WO2013011560A1 - 電源システム - Google Patents
電源システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013011560A1 WO2013011560A1 PCT/JP2011/066348 JP2011066348W WO2013011560A1 WO 2013011560 A1 WO2013011560 A1 WO 2013011560A1 JP 2011066348 W JP2011066348 W JP 2011066348W WO 2013011560 A1 WO2013011560 A1 WO 2013011560A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- power supply
- switching
- reactor
- phase
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/157—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators with digital control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04373—Temperature; Ambient temperature of auxiliary devices, e.g. reformers, compressors, burners
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/04888—Voltage of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04895—Current
- H01M8/04917—Current of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04947—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
- H02M1/0022—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply system including a power supply and a multiphase converter.
- some vehicles equipped with an electric motor include a multiphase converter that converts voltage.
- a detection device that detects a plurality of phases whose control target amounts can be changed independently and a state of each phase such as an amount of current passing through each phase and a temperature for each phase.
- a control unit that supplies a control signal that defines a control target amount for each phase, and supplies a control signal that corrects the control target amount for each phase based on the state of each phase detected by the detection device Is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- This system can be operated efficiently by increasing the amount of passing current as much as possible according to the state. JP 2007-159315 A
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a power supply system capable of achieving high efficiency while protecting components.
- a power supply system of the present invention performs a power supply that generates power by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas, a boost converter that boosts the power from the power supply, and performs output control of the boost converter.
- a power supply system having a control unit,
- the boost converter is a multiphase converter including a plurality of conversion units each having a reactor and a semiconductor element unit,
- the control unit performs switching control of increase / decrease in the number of drive phases of the conversion unit based on an output condition of the power source, a temperature condition of the reactor, and a temperature condition of the semiconductor element unit.
- the power supply system having such a configuration, it is possible not only to cope with an increase in power supply current by a boost converter composed of a multiphase converter having a plurality of conversion units, but also to increase or decrease the number of drive phases of the conversion unit of the boost converter. Since the switching control is performed based not only on the output condition of the power supply but also on the temperature condition of the reactor and the semiconductor element part constituting the conversion part, the boost converter protects the component parts such as the reactor and the electronic part of the semiconductor element part. However, it can be driven with high efficiency.
- control unit may be configured such that when the output from the power source becomes a predetermined increase switching output, when the reactor reaches a predetermined increase switching temperature, or when the semiconductor element unit When the increase switching temperature is reached, the number of drive phases of the conversion unit may be increased.
- control unit outputs a predetermined decrease switching output from the power source, the reactor has a predetermined decrease switching temperature, and the semiconductor element unit has a predetermined decrease switching temperature. When this happens, the number of drive phases of the conversion unit may be reduced.
- the switching timing when the number of driving phases of the converting unit is decreased is offset to the lower output or temperature than the switching timing when the number of driving phases of the converting unit is increased. Also good.
- control unit may perform switching control of the number of drive phases of the conversion unit while maintaining a current flowing through the boost converter at a predetermined current command value.
- control unit sets the phase of the conversion unit that is switched to drive or non-drive in accordance with switching of the number of drive phases of the conversion unit as a maximum deviation phase, and the maximum deviation at the time of switching control
- the phase current value may be increased or decreased at a predetermined change rate set in advance.
- control unit limits the output of the conversion unit at a predetermined rate of change when the semiconductor element unit or the reactor reaches a preset limit start temperature. You may do it.
- a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the reactor is provided in a part of the plurality of conversion units,
- the limit start temperature of the convert part provided with the temperature sensor is obtained from the heat resistant temperature of the reactor, and the limit start temperature of the convert part not provided with the temperature sensor is the characteristic of the reactor from the heat resistant temperature of the reactor.
- the temperature may be a temperature obtained by subtracting the temperature of variation.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the general relationship between the output and efficiency in the polyphase converter in a reference example. It is a graph explaining the switching conditions based on an output command value. It is a graph explaining the switching conditions based on reactor temperature. It is a graph explaining the switching conditions based on a semiconductor element part temperature. It is a flowchart explaining the switching control of the number of phases at the time of the increase in the number of drive phases. It is a flowchart explaining the switching control of the number of phases at the time of reduction of the number of drive phases. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the temperature of a semiconductor element part, and a load factor.
- the fuel cell system 11 includes a fuel cell 12 that generates electric power by an electrochemical reaction between an oxidizing gas that is a reactive gas and the fuel gas.
- the fuel cell 12 is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, for example, and has a stack structure in which a large number of single cells are stacked.
- the single cell has an air electrode on one surface of an electrolyte composed of an ion exchange membrane, a fuel electrode on the other surface, and a structure having a pair of separators so as to sandwich the air electrode and the fuel electrode from both sides. It has become.
- hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen gas flow path of one separator, and air, which is an oxidizing gas, is supplied to the oxidizing gas flow path of the other separator, and electric power is generated by the chemical reaction of these reaction gases. .
- the fuel cell 12 is connected to a drive motor (drive source, load) 13 for running the vehicle, and supplies power to the drive motor 13.
- An FC boost converter (boost converter) 14, a capacitor 15, and a drive inverter 16 are connected to the power supply path from the fuel cell 12 to the drive motor 13 in order from the fuel cell 12 side.
- the electric power generated by the fuel cell 12 is boosted by the FC boost converter 14 and supplied to the drive motor 13 via the drive inverter 16.
- the FC boost converter 14 is a multiphase converter that is a multiphase converter, and includes a plurality of conversion units 31a to 31d (in this example, four examples will be described, but the number of phases is not limited to four). Yes.
- Each of the conversion units 31a to 31d includes a reactor 32, a switching element 33 including a transistor 33a and a diode 33b, and a diode 34b.
- a thermistor (temperature sensor) 35 is provided in one conversion unit 31a. Yes.
- the drive motor 13 is, for example, a three-phase AC motor, and the drive inverter 16 to which the drive motor 13 is connected converts a direct current into a three-phase alternating current and supplies it to the drive motor 13.
- the fuel cell system 11 includes a battery 21 that supplies power to the drive motor 13.
- a battery boost converter 23 is connected to the power supply path from the battery 21 to the drive motor 13.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention may be configured not to include the battery boost converter 23.
- the power supply path of the battery 21 is connected to the power supply path of the fuel cell 12, and the power from the battery 21 can be supplied to the drive motor 13.
- the battery boost converter 23 of the present embodiment is a DC voltage converter, and has a function of adjusting a DC voltage input from the battery 21 and outputting the same to the drive motor 13 side, and an input from the fuel cell 12 or the drive motor 13. And a function of adjusting the direct-current voltage and outputting it to the battery 21.
- a function of the battery boost converter 23 charging / discharging of the battery 21 is realized.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell 12 is controlled by the battery boost converter 23.
- the battery 21 can be charged with surplus power or supplementarily supplied with power.
- the fuel cell system 11 includes an ECU (control unit) 41 having a volatile memory 40.
- the ECU 41 is connected to the fuel cell 12, the FC boost converter 14, the battery 21, the battery boost converter 23, the drive inverter 16, and the drive motor 13.
- the ECU 41 includes the fuel cell 12, the FC boost converter 14, the battery. 21, controls the battery boost converter 23, the drive inverter 16, and the drive motor 13. Further, the ECU 41 receives a signal of the detected temperature from the thermistor 35 provided in the conversion unit 31 a of the FC boost converter 14. Then, the ECU 41 controls the outputs of the conversion units 31a to 31d constituting the FC boost converter 14 based on the temperature detected by the thermistor 35 of the conversion unit 31a. Further, in the conversion units 31a to 31d, temperature sensors (not shown) are respectively provided in the semiconductor element unit including the switching element 33 and the diode 34b, and detected temperatures of these temperature sensors are transmitted to the ECU 41.
- the control of the boost converter by the control unit of the fuel cell system according to the present invention includes at least output control of the boost converter, switching control of the drive number of the plurality of conversion units, in other words, the number of drive phases of the boost converter. Includes switching control.
- Fig. 2 shows the relationship between output and efficiency in a multi-phase converter.
- a multi-phase converter which is a multi-phase converter, as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2, as the output is increased, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 2, rather than constantly driving a plurality of phase conversion units 31a to 31d. Switching the number of driving phases so as to increase the number of phases to be driven one by one can increase the overall efficiency.
- the semiconductor element portion including the reactor 32 or the switching element 33 constituting the system may become too high in temperature.
- the number of drive phases of the plurality of phase conversion units 31a to 31d is switched under the following conditions.
- the switching condition based on the output command value is a condition that takes efficiency into consideration, and based on the output command value transmitted from the higher-level control unit, the drive phases of the conversion units 31a to 31d Perform number switching control.
- increase switching outputs P1-2, P2-3 and P3-4 are set.
- the driving is switched to driving the two-phase converting units 31a and 31b.
- the driving is switched to driving of the three-phase converting units 31a, 31b, 31c.
- the output command value becomes P3-4, switching to driving of the four-phase converting units 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d is performed.
- decrease switching outputs P4-3, P3-2, and P2-1 are set.
- the four-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d are driven, when the output command value decreases and the output command value becomes P4-3, the three-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, and 31c are driven. Switch. Further, when the output command value becomes P3-2, the driving is switched to driving of the two-phase converting units 31a and 31b. When the output command value becomes P2-1, the driving is switched to the driving of the one-phase converting unit 31a.
- the FC boost converter 14 can be operated with high efficiency.
- the switching condition based on the reactor temperature is a condition for maintaining the thermal rating of the reactor 32, and the switching control of the number of drive phases of the conversion units 31a to 31d based on the temperature of the reactor 32. I do.
- increase switching temperatures Tr1-2, Tr2-3, and Tr3-4 are set in advance.
- the driving is switched to driving the two-phase converting units 31a and 31b.
- the driving is switched to the driving of the three-phase converting units 31a, 31b, 31c.
- the driving is switched to driving of the four-phase converting portions 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d.
- decrease switching temperatures Tr4-3, Tr3-2, and Tr2-1 are set in advance. Then, in a state where the four-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d are driven, when the temperature of the reactor 32 decreases and the switching temperature Tr4-3 is reached, switching to driving of the three-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, and 31c is performed. . Further, when the reactor 32 reaches the switching temperature Tr3-2, the driving is switched to driving of the two-phase converting units 31a and 31b. Then, when the reactor 32 reaches the switching temperature Tr2-1, the driving is switched to the driving of the one-phase converting unit 31a.
- Tr1-2 and Tr3-2 and Tr2-3 and Tr4-3 may be either higher or the same temperature.
- the switching temperature Tr3-4 when switching to driving by the four-phase converting units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d is set to a temperature lower than the heat resistance temperature of the reactor 32. And by performing switching control of the number of drive phases of the conversion units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d under these conditions, the reactor 32 can be maintained at a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature, and the thermal rating can be maintained.
- the switching temperature Tr3-4 (thermal rated temperature) is such that the reactor 32 does not reach the heat resistant temperature even if it is driven at the maximum output for about 30 seconds after reaching the switching temperature Tr3-4, and is driven without any trouble. Is set.
- the temperature of the reactor 32 uses the thermistor (temperature sensor) 35 provided in the one-phase converter 31a, and the temperature of the reactor 32 of the converter 31a provided with the thermistor 35 is used as a representative. .
- the cost can be greatly reduced as compared with the case where the thermistors 35 are provided in all the conversion units 31a to 31d.
- the switching condition based on the semiconductor element part temperature is a condition for protecting the thermal rating of the semiconductor element part including the switching element 33 and the diode 34b. Based on the above, switching control of the number of drive phases of the conversion units 31a to 31d is performed.
- increase switching temperatures Ts1-2, Ts2-3, and Ts3-4 are set.
- the switching is performed to drive the two-phase conversion units 31a and 31b.
- the driving is switched to the three-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, and 31c.
- the driving is switched to the four-phase conversion portions 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d.
- decrease switching temperatures Ts4-3, Ts3-2, and Ts2-14 are set.
- the four-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d are driven, when the temperature of the semiconductor element unit decreases and reaches the switching temperature Ts4-3, the three-phase conversion units 31a, 31b, and 31c are driven. Switch. Further, when the semiconductor element portion reaches the switching temperature Ts3-2, the driving is switched to driving of the two-phase converting portions 31a and 31b. When the semiconductor element portion reaches the switching temperature Ts2-1, the driving is switched to the one-phase converting portion 31a.
- the switching temperature of the semiconductor element portion that is the timing for switching the number of phases is set as follows. Ts1-2> Ts2-1, Ts2-3> Ts3-2, Ts3-4> Ts4-3 Thereby, it is possible to provide a hysteresis when the number of phases is increased and when the number of phases is decreased, thereby suppressing control hunting.
- the temperatures of Ts1-2 and Ts3-2, and Ts2-3 and Ts4-3 may be either higher or the same temperature.
- the switching temperature Ts3-4 when switching to driving by the four-phase converting units 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d is set to a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature of the semiconductor element unit.
- the semiconductor element unit can be maintained at a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature, and the thermal rating can be maintained.
- the temperature of the semiconductor element portion is a detected temperature transmitted from a temperature sensor provided in each phase of the semiconductor element portion. Note that, under the above conditions, the maximum temperature in the temperature detected from the temperature sensor of the semiconductor element portion of each phase is used.
- Low-efficiency power generation refers to power generation in which the reaction gas (for example, oxidizing gas) supplied to the fuel cell 12 is less than that during normal power generation and has a large power loss compared to normal power generation. This means a power generation state in which the fuel cell 12 is operated in a state of being narrowed to around 0 (theoretical value).
- the reaction gas for example, oxidizing gas
- step S01 based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor provided in the fuel cell 12, it is determined whether or not the switching condition based on the power generation state is satisfied (step S01).
- step S01: Yes when it is determined that the switching condition based on the power generation state is satisfied (step S01: Yes), that is, when it is necessary to drive the fuel cell 12 below, for example, below freezing point, the converting units 31a, 31b, 31c. , 31d are driven (step S02). Thereby, the fuel cell 12 is rapidly warmed up, and the efficiency of subsequent operation is improved.
- step S03 If it is determined that the switching condition based on the power generation state is not satisfied (step S01: No), it is determined whether the switching condition based on the output command value described above is satisfied (step S03). If it is determined that the switching condition based on the output command value is satisfied (step S03: Yes), the driving is switched to the number of phases increased by one phase from the current number of phases (step S06).
- step S04 If it is determined that the switching condition based on the output command value is not satisfied (step S03: No), it is determined whether the switching condition based on the reactor temperature is satisfied (step S04). Here, if it is determined that the switching condition based on the reactor temperature is satisfied (step S04: Yes), the driving is switched to the number of phases increased by one phase from the current number of phases (step S06).
- step S05 it is determined whether the switching condition based on the semiconductor element part temperature is satisfied.
- step S05 it is determined whether the switching condition based on the semiconductor element portion temperature is satisfied.
- step S11 it is determined whether or not the switching condition based on the power generation state is satisfied. If it is determined that the switching condition based on the power generation state is not satisfied (step S11: Yes), it is determined whether the switching condition based on the output command value is satisfied (step S12).
- step S12 If it is determined that the switching condition based on the output command value is satisfied (step S12: Yes), it is determined whether the output command filter value is equal to or less than the output command value (step S13).
- the output command filter value is an output value obtained by measuring the output from the fuel cell 12 with a sensor.
- step S13 If it is determined that the output command filter value is equal to or less than the output command value (step S13: Yes), it is determined whether a switching condition based on the reactor temperature is satisfied (step S14). If it is determined that the switching condition based on the reactor temperature is satisfied (step S14: Yes), it is determined whether the switching condition based on the semiconductor element part temperature is satisfied (step S15).
- step S15 If it is determined that the switching condition based on the semiconductor element temperature is satisfied (step S15: Yes), the driving is switched to the number of phases reduced by one phase from the current number of phases (step S16).
- the following control is performed along with the switching of the number of phases of the FC boost converter 14 described above.
- (1) Load factor limiting control In this load factor limiting control, the load factor is limited in consideration of drivability.
- the load factor restricted by the load factor restriction control is derived for the semiconductor element temperature and the reactor temperature, respectively.
- FIG. 8 shows the load factor A of the semiconductor element portion of the converting portion 31a in which the thermistor 35 is provided.
- the load factor A is limited at a change rate considering drivability from the time when the temperature of the semiconductor element portion reaches the limit start temperature TsA to the reference heat resistant temperature TsB.
- This reference heat resistant temperature TsB is set to a temperature sufficiently lower than the specified heat resistant temperature Tsmax.
- FIG. 9 shows the load factor B of the reactor 32 of the converting unit 31a in which the thermistor 35 is provided.
- the load factor B is output at a rate of change taking drivability into consideration until the detected temperature of the thermistor 35 provided in the reactor 32 reaches the reference heat-resistant temperature TrB from when the detected temperature reaches the limit start temperature TrA. It is for making a restriction.
- This reference heat resistant temperature TrB is set to a temperature sufficiently lower than the specified heat resistant temperature Trmax.
- FIG. 10 shows the load factor C of the reactor 32 of the converters 31b, 31c, 31d where the thermistor 35 is not provided.
- the load factor C is a rate of change considering drivability from the time when the detected temperature of the thermistor 35 provided in the reactor 32 reaches the limit start temperature TrA ′ to the reference heat resistant temperature TrB ′. This is for limiting output.
- the reference heat-resistant temperature TrB ′ is set to a sufficiently low temperature in consideration of the variation temperature of the specified heat-resistant temperature Trmax caused by the variation in characteristics such as the heat generation characteristics of the reactor 32 from the specified heat-resistant temperature Trmax. That is, the reference heat-resistant temperature TrB ′ of the reactor 32 in the converters 31b, 31c, 31d in which the thermistor 35 is not provided is only a temperature that varies more than the reference heat-resistant temperature TrB of the reactor 32 in the converter 31a in which the thermistor 35 is provided. The temperature is low.
- the load factor L1 in the conversion unit 31a provided with the thermistor 35 is determined by selecting the lower one of the load factor A or the load factor B. Further, the load factor L2 in the conversion units 31b, 31c, 31d in which the thermistor 35 is not provided is determined by selecting either the load factor A or the load factor C, whichever is lower.
- This maximum output upper limit Pmax is obtained from the sum of the respective maximum outputs Pamax, Pbmax, Pcmax, Pdmax in each of the conversion units 31a to 31d as in the following equation.
- Pmax Pamax + Pbmax + Pcmax + Pdmax
- the respective maximum outputs Pamax, Pbmax, Pcmax, and Pdmax in each of the conversion units 31a to 31d are obtained as follows.
- the maximum output Pamax in the conversion unit 31a provided with the thermistor 35 and the maximum outputs Pbmax, Pcmax, Pdmax in the conversion units 31b to 31d not provided with the thermistor 35 are the load factors L1 and L2 and the conversion units 31a to 31d described above.
- the maximum output value Ps in design is obtained based on the following equation.
- the ECU 41 transmits the maximum output upper limit Pmax to the upper control unit, and suppresses the output command value from the upper control unit within the maximum output upper limit Pmax, and the reactor 32 and the semiconductor element unit of the conversion units 31a to 31d. Can be protected.
- the ECU 41 compensates for the insufficient output from the battery 21. If the output from the battery 21 is insufficient, the output is limited.
- the maximum current upper limit Imax is obtained from the sum of the maximum currents Iamax, Ibmax, Icmax, and Idmax in the conversion units 31a to 31d as shown in the following equation.
- Imax Iamax + Ibmax + Icmax + Idmax
- the respective maximum currents Iamax, Ibmax, Icmax, and Idmax in the respective conversion units 31a to 31d are obtained as follows.
- the maximum current Iamax in the conversion unit 31a provided with the thermistor 35 and the maximum currents Ibmax, Icmax, Idmax in the conversion units 31b to 31d not provided with the thermistor 35 are the load factors L1 and L2 and the conversion units 31a to 31d described above. From the design maximum current value Is, it is obtained based on the following equation.
- the ECU 41 transmits the maximum current upper limit Imax to the upper control unit, and suppresses the current command value from the upper control unit within the maximum current upper limit Imax, and the reactor 32 and the semiconductor element unit of the conversion units 31a to 31d. Can be protected.
- the ECU 41 performs control to compensate for the insufficient current from the battery 21.
- the current is not enough even after compensation from the battery 21, the current is limited.
- target currents Ia to Id in the respective conversion units 31a to 31d are set.
- a value obtained by dividing the current command value from the upper control unit by the number of drive phases, or each conversion unit 31a to 31d is selected and set.
- the target current of the conversion unit in the non-driven state of the conversion units 31a to 31d is “0”.
- the deviation of each phase may be the same. Therefore, priorities (for example, 31a>31b>31c> 31d) are provided for each phase, and when the deviations are the same, the maximum deviation phase is derived based on the priorities. Further, when the drive command for each phase is set to the OFF state, the drive phase is not a target for obtaining the maximum deviation phase. It is preferable that the maximum deviation phase be referenced from the RAM.
- rate limiting is performed when the current increases and when the current decreases.
- the rate limit for example, the lower limit value 0 (A) is changed to the upper limit value 125 (A), and ⁇ 5.0 / 1.0 (A / ms) when the current increases and when the current decreases. This rate limit can be rewritten from the outside.
- 31a phase current command value (current command value from the host control unit-maximum deviation phase current command value) + (Maximum current of 31a phase / (total of maximum current of 31a phase and 31b phase))
- 31b phase current command value (current command value from the host control unit-maximum deviation phase current command value) + (Maximum current of 31b phase / (total of maximum currents of 31a phase and 31b phase))
- 31a phase current command value (current command value from the host control unit-maximum deviation phase current command value) + (Maximum current of 31a phase / (total of maximum currents of 31a phase, 31b phase and 31c phase))
- 31b phase current command value (current command value from the host control unit-maximum deviation phase current command value) + (Maximum current of 31b phase / (sum of maximum currents of 31a phase, 31b phase and 31c phase))
- 31c phase current command value (current command value from the host control unit-maximum deviation phase current command value) + (Maximum current of 31c phase / (total of maximum currents of 31a phase, 31b phase and 31c phase))
- the converting unit 31d becomes the maximum deviation phase
- the rate limit is set to 5 / 1.0 (A / ms)
- the current from the upper control unit When the command value is constant at 120 (A), the current distribution in each phase of the conversion units 31a to 31d is as shown in Table 1.
- the switching control of the number of driving phases of the converting units 31a to 31d is performed while maintaining the current output from the boost converter 14 at a predetermined current command value, the switching of the number of driving phases is performed for each converting unit 31a. It is possible to carry out smoothly without imposing a heavy burden on .about.31d. In particular, by setting a rate limit for the maximum deviation phase of the conversion units 31a to 31d, the conversion unit that becomes the maximum deviation phase can be protected.
- the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment it is possible to cope with an increase in the current of the fuel cell 12 by the multiphase boost converter 14 having the plurality of conversion units 31a to 31d.
- the switching control of the increase / decrease in the number of drive phases of the converters 31a to 31d of the boost converter 14 is performed not only on the output conditions from the fuel cell 12, but also on the reactor 32, the transistor 33a, the diode 33b, and the like constituting the converters 31a to 31d. Since it performs based on the temperature conditions of the semiconductor element part which has electronic parts, such as 34b, the boost converter 14 can be driven with high efficiency, protecting components, such as the reactor 32 and the electronic part of a semiconductor element part.
- the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to a fuel cell system mounted on a fuel cell vehicle
- various mobile bodies other than the fuel cell vehicle electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle
- the power supply system according to the present invention can also be applied to a robot, a ship, an aircraft, and the like.
- the power supply system according to the present invention can also be applied to a stationary power generation system used as a power generation facility for buildings (houses, buildings, etc.).
- FIG. 11 shows an example when the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to a power supply system mounted on an electric vehicle (EV vehicle).
- EV vehicle electric vehicle
- the semiconductor element portion in the present invention includes a switching element 33 having a transistor 33a and a diode 33b, and a second switching element 34 having a transistor 34a and a diode 34b.
- FIG. 12 shows an example in which the power supply system according to the present invention is applied to a power supply system mounted on a hybrid vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle capable of directly charging a secondary battery from an external commercial power supply.
- the same or similar components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
- the power supply system 112 includes a motor 130 that mainly functions as a generator and an inverter 160 that supplies power thereto.
- the semiconductor element portion in the present invention is composed of a switching element 33 having a transistor 33a and a diode 33b, and a second switching element 34 having a transistor 34a and a diode 34b.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
前記昇圧コンバータは、それぞれリアクトル及び半導体素子部を有する複数のコンバート部を備えた多相コンバータであり、
前記制御部は、前記電源の出力条件、前記リアクトルの温度条件及び前記半導体素子部の温度条件に基づいて、前記コンバート部の駆動相数の増減の切替制御を行う。
前記温度センサが設けられたコンバート部の制限開始温度は、前記リアクトルの耐熱温度から求められ、前記温度センサが設けられていないコンバート部の制限開始温度は、前記リアクトルの耐熱温度から前記リアクトルの特性のばらつきの温度を差し引いた温度とされていても良い。
12 燃料電池(電源)
14 FC昇圧コンバータ(昇圧コンバータ)
31a~31d コンバート部
32 リアクトル
33 スイッチング素子(半導体素子部)
33a トランジスタ(半導体素子部)
33b ダイオード(半導体素子部)
34 スイッチング素子(半導体素子部)
34a トランジスタ(半導体素子部)
34b ダイオード(半導体素子部)
35 サーミスタ(温度センサ)
41 ECU(制御部)
120 2次電池(電源)
図1に示すように、燃料電池システム11は、反応ガスである酸化ガスと燃料ガスの電気化学反応により電力を発生する燃料電池12を備えている。
このように、燃料電池システム11では、燃料電池12で発電された電力がFC昇圧コンバータ14で昇圧され、駆動インバータ16を介して駆動モータ13へ給電される。
このバッテリ21の電力供給経路は、燃料電池12の電力供給経路に接続されており、バッテリ21からの電力が駆動モータ13へ供給可能とされている。
(参考例)
本実施形態では、複数相のコンバート部31a~31dの駆動相数を以下の条件で切り替える。
この出力指令値に基づく切替条件は、効率を考慮した条件であり、上位の制御部から送信される出力指令値に基づいてコンバート部31a~31dの駆動相数の切替制御を行う。
P1-2>P2-1、P2-3>P3-2、P3-4>P4-3
この条件でコンバート部31a,31b,31c,31dの駆動相数の切替制御を行うことにより、FC昇圧コンバータ14の高効率での運転が可能となる。
このリアクトル温度に基づく切替条件は、リアクトル32の熱定格を守るための条件であり、リアクトル32の温度に基づいてコンバート部31a~31dの駆動相数の切替制御を行う。
Tr1-2>Tr2-1、Tr2-3>Tr3-2、Tr3-4>Tr4-3
なお、Tr1-2とTr3-2及びTr2-3とTr4-3のそれぞれの温度は、いずれが高くても良く、また、同一温度でも良い。
そして、この条件でコンバート部31a,31b,31c,31dの駆動相数の切替制御を行うことにより、リアクトル32を耐熱温度よりも低い温度に維持することができ、熱定格を守ることができる。
この半導体素子部温度に基づく切替条件は、スイッチング素子33及びダイオード34bなどを含む半導体素子部の熱定格を守るための条件であり、半導体素子部の温度に基づいてコンバート部31a~31dの駆動相数の切替制御を行う。
Ts1-2>Ts2-1、Ts2-3>Ts3-2、Ts3-4>Ts4-3
これにより、相数の増加時と減少時とで、ヒステリシスを持たせ、制御のハンチングを抑制することができる。
ここで、4相のコンバート部31a,31b,31c,31dによる駆動に切り替える際の切替温度Ts3-4は、半導体素子部の耐熱温度よりも小さい温度とされている。
燃料電池12を始動させる際に、例えば、寒冷のために効率的に発電することができない場合がある。このような場合、低効率発電による急速暖気を行い、燃料電池12を温める。低効率発電とは、燃料電池12に供給される反応ガス(例えば酸化ガス)が通常発電時に比して少なく、かつ通常発電に比して電力損失が大きい発電をいい、例えばエアストイキ比を1.0付近(理論値)に絞った状態で燃料電池12を運転する発電状態をいう。
1相から2相、2相から3相、3相から4相への相数の増加時の制御について、図6に示すフローチャートに沿って説明する。
ここで、発電状態に基づく切替条件を満たしていると判定されると(ステップS01:Yes)、すなわち、燃料電池12を例えば氷点下で駆動させる必要がある場合には、コンバート部31a,31b,31c,31dの4相全てが駆動される(ステップS02)。これにより、燃料電池12が急速暖気され、その後の運転の効率が向上される。
ここで、出力指令値に基づく切替条件を満たしていると判定されると(ステップS03:Yes)、現在の相数から1相増加された相数での駆動に切り替えられる(ステップS06)。
ここで、リアクトル温度に基づく切替条件を満たしていると判定されると(ステップS04:Yes)、現在の相数から1相増加された相数での駆動に切り替えられる(ステップS06)。
ここで、半導体素子部温度に基づく切替条件を満たしていると判定されると(ステップS05:Yes)、現在の相数から1相増加された相数での駆動に切り替えられる(ステップS06)。
4相から3相、3相から2相、2相から1相への相数の減少時の制御について、図7に示すフローチャートに沿って説明する。
ここで、発電状態に基づく切替条件を満たしていないと判定されると(ステップS11:Yes)、出力指令値に基づく切替条件を満たしているか否かを判定する(ステップS12)。
この出力指令フィルタ値とは、燃料電池12からの出力をセンサで測定した出力値である。
リアクトル温度に基づく切替条件を満たしていると判定されると(ステップS14:Yes)、半導体素子部温度に基づく切替条件を満たしているか否かを判定する(ステップS15)。
(1)負荷率制限制御
この負荷率制限制御では、ドライバビリティを考慮した負荷率の制限を行う。
この負荷率制限制御で制限される負荷率は、半導体素子部温度及びリアクトル温度についてそれぞれ導き出される。
図8は、サーミスタ35が設けられたコンバート部31aの半導体素子部の負荷率Aを示している。図8に示すように、負荷率Aは、半導体素子部の温度が制限開始温度TsAに到達した時点から基準耐熱温度TsBとなるまで、ドライバビリティを考慮した変化率で制限が行われる。この基準耐熱温度TsBは、仕様耐熱温度Tsmaxよりも十分に低い温度に設定されている。
図9は、サーミスタ35が設けられたコンバート部31aのリアクトル32の負荷率Bを示している。図9に示すように、負荷率Bは、リアクトル32に設けられたサーミスタ35の検出温度が制限開始温度TrAに到達した時点から基準耐熱温度TrBとなるまで、ドライバビリティを考慮した変化率で出力制限を行うためのものである。この基準耐熱温度TrBは、仕様耐熱温度Trmaxよりも十分に低い温度に設定されている。
図10は、サーミスタ35が設けられていないコンバート部31b,31c,31dのリアクトル32の負荷率Cを示している。図10に示すように、負荷率Cは、リアクトル32に設けられたサーミスタ35の検出温度が制限開始温度TrA´に到達した時点から基準耐熱温度TrB´となるまで、ドライバビリティを考慮した変化率で出力制限を行うためのものである。
燃料電池12からFC昇圧コンバータ14へ出力可能な最大出力上限Pmaxを算出し、FC昇圧コンバータ14への入力を制限する。
Pmax=Pamax+Pbmax+Pcmax+Pdmax
Pbmax=L2×Ps
Pcmax=L2×Ps
Pdmax=L2×Ps
燃料電池12からFC昇圧コンバータ14へ出力可能な最大電流上限Imaxを算出し、FC昇圧コンバータ14への入力を制限する。
Ibmax=L2×Is
Icmax=L2×Is
Idmax=L2×Is
ここでは、各コンバート部31a~31dにおける目標電流Ia~Idを設定する。
この目標電流の設定では、コンバート部31a~31dのうちの駆動状態のコンバート部に対しては、上位の制御部からの電流指令値を駆動相数で割った値、または各コンバート部31a~31dの最大電流Iamax~Idmaxにおける駆動状態のコンバート部の最大電流値のいずれか低い方を選択して設定する。
(最大偏差相の導出)
まず、ECU41は、各コンバート部31a~31dの偏差のうちの最大のものである最大偏差相を求める。
各コンバート部31a~31dの偏差は、次式から求める。
各相の偏差=|各相の電流目標値-前回の各相の電流指令値|
また、各相の駆動指令がオフ状態に設定されている場合には、駆動相については最大偏差相を求める対象としない。なお、最大偏差相は、RAMから参照できるようにしておくのが好ましい。
最大偏差相の電流指令値では、電流増加時及び電流減少時のそれぞれでレートリミットを行う。このレートリミットとしては、例えば、下限値0(A)から上限値125(A)とし、電流増加時及び電流減少時でそれぞれ±5.0/1.0(A/ms)とする。なお、このレートリミットは、外部からの書換えが可能とされている。
(1)2相駆動の場合
コンバート部31a,31bの2相駆動の状態において、コンバート部31bが最大偏差相であった場合では、コンバート部31aの電流指令値は、次式から求められる。
31a相の電流指令値
=上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値
コンバート部31a,31b,31cの3相駆動の状態において、コンバート部31cが最大偏差相であった場合では、コンバート部31a,31bの電流指令値は、次式から求められる。
=(上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値)
+(31a相の最大電流/(31a相及び31b相の最大電流の合計))
31b相の電流指令値
=(上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値)
+(31b相の最大電流/(31a相及び31b相の最大電流の合計))
コンバート部31a,31b,31c,31dの4相駆動の状態において、コンバート部31dが最大偏差相であった場合では、コンバート部31a,31b,31cの電流指令値は、次式から求められる。
=(上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値)
+(31a相の最大電流/(31a相、31b相及び31c相の最大電流の合計))
=(上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値)
+(31b相の最大電流/(31a相、31b相及び31c相の最大電流の合計))
=(上位の制御部からの電流指令値-最大偏差相の電流指令値)
+(31c相の最大電流/(31a相、31b相及び31c相の最大電流の合計))
Claims (9)
- 電源と、該電源からの電力を昇圧する昇圧コンバータと、前記昇圧コンバータの出力制御を行う制御部とを有する電源システムであって、
前記昇圧コンバータは、それぞれリアクトル及び半導体素子部を有する複数のコンバート部を備えた多相コンバータであり、
前記制御部は、前記電源の出力条件、前記リアクトルの温度条件及び前記半導体素子部の温度条件に基づいて、前記コンバート部の駆動相数の増減の切替制御を行う電源システム。 - 前記制御部は、前記電源からの出力が所定の増加切替出力となった際、前記リアクトルが所定の増加切替温度となった際、あるいは前記半導体素子部が所定の増加切替温度となった際に、前記コンバート部の駆動相数を増加させる請求項1に記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記電源からの出力が所定の減少切替出力となり、前記リアクトルが所定の減少切替温度となり、さらに、前記半導体素子部が所定の減少切替温度となった際に、前記コンバート部の駆動相数を減少させる請求項1に記載の電源システム。
- 前記コンバート部の駆動相数の減少時における切替タイミングが、前記コンバート部の駆動相数の増加時における切替タイミングよりも出力または温度の低い方へオフセットされている請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記昇圧コンバータに流す電流を所定の電流指令値に維持しつつ前記コンバート部の駆動相数の切替制御を行う請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記コンバート部の駆動相数の切替にともなって駆動または非駆動に切り替えられるコンバート部の相を最大偏差相とし、切替制御時における前記最大偏差相の電流値を、予め設定された所定変化率で増減させる請求項5に記載の電源システム。
- 前記制御部は、前記半導体素子部または前記リアクトルが、予め設定されたそれぞれの制限開始温度となった時点で、前記コンバート部の出力を所定の変化率で制限する請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の電源システム。
- 複数の前記コンバート部のうちの一部に前記リアクトルの温度を検出する温度センサが設けられ、
前記温度センサが設けられたコンバート部の制限開始温度は、前記リアクトルの耐熱温度から求められ、前記温度センサが設けられていないコンバート部の制限開始温度は、前記リアクトルの耐熱温度から前記リアクトルの特性のばらつきの温度を差し引いた温度とされている請求項7に記載の電源システム。 - 前記電源は、燃料ガスと酸化ガスの電気化学反応によって発電する燃料電池である請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の電源システム。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/066348 WO2013011560A1 (ja) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | 電源システム |
JP2013524543A JP5863062B2 (ja) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | 電源システム |
US14/233,445 US9473026B2 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | Step-up converter for boosting voltage from a power source system |
CN201180072360.7A CN103650311B (zh) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | 电源系统 |
DE112011105456.4T DE112011105456T5 (de) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | Stromquellensystem |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/066348 WO2013011560A1 (ja) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | 電源システム |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013011560A1 true WO2013011560A1 (ja) | 2013-01-24 |
Family
ID=47557767
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2011/066348 WO2013011560A1 (ja) | 2011-07-19 | 2011-07-19 | 電源システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9473026B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5863062B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103650311B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112011105456T5 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013011560A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013169074A (ja) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | コンバータの制御方法、コンバータの制御装置及び燃料電池システム |
WO2017082033A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-18 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 多相コンバータ |
JP2017103905A (ja) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 株式会社デンソー | 電源システム |
JP2017153239A (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源装置、機器及び制御方法 |
JP2019071730A (ja) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-05-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2019080377A (ja) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-05-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 昇圧コンバータ装置 |
JP2019103190A (ja) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2019103307A (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 制御装置 |
JP2019122198A (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 多相コンバータシステム |
JP2019153492A (ja) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP7329487B2 (ja) | 2020-10-14 | 2023-08-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE112011105920B8 (de) * | 2011-12-05 | 2023-04-06 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug |
DE102015117892A1 (de) * | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Auf- oder Entladen einer Fahrzeugbatterie |
DE102016203207B4 (de) * | 2016-02-29 | 2019-01-31 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Kühlung vom Stromrichter, Stromrichter |
JP6332304B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-02 | 2018-05-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Dc−dcコンバータ |
CN106451746A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-02-22 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | 一种户外测试仪供电方法 |
JP6950575B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-26 | 2021-10-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 昇圧コンバータ |
GB201808364D0 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-07-11 | K U Leuven Res & Development | Multiphase DC-DC converter and method of controlling such |
JP7094780B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-31 | 2022-07-04 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Dc/dc変換ユニット |
DE102018210907A1 (de) * | 2018-07-03 | 2019-06-13 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Wasserfahrzeug mit zwei parallel angeordneten Gleichspannungswandlern und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Wasserfahrzeugs |
DE102018212463A1 (de) * | 2018-07-26 | 2020-01-30 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Spannungsvariation und Phasensteuerung im Zwischenkreis |
US20220216792A1 (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-07 | Solaredge Technologies Ltd. | Method and Apparatus for Bypass and Shutdown of a Power Device |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003111384A (ja) * | 2001-10-02 | 2003-04-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 補充電源システム |
JP2004201463A (ja) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電圧変換装置、異常検出方法、および異常検出をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取り可能な記録媒体 |
JP2007116834A (ja) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-10 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | マルチフェーズ型dc/dcコンバータ回路 |
JP2007159315A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多相コンバータ、ハイブリッド燃料電池システム、及び電源制御方法 |
WO2010140255A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
WO2010140227A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
WO2010140228A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006280193A (ja) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-10-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | 駆動回路の異常判定装置およびこれを備える駆動装置並びに駆動回路の異常判定方法 |
KR100979064B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-08-30 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | 컨버터의 상의 개수를 선정하는 방법 및 이를 이용한 장치 및 기록매체 |
US20110051479A1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2011-03-03 | Dell Products L.P. | Systems and Methods for Controlling Phases of Multiphase Voltage Regulators |
US8278895B2 (en) * | 2009-12-24 | 2012-10-02 | Linear Technology Corporation | Efficiency measuring circuit for DC-DC converter which calculates internal resistance of switching inductor based on duty cycle |
-
2011
- 2011-07-19 US US14/233,445 patent/US9473026B2/en active Active
- 2011-07-19 JP JP2013524543A patent/JP5863062B2/ja active Active
- 2011-07-19 CN CN201180072360.7A patent/CN103650311B/zh active Active
- 2011-07-19 WO PCT/JP2011/066348 patent/WO2013011560A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-07-19 DE DE112011105456.4T patent/DE112011105456T5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003111384A (ja) * | 2001-10-02 | 2003-04-11 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 補充電源システム |
JP2004201463A (ja) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電圧変換装置、異常検出方法、および異常検出をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読取り可能な記録媒体 |
JP2007116834A (ja) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-10 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | マルチフェーズ型dc/dcコンバータ回路 |
JP2007159315A (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多相コンバータ、ハイブリッド燃料電池システム、及び電源制御方法 |
WO2010140227A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
WO2010140228A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
WO2010140255A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | コンバータ制御装置 |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013169074A (ja) * | 2012-02-15 | 2013-08-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | コンバータの制御方法、コンバータの制御装置及び燃料電池システム |
WO2017082033A1 (ja) * | 2015-11-13 | 2017-05-18 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 多相コンバータ |
JP2017103905A (ja) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-06-08 | 株式会社デンソー | 電源システム |
JP2017153239A (ja) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電源装置、機器及び制御方法 |
JP2019071730A (ja) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-05-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2019080377A (ja) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-05-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 昇圧コンバータ装置 |
JP2019103190A (ja) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2019103307A (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 制御装置 |
JP7021520B2 (ja) | 2017-12-05 | 2022-02-17 | 株式会社デンソー | 制御装置 |
JP2019122198A (ja) * | 2018-01-10 | 2019-07-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 多相コンバータシステム |
JP2019153492A (ja) * | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システムおよび燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
JP7329487B2 (ja) | 2020-10-14 | 2023-08-18 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103650311B (zh) | 2016-05-25 |
DE112011105456T5 (de) | 2014-04-10 |
US20140145697A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
US9473026B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
JP5863062B2 (ja) | 2016-02-16 |
CN103650311A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
JPWO2013011560A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5863062B2 (ja) | 電源システム | |
US8663862B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP6528846B2 (ja) | 電力調整システム及びその制御方法 | |
WO2007066676A1 (ja) | 多相コンバータ、ハイブリッド燃料電池システム、及び電源制御方法 | |
JP4967584B2 (ja) | コンバータ制御装置 | |
EP3057166B1 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
US8790838B2 (en) | Voltage conversion control of a fuel cell system | |
US8027759B2 (en) | Fuel cell vehicle system | |
US8815460B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
WO2013099009A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2005348530A (ja) | 燃料電池車両の電圧状態設定方法 | |
US9083266B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and control method therefor | |
US7164976B2 (en) | Control apparatus for fuel cell vehicle | |
JP2017091682A (ja) | 燃料電池システム制御方法及び燃料電池システム | |
JP2018133147A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2009054316A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2012063300A1 (ja) | 燃料電池の出力制御装置 | |
JP5780126B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2010288326A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2010146689A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP5339195B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2017204406A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2009238640A (ja) | 燃料電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11869668 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2013524543 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1120111054564 Country of ref document: DE Ref document number: 112011105456 Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14233445 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11869668 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |