WO2013044710A1 - 铁路货车转向架和铁路货车 - Google Patents

铁路货车转向架和铁路货车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013044710A1
WO2013044710A1 PCT/CN2012/080676 CN2012080676W WO2013044710A1 WO 2013044710 A1 WO2013044710 A1 WO 2013044710A1 CN 2012080676 W CN2012080676 W CN 2012080676W WO 2013044710 A1 WO2013044710 A1 WO 2013044710A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
bogie
connecting seat
side frame
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/080676
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘振明
段仕会
Original Assignee
齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 filed Critical 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司
Priority to AU2012268863A priority Critical patent/AU2012268863C1/en
Priority to EA201390041A priority patent/EA201390041A1/ru
Priority to MX2013000652A priority patent/MX2013000652A/es
Priority to BR112013002437-2A priority patent/BR112013002437B1/pt
Priority to NZ605971A priority patent/NZ605971B2/en
Priority to CA2804799A priority patent/CA2804799C/en
Priority to US13/813,631 priority patent/US20130255532A1/en
Publication of WO2013044710A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013044710A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/06—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating metal springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the structure technology of railway freight cars, in particular to a railway freight car bogie and an iron railway freight car. Background technique
  • Railway wagons as wheeled vehicles generally include a body, a bogie and a brake.
  • the bogie serves to support the vehicle body, guide the truck to travel along the track, and bear various loads from the vehicle body and the track.
  • the most common bogies for railway wagons include a bolster, two side frames, two wheel sets, a spring damper and a brake.
  • the axle weight In order to improve the load capacity of the truck, it is generally started from two aspects, one is to increase the axle weight, and the other is to reduce the weight.
  • the axle load Due to the limitation of rails and bridges, the axle load has basically increased to the limit and it is difficult to increase it again; therefore, it is usually adopted to reduce the self-weight to increase the effective load, thereby increasing the load.
  • the bogie has a low rigidity and a low critical speed.
  • An improved bogie is provided with elastic cross support bars between the two side frames, thereby increasing the anti-dislocation capability between the two side frames and increasing the anti-diamond rigidity of the bogie.
  • the cross support bars may be arranged below the bolster to form a lower cross support bogie or may be arranged to pass through the bolster to form a middle cross support bogie. Because of the good safety of the cross-support bogie and the small impact on the brake device, it has been widely used.
  • the bogie is a middle cross-support bogie, including a wheel set 1, a side frame 2, a bolster 3, and a cross support device, among which two cross support bars 4
  • the "X" shape crosses through the preset hole of the bolster 3, and the two ends of the cross support rod 4 are elastically connected with the two side frames 2 to form a four-bar linkage mechanism, and both ends of the side frame 2 are made of the axle box rubber
  • the pad and the carrying saddle are supported on the wheel set 1.
  • the two cross support bars 4 of the middle cross support bogie pass through the preset holes of the bolster 3, and the two ends of the cross support bar 4 are elastically coupled to the support seats 5 on the side frames 2, respectively.
  • a support base 5 is welded outside the side frame 2 and below the triangular hole 6, the support base 5 including a tapered column 51, a seat
  • the plate 52 and the ribs 53 and the cross support rods 4 pass through the triangular holes 6, are sleeved on the cones 51, and are fixed by the compression nuts, thereby being elastically connected with the support base 5, in the support base, the cones 51 and
  • the connection between the seat plate 52 and the ribs 53 and between the support base 5 and the side frames 2 is achieved by welding.
  • the side frame strength is low. Since the support base 5 is disposed on the outer side of the side frame 2, the cross support rod 4 must pass through the triangular hole 6 on the side frame 2, so that the radius of the lower arc of the triangular hole 6 cannot be designed too small to avoid the cross support rod 4 Interference, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the side frame 2; (5) The bogie has low rigidity. Since the support base 5 is disposed on the outer side of the side frame 2, the cross support rod 4 is long, and the pressure-stabilizing critical force of the cross support rod 4 is lowered, and the inter-grounding reduces the anti-diamond rigidity of the bogie;
  • the present invention provides a railway freight car bogie and a railway wagon that can increase the structural strength of the bogie.
  • a railway freight car bogie which comprises a wheel set, a side frame with a triangular hole, a bolster with a predetermined hole in the abdomen, and a cross support bar, wherein: the side frame Forming a cavity symmetrical with the center of the side frame, and the cavity is located below the triangular hole; a connecting seat is disposed in the cavity, and a vertical mounting hole is formed in a middle portion of the connecting seat The cross support rod is elastically connected to the connecting seat through the mounting hole.
  • a railway wagon having a frame and a bogie coupled to the frame, wherein the bogie is a railway wagon bogie provided by the present invention.
  • a railway vehicle bogie comprising a wheel set, a side frame having a through hole, a bolster having a predetermined hole, and a cross support bar, wherein:
  • the railway freight car bogie and the railway freight car provided by the invention improve the strength of the bogie and the rigidity of the anti-diamond, and are convenient for assembly and maintenance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a railway freight car bogie in the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view showing the structure of a railway freight car bogie in the prior art.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the railway freight car bogie of Figure 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view showing the structure of a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of the railway freight car bogie of Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional enlarged view of a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cavity in a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a view of a railway freight car steering according to an embodiment of the present invention. Partial cross-sectional exploded view of the frame:
  • Example. 4 is a front view of a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the railway freight car bogie of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 7 is a schematic view of a cavity in a railway freight car bogie provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a railway freight car bogie, comprising a wheel pair 1, a side frame 2 with a triangular hole 6, a bolster 3 with a preset hole in the abdomen, and a cross support rod 4, wherein: the side frame 2 Formed with a cavity 7 symmetrical with the center of the side frame 2, as shown in Fig. 4-7, the cavity 7 is located below the triangular hole 6; a cavity 8 is provided with a connecting seat 8, and the middle portion of the connecting seat 8 is opened A vertical mounting hole 81 through which the cross support rod 4 is elastically coupled to the connecting base 8 is provided.
  • the prior art Compared with the prior art, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the prior art has limited space for the mounting seat 5, and the length of the seat plate 52 and the height of the rib 53 in the prior art cannot be too large.
  • the structural strength between the support base 5 and the side frame 2 is low.
  • the railway freight car bogie provided by the embodiment of the invention eliminates the welded structure, and the force-receiving components can be selected without considering the influence of the welding material, so that the material with higher strength can be selected. Increases the strength of the bogie.
  • the railway freight car bogie provided by the embodiment of the present invention only drills or reams the connecting seat 8 provided in the cavity 7 on the side frame 2, so that the installation size and position are relatively easy to ensure, thereby making the position of the cross support device Accurately, the side frames 2 can be ideally rectangular, that is, the bogies are held in a positive position to avoid uneven wear of the same bogie wheels; and the present invention will be compared with the prior art in which the support bases 5 are disposed outside the side frames 2
  • the connecting seat 8 is disposed in the cavity 7 formed on the side frame 2, shortening the length of the cross-supporting rod 4, and improving the pressure-stabilizing critical force of the cross-supporting rod 4, thereby improving the anti-diamond rigidity of the bogie.
  • a connecting seat 8 is provided in the cavity 7 at the lower portion of the triangular hole 6 of the side frame 2.
  • the connecting seat 8 can be integrally molded with the side frame 2 by casting, thereby being able to solve the prior art. Due to the strength defects caused by the welded joints of the various components.
  • the specific shape of the connecting seat 8 is not limited herein.
  • it may be provided in a hollow cylindrical shape, and the circular hole in the middle portion is the mounting hole 81.
  • the connecting seat 8 is disposed inside the cavity 7, and the top and the side frame 2 are integrally connected by casting, and the bottom portion may be a suspended cylindrical structure and exposed from the bottom of the cavity 7 for wearing the setting member. .
  • you can pre-cast one Holes having a diameter smaller than the mounting hole 81 are drilled or reamed to achieve the required dimensional accuracy and surface finish.
  • FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway exploded view of a railway freight car bogie according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bogie is provided with a positioning pin 9, one end of which is provided with a step, which is stuck on the bottom surface of the mounting hole 81, and the other end is provided with a thread to cooperate with the tightening nut 10. , to press the cross support bar 4 against the side frame 2.
  • the taper column of the prior art is replaced by the positioning pin 9, and when the positioning pin 9 is worn or its thread is damaged, it is convenient to disassemble and replace.
  • the two ends of the cross support rod 4 are provided with positioning holes, and the positioning hole is provided with an elastic village sleeve 11 with an inner hole, and the inner hole of the elastic village sleeve 11 and the positioning pin 9 cooperate with each other.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting base 8 are all flat, the cross support rod 4 is placed on the upper surface of the connecting base 8, and the elastic village sleeve 11 is disposed in the positioning hole of the end of the cross support rod 4, and the positioning pin 9 is self-aligned. Pulling up and down through the mounting hole 81 and the elastic village hole in the cross support rod 4, and installing the tightening nut 10 at the threaded end of the positioning pin 9, thereby connecting the cross support rod 4 and the elastic village sleeve 11 together, the flexible village
  • the function of the sleeve 11 is to provide a certain elasticity between the cross support rod 4 and the side frame 2, thereby mitigating the impact force.
  • the positioning pin 9 can be passed from the top to the bottom through the mounting hole 81, and the tightening nut 10 is disposed at the lower end of the positioning pin 9.
  • the above structure is lost in the nut. In the case of the positioning pin 9, it is usually not lost, so that the cross-supporting device does not fail.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a railway wagon having a frame and a bogie coupled to the frame, wherein the bogie is a railway freight car bogie provided by any embodiment of the present invention.
  • the railway freight car bogie and the railway freight car provided by the embodiments of the present invention are provided with a connecting seat in a cavity on the side frame, and are elastically connected with the cross support bar, thereby solving various defects caused by welding in the prior art and shortening at the same time
  • the length of the cross support bar improves the structural strength and resistance of the bogie.
  • a railway vehicle bogie which includes a wheel set 1, a side frame 2 having a through hole 6, a bolster 3 having a predetermined hole, and a cross support bar 4.
  • a cavity 7 is formed on the side frame 2, wherein the cavity 7 is formed by the side frame 2 Peripheral limit.
  • a connection seat 8 is provided in the cavity 7.
  • the connector 8 is located below the through hole 6.
  • the connector 8 can be positioned at any suitable location in the cavity 7 as long as the cross bracing rod 4 can be attached to the side frame 2.
  • a mounting hole is formed in the connecting base 8, and the cross support rod is connected to the connecting base 8 through the mounting hole, thereby being connected to the side frame 2.
  • connectors known in the art may be provided on the connector block 8 to connect the cross bar 4 to the side frame 2.
  • the railway vehicle bogie of this aspect of the invention may also incorporate some of the embodiments or features described above for the railway freight car bogie, and no further details are provided herein.

Abstract

本发明提供了一种铁路货车转向架和铁路货车，该转向架包括轮对、开设有三角孔的侧架、腹部开设有预设孔的摇枕、交叉支撑杆，其中：侧架上形成有以侧架中心对称的空腔，该空腔位于三角孔的下方；空腔内设置有连接座，连接座的中间部分开设有竖直的安装孔，交叉支撑杆通过该安装孔与连接座弹性连接。该铁路货车转向架和铁路货车提高了转向架强度。

Description

铁路货车转向架和铁路货车 本申请要求于 2011 年 9 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110296326.X,发明名称为 "交叉支撑的铁路货车转向架和铁路货车" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及铁路货车结构技术， 尤其涉及一种铁路货车转向架和铁 路货车。 背景技术
作为轮轨交通工具的铁路货车一般包括车体、 转向架和制动装置。 其中， 转向架的作用是支承车体， 引导货车沿轨道行驶， 并承受来自车 体及轨道的各种载荷。 最常见的用于铁路货车的转向架包括一个摇枕、 两个侧架、 两个轮对、 弹簧减振装置和制动装置。
为了提高货车的载重量， 一般主要从两方面着手， 一是增加轴重， 二是减轻自重。 目前由于受轨道和桥梁的限制， 轴重基本已经增加到极 限， 难以再行增加； 因此， 通常采用降低自重以增大有效载重， 从而提 高载重量。
然而， 该转向架抗菱刚度小， 临界速度低。 针对这种转向架的不足 之处， 有多种改进方案。 一种改进的转向架是在两侧架间增设弹性交叉 支撑杆， 借此增加两侧架间的抗错位能力， 增大转向架的抗菱刚度。 目 前， 在实际应用中， 交叉支撑杆可以布置在摇枕下方以形成下交叉支撑 转向架， 或者可以布置成穿过摇枕以形成中交叉支撑转向架。 因中交叉 支撑转向架的安全性好、 对制动装置的影响小， 得到了广泛的应用。 中 国专利 ZL 200620112243.5 (公告号： CN2910705Y )公开了一种铁路货 车转向架， 如图 1-3所示， 该转向架是一种中交叉支撑转向架， 包括轮 对 1、侧架 2、摇枕 3和交叉支撑装置等，其中，两根交叉支撑杆 4呈 "X" 形交叉穿过摇枕 3的预设孔， 交叉支撑杆 4的两端与两侧架 2弹性地连 接， 形成一个四连杆机构， 侧架 2的两端借助于轴箱橡胶垫和承载鞍支 承在轮对 1上。 通过在两侧架 2之间设置一对交叉支撑杆 4, 提高了转 向架的抗菱刚度， 从而改善了货车的动力学性能。
上述中交叉支撑转向架的两个交叉支撑杆 4穿过摇枕 3的预设孔， 交叉支撑杆 4两端分别与侧架 2上的支撑座 5弹性地连接在一起。
如图 1和图 3所示， 为了使交叉支撑杆 4能够与侧架 2连接， 在侧 架 2外侧并且在三角孔 6的下方焊接一个支撑座 5 , 该支撑座 5包括锥 柱 51、 座板 52和筋板 53 , 交叉支撑杆 4穿过三角孔 6, 套接在锥柱 51 上，再利用压紧螺母固定，从而与支撑座 5弹性连接， 在上述支撑座中， 锥柱 51与座板 52以及筋板 53之间以及支撑座 5与侧架 2之间的连接均 通过焊接方式实现。 该结构有以下几个方面的缺点：
( 1 )结构强度低。 由于存在焊接， 焊缝本身的疲劳强度较金属本体 低， 同时用于安装支撑座 5的空间有限， 导致座板 52长度、 筋板 53高 度均受到限制， 使支撑座 5与侧架 2之间的结构强度较低；
( 2 )结构预应力大。 各件间均通过焊接方式实现， 焊缝较多且密集 交叉， 焊接所造成的结构预应力大， 使用时外力与预应力叠加， 使局部 应力较大；
( 3 )转向架性能不稳定。 由于焊接操作， 焊缝质量不易保证， 且锥 柱 51不能准确定位， 因此， 在安装交叉支撑杆 4后， 两侧架 2不能呈理 想的矩形， 即转向架未正确定位， 易导致同一转向架的各车轮磨耗不均；
( 4 )侧架强度低。 由于支撑座 5设置在侧架 2的外侧， 因此交叉支 撑杆 4必须穿过侧架 2上的三角孔 6, 导致三角孔 6的下圓弧半径不能 设计得太小， 以免与交叉支撑杆 4干涉， 导致降低了侧架 2的强度； ( 5 )转向架抗菱刚度低。 由于支撑座 5设置在侧架 2的外侧， 交叉 支撑杆 4较长， 交叉支撑杆 4的抗压失稳临界力降低， 间接地降低了转 向架的抗菱刚度；
( 6 )占用空间大。 由于该支撑座 5的存在使转向架总宽度加大， 对 于某些限界较窄的货车， 转向架设计难度大；
( 7 )组装难度大。 在组装交叉支撑杆 4时， 既要保证交叉支撑杆 4 与锥柱 51底面的间隙，又要保证交叉支撑杆 4上方的压紧螺母产生一定 的力矩， 这两者有时难以同时保证， 导致组装难度较大；
( 8 )检修不便。 由于锥柱 51是焊接在座板 52上， 座板 52焊接在 侧架 2上， 当锥柱 51发生磨耗或其螺紋损坏时， 更换不便。 发明内容
鉴于现有技术中的缺陷， 本发明提供了一种铁路货车转向架和铁路 货车， 其可以提高转向架的结构强度。
在本发明的一个方面中，提供了一种铁路货车转向架，其包括轮对、 开设有三角孔的侧架、 腹部开设有预设孔的摇枕、 交叉支撑杆， 其中： 所述侧架上形成有以侧架中心对称的空腔， 且该空腔位于所述三角 孔的下方； 所述空腔内设置有连接座， 所述连接座的中间部分开设有竖 直的安装孔， 所述交叉支撑杆通过所述安装孔与所述连接座弹性连接。
在本发明的另一个方面中， 还提供了一种铁路货车， 其具有车架及 与所述车架连接的转向架， 其中， 所述转向架为本发明提供的铁路货车 转向架。
在本发明的又一个方面中， 还提供一种铁路车辆转向架， 其包括轮 对、 开设有通孔的侧架、 开设有预设孔的摇枕、 交叉支撑杆， 其特征在 于：
所述侧架上形成有空腔， 所述空腔内设置有连接座， 所述连接座开 设有安装孔， 所述交叉支撑杆通过所述安装孔与所述连接座弹性连接。 本发明提供的铁路货车转向架和铁路货车提高了转向架强度、 抗菱 刚度， 同时方便组装、 维修。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中铁路货车转向架的结构示意图。
图 2为现有技术中铁路货车转向架的结构俯视图。
图 3为图 2的铁路货车转向架的侧视图。
图 4为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架的结构主视图。
图 5为图 4的铁路货车转向架的俯视图。
图 6为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架的局部剖视放大图 图 7为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架中的空腔的示意图 图 8为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架的局部剖视分解图 附图标记：
1-轮对； 2—侧 I木'; 3-摇枕:
4-交叉支撑杆; 5-支撑座; 5 锥柱;
52-座板； 5 3-筋板； 6-三角孔;
7-空腔； 8-连接座; 81-安装孔
9-定位销； 1 0-拧紧螺母; 1 1-弹性村套。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合附图， 对本发明的实施例进行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本 发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 图 4为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架的结构主视图， 图 5为 图 4的铁路货车转向架的俯视图， 图 6为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车 转向架的局部放大图， 图 7为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架中的 空腔的示意图。 本发明实施例提供了一种铁路货车转向架， 包括轮对 1、 开设有三角孔 6的侧架 2、 腹部开设有预设孔的摇枕 3、 交叉支撑杆 4, 其中： 侧架 2上形成有以侧架 2中心对称的空腔 7 , 如图 4-7所示， 该 空腔 7位于三角孔 6的下方； 空腔 7内设置有连接座 8, 连接座 8的中 间部分开设有竖直的安装孔 81 , 交叉支撑杆 4通过该安装孔 81与连接 座 8弹性连接。
与现有技术相比， 如图 1和图 3所示， 现有技术由于支撑座 5安装 处空间有限， 导致现有技术中的座板 52长度、 筋板 53高度尺寸均不能 太大， 使支撑座 5与侧架 2间的结构强度较低， 本发明实施例提供的铁 路货车转向架取消了焊接结构，受力部件均可不必考虑焊接材料的影响， 从而可以选择强度较高的材料制成， 提高了转向架的强度。 同时本发明 实施例提供的铁路货车转向架仅在侧架 2上的空腔 7内设置的连接座 8 上钻孔或铰孔， 因此其安装尺寸和位置较容易保证， 从而使交叉支撑装 置位置准确， 两侧架 2能够呈理想的矩形， 即转向架保持正位， 避免产 生同一转向架车轮磨耗不均； 同时与现有技术中将支撑座 5设置在侧架 2外相比， 本发明将连接座 8设置在侧架 2上形成的空腔 7内， 缩短了 交叉支撑杆 4的长度， 提高了交叉支撑杆 4的抗压失稳临界力， 从而提 高了转向架的抗菱刚度。
如图 6和图 7所示， 在侧架 2三角孔 6下部的空腔 7内设置连接座 8, 优选地， 连接座 8可以与侧架 2通过铸造一体成型，从而能够解决现 有技术中由于各个部件为焊接连接而成带来的强度缺陷。
连接座 8的具体形状在此不作限定， 例如可以设置成中空的圓柱筒 形，其中部的圓孔即为安装孔 81。具体地，连接座 8设置在空腔 7内部， 顶部与侧架 2通过铸造连成一体， 底部可以为悬设的筒状结构， 并从空 腔 7的底部露出， 用于穿设定位件。 在实际加工过程中， 可先预铸出一 个直径小于该安装孔 81的孔，再进行钻孔或铰孔精加工， 以使达到所需 要的尺寸精度和表面光洁度。
图 8为本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架局部剖开分解图。 在上 述实施例的基础上， 优选的是， 转向架设置有定位销 9, 该定位销 9的 一端设置有台阶， 卡在安装孔 81的底面， 另一端设置有螺纹， 与拧紧螺 母 10相配合， 以将交叉支撑杆 4压紧在侧架 2上。 由定位销 9取代现有 技术中的锥柱， 当定位销 9发生磨耗或其螺紋损坏时，拆卸更换较方便。
进一步地， 交叉支撑杆 4的两端均设置有定位孔， 定位孔内设置有 带有内孔的弹性村套 11 , 弹性村套 11的内孔与定位销 9相互配合。
在实际应用中， 连接座 8的上、 下表面均为平面， 交叉支撑杆 4放 置于连接座 8上表面， 交叉支撑杆 4端部的定位孔内设置弹性村套 11 , 将定位销 9自下向上穿过安装孔 81和交叉支撑杆 4中的弹性村套孔，在 定位销 9带有螺纹的一端安装拧紧螺母 10,从而将交叉支撑杆 4与弹性 村套 11连接在一起， 弹性村套 11的作用是使交叉支撑杆 4与侧架 2间 有一定的弹性， 从而緩和沖击力。
需要说明的是， 如果开设三角孔 6较大， 在具体装配时， 可以将定 位销 9由上向下穿过安装孔 81 ,将拧紧螺母 10设置在定位销 9的下端， 上述结构在螺母丟失的情况下定位销 9通常也不会丟失， 从而保证交叉 支撑装置不失效。
本发明实施例还提供了一种铁路货车， 具有车架及与该车架连接的 转向架， 其中上述转向架为本发明任意实施例提供的铁路货车转向架。
本发明实施例提供的铁路货车转向架和铁路货车通过在侧架上的空 腔内设置连接座， 与交叉支撑杆弹性连接， 解决了现有技术中由于焊接 带来的各种缺陷， 同时缩短了交叉支撑杆的长度， 提高了转向架的结构 强度和抗菱刚度。
在本发明的另一个方面中， 提供了一种铁路车辆转向架， 其包括轮 对 1、 开设有通孔 6的侧架 2、 开设有预设孔的摇枕 3、 交叉支撑杆 4。 如图 6和图 7所示， 在侧架 2上形成有空腔 7, 其中空腔 7由侧架 2的 外周限定。在空腔 7内设置有连接座 8。 在图 6所示的示例中， 连接座 8 位于通孔 6的下方。 然而， 可以理解的是， 连接座 8可以定位在空腔 7 中的任何合适的位置处， 只要能够将交叉支撑杆 4连接至侧架 2。 在连 接座 8上开设有安装孔， 交叉支撑杆通过该安装孔与连接座 8连接， 由 此与侧架 2连接。 可选择地， 在连接座 8上也可以设有本领域中已知的 那些连接件， 以将交叉支撑杆 4连接至侧架 2。 当然， 本发明的该方面 的铁路车辆转向架还可以结合上述针对铁路货车转向架所描述的某些实 施例或者特征， 在此不再赘述。
应说明的是： 以上实施例仅以例示的方式说明本发明的技术方案， 而非对本发明的限制。 因此， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解： 在不脱 离本发明范围的前提下， 可以对本发明做出若干改进和润饰， 并且本发 明的保护范围以后附的权利要求为准。

Claims

1、 一种铁路货车转向架， 包括轮对、 开设有三角孔的侧架、 腹部开 设有预设孔的摇枕、 交叉支撑杆， 其特征在于：
所述侧架上形成有以侧架中心对称的空腔， 且该空腔位于所述三角 孔的下方； 所述空腔内设置有连接座， 所述连接座的中间部分开设有竖 直的安装孔， 所述交叉支撑杆通过所述安装孔与所述连接座弹性连接。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的铁路货车转向架， 其特征在于： 所述连接 座与所述侧架为铸造一体成型。
3、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的铁路货车转向架， 其特征在于： 所述 转向架设置有定位销， 所述定位销的一端设置有台阶， 所述台阶卡在所 述安装孔的底面， 所述定位销的另一端设置有螺纹， 所述螺纹与拧紧螺 母相配合， 以将所述交叉支撑杆压紧在所述侧架上。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的铁路货车转向架， 其特征在于： 所述交叉 支撑杆的两端均设置有定位孔， 所述定位孔内设置有带有内孔的弹性村 套， 所述弹性村套的内孔与所述定位销相互配合。
5、一种铁路货车， 具有车架及与所述车架连接的转向架， 其特征在 于， 所述转向架为权利要求 1-4任一所述的铁路货车转向架。
6、 一种铁路车辆转向架， 包括轮对、 开设有通孔的侧架、 开设有预 设孔的摇枕、 交叉支撑杆， 其特征在于：
所述侧架上形成有空腔， 所述空腔内设置有连接座， 所述连接座开 设有安装孔， 所述交叉支撑杆通过所述安装孔与所述连接座连接。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述连接 座与所述侧架为铸造一体成型。
8、根据权利要求 6或 7所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述 转向架设置有定位销， 所述定位销的一端设置有台阶， 所述台阶卡在所 述安装孔的底面， 所述定位销的另一端设置有螺纹， 所述螺纹与拧紧螺 母相配合， 以将所述交叉支撑杆压紧在所述侧架上。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述交叉 支撑杆的两端均设置有定位孔， 所述定位孔内设置有带有内孔的弹性村 套， 所述弹性村套的内孔与所述定位销相互配合。
10、 根据权利要求 6所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 通孔呈 大致三角形。
11、 根据权利要求 6所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述连 接座设置在所述空腔中且位于所述通孔的下方。
12、 根据权利要求 6所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述连 接座设置成中空的圓柱筒形， 并且所述圓柱筒形的中部圓孔构造成所述 安装孔。
13、 根据权利要求 7所述的铁路车辆转向架， 其特征在于： 所述连 接座铸造成形有预铸孔， 所述预铸孔的直径小于所述安装孔的直径， 使 得对所述预铸孔进一步加工以形成所述安装孔。
PCT/CN2012/080676 2011-09-27 2012-08-29 铁路货车转向架和铁路货车 WO2013044710A1 (zh)

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