WO2013035654A1 - ガスバリアフィルム - Google Patents
ガスバリアフィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013035654A1 WO2013035654A1 PCT/JP2012/072302 JP2012072302W WO2013035654A1 WO 2013035654 A1 WO2013035654 A1 WO 2013035654A1 JP 2012072302 W JP2012072302 W JP 2012072302W WO 2013035654 A1 WO2013035654 A1 WO 2013035654A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas barrier
- layer
- vinyl alcohol
- meth
- polymer
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/04—4 layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7244—Oxygen barrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2553/00—Packaging equipment or accessories not otherwise provided for
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
- Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier film having transparency, excellent gas barrier properties such as oxygen and water vapor, and excellent delamination resistance after hydrothermal treatment.
- inorganic oxides such as silicon oxide and aluminum oxide have been formed on film substrates by vacuum deposition, sputtering, ion plating, chemical vapor deposition, etc.
- a transparent gas barrier film is attracting attention.
- this transparent gas barrier film is a film obtained by depositing an inorganic oxide on a base material surface made of a biaxially stretched polyester film that is generally excellent in transparency and rigidity, the deposited layer can be used for friction during use.
- the inorganic oxide may be cracked due to rubbing or elongation during post-processing printing or laminating or filling the contents, and the gas barrier property may be lowered.
- Patent Document 1 a method of laminating a polyvinyl alcohol having a gas barrier property and an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer on a biaxially stretched film substrate (for example, Patent Document 1), or a composition of polyvinyl alcohol and poly (meth) acrylic acid
- Patent Document 2 a method of coating a biaxially stretched film substrate (for example, Patent Document 2)
- the gas barrier film formed by laminating polyvinyl alcohol has a reduced oxygen barrier property under high humidity, and the composition of polyvinyl alcohol and poly (meth) acrylic acid is sufficiently esterified to form a film.
- the substrate layer (X) has an absorbance A 0 based on ⁇ C ⁇ O of a carboxylic acid group near 1700 cm ⁇ 1 and an absorbance A based on ⁇ C ⁇ O of a carboxylate ion near 1520 cm ⁇ 1 in an infrared absorption spectrum.
- a gas barrier film comprising a layer (Y) containing a polymer (a) of an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt having a ratio (A 0 / A) of less than 0.25 is known. Improvement is required (Patent Document 5).
- the layer (Y) containing the polymer (a) of the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt is laminated on an inorganic compound layer such as silicon oxide, the adhesiveness is reduced when the laminate is retorted. It turns out that there is a case.
- JP-A-60-157830 (Claims) Japanese Patent No. 3203287 (Claim 1) JP 2001-310425 A (Claim 1, Example 1) JP 2003-171419 A (Claim 1, Table 1) WO2005 / 108440 (Claim 1)
- An object of the present invention is to obtain a gas barrier film having transparency, excellent gas barrier properties such as oxygen and water vapor, and excellent delamination resistance after hydrothermal treatment.
- the present invention provides a (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent layer, an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt polymer (a) and vinyl on an inorganic compound layer of a base film having an inorganic compound layer formed on one side.
- the present invention relates to a gas barrier film in which organic barrier layers (Y) containing an alcohol polymer (b) are sequentially laminated.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention has transparency, excellent gas barrier properties such as oxygen and water vapor, and excellent delamination resistance after hydrothermal treatment.
- the base film on which the inorganic compound layer constituting the gas barrier film of the present invention is formed is a film made of a thermoplastic resin.
- thermoplastic resin various known thermoplastic resins such as polyolefin (polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-4-methyl / 1-pentene, polybutene, etc.), polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polyamide (Nylon-6, nylon-66, polymetaxylene adipamide, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, polyimide, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer or saponified product thereof, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polystyrene, ionomer, or these And the like.
- polyolefin polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-4-methyl / 1-pentene, polybutene, etc.
- polyester polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.
- polyamide Nylon-6, nylon-66, polymetaxylene adipamide, etc.
- polypropylene, polyester, polyamide and the like are preferable thermoplastic resins having good stretchability and transparency
- polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate are particularly preferable because they are excellent in gas barrier properties, heat resistance and the like.
- a biaxially stretched film particularly a biaxially stretched film made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate is particularly preferable.
- the thickness of the base film according to the present invention is usually in the range of 1 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 3 to 400 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the inorganic compound layer formed on one side of the base film according to the present invention is a simple substance of inorganic elements such as silicon, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, tin, magnesium, and indium, oxides of inorganic elements, nitrides, and fluorides. Or a layer made of a composite thereof.
- the inorganic compound layer is formed using various known methods, for example, a CVD method (plasma CVD method, CAT-CVD method, etc.), a vapor deposition method such as a PVD method, a film forming method such as a sputtering method, or a dry film forming method. can do.
- the thickness of the inorganic compound layer is usually in the range of 0.1 to 1000 nm, preferably 1 to 500 nm, more preferably 3 to 200 nm.
- aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, inorganic nitride, and the like are excellent in gas barrier properties, and aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, and silicon oxynitride are particularly preferable because of excellent transparency.
- an easy-adhesion layer is formed on the surface of the base film according to the present invention using an adhesive used for the adhesive layer described later. You may keep it.
- the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent that becomes the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent layer is a (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent represented by the following general formula (1).
- the expression “(meth) acryl” means one or both of acrylic and methacrylic.
- R 1 is a methyl group
- R 2 is a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a 2-methoxyethoxy group
- R 3 is a functional group containing an acryl group or a methacryl group
- n is an integer of 1 or more.
- Specific examples of these (meth) acrylic silane coupling agents include 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, 3-methacryloxypropyltri Examples thereof include ethoxysilane and 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
- 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane are particularly preferable.
- the thickness of the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent layer according to the present invention is usually in the range of 3 to 400 nm, preferably 5 to 100 nm.
- the layer (Y) constituting the gas barrier film of the present invention is a layer containing a polymer (a) of an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt and a vinyl alcohol polymer (b) (hereinafter simply referred to as “organic barrier layer”). May be called.).
- the layer (Y) containing the polymer (a) of the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt constituting the gas barrier film of the present invention can be obtained by polymerizing the unsaturated carboxylic acid polyvalent metal salt. It is.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound used to form the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt polymer (a) is an acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid or the like.
- a polymer (polymer compound) having a degree of polymerization exceeding 20 is used, a salt with a polyvalent metal compound described later may not be completely formed. As a result, it is obtained by polymerizing the metal salt.
- the layer may have poor gas barrier properties under high humidity.
- These unsaturated carboxylic acid compounds may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.
- a gas barrier laminate such as a gas barrier film is preferable because it is particularly excellent in gas barrier properties under high humidity.
- the polyvalent metal compound which is a component forming the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt according to the present invention is a metal or metal compound belonging to Groups 2A to 7A, 1B to 3B and 8 of the periodic table. Specifically, magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al) and other bivalent or higher metals, oxides, hydroxides, halides, carbonates, phosphates, phosphites, hypophosphites, sulfates or sulfites of these metals. .
- divalent metal compounds are preferable, and magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, barium oxide, zinc oxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, and the like are particularly preferable.
- the gas barrier property under high humidity of the film obtained by polymerizing the salt with the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound is particularly excellent.
- At least one kind of these polyvalent metal compounds is used, and only one kind may be used or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
- Mg, Ca, Zn, Ba and Al, and particularly Zn are preferable.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt which is a component constituting the polymer (a) of the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt according to the present invention comprises the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound having a polymerization degree of less than 20 and the above It is a salt with a polyvalent metal compound.
- These unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salts may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds.
- the polymer layer from which zinc (meth) acrylate is obtained is particularly excellent in the hot water resistance, which is preferable.
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (b) contained in the layer (Y) is a polymer containing vinyl alcohol as a main component, such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, and modified vinyl alcohol polymer.
- Polyvinyl alcohol has no particular problem as long as it can be mixed, but preferably has a degree of polymerization of 100 to 3000, more preferably 200 to 2500, and most preferably 300 to 2000. Within this range, the base layer is easily coated with an aqueous solution and has good stretchability and gas barrier properties. The degree of saponification is 90% or more, preferably 95% or more. Within this range, the gas barrier property is good. Moreover, you may use olefin containing polyvinyl alcohol from water resistance or extending
- the olefin content is 0 to 25 mol%, preferably 1 to 20 mol%, more preferably 2 to 16 mol%, and the olefin preferably has 4 or less carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, n-butene, and isobutene. Among them, ethylene is most preferable from the viewpoint of water resistance.
- the content of the vinyl alcohol polymer (b) contained in the layer (Y) is usually the total amount of the polymer (a) of the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt and the vinyl alcohol polymer (b).
- the vinyl alcohol polymer (b) is 2 to 40% by weight, preferably 5 to 30% by weight, based on (100% by mass).
- vinyl alcohol polymers (b) are preferably modified vinyl alcohol polymers having reactive functional groups, and modified vinyl alcohol polymers having reactive functional groups with unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salts.
- the polymer (b1) is particularly preferable because of excellent water resistance.
- Modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) As the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) according to the present invention, various known reactive groups (reactive groups) are added, substituted, or esterified to the vinyl alcohol polymer (b). Examples thereof include those modified by bonding a reactive group, and those obtained by copolymerization of a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate and an unsaturated compound having a reactive group. Examples of these reactive polymerizable groups include (meth) acrylate groups, (meth) acryloyl groups, (meth) acrylamide groups, vinyl groups, allyl groups, styryl groups, thiol groups, silyl groups, acetoacetyl groups, and epoxy groups. It is done.
- the notation of “(meth) acrylate”, “(meth) acryloyl”, and “(meth) acrylamide” means one or both of acrylate and methacrylate, acryloyl and methacryloyl, and acrylamide and methacrylamide, The notation is the same.
- the amount of the reactive group can be appropriately determined, but since the gas barrier property inherent to the vinyl alcohol polymer may be impaired when the amount of the OH group of the vinyl alcohol polymer serving as the substrate is decreased, usually, The amount of reactive groups is in the range of 0.001 to 50 mol% (the total of reactive groups and OH groups is 100 mol%).
- the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) As a method for producing the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1), various reactive groups (reactive groups) having various known reactivities are added to the vinyl alcohol polymer (b), and reactive groups are bonded by esterification or the like. And a saponified copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate and an unsaturated compound having a reactive group. There is no particular limitation as long as it has a sex group.
- modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) those having a polymerization degree of 100 to 3000, preferably 300 to 2000 can be used. From the viewpoint of gas barrier properties of the polymer obtained in combination with the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt (a), those having a high saponification degree of 70 to 99.9% are preferably used, particularly 85 to 99.99. 9% is preferred.
- reactive groups possessed by these modified vinyl alcohol polymers (b1) include, for example, (meth) acrylate groups, (meth) acryloyl groups, (meth) acrylamide groups, vinyl groups, allyl groups, and styryl. Group, thiol group, silyl group, acetoacetyl group, epoxy group and the like.
- the amount of reactive groups in the modified vinyl alcohol polymer can be determined as appropriate, but if the amount of OH groups in the vinyl alcohol polymer serving as the substrate decreases, the gas barrier properties inherent to the vinyl alcohol polymer are impaired. Since there is a concern, the amount of reactive groups is usually in the range of 0.001 to 50 mol% (the total of reactive groups and OH groups is 100 mol%).
- the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) is preferably soluble in water, lower alcohols, organic solvents and the like, and particularly preferably soluble in water or water-lower alcohol mixed solvents.
- the modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) modified with these reactive groups is mixed with the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt (a) for polymerization.
- a layer (Y) having improved gas barrier properties under low humidity is obtained, which is made of a polymer in which at least a part of the polymer (b1) and the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt (a) has some bonds.
- modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) examples include, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, etc. with a part of the OH group of the vinyl alcohol polymer serving as a substrate.
- a (meth) acrylate group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) obtained by reacting with a carboxylic acid compound having an ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated group or a derivative thereof to introduce a (meth) acrylate group; isothiuronium salt or thiol
- a vinyl monomer having acid ester and vinyl acetate are copolymerized, and the resulting polymer is decomposed with an acid or base to form a thiol group.
- B1 c A method in which a vinyl alcohol polymer is dispersed in an acetic acid solvent and diketene is added thereto, and the vinyl alcohol polymer is previously dissolved in a solvent such as dimethylformamide or dioxane.
- An acetoacetyl group having an acetoacetyl group in a part of the OH group of the vinyl alcohol polymer used as a substrate which is obtained by a method of adding diketene to a vinyl alcohol polymer or a method of directly contacting a diketene gas or liquid diketene with a vinyl alcohol polymer.
- the layer made of the polymer obtained by using the (meth) acrylate group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1 b) is a gas barrier under high humidity and low humidity. Excellent in oxygen properties (oxygen barrier properties), without deterioration in gas barrier properties (hot water resistance) after hydrothermal treatment, and flexible, and in such a laminate in which such a layer is formed, especially films as packaging materials When used in the above, the heat seal strength is improved.
- the (meth) acrylate group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1 b) preferably has an amount of (meth) acryloyl groups (compared to —OH groups; esterification rate) of 0.001 to 50%. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.1 to 40%.
- esterification rate is less than 0.001%, the hot water resistance and flexibility of the resulting layer (Y) may not be improved, while when the esterification rate exceeds 50%, the hot water resistance of the obtained layer (Y) may be improved. There is a possibility that the oxygen barrier property and the like are not improved.
- the (meth) acrylate group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1a) includes, for example, a vinyl alcohol copolymer and (meth) acrylic acid or (meth) acrylic acid halide, (meth) acrylic anhydride. And (meth) acrylic acid derivatives such as (meth) acrylic acid esters in the presence or absence of a catalyst such as Bronsted acid, Bronsted base, Lewis acid, Lewis base, metal compound, etc. Is obtained.
- a catalyst such as Bronsted acid, Bronsted base, Lewis acid, Lewis base, metal compound, etc.
- the notation of “(meth) acrylic acid” means one or both of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and the following notation is also the same.
- the (meth) acrylate group can also be indirectly introduced into the vinyl alcohol copolymer by reacting with an acid derivative.
- thiol group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1 b) As the thiol group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1) according to the present invention, a vinyl monomer having an isothiuronium salt or a thiol ester and vinyl acetate are copolymerized, and the resulting polymer is decomposed with an acid or a base.
- vinyl esters such as vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl versatate, vinyl laurate, vinyl stearate in the presence of thiolcarboxylic acid such as saponified, and saponifying the resulting polymer
- the thiol group is introduced into the molecule by a known method such as a method of introducing a thiol group only at the end of the molecule In was granted polymer, typically, a thiol group modification ratio is in the range of 0.1 to 50 mol%.
- thiol group-modified vinyl alcohol polymers (b1b) for example, “M-115” and “M-205” are manufactured and sold by Kuraray Co., Ltd. under the trade name of Kuraray M Polymer.
- silyl group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1 c) examples include a vinyl alcohol polymer or a vinyl acetate polymer containing a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group, trimethylchlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, methyltrichlorosilane.
- an organohalogen silane such as vinyltrichlorosilane and diphenyldichlorosilane
- an organoacetoxysilane such as trimethylacetoxysilane and dimethyldiacetoxysilane
- a silylating agent such as organoalkoxysilane such as trimethoxysilane and dimethyldimethoxysilane
- silyl group-modified vinyl alcohol polymers (b1 c) for example, “R-1130”, “R-2105” and “R-2130” are manufactured and manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. under the trade name of Kuraray R polymer. Sold.
- the acetoacetyl group-modified vinyl alcohol polymer (b1 d) is obtained by adding and reacting a liquid or gaseous diketene to the solution, dispersion or powder of the vinyl alcohol polymer.
- the degree of acetoacetylation is in the range of 1 to 10 mol%, preferably 3 to 5 mol%.
- acetoacetyl group-modified vinyl alcohol polymers (b1 d) for example, trade names of “Gosefimer Z100”, “Z200”, “Z200H” and “Z210” from Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Manufactured and sold in
- modified vinyl alcohol polymers are preferably soluble in water, lower alcohols, and organic solvents, and those that are soluble in water-lower alcohol mixed solvents are particularly preferred.
- solvents other than water for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, or other diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc. Can be added alone or in combination of two or more as required.
- a wettability improver, an antistatic agent, and other various additives can be added to the polyvinyl alcohol polymer as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired.
- the adhesive layer used when laminating the gas barrier film of the present invention with another film is composed of various known adhesives and the like.
- an adhesive for constituting the adhesive layer according to the present invention an organic titanium resin, a polyethyleneimine resin, a urethane resin, an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, an oxazoline group-containing resin, a modified silicon
- laminate adhesives composed of resins and alkyl titanates, polyester-based polybutadienes, etc., or one-component and two-component polyols and polyvalent isocyanates, aqueous urethanes, ionomers, and the like.
- a curing agent and a silane coupling agent may be added to the adhesive.
- water-based adhesives mainly made of acrylic, vinyl acetate, urethane, polyester resin and the like.
- an adhesive for dry lamination represented by polyurethane adhesive is often used, and preferably a solvent-based two-component curing type polyurethane system Adhesive is good.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention comprises a base film having an inorganic compound layer formed on one side, and a layer of the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent layer and the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt. It is a gas barrier film in which an organic barrier layer (Y) containing a coalescence (a) and a vinyl alcohol polymer (b) is sequentially laminated.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention may further have an adhesive layer laminated on the layer (Y).
- the other film may be laminated on the adhesive layer.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention can be heat-sealed by laminating a heat-sealing layer on the other side of the base film on which one side of the inorganic compound layer is formed (the side where the inorganic compound layer is not formed).
- a gas barrier film suitable as a packaging film is obtained.
- heat-sealing layer a homo- or copolymer of ⁇ -olefin such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, hexene-1, 4-methyl pentene-1, octene-1, etc., which are generally known as heat-sealing layers.
- High pressure method low density polyethylene linear low density polyethylene (so-called LLDPE), high density polyethylene, polypropylene, polypropylene random copolymer, polybutene, poly-4-methylpentene-1, low crystalline or amorphous ethylene
- Polypropylene random copolymer ethylene / butene-1 random copolymer, polyolefin such as propylene / butene-1 random copolymer, or a composition of two or more kinds, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene ⁇ (Meth) acrylic acid copolymer or its metal salt, EVA and polyolefin A layer obtained from adult or the like.
- EVA ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer
- EVA ethylene ⁇ (Meth) acrylic acid copolymer or its metal salt
- EVA polyolefin A layer obtained from adult or the like.
- a heat-sealing layer obtained from an ethylene polymer such as a high-pressure method low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene (so-called LLDPE), or high-density polyethylene is preferable because it has excellent low-temperature heat sealability and heat seal strength.
- the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent is applied to the inorganic compound layer of the base film on which the inorganic compound layer is formed on one side, and the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent is applied.
- a solution (s) containing an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt having a polymerization degree of less than 20 and a solution in which the vinyl alcohol polymer (b) is mixed in a desired amount are applied.
- the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent is diluted with a solvent by previously hydrolyzing the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent or the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent, and (meth) acrylic.
- a silane coupling agent solution is used. Hydrolysis may be promoted under acidic conditions during the hydrolysis.
- the solvent include water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and 2-propanol.
- the concentration of the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent solution is 0.01 to 20%, preferably 0.1 to 5%.
- the solution is applied on the inorganic compound layer.
- a method of coating (coating) using a coater, a method of spraying, a method of applying with a brush or the like can be employed.
- the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent solution is applied, it is dried at a temperature of about 40 to 120 ° C. to form a (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent layer.
- Examples of the method for applying a (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent solution include an air knife coater, a direct gravure coater, a gravure offset, an arc gravure coater, a gravure reverse and jet nozzle type gravure coater, and a top feed reverse.
- Various known coating machines such as a reverse roll coater such as a coater, a bottom feed reverse coater and a nozzle feed reverse coater, a 5-roll coater, a lip coater, a bar coater, a bar reverse coater and a die coater can be used.
- the solution may be applied in a range of 0.003 to 0.4 g / m 2 , preferably 0.003 to 0.1 g / m 2. .
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal are used in advance. After reacting with the compound to obtain a polyvalent metal salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound, it may be a solution, or by directly dissolving the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal compound in a solvent, It may be a solution.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal compound are directly dissolved in a solvent, that is, a solution containing the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal compound is used.
- a solution containing the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal compound is used.
- a mixed solution having a polyvalent metal compound addition amount of 0.3 chemical equivalent ratio or less is used, a polymer layer having a large content of free carboxylic acid groups is obtained, and as a result, a stretched film having a low gas barrier property is obtained. There is a fear.
- the upper limit of the amount of polyvalent metal compound added is not particularly limited, but when the amount of polyvalent metal compound added exceeds 1 chemical equivalent ratio, unreacted polyvalent metal compound increases.
- the ratio is preferably less than the ratio, preferably less than the 2 chemical equivalent ratio.
- the chemical equivalent ratio in the present invention indicates the chemical equivalent ratio of the polyvalent metal compound to the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound, and is a value calculated by the following formula.
- Chemical equivalent ratio (number of moles of polyvalent metal compound) ⁇ (valence of polyvalent metal compound) / number of moles of carboxyl group contained in unsaturated carboxylic acid compound
- calcium hydroxide molecular weight 74 g
- the chemical equivalent ratio is 1 when 37 g of acrylic acid monomer (molecular weight 72 g / mol) is mixed as an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound.
- the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound is usually added while the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound and the polyvalent metal compound are dissolved in a solvent.
- a valent metal salt is formed, it is preferable to mix for 1 minute or more in order to ensure the formation of the polyvalent metal salt.
- the solvent used for the solution containing the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt, the vinyl alcohol polymer (b), and the (meth) acrylic silane coupling agent is water, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, or the like.
- organic solvents such as lower alcohol or acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, or those mixed solvents are mentioned, Water is the most preferable.
- a solution (s) containing an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt having a degree of polymerization of less than 20 and the vinyl alcohol polymer (b) are mixed in a desired amount.
- a method of applying the solution various known methods, for example, a method of applying (applying) the solution onto the inorganic compound layer using a coater, a method of spraying, a method of applying by a brush, etc. It can be taken.
- Examples of the method for applying the solution (s) containing a polyvalent metal salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound include, for example, an air knife coater, a direct gravure coater, a gravure offset, an arc gravure coater, a gravure reverse and a jet nozzle method.
- Various known coating machines such as reverse roll coaters such as gravure coaters, top feed reverse coaters, bottom feed reverse coaters and nozzle feed reverse coaters, 5-roll coaters, lip coaters, bar coaters, bar reverse coaters and die coaters are used.
- esters When the unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt and the like are dissolved, other unsaturated carboxylic acids (di (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate), etc. ) Ester compounds, monomers such as vinyl ester compounds such as vinyl acetate, or low molecular weight compounds, lubricants, slip agents, anti-blocking agents, antistatic agents, antifogging agents, pigments, dyes, inorganic or organic fillers In order to improve wettability with the base material layer, various surfactants and the like may be added.
- the wavelength region is an energy ray in the range of 0.0001 to 800 nm.
- energy rays include ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, ⁇ rays, X rays, visible rays, Ultraviolet rays, electron beams, etc. are raised.
- visible light in the wavelength range of 400 to 800 nm, ultraviolet light in the range of 50 to 400 nm, and electron beam in the range of 0.01 to 0.002 nm are easy to handle and devices are widespread. Therefore, it is preferable.
- photopolymerization initiator When using visible light and ultraviolet light as ionizing radiation, it is necessary to add a photopolymerization initiator to a solution containing an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound polyvalent metal salt.
- a photopolymerization initiator known ones can be used.
- 2-hydroxy-2methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one (trade name, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals; Darocur 1173), 1-Hydroxy-cyclohexyl-phenyl ketone (trade name, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals; Irgacure 184), bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide (trade name, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) Irgacure 819), 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one (trade name, manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals); Irgacure 2959 ), ⁇ -hydroxyketone, acylphosphine Mixture of oxide, 4-methylbenzophenone and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone (trade name manufactured by Lamberti Chemical Specialty Co .; Esacure KT046), Esacure KT55 (L
- a polymerization accelerator can be added to improve the polymerization degree or polymerization rate, and examples thereof include N, N-dimethylamino-ethyl- (meth) acrylate and N- (meth) acryloyl-morpholine. .
- the irradiation dose of ionizing radiation is usually 1 to 1000 mJ / cm 2 , preferably 5 to 300 mJ / cm 2 , especially 10 to 200 mJ. / Cm 2 is preferable.
- a gas barrier laminate such as a gas barrier film having a polymerization rate of 80% or more, preferably 90% or more can be stably obtained.
- the multi-layer film was folded so that the unstretched polypropylene film was on the inner surface, heat-sealed on the two sides, made into a bag shape, 40 cc of water was added as the contents, and the other side was heat-sealed to make a bag.
- This was subjected to a retort treatment at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes with a high-temperature and high-pressure retort sterilizer. After the retort treatment, the contents were drained to obtain a multilayer film after retort treatment (sample after retort).
- Example 1 The solution (Z) was applied to the SiOx layer surface of the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1 using a bar coater so that the coating amount after drying was 0.015 g / m 2 , and a hot air dryer was used. And dried at a temperature of 80 ° C. for 30 seconds to obtain a silane coupling layer. On the silane coupling layer, the solution (S) is applied with a Mayer bar so that the coating amount after drying is 1.4 g / m 2 , and the temperature is 40 ° C. for hours using a hot air dryer.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (Z) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1 using a bar coater so that the coating amount after drying was 0.03 g / m 2 . .
- the obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (Y) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1.
- the obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (X) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (W) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 4 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (V) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (U) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (T) was applied to the gas barrier film obtained in Comparative Example 1. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that the solution (Z) was not applied. The obtained gas barrier film was evaluated by the method described above. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the gas barrier film of the present invention is excellent in gas barrier properties under high humidity, and can be used for various applications by taking advantage of such characteristics.
- packaging materials such as dry foods, water, boiled / retort foods, supplement foods, especially food packaging materials that require a particularly high gas barrier property, as well as shampoos, detergents, bath additives, fragrances, etc.
- Electronic component packaging materials liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, inorganic / organic EL display, barrier materials for flat panel displays such as electronic paper, back materials for solar cells, barrier materials for other electronic materials, vacuum Packaging materials for various products such as barrier materials for heat insulating materials, packaging materials for industrial products such as ink cartridges, etc.
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Abstract
Description
本発明のガスバリアフィルムを構成する無機化合物層が形成された基材フィルムは、熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムである。
本発明に係る基材フィルムの片面に形成されてなる無機化合物層は、珪素、アルミニウム、チタン、ジルコニウム、錫、マグネシウム、インジウムなどの無機元素、無機元素の酸化物、窒化物、弗化物の単体、あるいはそれらの複合物からなる層である。無機化合物層は、種々公知の方法、例えば、CVD法(プラズマCVD法、CAT-CVD法など)、PVD法などの蒸着、スパッタリング法などの成膜方法、あるいは、乾式製膜法を用いて形成することができる。無機化合物層の厚さは、通常、0.1~1000nm、好ましくは1~500nm、さらに好ましくは3~200nmの範囲にある。
(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤層となる(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤は、下記一般式(1)で表される(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤である。
なお、「(メタ)アクリル」の表記はアクリルとメタクリルの一方または両方を意味する。
これら(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤の具体例としては、3-メタクリロキシプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルメチルジエトキシシラン、3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、及び、3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランなどがあげられる。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムを構成する層(Y)は、不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)及びビニルアルコール系重合体(b)を含む層(以下、単に「有機バリア層」と呼称する場合がある。)である。
不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)に用いられる不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩を形成する不飽和カルボン酸化合物は、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸等のα、β-エチレン性不飽和基を有するカルボン酸化合物であり、重合度が20未満、好ましくは単量体若しくは重合度10以下の重合体である。重合度が20を越える重合体(高分子化合物)を用いた場合は、後述の多価金属化合物との塩が完全には形成されない虞があり、その結果、当該金属塩を重合して得られる層は高湿度下でのガスバリア性が劣る虞がある。これら不飽和カルボン酸化合物は、一種でも二種以上の混合物であってもよい。
本発明に係わる不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩を形成する成分である多価金属化合物は、周期表の2A~7A族、1B~3B族及び8族に属する金属及び金属化合物であり、具体的には、マグネシウム(Mg)、カルシウム(Ca)、ストロンチウム(Sr)、バリウム(Ba)、鉄(Fe)、コバルト(Co)、ニッケル(Ni)、銅(Cu)、亜鉛(Zn)、アルミニウム(Al)等の二価以上の金属、これら金属の酸化物、水酸化物、ハロゲン化物、炭酸塩、リン酸塩、亜リン酸塩、次亜リン酸塩、硫酸塩若しくは亜硫酸塩等である。これら金属化合物の中でも、二価の金属化合物が好ましく、特には酸化マグネシウム、酸化カルシウム、酸化バリウム、酸化亜鉛、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化亜鉛等が好ましい。これら二価の金属化合物を用いた場合は、前記不飽和カルボン酸化合物との塩を重合して得られる膜の高湿度下でのガスバリア性が特に優れている。これら多価金属化合物は、少なくとも一種が使用され、一種のみの使用であっても、二種以上を併用してもよい。これら多価金属化合物の中でもMg、Ca、Zn、Ba及びAl、特にZnが好ましい。
本発明に係る不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)を構成する成分である不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩は、前記重合度が20未満の不飽和カルボン酸化合物と前記多価金属化合物との塩である。これら不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩は一種でも二種以上の混合物であってもよい。かかる不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の中でも、特に(メタ)アクリル酸亜鉛が得られる重合体層の耐熱水性に優れるので好ましい。
層(Y)に含まれるビニルアルコール系重合体(b)は、ポリビニルアルコール、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、変性ビニルアルコール系重合体などの主成分として、ビニルアルコールを含む重合体である。
本発明に係る変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1)としては、ビニルアルコール系重合体(b)に、種々の公知の反応性を有する基(反応性基)を付加、置換、あるいはエステル化等により反応性基を結合して変性したもの、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステルと反応性基を有する不飽和化合物とを共重合して得た共重合体を鹸化したもの等を挙げることができる。これら反応性重合基としては、(メタ)アクリレート基、(メタ)アクリロイル基、(メタ)アクリルアミド基、ビニル基、アリル基、スチリル基、チオール基、シリル基、アセトアセチル基、エポキシ基などが挙げられる。
なお、「(メタ)アクリレート」、「(メタ)アクリロイル」、及び「(メタ)アクリルアミド」の表記は、アクリレートとメタクリレート、アクリロイルとメタクリロイル、及びアクリルアミドとメタクリルアミドの一方または両方を意味し、以下の表記も同じである。
反応性基の量は、適宜決めることができるが、基体となるビニルアルコール系重合体のOH基の量が少なくなるとビニルアルコール系重合体が本来有するガスバリア性が損なわれる虞があるので、通常、反応性基の量は、0.001~50モル%の範囲にある(反応性基とOH基の合計で100モル%とする)。
本発明に係る(メタ)アクリレート基変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1イ)としては、好ましくは(メタ)アクリロイル基の量(-OH基との対比;エステル化率)が0.001~50%、より好ましくは0.1~40%の範囲にある。エステル化率が0.001%未満のものは得られる層(Y)の耐熱水性、柔軟性等が改良されない虞があり、一方、50%を超えるものは得られる層(Y)の耐熱水性、酸素バリア性等が改良されない虞がある。
なお、「(メタ)アクリル酸」の表記は、アクリル酸とメタクリル酸の一方または両方を意味し、以下の表記も同じである。
またビニルアルコール系共重合体と、例えばグリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、2-イソシアナトエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のビニルアルコール系共重合体のOH基と反応する官能基を分子内に有する(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体とを反応させ、(メタ)アクリレート基をビニルアルコール系共重合体に間接的に導入することもできる。
本発明に係るチオール基変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1ロ)としては、イソチウロニウム塩やチオール酸エステルを有するビニルモノマーと酢酸ビニルとを共重合し、得られた重合体を酸や塩基で分解しチオール基とする方法、高分子反応により、ポリビニルアルコール系重合体の側鎖に反応性官能基を導入する方法、-COSH基を有する有機チオール酸を包含する、チオール酢酸、チオールプロピオン酸、チオール酪酸等のチオールカルボン酸の存在下に、ギ酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、バーサテイック酸ビニル、ラウリル酸ビニル、ステアリン酸ビニル等のビニルエステル類を重合し、得られた重合体を鹸化することにより分子の末端にのみチオール基を導入する方法等、公知の方法により分子内にチオール基を付与させた重合体で、通常、チオール基変性率は0.1~50モル%の範囲にある。
本発明に係るシリル基変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1ハ)としては、ビニルアルコール系重合体あるいはカルボキシル基又は水酸基を含有する酢酸ビニル系重合体にトリメチルクロルシラン、ジメチルジクロルシラン、メチルトリクロルシラン、ビニルトリクロルシラン、ジフェニルジクロルシラン等のオルガノハロゲンシラン、トリメチルアセトキシシラン、ジメチルジアセトキシシラン等のオルガノアセトキシシランあるいはトリメトキシシラン、ジメチルジメトキシシラン等のオルガノアルコキシシラン等のシリル化剤を用いて後変性によりシリル基を付加する方法、あるいは酢酸ビニルと例えば、ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス-(β-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、ビニルトリアセトキシシラン、アリルトリメトキシシラン、アリルトリアセトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジメトキシシラン、ビニルジメチルメトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジエトキシシラン、ビニルジメチルエトキシシラン、ビニルメチルジアセトキシシラン、ビニルジメチルアセトキシシラン、ビニルイソブチルジメトキシシラン、ビニルトリイソプロポキシシラン、ビニルトリブトキシシラン、ビニルトリヘキシロキシシラン、ビニルメトキシジヘキシロキシシラン、ビニルジメトキシオクチロキシシラン等のビニルシラン、あるいは3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルトリ(β-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロピルトリメトキシシラン、2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-2-メチルエチルトリメトキシシラン、N-(2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-エチル)-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルトリアセトキシシラン、2-(メタ)アクリルアミド-エチルトリメトキシシラン、1-(メタ)アクリルアミド-メチルトリメトキシシラン、3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、3-(メタ)アクリルアミド-プロピルジメチルメトキシシラン、3-(N-メチル-(メタ)アクリルアミド)-プロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-((メタ)アクリルアミド-メトキシ)-3-ハイドロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-((メタ)アクリルアミド-メトキシ)-プロピルトリメトキシシラン等の(メタ)アクリルアミド-アルキルシラン等のシリル基含有オレフィン性不飽和化合物との共重合体を鹸化する方法等で得られる分子内にアルコキシシリル基、アシロキシシリル基あるいはこれらの加水分解物であるシラノール基又はその塩等のシリル基を有する重合体等を挙げることができる。かかるシリル基の変性量は、通常、0.1~50モル%の範囲にある。
本発明に係るアセトアセチル基変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1ニ)としては、前記ビニルアルコール系重合体の溶液、分散液又は粉末に液状又はガス状のジケテンを添加反応させて得られるものであり、通常、アセトアセチル化度は1~10モル%、好ましくは3~5モル%の範囲にある。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムを、他のフィルムと積層する際に用いられる、接着剤層は、種々公知の接着剤等からなる。本発明に係る接着剤層を構成するための接着剤としては、有機チタン系樹脂、ポリエチレンイミン系樹脂、ウレタン系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、オキサゾリン基含有樹脂、変性シリコン樹脂及びアルキルチタネート、ポリエステル系ポリブタジエン等から組成されているラミネート接着剤、または一液型、二液型のポリオールと多価イソシアネート、水系ウレタン、アイオノマー等がある。また用途によりそれらの接着剤に硬化剤、シランカップリング剤など等、他の添加物を添加する場合もある。またアクリル系、酢酸ビニル系、ウレタン系、ポリエステル樹脂等を主原料とした水性接着剤もある。レトルト等の熱水処理の場合、耐熱性や耐水性の観点より、ポリウレタン系接着剤に代表されるドライラミネート用接着剤が用いられる場合が多く、好ましくは溶剤系の二液硬化タイプのポリウレタン系接着剤がよい。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、前記片面に無機化合物層が形成された基材フィルムの無機化合物層に、前記(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤層、前記不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)及びビニルアルコール系重合体(b)を含む有機バリア層(Y)が順次積層されてなるガスバリアフィルムである。
本発明のガスバリアフィルムは、前記片面に無機化合物層が形成された基材フィルムの無機化合物層に、前記(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤を塗布して、(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤層を形成させた後、重合度が20未満の不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩を含有する溶液(s)及び前記ビニルアルコール系重合体(b)を所望の量で混合した溶液を塗工した後、重合度が20未満の不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩を重合し、不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)及びビニルアルコール系重合体(b)を含む有機バリア層(Y)を形成させた後、層(Y)上に、必要に応じて、前記接着剤層を形成することにより製造し得る。
例えば、多価金属化合物として水酸化カルシウム(分子量74g/モル)を37g、不飽和カルボン酸化合物としてアクリル酸単量体(分子量72g/モル)72gを混合した場合の化学当量比は1となる。
〔物性測定用多層フィルムの調整〕
厚さ70μmの無延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(三井化学東セロ社製 商品名:RXC-21)の片面に、エステル系接着剤(ポリエステル系接着剤(三井化学ポリウレタン社製 商品名:タケラックA525):9重量部、イソシアネート系硬化剤(三井化学ポリウレタン社製 商品名:タケネートA52):1重量部及び酢酸エチル:7.5重量部)を塗布し乾燥後、実施例、比較例で得られたガスバリア性積層フィルムのバリア面と貼り合わせ(ドライラミネート)、多層フィルム(レトルト前の試料)を得た。
上記方法で得られたレトルト前後の多層フィルムを、モコン社製OX-TRAN2/20を用いて、JIS K 7126に準じ、温度20℃、湿度90%R.H.の条件で測定した。
上記方法で得られたレトルト前後の多層フィルムを15ミリメータ(mm)幅に採取した後、ガスバリア性積層フィルムの剥離のきっかけを作るために試料の角をラミネート面と無延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムの間を部分的に剥離し、その後300(mm/分)の剥離速度で、180度ラミネート剥離強度を測定した。レトルト後の試料は濡れた状態で測定した。
上記方法で得た剥離後のサンプルのガスバリア性積層フィルム剥離面と無延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム剥離界面を蛍光X線にて、ZnとSiの強度を測定し、剥離界面の特定をした。
(表1における剥離界面の表示)
A:接着剤層と有機バリア層、B:有機バリア層とシランカップリング層
C:シランカップリング層とSiOx層、D:有機バリア層とSiOx層
E:延伸ポリエチレンナフタレートとSiOx層、F:接着剤層とSiOx層
<溶液(Z):3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液の作製>
3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM5103)10gに精製水34.46gを加え、酢酸0.25gを加えて20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えて3-アクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液である溶液(Z)を得た。
3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM503)10gに精製水34.46gを加え、酢酸0.25gを加えて20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えて3-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液である溶液(Y)を得た。
N-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM603)10gに精製水34.46gを加え20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えてN-2(アミノエチル)3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液を得た。得られた加水分解液である溶液(X)を得た。
3-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM403)10gに精製水34.46gを加え、酢酸0.25gを加えて20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えて3-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシランの加水分解液を得た。得られた加水分解液である溶液(W)を得た。
3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM903)10gに精製水34.46gを加え20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えて3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液を得た。得られた加水分解液である溶液(V)を得た。
ビニルトリメトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBM1003)10gに精製水34.46gを加え、酢酸0.25gを加えて20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えてビニルトリメトキシシランの加水分解液を得た。得られた加水分解液である溶液(U)を得た。
3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシラン(信越化学工業社製 商品名KBE9007)10gに精製水34.46gを加え、酢酸0.25gを加えて20分攪拌し、その後、イソプロピルアルコール34.46gを加えて3-イソシアネートプロピルトリエトキシシランの加水分解液を得た。得られた加水分解液である溶液(T)を得た。
アクリル酸亜鉛水溶液 液濃度30%(浅田化学工業社製)を固形分比率で89質量%、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)アクリルアミド(興人株式会社製)2質量%、及びビニルアルコール系重合体9質量%(アクリル酸亜鉛、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)アクリルアミド、ビニルアルコール系重合体の合計を100質量%とする。)からなる組成物を用いて、その水溶液(溶質の濃度:15(質量%))と、メチルアルコールで25質量%に希釈した光重合開始剤〔1-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロパン-1-オン(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ社製 商品名:イルガキュアー 2959)〕、及び界面活性剤(花王社製 商品名:エマルゲン120)を固形分比率でそれぞれ98.5%、1.2%、0.3%となるように混合して、溶液(S)を得た。
アクリル樹脂水溶液、ポリエステルウレタン樹脂水溶液およびオキサゾリン基含有ポリマー(日本触媒製 エポクロスWS-500)の混合物を塗布して得られた易接着層を有する12μmの二軸延伸ポリエチレンナフタレートの易接着面にSiOを蒸着源にして0.5×10-4Torrの真空下で、真空蒸着法により厚さ20ナノメータ(nm)のSiOx膜(層)を形成させガスバリア性フィルムを得た。
溶液(Z)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムのSiOx層面にバーコーターを用いて乾燥後の塗工量が0.015g/m2になるように塗布し、熱風乾燥器を使用して温度;80℃、時間;30秒の条件で乾燥し、シランカップリング層を得た。シランカップリング層の上に、溶液(S)をメイヤバーにて乾燥後の塗工量が1.4g/m2になるように塗布し、熱風乾燥器を使用して温度;40℃、時間;15秒の条件で乾燥し、この後速やかに塗布面を上にしてステンレス板に固定し、UV照射装置(アイグラフィック社製 EYE GRANDAGE 型式ECS 301G1)を用いて、積算光量220mJ/cm2の条件で紫外線を照射して重合を行い、有機バリア層を形成し、ガスバリア性積層フィルムを得た。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(Z)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムにバーコーターを用いて乾燥後の塗工量が0.03g/m2になるように塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(Y)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(X)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(W)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(V)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(U)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(T)を比較例1で得られたガスバリア性フィルムに塗布する以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
溶液(Z)を塗布しない以外は実施例1と同様に行った。
得られたガスバリア性フィルムを上記記載の方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (5)
- 片面に無機化合物層が形成された基材フィルムの無機化合物層に、(メタ)アクリル系シランカップリング剤層、不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)及びビニルアルコール系重合体(b)を含む有機バリア層(Y)が順次積層されてなるガスバリアフィルム。
- 有機バリア層(Y)上に更に接着剤が積層されてなる請求項1記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 有機バリア層(Y)におけるビニルアルコール系重合体(b)の含有量が、不飽和カルボン酸化合物多価金属塩の重合体(a)とビニルアルコール系重合体(b)との合計量:100質量%に対して、2~40質量%である請求項1記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 有機バリア層(Y)におけるビニルアルコール系重合体(b)が、変性ビニルアルコール系重合体(b1)である請求項1または2記載のガスバリアフィルム。
- 請求項2に記載のガスバリアフィルムの接着剤層面に、他のフィルムが積層されてなるガスバリアフィルム。
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JP2000177771A (ja) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-27 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | レトルト用包装材 |
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JP2010221595A (ja) * | 2009-03-24 | 2010-10-07 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | ガスバリア性フィルムおよびガスバリア性フィルムの製造方法 |
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JP2001310425A (ja) | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-06 | Unitika Ltd | ガスバリア性フィルム |
JP2003171419A (ja) | 2001-12-04 | 2003-06-20 | Rengo Co Ltd | ガスバリア性樹脂組成物及びこれから成形されるガスバリア性フィルム |
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TWI542467B (zh) | 2016-07-21 |
KR102002806B1 (ko) | 2019-07-23 |
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