Therefore, it is important to arrange the sipe 5 with respect to the land portion 2 so as to be opposite to each other. 15 and 16 show an arrow sectional view CC when the land portion 2A is cut in the tire circumferential direction, or an arrow sectional view BB when the land portion 2B is cut in the tire circumferential direction. Is.
- the arrow cross-sectional view BB and the arrow cross-sectional view CC have the same shape. If it demonstrates concretely using FIG. 15, when the land part 2 is cut
- the sipe 5 in which the bending direction of the land surface side portion is opposite to each other is provided in the same land portion, snow performance, wet performance, It becomes possible to ensure all performances equally.
- the bent convex portion of the land surface side portion is directed to both ends in the tire circumferential direction of the land portion, so that the small block on the input / output side is smaller than the small block group on the input side. The contribution of the group to each performance increases.
- the edge on the input / output side easily penetrates into the snow on the snow road surface, and the floating deformation on the input / output side is suppressed on the dry / wet road surface. Snow performance, wet performance, and dry performance can be improved evenly.
- land part 2 which has the sipe shown in Drawing 15 or Drawing 16 in the whole tread part 1 is arranged. This is because all the snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance can be ensured uniformly in the entire region of the tread portion 1 according to such a configuration.
- inventive tires 1 to 6 according to the present invention the conventional tire according to the prior art, and the comparative tire 1 were prototyped, and the snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance of each tire were evaluated.
- Inventive tire 1 has a tread pattern shown in FIG. 2 having a size of 195 / 65R15, an applied rim 6J ⁇ 15, an applied internal pressure of 200 kPa, a sipe cross section shown in FIG. 3, and a sipe center plane 8 shown in FIG. 1 is a radial tire for a passenger car according to the first embodiment.
- Each specification is as shown in Table 1 below.
- the invention example tire 2 is a radial tire for a passenger car according to the second embodiment, which includes a land portion having the tread pattern shown in FIG. 2, the sipe cross section shown in FIG. 5, and the sipe center plane 8 shown in FIG. These are the same as those of the tire 1 of the invention except that the respective specifications are as shown in Table 1 below.
- the invention example tire 3 includes a land portion in which sipes are arranged so that the bending direction of the land portion surface side portions of the sipes 5a and 5b is opposite to the bending direction of the land portion surface side portions of the sipes 5c and 5d.
- This is a radial tire for passenger cars, and is the same as the tire 1 of the invention except that each specification is as shown in Table 1 below.
- the invention example tire 4 is a radial tire for passenger cars having a sipe whose sipe depth at the both ends of the sipe width direction is the same as the sipe depth at the center of the sipe width direction.
- Table 1 Table 1 below. It is the same as that of the invention example tire 1 except being as shown.
- the invention example tire 5 is a radial tire for a passenger car including a sipe in which the depth H1 of the land surface side portion 5a 1 is less than 20% of the maximum sipe depth H.
- the invention example tire 6 is a land tire.
- the conventional tire has a two-dimensional sipe having a zigzag shape extending in the tire width direction with amplitude in the tire circumferential direction and extending linearly in the tire radial direction. It is a radial tire for passenger cars provided with the land part which has. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 17 (b), the comparative example tire 1 has a sipe located in the region of the depth H1 from the land surface in the tire width direction in the tire width direction with an amplitude in the tire circumferential direction. This is a radial tire for a passenger car having a zigzag shape that extends and a two-dimensional sipe that extends linearly in the tire radial direction.
- Snow performance was evaluated by performing an on-snow acceleration test in which the vehicle was installed on a snowy road surface, the accelerator was fully opened from the stationary state of the vehicle, and the time (acceleration time) until traveling 50 m was measured.
- Wet performance was evaluated by performing a wet braking test in which the vehicle was placed on a wet road surface and the control distance until the vehicle became stationary when full braking was applied from the initial speed of 80 km / h.
- the dry performance was evaluated by performing a dry braking test in which the vehicle was placed on a dry road surface and the control distance until the vehicle became stationary when full braking was applied from the initial speed of 100 km / h.
- Table 2 Both are values expressed as indices with the measured value of the conventional tire as 100 (reference), and the larger the value, the better each performance.
- inventive tires 7 to 11 according to the present invention and comparative tire 2 were prototyped, and the snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance of each tire were evaluated.
- the tires 7 to 11 of the invention have tread patterns shown in FIG. 11 having a size of 195 / 65R15, an applied rim 6J ⁇ 15, an applied internal pressure of 200 kPa, and the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
- This is a radial tire for passenger cars having the sipe.
- Invention Example Tire 7 is a pneumatic tire in which sipes are arranged on the entire tread portion in accordance with the first arrangement pattern. At this time, the sipe is disposed so that the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the center side land portion RC is opposite to the tire rotation direction, that is, the kicking side (FIG. 12 ( a)). On the other hand, the sipe is arranged so that the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the shoulder side land portion RS is the tire rotation direction side, that is, the stepping side (FIG. 12B).
- the depth H 1 of the land surface side portion 5a 1 is 2.0 mm
- the maximum sipe depth H is 7.0 mm
- the displacement m 0.5 mm of the sipe center plane of the land surface side portion 5a 1
- the displacement n 0 mm sipe center plane of the land portion bottom portion 5a 2.
- the invention example tire 8 is a pneumatic tire in which sipes are arranged on the entire tread portion in accordance with the second arrangement pattern. At this time, the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the center side land portion RC and the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the shoulder side land portion RS are both on the tire rotation direction side (FIG. 13). (A), (b)) Sipes are arranged. Other configurations are the same as those of the tire 7 of the invention.
- Inventive tire 9 is a pneumatic tire in which sipes are arranged in the entire tread portion in accordance with the second arrangement pattern, similarly to inventive tire 8. At this time, the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the center side land portion RC and the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the shoulder side land portion RS are both opposite to the tire rotation direction ( 14 (a) and 14 (b)) sipes are arranged. Other configurations are the same as those of the tire 7 of the invention.
- Invention Example Tire 10 is a pneumatic tire in which sipes are arranged on the entire tread portion in accordance with the third arrangement pattern. At this time, a plurality of sipes are arranged so that the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the sipe is directed toward the center of the land portion 2 with respect to one land portion (FIG. 15). Other configurations are the same as those of the tire 7 of the invention.
- Example Tire 11 is a pneumatic tire in which sipes are arranged on the entire tread portion in accordance with the third arrangement pattern, similarly to Example Tire 10. At this time, a plurality of sipes are arranged with respect to one land portion so that the bending direction of the land portion surface side portion of the sipe is directed toward both ends of the land portion 2 in the tire circumferential direction (FIG. 16). .
- Other configurations are the same as those of the tire 7 of the invention.
- the comparative example tire 2 is provided with a conventional two-dimensional sipe shown in FIG. 17 (a) that is zigzag on the land tread surface and extends linearly in the tire radial direction on the center side land portion RC .
- the shoulder side land portion RS has a zigzag shape on the land portion tread surface, and in the tire radial direction, extends linearly in the region near the land surface, and is displaced in the tire width direction in a deeper region.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the tire of the invention example.
- inventive tires 7 to 11 and comparative tire 2 were mounted on vehicles, and various evaluation tests were performed in the same manner as the inventive tires 1 to 6. At this time, the inventive tires 7 to 9 were mounted on the vehicle so that the bending direction of the land surface side portion in each region in the tire circumferential direction is the above-described arrangement with respect to the tire rotation direction.
- Table 3 Each is a value represented by an index with the measured value of the comparative example tire 2 being 100 (reference), and indicates that each performance is improved as the numerical value is increased.
- a pneumatic tire in a pneumatic tire provided with a sipe in a land portion, a pneumatic tire capable of simultaneously realizing all of snow performance, dry performance, and wet performance in a single land portion at a high level is provided. It became possible.
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Abstract
Description
そこで近年、深さ方向においてもサイプの形状を変化させ、細分化された陸部の内壁面同士を接触させることで陸部の倒れ込みを抑制した、三次元サイプが提案されている(例えば、特許文献1)。
発明者は、上述したタイヤの深さ方向における曲げ変形の違いに着眼し、サイプの深さ位置に応じてサイプ形状を適切に設定することによれば、単一の陸部内にて、種々の性能、すなわちスノー性能、ドライ性能、ウェット性能を確保できるとの知見を得て、本発明を完成するに至った。
トレッド部に陸部を有し、該陸部に、タイヤ周方向の振幅を伴ってタイヤ幅方向に延びるサイプを設けた空気入りタイヤであって、前記サイプは、陸部表面からタイヤ径方向内側に向かう深さ方向において、該陸部表面からタイヤ周方向に向かって屈曲する陸部表面側部分と、該陸部表面側部分と異なる方向に屈曲するか、又は該陸部表面側部分の変位とは異なる変位を伴ってタイヤ周方向に屈曲する陸部底側部分とを有することを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。
従って、本発明によれば、陸部にサイプを設けた空気入りタイヤにおいて、単一陸部内にて、スノー性能、ドライ性能、ウェット性能の全てを、同時に高い次元で実現することが可能となる。
トレッド部1は、ブロック状又はリブ状の陸部2を有する。図示例では、タイヤ周方向(図2で示すY方向)に延びる周方向溝3と、これと交差してタイヤ幅方向(図2で示すX方向)に延びる横溝4とによって、ブロック状の陸部2が複数個区画形成され、タイヤ幅方向に4列のブロック列をなしている。
なお、図2では、周方向溝3及び横溝4によって区画されるブロック状の陸部2を示しているが、本発明の空気入りタイヤの陸部は、周方向溝のみによって区画形成される、タイヤ周方向に連続するリブ状の陸部であってもよい。
また、周方向溝3は、図2では直線状であるが、例えば、ジグザグ状、鋸歯状、波状等の非直線状であってもよい。
また、図2において、サイプ5は平面視ジグザグ形状であるが、サイプ5の平面視形状は、タイヤ周方向の振幅を伴ってタイヤ幅方向に延びる形状であればよい。従って、サイプは、例えば平面視波型形状であってもよい。また、1つの陸部2に対して4本のサイプ5a~5dを設けているが、サイプの本数は、1~3本又は5本以上であってもよい。さらに図示例では、サイプ5の両端が周方向溝3またはトレッド端に開口しているが、サイプ5は、陸部2内で終端していてもよい。
まず、車両を雪路面上で走行させた場合には、路面である雪側が変形するため、サイプにより細分化された小陸部20aは、図1(a)に示すように、踏込み側に向かって一つの凸を描く単純曲げ変形となる。一方、車両を通常路面上で走行させた場合には、路面側は変形することなく、陸部表面が路面に拘束されることになる。そうすると、サイプ50により細分化された小陸部20aは、タイヤ径方向内側から外側に向かっての変形を見た場合、図1(b)に示すように、一度踏込み側に凸を描いた後、変曲点を経て、今度は蹴り出し側に向かって凸を描く、二重曲げ変形となる。このように、サイプにより細分化された小陸部20aの変形形態は、路面の状態によって全く異なる。
具体的には、小陸部20aの変形が単純曲げ変形(図1(a))となる雪路面走行時のために、タイヤ回転時に路面との接触頻度の高い陸部表面近傍域に、スノー性能に効くサイプを配置する。陸部表面近傍域にかかるサイプを配置することで、細分化された小陸部20aの角部6が雪に貫入し、エッジを効果的に作用させることができるからである。一方、小陸部20aの変形が二重曲げ変形(図1(b))となる通常路面走行時のために、陸部表面近傍よりもタイヤ径方向内側の、陸部の深さ方向中央領域7に、小陸部20aの倒れ込み抑制に効くサイプを配置する。陸部の深さ方向中央領域7にて、細分化された小陸部20aの内壁同士が接触することから、特に、当該領域にかかるサイプを配置することで、小陸部20aの倒れ込みが効果的に抑制される。その結果、通常路面走行時に陸部20全体の接地面積を確保し、トラクション性能及びブレーキ性能を向上させることができるからである。
図3は、図2に示したサイプ5aの、深さ方向の状態の一例を示す断面斜視図である。
サイプ5aは、上記の通り、陸部表面Sにおける平面視形状が、振幅fを有するジグザグ形状である。そして、陸部表面Sからタイヤ径方向内側に向かう深さ方向(Z方向)においては、タイヤ周方向(Y方向)及びタイヤ幅方向(X方向)へ変位しながら屈曲して延びている。具体的には、陸部表面近傍域ではタイヤ周方向(Y方向)へ変位しながら屈曲している。そして、陸部表面近傍域よりも深い領域ではタイヤ幅方向(X方向)へ変位しながら屈曲して延びている。この際、サイプ5aは、陸部表面S上のジグザグ形状(振幅形状)と同じ形状を維持しながら、タイヤ径方向に延びている。
なお、図3は、複数本のサイプ5のうち、特にサイプ5aの断面状態を示したものであるが、図示例において、サイプ5a~5dは相互に平行に設けられており、全て同じサイプ形状である。
このように、本発明のタイヤは、陸部表面近傍域において、陸部表面S上で平面視ジグザグ形状のサイプを有するだけでなく、深さ方向においても、サイプの長手方向(図示例ではタイヤ幅方向)に直交する向き(図示例ではタイヤ周方向)に屈曲するサイプを有する。これにより、陸部表面Sにエッジ成分が形成され、雪路面との接地領域でのトラクション性能が向上することは勿論であるが、加えて、陸部の深さ方向においても、スノー性能を向上させることが可能となる。すなわち、上記の構成によれば、サイプが開いて陸部が路面上の雪を掘り起こす際に陸部の雪への貫入量が増加するとともに、雪との接触面積及び掘り起こし量が増加されることになる。その結果、陸部表面近傍域でのスノー性能を、より一層向上させることが可能となるのである。
より詳細に説明すると、サイプ5aは、陸部表面側から見た平面視形状が、サイプ5aの深さ方向に、図8(a)~(f)に示すように変化している。具体的には、サイプ5aは、陸部表面位置におけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(a)に示し、図3に示す位置I-Iにおけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(b)に示し、図3に示す位置II-IIにおけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(c)に示し、図3に示す位置III-IIIにおけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(d)に示し、図3に示す位置IV-IVにおけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(e)に示し、図3に示す位置V-Vにおけるサイプ5aの平面視形状を図8(f)に示すように、深さ方向に変化(屈曲)している。なお、図8中、線P’は、陸部表面に位置する中心線Lを通ってタイヤ径方向に延びる仮想平面の位置を示している。
図8(a)~(c)より、陸部表面側部分5a1では、陸部表面側からタイヤ径方向内方に向かって、サイプ5aが、平面視形状(ジグザグ形状)を維持したまま、タイヤ周方向一方側(図8では下側)へ変位した後、元の(陸部表面と同じ)タイヤ周方向位置に戻ることが分かる。また、図8(c)~(f)より、陸部底側部分5a2では、陸部表面側からタイヤ径方向内方に向かって、サイプ5aが、平面視形状(ジグザグ形状)を維持したまま、タイヤ幅方向一方側(図8では右側)へ変位した後、元のタイヤ幅方向位置に戻ることを繰り返していることが分かる。そして、陸部底側部分5a2では、サイプ5aが、タイヤ周方向の位置を変えることなくタイヤ幅方向一方側(図8では右側)に向かって変位しているので、図4に示す断面において、サイプ中心面8が、紙面左右方向に変位することなく直線状となる。
図5は、図2に示したサイプ5aの、深さ方向の状態の他の例を示す断面斜視図である。
サイプ5aは、陸部表面Sにおいて振幅fを有するジグザグ形状である。そして、陸部表面Sからタイヤ径方向内側に向かう深さ方向(Z方向)においては、タイヤ周方向(Y方向)へ変位しながら屈曲して延びている。この際、サイプ5aは、陸部表面S上のジグザグ形状と同じ形状を維持しながら、タイヤ径方向に延びている。
なお、図5は、図2に示す複数本のサイプ5のうち、特にサイプ5aの断面状態を示したものであるが、図示例においてサイプ5a~5dは相互に平行に設けられており、全て同じ形状のサイプである。
かかる構成によれば、上述の通り、雪路でのトラクション性能を向上させることができるとともに、陸部の雪への貫入量及び掘り起こし量を増加させることができる。従って、スノー性能をより一層向上させることができる。
かかる構成によれば、小陸部2aの倒れ込み時に、小陸部同士が相互に接触する領域で屈曲部分同士が係合するため、小陸部の倒れ込みを効果的に抑制することができる。また、陸部表面側部分5a1及び陸部底側部分5a2を共にタイヤ周方向に屈曲させつつ、その変位を異なるようにすることで、雪路面及び通常路面上での性能を両立させることができる。その結果、陸部の接地面積を充分に確保し、通常路面走行時のトラクション性能、ブレーキ性能を向上させることが可能となる。
上述の通り、陸部にサイプを設けると陸部が細分化されるため、サイプを設けない場合に比べて、陸部剛性は低下する。従って、このように陸部2の幅方向両端に深さの浅いサイプを設けることによれば、陸部剛性を確保して、陸部の倒れ込みを抑制し、通常路面走行時におけるドライ性能及びウェット性能をより向上させることが可能となる。しかも、陸部の幅方向両端には陸部表面側部分5a1が設けられているため、雪路面走行時におけるスノー性能も、同時に確保することができる。
かかる範囲に陸部表面側部分5a1を配置することで、この陸部部分が雪路面走行時に雪に貫入し易くなるため、陸部表面近傍域におけるサイプの機能を十分に発揮することができ、スノー性能を向上させることができるからである。一方、図1(b)に示したように、サイプにより細分化された小陸部同士は、通常路面走行時に陸部の深さ方向中央域にて接触し合う。従って、陸部表面Sからサイプの最大深さHの20~40%よりも深い領域に陸部底側部分5a2を配置することにより、陸部の倒れ込みを十分に抑制し、ドライ性能及びウェット性能の向上を図ることができるからである。このように、陸部表面側部分5a1を上記範囲に配置することで、陸部表面側部分5a1でのサイプによるスノー性能の向上と、陸部底側部分5a2での倒れ込み抑制によるドライ性能及びウェット性能の向上とを最も効率的に発揮させることが可能となる。
なお、サイプの最大深さHは、周方向溝深さの60~90%とすることができる。
このように、陸部表面近傍域において、サイプ5aをタイヤ周方向に一回のみ大きく屈曲させた場合、雪へ貫入する陸部表面側部分5a1の、路面に対する抵抗力が大きくなる。その結果、陸部の雪への貫入量及び掘り起こし量が増加し、エッジ効果によるスノー性能のさらなる向上を図ることが可能となる。
陸部表面側部分5a1の屈曲の程度を上記の範囲とすることで、小陸部2aの雪への貫入量及び掘り起こし量が増加する。その結果、スノー性能を一層向上することができるからである。
具体的には、図3に断面斜視図を示すサイプの一変形例を図9に示し、図5に断面斜視図を示すサイプの一変形例を図10に示すように、本発明のタイヤでは、サイプの幅方向両端に、垂直部分10を形成し、垂直部分10を周方向溝またはトレッド端に開口させてもよい。垂直部分10を形成すれば、加硫金型の内周面(トレッド成形面)に設けたサイプ形成用のブレードを用いてサイプを形成する際に、加硫金型内周面へのサイプ形成用のブレードの配設(植え込み)を容易に行うことができるからである。その結果、タイヤの製造を容易にすることができる。
また、この空気入りタイヤは、タイヤの正回転時に図11に示す矢印方向を回転方向とするタイヤである。更に、各陸部に設けられるサイプは、タイヤ周方向に屈曲する陸部表面側部分及びタイヤ幅方向に屈曲する陸部底側部分からなる、図3及び図4に示した、第一実施形態のサイプである。
ここで、以下では、トレッド部1に配置される複数の陸部2のうち、トレッド端TE側に位置する陸部をショルダー側陸部RSとし、該ショルダー側陸部RSよりもタイヤ赤道線CL側に位置する陸部をセンター側陸部RCとする。ショルダー側陸部RSとは、少なくともトレッド端側に在る陸部であり、図11に示す例では、陸部2Aと同一のタイヤ周方向線上に位置して陸部列を構成する陸部の全てと、陸部2Dと同一のタイヤ周方向線上に位置して陸部列を構成する陸部の全てのことである。一方、センター側陸部RCとは、ショルダー側陸部RSよりもタイヤ赤道寄りに在る陸部であり、図11に示す例では、陸部2Bと同一のタイヤ周方向線上に位置して陸部列を構成する陸部の全てと、陸部2Cと同一のタイヤ周方向線上に位置して陸部列を構成する陸部の全てのことである。
第一配設パターンでは、複数本のサイプの各陸部表面側部分のタイヤ周方向に向かう屈曲方向がタイヤ周方向に列設された陸部の同一陸部列内で全て同方向となるように、サイプ5を陸部2に対して配設することが肝要である。すなわち、図11の陸部2をタイヤ周方向に切断した際の矢視断面図(図12(a)、(b))において、サイプ中心面8が、陸部表面近傍域にて、紙面左側又は右側のどちらか一方向のみに屈曲することが肝要である。
この配置によれば、スノー性能に効くセンター領域では、タイヤの正回転時の踏込み時に、陸部表面側部分のサイプが開いてエッジが路面の雪を掘り起こすとともに、陸部の雪への貫入量が増加する。一方、ドライ性能及びウェット性能に効くショルダー領域では、陸部表面側部分の屈曲凸部が踏込み側となるため、制動入力時の浮き上がり変形が抑制され、接地面積を確保することが可能となる。
第二配設パターンでは、第一配設パターンと同様に、複数本のサイプの各陸部表面側部分のタイヤ周方向に向かう屈曲方向がタイヤ周方向に列設された陸部の同一陸部列内で全て同方向となるように、サイプ5を陸部2に対して配設することが肝要である。
すなわち、第二配設パターンでは、トレッド部1におけるサイプ5の各陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向が、全て、同一方向となっている。
なぜなら、トレッド部の全領域に亘って、陸部表面側部分の屈曲凸部の制動入力時の浮き上がり変形が抑制され、接地面積を十分に確保することが可能となるからである。
陸部が路面に接地する際に、トレッド部の全領域に亘って、陸部表面側部分のサイプが開いてエッジが路面の雪を掘り起こすとともに、陸部の雪への貫入量が増加することになるからである。
次に示す第三配設パターンでは、まず、複数本のサイプの各陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向が一つのブロック状の陸部内のタイヤ周方向一方側の領域とタイヤ周方向他方側の領域とで相互に反対方向となるように、サイプ5を陸部2に対して配設することが肝要である。
図15及び図16は、陸部2Aをタイヤ周方向に切断した際の矢視断面図C-C、又は陸部2Bをタイヤ周方向に切断した際の矢視断面図B-Bを示したものである。なお、本発明の空気入りタイヤの一例では、矢視断面図B-Bと矢視断面図C-Cとは同一形状となる。
図15を用いて具体的に説明すれば、陸部2をタイヤ周方向に切断した際に、タイヤ周方向一方側の陸部表面近傍域のサイプ中心面8は紙面右側(タイヤ周方向他方側)に屈曲し、タイヤ周方向他方側のサイプ中心面8は紙面左側(タイヤ周方向一方側)に屈曲する。すなわち、陸部表面側部分の屈曲凸部が陸部2のタイヤ周方向中央に向かう構成となっている。或いは、図16に示すように、陸部表面側部分の屈曲凸部が陸部2のタイヤ周方向両端側に向かう構成となっている。
そして、特に、図16のように、陸部表面側部分の屈曲凸部が陸部のタイヤ周方向両端側に向かう構成とすることによって、入力入側の小ブロック群より入力出側の小ブロック群が各性能に及ぼす寄与が大きくなり、この場合、スノー路面では入力出側のエッヂが雪に貫入しやすくなり、ドライ・ウェット路面では、入力出側の浮き上がり変形が抑制されることになるため、スノー性能、ウェット性能、ドライ性能を均等に、より一層向上させることができる。
かかる構成によれば、トレッド部1の全領域で、スノー性能、ドライ性能、ウェット性能の全てを均等に、確保することが可能となるからである。
発明例タイヤ2は、図2に示したトレッドパターン、図5に示したサイプ断面及び図6に示したサイプ中心面8を有する陸部を備えた、第二実施形態に従う乗用車用ラジアルタイヤであり、各諸元が下記表1に示す通りである以外は、発明例タイヤ1と同様である。
発明例タイヤ3は、サイプ5a及び5bの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向と、サイプ5c及び5dの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向とが反対となるようにサイプを配置した陸部を備えた乗用車用ラジアルタイヤであり、各諸元が下記表1に示す通りである以外は、発明例タイヤ1と同様である。
発明例タイヤ4は、サイプ幅方向両端におけるサイプ深さが、サイプ幅方向中央におけるサイプ深さと同じ深さであるサイプを陸部に備える乗用車用ラジアルタイヤであり、各諸元が下記表1に示す通りである以外は、発明例タイヤ1と同様である。
発明例タイヤ5は、陸部表面側部分5a1の深さH1がサイプの最大深さHの20%未満であるサイプを陸部に備える乗用車用ラジアルタイヤであり、発明例タイヤ6は、陸部表面側部分5a1の深さH1がサイプの最大深さHの40%超であるサイプを陸部に備える乗用車用ラジアルタイヤであって、各諸元が下記表1に示す通りである以外は、発明例タイヤ1と同様である。
さらに比較例タイヤ1は、図17(b)に示すように、発明例タイヤ1において、陸部表面から深さH1の領域に位置するサイプを、タイヤ周方向の振幅を伴ってタイヤ幅方向に延びるジグザグ形状を有し、且つタイヤ径方向に直線状に延びる二次元サイプとした乗用車用ラジアルタイヤである。
結果を表2に示す。いずれも、従来例タイヤでの計測値を100(基準)として指数で表した値であり、数値が大きくなるほど、各性能が向上していることを示す。
また、比較例タイヤ1と比較して発明例タイヤ1は、ウェット性能及びドライ性能を向上させることができるだけでなく、同時に、スノー性能も向上できることが分かった。
なお、陸部表面側部分5a1の深さH1=2.0mm、サイプ最大深さH=7.0mmであり、陸部表面側部分5a1のサイプ中心面の変位m=0.5mm、陸部底側部分5a2のサイプ中心面の変位n=0mmである。
中でも、発明例タイヤ7は、スノー性能、ウェット性能、ドライ性能の全てが格段に向上することが分かった。
また、発明例タイヤ8は、特に、ドライ性能及びウェット性能を顕著に向上できることが分かった。発明例タイヤ9は、特に、スノー性能を顕著に向上できることが分かった。
さらに、発明例タイヤ10及び11は、スノー性能、ウェット性能、ドライ性能の全てを、均等に向上できることが分かった。
2 陸部
2a 小陸部
3 周方向溝
4 横溝
5 サイプ
5a1 陸部表面側部分
5a2 陸部底側部分
6 小陸部2aの角部
7 陸部2の深さ方向中央領域
8 サイプ中心面
9 サイプの最大振幅位置
10 垂直部分
P 陸部表面S上の中心線Lとサイプ5との交点
S 陸部表面
L サイプの振幅の中心線
f 最大振幅
m 陸部表面側部分5a1のタイヤ周方向変位
n 陸部底側部分5a2のタイヤ周方向変位
Claims (11)
- トレッド部に陸部を有し、該陸部に、タイヤ周方向の振幅を伴ってタイヤ幅方向に延びるサイプを設けた空気入りタイヤであって、
前記サイプは、陸部表面からタイヤ径方向内側に向かう深さ方向において、
該陸部表面からタイヤ周方向に向かって屈曲する陸部表面側部分と、
該陸部表面側部分と異なる方向に屈曲するか、又は該陸部表面側部分の変位とは異なる変位を伴ってタイヤ周方向に屈曲する陸部底側部分とを有する
ことを特徴とする空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記サイプのうち、サイプ幅方向両端におけるサイプ深さは、サイプ幅方向中央におけるサイプ深さよりも浅い
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記陸部表面側部分の深さは、サイプの最大深さの20~40%である
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記陸部表面側部分は、1つの屈曲点を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記サイプは、サイプ幅方向の少なくとも一方の端部に、前記陸部表面からタイヤ径方向内方に向かって延びる垂直部分を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記垂直部分のサイプ深さは、サイプ幅方向中央におけるサイプ深さよりも浅い
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記陸部は、周方向溝によって区画される複数のリブ状の陸部、及び/又は、周方向溝及び該周方向溝と交差する横溝によって区画される複数のブロック状の陸部であり、
前記サイプは、前記陸部に複数本設けられ、
前記サイプの各陸部表面側部分のタイヤ周方向に向かう屈曲方向は、周方向に連続する同一の前記陸部内及び周方向に列設された同一の前記陸部の列内にて全て同方向である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - トレッド端側に位置するショルダー側陸部のサイプの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向と、該ショルダー側陸部よりもタイヤ赤道側に位置するセンター側陸部のサイプの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向とは、異なる方向である
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - トレッド端側に位置するショルダー側陸部のサイプの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向と、該ショルダー側陸部よりもタイヤ赤道側に位置するセンター側陸部のサイプの陸部表面側部分の屈曲方向とは、同方向である
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記陸部は、周方向溝及び該周方向溝と交差する横溝によって区画される複数のブロック状の陸部であり、
前記サイプは、前記陸部に複数本設けられ、
前記サイプの各陸部表面側部分のタイヤ周方向に向かう屈曲方向が、同一の前記陸部内のタイヤ周方向一方側の領域とタイヤ周方向他方側の領域とで、相互に反対方向である
ことを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記トレッド部の全体に、前記サイプを設けた陸部が配置される
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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2012
- 2012-10-31 US US14/355,068 patent/US10179482B2/en active Active
- 2012-10-31 EP EP12846769.3A patent/EP2774782B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-10-31 WO PCT/JP2012/006999 patent/WO2013065304A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2012-10-31 CN CN201280065990.6A patent/CN104024002B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-31 RU RU2014122530/11A patent/RU2577422C2/ru active
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JP2006096324A (ja) * | 2004-09-06 | 2006-04-13 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2006298055A (ja) * | 2005-04-18 | 2006-11-02 | Bridgestone Corp | 空気入りタイヤ |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11584165B2 (en) | 2018-01-11 | 2023-02-21 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2774782B1 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
CN104024002B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
US10179482B2 (en) | 2019-01-15 |
RU2577422C2 (ru) | 2016-03-20 |
EP2774782A1 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
CN104024002A (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
EP2774782A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
RU2014122530A (ru) | 2015-12-10 |
US20140299245A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
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