WO2013014808A1 - 圧縮機台数制御システム - Google Patents
圧縮機台数制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013014808A1 WO2013014808A1 PCT/JP2011/070066 JP2011070066W WO2013014808A1 WO 2013014808 A1 WO2013014808 A1 WO 2013014808A1 JP 2011070066 W JP2011070066 W JP 2011070066W WO 2013014808 A1 WO2013014808 A1 WO 2013014808A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/12—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
- F04B49/022—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a compressor number control system that includes a plurality of air compressors and changes the number of operating compressors according to the use load of compressed air.
- Patent Document 1 Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below, it has been proposed to change the pressure threshold value for increasing or decreasing the number of operating compressors based on the pressure and the rate of change thereof.
- all the compressors are on / off controlled (paragraph number 0029 and the like).
- JP 2007-120497 A (claims, paragraph numbers 0140-0155, FIGS. 15 and 16)
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a compressor number control system capable of producing compressed air by controlling the number of operating units with a simple configuration and quickly following the usage load of the compressed air. There is.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a plurality of compressors, compressed air supplied from these compressors, and compressed air to a device using compressed air.
- a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of compressed air, and a unit controller for changing the number of operating compressors based on the detected pressure of the pressure sensor.
- the compressor number control system is characterized in that the pressure for decreasing the number as a boundary value for determining whether or not to decrease is set so as to decrease as the number of operating units increases.
- the pressure for reducing the number of vehicles as a boundary value for determining whether or not to reduce the number of operating units is set so as to decrease as the number of operating units increases.
- the contribution rate per unit for maintaining the target pressure decreases, and the pressure fluctuation can be suppressed. Therefore, the pressure for reducing the number of units can be lowered as the number of operating units increases.
- one compressor is usually stopped when the pressure for reducing the number of units is higher than that, and one compressor is started when the pressure for increasing the number of units is lower, but the pressure for decreasing the number is lowered as the number of operating units increases.
- the pressure fluctuation range can be suppressed.
- the invention according to claim 2 is that when the compressors are all capacity-controlled even when a plurality of compressors are operated at the same time, the load factor is 0% when stopped, and the load factor is 100% when fully loaded. 2.
- System. Stop load factor (%) (Number of operating units-1) / Number of operating units x 100
- the capacity of all units is controlled, and when two units are operated, one unit is stopped when the load factor per unit becomes 50% or less.
- one unit is stopped when the load factor per unit becomes 67% or less, and stop control is performed based on the load factor per unit according to the number of units in operation. Optimal operation can be performed with the configuration.
- the capacity of each of the compressors is controlled so as to maintain the pressure on the discharge side between the lower limit pressure PL and the upper limit pressure PH, and at a stop load factor corresponding to the number of operating units.
- the stop load factor can be converted into pressure and easily controlled.
- the number of operating compressors is decreased after a set time has elapsed while the pressure detected by the pressure sensor is equal to or greater than the pressure for decreasing the number of units.
- This is a compressor number control system.
- the compressors are excessively stopped one after another. Can be prevented.
- the compressed air from each of the compressors is supplied to a common receiver tank and then sent to one or a plurality of compressed air utilization devices, and the pressure sensor is supplied to the receiver tank.
- the pressure for increasing the number as a boundary value for determining whether or not to increase the number of operating units by the number controller is set differently based on the pressure change rate ⁇ P of the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor, and the pressure change rate ⁇ P Is less than the first set value ⁇ P1, when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor becomes equal to or lower than the second lower limit pressure PL2 as the number-increasing pressure, one unit is started and the pressure change rate ⁇ P When the absolute value is greater than or equal to the first set value ⁇ P1 but less than the second set value ⁇ P2, one unit is activated when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor is less than or equal to the first lower limit pressure PL1 as the number increase pressure.
- the first lower limit pressure PL1 or less when the first lower limit pressure PL1 or less is maintained, one unit is activated every time the predetermined continuous activation prevention time elapses. However, if the first lower limit pressure PL1 is lower than the first lower limit pressure PL1, the first lower limit pressure PL1 is maintained.
- the detected pressure P of the pressure sensors is used to increase the number of units. One unit is started when the pressure is less than or equal to the upper limit pressure PH, and when the pressure is still less than or equal to the upper limit pressure PH, one unit is started every time a predetermined continuous activation prevention time elapses. 5.
- the predetermined continuous start prevention time is set.
- One compressor is started each time it passes, but in the region where the absolute value of the pressure change rate is greater than or equal to the set value, if the detected pressure of the pressure sensor falls below the pressure for immediate increase, without waiting for the passage of a predetermined time Start one.
- the pressure change rate is greater than the set value and is about to depart from the target pressure range, one unit is started below the immediate increase pressure without waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time. It is possible to quickly correct the difference between the discharge amount of the machine and the use amount of the equipment using compressed air.
- the number controller controls the discharge flow rate of compressed air from each compressor, or the rotational speed, operating current or usage of each compressor.
- the compressor number control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the number of operating compressors is changed based on electric power.
- the invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that the number controller monitors the current or power used by each compressor, and prioritizes the compressor that uses less current or power.
- the seventh aspect of the present invention it is possible to improve the operation efficiency by operating the compressor with a small amount of current or power used with priority.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of a compressor number control system according to the present invention.
- the compressor number control system 1 detects a plurality of compressors 2, 2,..., A receiver tank 3 to which compressed air is supplied from the compressor 2, and a pressure in the receiver tank 3.
- a pressure sensor 4 and a number controller 5 for controlling the compressors 2 based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 4 are provided.
- Each compressor 2 is an electric air compressor, and the main body of the compressor is driven by a motor to suck in, compress, and discharge outside air. Compressed air from each compressor 2 is sent to one or a plurality of various compressed air utilization devices (not shown) via a common receiver tank 3.
- Each compressor 2 is not particularly limited in its configuration such as a screw type, a turbo type, or a reciprocating type, but typically has the same configuration as each other. Each compressor 2 typically has the same discharge capacity.
- Each compressor 2 of the present embodiment is configured to be capable of capacity control.
- the capacity can be controlled mechanically by itself.
- the specific configuration of the capacity control is not particularly limited, in this embodiment, the capacity control is performed by adjusting the opening of a capacity adjustment valve (not shown) provided on the suction side of the compressor 2.
- the capacity adjustment valve adjusts the opening by itself so as to maintain the desired pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 2. In other words, as the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 2 increases, the capacity adjustment valve reduces the suction amount by reducing the opening, thereby reducing the discharge amount while the compressor 2 reduces the discharge amount. As the pressure on the side decreases, the capacity adjustment valve increases the opening to increase the intake amount, thereby causing the compressor 2 to increase the discharge amount.
- the capacity adjustment valve adjusts the opening degree so as to maintain the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 2 between the lower limit pressure PL and the upper limit pressure PH in FIG.
- the capacity adjustment valve is fully opened when the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 2 is lower than the lower limit pressure PL, and is fully closed when the pressure is higher than the upper limit pressure PH.
- the opening degree is proportionally reduced between the lower limit pressure PL and the upper limit pressure PH as it goes from the lower limit pressure PL to the upper limit pressure PH.
- the pressure range between the lower limit pressure PL and the upper limit pressure PH is the control range of the capacity adjustment valve.
- each compressor 2 has a linear characteristic in which the discharge pressure and the discharge flow rate are inversely proportional to each other within a specified adjustment range PL to PH by the capacity adjustment valve.
- the discharge pressure and the load factor of the compressor 2 are linear functions. If the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor 2 exceeds a predetermined stop pressure PS, the compressor 2 is forcibly stopped.
- Each compressor 2 of the present embodiment is typically capacity-controlled even when a plurality of compressors are operated at the same time. Therefore, it is not necessary for each compressor 2 to have a full load lock function for maintaining full load operation.
- the receiver tank 3 is a hollow container that supplies compressed air to one or a plurality of devices using compressed air while being supplied with compressed air from each compressor 2.
- a pressure sensor 4 is provided so that the pressure in the receiver tank 3 can be detected.
- the number controller 5 is connected to each compressor 2 and the pressure sensor 4, and controls each compressor 2 based on the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 4. In this embodiment, the presence or absence of operation of each compressor 2 (that is, change of the number of operating units) is switched.
- a specific control method is as follows.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the number control method by the compressor number control system 1 of the present embodiment.
- the discharge pressure of each compressor 2 during operation and the pressure in the receiver tank 3 (that is, the pressure sensor 4) Detection pressure) and the number of operating units increase and decrease table.
- the operation number increase / decrease table is divided into a start table for increasing the operation number and a stop table for reducing the operation number as shown in a bar graph on the right side of FIG. Divided.
- the start-up table shows how to start the compressor 2 based on the pressure P in the receiver tank 3 and the rate of change ⁇ P, in other words, how to increase the number of operating units.
- the stop table shows how to stop the compressor 2 on the basis of the pressure P in the receiver tank 3 and the number of units currently in operation, in other words, how to reduce the number of units in operation. .
- These controls are performed based on the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 and the pressure change rate ⁇ P at predetermined intervals.
- an average value for a predetermined number of times (for example, 20 times) of the calculation cycle of the CPU of the number controller 5 is used as the detected pressure P, and the most recent predetermined time (for example, the latest 20 seconds) is used as the pressure change rate ⁇ P. ) Average value is used.
- the pressure change rate ⁇ P is a fluctuating pressure per predetermined time.
- the pressure change rate ⁇ P is negative, the pressure in the receiver tank 3 tends to decrease, and when the pressure change rate ⁇ P is positive, the pressure in the receiver tank 3 tends to increase.
- the amount of compressed air used by the compressed air utilization device is larger than the amount of compressed air discharged by the compressor 2, the pressure in the receiver tank 3 decreases, and conversely, the amount of compressed air discharged by the compressor 2 is When the amount of compressed air used by the compressed air utilization device is larger, the pressure in the receiver tank 3 increases.
- the pressure in the receiver tank 3 is slightly lower than the discharge pressure of the compressor 2. Therefore, the pressures PL1 and PL2 in the receiver tank 3 correspond to the discharge pressures PL1 ′ and PL2 ′ of the compressor 2, respectively, as shown by a broken line having a slight inclination in FIG.
- the compressor number control system 1 of this embodiment as is apparent from the stop table, when the pressure in the receiver tank 3 becomes the upper limit pressure PH of the control range of the capacity adjustment valve, all the compressors 2 are Since the air flow rate is stopped, the compressor discharge pressure and the receiver tank pressure are the same with respect to the upper limit pressure PH.
- the number controller 5 compares the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 4 with a preset pressure value, and increases or decreases the number of operating compressors 2. At this time, the pressure value for increasing the number of operating units is set to be different based on the pressure change rate ⁇ P of the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 as shown in the startup table. In other words, the number controller 5 starts one compressor 2 when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is equal to or less than the number-increasing pressure A, but increases the number as a boundary value of whether to increase the number of operating units.
- the pressure A is set so as to increase gradually as the pressure change rate ⁇ P increases to the negative side.
- the unit controller 5 is configured such that, when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is maintained at a level equal to or lower than the number increasing pressure A, the compressor 1 is activated, but in a region where the pressure change rate ⁇ P is equal to or less than the set value ( ⁇ P1) (that is, ⁇ P ⁇ ⁇ P1), if the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is equal to or less than the immediate increase pressure B, One more unit is activated without waiting for the elapse of a predetermined time.
- the immediate increase pressure B is preferably set to a higher pressure as the absolute value of the pressure change rate ⁇ P is larger.
- the pressure value for decreasing the number of operating units is set to be different based on the number of operating compressors 2 that are currently operating. That is, the number controller 5 stops one compressor 2 when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is equal to or higher than the number reduction pressure C, but the number controller 5 serves as a boundary value for determining whether or not to reduce the number of operating units.
- the pressure C is set so as to gradually decrease as the number of operating units increases.
- the pressure C for reducing the number of units should be determined in consideration of the load factor of each compressor 2. In other words, when the load factor is 0% during stop and the load factor is 100% during full load, if the load factor per compressor 2 during operation is less than or equal to the stop load factor determined by the following equation: Stop one of them.
- Stop load factor (%) (Number of operating units-1) / Number of operating units x 100
- the number controller 5 calculates the pressure C for reducing the number of units based on the number of units in operation by the following formula in order to stop one unit at a stop load factor according to the number of units in operation, and reduces the number of units operated accordingly based on this formula.
- This Formula 2 can be rewritten as follows using the Formula 1.
- the pressure C for decreasing the number can be defined according to the number of operating units.
- the upper limit pressure PH and the lower limit pressure PL in the formulas 2 and 3 are compressor discharge pressures that define the control range of the capacity adjustment valve as described above, but the actual stop control is performed in the receiver tank in this embodiment. 3 is performed based on the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 4 provided in 3, it is preferable to use a value corrected in consideration of the pressure loss between the compressor 2 and the receiver tank 3.
- the upper limit pressure PH is the same as the compressor discharge pressure and the receiver tank pressure. Therefore, it is preferable to use the value converted into the receiver tank pressure for the lower limit pressure PL.
- the number-decreasing pressure C derived from Equation 2 and Equation 3 is strictly a compressor discharge pressure, and is preferably controlled by converting it into a receiver tank pressure.
- the second lower limit pressure PL2 is set lower than the first lower limit pressure PL1, and the first lower limit pressure PL1 and the second lower limit pressure PL2 are set lower than the control range lower limit PL of the capacity adjustment valve.
- the first set value ⁇ P1 and the second set value ⁇ P2 are set in consideration of the discharge capacity during full load operation for one compressor.
- the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is equal to or lower than the second lower limit pressure PL2 as the pressure A for increasing the number of units, one unit is activated. As a result, the pressure normally exceeds the second lower limit pressure PL2, but if the use load of compressed air continues to increase during this time, the pressure may remain below the second lower limit pressure PL2. In that case, every time the predetermined continuous activation prevention time elapses, one compressor 2 is activated. That is, when the detected pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 remains in the “one unit start” region in FIG. 2, as long as there is a compressor 2 that is stopped, one unit is started each time the continuous start prevention time elapses.
- the absolute value of the pressure change rate ⁇ P is equal to or greater than the second set value ⁇ P2. Specifically, when ⁇ P ⁇ ⁇ P2.
- the detection pressure P of the pressure sensor 4 is the upper limit of the control range of the capacity adjustment valve as the pressure A for increasing the number of units. Even if it is below the value PH, in other words, within the control range PL to PH of the capacity adjustment valve, one unit is activated.
- control range PL to PH of the capacity adjusting valve when the control range PL to PH of the capacity adjusting valve is maintained even if one unit is activated, one unit is activated every time a predetermined continuous activation prevention time elapses. If the pressure falls below the lower limit pressure PL1, another unit is activated without waiting for the continuous activation prevention time to elapse.
- the load factor is 0 to 100%.
- the unit is operated at a load factor of 50 to 100%.
- the operation is performed with a higher load as the number of units increases, such as operation with a load factor of 67 to 100% per unit.
- one unit may be stopped if the pressure is equal to or higher than the number-decreasing pressure C corresponding to the number of operating units calculated by the above-described Formula 3 (or Formula 2). For example, when two units are operating, when “ ⁇ (upper limit pressure PH ⁇ lower limit pressure PL) ⁇ 2) ⁇ + lower limit pressure PL” or more, one compressor 2 is stopped. In addition, when operating three units, when “ ⁇ (upper limit pressure PH ⁇ lower limit pressure PL) ⁇ 3 ⁇ + lower limit pressure PL” or more, one compressor 2 is stopped so that one unit is stopped.
- the number-decreasing pressure C is set according to Equation 3 based on the number.
- the number controller 5 adds the compressor 2 based on the discharge flow rate of the compressed air from each compressor 2 or the number of revolutions of each compressor 2, the current used or the power used, in addition to the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 4.
- the number of operating units may be corrected.
- an air flow meter is installed in the discharge pipe from each compressor 2 to the receiver tank 3, an air flow meter is installed in the discharge pipe from the receiver tank 3 to the compressed air utilization device, or the rotation of each compressor 2
- the load factor of each compressor 2 that is, the air load is grasped by detecting the number and current.
- capacitance) of the compressor 2 corresponding to an air load should be set, and the compressor 2 which becomes excess should just be stopped.
- the difference in the pressure C for decreasing the number decreases as the number increases, and the optimum operating number may be shifted.
- the pressure for decreasing the number of units or the number of operating units may be corrected.
- control is performed by the pressure of the receiver tank 3, but the control may be performed by the above-described air flow rate. If current is measured, the power consumption for the air load can be managed, and it is possible to notify the energy saving effect due to the presence or absence of the number control system 1 of the present invention.
- the unit controller 5 may monitor the use current or the use power of each compressor 2 and operate the compressor 2 with less use current or use power with priority. Furthermore, since there is a possibility that the compressors 2 during operation may not have the same discharge capacity due to pressure loss of piping, errors of capacity adjustment valves, interference between devices, etc., monitor the power consumption of each compressor 2, In addition to preferentially operating a compressor with low power consumption, if there is a certain amount of bias (difference) in power consumption, a notification may be issued to encourage maintenance such as a capacity adjustment valve.
- each compressor 2 When operating multiple units at the same time, if only one unit is capacity-controlled and the other is fully loaded, each compressor 2 must have a full load lock function to maintain full load operation. However, this function is not normally provided in the compressor 2, and the compressor 2 needs to be modified. However, according to the system 1 of the present embodiment, each compressor 2 does not need a full load lock function, so that it is not necessary to modify each compressor 2.
- each compressor 2 operates on the side where the discharge pressure is low. Will do.
- the compressor 2 is more efficient as it operates at a lower discharge pressure. Therefore, the operation efficiency can be improved by lowering the pressure C for decreasing the number of units.
- each compressor 2 may have an unloader function.
- the compressor 2 may be started and stopped by loading and unloading the compressor 2.
- each compressor 2 is not limited to the capacity adjustment valve provided on the suction side of the compressor 2 as in the above-described embodiment, and other conventionally known configurations may be employed. Further, all the compressors 2 may be simply subjected to on / off control and load / unload control without capacity control.
- each compression The pressure sensor 4 may be provided at a location where the compressed air is supplied from the machine 2 or a location where the compressed air is sent to the device using the compressed air.
- each compressor was mutually the same structure and discharge capacity, you may make these differ depending on the case.
- the compressor may be controlled as two units.
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Description
停止負荷率(%)=(運転台数-1)/運転台数×100
台数減少用圧力={(上限圧力PH-下限圧力PL)÷運転台数}+下限圧力PL
図1は、本発明の圧縮機台数制御システムの一実施例を示す概略図である。本実施例の圧縮機台数制御システム1は、複数台の圧縮機2,2,…と、これら圧縮機2から圧縮空気が供給されるレシーバタンク3と、このレシーバタンク3内の圧力を検出する圧力センサ4と、この圧力センサ4の検出圧力などに基づき前記各圧縮機2を制御する台数制御器5とを備える。
(1-1)圧力変化率ΔPの絶対値が第一設定値ΔP1未満である場合。具体的には、-ΔP1<ΔP<+ΔP1である場合。
圧力センサ4の検出圧力Pが台数増加用圧力Aとしての第二下限圧力PL2以下になると1台起動させる。これにより通常は圧力が第二下限圧力PL2を上回るが、この間も圧縮空気の使用負荷が増加し続けると、圧力が第二下限圧力PL2以下を維持する場合がある。その場合、所定の連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに圧縮機2を1台起動させる。つまり、圧力センサ4の検出圧力Pが図2における「1台起動」領域に留まる場合には、停止中の圧縮機2がある限り、連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに1台ずつ起動させる。
圧力センサ4の検出圧力Pが台数増加用圧力Aとしての第一下限圧力PL1以下になると1台起動させる。この場合も、1台起動させても第一下限圧力PL1以下を維持する場合、所定の連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに1台起動させるが、即時増加用圧力Bとしての第二下限圧力PL2以下になれば、連続起動防止時間の経過を待つことなくさらにもう1台起動させる。
レシーバタンク3内の圧力下降時(圧力変化率ΔPがマイナスの場合つまりΔP≦-ΔP2の場合)には、圧力センサ4の検出圧力Pが台数増加用圧力Aとしての容量調整弁の制御範囲上限値PH以下、言い換えれば容量調整弁の制御範囲PL~PHであっても、1台起動させる。この場合も、1台起動させても容量調整弁の制御範囲PL~PHを維持する場合、所定の連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに1台起動させるが、即時増加用圧力Bとしての第一下限圧力PL1以下になれば、連続起動防止時間の経過を待つことなくさらにもう1台起動させる。
圧力センサ4により空気圧力を監視して、たとえば、2台運転している場合には、1台当たりの負荷率が50%以下になると1台停止させ、3台運転している場合には、1台当たりの負荷率が67%以下になると1台停止させ、4台運転している場合には、1台あたりの負荷率が75%以下になると1台停止させるというように、前述した数式1による停止負荷率を考慮して、圧縮機2の運転台数を減少させる。
2 圧縮機
3 レシーバタンク
4 圧力センサ
5 台数制御器
A 台数増加用圧力
B 即時増加用圧力
C 台数減少用圧力
Claims (7)
- 複数台の圧縮機と、
これら圧縮機から圧縮空気が供給されると共に圧縮空気利用機器へ圧縮空気を送る箇所に設けられ、圧縮空気の圧力を検出する圧力センサと、
この圧力センサの検出圧力に基づき前記圧縮機の運転台数を変更する台数制御器とを備え、
前記台数制御器により運転台数を減少させるか否かの境界値としての台数減少用圧力は、運転台数が多いほど低くなるよう設定される
ことを特徴とする圧縮機台数制御システム。 - 前記各圧縮機は、同時に複数台が運転される場合でもすべてが容量制御され、
停止時を負荷率0%、全負荷時を負荷率100%とした場合に、運転中の前記圧縮機の1台当たりの負荷率が次式により求められる停止負荷率以下になると、運転中の1台を停止させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。
停止負荷率(%)=(運転台数-1)/運転台数×100 - 前記各圧縮機は、その吐出側の圧力を、下限圧力PLと上限圧力PHとの間に維持するように容量制御され、
運転台数に応じた停止負荷率で運転中の1台を停止させるために、前記台数減少用圧力は運転台数に基づき次式により設定される
ことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。
台数減少用圧力={(上限圧力PH-下限圧力PL)÷運転台数}+下限圧力PL - 前記圧力センサによる検出圧力が前記台数減少用圧力以上の状態を設定時間継続後に、前記圧縮機の運転台数を減少させる
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。 - 前記各圧縮機からの圧縮空気は、共通のレシーバタンクへ供給された後、一または複数の圧縮空気利用機器へ送られ、
前記圧力センサは、前記レシーバタンクに設置され、
前記台数制御器により運転台数を増加させるか否かの境界値としての台数増加用圧力は、前記圧力センサの検出圧力Pの圧力変化率ΔPに基づき異なるよう設定され、
圧力変化率ΔPの絶対値が第一設定値ΔP1未満である場合には、前記圧力センサの検出圧力Pが、前記台数増加用圧力としての第二下限圧力PL2以下になると1台起動させ、
圧力変化率ΔPの絶対値が第一設定値ΔP1以上であるが第二設定値ΔP2未満である場合には、前記圧力センサの検出圧力Pが前記台数増加用圧力としての第一下限圧力PL1以下になると1台起動させ、それでも第一下限圧力PL1以下を維持する場合、所定の連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに1台起動させるが、前記第一下限圧力PL1よりも低圧の第二下限圧力PL2以下になれば、前記連続起動防止時間の経過を待つことなくさらに1台起動させ、
圧力変化率ΔPの絶対値が第二設定値ΔP2以上である場合には、前記圧力センサの検出圧力Pが前記台数増加用圧力としての前記上限圧力PH以下であると1台起動させ、それでも前記上限圧力PH以下を維持する場合、所定の連続起動防止時間を経過するごとに1台起動させるが、前記上限圧力PHよりも低圧の第一下限圧力PL1以下になれば、前記連続起動防止時間の経過を待つことなくさらにもう1台起動させる
ことを特徴とする請求項3または請求項4に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。 - 前記台数制御器は、前記圧力センサの検出圧力に加えて、前記各圧縮機からの圧縮空気の吐出流量、または前記各圧縮機の回転数、使用電流もしくは使用電力に基づき、前記圧縮機の運転台数を変更する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。 - 前記台数制御器は、前記各圧縮機の使用電流または使用電力を監視し、
使用電流または使用電力の少ない圧縮機を優先して運転する
ことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の圧縮機台数制御システム。
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JP6111674B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-10 | 2017-04-12 | 三浦工業株式会社 | 圧縮機台数制御システム |
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KR101983697B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-23 | 2019-06-04 | 한온시스템 주식회사 | 차량용 히트 펌프 시스템의 전동 압축기 제어 방법 |
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