WO2012157131A1 - 水力発電装置 - Google Patents
水力発電装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012157131A1 WO2012157131A1 PCT/JP2011/069889 JP2011069889W WO2012157131A1 WO 2012157131 A1 WO2012157131 A1 WO 2012157131A1 JP 2011069889 W JP2011069889 W JP 2011069889W WO 2012157131 A1 WO2012157131 A1 WO 2012157131A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- water
- flow
- vertical axis
- opening
- turbine
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000486634 Bena Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHPORCSPXIHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine hydrochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC[NH+](C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PCHPORCSPXIHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
- F03B17/063—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having no movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
- F03B13/08—Machine or engine aggregates in dams or the like; Conduits therefor, e.g. diffusors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B15/00—Controlling
- F03B15/02—Controlling by varying liquid flow
- F03B15/04—Controlling by varying liquid flow of turbines
- F03B15/06—Regulating, i.e. acting automatically
- F03B15/14—Regulating, i.e. acting automatically by or of water level
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
- F03B3/16—Stators
- F03B3/18—Stator blades; Guide conduits or vanes, e.g. adjustable
- F03B3/183—Adjustable vanes, e.g. wicket gates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/33—Shrouds which are part of or which are rotating with the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/50—Inlet or outlet
- F05B2250/501—Inlet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that can generate power using a flow of water.
- Patent Document 1 a hydroelectric power generation device described in Patent Document 1 that is installed in a river or an artificial waterway and generates power using the flow of water, and is currently installed in a small river or a first-class river. I'm starting.
- This hydroelectric power generation device is a technological unprecedented that can generate hydroelectric power efficiently and at low cost because it uses small hydropower such as river flow.
- this hydroelectric generator performs hydroelectric power generation by installing it in a flowing waterway, once installed, the water turbine continues to rotate unless the water in the river or the like is dried up.
- the advantage of this hydroelectric generator is that it uses the flow of water that occurs naturally to generate electricity, but regular maintenance is always necessary to maintain its performance. At this time, the maintenance time has not yet arrived, so there is no equipment that has been maintained, but if maintenance is to be performed, the flow of water is blocked, or this hydroelectric generator is lifted from the waterway with a crane or the like to land There is a problem that it is necessary to work in, and it takes time and labor for maintenance.
- the other is the problem of water level fluctuation.
- this hydroelectric generator is installed in a place where there is a flow of water, such as a river or an agricultural waterway, the flow of water is blocked to some extent, and fluctuations in the water level on the upstream side and downstream side also occur.
- the power generation amount depends on the upstream water level, there is a difference in power generation amount between the rainy season when the water amount increases and the dry season when the water amount decreases, which may cause a problem that stable power generation cannot be performed.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is hydroelectric power generation that is easy to maintain, can adjust the water level on the upstream side, and can obtain a stable power generation amount. To provide an apparatus.
- the present invention provides a hydroelectric power generation apparatus that is installed in a flowing water channel and generates power, a water inlet disposed on the upstream side of the water channel, a drain port disposed on the downstream side, And a housing having a flow path communicating from the water inlet to the water outlet, and a water collection device that is provided at an opening edge of the water inlet of the housing and collects water at the water inlet while damming and storing water flowing through the water channel
- a vertical axis turbine having a plate, a rotor blade rotatably supported in the flow path of the housing, a generator that generates electric power by receiving the rotational force of the vertical axis turbine, and the vertical axis flowing from the water inlet
- a movable gate capable of adjusting the water level of the water stored on the upstream side of the water channel by increasing or decreasing the water flow cross-sectional area acting on the tip of the rotor blade of the axial water turbine.
- the movable gate is attached to the rotary shaft of the vertical axis turbine, and has a structure that increases or decreases the water cross-sectional area by opening and closing in a direction orthogonal to the flow path.
- the structure etc. which increase / decrease a water flow cross-sectional area by opening and closing along the outer periphery of this can be considered.
- a speed increasing plate is provided that is erected in the housing and accelerates the flow of water in the flow path by gradually decreasing the opening area of the water inlet. Good.
- the speed increasing plate is a sluice gate that can be pulled up in a vertical direction, a slide gate that can be opened and closed in a horizontal direction, or a rotary gate that can rotate around a vertical axis. You may comprise so that the water in a flow path may be discharged to the exterior of a housing from the discharge hole provided in the said housing.
- the water collecting plate may be provided with an opening / closing door, and by opening the opening / closing door, overflow water on the upstream side of the water channel may be discharged downstream without passing through the flow channel.
- the vertical axis turbine a single-axis or two-axis cross-flow turbine arranged oppositely can be adopted.
- a water collecting plate that collects and stores water flowing through the water channel while collecting and collecting the water, and flows into the water inlet and acts on the tip of the rotary blade of the vertical axis turbine.
- a movable gate capable of increasing or decreasing the water flow cross-sectional area is provided. For this reason, it becomes possible to adjust the upstream water level and the opening area of the orifice hole by opening and closing the movable gate to increase or decrease the water flow cross-sectional area. Therefore, the flow rate adjusting function can be exhibited without lowering the power generation efficiency, and there is an effect that stable hydroelectric power generation can always be performed without being influenced by fluctuations in the water level of the water channel. Further, since the movable gate is completely closed, the water flow to the vertical axis turbine can be shut off and the operation of the rotor blades can be stopped, so that the maintenance work can be easily performed.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the vertical axis
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the vertical axis
- FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 2, and is a diagram for explaining the relationship among a flow velocity, an orifice hole opening area, an effective water level difference, and a flow rate.
- FIG. 3 is a simplified diagram of the hydroelectric generator of FIG. 2 and is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the upstream flow rate, the discharge flow rate from the orifice hole, and the effective water level difference. It is a figure explaining the correlation of the fluctuation
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of a hydroelectric generator using a single-axis vertical axis water turbine according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 4A and 4B show another embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a positional relationship between a gear and a movable gate, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which installed the hydroelectric generator of this invention in the wide water channel. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which installed the hydroelectric generator of this invention in the narrow water channel.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. However, in order to make each configuration easy to see, the generator 4, pulleys 32 and 42, belt 43, and drive shaft 41 are partially omitted.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. However, in order to clarify each configuration, the gear 54, the movable gate 5, and the speed increasing plate 7 are not shown.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the configuration of the vertical axis turbine 3 included in the hydroelectric generator 1, but is simplified for clarity in order to clarify the positional relationship between the movable gate 5 and the vertical axis turbine 3. .
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the vertical axis turbine 3 provided in the hydroelectric generator 1.
- the hydroelectric generator 1 of the present invention includes a housing 2 having a water inlet 8, a water outlet 9, and a flow path 25 communicating from the water inlet 8 to the water outlet 9, and has a flow. It is installed and used so that the water inlet 8 is arranged on the upstream side of the water channel and the water outlet 9 is arranged on the downstream side.
- the hydroelectric generator 1 has a plurality of rotary blades 33, 33,... (Hereinafter simply referred to as “rotary blades 33”) rotatably supported in the flow path 25 of the housing 2.
- the vertical axis turbine 3, the generator 4 that generates power by receiving the rotational force of the vertical axis turbine 3, and the flow interruption of water flow that flows into the inlet 8 and acts on the tip of the rotary blade 33 of the vertical axis turbine 3.
- a movable gate 5 capable of increasing and decreasing the area A, and a water collecting plate 6 that collects the stored water to the water inlet 8 while damming and storing the water flowing through the water channel when installed in the water channel. And.
- the housing 2 includes a top plate 21, a bottom plate 22, and two side plates 23, 23, and has a water inlet 8 that opens upstream and a drain port 9 that opens downstream.
- the top plate 21 is provided with two arc-shaped slide grooves 24.
- the movable gate 5 is guided by the slide grooves 24 to insert the tooth profile portion 52 (see FIG. 3). In the state, it is configured to be movable in the direction of the arrow in the figure.
- a flow path 25 communicating from the water inlet 8 to the water outlet 9 is formed in the housing 2, and the vertical axis water turbines 3 and 3 arranged in opposition are accommodated in the flow path 25.
- the vertical axis turbine 3 of the present embodiment is a cross-flow turbine having a rotary shaft 31 and a plurality of rotary blades 33, and the rotary shaft 31 is rotatably supported by bearings 26 and 26 formed on the top plate 21 and the bottom plate 22. (See FIG. 4).
- a cross-flow turbine is used for the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3, but other types of vertical axis turbines can be used as long as they are vertical axis turbines.
- a pulley 32 attached to a rotary shaft 31 and a pulley 42 attached to its own drive shaft 41 are connected by a belt 43, and when the rotary shaft 31 of the vertical axis water turbine 3 rotates, the generator 4 rotates. The force is transmitted to the drive shaft 41 via the belt 43 to generate power.
- One generator 4 is attached to each of the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3.
- the movable gate 5 is a sector gate (radial gate) in which two fan-shaped gates rotate about a shaft.
- the gate is rotatably supported by the rotary shaft 31 of the vertical axis water turbine 3 and is mounted on the rotary shaft 31 via bearings 53, 53, and a circle provided on the main body 51. It comprises an arcuate tooth profile 52.
- a tooth profile for meshing with the gear 54 is formed on the outer periphery of the upper portion of the tooth profile portion 52.
- the water collecting plate 6 is provided at the opening edge of the water inlet 8 as a single body or as a separate body, and is used for blocking and storing the upstream water flowing through the water channel.
- the stored water is passed from the water inlet 8 to the inside of the housing 2 while storing the water blocked by the water collecting plate 6. Therefore, the water flow cross-sectional area A which is an opening adjusted by the movable gate 5 becomes an orifice hole, and the opening area of the orifice hole and the water level H of water collected by the water collecting plate 6 and stored upstream.
- the flow rate acting on the vertical axis turbine 3 is determined.
- speed increasing plates 7, 7 arranged to face each other as shown in FIG. 1 are provided, and the opening area of the water inlet 8 is gradually reduced by the speed increasing plates 7, 7.
- the flow of water in the flow path 25 is increased.
- the speed-increasing plates 7 and 7 of the present embodiment are configured by pull-up type sluice gates, and a gap is formed with the bottom plate 22 by pulling up in the vertical direction, and water in the flow path 25 is discharged from the gap. can do.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the hydroelectric power generator 1.
- FIG. 5A shows a state where the movable gates 5 and 5 are opened
- FIG. 5B shows a state where the movable gates 5 and 5 are closed. ing.
- illustration of the speed increasing plates 7 and 7 and other configurations is omitted.
- the water cross-sectional area at this time that is, the opening area of the orifice hole is A.
- the water flow cross-sectional area A is defined as an orifice hole, and the state of the opening area of the orifice hole is indicated by adding a number to A.
- the two gears 54, 54 may be rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 5 (a). Then, the tooth profile portions 52 and 52 meshed with the gears 54 and 54 in conjunction with this rotation move to the center along the outer periphery of the vertical shaft turbines 3 and 3 in the slide groove 5 and move to the end. The inner ends of the portions 52 and 52 are close to each other.
- This state is a closed state. In this state, the opening area of the orifice hole becomes substantially zero, the water flow to the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3 is blocked, and the rotating operation of the rotary blade 33 can be stopped. .
- the movable gates 5 and 5 are moved outward (side plates 23) along the outer periphery of the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3. , 23 side) direction.
- the form of the movable gate 5 is not limited to this, and may be a structure that moves in a direction orthogonal to the flow path 25 to open and close, and increases or decreases the water flow cross-sectional area by opening and closing.
- the opening area of the orifice hole can be adjusted using the movable gates 5 and 5 as described above.
- the opening area of the orifice hole is reduced, the flow rate of water flowing to the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3 is reduced, and as a result, the rotational force of the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3 is likely to be reduced.
- this is not the case in the present invention. The principle will be described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the relationship between the orifice hole of the hydroelectric generator 1 and the vertical axis turbines 3 and 3.
- FIG. 6A shows that the opening area of the orifice hole is A1
- FIG. 6B shows that the opening area of the orifice hole is A2.
- FIGS. 7 to 15 except FIG. 10 are simplified versions of FIG.
- the upstream side water is stored by the water collecting plate 6, and the relationship between the stored upstream water level, the flow rate flowing from the orifice hole, and the flow velocity is shown.
- the flow velocity V1 of the water flow discharged from the orifice hole is A1
- the gravitational acceleration g the flow velocity V1 is It is expressed by a formula.
- the effective water level can be adjusted by adjusting the opening area of the orifice hole.
- the effective water level difference can be made constant by adjusting the opening area of the orifice hole.
- the amount of water is constant throughout the year, and in particular, the amount of water for agricultural use in the irrigation period and the non-irrigation period usually fluctuates about 2 to 5 times.
- the fluctuation of the water amount affects the flow velocity V and the effective water level difference H of the water flow discharged from the orifice hole.
- the flow rate from the upstream decreases, if the opening area of the orifice hole cannot be adjusted, the decrease of H4 and V4 occurs.
- the original channel function determines the channel cross-sectional shape and channel gradient with respect to the planned water volume.
- the purpose and conditions of the planned channel are set, and a channel cross section that satisfies the condition is designed.
- the planned flow rate (maximum and minimum) of the target water channel to be designed and the depth Hc of this planned water volume (maximum value) are satisfied.
- Hb is 80% deeper than Ha.
- the flow velocity of the water channel is generally set to an average flow velocity of about 1.2 m / sec to 1.5 m / sec.
- it is common sense to design the channel flow velocity so that it becomes faster as it goes downstream.
- the combined use of power generation facilities while maintaining the function of this water channel is an important prerequisite for water channel power generation.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of the effective water level H, the flow velocity V, and the discharge flow rate Qb from the orifice hole when the flow rate Qa from the upstream, the upstream water level Ha, and the opening area of the orifice hole are A.
- the upstream water level Ha is the highest priority for maintaining the water channel function. This water level must not exceed the maximum allowable water depth Hb, and if the power generation amount is increased as necessary, the upstream water channel needs to be raised.
- the state of the hydroelectric generator when it is increased or decreased when the opening area of the orifice hole is not adjusted will be described with reference to FIG.
- the upstream water level becomes He, but the flow rate + Qc exceeding Hb overflows the water collecting plate 6 and is not used for power generation. Therefore, the upstream water level He at the time of water increase must not exceed Hb.
- the upstream water level He decreases, and as a result, the effective water level difference H also decreases. Therefore, the power generation amount is doubled by the decrease of Qa and the decrease of H, which lowers the power generation efficiency of the hydroelectric power generation device, and disadvantageously reduces the total amount of power generation itself.
- the position of the upstream water level can be changed by adjusting the opening area of the orifice hole in the hydraulic power generation apparatus of the present invention at the time of water reduction and water increase.
- a power generation amount of W1 ⁇ W2 is obtained.
- the discharge flow rate from the orifice hole may be reduced so as to raise the water surface to a water level at which the water channel function can be maintained. That is, the movable gate 5 may be moved in the closing direction so as to reduce the opening area of the orifice hole. If the opening area A2 of the orifice hole capable of maintaining H2, the power generation amount of W2 can be obtained.
- the power generation amount will increase.
- the discharge flow rate from the orifice hole may be increased so that the overflowing flow rate + Qc becomes a water level that does not overflow. That is, the movable gate 5 may be moved in the opening direction so as to increase the opening area of the orifice hole.
- the opening area of the orifice hole can be adjusted by opening and closing the movable gate, so that the amount of power generation can be increased and the flow rate adjusting function can be achieved without reducing the efficiency of hydroelectric power generation. Can be demonstrated. Furthermore, since the water flowing to the vertical axis turbine can be stopped by completely closing the movable gate, maintenance work can be easily performed.
- the water collecting plate 6 is provided with a water collecting plate flow rate adjusting opening, and the overflowing water is discharged downstream from this opening.
- an opening / closing door (not shown) is provided on the water collecting plate 6, the opening degree of the opening / closing door is adjusted according to fluctuations in the water level of the water channel, and the overflow water on the upstream side of the water channel is not passed through the flow channel. It may be configured to be discharged into the water.
- FIG. 16 illustrates the open state and the closed state of the movable gate 5 in the hydroelectric generator 1 that employs the single-axis vertical-axis turbine 3, but the same functions as the configuration of the hydroelectric generator 1 are illustrated.
- the components are given the same reference numerals. Since the configuration and operation are substantially the same as described above, detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the opening / closing structure of the movable gate 5 is not limited to this, and for example, a structure in which a gear is arranged downstream as shown in FIG.
- the movable gate 5 is different from the above embodiment in that the upper plate 55 of the main body 51 is formed in a semicircular shape, and a tooth shape is formed around the upper plate 55. And as shown to Fig.17 (a), a part of this upper board 55 and the main body have couple
- the tooth profile portion of the upper plate 55 is meshed with the gear 54, and when the gear 54 is rotated, the upper plate 55 rotates in conjunction with the movable gate 5 to open and close as in the above embodiment.
- a handle 57 is used as a method for rotating the gear 54. That is, the tip of the handle 57 is fitted to the upper end of the rotation shaft 56 of the gear 54, and the gear 54 is rotated by rotating the grip portion 58 of the handle 57.
- the form of the water collecting plate 6 can be modified according to the condition of the water channel in which the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed. As shown in FIG. 18, when the hydroelectric generator 1 is installed in a wide water channel, both ends of the water collecting plate 6 are fixed to both walls of the water channel with fixing brackets 61. In this case, the water collecting plate 6 functions not only as a means for blocking and storing water flowing in the water channel, but also as a unit for connecting and fixing the housing 2 to the water channel.
- both ends of the housing 2 are directly fixed to both walls of the water channel by the fixing fittings 61.
- the front plate 27 of the housing 2 serves both as a fixing means and a function as the water collecting plate 6.
- the water collecting plate 6 dams up the water flowing in the channel and stores the water while raising the upstream water level in the channel. Create a head. As a result, the function of causing the potential energy generated by the head to act on the vertical axis turbine 3 in the housing 2 is exhibited.
- a water intake box 62 is installed at the step portion of the water channel, and the water collecting plate 6 is attached to the water intake port 62a of the water intake box 62, What is necessary is just to attach the housing 2 of the hydroelectric generator 1 to the drain outlet 62b.
- the water collecting plate 6 is a water collecting plate 6A oriented in a direction orthogonal to the flow of the water channel, or a water collecting plate 6B oriented in a direction inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the flow of the water channel. To do. Thereby, the water collecting plate 6 not only raises the water level on the upstream side and creates a drop, but also functions to collect the water flowing upstream to the central water intake box 62.
- the speed increasing plate 7 may have a discharge function as follows.
- the speed increasing plate 7 is configured by a pull-up type sluice gate, and the discharge holes 28 and 28 through which water passes are formed in the side plates 23 and 23 on both sides of the housing 2. Yes.
- the speed increasing plates 7 and 7 are pulled up in the vertical direction with the movable gates 5 and 5 closed as shown in the figure, so that the water inside the flow path 25 is discharged from the gap between the bottom plate 22 and the discharge holes 28. And is discharged to the outside of the housing 2. Therefore, even if the hydroelectric generator 1 is still installed in the water channel, maintenance work for parts such as the vertical axis turbine 3 and the generator 4 inside the housing 2 can be performed without stopping the flow of water in the water channel. it can.
- the speed increasing plate 7 is a rotary gate having a rotary opening / closing door 71, and the opening / closing door 71 is provided at the center of the speed increasing plate 7, and the opening / closing door 71 is centered on a vertical shaft 72. It is supported rotatably in the direction of the arrow. Also in this structure, if the open / close door 71 of the speed increasing plate 7 is rotated and opened while the movable gates 5 and 5 are closed, the water in the flow path 5 is housed in the housing from the discharge hole 28. 2 can be discharged to the outside.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
仮に、オリフィス孔から吐出される流量が流量Q1であったならば、この流量Q1は次式で表される。
一方、上流からの流量に変化が生じた場合には、オリフィス孔の開口面積を調整することにより、有効水位差を一定とすることができる。
2…ハウジング
21…天板
22…底板
23…側板
24…スライド溝
25…流路
26…軸受
27…前面板
28…放流孔
3…垂直軸水車
31…回転軸
32…プーリー
33…回転翼
4…発電機
41…駆動軸
42…プーリー
43…ベルト
5…可動式ゲート
51…本体
52…歯形部
53…ベアリング
54…ギア
55…上板
56…回転軸
57…ハンドル
58…把持部
6…集水板
61…固定金具
62…取水ボックス
7…増速板
71…開閉扉
72…垂直軸
8…入水口
9…排水口
A…オリフィス孔(通水断面積)
Claims (6)
- 流れのある水路に設置して発電を行う水力発電装置であって、
前記水路の上流側に配置される入水口、下流側に配置される排水口、及び入水口から排水口に連通する流路を有するハウジングと、
前記ハウジングの入水口の開口縁に設けられ、前記水路を流れる水を堰き止めて貯留しつつ前記入水口へと集水する集水板と、
前記ハウジングの流路内に回転可能に支持された回転翼を有する垂直軸水車と、
前記垂直軸水車の回転力を受けて発電する発電機と、
前記入水口から流入して前記垂直軸水車の回転翼先端に作用する水流の通水断面積を増減することにより、前記水路の上流側に貯留した水の水位を調整可能な可動式ゲートと、
を備えたことを特徴とする水力発電装置。 - 前記可動式ゲートは、前記流路に直交する方向に開閉することにより通水断面積を増減する構成か、又は前記垂直軸水車の回転軸に取り付けられ、前記回転翼の外周に沿って開閉することにより通水断面積を増減する構成であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記ハウジング内に立設され、前記入水口の開口面積を徐々に減少させて前記流路内の水の流れを増速させる増速板が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記増速板は、垂直方向に引き上げ可能なスルースゲート、水平方向に開閉可能なスライドゲート、あるいは垂直軸を中心に回転可能な回転ゲートになっており、当該ゲートを開くことにより前記流路内の水を前記ハウジングに設けられた放流孔からハウジング外部に放流可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記集水板に開閉扉が設けられ、当該開閉扉を開くことにより前記水路の上流側の越流水を前記流路に通さずに下流側へと放流可能に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の水力発電装置。
- 前記垂直軸水車は、1軸の、あるいは対向配置された2軸のクロスフロー水車であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の水力発電装置。
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11815430T PL2711541T3 (pl) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Hydrauliczny aparat do wytwarzania mocy |
EP11815430.1A EP2711541B1 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Hydroelectric generator device |
RU2012113641/06A RU2500916C1 (ru) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Гидравлическая энергогенерирующая установка |
SI201130718T SI2711541T1 (sl) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Naprava za generiranje vodne energije |
US13/390,363 US8616830B2 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Hydraulic power generating apparatus |
CA2770782A CA2770782C (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Hydraulic power generating apparatus |
BR112012007068A BR112012007068A2 (pt) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | aparelho para geração de energia hidráulica |
ES11815430.1T ES2560434T3 (es) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Dispositivo generador hidroeléctrico |
AP2013007296A AP2013007296A0 (en) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Hydraulic power generating apparatus |
AU2011292911A AU2011292911B2 (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2011-09-01 | Hydraulic power generating apparatus |
MX2012003965A MX2012003965A (es) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | Aparato de generacion de energia hidraulica. |
KR1020127003014A KR101200458B1 (ko) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | 수력 발전 장치 |
CN201180002871.1A CN102959232B (zh) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | 水力发电装置 |
IN2560DEN2012 IN2012DN02560A (ja) | 2011-05-18 | 2012-03-23 |
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JP2011111809A JP4817471B1 (ja) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-05-18 | 水力発電装置 |
JP2011-111809 | 2011-05-18 |
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WO2012157131A1 true WO2012157131A1 (ja) | 2012-11-22 |
Family
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PCT/JP2011/069889 WO2012157131A1 (ja) | 2011-05-18 | 2011-09-01 | 水力発電装置 |
Country Status (15)
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EP (1) | EP2711541B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4817471B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102959232B (ja) |
AP (1) | AP2013007296A0 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012007068A2 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2560434T3 (ja) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN02560A (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2012003965A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY168230A (ja) |
PE (1) | PE20130471A1 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2711541T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2500916C1 (ja) |
SI (1) | SI2711541T1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI472679B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012157131A1 (ja) |
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- 2011-09-01 MX MX2012003965A patent/MX2012003965A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2011-09-01 ES ES11815430.1T patent/ES2560434T3/es active Active
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JP2014156796A (ja) * | 2013-02-14 | 2014-08-28 | Hayami Kohei | 発電システム |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AP2013007296A0 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
PE20130471A1 (es) | 2013-04-27 |
ES2560434T3 (es) | 2016-02-19 |
JP4817471B1 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
CN102959232A (zh) | 2013-03-06 |
MY168230A (en) | 2018-10-15 |
TWI472679B (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
PL2711541T3 (pl) | 2016-04-29 |
IN2012DN02560A (ja) | 2015-08-28 |
EP2711541A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
BR112012007068A2 (pt) | 2016-04-19 |
RU2500916C1 (ru) | 2013-12-10 |
EP2711541A4 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
SI2711541T1 (sl) | 2016-02-29 |
MX2012003965A (es) | 2013-01-10 |
TW201221761A (en) | 2012-06-01 |
CN102959232B (zh) | 2014-01-22 |
JP2012241602A (ja) | 2012-12-10 |
EP2711541B1 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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